Soil biopore genesis is a dynamic and context-dependent process. Yet integrative investigations of biopore genesis under varying soil type, tillage and vegetation history are rare. Recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) made faster and more accurate image analysis possible. We validated a model trained on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using a multisite dataset from varying soil types (Luvisol, Cambisol and Kandosol), tillage (deep ploughing and without deep ploughing) and vegetation history (taprooted and fibrous-rooted crops) to automatically predict biopore formation. The model trained on the multisite dataset outperformed individually trained single-site models, especially when the dataset contained images with noise and/or fewer biopores. Our model successfully replicated previously established treatment effects but provided new insights at more detailed scales and for different pore-size classes. These insights demonstrated that effects of deep ploughing on soil biopores can persist for more than 50 years and are more pronounced on the Luvisol rather than the Cambisol soil type. The effects of perennial fodder crops with high biopore generating capacity were also shown to persist for at least a decade. re-growing the same fodder crops or a mixture with grass had no further impact on biopore density but generated a shift in pore-size classes from large to smaller biopores. We suspect this is likely to have resulted from three possible scenarios; (1) newly created fine pores (1\u20134 mm); (2) blockage of large-sized pores by earthworm faeces; (3) decrease in pore diameter. In summary, by using a single robust model trained on the multisite dataset, we were able to generate new insights on pore-size distribution as affected by site, vegetation, and deep ploughing. We have demonstrated that Deep Learning-based image analysis can provide easier biopore quantification and can generate models that provide novel insights across different research settings consistently and accurately.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "AI", "RootPainter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Convolutional neural network", "Perennial crops", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Deep tillage", "Subsoil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116072", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-26", "title": "Long-term adoption of reduced tillage and green manure improves soil physicochemical properties and increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria in a Mediterranean rainfed almond orchard", "description": "Open AccessSoil health and function is one of the most important components for sustainable management of woody orchards. Intensive use of machinery and tillage creates heavy pressure on agroecosystems by altering the soil physicochemical and biological characteristics. In this study we aimed to assess the changes in soil physicochemical properties and the soil bacterial community structure, as well as the main drivers involved in shifts in the microbial community following 10 years implementing reduced tillage and reduced tillage plus green manure in a rainfed Mediterranean almond orchard. The treatments were: i) conventional tillage (CT); ii) reduced tillage (RT); and iii) reduced tillage and diversification with Avena sativa and Vicia sativa (RTD). After ten years, the results showed that the different managements had no significant effect on almond yields. RTD significantly increased total organic carbon (TOC), with an average content of 19.5 g kg\u22121 compared to 17.1 g kg\u22121 in CT. RTD also contributed to an increase in the fraction of soil macro-aggregates. Both RT and RTD significantly increased soil total nitrogen (NT) and particulate organic carbon (POC). However, other physical and chemical variables such as exchangeable Ca, Mg and K, bioavailable Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, wilting point and field capacity were not significantly affected by the management. The bacterial community significantly changed with management: RTD showed a higher relative abundance of the family Solirubrobacteraceae and the genera Streptomyces and Solirubrobacter. The bacterial community structure was explained by changes in TOC, POC, pH, and NT values. Thus, a combination of reduced tillage and green manure could represent an appropriate sustainable management for rainfed almond orchards in very fragile environmental conditions, due to an increase in soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and the higher presence of beneficial bacteria related to soil productivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "2417 Biolog\u00eda Vegetal (Bot\u00e1nica)", "Fisiolog\u00eda Vegetal", "Crop diversification", "Bot\u00e1nica", "Green manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sustainable management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-11", "title": "Soil structural indicators as predictors of biological activity under various soil management practices", "description": "Soil structure is a key feature in controlling the turnover of organic matter in soils. The spatial arrangement of solids and pores in agricultural topsoil can be actively influenced by management practices, such as tillage and cropping systems, which in turn can affect the resident microbial communities and their activities. However, carbon mineralisation and microbial activity are usually measured in sieved samples, which provides information on gross potentials under optimal conditions. Under these conditions, the spatial heterogeneities that are specific to different management practices are reduced or totally removed. In this study, we combined X-ray computer tomography (X-ray CT) and isothermal calorimetry to investigate the effect of soil structure on heat dissipation, as an indicator of biological activity. Samples were collected from the topsoil of a long-term field experiment (12\u00a0years) that included four different land uses: conventional vs. reduced tillage, each with either maize or winter wheat as the main crop in the rotation. We compared the response of undisturbed soil cores (3\u00a0cm in height, 2.7\u00a0cm in diameter) to the addition of water and glucose in specific pore sizes, ranging in radii of 15 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m or 3 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m. The pore structure and indicators of particulate organic material were quantified using X-ray CT with a voxel resolution of 15\u00a0\u00b5m. This allowed us to distinguish between the effects of crop rotation and tillage regime on biological activity, soil structure and the feedback between the two. Heat dissipation correlated significantly with X-ray CT derived porosity, pore surface density and soil matrix grey value, all of which were affected by both tillage regime and crop rotation. Heat dissipation in maize plots after glucose addition to the pore size range with radii of 3 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m was greater than in the winter wheat systems, but not when added to the pore size range with radii of 15 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m. The study showed that structural indicators can explain up to 81\u00a0% and 95\u00a0% of the variance in total heat dissipation after glucose and water addition, respectively, but only 60\u00a0% of the heat dynamics, here defined as the time taken for 50\u00a0% of total heat to be dissipated. The results emphasise the importance of soil structure in regulating microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and warrants further investigations.", "keywords": ["X-ray CT", "Crop rotation", "Biological activity", "Science", "Soil structure", "Q", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Soil Science", "Tillage regime", "Micro-habitat", "Calorimetry"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/37077/1/leuther-f-et-al-20250508.