Studies on tree CH4 exchange in boreal forests regarding seasonality and role of tree canopies are rare. We aimed to quantify the contribution of boreal trees to the forest CH4 budget during spring leaf-out and to reveal the role of microbes in the CH4 exchange.
MethodsMethane fluxes of downy birch and Norway spruce (Betula pubescens and Picea abies) growing on fen and upland sites were measured together with soil CH4 flux, environmental variables and microbial abundances involved in the CH4 cycle. Tree CH4 fluxes were studied from three stem heights and from shoots.
ResultsThe trees emitted CH4 with higher stem emissions detected from birch and higher shoot emissions from spruce. The stem CH4 emissions from birches at the fen were high (mean 45\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5g\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffc2\uffa0h\uffe2\uff88\uff921), decreasing with stem height. Their dynamics followed soil temperature, suggesting the emitted CH4 originated from methanogenic activity, manifested in high mcrA gene copy numbers, in the peat soil. Methanogens were below the quantification limit in the tree tissues. Upscaled tree CH4 emissions accounted for 22% of the total CH4 emissions at the fen.
ConclusionsThe variation in stem CH4 flux between the trees and habitats is high, and the emissions from high-emitting birches increase as the spring proceeds. The lack of detection of methanogens or methanotrophs in the aboveground plant tissues suggests that these microbes did not have a significant role in the observed tree-derived fluxes. The stem-emitted CH4 from birches at the fen is presumably produced microbially in the soil.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "550", "Methanogens", "LIVING TREES", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "Methanotrophs", "METHANE EMISSIONS", "SAP FLOW", "Boreal forest", "Waterlogging", "PRECURSOR", "0303 health sciences", "BIOMASS EQUATIONS", "NORWAY SPRUCE", "Forestry", "Methane fux", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "METHANOTROPHS", "13. Climate action", "RADIATION", "Methane flux", "VEGETATION", "COMMUNITIES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05447-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05447-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05447-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05447-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05447-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-016-3103-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-10", "description": "Plant\u2013soil feedbacks (PSFs) and grazing drive community dynamics in grasslands. We examined how the intensity of grazing and PSF interact to affect plant growth and explored what drives the observed feedback effects. Three dominant perennial plant species; Artemisia capillaris, Lespedeza davurica, and Stipa bungeana were grown in field-conditioned soil (sterilized or unsterilized) collected from four grazing intensities in a semiarid grassland of northwest China. Soil nutrient concentrations and root fungal communities were determined. Plant biomass increased with grazing intensity for the three plant species. Within each grazing intensity, plant growth in sterilized soil relative to unsterilized soil differed markedly among species. Soil inorganic nitrogen (N) concentration tended to increase with increasing grazing intensity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization was high for all grazing intensities for L. davurica. Fusarium tricinctum, the most common pathogenic Fusarium species, had the highest frequency from the control for A. capillaris and tended to increase with increasing grazing intensity for S. bungeana. Our results suggest that in grasslands plant growth can be modified by the intensity of grazing via grazing-induced changes in soil nutrient availability and fungal communities. Additional studies are needed to determine how grazing intensity affects species co-existence through PSFs to mixed communities.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3103-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-016-3103-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-016-3103-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-016-3103-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-017-3236-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-29", "title": "Responses Of Root Exudation And Nutrient Cycling To Grazing Intensities And Recovery Practices In An Alpine Meadow: An Implication For Pasture Management", "description": "The rhizosphere priming effect is caused by root carbon (C) exudation into the rhizosphere; the role of this effect in nutrient cycling and ecosystem recovery of natural grasslands as affected by different grazing intensities is still unknown. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationships among root C exudation, rhizospheric microbial activity, and their influences on plant nutrient uptake during grazing and recovery periods. Field experiments were conducted in the Hongyuan Alpine Meadow to measure root exudation rate and nutrient cycling processes of the dominant species Elymus nutans. Three grazing intensities (an ungrazed control, moderate grazing and heavy grazing) were introduced for two months, following which all treatments received a recovery practice (no grazing for 21\u00a0days). Heavy grazing significantly decreased root exudation rate, soil nitrogen (N) mineralization rate, \u03b2-1,4-glucosidase (BG) activity, and foliar C concentration, while moderate grazing had no influence on these parameters compared to the control. After the 21\u00a0days of recovery, all these parameters, except N mineralization rate and foliar C concentrations in the heavy grazing treatment, returned to similar levels as in the control, whereas root exudation rate and BG activity rose to even higher levels. Meanwhile, moderate grazing significantly promoted root exudation rate, soil inorganic N concentration, net soil N mineralization rate, and \u03b2-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activity during the recovery stage as compared to the control. Foliar quality was also improved by the recovery practice, indicating that the high availability of N and P is a consequence of the positive root\u2013microbe feedback and will ultimately benefit grazers. The flush of labile C released to the rhizosphere by grazed plants stimulated extracellular enzyme activities, enhanced soil N mineralization, and increased plant nutrient uptake. These results imply that reasonable (i.e. moderate) grazing followed by a recovery practice can effectively restore and strengthen grassland vegetation, and contribute to the sustainable use of alpine meadows such as Hongyuan.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3236-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-017-3236-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-017-3236-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-017-3236-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-26", "title": "Livestock grazing and aridity reduce the functional diversity of biocrusts", "description": "Livestock grazing and climate change are two of the most important global change drivers affecting ecosystem functioning in drylands. Grazing and climate are known to influence the cover and composition of biocrusts, which are substantial components of dryland soils globally. Much less is known, however, about how these global change drivers affect the functional diversity of biocrust communities in these ecosystems. Here, we evaluate the role of increasing aridity and grazing intensity in driving the functional diversity of biocrusts. We collected data on multiple biocrust functional traits and community composition, recent and historic grazing intensity, and vascular plants at 151 sites from drylands in eastern Australia. We then used structural equation modelling and a fourth corner analysis to examine the combined effects of aridity and grazing on biocrust functional diversity and individual functional traits. Aridity had a significant direct suppressive effect on biocrust functional diversity. Effects of grazing by livestock, kangaroos and rabbits on functional diversity were predominantly indirect and suppressive, mediated by a reduction in biocrust cover. Grazing did, however, promote functional diversity via an increase in vascular plant richness, with a concomitant increase in biocrust richness. The overall effect of grazing on biocrust functional diversity however was negative. Fourth corner analyses revealed that livestock grazing had a significant negative effect on the ability of biocrusts to stabilise the soil. Aridity had strong negative effects on biocrust height and their ability to absorb water and capture sediment. Few significant relationships were detected between enzyme-related traits and environmental variables. Our findings provide novel evidence that the combination of increasing aridity and intensified livestock grazing will reduce the functional diversity and capabilities of biocrust communities, with resultant declines in ecosystem functioning.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Trait; Biological soil crust; soil crusts; ecosystem function; functional diversity; livestock; Drylands", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-017-3388-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-08-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-017-3467-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-23", "title": "Effects Of Irrigation Management During The Rice Growing Season On Soil Organic Carbon Pools", "description": "When addressing water shortage in rice production, we need to consider the influence of water-saving irrigation methods on soil organic carbon stocks (SOC). A typical rice\u2013rapeseed rotation was irrigated using 3 different strategies in rice growing season over a 3\u00a0year period: continuous flooding (CF), alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD), and rain-fed with irrigation only during drought periods (RFL). Soil samples were separated into fractions of different stability using sequentially fractionation methods. Compared with CF, AWD had no influence on C concentrations in physicochemically protected particulate organic matter in microaggregates (iPOM) at the 0\u201320\u00a0cm soil depth; however, it significantly increased the iPOM percentage in the bulk soil mass at the 5\u201310\u00a0cm soil depth. The RFL method lowered C stocks in iPOM at 0\u201320\u00a0cm soil depth, in comparison with CF and AWD, which was mainly due to its significant reduction in C concentrations in iPOM and the iPOM proportion in the bulk soil mass. The different water regimes had no effect on C stocks protected in silt and clay in microaggregates and unprotected free light POM. However, when considering the whole soil profile (0\u201320\u00a0cm), RFL significantly decreased total SOC stock, whereas there was no difference between CF and AWD. A moderate reduction in irrigation water under AWD strategy had little impact on SOC pools, thus, it could be considered