{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-08-10", "title": "Soil Microbial Indicators Sensitive To Land Use Conversion From Pastures To Commercial Eucalyptus Grandis (Hill Ex Maiden) Plantations In Uruguay", "description": "Commercial forest plantations have increased during the last decade in Uruguay in soils of low cropping capability. Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden) has been the main species planted due to its fast growth and adaptability to climate fluctuations. Assuming that the conversion from natural grazed pastures to commercial Eucalyptus plantations generates significant changes in the soil biological properties, we compared microbial enumeration and variables directly related to microbial activity to characterize these changes, as well as to determine the extent to which these soil biological properties change seasonally and with soil depth. The soil use conversion from pasture to forest land did not have a significant effect on the number of cellulolytic aerobes, P-solubilizers and Azotobacter spp. communities. Soil respiration, the C-mineralization coefficient, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were affected significantly. Microbial enumeration of cellulolytics, P-solubilizers and Azotobacter spp., and parameters related to microbial biomass, soil respiration and the C-mineralization coefficient showed marked effects of sampling season. This, however, was not the case for the relative levels of the enzyme activities evaluated. These results indicated that the enzyme activities evaluated were sensitive and reliable indicators of the biochemical changes generated by the soil use change. Spring appeared to be a better time for sampling than summer or winter because enzyme activities tended to be higher. Soil sampling depth was shown to be an important factor for obtaining consistent results, especially for the measurement of enzyme activities. For the last indicators, as well as the others, better results were obtained sampling and analyzing the upper 10 cm of the mineral soil profile. Our work suggested that microbial biomass, soil respiration, and enzyme activities are useful tools to assess biological soil quality changes due to the conversion of pasture land to planted E. grandis forest.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fernando Garc\u0131\u0301a-Pr\u00e9chac, Margarita Sicardi, Lillian Frioni,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-13", "title": "Microbial Transformation Of Organic Matter In Soils Of Montane Grasslands Under Different Management", "description": "The study compared the effects of mowing, mulching, and no-treatment, applied to a mountain grassland over five years, on microbial transformation of soil organic matter (SOM). Microbial biomass, microbial respiration, cellulose decomposition and mineralization were measured in the laboratory eight times during the three-year experiment. In addition, soil phosphatase activity and factors limiting microbial growth were assessed once to complete the results. Mowing increased soil microbial biomass and carbon use efficiency, which supported carbon sequestration in soil. In contrast, mulching led to a decrease in microbial biomass and microbial metabolic efficiency due to the limitation of easily decomposable carbon. This was a consequence of changes in temperature and light conditions under the mulch layer, which suppressed plant growth and rhizodeposition. Processes causing organic matter transformation in the mulched grassland were similar to those of the untreated grassland. Annual mowing appears to be most suitable for maintenance of SOM content and sustainability of montane grasslands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Miloslav \u0160imek, Miloslav \u0160imek, Hana \u0160antr\u016f\u010dkov\u00e1, Hana \u0160antr\u016f\u010dkov\u00e1, Eva Uhl\u00ed\u0159ov\u00e1, Eva Uhl\u00ed\u0159ov\u00e1,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.07.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-13", "title": "Short-Term Co2 Emissions From Planted Soil Subject To Elevated Co2 And Simulated Precipitation", "description": "Abstract   Carbon dioxide emissions from soils beneath canopies of two Mediterranean plants, Artemisia absinthium L. and Festuca pratensis Huds. cv. Demeter, were monitored over a 7-day period that included an artificial precipitation event of 4\u00a0cm. The experiments were conducted using 0.2\u00a0m3 soil microcosms inside greenhouses with CO2 concentrations of either 360 or 500\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121. Carbon dioxide flux from the soil surface, as calculated using a diffusive transport model agreed well with CO2 flux measurements made using a dynamic flow system. Soil CO2 emissions did not differ significantly between the 360 and 500\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2 treatments when soils were dry (volumetric soil moisture content \u22649%). A simulated precipitation event caused an immediate exhalation of CO2 from soil, after which CO2 emissions declined slightly and remained constant for approximately 36\u00a0h. CO2 emissions from soil microcosms with F. pratensis plants growing in 500\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2 then rose to levels that were significantly greater than CO2 emissions from soils in the microcosms exposed to 360\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2. For A. absinthium growing in 500\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2, the rise in soil CO2 emissions following the wetting event was not significantly greater than emissions from soils with A. absinthium growing under 360\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2. A. absinthium above ground biomass increased by 46.1 \u00b1 17.9% (mean \u00b1 S.E., n = 4, P \u2264 0.05). Above ground biomass did not significantly increase for F. pratensis (14.4 \u00b1 6.5%, P \u2265 0.10). Root biomass, on the other hand, increased for both species; by 50.6 \u00b1 17.9% (P \u2264 0.05) for A. absinthium and by 55.9 \u00b1 12.7% (P \u2264 0.05) for F. pratensis. Our results demonstrate two events following precipitation onto dry soils, an immediate release of CO2 followed by a gradual increase from enhanced biological activity The gradual increase was greater for the herbaceous ruderal perennial F. pratensis under elevated CO2.