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-25", "title": "In-depth analysis of soil management and farmers\u2019 perceptions of related risks in two olive grove areas in southern Spain", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). This manuscript presents a questionnaire-based study aimed to provide a detailed analysis on the different soil management carried out by olive farmers in two representative olive-growing areas in southern Spain (Cordoba and Estepa), their perceptions on cover crop use and the possible influence of the different types of farms and farmers\u2019 typologies on these perceptions. Our results show a relatively large variability of soil management, with fourteen options, as a result of a combination of different alternatives for bare soil and cover crops with the use or not of pruning residues, but with a great similarity between both areas. The results indicate a high adoption of soil conservation measures in the two study areas, with 63% of farmers using cover crops and 80% a mulch of pruning residues, higher than that reported in previous studies in Southern Spain, and a trend of lower use of these techniques by less experienced and younger farmers. This high penetration of soil conservation measures resulted in a significant reduction of soil erosion risk, as indicated by the relatively low values for the cover and management factor (C) of RUSLE, also calculated and presented in this study, but also the possibility of focusing further efforts on farmers with less experience. Our results indicate the persistence of a minor, but relevant, percentage of farmers using bare soil management (37%) and no mulching (20%), with a moderate concern on the impact of soil erosion on soil degradation and provision of ecosystem services. This suggests the need to concentrate efforts also on this cluster of farmers to enhance the success of what seems to be a remarkable expansion of the use of soil conservation measures in recent decades in Southern Spain, but also in similar areas in the Mediterranean basin. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), AGL2015-65036-C3-1-R and PID2019-105793RB-I00 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU-FEDER funds, as well as by the cooperative agreement between the DOP Estepa and the University of Cordoba. All this support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cover crops", "Questionnaire", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "Olive yield", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "TA1-2040", "Irrigation", "Erosion risk"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.07.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-03", "title": "Towards a better understanding of pathways of multiple co-occurring erosion processes on global cropland", "description": "Soil erosion is a complex process involving multiple natural and anthropic agents, causing the deterioration of multiple components comprising soil health. Here, we provide an estimate of the spatial patterns of cropland susceptibility to erosion by sheet and rill, gully, wind, tillage, and root crops harvesting and report the co-occurrence of these processes using a multi-model approach. In addition, to give a global overview of potential future changes, we identify the locations where these multiple concurrent soil erosion processes may be expected to intersect with projected dry/wet climate changes by 2070. Of a modelled 1.48 billion hectares (B ha) of global cropland, our results indicate that 0.56\u00a0B\u00a0ha (\u223c36% of the total area) are highly susceptible (classes 4 and 5) to a single erosion process, 0.27\u00a0B\u00a0ha (\u223c18% of the total area) to two processes and 0.02\u00a0B\u00a0ha (1.4% of the total area) to three or more processes. An estimated 0.82\u00a0B\u00a0ha of croplands are susceptible to possible increases in water (0.68\u00a0B\u00a0ha) and wind (0.14\u00a0B\u00a0ha) erosion. We contend that the presented set of estimates represents a basis for enhancing our foundational knowledge on the geography of soil erosion at the global scale. The generated insight on multiple erosion processes can be a useful starting point for decision-makers working with ex-post and ex-ante policy evaluation of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land) activities. Scientifically, this work provides the hitherto most comprehensive assessment of soil erosion risks at the global scale, based on state-of-the-art models.", "keywords": ["550", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "multi-model approach", "pobiranje pridelka", "water", "Wind", "Modelling", "Gully", "Tillage", "modelling", "modeliranje", "11. Sustainability", "jarkovna erozija", "wind", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/631.4", "2. Zero hunger", "Multi-model approach", "Modelling; Multi-model approach; Water; Wind; Gully; Tillage; Crop harvesting", "500", "Water", "15. Life on land", "multi-modelski pristop", "Crop harvesting", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "gully", "13. Climate action", "veter", "voda", "tillage", "crop harvesting", "TA1-2040", "erozija zaradi obdelave tal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.07.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.07.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.07.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.07.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-28", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Assessment Of Soybean Production: Implications Of Land Use Change And Different Cultivation Systems", "description": "Abstract The increase in soybean production as a source of protein and oil is being stimulated by the growing demand for livestock feed, food and numerous other applications. Significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can result from land use change due to the expansion and cultivation of soybean. However, this is complex to assess and the results can vary widely. The main goal of this article is to investigate the life-cycle GHG balance for soybean produced in Latin America, assessing the implications of direct land use change emissions and different cultivation systems. A life-cycle model, including inventories for soybean produced in three different climate regions, was developed, addressing land use change, cultivation and transport to Europe. A comprehensive evaluation of alternative land use change scenarios (conversion of tropical forest, forest plantations, perennial crop plantations, savannah and grasslands), cultivation (tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage) and soybean transportation systems was undertaken. The main results show the importance of land use change in soybean GHG emissions, but significant differences were observed for the alternative scenarios, namely 0.1\u201317.8\u00a0kg\u00a0CO2eq\u00a0kg\u22121 soybean. The original land choice is a critical issue in ensuring the lowest soybean GHG balance and degraded grassland should preferably be used for soybean cultivation. The highest GHG emissions were calculated for tropical moist regions when rainforest is converted into soybean plantations (tillage system). When land use change is not considered, the GHG intensity varies from 0.3 to 0.6\u00a0kg CO2eq\u00a0kg\u22121 soybean. It was calculated that all tillage systems have higher GHG emissions than the corresponding no-tillage and reduced tillage systems. The results also show that N2O emissions play a major role in the GHG emissions from cultivation, although N2O emission calculations are very sensitive to the parameters and emission factors adopted.