an alternative water regime in balancing saving water and maintaining SOC stability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3467-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-017-3467-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-017-3467-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-017-3467-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-21", "title": "Identity of plant, lichen and moss species connects with microbial abundance and soil functioning in maritime Antarctica", "description": "We lack studies evaluating how the identity of plant, lichen and moss species relates to microbial abundance and soil functioning on Antarctica. If species identity is associated with soil functioning, distributional changes of key species, linked to climate change, could significantly affect Antarctic soil functioning.We evaluated how the identity of six Antarctic plant, lichen and moss species relates to a range of soil attributes (C, N and P cycling), microbial abundance and structure in Livingston Island, Maritime Antarctica. We used an effect size metric to predict the association between species (vs. bare soil) and the measured soil attributes.We observed species-specific effects of the plant and biocrust species on soil attributes and microbial abundance. Phenols, phosphatase and \u03b2-D-cellobiosidase activities were the most important attributes characterizing the observed patterns. We found that the evaluated species positively correlated with soil nutrient availability and microbial abundance vs. bare soil.We provide evidence, from a comparative study, that plant and biocrust identity is associated with different levels of soil functioning and microbial abundance in Maritime Antarctica. Our results suggest that changes in the spatial distribution of these species linked to climate change could potentially entail changes in the functioning of Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "plants", "soil enzymology", "13. Climate action", "polymerase chain reaction", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "soil fungi", "14. Life underwater", "15. Life on land", "bacteria"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-018-3721-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-01", "title": "Surface tension, rheology and hydrophobicity of rhizodeposits and seed mucilage influence soil water retention and hysteresis", "description": "Rhizodeposits collected from hydroponic solutions with roots of maize and barley, and seed mucilage washed from chia, were added to soil to measure their impact on water retention and hysteresis in a sandy loam soil at a range of concentrations. We test the hypothesis that the effect of plant exudates and mucilages on hydraulic properties of soils depends on their physicochemical characteristics and origin.Surface tension and viscosity of the exudate solutions were measured using the Du No\u00fcy ring method and a cone-plate rheometer, respectively. The contact angle of water on exudate treated soil was measured with the sessile drop method. Water retention and hysteresis were measured by equilibrating soil samples, treated with exudates and mucilages at 0.46 and 4.6\u00a0mg\u00a0g-1 concentration, on dialysis tubing filled with polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution of known osmotic potential.Surface tension decreased and viscosity increased with increasing concentration of the exudates and mucilage in solutions. Change in surface tension and viscosity was greatest for chia seed exudate and least for barley root exudate. Contact angle increased with increasing maize root and chia seed exudate concentration in soil, but not barley root. Chia seed mucilage and maize root rhizodeposits enhanced soil water retention and increased hysteresis index, whereas barley root rhizodeposits decreased soil water retention and the hysteresis effect. The impact of exudates and mucilages on soil water retention almost ceased when approaching wilting point at -1500\u00a0kPa matric potential.Barley rhizodeposits behaved as surfactants, drying the rhizosphere at smaller suctions. Chia seed mucilage and maize root rhizodeposits behaved as hydrogels that hold more water in the rhizosphere, but with slower rewetting and greater hysteresis.", "keywords": ["DYNAMICS", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "seed exudate", "FLOW", "QH301 Biology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "root exudate", "630", "QH301", "soil water retention", "ROOT", "surface tension", "DIMR 646809", "Contact angle", "contact angle", "PHOSPHOLIPID SURFACTANTS", "2. Zero hunger", "STABILITY", "BB/J000868/1", "Surface tension", "Civil_env_eng", "Viscosity", "Hysteresis", "name=Soil Science", "Root exudate", "RHIZOSPHERE HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES", "EXUDATION", "Regular Article", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "540", "Soil water retention", "6. Clean water", "Seed exudate", "BB/J011460/1", "hysteresis", "BB/L026058/1", "viscosity", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "name=Plant Science", "MAIZE", "BB/P004180/1", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/5787/1/Naveed2019_Article_SurfaceTensionRheologyAndHydro.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/428238/1/Naveed2019_Article_SurfaceTensionRheologyAndHydro.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-019-03939-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-06", "title": "Significance of root hairs at the field scale \u2013 modelling root water and phosphorus uptake under different field conditions", "description": "Abstract Background and aimsRoot hairs play a significant role in phosphorus (P) extraction at the pore scale. However, their importance at the field scale remains poorly understood.
MethodsThis study uses a continuum model to explore the impact of root hairs on the large-scale uptake of P, comparing root hair influence under different agricultural scenarios. High vs low and constant vs decaying P concentrations down the soil profile are considered, along with early vs late precipitation scenarios.
ResultsSimulation results suggest root hairs accounted for 50% of total P uptake by plants. Furthermore, a delayed initiation time of precipitation potentially limits the P uptake rate by over 50% depending on the growth period. Despite the large differences in the uptake rate, changes in the soil P concentration in the domain due to root solute uptake remains marginal when considering a single growth season. However, over the duration of 6\uffc2\uffa0years, simulation results showed that noticeable differences arise over time.
ConclusionRoot hairs are critical to P capture, with uptake efficiency potentially enhanced by coordinating irrigation with P application during earlier growth stages of crops.
", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "0106 biological sciences", "330", "550", "EP/M020355/1", "ERC 646809 DIMR", "QH301 Biology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "Soil Science", "A. B", "Field", "610", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "NERC NE/L00237/1", "QH301", "Soil", "Plant roots", "Root hairs", "BBSRC SARIC BB/P004180/", "2. Zero hunger", "BBSRC SARISA BB/L025620/1. S. D.", "Mathematical modelling", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "name=Soil Science", "Water", "Phosphorus", "Regular Article", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Rhizosphere", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "name=Plant Science", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/434043/1/Manuscript_No_Tracked_Changes.pdf"}, {"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-019-04308-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-019-03948-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-01-21", "title": "Fine root biomass, production and turnover rates in plantations versus natural forests: effects of stand characteristics and soil properties", "description": "Fine roots play a significant role in regulating the biogeochemical cycles of forest ecosystems, but how fine root biomass (FRB), production (FRP) and turnover rates (FRT) vary with forest origins remains not well understood. The meta-analysis approach was used to examine the differences in FRB, FRP and FRT between plantations and their adjacent natural forests based on 238 cases reported in 45 published studies. FRB and FRP were 36.5% and 36.0% lower, respectively, in plantations than in natural forests. FRT was 22.4% higher in plantations relative to natural forests. The decrease in FRB in plantations relative to natural forests varied among plantations with different plant genera and root diameter classes. The general patterns for FRP and FRT in relation to various factors (biogeographic zone, leaf form, leaf seasonality, plant genus in plantations, and root diameter class) did not differ among the groups. The difference in FRB between plantations and natural forests was positively correlated with stand age but negatively related with soil total\u00a0nitrogen concentration, the difference in FRP was positively affected by diameter at breast height (DBH) and soil pH, and the difference in FRT was positively affected by DBH, tree height, soil bulk density and soil pH and negatively affected by soil organic carbon and total\u00a0nitrogen concentration. FRB, FRP and FRT exhibit significant differences between plantations and natural forests and that these differences are partially caused by shifts in stand characteristics and variations in soil properties.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03948-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-019-03948-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-019-03948-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-019-03948-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-05", "title": "Quantifying citrate-enhanced phosphate root uptake using microdialysis", "description": "Abstract AimsOrganic acid exudation by plant roots is thought to promote phosphate (P) solubilisation and bioavailability in soils with poorly available nutrients. Here we describe a new combined experimental (microdialysis) and modelling approach to quantify citrate-enhanced P desorption and its importance for root P uptake.
MethodsTo mimic the rhizosphere, microdialysis probes were placed in soil and perfused with citrate solutions (0.1, 1.0 and 10\uffc2\uffa0mM) and the amount of P recovered from soil used to quantify rhizosphere P availability. Parameters in a mathematical model describing probe P uptake, citrate exudation, P movement and citrate-enhanced desorption were fit to the experimental data. These parameters were used in a model of a root which exuded citrate and absorbed P. The importance of soil citrate-P mobilisation for root P uptake was then quantified using this model.
ResultsA plant needs to exude citrate at a rate of 0.73\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921 to see a significant increase in P absorption. Microdialysis probes with citrate in the perfusate were shown to absorb similar quantities of P to an exuding root.
