{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-24", "title": "Distribution Of Metals In The Edible Plants Grown At Jajmau, Kanpur (India) Receiving Treated Tannery Wastewater: Relation With Physico-Chemical Properties Of The Soil", "description": "The implications of metal contamination of agricultural soils due to long term irrigation with treated industrial wastewater and their subsequent accumulation in the vegetables/crops growing on such soils has been assessed in an area of industrial complex, Jajmau, Kanpur (India). Physico-chemical properties of the soil were also studied. The soil and vegetables/crops were sampled from an area of 2100 acre agricultural land and analyzed for physico-chemical properties and metal accumulation in different parts of the plants. The comparison of the data of physico-chemical properties of control and contaminated soil showed that salinity, electrical conductivity, available phosphorous, sodium and potassium content (both water soluble and exchangeable) were found high in contaminated soil. The analysis of plant available metal content in the soil showed the highest level of Fe, which ranged from 529.02 to 2615 microg g(-1) dw and lowest level of Ni (3.12 to 10.51 microg g(-1) dw). The analysis of the results revealed that accumulation of toxic metal Cr in leafy vegetables was found more than fruit bearing vegetables/crops. Thus, it is recommended that the leafy vegetables are unsuitable to grow in such contaminated sites. It is important to note that toxic metal, Ni was not detected in all the plants. The edible part of the vegetables (under ground) such as, garlic (19.27 microg g(-1) dw), potato (11.81 microg g(-1) dw) and turmeric (20.86 microg g(-1) dw) has accumulated lowest level of toxic metal, Cr than leafy and fruit bearing vegetables. In some fruit part of vegetables such as, bitter gourd, egg plant, jack tree, maize and okra, the accumulation of Cr was not detected and may be grown in this area.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "India", "Industrial Waste", "Tanning", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Water Purification", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plants", " Edible", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "K. Bhatt, Sarita Sinha, Kunwar P. Singh, Kavita Pandey, Amit K. Gupta, U. N. Rai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Monitoring%20and%20Assessment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10661-006-5036-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-10", "title": "Tannic acid promotes ion release of copper oxide nanoparticles: Impacts from solution pH change and complexation reactions", "description": "The increasing number of applications in which copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are used, may lead to potential release of CuO NPs into the environment. However, the impact of natural organic matters on the behavior and fate of CuO NPs in aquatic media is still largely unknown. In this study, the dissolution and aggregation of CuO NPs under the exposure of tannic acid (TA) were monitored over a period of 72\u00a0h, with a focus on assessing the contributions of solution pH changes and complexation reactions. Results showed that the total amount of Cu2+ released from CuO NPs increased in the presence of TA especially at the highest TA concentration of 73.5\u00a0\u03bcmol/L. Although TA was observed to wrap around the CuO NPs, the aggregation of CuO NPs was not strongly influenced by TA and by the solution pH as investigated in this study. The kinetics of Cu2+ release were fitted using the modified pseudo second-order model and the rate of dissolution was assessed to be highest at TA\u00a0=\u00a014.7\u00a0\u03bcmol/L. At pH\u00a0=\u00a04, the increased H+ concentration was responsible for increased Cu2+ release, whereas the complexation reaction between Cu2+ and TA dominated at pH\u00a0=\u00a07. These findings suggested that the effects of TA on the dissolution of CuO NPs were a combination of solution pH change and complexation reaction, the relative fractions of which also depended on the solution pH. Additionally, the percentage of Cu2+ released from the CuO NPs was found to increase upon decreasing concentrations of CuO NPs. Our work helps to further understand how and to which extent natural organic matters affect the behavior and fate of CuO NPs.", "keywords": ["0211 other engineering and technologies", "Metal Nanoparticles", "Oxides", "02 engineering and technology", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Kinetics", "13. Climate action", "Tannins", "Copper", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s1751731108001791", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-04-15", "title": "Effect Of The Tropical Tannin-Rich Shrub Legumes Calliandra Calothyrsus And Flemingia Macrophylla On Methane Emission And Nitrogen And Energy Balance In Growing Lambs", "description": "Open AccessISSN:1751-7311", "keywords": ["Brachiaria; methane; ruminants; tannins; Vigna", "ruminants", "tannins", "methane", "Vigna", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Brachiaria", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SF1-1100", "Animal culture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tiemann, T. T., Lascano, C. E., Wettstein, H.