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "05 social sciences", "15. Life on land", "Land conversion", "Carbon footprint", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Tillage", "12. Responsible consumption", "Carbon stocks", "13. Climate action", "0502 economics and business", "11. Sustainability", "Life cycle assessment (LCA)", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cleaner%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jterra.2005.04.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-07-06", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Systems On Compaction And Crop Yield Of Albic Luvisol In Croatia", "description": "This four -year experiment was conducted in north-west Slavonia to evaluate the effects of different tillage systems on compaction of silty loam soil (Albic Luvisol). The compared tillage systems were: (1) conventional tillage (CT), (2) conservation tillage (CM), (3) no-tillage (NT), and the crop rotation was corn-(Zea mays L.)- winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-corn-winter wheat. For detecting the soil compaction, bulk density and penetration resistance were measured during the growing seasons. In all seasons and tillage systems, the bulk density and penetration resistance increased with depth and the greatest increase from surface to the deepest layer in average was observed at CT system. The bulk density and penetration resistance increased at all tillage systems during the experiment, but the greatest increase was also observed at CT system. The greatest bulk density (1.66 Mg m3) and the greatest increase of 6.4% were observed at CT system in the layer 30-35 cm. In the first season, the bulk density was the gratest at NT system, but during the experiment the lowest average increase of 1.9% was observed at this system. The greatest penetration resistance of all measurements (5.9 MPa) was observed in the last season at CT system in depth of 40 cm. The lowest average increase of penetration resistance 11.4% was also observed at NT system. The highest yield of corn in the first season was achieved with CT system while in the other seasons the highest yield of winter wheat and corn was achieved with CM system.", "keywords": ["Soil compaction. penetration resistance; tillage systems; silty loam; corn; winter wheat", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "silty loam", "corn", "Soil compaction. penetration resistance", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "tillage systems", "01 natural sciences", "winter wheat"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dubravko Filipovi\u0107, Zlatko Gospodari\u0107, Stjepan Husnjak, Silvio Ko\u0161uti\u0107,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jterra.2005.04.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Terramechanics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jterra.2005.04.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jterra.2005.04.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jterra.2005.04.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-09", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Managements On Soil Rapidly Available Nutrient Content And The Yield Of Winter Wheat In West Henan Province, China", "description": "AbstractIn order to study the effects of different tillage management on soil rapidly available nutrient content and the yield of winter wheat, four treatments of once deep plowing tillage (DT), no tillage (NT), subsoiling tillage (ST) and conventional tillage (CT) were conducted in field. The results showed that conservation tillage can improve soil nutrient content. Soil alkali-hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium content were outstandingly advanced under ST and NT compared with CT, and the effect of ST was better than that of NT. In contrast to CT, available potassium content was evidently increased under DT treatment. Compared with CT, the grain yield of NT and ST was increased by 10.22% and 9.26% respectively.", "keywords": ["Winter wheat", "2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Yield", "Dryland area", "Soil nutrient", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Youjunkdlyj@sina.com, Li, Ming, Huang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Procedia%20Environmental%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-13", "title": "Tillage And Crop Residue Management Methods Had Minor Effects On The Stock And Stabilization Of Topsoil Carbon In A 30-Year Field Experiment", "description": "We studied the effects of tillage and straw management on soil aggregation and soil carbon sequestration in a 30-year split-plot experiment on clay soil in southern Finland. The experimental plots were under conventional or reduced tillage with straw retained, removed or burnt. Wet sieving was done to study organic carbon and soil composition divided in four fractions: 1) large macroaggregates, 2) small macroaggregates, 3) microaggregates and 4) silt and clay. To further estimate the stability of carbon in the soil, coarse particulate organic matter, microaggregates and silt and clay were isolated from the macroaggregates. Total carbon stock in the topsoil (equivalent to 200 kg m(-2)) was slightly lower under reduced tillage (5.0 kg m(-2)) than under conventional tillage (5.2 kg m(-2)). Reduced tillage changed the soil composition by increasing the percentage of macroaggregates and decreasing the percentage of microaggregates. There was no evidence of differences in the composition of the macroaggregates or carbon content in the macroaggregate-occluded fractions. However, due to the higher total amount of macroaggregates in the soil, more carbon was bound to the macroaggregate-occluded microaggregates in reduced tillage. Compared with plowed soil, the density of deep burrowing earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) was considerably higher under reduced tillage and positively associated with the percentage of large macroaggregates. The total amount of microbial biomass carbon did not differ between the treatments. Straw management did not have discernible effects either on soil aggregation or soil carbon stock. We conclude that although reduced tillage can improve clay soil structure, generally the chances to increase topsoil carbon sequestration by reduced tillage or straw management practices appear limited in cereal monoculture systems of the boreal region. This may be related to the already high C content of soils, the precipitation level favoring decomposition and aggregate turnover in the winter with topsoil frost.", "keywords": ["lierot", "olki", "hiili", "01 natural sciences", "630", "soil aggregation", "kevennetty maanmuokkaus", "soil carbon", "particulate organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "stubble