{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s10725-021-00781-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-26", "title": "Drought priming alleviated salinity stress and improved water use efficiency of wheat plants", "description": "Global warming and salinization are inducing adverse efects on crop yield. Drought priming has been proved to improve drought tolerance of plants at later growth stages, however, whether and how drought priming at early growth stage alleviating salinity stress at later growth stage and improving water use efciency (WUE) of plants remains unknown. Therefore, two wheat cultivars were subjected to drought priming at the 4th and 6th leaf stage and subsequent moderate salinity stress at 100 mmol NaCl applied at the later jointing growth stage. The growth, physiological responses, ABA signaling and WUE were investigated to unravel the regulating mechanisms of drought priming on subsequent salinity stress. The results showed that drought priming imposed at the early growth stage improved the leaf and root water potential while attenuated the ABA concentration in the leaves ([ABA]<sub>leaf</sub>) for the primed plants, which increased the stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>) and photosynthesis (P<sub>n</sub>). Consequently, the biomass under the salinity stress was signifcantly increased due to earlier drought priming. Moreover, drought priming improved the specifc leaf N content due to the facilitated root growth and morphology, and this could beneft high leaf photosynthetic capacity during the salinity stress period, improving the P<sub>n</sub> and water uptake for the primed plants. Drought priming signifcantly improved plant level WUE (WUE<sub>p</sub>) due to considerably enhanced dry biomass compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress. The signifcantly increased leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C under drought priming further demonstrated that the improved leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C and WUE<sub>p</sub> was mainly ascribed to the improvement of P<sub>n</sub>. Drought primed plants signifcantly improved K+ concentration and maintained the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress, which could mitigate the adverse efects of excess Na<sup>+</sup> and minimize salt-induced ionic toxicity by improving salt tolerance for primed plants. Therefore, drought priming at early growth stage could be considered as a promising strategy for salt-prone areas to optimize agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.", "keywords": ["Triticum aestivum L", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Water stress", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Salinity tolerance", "Hormones", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "ABA", "13. Climate action", "\u03b413C"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-021-00781-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Growth%20Regulation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10725-021-00781-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10725-021-00781-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10725-021-00781-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-016-2986-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-17", "title": "Interaction Of Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilizer Application, Crop Rotation, And Tillage System On Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics", "description": "Tillage system and crop rotation influences soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N (TN), but there remains considerable uncertainty in the response of C and N dynamics to fertilizer N inputs. A long-term (11-yr) experiment on a clay loam Orthic Humic Gleysol at Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada was used to evaluate the impact of fertilizer N applications (in-season zero N (\u2212N) compared to (+N) 100 and 80\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha-1\u00a0yr.-1 to corn (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), respectively) on soil attributes. The cropping systems consisted of continuous corn (CC), corn-soybean (Glycine max L.) (C-S) and corn-soybean-wheat (C-S-W) rotations using conventional moldboard plough and no-till systems. Soil was collected from the 0\u2013120\u00a0cm profile in 5, 10, and 20\u00a0cm increments and analyzed for SOC and TN. The effect and interaction of N fertilization on soil attributes was highly dependent on crop rotation and tillage system. The gain in SOC and TN contents due to +N fertilizer was greatest (up to 31 and 57\u00a0% relative to the -N control, respectively) in the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth with the C-S-W rotation, and lowest under CC, which showed no N fertilizer effect. However, differences in SOC and TN were not confined to the surface 20\u00a0cm, as N fertilizer treatments significantly influenced the contents at 20\u201360 and 60\u2013120\u00a0cm in certain rotation and tillage systems; C-S-W was the most responsive to N fertilizer-induced SOC and TN gains. Using regression analysis, we found that higher SOC contents corresponded to lower variability in the 5-yr. mean corn yield, which suggests that the inclusion of winter wheat in a C-S rotation may have important implications for sustainable and resilient agroecosystems in humid, temperate climates.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "synthetic nitrogen fertilizer", "no-till", "soil organic matter", "Triticum aestivum", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "moldboard plow/plough conventional tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "continuous corn Zea mays", "winter wheat Triticum aestivum", "winter wheat"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2986-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-016-2986-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-016-2986-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-016-2986-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-021-04945-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-15", "title": "Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community: interplay between plant selection and location", "description": "Background Root-associated microbiomes are important for plant nutrient uptake, disease suppression and plant growth. It is important to reveal wheat-root associated microbial community assembly and dominant drivers determining their variability. Methods Using 16S rRNA gene profiling, we investigated the effects of sample type, location, growth stage and variety on prokaryotic communities in the root endosphere and rhizosphere of wheat and bulk soil based on the field samples including 5 varieties from 4 locations along similar latitude with the distance about 157 to 800 km apart between any two locations. Results Prokaryotic communities were more diverse in the bulk soil and rhizosphere than in root endosphere. Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community assembly was shaped predominantly by sample type, while within each sample type, location had stronger effects on the variation in prokaryotic community than growth stage or variety. Wheat variety effects varied substantially among different locations and growth stages in root endosphere and rhizosphere samples, and the variety effects were location-specific and growth stage-specific. Root endosphere specially enriched Pseudomonas, relative to other two sample types, while rhizosphere mainly enriched Bacillus. Conclusions This study characterized prokaryotic communities of wheat-root endosphere and rhizosphere and their relationships, and demonstrated significant interactive effects between wheat variety, location and growth stage on prokaryotic community assembly in field condition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Triticum aestivum L", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Key drivers", "Prokaryotic community", "Rhizosphere", "Endosphere", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04945-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-021-04945-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-021-04945-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-021-04945-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-12", "title": "Increased Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Under Agroforestry: A Survey Of Six Different Sites In France", "description": "Agroforestry systems are land use management systems in which trees are grown in combination with crops or pasture in the same field. In silvoarable systems, trees are intercropped with arable crops, and in silvopastoral systems trees are combined with pasture for livestock. These systems may produce forage and timber as well as providing ecosystem services such as climate change mitigation. Carbon (C) is stored in the aboveground and belowground biomass of the trees, and the transfer of organic matter from the trees to the soil can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Few studies have assessed the impact of agroforestry systems on carbon storage in soils in temperate climates, as most have been undertaken in tropical regions. This study assessed five silvoarable systems and one silvopastoral system in France. All sites had an agroforestry system with an adjacent, purely agricultural control plot. The land use management in the inter-rows in the agroforestry systems and in the control plots were identical. The age of the study sites ranged from 6 to 41 years after tree planting. Depending on the type of soil, the sampling depth ranged from 20 to 100 cm and SOC stocks were assessed using equivalent soil masses. The aboveground biomass of the trees was also measured at all sites. In the silvoarable systems, the mean organic carbon stock accumulation rate in the soil was 0.24 (0.09-0.46) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) at a depth of 30 cm and 0.65 (0.004-1.85) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) in the tree biomass. Increased SOC stocks were also found in deeper soil layers at two silvoarable sites. Young plantations stored additional SOC but mainly in the soil under the rows of trees, possibly