-R, Mayer, A. C., Kreuzer, M., Hess, H. D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1751731108001791"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Animal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s1751731108001791", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s1751731108001791", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s1751731108001791"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-23", "title": "Furanolysis with Menthofuran: A New Depolymerization Method for Analyzing Condensed Tannins", "description": "An improved analytical depolymerization method for characterizing condensed tannins was developed with menthofuran (3,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran) as the nucleophilic trapping reagent. Herein, menthofuran was compared with routinely used nucleophiles, phloroglucinol and 2-mercaptoethanol. At 30 \u00b0C and in the presence of 0.1 M HCl, menthofuran displayed the outstanding ability to enable the fast and full depolymerization of procyanidin B2 using only a 1:1 molar ratio of both reactants. Under the same conditions, phloroglucinol and 2-mercaptoethanol led to a reaction equilibrium with significantly lower conversion yields. Application to commercial tannin extracts showed that a menthofuran-to-extract weight ratio of 1 gave the same yields of procyanidin constitutive units as 10-fold higher molecular equivalent phloroglucinol and 100-fold 2-mercaptoethanol. Finally, guidelines for implementing the menthofuran depolymerization method are proposed to assess the tannin content and composition of extracts as well as of plant materials without prior extraction.", "keywords": ["[CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry", "m\u00e9thode analytique", "Ing\u00e9nierie des aliments", "Menthofuran", "Analytical method", "01 natural sciences", "Catechin", "Chemistry Techniques", " Analytical", "Polymerization", "[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry", "Food engineering", "Biflavonoids", "Condensed tannins", "Proanthocyanidins", "tanin", "Plant Extracts", "UHPLC-DAD-MS", "540", "6. Clean water", "0104 chemical sciences", "furane", "Furylated flavonoids", "Monoterpenes", "flavono\u00efde", "Furan derivatives", "d\u00e9polym\u00e9risation", "Tannins", "Depolymerization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497"}, {"href": "https://hal.science/hal-02295527/file/Billerach_postprint_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20and%20Food%20Chemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497", "name": "item", "description": "10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-04-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-04", "title": "Plant roots increase both decomposition and stable organic matter formation in boreal forest soil", "description": "Abstract

Boreal forests are ecosystems with low nitrogen (N) availability that store globally significant amounts of carbon (C), mainly in plant biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Although crucial for future climate change predictions, the mechanisms controlling boreal C and N pools are not well understood. Here, using a three-year field experiment, we compare SOM decomposition and stabilization in the presence of roots, with exclusion of roots but presence of fungal hyphae and with exclusion of both roots and fungal hyphae. Roots accelerate SOM decomposition compared to the root exclusion treatments, but also promote a different soil N economy with higher concentrations of organic soil N compared to inorganic soil N accompanied with the build-up of stable SOM-N. In contrast, root exclusion leads to an inorganic soil N economy (i.e., high level of inorganic N) with reduced stable SOM-N build-up. Based on our findings, we provide a framework on how plant roots affect SOM decomposition and stabilization.

", "keywords": ["roots", "0106 biological sciences", "330", "Nitrogen", "Science", "ta1171", "Hyphae", "Models", " Biological", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "Soil", "POLYPHENOLS", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "soil organic matter", "Taiga", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SUGAR MAPLE", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "forest ecology", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "TANNINS", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "MYCORRHIZA", "Q", "ta1182", "Forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Environmental sciences", "NITROGEN", "Boreal forests", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "106022 Microbiology", "ta1181", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "COMMUNITIES", "STORAGE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-11993-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-019-11993-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Chemistry And Decomposition Of Litter From Populus Tremuloides Michaux Grown At Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Varying N Availability", "description": "Summary

It has been hypothesized that greater production of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in foliage grown under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) will result in higher concentrations of defensive compounds in tree leaf litter, possibly leading to reduced rates of decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems of the future. To evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2on litter chemistry and decomposition, we performed a 111 day laboratory incubation with leaf litter of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichaux) produced at 36\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa and 56\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa CO2and two levels of soil nitrogen (N) availability. Decomposition was quantified as microbially respired CO2and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil solution, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates, N, carbon (C), and condensed tannins were monitored throughout the incubation. Growth under elevated atmospheric CO2did not significantly affect initial litter concentrations of TNC, N, or condensed tannins. Rates of decomposition, measured as both microbially respired CO2and DOC did not differ between litter produced under ambient and elevated CO2. Total C lost from the samples was 38\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as respired CO2and 138\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff88\uff921litter as DOC, suggesting short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term pulses of dissolved C in soil solution are important components of the terrestrial C cycle. We conclude that litter chemistry and decomposition in trembling aspen are minimally affected by growth under higher concentrations of CO2.