management", "reduced tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "viljelymaa", "ta4111", "15. Life on land", "kasvinviljely", "13. Climate action", "microbial biomass carbon", "mikro-organismit", "maan rakenne", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Kasvintuotanto", "orgaaninen aines", "earthworm activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-23", "title": "Microaggregate-Associated Carbon As A Diagnostic Fraction For Management-Induced Changes In Soil Organic Carbon In Two Oxisols", "description": "Abstract Carbon stabilization by macroaggregate-occluded microaggregates (Mm) has been proposed as a principal mechanism for long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in temperate alternative agricultural and (af)forested systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of the Mm fraction for long-term C stabilization in Oxisols and to validate its diagnostic properties for total SOC changes upon changes in land use. Soil samples were taken from the 0\u20135 and 5\u201320\u00a0cm soil layers of native forest vegetation (NV), conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems at an experimental site near Passo Fundo and one near Londrina in Southern Brazil. After aggregate-size separations by wet-sieving, macroaggregate-occluded water-stable microaggregates (53\u2013250\u00a0\u03bcm) (Mm) were isolated from large (>2000\u00a0\u03bcm) and small (>250\u00a0\u03bcm) macroaggregates. Particulate organic matter located inside the Mm (intra-Mm-POM) and the mineral fraction ( \u22122 ) among different land use systems were always accompanied by parallel Mm-C stock differences. Though total SOC did not differ among land use systems in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth at both sites, Mm-C stocks were greater under NT compared to the CT treatment in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth at the Londrina site. We concluded that in these highly weathered tropical soils the Mm-C fraction is a more responsive fraction to management changes than total SOC and represents a diagnostic fraction for present as well as potential total SOC changes upon land-use change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "C sequestration", "No-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Microaggregates", "Forest", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Oxisols", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-17", "title": "Physical, Chemical, And Biochemical Mechanisms Of Soil Organic Matter Stabilization Under Conservation Tillage Systems: A Central Role For Microbes And Microbial By-Products In C Sequestration", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Aggregates", "Soil organic matter", "No-tillage", "Microbial biomass", "Organo-mineral complexes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "C sequestrartion", "NMR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-13", "title": "Soil suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum in ten European long-term field experiments and its relation with soil parameters", "description": "Soil suppressiveness to pathogens is defined as the capacity of soil to regulate soil-borne pathogens. It can be managed by agricultural practices, but the effects reported so far remain inconsistent. Soil suppressiveness is difficult to predict and for this reason different soil properties have been linked to it with the aim to find informative indicators, but these relationships are not conclusive. The objectives of this study were i) to test if soil suppressiveness is affected by long-term agricultural management such as tillage and organic matter (OM) addition; ii) to understand the direct and indirect relationships between soil suppressiveness and labile organic carbon fractions; and iii) to understand the relationship between soil suppressiveness and other chemical, physical and biological soil quality indicators. We measured soil suppressiveness with a bioassay using Pythium ultimum - Lepidium sativum (cress) as a model system. The bioassay was performed in soils from 10 European long-term field experiments (LTEs) which had as main soil management practices tillage and/or organic matter addition. We found that the site had a stronger influence on soil suppressiveness than agricultural practices. Reduced tillage had a positive effect on the suppressive capacity of the soil across sites using an overall model. Organic farming and mineral fertilization increased soil suppressiveness in some LTEs, but no overall effect of OM was found when aggregating the LTEs. Soil suppressiveness across LTEs was linked mainly to microbial biomass and labile carbon in the soil, but not to total soil organic matter content. From structural equation modelling (SEM) we conclude that labile carbon is important for the maintenance of an abundant and active soil microbial community, which is essential for the expression of soil suppressiveness. However, soil suppressiveness could only partly (25%) be explained by the soil parameters measured, suggesting that other mechanisms contribute to soil suppressiveness such as the presence and the activity of specific bacterial and fungal taxa with high biocontrol activity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Labile organic carbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cress bioassay", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pythium ultimum", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality parameters", "Soil suppressiveness", "Soil management effects", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.11.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-01-18", "title": "Soil Co2 Efflux Following Rotary Tillage Of A Tropical Soil", "description": "Abstract Stopping the increase of atmospheric CO 2 level is an important task and information on how to implement adjustments on tillage practices could help lower soil CO 2 emissions would be helpful. We describe how rotary tiller use on a red latosol affected soil CO 2 efflux. The impact of changing blade rotation speed and rear shield position on soil CO 2 efflux was investigated. Significant differences among treatments were observed up to 10 days after tillage. Cumulative CO 2 efflux was as much as 40% greater when blade rotation of 216\u00a0rpm and a lowered rear shield was compared to blade rotation of 122\u00a0rpm and raised shield. This preliminary work suggests that adjusting rotary tiller settings could help reduce CO 2 efflux close to that of undisturbed soil, thereby helping to conserve soil carbon in tropical environments.", "keywords": ["Soil management", "soil tillage systems", "rotary tiller", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil CO2 efflux", "soil respiration", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.11.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.11.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.11.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.11.