as a result of the herbaceous vegetation growing in the rows. At the silvopastoral site, the SOC stock was significantly greater at a depth of 30-50 cm than in the control. Overall, this study showed the potential of agroforestry systems to store C in both soil and biomass in temperate regions.", "keywords": ["Juglans regia", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Lolium perenne", "culture associ\u00e9e", "adaptation aux changements climatiques", "01 natural sciences", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6455", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3660", "syst\u00e8me sylvopastoral", "p\u00e2turages", "biomasse a\u00e9rienne des arbres", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33798", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "herbage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35927", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3539", "Aboveground biomass", "Raphanus sativus", "Helianthus annuus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Alley cropping", "rotation culturale", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926", "Aboveground", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "Equivalent soil mass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4060", "Belowground biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4425", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2764", "environment/Ecosystems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1373987680230", "cycle du carbone", "570", "\u00e9levage extensif", "Triticum aestivum", "Festuca arundinacea", "Brassica", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Juglans nigra", "utilisation des terres", "arbre d'ombrage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1061", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1060", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5626", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "biomasse", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3366", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4059", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2869", "L01 - \u00c9levage - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16097", "Hordeum", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25548", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "Phacelia tanacetifolia", "K10 - Production foresti\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7951", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Sinapis alba", "Soil organic carbon storage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2010.08.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-29", "title": "The Effect Of Tillage, Crop Rotation And Residue Management On Maize And Wheat Growth And Development Evaluated With An Optical Sensor", "description": "Abstract   Crop growth and development as well as yield are the result of the efficiency of the chosen agricultural management system within the boundaries of the agro-ecological environment. End-of-season yield results do not permit the evaluation of within-season management interactions with the production environment and do not allow for full understanding of the management practice applied. Crop growth and development were measured during the 2004, 2006 and 2008 crop cycles with an optical handheld NDVI sensor for all plots of the different management treatments of a long-term (since 1991) sustainability trial in the highlands of Mexico. Cropping systems varying in (1) tillage (conventional vs. zero tillage); (2) residue management (retention vs. removal); (3) rotation (monocropping vs. a maize [ Zea mays  L.]/wheat [ Triticum aestivum  L.] rotation) were compared. The NDVI-handheld sensor was evaluated as a tool to monitor crop growth and development and was found to be an excellent tool for this purpose. There was a strong relation between NDVI and biomass accumulation of maize and wheat. The measurement with the handheld sensor was non-destructive and fast so that a representative plot area could be measured easily and time-efficiently. Zero tillage induced different crop growth dynamics over time compared to conventional tillage. Zero tillage with residue retention is characterized by a slower initial crop growth, compensated for by an increased growth in the later stages, positively influencing final grain yield. Also crop rotation influenced early crop growth, with lower NDVI values for crops sown after wheat than crops after maize. Zero tillage with residue removal had low NDVI values throughout the growing season. Zero tillage with retention of crop residues results in time efficient use of resources, as opposed to conventional tillage, regardless of residue management, and zero tillage with residue removal. The results indicated that different tillage, rotation and residue management practices influence crop growth and development. It is important to monitor and understand crop growth under different management systems to select the right varieties and adjust timing and practice of input supply (fertilizer, irrigation etc.) in a holistic way in each cropping system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation agriculture", "Ecoagriculture", "Residue management", "Triticum aestivum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Crop rotations", "Semiarid zones", "Zero tillage", "Soil conservation", "Crop growth", "Zea mays l.", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Field Scale", "Rainfed agriculture", "Ndvi hand-held sensor"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.08.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2010.08.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2010.08.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.08.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-12", "title": "Long-Term Organic Farming Fosters Below And Aboveground Biota: Implications For Soil Quality, Biological Control And Productivity", "description": "Organic farming may contribute substantially to future agricultural production worldwide by improving soil quality and pest control, thereby reducing environmental impacts of conventional farming. We investigated in a comprehensive way soil chemical, as well as below and aboveground biological parameters of two organic and two conventional wheat farming systems that primarily differed in fertilization and weed management strategies. Contrast analyses identified management related differences between \u201cherbicide-free\u201d bioorganic (BIOORG) and biodynamic (BIODYN) systems and conventional systems with (CONFYM) or without manure (CONMIN) and herbicide application within a long-term agricultural experiment (DOK trial, Switzerland). Soil carbon content was significantly higher in systems receiving farmyard manure and concomitantly microbial biomass (fungi and bacteria) was increased. Microbial activity parameters, such as microbial basal respiration and nitrogen mineralization, showed an opposite pattern, suggesting that soil carbon in the conventional system (CONFYM) was more easily accessible to microorganisms than in organic systems. Bacterivorous nematodes and earthworms were most abundant in systems that received farmyard manure, which is in line with the responses of their potential food sources (microbes and organic matter). Mineral fertilizer application detrimentally affected enchytraeids and Diptera larvae, whereas aphids benefited. Spider abundance was favoured by organic management, most likely a response to increased prey availability from the belowground subsystem or increased weed coverage. In contrast to most soil-based, bottom-up controlled interactions, the twofold higher abundance of this generalist predator group in organic systems likely contributed to the significantly lower abundance of aboveground herbivore pests (aphids) in these systems. Long-term organic farming and the application of farmyard manure promoted soil quality, microbial biomass and fostered natural enemies and ecosystem engineers, suggesting enhanced nutrient cycling and pest control. Mineral fertilizers and herbicide application, in contrast, affected the potential for top-down control of aboveground pests negatively and reduced the organic carbon levels. Our study indicates that the use of synthetic fertilizers and herbicide application changes interactions within and between below and aboveground components, ultimately promoting negative environmental impacts of agriculture by reducing internal biological cycles and pest control. On the contrary, organic farming fosters microbial and faunal decomposers and this propagates into the aboveground system via generalist predators thereby increasing conservation biological control. However, grain and straw yields were 23% higher in systems receiving mineral fertilizers and herbicides reflecting the trade-off between productivity and environmental responsibility.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "generalist predators", "respiration microbienne", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "faune du sol", "natural enemies", "alternative prey", "630", "nitrogen", "food-web", "Soil", "agriculture biologique", "cycle biologique", "herbicide", "min\u00e9ralisation de l'azote", "fertilisation organique", "fertilisation min\u00e9rale", "soil quality", "2. Zero hunger", "agriculture biodynamique", "agriculture conventionnelle", "nutrient cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "sustainability", "long terme", "6. Clean water", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "mycorrhizal fungi", "ennemi naturel", "microbial community structure", "ecosystem functioning", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "DOK trial;ecosystem functioning;farming system;fertilization;generalist predators;microbial community;nutrient cycling;natural enemies;soil fauna;soil quality;sustainability", "microbial community", "soil fauna", "agricultural systems", "management", "570", "agroecosystems", "Soil quality", "suisse", "productivit\u00e9", "Soil biology", "culture c\u00e9r\u00e9aliere", "triticum aestivum", "biomasse microbienne", "biomass", "DOK trial", "15. Life on land", "qualit\u00e9 biologique du sol", "fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Biodiversity and ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming system", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.05.