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.07.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.07.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.07.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.07.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-10", "title": "Shifting Cultivation Stability And Change: Contrasting Pathways Of Land Use And Livelihood Change In Laos", "description": "Rural areas in Laos are experiencing a rapid transformation from traditional rice-based shifting cultivation systems to more permanent and diversified market-oriented cultivation systems. The consequences of these changes for local livelihoods are not well known. This study analyzes the impact of shifting cultivation change on the livelihood of rural people in six villages in three districts of northern and central Laos. Focus group discussions and household interview questionnaires were employed for data collection. The study reveals that the shifting cultivation of rice is still important in these communities, but it is being intensified as cash crops are introduced. Changes in shifting cultivation during the past ten years vary greatly between the communities studied. In the northern study sites, it is decreasing in areas with rubber expansion and increasing in areas with maize expansion, while it is stable in the central site, where sugarcane is an important cash crop. The impacts of land use change on livelihoods are also diverse. Cash crop producers hold more agricultural land than non-cash crop producers, and rubber and sugarcane producers have fewer rice shortages than non-producers. In the future, livelihood improvements in the central study site may be replicated in the northern sites, but this depends to a large extent on the economic and agricultural settings into which cash crops and other development opportunities are introduced. Moreover, the expansion of cash crops appears to counteract Lao policies aimed at replacing shifting cultivation areas with forests.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "1. No poverty", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Geography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-12-22", "title": "The Effects Of C, N And P Additions On Soil Microbial Activity Under Two Remnant Tree Species In A Tropical Seasonal Pasture", "description": "Abstract   Although the availability of soil nutrients can constraint microbial activity, little is known about the interactive effects on soil microbial activity in tropical soils of nutrient addition and plant species. To test this effect, incubation experiments were carried out to assess the effects of C, N and P addition in soil samples from under two remnant tree species (Caesalpinia eriostachys and Cordia elaeagnoides) and a dominant grass species (Panicum maximum) in a tropical seasonal pastures in western Mexico. Substrate-induced respiration method was used to determine microbial activity in soil samples from dry and rainy seasons. In the dry season, the addition of C, N and P had no effect on the soil microbial activity, but this activity was strongly influenced by the plant species. The soil associated with C. elaeagnoides had a higher C mineralization and a lower net C immobilization in microbial biomass than the soil associated with C. eriostachys. In contrast, in the rainy season soil microbial activity was influenced by the interaction between the nutrient addition treatments and plant species. The addition of P enhanced microbial activity under C. elaeagnoides, while under C. eriostachys, added N increased accumulation of C in the microbial biomass. The differential response of soil microbial populations under both remnant tree species was explained by the soil\u2019s pH buffering capacity and by the amount of microbial biomass. However, under the grass species the addition of CNP and N increased C mineralization, but C and CNP addition treatments decreased net C immobilization. These results suggest that nutrient addition increased the decomposition of soil organic C, but the released C was not stabilized in the pasture soils. Thus, the fertilization of pasture soils is not a reliable soil management practice, because it does not contribute to sustaining the availability of soil C and nutrients during the growing season. The utilization of silvo-pastoral systems can be a better alternative for the management of the tropical pastures, but the selection of tree species is critical for successful results.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Felipe Garc\u00eda-Oliva, Leopoldo Galicia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-04", "title": "Simulating Soil Freeze/Thaw Cycles Typical Of Winter Alpine Conditions: Implications For N And P Availability", "description": "Abstract   Seasonally snow-covered alpine soils may be subjected to freeze/thaw cycles, particularly during years having little snow and during the late winter and early spring periods. Freeze/thaw cycles can stimulate soil mineralization and could therefore be one factor regulating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability and cycling. In this study laboratory incubation experiments using four soils having contrasting properties have been used to characterize the change in N and P forms (microbial and soluble inorganic/organic) that occur after simulated freeze/thaw cycles.  Soil samples were collected from locations representing extreme examples of either direct human management (grazed meadow (site M) and extensive grazing beneath larch (site L)) or those disturbed by more natural events (recent avalanche and colonisation by alder (site A)) and from beneath the expected forest climax vegetation beneath fir (site F). Topsoil from these sites, maintained at two different water contents (20 and 30%, w/w), were exposed to either a single (SF) or four sequential (4SF) freeze/thaw cycles. Each cycle consisted of 12\u00a0h at \u22129\u00a0\u00b0C and 12\u00a0h at +4\u00a0\u00b0C mimicking a diurnal pattern.  A SF cycle reduced microbial N for soils from sites F and A and was accompanied by a significant increase in dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) at both moisture contents. In contrast, the microbial N of soils from M and L was not affected by the freeze/thaw cycles, suggesting a particular adaptation of soil microbes to these extremes in temperature. Freeze/thaw cycles resulted in a significant increase in the net ammonification in all soils.  