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-01-27", "title": "Change In Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In Soil Under 13 Years Of Conventional Or Zero Tillage In Southern Brazil", "description": "The objective of this study was to determine in a long-term experiment (13 years) the effect of three different crop rotations (R1: wheat (Triticum aestivum)\u2013soybean (Glycine max), R2: wheat\u2013soybean\u2013vetch (Vicia villosa)\u2013maize (Zea mays), and R3: wheat\u2013soybean\u2013oat (Avena sativa)\u2013soybean\u2013vetch\u2013maize) under zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) on the stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) in a clayey Oxisol soil of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. At the end of 13 years, soil samples were taken to a depth of 100 cm, and analysed for bulk density, chemical composition and 13 C natural abundance. Under a continuous sequence of wheat (winter) and soybean (summer) the stock of soil organic C to 100 cm depth under ZT (168 Mg ha \u22121 ) was not significantly different (LSD at P = 0.05 of 11 Mg ha \u22121 ) to that under CT (168 Mg ha \u22121 ). However, in the rotations with vetch planted as a winter green-manure crop (R2 and R3), soil C stocks were approximately 17 Mg ha \u22121 higher under ZT than under CT. Between 46 and 68% of this difference occurred at 30\u201385 cm depth. The 13 C abundance data indicated that under ZT the decomposition of the original native SOM was not affected by the different composition of crops in the different rotations, but under CT the rotations R2 and R3, which included vetch and maize, stimulated the decay of the original native SOM compared to the continuous wheat/soybean sequence (R1). It appears that the contribution of N2 fixation by the leguminous green manure (vetch) in the cropping system was the principal factor responsible for the observed C accumulation in the soil under ZT, and that most accumulated C was derived from crop roots. \u00a9 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Soil nutrients", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "Carbon-13", "Green manure crops", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Crop rotations", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "Zero tillage", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Field Scale", "Conservation tillage", "Tillage methods", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sisti, C. P. J., dos Santos, H. P., Kohhann, R., Alves, B. J. R., Urquiaga, S., Boddey, R. M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.03.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-10", "title": "No Tillage And Crop Rotation Effects On Soil Aggregation And Organic Carbon In A Rhodic Ferralsol From Southern Brazil", "description": "Abstract In Brazil, no tillage (NT) is a soil conservation practice now widely adopted by farmers, including smallholders. The effect of NT and conventional tillage (disc ploughing followed by two light disc harrowings, CT) was investigated on the aggregation properties of a clayey Rhodic Ferralsol from southern Brazil under different crop rotations. The same soil type under secondary forest was used as reference. Macro- and microaggregate classes were separated by wet sieving using a series of eight sieves (8, 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.053\u00a0mm) at four sampling layers (0\u20135, 5\u201310, 10\u201320, 20\u201330\u00a0cm). The soil in general had high structural stability. At 0\u20135\u00a0cm, meanweight diameter (MWD, 11.1\u00a0mm) and total organic C in macroaggregates (TOC, 39\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 soil) were highest for the forest soil. Soil under NT had a more similar distribution of aggregate size classes and TOC to the forest soil than CT. The most pronounced difference between tillage systems was observed in the surface soil layer (0\u20135\u00a0cm). In this layer, NT had higher aggregate stability (AS NT : 96%; AS CT : 89%), had higher values of aggregate size distribution (MWD NT : 7.9\u00a0mm, MWD CT : 4.3\u00a0mm), and had on average 28% greater TOC in all aggregate size classes than CT. Soil under NT had greater TOC in macroaggregates (NT: 22\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 ; CT: 13\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 ). Crop rotation did not have a significant effect on soil aggregate distribution and TOC. By increasing macroaggregation NT increased organic carbon accumulation in soil.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil", "Subtropical climate", "Subtropics", "Forest soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Field Scale", "Conservation tillage", "Soil aggregate distribution"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.03.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.03.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.03.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.03.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-15", "title": "Soil C And N Stocks As Affected By Cropping Systems And Nitrogen Fertilisation In A Southern Brazil Acrisol Managed Under No-Tillage For 17 Years", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "N stock", "Cropping systems", "No-tillage", "C stocks", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "N fertilization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-15", "title": "Cultivation Effects On Biochemical Properties, C Storage And 15n Natural Abundance In The 0\u20135cm Layer Of An Acidic Soil From Temperate Humid Zone", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "15N", "C sequestration", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-08", "title": "Long-Term Impact Of Conservation Tillage On Stratification Ratio Of Soil Organic Carbon And Loss Of Total And Active Caco3", "description": "Open Access8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, 26 references. Thanks are due to J. Rodr\u00edguez for help with soil sampling.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Semi-arid climate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic matter", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage systems", "Soil nutrients and carbonates"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Effect Of Tillage And Crop Rotations On Pore Size Distribution And Soil Hydraulic Conductivity In Sandy Clay Loam Soil Of The Indian Himalayas", "description": "Abstract Tillage management can affect crop growth by altering the pore size distribution, pore geometry and hydraulic properties of soil. In the present communication, the effect of different tillage management viz., conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and zero-tillage (ZT) and different crop rotations viz. [(soybean\u2013wheat (S\u2013W), soybean\u2013lentil (S\u2013L) and soybean\u2013pea (S\u2013P)] on pore size distribution and soil hydraulic conductivities [saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K sat ) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity { k ( h )}] of a sandy clay loam soil was studied after 4 years prior to the experiment. Soil cores were collected after 4 year of the experiment at an interval of 75\u00a0mm up to 300\u00a0mm soil depth for measuring soil bulk density, soil water retention constant ( b ), pore size distribution, K sat and k ( h ). Nine pressure levels (from 2 to 1500\u00a0kPa) were used to calculate pore size distribution and k ( h ). It was observed that b values at all the studied soil depths were higher under ZT than those observed under CT irrespective of the crop rotations. The values of soil bulk density observed under ZT were higher in 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth in all the crop rotations. But, among the crop rotations, soils under S\u2013P and S\u2013L rotations showed relatively lower bulk density values than S\u2013W