ConclusionA single root exuding citrate at a typical rate (4.3\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc3\uff97\uffe2\uff80\uff8910\uffe2\uff88\uff925 \uffce\uffbcmol m\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of root h\uffe2\uff88\uff921) did not contribute significantly to P uptake. Microdialysis probes show promise for measuring rhizosphere processes when calibration experiments and mathematical modelling are used to decouple microdialysis and rhizosphere mechanisms.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "615", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Regular Article", "634", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-019-04376-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-020-04516-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-21", "title": "Diversity-productivity relationships vary in response to increasing land-use intensity", "description": "Theoretical and experimental evidence, predominantly from temperate grasslands, demonstrates strong support for a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. This relationship is likely to be affected by land use drivers that remove vegetation, and/or disturb the soil surface. Our study aimed to examine the links between land use intensity and plant richness, and potential effects on productivity and function. We examined the impact of mowing, grazing, and mowing plus grazing, on the relationship between plant diversity, and two measures of function; aboveground biomass and soil carbon. Our focus was on Eurasian grasslands, which support a high diversity of plant species, millions of people and their livelihoods, and where livestock grazing and mowing are predominant land uses. We used structural equation modelling to examine the effects of these land use drivers at 371 sites across 100,000\u00a0km2 of northern China. Mown sites supported a greater number of plant species than sites that were either grazed, or grazed and mown. Increasing plant richness was associated with greater aboveground biomass and soil carbon when sites were either mown or grazed, but these relationships disappeared when the two land use drivers were combined. Relationships among plant diversity and two measures of function were maintained when we accounted for the spatial differences between sites. Our results demonstrate that additional land use pressure imposed when mowing and grazing are applied together can decouple the positive associations between plant richness and functions. An understanding of these potential effects is important if we are to adopt strategies, such as destocking or reduced mowing, to maintain diverse grassland ecosystems, and their services and functions.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04516-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-020-04516-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-020-04516-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-020-04516-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-22", "title": "Interactions between cover crops and soil microorganisms increase phosphorus availability in conservation agriculture", "description": "AbstractAimsAn essential task of agricultural systems is to improve internal phosphorus (P) recycling. Cover crops and tillage reduction can increase sustainability, but it is not known whether stimulation of the soil microbial community can increase the availability of soil organic P pools.
MethodsIn a field experiment in southwest Germany, the effects of a winter cover crop mixture (vs. bare fallow) and no-till (vs. non-inversion tillage) on microbial P-cycling were assessed with soybean as the main crop. Microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), P cycling enzymes, and carbon-substrate use capacity were linked for the first time with the lability of organic P pools measured by enzyme addition assays (using phosphodiesterase, non-phytase-phosphomonoesterase and fungal phytase).
ResultsMicrobial phosphorus, phosphatase, and fatty acids increased under cover crops, indicating an enhanced potential for organic P cycling. Enzyme-stable organic P shifted towards enzyme-labile organic P pools. Effects of no-till were weaker, and a synergy with cover crops was not evident.
ConclusionsIn this experiment, cover crops were able to increase the microbially mediated internal P cycling in a non-P-limited, temperate agroecosystems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "550 Earth sciences & geology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/154721/1/Hallama_et_al_2021__Interactions_cover_crops_organic_P_enzymes.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-04897-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-30", "title": "Grazing impacts on ecosystem functions exceed those from mowing", "description": "Land use change due to the increasing anthropogenic activities is the most important driver leading to alteration of multiple ecosystem functions. Overgrazing is thought to be one of most pervasive and significant degrading processes in grasslands, but direct comparisons with other comparable drivers of land use intensification are lacking. Our results aimed to test how single land use practices (grazing, mowing), and combined land use practices (both grazing and mowing), influence biodiversity, soils and plant function, and the coupling of aboveground and belowground functions and properties in a Eurasian steppe grassland. We examined changes in individual functions associated with aboveground and belowground plant and soil compartments, and multiple combined functions (hereafter \u2018multifunctionality\u2019) at 317 sites along an extensive climatic gradient in Northern China. Further, we investigated the correlations (coupling) between aboveground and belowground processes under the three land use scenarios. We found a mixture of effects of grazing, mowing and mowing plus grazing. However, values of many aboveground and belowground attributes were lower when sites were grazed. Although grazed sites had lower values of soil carbon and nutrients, there were no grazing-induced changes in root carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. More importantly, the most intense land use scenario (grazing combined with mowing) decoupled the correlations between belowground and aboveground functions compared with that of single land uses. Our study demonstrates that mowing is a better long-term management method than grazing for semi-natural grasslands in the Eurasian steppe are heavily grazed. Our results demonstrate that additional land use pressures imposed when mowing and grazing are applied together can decouple the positive associations between plant richness and functions. This knowledge is critical if we are to adopt strategies to maintain diverse grassland ecosystems and the important services and functions that they provide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mowing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem functions", "Grazing", "Plant diversity", "Eurasian grassland", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Multifunctionality", "Ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-04970-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-05010-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-07", "title": "Root anatomy and soil resource capture", "description": "Abstract BackgroundSuboptimal water and nutrient availability are primary constraints in global agriculture. Root anatomy plays key roles in soil resource acquisition. In this article we summarize evidence that root anatomical phenotypes present opportunities for crop breeding.
ScopeRoot anatomical phenotypes influence soil resource acquisition by regulating the metabolic cost of soil exploration, exploitation of the rhizosphere, the penetration of hard soil domains, the axial and radial transport of water, and interactions with soil biota including mycorrhizal fungi, pathogens, insects, and the rhizosphere microbiome. For each of these topics we provide examples of anatomical phenotypes which merit attention as selection targets for crop improvement. Several cross-cutting issues are addressed including the importance of phenotypic plasticity, integrated phenotypes, C sequestration, in silico modeling, and novel methods to phenotype root anatomy including image analysis tools.
ConclusionsAn array of anatomical phenes have substantial importance for the acquisition of water and nutrients. Substantial phenotypic variation exists in crop germplasm. New tools and methods are making it easier to phenotype root anatomy, determine its genetic control, and understand its utility for plant fitness. Root anatomical phenotypes are underutilized yet attractive breeding targets for the development of the efficient, resilient crops urgently needed in global agriculture.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Root; Anatomy; Water; Nutrients; Transport; Insects; Pathogens; Mycorrhiza; Carbon sequestration; Modeling; Image analysis; Plasticity", "Plasticity", "Modeling", "Water", "Transport", "Nutrients", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Image analysis", "Insects", "03 medical and health sciences", "Root", "Anatomy", "Pathogens", "Mycorrhiza"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05010-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-05010-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-05010-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-05010-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-30", "title": "Tracing hotspots of soil erosion in high mountain environments: how forensic science based on plant eDNA can lead the way. An opinion", "description": "High mountain environments are among the most fragile on Earth. Due to anthropogenic disturbances and the exposure to extreme weather events, the rates of soil erosion have recently been accelerating, resulting in ecological degradation and geological hazards. Ecological restoration of mountains and an improved understanding of nature-based solutions to mitigate land degradation is therefore of utmost urgency. Identifying hotspots of soil erosion is a first step towards improving mitigation strategies. A promising methodology to identify erosion hotspots is sediment source fingerprinting, that differentiates the properties of soil from different sources, using signatures such as elemental geochemistry or radionuclides. However, in areas with complex lithologies or shallow and poorly developed soils, geochemical fingerprints allow only a rough distinction between erosion hotspots. In this opinion paper, we explore the relevance of environmental DNA (eDNA) that originates from plant litter and fixes onto fine soil particles, as a targeted sediment fingerprinting method sensitive to vegetation that could potentially allow the identification of erosion hotspots and their relative importance from sedimentary deposits. Pioneering studies indicate that eDNA allows not only the detection of specific vegetation communities, but also the identification of individual plant species. Supported by the increasing availability and quality of vegetation maps and eDNA reference libraries, we argue that sediment source fingerprinting using eDNA from plant litter, will evolve into a valuable method to identify hotspots of soil erosion and allow stakeholders to prioritize areas where ecological restoration is necessary in high mountain environments.", "keywords": ["Soil and water bioengineering", "Vegetation", "[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", "550", "Sediment source fingerprinting", "Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "15. Life on land", "Alpine", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Landslide", "Erosion", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment/Ecosystems", "sedDNA", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-05261-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-022-05382-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-11", "title": "On Maintenance and Metabolisms in Soil Microbial Communities", "description": "AbstractBiochemistry is an essential yet often undervalued aspect of soil ecology, especially in soil C cycling. We assume based on tradition, intuition or hope that the complexity of biochemistry is confined to the microscopic world, and can be ignored when dealing with whole soil systems. This opinion paper draws attention to patterns caused by basic biochemical processes that permeate the world of ecosystem processes. From these patterns, we can estimate activities of the biochemical reactions of the central C metabolic network and gain insights into the ecophysiology of microbial biosynthesis and growth and maintenance energy requirements; important components of Carbon Use Efficiency (CUE).The biochemical pathways used to metabolize glucose vary from soil to soil, with mostly glycolysis in some soils, and pentose phosphate or Entner-Doudoroff pathways in others. However, notwithstanding this metabolic diversity, glucose use efficiency is high and thus substrate use for maintenance energy and overflow respiration is low in these three soils. These results contradict current dogma based on four decades of research in soil ecology. We identify three main shortcomings in our current understanding of substrate use efficiency: 1) in numeric and conceptual models, we lack appreciation of the strategies that microbes employ to quickly reduce energy needs in response to starvation; 2) production of exudates and microbial turnover affect whole-soil CUE more than variation in maintenance energy demand; and 3) whether tracer experiments can be used to measure the long-term substrate use efficiency of soil microbial communities depends critically on the ability of non-growing cells to take up tracer substrates, how biosynthesis responds to these substrates, as well as on how cellular activities scale to the community level.To move the field of soil ecology forward, future research must consider the details of microbial ecophysiology and develop new tools that enable direct measurement of microbial functioning in intact soils. We submit that 13C metabolic flux analysis is one of those new tools.