Extractable total dissolved N (TDN) and total dissolved P (TDP) increased in all soils after a SF cycle, however, the relative importance of the different N and P forms differed. At the lower soil moisture content, NO 3  \u2212  concentrations remained constant or slightly decreased in all soils, except that from site M. In all other soils DON appeared to replace NO 3  \u2212  as the potentially mobile N source after the freeze/thaw cycles. The relative contribution of dissolved organic P to TDP after freeze/thaw remained significant, and greater than 50% in all soils.  Freeze/thaw cycles, in seasonally snow covered soils, are likely to have a selective effect on the microbial biomass. Freezing and thawing resulted in a pulse of net ammonification and DON release, which represent an important influence upon N cycling in these alpine systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-08", "title": "Fertilization Responses Of Soil Litter Fauna And Litter Quantity, Quality, And Turnover In Low And High Elevation Forests Of Puerto Rico", "description": "Abstract   This study evaluates the effects of chemical fertilization on litter production, litter arthropods, and earthworms in tropical wet and cloud forests in the Luquillo Mountains in northeastern Puerto Rico. Litter production, chemistry and turnover, forest floor mass, litter arthropod density (individuals\u00a0g\u22121 dry litter), abundance (individuals\u00a0m\u22122) and diversity, and earthworm abundance and fresh mass (g\u00a0m\u22122) were measured in 20\u00a0m\u00a0\u00d7\u00a020\u00a0m control and fertilized plots. We hypothesized that fertilization would increase litter arthropod density, abundance and diversity in both forests through elevating litter production and improving litter quality, and the increased litter quality in fertilized plots was also expected to result in faster litter turnover rates. Fertilization significantly increased monthly litterfall production and litter quality as measured by leaf litter C/N and C/P ratios in both forests, and higher litter production led to significant litter accumulation on the forest floor. Litter arthropod abundance increased in the wet forest fertilized plots due to the accumulated litter. Higher litter quality did not affect litter arthropod density in either forest, and densities were slightly higher in the cloud forest. High litter quality increased litter turnover rate in the cloud forest only. A significant reduction in earthworm populations in fertilized plots may have offset the positive effect of litter quality on litter turnover in the wet forest. Shannon biodiversity index for litter arthropod taxa was similar between treatments in the wet forest, and was higher in the wet forest than cloud forest. We conclude that climate influences litter arthropod diversity, but differences in litter quantity and quality do not affect their densities in island tropical wet and cloud forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-16", "title": "Tillage Impacts On Microbial Biomass And Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics Of Corn And Cotton Rotations", "description": "Abstract   Long-term no tillage (NT) may enhance soil C sequestration and alter soil C and N dynamics. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of tillage on soil C and N sequestration and microbial C and N dynamics of corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping sequences after 20 years of management. Tillage regimes included conventional tillage (CT), moldboard plow (MP), minimum tillage (MT), and NT. No tillage increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) concentrations in surface soil (0\u20132.5\u00a0cm) for cotton but not for corn. Few tillage effects on SOC and SON were observed in subsurface soils. For corn, SOC and SON were 11 and 21% higher under NT than other tillage regimes at 0\u20132.5\u00a0cm, but were 22 and 12% lower under NT from 2.5 to 20\u00a0cm. Averaged between depths, SOC and SON for cotton were 8 and 7% greater under NT than CT, while NT and MT had 24 and 43% greater SOC and SON than MP. Soil organic C and SON were significantly greater for corn than cotton, but this did not result in greater microbial biomass and mineralizable C and N than for cotton. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were often highest under NT and MT in surface soils, but few tillage impacts were observed at 2.5\u201320\u00a0cm. Mineralizable C and N were highest under NT and MT in surface soils for corn and cotton, and in subsurface soils for cotton. Even though SOC and SON were greater for corn than cotton, cotton exhibited greater soil mineralizable C and N under NT and MT than corn, especially in subsurface soils. These results indicate a greater potential supply of N for the cotton than corn crop during the growing season. Increased SOM content in surface soils under reduced tillage may increase N mineralization and the nutrient supply to crops, but the potential of these soils for C and N sequestration appeared limited.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alan L. Wright, Frank M. Hons, John E. Matocha,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-09", "title": "Effects Of Invasive Scotch Broom On Soil Properties In A Pacific Coastal Prairie Soil", "description": "Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) is a leguminous shrub, native to Europe that has invaded significant areas of the Pacific Northwest and rigorously competes with native vegetation. Mineral soils under scotch broom colonies and adjacent coastal prairie on the Mendocino Coast of Northern California were sampled to determine how soil properties and microbial processes have been affected. Soils under scotch broom were significantly more acidic and had greater organic matter content than prairie soils. The activities of two soil enzymes responsible for processing major detrital carbon and phosphorus pools were significantly higher under scotch broom. Organic matter accumulation with no change in C:N, a greater increase in phosphatase activity (123%) than in \u03b2-glucosidase (84%) under scotch broom, and a significant difference between soil C:P under scotch broom (619) and prairie vegetation (470) all suggest that the coupling of nutrient cycles has changed.