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Seasonal Changes In The Response Of Winter Wheat To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Concentration Grown In Open-Top Chambers And Field Tracking Enclosures", "description": "Summary<p>Winter wheat was grown at ambient and elevated (ambient plus 350\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff80\uff931) CO2 concentrations in open top chambers and in field\uffe2\uff80\uff90tracking sun\uffe2\uff80\uff90lit climatized enclosures (elevated is 718\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff80\uff931). There was no significant effect of CO2 concentration on sheath, leaf and root biomass and leaf area in the early spring (January to April). 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h canopy CO2 exchange rate (CCER) was not significantly affected either. However, elevated CO2 concentration increased CCER at midday, decreased evapotranspiration rate and increased instantaneous water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficiency during early spring. Leaf, sheath and root nitrogen concentration per unit dry weight decreased and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration increased under elevated CO2, and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake per unit ground area decreased significantly (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8322%) towards the end of this period.</p><p>These results contrast with results from the final harvest, when grain yield and biomass were increased by 19% under elevated CO2. N concentration per dry weight was reduced by 5%, but N\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake per unit ground area was significantly higher (+\uffe2\uff80\uff8311%) for the elevated CO2 treatment. 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h and midday\uffe2\uff80\uff90CCER increased significantly more in late spring (period of 21 April to 30 May) (respectively by +\uffe2\uff80\uff8340% and 53%) than in the early spring (respectively 5% and 19%) in response to elevated CO2. Midday evapotranspiration rate was reduced less by elevated CO2 in the late spring (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8313%) than in early spring (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8321%). The CO2 response of midday and 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h CCER decreased again (+\uffe2\uff80\uff8327% and +\uffe2\uff80\uff8323% resp.) towards the end of the growing season.</p><p>We conclude that the low response to CO2 concentration during the early spring was associated with a growth\uffe2\uff80\uff90restriction, caused by low temperature and irradiance levels. The reduction of nitrogen concentration, the increase of nonstructural carbohydrate, and the lower evapotranspiration indicated that CO2 did have an effect towards the end of early spring, but not on biomass accumulation. Regression analysis showed that both irradiance and temperature affected the response to CO2.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Open-top chambers", "Co2-temperature interaction", "Triticum aestivum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Seasonal influences", "Early spring growth", "Wheat", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Co2-light interaction"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dijkstra, P., Schapendonk, A.H.C.M., Groenwold, K., Jansen, M., van de Geijn, S.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Soil Water Availability On Root Biomass, Root Length, And N, P And K Uptake By Wheat", "description": "summary<p>We investigated interactions between the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) and soil water availability on root biomass, root length and nutrient uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivumcv. Tonic). We grew plants at 350 and 700 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921CO2and with frequent and infrequent watering (\uffe2\uff80\uff98wet\uffe2\uff80\uff99 and \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatments, respectively). Water use per plant was 1.25 times greater at 350 than at 700 \uffce\uffbcmol CO2mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and 1.4 times greater in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98wet\uffe2\uff80\uff99 than in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatment. Root biomass increased with [CO2] and with watering frequency. Elevated [CO2] changed the vertical distribution of the roots, with a greater stimulation of root growth in the top layers of the soil. These data were confirmed by the video data of root lengths in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatment, which showed a delayed root development at depth under elevated [CO2]. The apparent amount of N mineralized appeared to be equal for all treatments. Nutrient uptake was affected by [CO2] and by watering frequency, and there were interactions between these treatments. These interactions were different for N, K and P, which appeared to be related to differences in nutrient availability and mobility in the soil. Moreover, these interactions changed with time as the root system became larger with [CO2] and with watering frequency, and as fluctuations in soil moisture contents increased. Elevated [CO2] affected nutrient uptake in contrasting ways. Potassium uptake appeared to be reduced by the smaller mass flow of water reaching the root surface. However, this might be countered with time by the greater root biomass at elevated [CO2], by the greater soil moisture contents at elevated [CO2], enabling faster diffusion, or both. Phosphorus uptake appeared to be increased by the greater root biomass at elevated [COJ. We conclude that plant nutrient uptake at elevated [CO2] is affected by interactions with water availability, though differences between nutrients preclude generalizations of the response.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Elevated CO2", "Soil moisture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Triticum aestivum cv. Tonic (spring wheat)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.13065", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Restricted", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-17", "title": "Responses Of Wheat And Rice To Factorial Combinations Of Ambient And Elevated Co2 And Temperature In Face Experiments", "description": "Abstract<p>Elevated CO2 and temperature strongly affect crop production, but understanding of the crop response to combined CO2 and temperature increases under field conditions is still limited while data are scarce. We grew wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) under two levels of CO2 (ambient and enriched up to 500\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcmol\uffc2\uffa0mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and two levels of canopy temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff932.0\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb0C) in free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment (FACE) systems and carried out a detailed growth and yield component analysis during two growing seasons for both crops. An increase in CO2 resulted in higher grain yield, whereas an increase in temperature reduced grain yield, in both crops. An increase in CO2 was unable to compensate for the negative impact of an increase in temperature on biomass and yield of wheat and rice. Yields of wheat and rice were decreased by 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9312% and 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9335%, respectively, under the combination of elevated CO2 and temperature. The number of filled grains per unit area was the most important yield component accounting for the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature in wheat and rice. Our data showed complex treatment effects on the interplay between preheading duration, nitrogen uptake, tillering, leaf area index, and radiation\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency, and thus on yield components and yield. Nitrogen uptake before heading was crucial in minimizing yield loss due to climate change in both crops. For rice, however, a breeding strategy to increase grain number per m2 and % filled grains (or to reduce spikelet sterility) at high temperature is also required to prevent yield reduction under conditions of global change.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Climate Change", "Photosynthesis parameters", "Temperature", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plant nitrogen status", "Carbon Dioxide", "Plant Components", " Aerial", "15. Life on land", "Radiation-use efficiency", "6. Clean water", "Yield components", "Free-air CO enrichment", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oryza sativa L.", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Triticum aestivum L.", "Triticum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13065"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.13065", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.13065", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.13065"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/wre.12452", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-06", "title": "Influence of intra\u2010row cruciferous surrogate weed growth on crop yield in organic spring cereals", "description": "Abstract<p>In Northern Europe, inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90row hoeing has become a popular tactic for controlling weeds in organic cereals. Hoeing is highly effective and can be implemented from crop emergence until stem elongation to maintain a nearly weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone. However, hoeing has a lesser effect on weeds growing in the intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone, where crop\uffe2\uff80\uff93weed proximity results in heightened competition. In the hoed cereal system, it is investigated whether tall\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing, competitive, cruciferous weeds in the intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone affect crop biomass, yield and thousand kernel weight (TKW). An additive experimental design is employed to enable the fitting of rectangular hyperbolas, describing and quantifying the effects of increasing intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row surrogate weed density on crop growth parameters. Regressions were studied under the influence of crop (spring barley and spring wheat), row spacing (narrow [12.5 or 15.0\uffc2\uffa0cm] and wide [25.0\uffc2\uffa0cm]) and nitrogen rate (50 and 100\uffc2\uffa0kg NH4\uffe2\uff80\uff90N/ha). Cruciferous surrogate weeds were found to impact crop yield and quality severely. For example, ten intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row plants/m2 of surrogate weed Sinapis alba reduced grains yields by 7%\uffe2\uff80\uff9314% in spring barley and by 7%\uffe2\uff80\uff9332% in spring wheat with yield losses becoming markedly greater in wheat compared to barley as weed density increases. Compared to wheat, barley limited yield and quality losses and suppressed intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weed growth more. Row spacing did not have a consistent effect on crop or weed parameters; in one of six experiments, the 25\uffc2\uffa0cm row spacing reduced yields and increased intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weed biomass in wheat. Nitrogen rate did not affect crop or weed parameters. Results warrant the implementation of additional tactics to control intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weeds and limit crop losses.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hordeum vulgare L.", "thousand kernel weight", "nitrogen rate", "Hordeum vulgare L.", " Triticum aestivum L.", " inter-row hoeing", " nitrogen rate", " inter-row spacing", " thousand kernel weight", " crop-weed competition.", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "crop", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "weed competition", "inter-row hoeing", "inter-row spacing", "Triticum aestivum L."]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12452"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Weed%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/wre.12452", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/wre.12452", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/wre.12452"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-14", "title": "Application of halotolerant Azotobacter chroococcum W4ii isolated from technosoils to mitigate salt stress in wheat plant", "description": "<ns4:p>Background: Technosoils in Inowroc\u0142aw, central Poland, are impacted by human activities and exhibit high salinity (ECe up to 70 dS/m) due to a soda lime repository. These saline environments pose challenges to plant growth and soil health. However, they also offer an opportunity for the evolution of microorganisms adapted to such conditions, including plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria. The hypothesis tested here was that introducing PGPR bacteria from these environments could boost degraded soil performance, leading to better plant biomass and improved pathogen defense.</ns4:p>                   <ns4:p>                     Methods:                     <ns4:italic>Azotobacter chroococcum</ns4:italic>                     W4ii was isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat (                     <ns4:italic>Triticum aestivum</ns4:italic>                     L.) for its plant growth properties on wheat plants under salt stress.                   </ns4:p>                   <ns4:p>                     Results: Wheat seeds co-inoculated with                     <ns4:italic>A. chroococcum</ns4:italic>                     W4ii under 200 mM salt stress showed significant improvement in various growth parameters such as seeds germination (by 130%), shoot biomass (15%), chlorophyll b content (40%) compared to un-inoculated ones. Bacterial inoculation decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), whereas it elevated the antioxidative enzymatic activities of peroxidase (POD). The test isolate also enhanced the level of defense enzymes like \u03b2-1, 3-glucanase, which can protect plants from infection by pathogens. The bacterium could also successfully colonize the wheat plants.                   </ns4:p>                   <ns4:p>                     Conclusions: These results indicate that                     <ns4:italic>A. chroococcum</ns4:italic>                     isolated from the technosoils has the potential to promote wheat growth under salt stress and can be further used as a bioinoculant in the salt affected agricultural fields.                   </ns4:p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "PGPR", "Salt stress", "Technosoil", "Articles", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Triticum aestivum L.", "PGPR;Azotobacter chroococcum;Salt stress;Technosoil;Triticum aestivum L.", "Research Article", "Azotobacter chroococcum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Binod Kumar, Sweta, Kalwasi\u0144ska, Agnieszka, Swiontek Brzezinska, Maria, Wr\u00f3bel, Monika,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Open%20Research%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-08-14", "title": "Application of halotolerant Azotobacter chroococcum W4ii isolated from technosoils to mitigate salt stress in wheat plant", "description": "<ns4:p>Background: Technosoils in Inowroc\u0142aw, central Poland, are impacted by human activities and exhibit high salinity (ECe up to 70 dS/m) due to a soda lime repository. These saline environments pose challenges to plant growth and soil health. However, they also offer an opportunity for the evolution of microorganisms adapted to such conditions, including plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria. The hypothesis tested here was that introducing PGPR bacteria from these environments could boost degraded soil performance, leading to better plant biomass and improved pathogen defense.</ns4:p><ns4:p> Methods: <ns4:italic>Azotobacter chroococcum</ns4:italic> W4ii was isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat (<ns4:italic>Triticum aestivum</ns4:italic> L.) for its plant growth properties on wheat plants under salt stress.</ns4:p><ns4:p> Results: Wheat seeds co-inoculated with <ns4:italic>A. chroococcum</ns4:italic> W4ii under 200 mM salt stress showed significant improvement in various growth parameters such as seeds germination (by 130%), shoot biomass (15%), chlorophyll b content (40%) compared to un-inoculated ones. Bacterial inoculation decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), whereas it elevated the antioxidative enzymatic activities of peroxidase (POD). The test isolate also enhanced the level of defense enzymes like \u03b2-1, 3-glucanase, which can protect plants from infection by pathogens. The bacterium could also successfully colonize the wheat plants.</ns4:p><ns4:p> Conclusions: These results indicate that <ns4:italic>A. chroococcum</ns4:italic> isolated from the technosoils has the potential to promote wheat growth under salt stress and can be further used as a bioinoculant in the salt affected agricultural fields.</ns4:p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "PGPR", "Salt stress", "Technosoil", "Articles", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "PGPR;Azotobacter chroococcum;Salt stress;Technosoil;Triticum aestivum L.", "Triticum aestivum L.", "Research Article", "Azotobacter chroococcum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Binod Kumar, Sweta, Kalwasi\u0144ska, Agnieszka, Swiontek Brzezinska, Maria, Wr\u00f3bel, Monika,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Open%20Research%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.2", "name": "item", "description": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-09-09", "title": "Using halotolerant Azotobacter chroococcum W4ii from technosoils to mitigate wheat salt stress", "description": "<ns3:p>Background Technosoils in Inowroc\u0142aw, central Poland, are impacted by human activities and exhibit high salinity (ECe up to 70 dS/m) due to a soda lime repository. These saline environments pose challenges to plant growth and soil health. However, they also offer an opportunity for the evolution of microorganisms adapted to such conditions, including plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria. The hypothesis tested here was that introducing PGPR bacteria from these environments could boost degraded soil performance, leading to better plant biomass and improved pathogen defense. Methods <ns3:italic>Azotobacter chroococcum</ns3:italic> W4ii was isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat (<ns3:italic>Triticum aestivum</ns3:italic> L.) for its plant growth properties on wheat plants under salt stress. Results Wheat seeds co-inoculated with <ns3:italic>A. chroococcum</ns3:italic> W4ii under 200 mM salt stress showed significant improvement in various growth parameters such as seeds germination (by 130%), shoot biomass (15%), chlorophyll <ns3:italic>b</ns3:italic> content (40%) compared to un-inoculated ones. Bacterial inoculation decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 55.5% (P&lt;0.001), whereas it elevated the antioxidative enzymatic activities of peroxidase (POD) by 33.69% (P&lt;0.001). The test isolate also significantly (P&lt;0.05) enhanced the level of defense enzymes like \u03b2-1,3-glucanase, which can protect plants from infection by pathogens. The bacterium could also successfully colonize the wheat plants. Conclusions These results indicate that <ns3:italic>A. chroococcum</ns3:italic> isolated from the technosoil has the potential to promote wheat growth under salt stress and can be further used as a bioinoculant in the salt affected agricultural fields.