", "keywords": ["Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "carbohydrates", "Quaking aspen", "forest-soil", "litter-plant", "nitrogen", "nitrogen-", "Microlysimeter", "soil-chemistry", "cycling-", "populus-tremuloides", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Soil Carbon", "Microbiology of soils", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "chemical-composition", "Organic-matter", "soil-solution", "nutrient-availability", "Tannin", "leaf-litter", "Science", "decomposition-", "Nutrient enrichment", "Carbohydrates", "carbohydrates-", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nitrogen in soil", "michigan-", "carbon sinks", "C", "Nutrient budget of forests", "Litter", "Populus tremuloides", "Global Change", "tannins-", "Decomposition", "forest-litter", "Foliage", "Carbon dioxide effects on forest litter", "Climatic changes", "15. Life on land", "carbon-nitrogen-ratio", "Forest litter decomposition", "N Ratio", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial-activities", "nitrogen-content"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00388.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/00039420215633", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:18:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-02", "title": "Rumen Fermentation And Nitrogen Balance Of Lambs Fed Diets Containing Plant Extracts Rich In Tannins And Saponins, And Associated Emissions Of Nitrogen And Methane", "description": "Tannins were added to experimental diets at levels of 1 and 2 g/kg DM (hydrolysable tannins; Castanea sativa wood extract) and saponins at 2 and 30 mg/kg DM (sarsaponin; Yucca schidigera extract). These levels were far below thresholds expected to be adverse in ruminants. Effects were measured in lambs by comparison with unsupplemented control diets calculated to be either deficient (10%) or adequate in protein. The diets consisted of hay, concentrate (1:1) and extra wheat starch with increasing body weight. Ruminal pH, VFA concentration, protozoa count and apparent digestibilities of organic matter and fibre did not differ among treatments. The low tannin dose significantly decreased bacteria count compared to the high saponin dose. Saponin supplementation and the high tannin dose showed some potential to reduce ruminal ammonia concentration. This was associated with weak trends towards lower urine N excretion (only tannins) and ammonia emission from manure. Methane release was increased by the low tannin dose compared to the unsupplemented control. Diet effects on heat production were not systematic. In conclusion, the extracts rich in tannins or saponins gave only slight indications for either increased body nitrogen retention or reduced nitrogen emission. However, effects might have been larger with more pronounced dietary protein deficit.", "keywords": ["Male", "2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "Sheep", "Dose-Response Relationship", " Drug", "Nitrogen", "Plant Extracts", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Saponins", "Fatty Acids", " Volatile", "Animal Feed", "6. Clean water", "Fermentation", "Animals", "Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena", "Digestion", "Dietary Proteins", "Methane", "Tannins"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Michael Kreuzer, B.J. Sliwinski, A. Machm\u00fcller, H. R. Wettstein,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/00039420215633"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Archiv%20f%C3%BCr%20Tierernaehrung", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/00039420215633", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/00039420215633", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/00039420215633"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2656979", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-21", "title": "Genotypic Variation For Condensed Tannin Production In Trembling Aspen (Populs Tremuloides, Salicaceae) Under Elevated Co2 And In High- And Low-Fertility Soil", "description": "

The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis suggests that leaf carbon to nitrogen ratios influence the synthesis of secondary compounds such as condensed tannins. We studied the effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide on carbon to nitrogen ratios and tannin production. Six genotypes of Populus tremuloides were grown under elevated and ambient CO2 partial pressure and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertility soil in field open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers in northern lower Michigan, USA. During the second year of exposure, leaves were harvested three times (June, August, and September) and analyzed for condensed tannin concentration. The carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis was supported overall, with significantly greater leaf tannin concentration at high CO2 and low soil fertility compared to ambient CO2 and high soil fertility. However, some genotypes increased tannin concentration at elevated compared to ambient CO2, while others showed no CO2 response. Performance of lepidopteran leaf miner (Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella) larvae feeding on these plants varied across genotypes, CO2, and fertility treatments. These results suggest that with rising atmospheric CO2, plant secondary compound production may vary within species. This could have consequences for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93herbivore and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interactions and for the evolutionary response of this species to global climate change.