We incubated temperate forest soil at constant temperature (20 \u00b0C) and water content, and exposed it to strong single-pulse perturbations, which nonetheless mimic common pulse-events in temperate soils (glucose addition at 4 mg g\u22121 soil, or freeze-thawing overnight at \u221220 \u00b0C). We subsequently measured microbial community composition and microbial storage compounds via phospho- and neutral lipid fatty acid (PLFA and NLFA) profiling, as well as C/N stoichiometry of microbial biomass and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in the soil solution shortly after (0.4, 1, 4, and 6 days) and after longer time periods (84 and 160 days) following the perturbations.
Transferring the soils from their natural environment to the laboratory and incubating them under controlled conditions led to a continuous change of microbial community structure over time, along with an increase in microbial biomass and dissolved N in both perturbed and control soils over the time of the experiment. Against the background of this \u2018press-disturbance\u2019, caused by the permanently changed conditions, we see immediate and long-lasting effects of the single pulse events on microbial community composition, C storage and C/N stoichiometry. Both perturbations significantly influenced the microbial community structure (based on PLFA profiles), microbial biomass N and dissolved N up to 160 days, as well as fungal and bacterial biomass and storage (based on absolute PLFA and NLFA concentrations) up to 84 days. Both perturbations increased microbial N (+59.6 \u00b5g g\u22121 dw) and decreased dissolved N (\u221240.3 \u00b5g g\u22121 dw) after 160 days, and significantly altered C/N ratios in microbial and dissolved pools (particularly in the first 6 days of the experiment).
Our results demonstrate that single-pulse perturbations can have long-term legacies in soil microbial ecosystems. In our experiment they led to alternative system states which differed from the unperturbed control in multiple parameters even after 160 days. This indicates that soil microbial communities exhibit a low resistance and resilience towards single-pulse perturbations, and may easily be pushed on alternative trajectories by short but strong environmental pulses.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "Resilience", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Perturbations", "6. Clean water", "Transient state", "Pulse event", "03 medical and health sciences", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "Soil microbial community", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "106026 Ecosystem research"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-05140-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-12", "title": "Seasonal variation in AMF colonisation, soil and plant nutrient content in gypsum specialist and generalist species growing in P-poor soils", "description": "AbstractAims
Gypsum soils are P-limited atypical soils that harbour a rich endemic flora. These singular soils are usually found in drylands, where plant activity and soil nutrient availability are seasonal. No previous studies have analysed the seasonality of P nutrition and its interaction with the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) colonisation in gypsum plants. Our aim was to evaluate the seasonal changes in plant nutrient status, AMF colonisation and rhizospheric soil nutrient availability in gypsum specialist and generalist species.
MethodsWe evaluated seasonal variation in the proportion of root length colonised by AMF structures (hyphae, vesicules and arbuscules), plant nutrient status (leaf C, N and P and fine root C and N) and rhizospheric soil content (P, organic matter, nitrate and ammonium) of three gypsum specialists and two generalists throughout a year.
ResultsAll species showed arbuscules within roots, including species ofCaryophyllaceaeandBrassicaceae. Root colonisation by arbuscules (AC) was higher in spring than in other seasons, when plants showed high leaf P-requirements. Higher AC was decoupled from inorganic N and P availability in rhizospheric soil, and foliar nutrient content. Generalists showed higher AC than specialists, but only in spring.
ConclusionsSeasonality was found in AMF colonisation, rhizospheric soil content and plant nutrient status. The mutualism between plants and AMF was highest in spring, when P-requirements are higher for plants, especially in generalists. However, AMF decoupled from plant demands in autumn, when nutrient availability increases in rhizospheric soil.The characterisation of plant-available phosphorus (P) pools and the assessment of the microbial community in the rhizosheath of cover crops can improve our understanding of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interactions and P availability.
MethodsMustard (Sinapis alba), phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) were grown as cover crops before soybean (Glycine max) in an on-farm experiment on a soil low in available P in southwest Germany. The cycling of P through the cover crop biomass and the enzyme-availability of organic P (Porg) pools in the cover crop rhizosheath were characterised. The soil microbial community (PLFA), activity (acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterase, as well as phosphodiesterase), and microbial P were assessed. The abundance of 16S-rRNA andphoD, coding for alkaline phosphomonoesterase in bacteria, were quantified using real-time qPCR.
ResultsMustard contained the greatest amount of P in its large biomass. In the rhizosheath of all cover crops, the concentration of enzyme-labile Porgwas higher than that in the control bulk soil, along with substantial increases of microbial abundance and activity. There were little differences among cover crop species, few changes in the bulk soil and only a limited carryover effect to soybean, except for fungi.
ConclusionsTurnover of microbial biomass, especially saprotrophic fungi, increased by rhizodeposition of cover crop roots; this was likely responsible for the observed increases in enzyme-available Porg. Microbial function was correlated linearly with microbial biomass, and the data of enzyme activity andphoDdid not suggest a difference of their specific activity between bulk and rhizosheath soil.Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of croplands can be enhanced by targeted management, which boosts soil fertility and contributes to climate\uffc2\uffa0change mitigation. One SOC sequestration option is adopting cover crops. The aim of this study was to quantify the SOC sequestration potential of cover crops in Germany.
MethodsWe simulated SOC scenarios on 1,267 cropland sites with site-specific management data using an SOC model ensemble consisting of RothC and C-TOOL. A new method was developed to estimate carbon input from cover crops that included the effects of climate, sowing date and species on cover crop biomass production.
ResultsThe recent cover crop area could be tripled to 30% of arable land in Germany. This would enhance total carbon input by 12% and increase SOC stocks by 35 Tg within 50 years, corresponding to an annual increase of 0.06 Mg C ha-1, 2.5 Tg CO2 or 0.8 per mill of current SOC stocks in 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. On sites with cover crops, 0.28\uffe2\uff80\uff930.33 Mg C ha-1 a-1 would be accumulated within 50 years. Our simulations predicted that even if the full potential for cover crop growth were realised, there would still be a decline in SOC stocks in German croplands within 50 years due to the underlining negative SOC trend.
ConclusionsCover crops alone cannot turn croplands from carbon sources to sinks. However, growing them reduces bare fallow periods and SOC losses and thus is an effective climate change mitigation strategy in agriculture.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Research Article ; Carbon sequestration ; Modelling ; Carbon input ; Allometric function ; Climate change mitigation ; Environmental Sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "ddc:"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05438-w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05438-w"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05438-w", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05438-w", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05438-w"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Harnessing belowground processes for sustainable intensification of agricultural systems", "description": "AbstractIncreasing food demand coupled with climate change pose a great challenge to agricultural systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades.Tropical forests exchange large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; and nitrous oxide, N2O) with the atmosphere. Forest soils and stems can be either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O, but little is known about what determines the sign and magnitude of these fluxes. Here, we aimed to study how stem and soil GHG fluxes vary along a topographic gradient in a tropical forest.
Methods
Fluxes of GHG from 56 individual tree stems and adjacent soils were measured with manual static chambers. The topographic gradient was characterized by a soil moisture gradient, with one end in a wetland area (\u201cseasonally flooded\u201d; SF), the other end in an upland area (\u201cterra firme\u201d; TF) and in between a transitional area on the slope (SL).
Results
Tree stems and soils were always sources of CO2 with higher fluxes in SF compared to TF and SL. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O were more variable, even within one habitat. Results showed that, in TF, soils acted as sinks for N2O whereas, in SF and SL, they acted as sources. In contrast, tree stems which were predominantly sources of N2O in SF and TF, were sinks in SL. In the soil, N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by both temperature and soil water content, whereas CH4 fluxes were only significantly correlated with soil water content.