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bruce A. Caldwell", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-09", "title": "Exotic Purple Loosestrife Invasion Of Native Cattail Freshwater Wetlands: Effects On Organic Matter Distribution And Soil Nitrogen Cycling", "description": "Abstract   The ecological consequences of exotic plant invasion have focused largely on interactions with native plants or animals, whereas ecosystem level consequences, such as organic matter accumulation, soil nitrogen (N) transformations, hydrological fluctuation and changes in surface water chemistry remain largely unknown. We studied the invasion of exotic emergent plant purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) in a freshwater wetland dominated by cattail (Typha latifolia). Transects were set in Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge, NY that originated in a pure Typha area, crossed over mixed zone, and extended into a pure Lythrum area. Comparing monotypic plots, there was significantly more standing-dead biomass of Lythrum than Typha (1.88\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122 versus 0.59\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122); while collapsed dead Typha shoots formed a layer of litter which was absent in the Lythrum area. Soil organic matter content was significantly higher in Lythrum sediment than in Typha sediment (35.2\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122 versus 27.5\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122, down to 20\u00a0cm deep). Average monthly N mineralization rates were significantly higher in the Lythrum plots than in Typha plots (911\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122 versus 638\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0m\u22122). N transformations were also controlled by local hydrology. Net N mineralization rates were more than doubled when water table dropped to expose the sediment to the atmosphere, and ammonium production was changed to nitrate production. Surface water NH4+ and NO3\u2212 concentrations remained low in all sites, suggesting strong plant uptake by both species. In a concurrent greenhouse study, we found Lythrum plants transpired about twice the amount of water as Typha, and had above- and below-ground biomass that more than doubled that of Typha. The combined field and greenhouse studies suggest that Lythrum invasion may cause changes in organic matter distribution, N cycling and water chemistry in freshwater wetlands.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wei-Xing Zhu, Scott S. Fickbohm,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-05", "title": "Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Changes As Affected By Tillage System And Crop Biomass In A Corn\u2013Soybean Rotation", "description": "A wide range of tillage systems have been used by producers in the Corn-Belt in the United States during the past decade due to their economic and environmental benefits. However, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) and crop responses to these tillage systems are not well documented in a corn\u2013soybean rotation. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different tillage systems on SOC and SON, residue C and N inputs, and corn and soybean yields across Iowa. The first experiment consisted of no-tillage (NT) and chisel plow (CP) treatments, established in 1994 in Clarion\u2013 Nicollet\u2013Webster (CNW), Galva\u2013Primghar\u2013Sac (GPS), Kenyon\u2013Floyd\u2013Clyde (KFC), Marshall (M), and Otley\u2013Mahaska\u2013 Taintor (OMT) soil associations. The second experiment consisted of NT, strip-tillage (ST), CP, deep rip (DR), and moldboard plow (MP) treatments, established in 1998 in the CNW soil association. Both corn and soybean yields of NT were statistically comparable to those of CP treatment for each soil association in a corn\u2013soybean rotation during the 7 years of tillage practices. The NT, ST, CP, and DR treatments produced similar corn and soybean yields as MP treatment in a corn\u2013soybean rotation during the 3 years of tillage implementation of the second experiment. Significant increases in SOC of 17.3, 19.5, 6.1, and 19.3% with NT over CP treatment were observed at the top 15-cm soil depth in CNW, KFC, M, and OMT soil associations, respectively, except for the GPS soil association in a corn\u2013soybean rotation at the end of 7 years. The NT and ST resulted in significant increases in SOC of 14.7 and 11.4%, respectively, compared with MP treatment after 3 years. Changes in SON due to tillage were similar to those observed with SOC in both experiments. The increases in SOC and SON in NT treatment were not attributed to the vertical stratification of organic C and N in the soil profile or annual C and N inputs from crop residue, but most likely due to the decrease in soil organic matter mineralization in wet and cold soil conditions. It was concluded that NT and ST are superior to CP and MP in increasing SOC and SON in the top 15 cm in the short-term. The adoption of NT or CP can be an effective strategy in increasing SOC and SON in the Corn-Belt soils without significant adverse impact on corn and soybean yields in a corn\u2013soybean rotation. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-02", "title": "The Invasive Shrub European Buckthorn (Rhamnus Cathartica, L.) Alters Soil Properties In Midwestern Us Woodlands", "description": "European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica), a prevalent invasive shrub in relict woodlands throughout Northeastern Illinois, alters certain soil properties in a manner that may have importance for the long-term conservation management of these systems. We found that soil in areas of the woodland where buckthorn dominates have higher percentage of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C), modified nitrogen mineralization rates, elevated pH, and higher soil moisture than those areas where buckthorn was not present. Although there were small C:N ratio differences at two of the three sites, there was no overall difference in C:N ratios between the sites. Since the long-term management for these systems often calls for restoration to pre-invaded conditions, the likelihood that the invasive shrub is creating a legacy effect of altered ecosystems properties may call for reassessed management strategies.