</ns3:p>", "keywords": ["PGPR", "Salt stress", "Technosoil", "PGPR;Azotobacter chroococcum;Salt stress;Technosoil;Triticum aestivum L.", "Triticum aestivum L.", "Azotobacter chroococcum", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Binod Kumar, Sweta, Kalwasi\u0144ska, Agnieszka, Swiontek Brzezinska, Maria, Wr\u00f3bel, Monika,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Open%20Research%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.4", "name": "item", "description": "10.12688/openreseurope.15821.4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.12688/openreseurope.15821.4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0103-90162006000500013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-19", "title": "Surface Application Of Lime Ameliorates Subsoil Acidity And Improves Root Growth And Yield Of Wheat In An Acid Soil Under No-Till System", "description": "<p>Crop root growth and grain yield can be affected by chemical modifications in the soil profile due to surface lime application. A field trial was carried out on a loamy dystrophic Typic Hapludox at Ponta Grossa, State of Paran\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil, to evaluate root growth and grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. CD 104, moderately susceptible to Al), about 10 years after surface liming (0, 2, 4, and 6 Mg ha-1) and three years after surface re-liming (0 and 3 Mg ha-1), in a long-term no-till cultivation system. Soil acidity limited wheat root growth and yield severely, probably as a result of extended water deficits during the vegetative stage. Surface liming caused increases up to 66% in the root growth (0-60 cm) and up to 140% in the grain yield. Root density and grain yield were correlated positively with soil pH and exchangeable Ca2+, and negatively with exchangeable Al3+ and Al3+ saturation, in the surface and subsurface layers.</p>", "keywords": ["calcium", "aluminum", "c\u00e1lcio", "dolomitic lime", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "alum\u00ednio", "Triticum aestivum L.", "calc\u00e1rio dolom\u00edtico"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Caires, Eduardo F\u00e1vero, Corr\u00eaa, Jos\u00e9 Cristov\u00e3o Leal, Churka, Susana, Barth, Gabriel, Garbuio, Fernando Jos\u00e9,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000500013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientia%20Agricola", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0103-90162006000500013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0103-90162006000500013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0103-90162006000500013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/512/2012-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Relationships Between Winter Wheat Yields And Soil Carbon Under Various Tillage Systems", "description": "Soil quality and fertility are associated with its productivity, and this in turn is connected to the soil biological activity. To study these effects, well designed long-term field experiments that provide comprehensive data sets are the most applicable. Four treatments (tillage methods) were set up: (1) conventional tillage (CT); (2) no tillage (NT); (3) minimum tillage + straw (MTS), and (4) no tillage + mulch (NTM). Our objective was to assess the relationships between soil microbial characteristics and winter wheat yields under these different techniques of conservation tillage within a field experiment, originally established in 1995. The differences in average grain yields over time period 2002-2009 between the variants were not statistically significant. Organic carbon in the topsoil was higher in plots with conservation tillage (NT, MTS, and NTM), than in the conventional tillage plots. There was a statistically significant correlation (P \u2264 0.01) between the grain yields and organic C content in topsoil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil tillage", "soil organic c", "Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "triticum aestivum", "microbial biomass c", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SB1-1110"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M. Jav\u016frek, T. \u0160imon, O. Mikanov\u00e1, M. Vach,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/512/2012-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/512/2012-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/512/2012-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/512/2012-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/564/2017-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-08", "title": "Analysis Of Soil Water Content And Crop Yield After Biochar Application In Field Conditions", "description": "Biochar has been studied extensively in terms of its influence on soil hydrophysical properties, but only small part of results was obtained from the field experiments. In this study, the soil water content was measured in 5-10 cm depth at experimental plots which received 20 t/ha and 0 t/ha (control) of biochar amendment at the Malanta area (Slovakia). The experimental area was cultivated with maize in 2015 and spring wheat in 2016. Our field measurements show that the positive effect of biochar amendment (20 t/ha) on soil water content is strongly related to the type of the crop grown and not straightforward. Unexpectedly, during the monitoring campaign in 2015 the soil water content of the biochar-amended soil was lower than control. In 2016, negligible differences were observed in soil water contents at both experimental plots, especially during the dry spells. However, higher soil water content was measured at the plot with biochar amendment after the series of precipitation events during the physiological maturity of the spring wheat. Moreover, the biochar amendment did not increase the biomass production and yields of maize in 2015, but it significantly increased the biomass production and yields of spring wheat in 2016.", "keywords": ["zea mays", "climate change", "field measurements", "Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "triticum aestivum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "SB1-1110"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/564/2017-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/564/2017-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/564/2017-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/564/2017-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/567/2015-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-05", "title": "Soil Characteristics And Crop Yields Under Different Tillage Techniques", "description": "The field experiment with different soil tillage treatments has been carried out in Prague-Ruzyn\u011b locality (Czech Republic) since 1995. Data of two growing cycles in the years 2007-2010 and 2011-2014 were evaluated. Tillage technique was decisive for changes in soil characteristics and crop yields. Bulk density, organic carbon (Corg) and microbial biomass C (Cmic) were more equilibrated throughout all tested soil layers (0-0.1; 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m) in conventional tillage (CT). In reduced tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT) treatments significant accumulation of Corg and increase of Cmic in the surface layer were found, compared to CT. No significant differences in Corg and Cmic between two growing cycles were determined; however, mostly higher values were obtained in the top layer of NT during the second growing period. Higher bulk density under conservation tillage techniques did not negatively affect soil characteristics and should be taken in consideration for data evaluation as it can alter interpretation of their changes in the soil profile. Crop yields were comparable in CT and RT. Yield decrease in NT was mostly observed for winter wheat and pea. Beneficial effects of RT and NT conserving soil moisture on crop yield were not observed in dry years.", "keywords": ["soil organic carbon", "Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "triticum aestivum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "microbial activity", "01 natural sciences", "pisum sativum", "ploughing", "SB1-1110", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "H. Kus\u00e1, Gabriela M\u00fchlbachov\u00e1, P. R\u016f\u017eek,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/567/2015-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/567/2015-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/567/2015-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/567/2015-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2015.01010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:21:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-20", "title": "Elevated Co2 Reduced Floret Death In Wheat Under Warmer Average Temperatures And Terminal Drought", "description": "Elevated CO2 often increases grain yield in wheat by enhancing grain number per ear, which can result from an increase in the potential number of florets or a reduction in the death of developed florets. The hypotheses that elevated CO2 reduces floret death rather than increases floret development, and that grain size in a genotype with more grains per unit area is limited by the rate of grain filling, were tested in a pair of sister lines contrasting in tillering capacity (restricted- vs. free-tillering). The hypotheses were tested under elevated CO2, combined with +3\u00b0C above ambient temperature and terminal drought, using specialized field tunnel houses. Elevated CO2 increased net leaf photosynthetic rates and likely the availability of carbon assimilates, which significantly reduced the rates of floret death and increased the potential number of grains at anthesis in both sister lines by an average of 42%. The restricted-tillering line had faster grain-filling rates than the free-tillering line because the free-tillering line had more grains to fill. Furthermore, grain-filling rates were faster under elevated CO2 and +3\u00b0C above ambient. Terminal drought reduced grain yield in both lines by 19%. Elevated CO2 alone increased the potential number of grains, but a trade-off in yield components limited grain yield in the free-tillering line. This emphasizes the need for breeding cultivars with a greater potential number of florets, since this was not affected by the predicted future climate variables.