Conclusion
SF areas were major sources of the three gases, whereas SL and TF soils and tree stems acted as either sources or sinks for CH4 and N2O. Our results indicate that tree stems represent overlooked sources of CH4 and N2O in tropical forests that need to be further studied to refine GHG budgets.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "550", "source", "Spatial variation", "Sink", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "spatial variation", "Source", "15. Life on land", "Stem", "630", "soil", "[SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "Soil", "Greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange", "13. Climate action", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "[SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics", "106022 Microbiology", "stem", "sink", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Biology", "greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-023-05991-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-023-06151-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-26", "title": "Smart soils track the formation of pH gradients across the rhizosphere", "description": "Abstract Aims
Our understanding of the rhizosphere is limited by the lack of techniques for in situ live microscopy. Current techniques are either destructive or unsuitable for observing chemical changes within the pore space. To address this limitation, we have developed artificial substrates, termed smart soils, that enable the acquisition and 3D reconstruction of chemical sensors attached to soil particles.
MethodsThe transparency of smart soils was achieved using polymer particles with refractive index matching that of water. The surface of the particles was modified both to retain water and act as a local sensor to report on pore space pH via fluorescence emissions. Multispectral signals were acquired from the particles using a light sheet microscope, and machine learning algorithms predicted the changes and spatial distribution in pH at the surface of the smart soil particles.
ResultsThe technique was able to predict pH live and in situ within \uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.5 units of the true pH value. pH distribution could be reconstructed across a volume of several cubic centimetres around plant roots at 10\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm resolution. Using smart soils of different composition, we revealed how root exudation and pore structure create variability in chemical properties.
ConclusionSmart soils captured the pH gradients forming around a growing plant root. Future developments of the technology could include the fine tuning of soil physicochemical properties, the addition of chemical sensors and improved data processing. Hence, this technology could play a critical role in advancing our understanding of complex rhizosphere processes.
", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "light sheet microscopy", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "name=Soil Science", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "Sensing soil", "live imaging", "15. Life on land", "root", "530", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "03 medical and health sciences", "Root", "13. Climate action", "Rhizosphere", "Light sheet microscopy", "name=Plant Science", "rhizosphere", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Live imaging"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06151-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-023-06151-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-023-06151-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-023-06151-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-07-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-14", "title": "Twenty years of afforestation of former agricultural lands with silver birch plantations affects vertical distribution of SOC and macronutrients in the topsoil layer.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05695-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-023-06068-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-23", "title": "Increasing root biomass derived carbon input to agricultural soils by genotype selection \u2013 a review", "description": "AbstractBackground and aimsSoil carbon sequestration can play an important role in mitigating climate change. Higher organic C inputs to agricultural soils are needed in order to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Genotype selection and breeding towards increased root biomass may enhance root C inputs to the soil and could therefore be a promising, easy-to-implement management option for potentially increasing C sequestration. However, an increase in root C inputs may compromise yield, which is not desirable in terms of food security.
MethodsData from 13 global studies with field experiments were compiled in order to estimate the potential of optimised genotype selection for enhancing root biomass without compromising the yield of winter wheat, spring wheat, silage maize, winter rapeseed and sunflower. A lack of data on the effect of variety on rhizodeposition was identified which thus had to be excluded.
ResultsSystematic genotype selection increased mean yields by 52% and mean root biomass by 22% across all crops and sites. A median root C increase of 6.7% for spring wheat, 6.8% for winter rapeseed, 12.2% for silage maize, 21.6% for winter wheat and 26.4% for sunflower would be possible without a yield reduction.
ConclusionOverall, this review demonstrates that optimised genotype selection can be a win-win option for increasing root biomass C input to soil while maintaining or even enhancing yield.Suboptimal nitrogen availability is a primary constraint for crop production in low-input agroecosystems, while nitrogen fertilization is a primary contributor to the energy, economic, and environmental costs of crop production in high-input agroecosystems. In this article we consider avenues to develop crops with improved nitrogen capture and reduced requirement for nitrogen fertilizer.
ScopeIntraspecific variation for an array of root phenotypes has been associated with improved nitrogen capture in cereal crops, including architectural phenotypes that colocalize root foraging with nitrogen availability in the soil; anatomical phenotypes that reduce the metabolic costs of soil exploration, improve penetration of hard soil, and exploit the rhizosphere; subcellular phenotypes that reduce the nitrogen requirement of plant tissue; molecular phenotypes exhibiting optimized nitrate uptake kinetics; and rhizosphere phenotypes that optimize associations with the rhizosphere microbiome. For each of these topics we provide examples of root phenotypes which merit attention as potential selection targets for crop improvement. Several cross-cutting issues are addressed including the importance of soil hydrology and impedance, phenotypic plasticity, integrated phenotypes, in silico modeling, and breeding strategies using high throughput phenotyping for co-optimization of multiple phenes.
ConclusionsSubstantial phenotypic variation exists in crop germplasm for an array of root phenotypes that improve nitrogen capture. Although this topic merits greater research attention than it currently receives, we have adequate understanding and tools to develop crops with improved nitrogen capture. Root phenotypes are underutilized yet attractive breeding targets for the development of the nitrogen efficient crops urgently needed in global agriculture.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Plasticity", "Marschner Review", "Nitrogen", "Physiology", "Nitrogen; Root; Anatomy; Architecture; Soil; Crop breeding; Root phenotyping; Modeling; Rhizosphere; Plasticity; Physiology", "Modeling", "Root phenotyping", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Root", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Architecture", "Rhizosphere", "Crop breeding", "Anatomy", "FOS: Civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06301-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-023-06301-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-023-06301-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-023-06301-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-024-06691-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-02", "title": "Changes in soil microbiota alter root exudation and rhizosphere pH of the gypsum endemic Ononis tridentata L.", "description": "Closed AccessThis work was supported by the Spanish Government [MICINN, CGL2015-71360-P and PID2019-111159GB-C31], and by European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 [H2020-MSCA-RISE-777803 GYPWORLD]. LP was funded by fellowship FSE-Arag\u00f3n 2014-2020 by Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n, Spain; J.M.I. was supported by Project \u201cCLU-2019-05 \u2013 IRNASA/CSIC Unit of Excellence\u201d, funded by the Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n and co-financed by the European Union (ERDF \u201cEurope drives our growth\u201d), JPF and SP were supported by Reference Groups S74_23R and E03_23R, respectively (Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n, Spain).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Gypsum soils", "Ononis tridentata", "15. Life on land", "Soil microbiota", "Rhizobox", "6. Clean water", "Rhizosphere acidification", "Seedling root"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06691-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-024-06691-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-024-06691-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-024-06691-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-06", "title": "Evidence for preservation of organic carbon interacting with iron in material displaced from retrogressive thaw slumps: Case study in Peel Plateau, western Canadian Arctic", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0016-7061", "keywords": ["Mineral-organic carbon interactions; Retrogressive thaw slumps; Mass wasting; Peel Plateau; Iron", "Retrogressive thaw slumps", "13. Climate action", "Mass wasting", "Iron", "Peel Plateau", "Mineral-organic carbon interactions", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-28", "title": "Fine-tuning root exudation sampling procedures\u2013 evaluating the effect of sampling solution volume and the suitability of Micropur as microbial activity inhibitor", "description": "Abstract Background and aimRoot exudates are the main drivers of plant-microbes-soil interactions. There are several approaches to collect root exudates, but critical methodological evaluation remains limited. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the applied sampling solution volume and to test the suitability of Micropur as microbial activity inhibitor during the exudate sampling process.
MethodsUsing Zea mays L. as model plant and the soil-hydroponic hybrid exudate sampling approach, we tested the effect of different sampling solution volumes and different Micropur concentrations on maize root exudation. Additionally, a sterile hydroponic-only experiment was conducted to monitor potential effects of Micropur on maize physiology. Photometric and LC-TOF-MS analyses were used to reveal the effect of different conditions on root exudation and plant stress response.
ResultsOur results demonstrated that both, the sampling volume as well as the presence or absence of microbial activity inhibitor can significantly affect obtained exudation results. Carbon exudation rates were underestimated when using a small sampling volume relative to the root biomass. Even though the overall C exudation was minimally affected by microbial degradation, the addition of Micropur (\uffe2\uff89\uffa5 5\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0L\uffe2\uff88\uff921) significantly reduced the decomposition of 14C citric acid. Maize plants did not show any stress symptoms upon exposure to different concentrations of MP but root membrane permeability and exudation were negatively affected when using MP concentrations >5\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffc2\uffa0L\uffe2\uff88\uff921.
ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of thoroughly evaluating experimental procedures and delivers relevant insights supporting future experimental designs targeting root exudates.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-024-06630-w"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-024-06756-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-01", "title": "CH4 transport in wetland plants under controlled environmental conditions \u2013 separating the impacts of phenology from environmental variables", "description": "Abstract Background and AimsMethane (CH4) fluxes at peatland plant surfaces are net results of transport of soil-produced CH4 and within-plant CH4 production and consumption, yet factors and processes controlling these fluxes remain unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of seasonality, environmental variables, and CH4 cycling microbes on CH4 fluxes from characteristic fen species.
MethodsFour species (Carex rostrata, Menyanthes trifoliata, Betula nana, Salix lapponum) were selected, and their CH4 fluxes determined in climate-controlled environments with three mesocosms per growing season per species. Microbial genes for CH4 cycling were analysed to check the potential for within-plant CH4 production and oxidation. Two extra experiments were conducted: removal of C. rostrata leaves to identify how leaves constrain CH4 transport, and a labelling experiment with S. lapponum to distinguish between plant-produced and soil-produced CH4 in the plant flux.
ResultsAll species showed seasonal variability in CH4 fluxes. Higher porewater CH4 concentration increased fluxes from C. rostrata and M. trifoliata, decreased fluxes from S. lapponum, and did not affect fluxes from B. nana. Air temperature only and negatively affected CH4 flux from C. rostrata. Light level did not impact CH4 fluxes. Both methanogens and methanotrophs were detected in shoots of S. lapponum and M. trifoliata, methanotrophs in B. nana, and neither in C. rostrata.
ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the seasonal phase of the plants regulates the CH4 fluxes they mediate across species. The detection of methanogens and methanotrophs in herbs and shrubs suggests that microbial processes may contribute to their CH4 fluxes.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "metanotrofit", "varvut", "Herbs", "11831 Plant biology", "metaani", "Environmental sciences", "Controlled environments", "Microbes", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phenology", "suot", "Plant-mediated CH fluxes", "suokasvillisuus", "Shrubs", "metanogeenit", "sarat"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06756-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-024-06756-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-024-06756-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-024-06756-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-19", "title": "No saturation of soil carbon under long-term extreme manure additions", "description": "Abstract Background and aimsAccording to the carbon (C) saturation concept, the capacity of soils to accumulate stabilized organic C is limited by the number of binding sites on mineral surfaces. The concept and its application are highly debated. Therefore, we aimed at testing this theory using field experimental data.
MethodsSoils were sampled from four long-term field experiments with different amounts of organic fertilisation going up to extreme high C inputs (20\uffc2\uffa0Mg C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) five times higher than in common agricultural practice. Soils were fractionated by particle size to obtain sand-sized, coarse silt and fine silt plus clay fractions.
ResultsWe found a linear relation between C input and soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) even with vast amounts of organic C inputs to the soil at three experimental sites. Across all experiments, C stocks in the sand-sized fraction increased on average by 146%, whereas C stocks in the fine silt plus clay fraction (<\uffe2\uff80\uff8920\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5m) increased by just 17% without distinct saturation behaviour. The C sequestration efficiency (amount of C retained as SOC per amount of C input) tended to increase with initial SOC content which is not in line with the saturation theory.
ConclusionThe experiments were subject to C inputs via organic fertilisation that would and should rarely be reached in agricultural practice due to negative side effects. Even under these artificial conditions experiments did not show a distinct saturation behaviour.
Initial SOC stocks or SOC in the mineral-associated fraction did not appear to limit the potential of soils to sequester additional SOC. It can be concluded that C sequestration is mainly limited by the availability of C inputs from biomass.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-024-07146-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-13", "title": "Variable-rate nitrogen fertilization of winter wheat under high spatial resolution", "description": "Variable-rate application (VRA) addresses in-field variation in soil nitrogen (N) availability and crop response, and as such is a tool for more effective site-specific management. This study assessed the performance of a VRA system for on-the-go delivery of granular fertilizer in 7-m wide and 200-m long strips of a 2.4-ha wheat field. A randomized complete block design consisted of three treatment strips (a preplant uniform application of 100\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha, a preplant\u00a0+\u00a0in-season uniform farmer rate of 212\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha and a preplant\u00a0+\u00a0in-season VRA) within four blocks. The VRA prototype consisted of Crop Circle ACS-430 active canopy sensors, a GeoScout X data logger that processed the geospatial data to convey a real-time N rate signal (1\u00a0Hz) to a Gandy Orbit Air 66FSC spreader through a Raven SCS 660 controller. Crop monitoring included analysis of in-season soil and plant samples, water balance and grain yield. VRA delivered an economic optimum N rate using 72% less in-season N or 38% less total N (131\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha) than that applied by the farmer (212\u00a0kg\u00a0N/ha). The reduction of total N inputs came about without any yield losses and translated to 58% N-use efficiency in comparison to 44% of the farmer practice and 52% of the preplant control. VRA also provided a much higher revenue over fertilizer costs, \u20ac68/ha and \u20ac118/ha higher than the preplant control and the farmer practice, respectively. The return of VRA per unit of N was equal to that of the large preplant application due to low leaching losses. Overall, the high-resolution VRA was superior in terms of environmental benefits and profitability with the least uncertainty to the farmer.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "10. No inequality", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Precision%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11119-017-9540-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-09", "title": "Spatiotemporal normalized ratio methodology to evaluate the impact of field-scale variable rate application", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Variable rate application", "Precision irrigation management", "Normalized relative comparison index", "Performance measures", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Stem water potential", "Variability", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Precision%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11119-022-09877-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-024-10120-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-05", "title": "How do spatial scale and seasonal factors affect thermal-based water status estimation and precision irrigation decisions in vineyards?", "description": "AbstractThe crop water stress index (CWSI) is widely used for assessing water status in vineyards, but its accuracy can be compromised by various factors. Despite its known limitations, the question remains whether it is inferior to the current practice of direct measurements of \uffce\uffa8stem of a few representative vines. This study aimed to address three key knowledge gaps: (1) determining whether \uffce\uffa8stem (measured in few vines) or CWSI (providing greater spatial representation) better represents vineyard water status; (2) identifying the optimal scale for using CWSI for precision irrigation; and (3) understanding the seasonal impact on the CWSI-\uffce\uffa8stem relationship and establishing a reliable \uffce\uffa8stem prediction model based on CWSI and meteorological parameters. The analysis, conducted at five spatial scales in a single vineyard from 2017 to 2020, demonstrated that the performance of the CWSI- \uffce\uffa8stem model improved with increasing scale and when meteorological variables were integrated. This integration helped mitigate apparent seasonal effects on the CWSI-\uffce\uffa8stem relationship. R2 were 0.36 and 0.57 at the vine and the vineyard scales, respectively. These values rose to 0.51 and 0.85, respectively, with the incorporation of meteorological variables. Additionally, a CWSI-based model, enhanced by meteorological variables, outperformed current water status monitoring at both vineyard (2.5\uffc2\uffa0ha) and management cell (MC) scales (0.09\uffc2\uffa0ha). Despite reduced accuracy at smaller scales, water status evaluation at the management cell scale produced significantly lower \uffce\uffa8stem errors compared to whole vineyard evaluation. This is anticipated to enable more effective irrigation decision-making for small-scale management zones in vineyards implementing precision irrigation.The evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. Debittering of lupin seeds has a long history; however, the control of the level of alkaloids after processing the seeds is typically only evaluated by changes in the bitter taste. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile and residual levels of quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) in (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) after aqueous debittering process. Samples from 10 ecotypes from different areas of Peru were analyzed before and after the process. Based on results obtained by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, from eight alkaloids identified before the debittering process, only small amounts of lupanine (avg. 0.0012\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) and sparteine (avg. 0.0014\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) remained in the seeds after the debittering process, and no other alkaloids were identified. The aqueous debittering process reduced the content of alkaloids to levels far below the maximal level allowed by international regulations (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.2\uffc2\uffa0g/kg DM).