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Soil C And N Dynamics In Primary And Secondary Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests In Mexico", "description": "The nature and size of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools and turnover were compared in secondary and primary forests in a seasonally dry tropical region of Mexico. Total soil C and N, microbial biomass C and N, mineral (ammonium and nitrate) N pools and potential mineralization and nitrification were measured in samples collected during the dry and rainy seasons in early-, mid-, late-successional and primary forests. We hypothesized that the previous agricultural land use of secondary forests would result in lower soil C and N stocks than in primary forest soils, as well as in the seasonal dynamics changes of these two elements. The expected pattern of decreasing soil C and N after a previous agricultural land use did not occur. Soil C was unaffected by the successional stage of the forest. In addition, early- and mid-successional forests registered the highest total and mineral N pools and potential N transformations, whereas primary forests had the lowest N pools and potential cycling. The total soil C and N pools did not change with the sampling season. However, the nitrate pool decreased at the beginning of the rainy season in all forest soils, as did the ammonium pool in primary forests. A striking contrast of the effects of the rainfall (i.e., dry season versus rainy season) seasonality on the microbial biomass and its C:N ratio was observed among forests; late-successional and primary forests recorded the lowest values of both parameters at the beginning of the rainy season, whereas early- and mid-successional forests showed the highest values at this sampling date. Therefore, potential N transformations in all forests were the highest during the rainy season. Our study on the consequences of the land cover change on soils, following the discontinuation of agricultural practices, allows us to conclude that the nutrient dynamics in this ecosystem will vary depending on the successional stage of the forests. This work suggests that the full restoration of soil C and N dynamics will take ca. 60 years of secondary succession.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.11.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-02-08", "title": "N And C Transformations In Long-Term N-Fertilized Forest Soils In Response To Seasonal Drought", "description": "Abstract   The aim of this study was to determine the response of N and C transformations in the soil to seasonal drought in repeatedly N-fertilized forest soils. The study sites were long-term N fertilization experiments in two Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) stands growing on rather fertile sites in southern Finland. The treatments were control (C), control exposed to seasonal drought (C\u00a0+\u00a0D), N fertilization (N), and N fertilization combined with drought (N\u00a0+\u00a0D). To the N-fertilized plots, about 600\u20131000\u00a0kg/ha nitrogen had been applied over a period of 35 years. For the drought treatment, the plots were covered with a plastic roof 1\u20134\u00a0m above ground level for 2\u20133 months in May\u2013July. Soil was sampled before and after the drought treatments. Net N mineralization, net nitrification, and C mineralization (CO2-evolution) were studied in incubation experiments after soil moisture had been adjusted to constant soil moisture content (60% water-holding capacity (WHC)). Taken as a whole, no major differences were observed in the net formation of mineral N in drought-treated soils compared to untreated soils, but in N-fertilized soil, net formation of mineral N tended to increase due to drought. Previous drought treatment also tended to increase net nitrification, but did not change the average rate of C mineralization, at least not in over the longer term. Soil samples were also incubated at the original soil moisture content. The response of different processes to drought seemed to vary, net nitrification being the most sensitive. Amounts of microbial biomass C and N were lowest in soil samples from the plots that had received N additions, but the drought-treated plots did not differ much from other plots.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "kuivuus", "ilmastonmuutos", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "hiilen transformaatio", "typen transformaatio", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "typpilannoitus", "6. Clean water", "mets\u00e4maa", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Smolander, A., Barnette, L., Kitunen, V., Lumme, I.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.12.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-13", "title": "Seasonality Of Soil Biological Properties In A Poplar Plantation Growing Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Abstract   Microorganisms are the regulators of decomposition processes occurring in soil, they also constitute a labile fraction of potentially available N. Microbial mineralization and nutrient cycling could be affected through altered plant inputs at elevated CO2. An understanding of microbial biomass and microbial activity in response to belowground processes induced by elevated CO2 is thus crucial in order to predict the long-term response of ecosystems to climatic changes. Microbial biomass, microbial respiration, inorganic N, extractable P and six enzymatic activities related to C, N, P and S cycling (\u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, chitinase, protease, acid phosphatase and arylsulphatase) were investigated in soils of a poplar plantation exposed to elevated CO2. Clones of Populus alba, Populus nigra and Populus x euramericana were grown in six 314\u00a0m2 plots treated either with atmospheric (control) or enriched (550\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00a0mol\u22121 CO2) CO2 concentration with FACE technology (free-air CO2 enrichment). Chemical and biochemical parameters were monitored throughout a year in soil samples collected at five sampling dates starting from Autumn 2000 to Autumn 2001.  