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "restricted tillering", "Climate Change", "Triticum aestivum", "free -tillering", "Restricted tillering", "Plant culture", "Plant Science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "yield", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "SB1-1110", "compensation", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "florets", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Compensation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.01010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2015.01010", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2015.01010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2015.01010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11050946", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:21:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-11", "title": "Estimating Farm Wheat Yields from NDVI and Meteorological Data", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Information on crop yield at scales ranging from the field to the global level is imperative for farmers and decision makers. The current data sources to monitor crop yield, such as regional agriculture statistics, are often lacking in spatial and temporal resolution. Remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs) such as NDVI are able to assess crop yield using empirical modelling strategies. Empirical NDVI-based crop yield models were evaluated by comparing the model performance with similar models used in different regions. The integral NDVI and the peak NDVI were weak predictors of winter wheat yield in northern Belgium. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield variability was better predicted by monthly precipitation during tillering and anthesis than by NDVI-derived yield proxies in the period from 2016 to 2018 (R2 = 0.66). The NDVI series were not sensitive enough to yield affecting weather conditions during important phenological stages such as tillering and anthesis and were weak predictors in empirical crop yield models. In conclusion, winter wheat yield modelling using NDVI-derived yield proxies as predictor variables is dependent on the environment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["yield estimation", "PREDICTION", "NDVI", "Triticum aestivum", "0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "3002 Agriculture", " land and farm management", "3004 Crop and pasture production", "Belgium", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "<i>Triticum aestivum</i>", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "S", "Plant Sciences", "Agriculture", "weather impact", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "WINTER-WHEAT", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "winter wheat", "MODEL", "RESOLUTION", "SENTINEL-2", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "LANDSAT 8", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/5/946/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050946"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11050946", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11050946", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11050946"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-58392013000200012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:22:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-18", "title": "Rates Of Urea With Or Without Urease Inhibitor For Topdressing Wheat", "description": "The urease inhibitor NBPT(N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide) is a management alternative to increase urea efficiency in topdressing because it reduces NH3 volatilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate N recovery and yield performance of wheat ( Triticum  aestivum   L.) \u2018BRS 254\u2019 fertilized with different urea or urea + NBPT rates in topdressing. The experiment was conducted from May to September 2007 in Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Treatments followed a 5 \u00d7 2 + 1 factorial design consisting of five N fertilizer rates (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg ha-1) as urea or urea + NBPT (Agrotain\u00ae ) applied as topdressing and a control without N. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Adding NBPT to urea resulted in better N utilization by wheat plants. The 100 kg N ha-1 topdressing rate provided the best apparent N recovery by wheat plants, whereas 90 kg ha-1 provided the best N use efficiency.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Triticum aestivum", "NBPT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrogen fertilization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "NH3 volatilization", "N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Espindula, Marcelo C., Rocha, Valterley S., de Souza, Moacil Alves, Campanharo, Marcela, Paula, Guilherme de Sousa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392013000200012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chilean%20journal%20of%20agricultural%20research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-58392013000200012", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-58392013000200012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-58392013000200012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3161294357", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-11", "title": "Estimating Farm Wheat Yields from NDVI and Meteorological Data", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Information on crop yield at scales ranging from the field to the global level is imperative for farmers and decision makers. The current data sources to monitor crop yield, such as regional agriculture statistics, are often lacking in spatial and temporal resolution. Remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs) such as NDVI are able to assess crop yield using empirical modelling strategies. Empirical NDVI-based crop yield models were evaluated by comparing the model performance with similar models used in different regions. The integral NDVI and the peak NDVI were weak predictors of winter wheat yield in northern Belgium. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield variability was better predicted by monthly precipitation during tillering and anthesis than by NDVI-derived yield proxies in the period from 2016 to 2018 (R2 = 0.66). The NDVI series were not sensitive enough to yield affecting weather conditions during important phenological stages such as tillering and anthesis and were weak predictors in empirical crop yield models. In conclusion, winter wheat yield modelling using NDVI-derived yield proxies as predictor variables is dependent on the environment.</p></article>", "keywords": ["yield estimation", "PREDICTION", "NDVI", "Triticum aestivum", "0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "3002 Agriculture", " land and farm management", "3004 Crop and pasture production", "Belgium", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "<i>Triticum aestivum</i>", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "S", "Plant Sciences", "Agriculture", "weather impact", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "WINTER-WHEAT", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "winter wheat", "MODEL", "RESOLUTION", "SENTINEL-2", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "LANDSAT 8", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/5/946/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3161294357"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3161294357", "name": "item", "description": "3161294357", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3161294357"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8091204", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "The assembly of wheat\u2011associated fungal community difers across growth stages", "description": "Plant-associated fungal communities play a vital role in plant adaptations, physiological functions, and productivity. Therefore, it is important to reveal the mechanisms driving the assembly of these communities. Yet it is still not fully understood how community assembly and structure diferentiate in plant compartments, growth seasons, and varieties at large geographic distances. In this study, we analyzed bulk soil and plant-associated fungal communities of fve wheat varieties across two growth stages in three biogeographic sites with distances of about 324, 534, or 800 km apart between any two locations. Our results indicated that the fungal community varied primarily across the sample types (leaf endosphere, root endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil), followed by growth stage. Compared with the regreening stage, lower \u03b1-diversity and more dominance by abundant species in the fungal community were observed in wheat-associated compartments (four sample types except for bulk soil) at the heading stage. Additionally, within each wheat-associated compartment across every growth stage, location had stronger efects on fungal community assembly than the wheat variety. The efects of variety on fungal community assembly were location specifc as were the growth-stage patterns of varietal efects on leaf endosphere and rhizosphere fungal communities. We further detected a less diverse but abundant core fungal taxa that could be grouped into three clusters associated mainly with location. This study characterized the interplay efects between plant selection (compartment, growth stage, variety) and environment (location) on wheat-associated mycobiomes by determining drivers of fungal community assembly and core fungal taxa in feld conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Triticum aestivum L", "Growth stage", "Location", "Rhizosphere", "Endosphere", "Core fungal taxa", "15. Life on land", "Mycobiome"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yuyin Zheng, Xiangzhen Li, Huili Cao, Lei, Li, Zhang, Xue, Dejun Han, Junming Wang, Minjie Yao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8091204"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8091204", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8091204", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8091204"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8091205", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "The assembly of wheat\u2011associated fungal community difers across growth stages", "description": "Plant-associated fungal communities play a vital role in plant adaptations, physiological functions, and productivity. Therefore, it is important to reveal the