rotation. Average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.592, 0.610 and 0.626\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. In contrast, the average values of the volume fraction of total porosity with pores >150\u00a0\u03bcm in diameter (pores draining freely with gravity) were 0.124, 0.096 and 0.095\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under CT, MT and ZT; and 0.110, 0.104 and 0.101\u00a0m 3 \u00a0m \u22123 under S\u2013W, S\u2013L and S\u2013P, respectively. Saturated hydraulic conductivity values in all the studied soil depths were significantly greater under ZT than those under CT (range from 300 to 344\u00a0mm\u00a0day \u22121 ). The observed k ( h ) values at 0\u201375\u00a0mm soil depth under ZT were significantly higher than those computed under CT at all the suction levels, except at \u221210, \u2212100 and \u2212400\u00a0kPa suction. Among the crop rotations, S\u2013P rotation recorded significantly higher k ( h ) values than those under S\u2013W and S\u2013L rotations up to \u221240\u00a0kPa suction. The interaction effects of tillage and crop rotations affecting the k ( h ) values were found significant at all the soil water suctions. Both S\u2013L and S\u2013P rotations resulted in better soil water retention and transmission properties under ZT.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Loamy sand", "Sandy soils", "550", "Soil hydraulic conductivity", "Soybean based cropping system", "India", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pore size distribution", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "630", "6. Clean water", "Crop rotation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-04", "title": "Soil Water Retention As Affected By Tillage And Residue Management In Semiarid Spain", "description": "Abstract Conservation tillage preserves soil water and this has been the main reason for its rapid dissemination in rainfed agriculture in semiarid climates. We determined the effects of conservation versus conventional tillage on available soil water capacity (AWC) and related properties at the end of 5 years of management on a clay loam calcic soil ( Calcic Haploxerept ) in semiarid northern Spain. No-tillage with (NTSB) and without stubble burning (NT), reduced chisel-plough tillage (RT) and conventional tillage with mouldboard plough (MT) were compared in rainfed barley monoculture. Bulk density ( \u03c1 b ), organic matter content (OM), soil water retention (SWR) at matric potentials of 0 to \u22121500\u00a0kPa, and soil water content (SWC) were determined in the driest year of the 5-year study period. Soil OM in the upper 0.15\u00a0m was significantly higher (13%) under NTSB, NT and RT than under MT. Soil \u03c1 b in the upper 0.15\u00a0m under NT and NTSB was greater than under RT and MT, but at a depth of 0.15\u20130.30\u00a0m was greater under RT than under the other treatments. Reorganisation of pore sizes due to tillage treatments affected AWC. Under RT and MT the largest percentage of the total soil porosity was occupied by pores >9\u00a0\u03bcm (equivalent pore diameter), in accordance with lower \u03c1 b . Available water capacity was greater with NT than with RT and MT. Higher SWC under conservation tillage systems (NT, NTSB and RT) than under MT was attributed mainly to greater AWC and to the mulching effect of crop residues. Crop yield in the driest year of the 5-year period was lowest under MT whereas no differences among treatments were found over the 5-year period. Stubble burning did not affect AWC nor barley yield. Tillage had a greater impact on soil properties and on crop yield than crop residue management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pore-size distribution", "no-tillage", "crop management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "storage", "conservation tillage", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "root-growth", "physical-properties", "grain-yield", "organic-matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.06.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-08-12", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Systems On Soil Characteristics, Glomalin And Mycorrhizal Propagules In A Chilean Ultisol", "description": "Tillage affects the soil physical and chemical environment in which soil microorganisms live, thereby affecting their number, diversity and activity. However, soil disturbance generally has the greatest impact on biological properties, including both free and symbiotic fungal populations. Interest in more ecologically sustainable agricultural systems is rising with increasing recognition that agricultural intensification can adversely affect environmental quality. This paper discusses the effect of tillage system on some soil characteristics, such as pH, C, N and S levels, total and Olsen-P contents including some P forms associated with organic matter, glomalin contents and arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) parameters, such as root colonization, spore number and total and active hyphal length. Measurements were in the sixth year of an on-going tillage-rotation experiment conducted on an Ultisol under no-till (NT), reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage with stubble mixed into the soil (CTS) or stubble burnt (CTB). Soil was sampled at two dates; after wheat (Triticum aestivum) harvest (autumn) and 6 months after subsequent grassland seeding (spring). Higher C, N, S, total P and fulvic acid-P concentrations and pH occurred under NT and RT than under CTS and CTB after wheat harvest. However, results at the second sampling were not consistent. AM spore number and active hyphal length were highest under NT having the greatest incidence on AM root colonization and P concentration in shoots of the pasture. Glomalin concentration was higher under NT and RT than under CTS and CTB but no differences in calculated glomalin to total C (ca. 5%) were found. It is concluded that a less disruptive effect of NT influences positively all soil characteristics and also increases P acquisition by the following crop in the rotation system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "LONG-TERM TILLAGE", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Borie, Fernando, Rubio, R., Rouanet, J. L., Morales, A., Borie B., Gilda, Rojas, C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.06.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.06.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.06.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.06.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2011.10.