The aim of the present work was: (1) to determine if CO2 enrichment induces modifications to soil microbial pool size and metabolism, (2) to test how the seasonal fluctuations of soil biochemical properties and CO2 level interact, (3) to evaluate if microbial nutrient acquisition activity is changed under elevated CO2.  CO2 enrichment significantly affected soil nutrient content and three enzyme activities: acid phosphatase, chitinase and arylsulphatase, indicators of nutrient acquisition activity. Microbial biomass increased by a 16% under elevated CO2. All soil biochemical properties were significantly affected by the temporal variability and the interaction between time and CO2 level significantly influenced \u03b2-glucosidase activity and microbial respiration. Data on arylsulphatase and chitinase activity suggest a possible shift of microbial population in favour of fungi induced by the FACE treatment.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-20", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Management On Chemical And Biological Parameters In Agricultural Soils", "description": "Abstract   A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in The Netherlands to determine the effect of management practices on chemical and biological soil properties and soil health. Soils from thirteen accredited organic farms and conventionally managed neighboring farms were analyzed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analyses, a nematode community analysis and an enquiry about different management practices among the farmers. Organic management, known primarily for the abstinence of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, resulted in significantly lower levels of both nitrate and total soluble nitrogen in the soil, higher numbers of bacteria of different trophic groups, as well as larger species richness in both bacteria and nematode communities and more resilience to a drying\u2013rewetting disturbance in the soil. The organic farmers plough their fields less deeply and tend to apply more organic carbon to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher organic carbon content in their soils. The levels of ammonium, organic nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus did not differ, significantly between the soils under different management. Fifty percent of the conventional Dutch farmers also used organic fertilizers and the numbers of farmers using a green crop fertilizer did not differ between the two management types. Soil type \u2013 clayey or sandy soil \u2013 in general had a much stronger effect on the soil characteristics than management type. The soil type influenced pH, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and organic carbon levels as well as numbers of oligotrophic bacteria and of different groups of nematodes, and different diversity indices. With the collected data set certain soil characteristics could also be attributed to the use of different management practices like plow depth, crop or cover crop type or to the management history of the soil.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystems", "microbial-populations", "species composition", "plant", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maturity index", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "diversity", "communities", "gradient gel-electrophoresis", "low-input", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Diepeningen, A.D., de Vos, O.J., Korthals, G.W., van Bruggen, A.H.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.03.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-28", "title": "Biochemical Variability Of Olive-Orchard Soils Under Different Management Systems", "description": "Abstract   This work undertakes the biochemical characterization of olive-orchard soils cultivated under three different management systems: conventional, integrated, and organic. The orchards are located in two districts of Andalusia (S Spain): Pedroches Valley (Cordoba province) and Montes Orientales (Granada province). In each soil, the activities of various enzymes were determined \u2013 oxide reductases (dehydrogenase, o-diphenol oxidase), hydrolytic activities linked to the C- and P-cycles (\u03b2-glucosidase and phosphatase) and indolacetic acid production (auxins) \u2013 as were phenol concentrations, pH, and total organic carbon of the soil.  The biochemical activity of the soils studied differed depending on the cultivation or weed\u2013control system. The soils developed under organic management in general presented greater biological activity and greater hydrolytic activity than those under integrated or conventional cultivation. The data, processed by discriminant analysis, divided the soils into three well-differentiated groups. Of all the soils considered a priori as soils under organic management, 89% were classified as belonging to the same group, while the remaining 11% showed characteristics similar to those of the integrated management group. The discriminant analysis proved especially effective to differentiate olive-orchard soils treated with herbicides from those without such treatment; the fit between the soils considered as belonging to each of the weed\u2013control systems and those predicted by the discriminant model was 100%.  The biochemical response of the soil, therefore, differed according to the type of management, and this could be used as a possible control system of crops under organic cultivation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.06.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-05", "title": "A global review of subaqueous spreading and its morphological and sedimentological characteristics: A database for highlighting the current state of the art", "description": "Highlights  \u2022    Subaqueous spreading occurs on gently inclined surfaces (<3\u00b0). \u2022    Gliding planes could be clays or sandy materials undergoing loss of strength. \u2022    It is documented on some of the largest marine landslides. \u2022    SubSpread Database includes 32 case studies. \u2022    Contourite and glaciogenic deposits represent often the slipping surfaces.  