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Lupin Seeds", "Sparteine", "Organic chemistry", "Propiedades fisicoqu\u00edmicas", "Plant Science", "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", "Evolution and Nutritional Properties of Lupin Seeds", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Food science", "Per\u00fa", "03 medical and health sciences", "Deshidrataci\u00f3n acuosa", "Alkaloids", "Secado", "Tarwi", "https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.01", "Granos", "Composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica", "ta116", "Biology", "Ecotipos", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecotype", "2. Zero hunger", "Original Paper", "0303 health sciences", "Rendimiento", "Procesamiento", "Evaluaci\u00f3n", "ta1183", "An\u00e1lisis organol\u00e9ptico", "ta1182", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "Diversity and Applications of Cyperus Species", "Lupinus", "Chocho", "Chemistry", "Contenido proteico", "Evolution and Ecology of Endophyte-Grass Symbiosis", "Taste", "Seeds", "Lupinus mutabilis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Foods%20for%20Human%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-006-9000-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-18", "title": "Algorithms For Sensor-Based Redistribution Of Nitrogen Fertilizer In Winter Wheat", "description": "Several methods were developed for the redistribution of nitrogen (N) fertilizer within fields with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) based on plant and soil sensors, and topographical information. The methods were based on data from nine field experiments in nine different fields for a 3-year period. Each field was divided into 80 or more subplots fertilized with 60, 120, 180 or 240\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121. The relationships between plot yield, N application rate, sensor measurements and the interaction between N application and sensor measurements were investigated. Based on the established relations, several sensor-based methods for within-field redistribution of N were developed. It was shown that plant sensors predicted yield at harvest better than soil sensors and topographical indices. The methods based on plant sensors showed that N fertilizer should be moved from areas with low and high sensor measurements to areas with medium values. The theoretical increase in yield and N uptake, and the reduced variation in grain protein content resulting from the application of the above methods were estimated. However, the estimated increases in crop yield, N-uptake and reduced variation in grain protein content were small.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-006-9000-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Precision%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11119-006-9000-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11119-006-9000-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11119-006-9000-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-11", "title": "Georeferenced tractor wheel slip data for prediction of spatial variability in soil physical properties", "description": "The upcoming technological breakthrough in the cropping system will offer a more detailed insight into soil-to-plant, man-to-soil, and man-to-plant impacts, thus improving the forecasting and ensuring more efficient in-field management. This study presents various on-the-go sensing procedures which were conducted in order to evaluate the quality of spatial estimations of soil physical properties such as soil compaction, soil moisture content, bulk density and texture. Standard statistical tools showed high positive correlations between soil specific resistance and soil compaction (R2\u2009=\u2009.75), soil electromagnetic conductivity and moisture content (R2\u2009=\u2009.72) and tractor wheel slip and soil compaction (R2\u2009=\u2009.64). Variogram modeling of spatial autocorrelation gave the highest prediction error for tillage resistance (9.85%), followed by cone index (4.49%), moisture content (3.7%), bulk density (1.39%), clay\u2009+\u2009silt content (.98%), soil electromagnetic conductivity (.95%) and the least error was obtained for tractor wheel slip (.58%). The Central Composite Design (CCD) analysis confirmed significant contribution of soil compaction in the modeling of the specific soil resistance and tractor wheel slip, while soil moisture content and fine particle (clay\u2009+\u2009silt) content had a major impact on soil electromagnetic conductivity measurement. Soil bulk density had considerable importance in CCD modeling of tractor wheel slip.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "General Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Precision%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11119-022-09977-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-08", "title": "Opportunities for variable rate application of nitrogen under spatial water variations in rainfed wheat systems\u2014an economic analysis", "description": "AbstractIn fields of undulating topography, where rainfed crops experience different degrees of water stress caused by spatial water variations, yields vary spatially within the same field, thus offering opportunities for variable rate application (VRA) of nitrogen fertilizer. This study assessed the spatial variations of yield gaps caused by lateral flows from high to low points, for rainfed wheat grown in C\uffc3\uffb3rdoba, Spain, over six consecutive seasons (2016\uffe2\uff80\uff932021). The economic implications associated with multiple scenarios of VRA adoption were explored through a case study and recommendations were proposed. Both farm size (i.e., annual sown area) and topographic structure impacted the dynamics of investment returns. Under current policy-price conditions, VRA adoption would have an economic advantage in farms similar to that of the case study with an annual sown area greater than 567\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Nevertheless, current trends in energy prices, transportation costs and impacts on both cereal prices and fertilizers costs enhance the viability of VRA adoption for a wider population of farm types. The profitability of adopting VRA improves under such scenarios and, in the absence of additional policy support, the minimum area for adoption of VRA decreases to a range of 68\uffe2\uff80\uff93177\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. The combination of price increases with the introduction of an additional subsidy on crop area could substantially lower the adoption threshold down to 46\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921, making VRA technology economically viable for a much wider population of farmers.25 years of age) had more than 2-fold higher SOC densities than in shortgrass steppe soils, while having similar densities to Baltimore turf grass soils. By contrast, the native soils of Baltimore were almost 2-fold higher than the native steppe grass soils of Denver using SOC densities of remnant forests as representative of native soils in the Baltimore region. These results supported our hypothesis that turf grass systems will be similar in SOC densities across regional variations in climate, parent material, and topography. These similarities are apparently due to greater management efforts in the Denver region to offset the constraint of climate, i.e., anthropogenic factors (management supplements) overwhelmed native environmental factors that control SOC storage.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Richard V. Pouyat, Ian D. Yesilonis, Nancy Golubiewski,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-008-0059-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Urban%20Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11252-008-0059-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11252-008-0059-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11252-008-0059-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-05-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-011-0467-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-10", "title": "Effects Of Organic Amendments On Soil Carbon Sequestration In Paddy Fields Of Subtropical China", "description": "Purpose Although organic amendments have been recommended as one of the practices for crop production and soil carbon sequestration, little has been done to evaluate soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics following long-term application of organic amendments. The objective of this research were to (1) assess the effect of long-term organic amendments on SOC dynamics in rice-based systems; (2) evaluate the relationship between soil carbon sequestration and carbon input based on various mineral and organic fertilization treatments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0467-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-011-0467-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-011-0467-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-011-0467-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11252-015-0502-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-17", "title": "The Effects Of Landscape Cover On Surface Soils In A Low Density Residential Neighborhood In Baltimore, Maryland", "description": "Previous studies at the scale of a city have shown that surface soil nutrients, pH, and soil organic matter (SOM) can vary by land cover, land use, and management. This study was conducted in Baltimore County, Maryland, to quantify the differences in characteristics of soil in a residential neighborhood and adjacent forest patch sampling at a fine scale. The first objective was to compare soil characteristics in a residential neighborhood among ecotope types of forest, lawn, and planting beds that were underlain by the same parent material and thus only differed in plant cover. Another objective was to examine differences in soil properties of lawn soils that differed in age by 10 years. The final objective was to quantify the variation of these residential and forest soils. Composite soil samples from the surface to a depth of 5 cm were taken from planting beds and lawns from 50 residences and an adjacent forest patch. Results showed that the forest soil had 30 % more SOM and was more acidic than lawn soil. Conversely, Mg, P, K, and Ca were 47 to 67 % lower in forest compared to lawn soils even though both soils developed from similar parent materials. For the residential lawns, the older development had significantly higher concentration of soil P. There was also a difference between front and back lawns where front lawns had 26 and 10 % higher concentrations of Ca and Mg, respectively, and a higher pH than the back lawns. Finally, the variation of soil characteristics of all areas sampled, from lowest to highest was pH < SOM < K < Mg < Ca < P. Results of this study suggest that anthropogenic factors appear to overwhelm natural soil forming factors in suburban residential areas in the Baltimore metropolitan area and these differences appear to increase with time.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-015-0502-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Urban%20Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11252-015-0502-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11252-015-0502-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11252-015-0502-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11434-009-0164-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-23", "title": "Factors Affecting Potassium Fixation In Seven Soils Under 15-Year Long-Term Fertilization", "description": "Potassium (K) fixation by seven soils, including black soil, fluvo-aquic soil, grey desert soil, loess soil, paddy soil, red soil and purple soil, was determined by laboratory simulation under a fifteen-year-period of long-term fertilization. Factors affecting soil K fixation were then discussed by factor analysis and stepwise regression. Magnitude of soil K fixation rate was as follows: the black soil > the purple soil > the loess soil > the fluvo-aquic soil > the paddy soil > the grey desert soil > the red soil. Our results showed that soil K fixation capacity was significantly affected by the clay mineral types in the soils. Potassium fixation capacity of soils, whose 2:1 layer silicates were dominant minerals, was affected by two components extracted by the method of principal component analysis: the first including soil available K, slow available K and K+ saturation, and the second including cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM) and <0.002 mm clay contents. Potassium fixation rate was mainly affected by K+ saturation and CEC with lower added K concentration (from 0.4 to 1.6 g/L), and by K+ saturation and <0.002 mm clay content with higher added K concentration (from 2.4 to 4.0 g/L).