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Salicaceae", "genotype", "plant\u2013herbivore interaction", "Phyllonorycter-tremuloidiella", "Quaking aspen", "01 natural sciences", "plant-composition", "tannin", "nitrogen-", "carbon-dioxide: elevation-", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "Spermatophytes-", "Spermatophyta-", "genotypic-variation", "Population-Genetics (Population-Studies)", "2. Zero hunger", "carbon-", "Climatology- (Environmental-Sciences)", "Angiosperms-", "Angiospermae-", "Plants-", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "Populus-tremuloides", "plant-pests", "climate-change", "genetic-variation", "forest-trees", "condensed tannins", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Vascular-Plants", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "Nutrition-", "genotypes-", "Phyllonorycter tremuloidiella", "Populus-tremuloides [trembling-aspen] (Salicaceae-)", "soil-fertility", "Populus tremuloides", "Salicaceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Biology", "Plantae-", "global change", "tannins-", "condensed-tannin: production-", "foliage-", "forest-pests", "Tannic acid", "Metabolism-", "Botany", "carbon dioxide", "forest-soils", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "climate-", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Dicots-", "insect-pests"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Donald R. Zak, Jennifer L Mansfield, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Peter S. Curtis, Peter S. Curtis,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2656979", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2656979", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2656979"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.c85gk", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:32Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Plant-soil interactions shape the identity and persistence of soil organic carbon in invaded ecosystems: implication for legacy effects", "description": "unspecified1. Introduced, invasive plants can alter local soil chemistry and microbial communities, but the underlying mechanisms and extent of these changes are largely unknown. Based on characteristics associated with invasiveness in plants, it was hypothesized that introduced species that produce large amounts of litter with distinctive secondary compounds can a) alter the chemistry of both extractable and bulk carbon in the soil, b) shift microbial communities towards microbes better able to metabolize the compounds in the litter, and c) cause soil carbon chemistry and microbial communities to shift to relatively uniform, novel states at multiple sites. 2. Composition of phenolics in senescent tissues (leaves and roots) of Polygonum cuspidatum was compared to the composition of extractable phenolics and non-extractable bulk organic carbon in soils under and adjacent to large, long-established stands of P. cuspidatum at four sites in the eastern U.S. Rates of degradation of phenolics, activities of enzymes associated with the breakdown of phenolics, and shifts in microbial community composition were also measured at the sites. 3. Soils under P. cuspidatum stands contained twice as much phenolics as adjacent soils, but the composition of phenolics differed greatly between soils under stands and senescent tissues of P. cuspidatum. Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins constituted >90% of the identified phenolics in P. cuspidatum tissues, whereas monophenolic compounds accounted for > 90% of the phenolics in soils under stands. Soils under and adjacent to stands also exhibited distinctive compositions of relatively persistent bulk organic carbon; composition differed less between soils under stands at different sites than between soils under and adjacent to stands at the same site. 4. Soils under P. cuspidatum had 2.8 times greater abundance of fungi than soils adjacent to stands, and fungal markers showed clear separation of soils under and adjacent to P. cuspidatum. However, the potential activity of enzymes that degrade polyphenols was lower in soils under stands. Exogenously applied chemically complex polyphenols persisted in both P. cuspidatum invaded and adjacent non-invaded soils, whereas less complex compounds rapidly disappeared from both soils. 5. Synthesis. Results suggest that interactions between plant inputs, abiotic reactions, and biotic transformations may create and maintain new states in invaded soils that are chemically and biologically less diverse. In the case of polyphenol rich, fast growing invasive species, these interactions may alter the composition of bulk soil organic matter that has slower turnover rates, resulting in legacy effects. Restoration could thus require, not just removal of the species, but also post-removal interventions such as soil amendments.", "keywords": ["Flavonoids", "Peroxidases", "Mass spectrometry", "tannins", "Fallopia japonica", "Japanese knotweed", "Reynoutria japonica", "Polyphenols", "home-field advantage", "Legacy effect", "15. 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