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-23", "title": "No-Till In Northern, Western And South-Western Europe: A Review Of Problems And Opportunities For Crop Production And The Environment", "description": "Open AccessRecent literature on no-till is reviewed with particular emphasis on research on commercial uptake and environmental concerns in northern, western and south-western Europe. Increased interest in no-till, and minimum or reduced tillage, results from changes in the economic circumstances of crop production, the opportunity to increase the area of more profitable autumn-sown crops and increased concern about environmental damage associated with soil inversion by ploughing. Highly contrasting soil and climate types within and between these regions exert a strong influence on the success of no-till. While no-till may often result in crop yields which equal or exceed those obtained after ploughing, modest reductions in yield may be tolerated if production costs are lower than with ploughing. The relative costs of fuel and herbicides have changed appreciably in recent years making no-till more attractive commercially. While effective weed control is an essential aspect of no-till, current herbicide technology may not yet fully achieve this.In northern regions no-till usually allows earlier drilling of winter-sown crops but will give lower soil temperature and higher moisture content in spring, causing delayed drilling of spring-sown crops. No-till soils have greater bulk density and bearing capacity than ploughed soils with a pronounced vertical orientation of macroporosity allowing penetration of roots and water, especially in view of the increased population of deep-burrowing earthworms. Particular care must be taken with no-till to minimise soil damage at harvest and to ensure the even distribution of crop residues prior to drilling.Reduced erosion and runoff after adoption of no-till are widely observed and are of particular importance in southwestern Europe. No-till reduces losses of phosphorus in runoff and, in some cases, reduces the loss of nitrate through leaching. Emissions of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O from no-till soils are highly variable and depend on complex interactions of soil properties. Emission of CO2 from fuel during machinery usage is always appreciably reduced with no-till. Increased soil organic carbon in surface layers of no-till soils is widely found but may not be associated with increased carbon sequestration throughout the profile. The evaluation of the relative carbon balance for no-till and ploughing depends upon complex inter-relationships between soil and climate factors which are as yet poorly understood. Adoption of no-till could be encouraged by government financial assistance in recognition of environmental benefits, although future restrictions on the use of herbicides may be a deterrent. Opportunities for further research on no-till are outlined.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Zero tillage", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Western/South-western Europe", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Direct drilling", "Northern Europe", "No-till", "Ploughing", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2011.10.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2011.10.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2011.10.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2011.10.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-09", "title": "Soil Aggregation And Bacterial Community Structure As Affected By Tillage And Cover Cropping In The Brazilian Cerrados", "description": "Microbial-based indicators of soil quality are believed to be more dynamic than those based on physical and chemical properties. Recent developments in molecular biology based techniques have led to rapid and reliable tools to characterize microbial community structures. We determined the effects of conventional and no-tillage in cropping systems with and without cover crops on bacterial community structure, total organic carbon (TOC) and soil aggregation. Tillage and rotation did not affect TOC from bulk soil. However, TOC was greater in the largest aggregate size class (7.98-19 mm), and had greater mean-weight diameter under no-tillage than under conventional tillage in the 0-5 cm soil layer. Soil bacterial community structure, based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction amplified DNA (PCR/DGGE) using two different genes as biomarkers, 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, indicated different populations in response to cultivation, tillage and depth, but not due to cover cropping. Soil bacterial community structure and meanweight diameter of soil aggregates indicated alterations in soil conditions due to tillage system. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "GENES", "Cerrados", "16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "DGGE profiling", "SUSTAINABILITY", "PCR", "16S rDNA", "GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS", "MANAGEMENT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NO-TILLAGE", "HETEROGENEITY", "DGGE", "soil structure", "rpoB", "MICROBIAL DIVERSITY"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-22", "title": "Carbon Inventory For A Cereal Cropping System Under Contrasting Tillage, Nitrogen Fertilisation And Stubble Management Practices", "description": "Abstract Conservation farming practices are often considered effective measures to increase soil organic C (SOC) sequestration and/or to reduce CO 2 emissions resulting from farm machinery operation. The long-term CO 2 mitigation potentials of no-till (NT) versus conventional till (CT), stubble retention (SR) versus stubble burning (SB) and N fertilisation (NF) versus no N application (N0) as well as their interactions were examined on a Vertosol (Vertisol) in semi-arid subtropical Queensland, Australia by taking into account their impacts on SOC content, crop residue C storage, on-farm fossil fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions associated with N fertiliser application. The experimental site had been cropped with wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) or barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) with a summer fallow for 33 years. Where NT, SR or NF was applied alone, no significant effect on SOC was found in the 0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 0\u201320\u00a0cm depths. Nonetheless, the treatment effects in the 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth were interactive and maximum SOC sequestration was achieved under the NT\u00a0+\u00a0SR\u00a0+\u00a0NF treatment. Carbon storage in crop residues decreased substantially during the fallow period, to a range between 0.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 -e\u00a0ha \u22121 under the CT\u00a0+\u00a0SB\u00a0+\u00a0NF treatment and 2.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 -e\u00a0ha \u22121 under the NT\u00a0+\u00a0SR\u00a0+\u00a0N0 treatment (CO 2 -e stands for CO 2 equivalent). The cumulative fossil fuel CO 2 emission over 33 years was estimated to be 2.2\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 -e\u00a0ha \u22121 less under NT than under CT systems. Cumulative CO 2 emissions from N fertiliser application amounted to 3.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 \u00a0ha \u22121 . The farm-level C accounting indicated that a net C sequestration of 4.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 -e was achieved under the NT\u00a0+\u00a0SR\u00a0+\u00a0NF treatment, whilst net CO 2 emissions ranging from 0.5 to 6.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO 2 -e\u00a0ha \u22121 over 33 years occurred under other treatments.