Abstract  Subaqueous spreading, a type of extensional mass transport that is characterized by a ridge and trough morphology, has been documented globally but is poorly understood. Subaqueous spreading is observed on gently inclined surfaces (typically <3\u00b0) when sediment bodies experience a sudden reduction of shear strength along their basal plane during clay softening or liquefaction of sands or silty sand sediment. Historically, spreading has been associated with very large landslides, but many unknown aspects of these mass movements have yet to be clarified. Does spreading influences the large catastrophic failure? What are the sedimentological and morphological aspects that contribute in initiating this process? These are some of the research questions that spurred the present work. Here, we introduce a database that incorporates information from thirty-two case studies, and use this to provide key insights into the sedimentary and morphological aspects of subaqueous spreading that will assist in the identification of spreading elsewhere. We find that subaqueous spreading is most common along passive glacial margins, but is also observed along active margins. The occurrence of contourites interlayered with glaciogenic deposits is, in most cases, associated with landslides (or landslide complexes) with spreading morphology. The database shows that seismic loading is commonly suggested to be the dominant trigger mechanism, although more geotechnical observations and modelling analysis would be needed to support this conclusion. We compare subaqueous spreading with terrestrial spreading, in particular to earthquake-related lateral spreading and clay landslides. We find that subaqueous spreading shares the same driving processes and potentially also some of the trigger mechanisms that are associated with the terrestrial spreading cases. Future work will be required to address the association between spreading and its occurrence on some of the largest landslides on Earth, its development mechanism, and its potential hazard implications.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "14. Life underwater", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/56812/8/1-s2.0-S0169555X22002902-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geomorphology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108397"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-27", "title": "Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance Of Microorganisms From Forest Soil Organic Layers Polluted With Zn Or Cu", "description": "Abstract   The long-term accumulation of heavy metals in forest soil organic layers may adversely affect soil microorganisms. The objectives of the study were to assess the effects of high contents of Cu and Zn on the soil microbial communities and their tolerance to metal pollution. Several microbial indices such as microbial biomass (C mic ), the basal soil respiration (BAS), the community level physiological profiles (CLPP) and the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach, based on Biolog \u00ae  EcoPlate assay, were used. The soil organic layer samples were taken in the Cu-polluted (CuP), Zn-polluted (ZnP) and unpolluted (UP) Scots pine forests. Despite very high total heavy metal concentrations in soils C mic , BAS and CLPPs at the polluted sites did not differ from those at the UP sites. A damaging effect of heavy metals was detected only by the tolerance measurements with Biolog \u00ae  plates. PICT to Cu at the CuP sites was found for five substrates. At the ZnP sites significant PICT to Zn was found for 10 out of 31 substrates. Furthermore, the CuP samples exhibited lower resistance to Zn and the ZnP samples to Cu compared with the UP samples, indicating that at the polluted sites microbial resistance to additional stress caused by another metal was decreased. Since the tolerance measurements using Biolog \u00ae  assay appeared to be more sensitive than other methods used, we concluded that this approach could be useful in environmental risk assessment.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-09", "title": "Changes Of Natural C-13 Abundance In Microbial Biomass During Litter Decomposition", "description": "Abstract   The carbon (C) isotopic composition of soil microbial biomass (SMB) was measured in litter-amended and control plots located at three different elevations (280\u20132210\u00a0m, sea level) during the decomposition of plant litter (Vicia villosa) added to upland soils in southwest China. Fourteen months around the addition of litter, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) was followed during experiments. Results showed that SMBC was significantly higher in the litter-amended plots than the controls at the two lowest but not the highest elevation and there was no corresponding difference in microbial \u03b413C values at the same time. However, microbial \u03b413C values at the two lowest sites were significantly higher in the litter-amended plots immediately following the peak of microbial C. The \u03b413C value of SMBC in litter-amended plot was higher than that in control plot, indicating that the degree of microbial decomposition and quality of plant litter will effect on shift of \u03b413C values of SMBC, which may be mainly caused by microbial selective utilization of organic compounds. The sequence of magnitude of \u03b413C value of SMBC was consistent with that of soil organic carbon (SOC) among three experiment sites, indicating that the \u03b413C value of SMBC reflects gross changes in the \u03b413C value of SOC in the corresponding samples.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J.M. Zhu, Liu Chunliang, He-Chun Piao, G.S. Liu, F.X. Tao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-21", "title": "Differences In Soil Respiration Between Different Tropical Ecosystems", "description": "We examined the relationship between soil respiration rate and environmental determinants in three types of tropical forest ecosystem\u2014primary forest, secondary forest, and an oil palm plantation in the Pasoh Forest Reserve on the Malaysian Peninsula. In August 2000, the soil respiration rate and environmental factors (soil temperature, soil water content, soil C and N contents, biomass of fine roots, and microbes) were measured at 12\u201316 points in research quadrats. Soil respiration rates were 831 \ufffd 480, 1104 \ufffd 995,", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-14", "title": "Carbon Dioxide And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes From Soil As Influenced By Anecic And Endogeic Earthworms", "description": "Earthworm-microbial interactions may