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0164-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11434-009-0164-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11434-009-0164-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11434-009-0164-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-012-0571-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-02", "title": "Biochars Immobilize Soil Cadmium, But Do Not Improve Growth Of Emergent Wetland Species Juncus Subsecundus In Cadmium-Contaminated Soil", "description": "Purpose An addition of biochar mixed into the substrate of constructed wetlands may alleviate toxicity of metals such as cadmium (Cd) to emergent wetland plants, leading to a better performance in terms of pollutant removal from wastewater. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of biochars on soil Cd immobilization and phytoavailability, growth of plants, and Cd concentration, accumulation, and translocation in plant tissues in Cd-contaminated soils under waterlogged conditions. Materials and methods A glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochars derived from different organic sources (pyrolysis of oil mallee plants or wheat chaff at 550 \u00b0C) with varied application amounts (0, 0.5, and 5 % w/w) on mitigating Cd (0, 10, and 50 mg kg \u22121 ) toxicity to Juncus subsecundus under waterlogged soil condition. Soil pH and CaCl2/EDTA-extractable soil Cd were determined before and after plant growth. Plant shoot number and height were monitored during the experiment. The total root length and dry weight of aboveground and belowground tissues were recorded. The concentration of Cd in plant tissues was determined. Results and discussion After 3 weeks of soil incubation, pH increased and CaCl2-extractable Cd decreased significantly with biochar additions. After 9 weeks of plant growth, biochar additions significantly increased soil pH and electrical conductivity and reduced CaCl2-extractable Cd. EDTAextractable soil Cd significantly decreased with biochar additions (except for oil mallee biochar at the low application rate) in the high-Cd treatment, but not in the low-Cd treatment. Growth and biomass significantly decreased with Cd additions, and biochar additions did not significantly improve plant growth regardless of biochar type or application rate. The concentration, accumulation, and translocation of Cd in plants were significantly influenced by the interaction of Cd and biochar treatments. The addition of biochars reduced Cd accumulation, but less so Cd translocation in plants, at least in the low-Cd-contaminated soils. Conclusions Biochars immobilized soil Cd, but did not improve growth of the emergent wetland plant species at the early growth stage, probably due to the interaction between biochars and waterlogged environment. Further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.", "keywords": ["15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-012-0571-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-012-0571-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-012-0571-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-012-0571-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11255-019-02331-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-19", "title": "Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in Jehovah\u2019s Witness patients", "description": "To evaluate if HoLEP is a viable option for male patients with medication-refractory urinary symptoms due to an enlarged prostate who are surgical candidates, but do not accept blood product transfusion.Between August 2008 and March 2019, nine Jehovah's Witness patients were undergoing HoLEP for relief of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary retention. We described change in hemoglobin, change in PSA, enucleated prostate weight, enucleation and morcellation times, length of stay, and postoperative retention rate.The average age was 71.4\u00a0years (range 53-87). Urinary retention requiring catheterization was present in seven patients (78%). Two patients had a known diagnosis of prostate cancer preoperatively. The mean preoperative PSA on average was 21.6\u00a0ng/dL. Patients had a wide range of gland sizes, with a mean enucleated weight of 141\u00a0g (range 18-344\u00a0g). Mean reduction in hemoglobin was 16.9% following HoLEP. All patients managed to void postoperatively. All but one patient went home on postoperative day 1, and this patient went home on postoperative day 2. No patients required blood product transfusion or return to the operating room for clot irrigation postoperatively.HoLEP is a reasonable option for Jehovah's Witness and other patients with contraindications to blood product transfusion requiring surgical management of urinary symptoms due to enlarged prostate.", "keywords": ["Male", "Blood Loss", " Surgical", "Prostate", "Prostatic Hyperplasia", "Lasers", " Solid-State", "Organ Size", "Urinary Retention", "3. Good health", "03 medical and health sciences", "Outcome and Process Assessment", " Health Care", "Postoperative Complications", "0302 clinical medicine", "Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms", "Humans", "Laser Therapy", "Urinary Catheterization", "Jehovah's Witnesses", "Aged"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ashraf Selim, Charles U. Nottingham, Nadya E. York, Casey A. Dauw, Michael S. Borofsky, Ronald S. Boris, James E. Lingeman,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-019-02331-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Urology%20and%20Nephrology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11255-019-02331-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11255-019-02331-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11255-019-02331-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11258-005-2141-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-06-15", "title": "Effects Of Fire Recurrence In Quercus Coccifera L. Shrublands Of The Valencia Region (Spain): Ii. Plant And Soil Nutrients", "description": "The consequences of fire recurrence (1, 2 and 3 fires in 16 years) on plant and soil C, N, P and K from Quercus coccifera garrigues were analysed in the Valencia Region (E Spain). Plant and forest floor (L horizon) nutrient concentrations either changed weakly or showed no change with fire recurrence. At the soil surface (0-2.5 cm), soil potential mineralisable nitrogen increased and available P decreased after an initial increase, whereas exchangeable K was not affected by successive fires. However, the significance of those observed trends for N and P was site-dependent. Despite the rapid formation of the L soil horizon, fire recurrence did not permit the development of the whole forest floor profile observed in the unburned garrigues. These organic layers contained a great proportion of the total nutrient pool, especially for N. Forest-floor and aboveground plant combustion by fire may produce significant losses of N and P compared with those available in mineral soil, whereas soil exchangeable K is large enough to replace these losses. Belowground nutrient reserves may account for the quick recovery of the Quercus coccifera aboveground biomass although successive fires could deplete these reserves and produce a loss of biomass and productivity in this species.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-005-2141-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11258-005-2141-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11258-005-2141-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11258-005-2141-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11258-005-9031-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-27", "title": "Plant Performance In A Warmer World: General Responses Of Plants From Cold, Northern Biomes And The Importance Of Winter And Spring Events", "description": "During the past three decades the Earth has warmed with a rate unprecedented during the past 1000 years. There is already ample evidence that this fast climate warming has affected a broad range of organisms, including plants. Plants from high-latitude and high-altitude sites ('cold biomes') are especially sensitive to climate warming. In this paper we (1) review the response in the phenology of plants, changes in their range and distribution, soil nutrient availability, and the effects on the structure and dynamics of plant communities for cold, northern biomes; and (2) we show, by using data from an ongoing snow and temperature manipulation experiment in northern Sweden, that also winter and spring events have a profound influence on plant performance. Both long-term phenological data sets, experimental warming studies (performed in summer or year-round), natural gradient studies and satellite images show that key phenological events are responsive to temperature increases and that recent climate warming does indeed lead to changes in plant phenology. However, data from a warming and snow manipulation study that we are conducting in northern Sweden show that plants respond differently to the various climatic scenarios that we had imposed on these species and that especially winter and spring events have a profound impact. This indicates that it is necessary to include several scenarios of both summer and winter climate change in experimental climate change studies, and that we need detailed projections of future climate at a regional scale to be able to assess their impacts on natural ecosystems. There is also ample evidence that the range shift of herbs and shrubs to more northern regions is for the vast majority of species mainly caused by changes in the climate. This is in line with the observed 'up-greening' of northern tundra sites. These rapid northern shifts in distribution of plants as a result of climate warming may have substantial consequences for the structure and dynamics of high-latitude ecosystems. An analysis of warming studies at 9 tundra sites shows that heating during at least 3 years increased net N-mineralization from 0.32\u00b10.31 (SE) g N m", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-005-9031-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11258-005-9031-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11258-005-9031-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11258-005-9031-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11258-006-9222-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-09", "title": "Water And Nitrogen Addition Differentially Impact Plant Competition In A Native Rough Fescue Grassland", "description": "We examined how water and nitrogen addition and water\u2013nitrogen interactions affect root and shoot competition intensity and competition\u2013productivity relationships in a native rough fescue grassland in central Alberta, Canada. Water and nitrogen were added in a factorial design to plots and root exclusion tubes and netting were used to isolate root and shoot competition on two focal species (Artemisia frigida and Chenopodium leptophyllum). Both water and nitrogen were limiting to plant growth, and focal plant survival rates increased with nitrogen but not water addition. Relative allocation to root biomass increased with water addition. Competition was almost entirely belowground, with focal plants larger when released from root but not shoot competition. There were no significant relationships between productivity and root, shoot, or total competition intensity, likely because in this system shoot biomass was too low to cause strong shoot competition and root biomass was above the levels at which root competition saturates. Water addition had few effects on the intensity of root competition suggesting that root competition intensity is invariant along soil moisture gradients. Contrary to general expectation, the strength of root competition increased with nitrogen addition demonstrating that the relationship between root competition intensity and nitrogen is more complex than a simple monotonic decline as nitrogen increases. Finally, there were few interactions between nitrogen and water affecting competition. Together these results indicate that the mechanisms of competition for water and nitrogen likely differ.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-006-9222-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11258-006-9222-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11258-006-9222-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11258-006-9222-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-10T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2350&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2350&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2300", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=TE&offset=2400", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 21741, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:28:12.792895Z"}