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "571", "550", "Greenhouse", "Nitrogen", "1904 Earth-Surface Processes", "No-till", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Stubble retention", "Tillage", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "Global change", "1111 Soil Science", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-05", "title": "Short-Term Soil Co2 Emission After Conventional And Reduced Tillage Of A No-Till Sugar Cane Area In Southern Brazil", "description": "The impact of tillage systems on soil CO2 emission is a complex issue as different soil types are managed in various ways, from no-till to intensive land preparation. In southern Brazil, the adoption of a new management option has arisen most recently, with no-tillage as well as no burning of crops residues left on soil surface after harvesting, especially in sugar cane areas. Although such practice has helped to restore soil carbon, the tillage impact on soil carbon loss in such areas has not been widely investigated. This study evaluated the effect of moldboard plowing followed by offset disk harrow and chisel plowing on clay oxisol CO2 emission in a sugar cane field treated with no-tillage and high crop residues input in the last 6 years. Emissions after tillage were compared to undisturbed soil CO2 emissions during a 4-week period by using an LI-6400 system coupled to a portable soil chamber. Conventional tillage caused the highest emission during almost the whole period studied, except for the efflux immediately following tillage, when the reduced plot produced the highest peak. The lowest emissions were recorded 7 days after tillage, at the end of a dry period, when soil moisture reached its lowest rate. A linear regression between soil CO2 effluxes and soil moisture in the no-till and conventional plots corroborate the fact that moisture, and not soil temperature, was a controlling factor. Total soil CO2 loss was huge and indicates that the adoption of reduced tillage would considerably decrease soil carbon dioxide emission in our region, particularly during the summer season and when growers leave large amounts of crop residues on the soil surface. Although it is known that crop residues are important for restoring soil carbon, our result indicates that an amount equivalent to approximately 30% of annual crop carbon residues could be transferred to the atmosphere, in a period of 4 weeks only, when conventional tillage is applied on no-tilled soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil CO2 emission", "Soils - Tillage", "13. Climate action", "no-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil respiration", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-19", "title": "Effects Of No-Tillage On Chemical Gradients And Topsoil Acidification", "description": "No-tillage is an increasing way of management for agricultural soils. The objective of this study was to identify in which extent the chemical properties of a loamy soil could be affected by no-tillage under temperate conditions. Soil chemical properties were investigated on a field subjected to either conventional or no-tillage management of maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with identical fertilization practices and no lime supply since 1970. On no-tilled soil, maize was cropped exactly on the same line every other year, which enabled soil sampling under the row and under the interrow.Tilled soil had an homogeneous ploughed horizon, whereas soil under no-tillage exhibited strong vertical gradients of pH, exchangeable cations and organic C. No-tilled soil had 11.4% greater organic C than tilled soil, and the difference was concentrated in the upper 5 cm. The proportion of exchangeable cations was highest in the interrow of no-tilled soil and lowest in tilled soil. Tilled soil contained much lower exchangeable K than no-tilled soil, indicating a difference in retention capacity of this cation. The pH of the upper 5 cm of no-tilled soil was low, probably because of surface accumulation of organic residues. Whatever the tillage system, exchangeable Al was significantly related to pH according to the relation: Al-ex = 76441 x 10(-0.99) (pH) (r(2) = 0.96; p < 0.001). An expected complexing effect of organic matter on Al was not observed, probably hidden by the influence of pH. Since yields were not negatively affected by long-term no-tillage and organic C content was higher, no-tillage appears to be a cost-saving choice for maize and wheat production under these temperate environmental conditions, as well as a way for C sequestration. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "PH", "CHIMIE MINERALE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "ORGANIC CARBON", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS", "NO TILLAGE", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "ALUMINIUM", "ACIDIFICATION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Limousin, Guillaume, Tessier, Daniel, D.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-16", "title": "Water Balance Simulation Of A Dryland Soil During Fallow Under Conventional And Conservation Tillage In Semiarid Aragon, Northeast Spain", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Tillage management", "CEMAGREF", "HHLY", "Long-fallowing", "MODELLING", "LONG-FALLOWING", "SISPAT", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Modelling", "6. Clean water", "Soil water conservation", "HHLYHYD", "WATER BALANCE", "TILLAGE MANAGEMENT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "SOIL WATER CONSERVATION", "Water balance", "ESPAGNE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.07.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:17:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-18", "title": "Tillage And Fertility Management Effects On Soil Organic Matter And Sorghum Yield In Semi-Arid West Africa", "description": "Whether it is traditional, modern or \u2018\u2018sustainable\u2019\u2019 agriculture, soil organic matter plays a key role in sustaining crop production and in preventing land degradation. A field experiment was conducted on a Ferric Lixisol at Gampela (Burkina Faso) in 2000 and 2001 to carried out the effects of tillage, fertilisation and their interaction on soil organic carbon (SOC) (0\u201310 cm), crop performance and microbial activities. Maize straw or sheep dung were applied separately or combined with urea in a till or no-till systems and compared with urea only and a control treatment. Sampling was done each year at 2 months after sowing and at harvest. SOC was increased in the tillage treatments in 2000 by 35% but only with 18% in 2001 suggesting reduced carbon accumulation in the absence of organic and mineral restitution. Ploughing in maize straw under conditions of N deficiency led to a drastic decrease in SOC due microbial priming effect that, was not observed when ploughing in sheep dung. In no-till system, losses, organic amendment N concentration and the soil N status determined the impact on SOC and crop productivity. The negative effect on SOC in the tillage treatment with maize straw (4.1 g kg \ufffd 1 ) was less when maize straw was combined with urea (6.2 g kg \ufffd 1 ). It is concluded that in semi-arid West Africa, without both organic resource and N inputs, soil organic matter \u2018\u2018pays\u2019\u2019 for crop N nutrition. Increasing SOC accumulation while improving crop yield may be conflicting under low-input agricultural systems in semi-arid West Africa. Therefore, optimum soil organic carbon and crop performance results from a judicious combination of organic resources and inorganic N mediated by microbial activity. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["sustainable land-use", "Soil nutrients", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "microbial biomass", "Crop performance", "carbon", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Tillage", "Manure", "biocidal treatments", "13. 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