mechanisms driving the assembly of these communities. Yet it is still not fully understood how community assembly and structure diferentiate in plant compartments, growth seasons, and varieties at large geographic distances. In this study, we analyzed bulk soil and plant-associated fungal communities of fve wheat varieties across two growth stages in three biogeographic sites with distances of about 324, 534, or 800 km apart between any two locations. Our results indicated that the fungal community varied primarily across the sample types (leaf endosphere, root endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil), followed by growth stage. Compared with the regreening stage, lower \u03b1-diversity and more dominance by abundant species in the fungal community were observed in wheat-associated compartments (four sample types except for bulk soil) at the heading stage. Additionally, within each wheat-associated compartment across every growth stage, location had stronger efects on fungal community assembly than the wheat variety. The efects of variety on fungal community assembly were location specifc as were the growth-stage patterns of varietal efects on leaf endosphere and rhizosphere fungal communities. We further detected a less diverse but abundant core fungal taxa that could be grouped into three clusters associated mainly with location. This study characterized the interplay efects between plant selection (compartment, growth stage, variety) and environment (location) on wheat-associated mycobiomes by determining drivers of fungal community assembly and core fungal taxa in feld conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Triticum aestivum L", "Growth stage", "Location", "Rhizosphere", "Endosphere", "Core fungal taxa", "15. Life on land", "Mycobiome"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yuyin Zheng, Xiangzhen Li, Huili Cao, Lei, Li, Zhang, Xue, Dejun Han, Junming Wang, Minjie Yao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8091205"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Microbiology%20and%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8091205", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8091205", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8091205"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8091218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-15", "title": "Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community: interplay between plant selection and location", "description": "Background Root-associated microbiomes are important for plant nutrient uptake, disease suppression and plant growth. It is important to reveal wheat-root associated microbial community assembly and dominant drivers determining their variability. Methods Using 16S rRNA gene profiling, we investigated the effects of sample type, location, growth stage and variety on prokaryotic communities in the root endosphere and rhizosphere of wheat and bulk soil based on the field samples including 5 varieties from 4 locations along similar latitude with the distance about 157 to 800 km apart between any two locations. Results Prokaryotic communities were more diverse in the bulk soil and rhizosphere than in root endosphere. Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community assembly was shaped predominantly by sample type, while within each sample type, location had stronger effects on the variation in prokaryotic community than growth stage or variety. Wheat variety effects varied substantially among different locations and growth stages in root endosphere and rhizosphere samples, and the variety effects were location-specific and growth stage-specific. Root endosphere specially enriched Pseudomonas, relative to other two sample types, while rhizosphere mainly enriched Bacillus. Conclusions This study characterized prokaryotic communities of wheat-root endosphere and rhizosphere and their relationships, and demonstrated significant interactive effects between wheat variety, location and growth stage on prokaryotic community assembly in field condition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Triticum aestivum L", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Key drivers", "Prokaryotic community", "Rhizosphere", "Endosphere", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8091218"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8091218", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8091218", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8091218"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.8092653", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-26", "title": "Drought priming alleviated salinity stress and improved water use efficiency of wheat plants", "description": "Global warming and salinization are inducing adverse efects on crop yield. Drought priming has been proved to improve drought tolerance of plants at later growth stages, however, whether and how drought priming at early growth stage alleviating salinity stress at later growth stage and improving water use efciency (WUE) of plants remains unknown. Therefore, two wheat cultivars were subjected to drought priming at the 4th and 6th leaf stage and subsequent moderate salinity stress at 100 mmol NaCl applied at the later jointing growth stage. The growth, physiological responses, ABA signaling and WUE were investigated to unravel the regulating mechanisms of drought priming on subsequent salinity stress. The results showed that drought priming imposed at the early growth stage improved the leaf and root water potential while attenuated the ABA concentration in the leaves ([ABA]<sub>leaf</sub>) for the primed plants, which increased the stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>) and photosynthesis (P<sub>n</sub>). Consequently, the biomass under the salinity stress was signifcantly increased due to earlier drought priming. Moreover, drought priming improved the specifc leaf N content due to the facilitated root growth and morphology, and this could beneft high leaf photosynthetic capacity during the salinity stress period, improving the P<sub>n</sub> and water uptake for the primed plants. Drought priming signifcantly improved plant level WUE (WUE<sub>p</sub>) due to considerably enhanced dry biomass compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress. The signifcantly increased leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C under drought priming further demonstrated that the improved leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C and WUE<sub>p</sub> was mainly ascribed to the improvement of P<sub>n</sub>. Drought primed plants signifcantly improved K+ concentration and maintained the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress, which could mitigate the adverse efects of excess Na<sup>+</sup> and minimize salt-induced ionic toxicity by improving salt tolerance for primed plants. Therefore, drought priming at early growth stage could be considered as a promising strategy for salt-prone areas to optimize agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.", "keywords": ["Triticum aestivum L", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "Water stress", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Salinity tolerance", "Hormones", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "ABA", "13. Climate action", "\u03b413C"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8092653"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Growth%20Regulation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.8092653", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.8092653", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.8092653"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3215382657", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-26", "title": "Drought priming alleviated salinity stress and improved water use efficiency of wheat plants", "description": "Global warming and salinization are inducing adverse efects on crop yield. Drought priming has been proved to improve drought tolerance of plants at later growth stages, however, whether and how drought priming at early growth stage alleviating salinity stress at later growth stage and improving water use efciency (WUE) of plants remains unknown. Therefore, two wheat cultivars were subjected to drought priming at the 4th and 6th leaf stage and subsequent moderate salinity stress at 100 mmol NaCl applied at the later jointing growth stage. The growth, physiological responses, ABA signaling and WUE were investigated to unravel the regulating mechanisms of drought priming on subsequent salinity stress. The results showed that drought priming imposed at the early growth stage improved the leaf and root water potential while attenuated the ABA concentration in the leaves ([ABA]<sub>leaf</sub>) for the primed plants, which increased the stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>) and photosynthesis (P<sub>n</sub>). Consequently, the biomass under the salinity stress was signifcantly increased due to earlier drought priming. Moreover, drought priming improved the specifc leaf N content due to the facilitated root growth and morphology, and this could beneft high leaf photosynthetic capacity during the salinity stress period, improving the P<sub>n</sub> and water uptake for the primed plants. Drought priming signifcantly improved plant level WUE (WUE<sub>p</sub>) due to considerably enhanced dry biomass compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress. The signifcantly increased leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C under drought priming further demonstrated that the improved leaf \u03b4<sup>13</sup>C and WUE<sub>p</sub> was mainly ascribed to the improvement of P<sub>n</sub>. Drought primed plants signifcantly improved K+ concentration and maintained the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress, which could mitigate the adverse efects of excess Na<sup>+</sup> and minimize salt-induced ionic toxicity by improving salt tolerance for primed plants. Therefore, drought priming at early growth stage could be considered as a promising strategy for salt-prone areas to optimize agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.", "keywords": ["Triticum aestivum L", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Water stress", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Salinity tolerance", "Hormones", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "ABA", "13. Climate action", "\u03b413C"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3215382657"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Growth%20Regulation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3215382657", "name": "item", "description": "3215382657", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3215382657"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3155473236", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-15", "title": "Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community: interplay between plant selection and location", "description": "Background Root-associated microbiomes are important for plant nutrient uptake, disease suppression and plant growth. It is important to reveal wheat-root associated microbial community assembly and dominant drivers determining their variability. Methods Using 16S rRNA gene profiling, we investigated the effects of sample type, location, growth stage and variety on prokaryotic communities in the root endosphere and rhizosphere of wheat and bulk soil based on the field samples including 5 varieties from 4 locations along similar latitude with the distance about 157 to 800 km apart between any two locations. Results Prokaryotic communities were more diverse in the bulk soil and rhizosphere than in root endosphere. Wheat-root associated prokaryotic community assembly was shaped predominantly by sample type, while within each sample type, location had stronger effects on the variation in prokaryotic community than growth stage or variety. Wheat variety effects varied substantially among different locations and growth stages in root endosphere and rhizosphere samples, and the variety effects were location-specific and growth stage-specific. Root endosphere specially enriched Pseudomonas, relative to other two sample types, while rhizosphere mainly enriched Bacillus. Conclusions This study characterized prokaryotic communities of wheat-root endosphere and rhizosphere and their relationships, and demonstrated significant interactive effects between wheat variety, location and growth stage on prokaryotic community assembly in field condition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Triticum aestivum L", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Key drivers", "Prokaryotic community", "Rhizosphere", "Endosphere", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3155473236"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3155473236", "name": "item", "description": "3155473236", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3155473236"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC11325138", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:30:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-09-09", "title": "Using halotolerant Azotobacter chroococcum W4ii from technosoils to mitigate wheat salt stress", "description": "<ns3:p>Background Technosoils in Inowroc\u0142aw, central Poland, are impacted by human activities and exhibit high salinity (ECe up to 70 dS/m) due to a soda lime repository. These saline environments pose challenges to plant growth and soil health. However, they also offer an opportunity for the evolution of microorganisms adapted to such conditions, including plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria. The hypothesis tested here was that introducing PGPR bacteria from these environments could boost degraded soil performance, leading to better plant biomass and improved pathogen defense. Methods <ns3:italic>Azotobacter chroococcum</ns3:italic> W4ii was isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat (<ns3:italic>Triticum aestivum</ns3:italic> L.) for its plant growth properties on wheat plants under salt stress. Results Wheat seeds co-inoculated with <ns3:italic>A. chroococcum</ns3:italic> W4ii under 200 mM salt stress showed significant improvement in various growth parameters such as seeds germination (by 130%), shoot biomass (15%), chlorophyll <ns3:italic>b</ns3:italic> content (40%) compared to un-inoculated ones. Bacterial inoculation decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 55.5% (P&lt;0.001), whereas it elevated the antioxidative enzymatic activities of peroxidase (POD) by 33.69% (P&lt;0.001). The test isolate also significantly (P&lt;0.05) enhanced the level of defense enzymes like \u03b2-1,3-glucanase, which can protect plants from infection by pathogens. The bacterium could also successfully colonize the wheat plants. Conclusions These results indicate that <ns3:italic>A. chroococcum</ns3:italic> isolated from the technosoil has the potential to promote wheat growth under salt stress and can be further used as a bioinoculant in the salt affected agricultural fields.</ns3:p>", "keywords": ["PGPR;Azotobacter chroococcum;Salt stress;Technosoil;Triticum aestivum L.", "Research Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Binod Kumar, Sweta, Kalwasi\u0144ska, Agnieszka, Swiontek Brzezinska, Maria, Wr\u00f3bel, Monika,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11325138"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Open%20Research%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11325138", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11325138", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11325138"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "acdda4dd-d73e-4396-880e-fc64d249cbe4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.35, 52.02], [8.35, 53.33], [10.33, 53.33], [10.33, 52.02], [8.35, 52.02]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. These data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-02-29", "type": "Service", "created": "2020-08-31", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset 'Agronomic data of long term field experiment CATCHY Asendorf'", "description": "This WMS Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'WMS Service of the dataset 'Agronomic data of long term field experiment CATCHY Asendorf''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "cropping systems", "farming systems", "research systems", "catch cropping", "catch crops", "maize", "wheat", "faba beans", "Sinapis alba", "mustard", "Phacelia tanacetifolia", "Phacelia", "oats", "Trifolium alexandrinum", "crop rotation", "Zea mays", "Triticum aestivum", "above ground biomass", "biomass", "crop yield", "yield components", "nutrients"], "contacts": [{"name": "Schweneker, Doerte", "organization": "Deutsche Saatveredelung AG", "position": "Assistance Breeder", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "0049 4253 931114"}], "emails": [{"value": "doerte.schweneker@dsv-saaten.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Steimker Weg 7"], "city": "Asendorf", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "27330", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - 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INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. These data were created as part of the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Module A-Project - CATCHY and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2022-10-19", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-08-31", "language": "eng", "title": "Agronomic data of long term field experiment CATCHY Asendorf", "description": "This WMS Service includes spatial information used by all datasets using information from the long-term field experiment CATCHY in Asendorf", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["cropping systems", "farming systems", "research systems", "catch cropping", "catch crops", "maize", "wheat", "faba beans", "Sinapis alba", "mustard", "Phacelia tanacetifolia", "Phacelia", "oats", "Trifolium alexandrinum", "crop rotation", "Zea mays", "Triticum aestivum", "above ground biomass", "biomass", "crop yield", "yield components", "nutrients", "opendata", "Fruchtfolge", "Geografische Bezeichnungen", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Schweneker, Doerte", "organization": "Deutsche Saatveredelung AG", "position": "Assistance Breeder", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "0049 4253 931114"}], "emails": [{"value": "doerte.schweneker@dsv-saaten.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Steimker Weg 7"], "city": "Asendorf", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "27330", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Feuerstein, Ulf", "organization": "Deutsche Saatveredelung AG", "position": "Project Manager", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "00494253931111"}], "emails": [{"value": "ulf.feuerstein@dsv-saaten.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Steimker Weg 7"], "city": "Asendorf", "administrativeArea": "Lower Saxony", "postalCode": "27330", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara", "organization": "Bremen University", "position": "Professor", "roles": ["principalInvestigator"], "phones": [{"value": "0049 421 218 62860"}], "emails": [{"value": "reinhol@uni-bremen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Leobener Stra\u00dfe"], "city": "Bremen", "administrativeArea": "Bremen", "postalCode": "28359", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Deutsche Saatveredelung AG", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=707a02ac-9240-4a2d-afbd-395b69756534", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "707a02ac-9240-4a2d-afbd-395b69756534", "name": "item", "description": "707a02ac-9240-4a2d-afbd-395b69756534", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/707a02ac-9240-4a2d-afbd-395b69756534"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2015-05-01T00:00:00Z", "2024-04-30T00:00:00Z"]}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Triticum+aestivum&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Triticum+aestivum&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Triticum+aestivum&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Triticum+aestivum&offset=30", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 30, "numberReturned": 30, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T23:10:48.730384Z"}