stimulate CO2 and N2O emissions from soil. This study examined the influence of anecic and endogeic earthworms, represented byLumbricus terrestris L. and Aporrectodea caliginosa Savigny, on CO2 and N2O fluxes, and on the processes (denitrification, nitrification) that lead to N2O flux from an agricultural soil. Laboratory microcosms, with and without earthworms, were incubated at 15 8C and 40% water-filled pore space, and headspace gases were sampled after 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Denitrifica- tion and nitrification processes were then evaluated in a 24 h acetylene inhibition experi- ment. Earthworms were responsible for 7-58% of the total CO2 flux from soil, compared to the control (no earthworms), but did not affect the N2O flux. The CO2 flux was greater when more earthworms were present, and in microcosms with mixed L. terrestris and A. caliginosa populations, suggesting that microbial respiration could be stimulated by the interactions of anecic and endogeic earthworms. Denitrification was the dominant process leading to N2O production from microcosms with L. terrestris, while nitrification was more important in microcosms with A. caliginosa. Microcosms with mixed populations produced more N2O from denitrification than nitrification. Species-specific stimulation of nitrifiers and deni- trifiers may be related to unique structures (casts, burrows) produced by L. terrestris and A. caliginosa, but this remains to be confirmed.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-10-27", "title": "Variation In Macrofaunal Communities Under Contrasting Land Use Systems In Eastern Zambia", "description": "This study compared soil macrofauna under miombo woodland, maize grown in agroforestry systems including fallows of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), acacia (Acacia anguistissima), leucaena (Leucaena collinsi) and calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus), and monoculture maize at Mesekera (loamy ferric luvisols) and Kalunga (sandy ferric luvisols), Zambia. Richness, estimated by the number of taxa per sample, varied significantly with land use category and treatments within a land use category at both sites. The highest and lowest richness in invertebrate taxa was recorded under the miombo woodland and monoculture maize, respectively. The abundance of total macrofauna (all taxa combined) was highest under the miombo woodland and lowest under monoculture maize. Abundance of macrofauna under the various land use categories was also higher in December\u2010February (rainy season) than in July (dry season). Millipedes and centipedes were present in 0\u20105% of the soil samples under monoculture maize at the two sites, and in 10\u201030% of the samples at any given time under the miombo woodland and agroforestry land use categories. Earthworms, beetles and ants were generally scarcer under monoculture maize compared to the agroforestry species. Maize grain yield was higher when grown with tree species such as gliricidia that produced good quality organic inputs and harboured more litter transformers than those with low quality inputs such as calliandra. It is concluded that improved fallows using these legumes have positive impacts on soil invertebrates. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.09.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-02", "title": "Heavy Metal Toxicity In Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Viciae Isolated From Soils Subjected To Different Sources Of Heavy-Metal Contamination: Effects On Protein Expression", "description": "Heavy metals adversely influence microorganisms, affecting their growth, morphology and activities. Metals also can exert a selective pressure on the organisms, resulting in microbial populations with higher tolerance to metals. Given the importance of legumes in animal and human consumption and their use in maintaining soil fertility, some attention has been given to the effects that heavy metals exert on Rhizobium isolates. In this context, Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae was isolated from areas with different heavy metal contents and their tolerances were compared. Alterations in the protein pool of Rhizobium populations were also evaluated. Physicochemical parameters were determined and heavy metal concentrations in soils were analysed by ICP-AES. Isolates were screened for their tolerance in YEM media supplemented with different heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Co, Cd, Ni, Cr). Proteins were extracted and separated by SDS-PAGE. EI1 and EI2 (engineering industries) soils presented the highest metal concentration, and were therefore the most polluted soils. Isolates showed different growth responses to heavy metals. C (control soil) and M (mines) isolates were less tolerant than EI1, EI2 and CI (chemical industries) isolates. Metals influenced their protein profiles, most of the alterations corresponding to decreases in polypeptide expression. However, in tolerant isolates these alterations corresponding basically to increases, as occurred in CI isolates.    This work suggests that there is a relationship between Rhizobium's tolerance, heavy metal soil contamination and alterations in protein pool. As a result, the analysis of protein alterations seems to be a good indicator to estimate the level of stress imposed on Rhizobium populations submitted to heavy-metal contamination.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.10.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-05", "title": "Effects Of Macro-Decomposers On Litter Decomposition And Soil Properties In Alpine Pastureland: A Mesocosm Experiment", "description": "Abstract   To analyse decomposition dynamics on abandoned alpine pastureland where organic material accumulates on the soil surface a mesocosm experiment was conducted. Twelve treatments were set up in a two-factorial design analysing food preferences (grass or dwarf shrub litter) of primary (Lumbricus rubellus, Dendrobaena octaedra, Cylindroiulus fulviceps) and secondary macro-decomposers (Octolasion lacteum, Enantiulus nanus), and their effect on decomposition processes, soil and microbial parameters (pH, soil organic matter content, C/N ratio, soil aggregate stability, basal respiration, microbial biomass).  The primary decomposers L. rubellus and C. fulviceps strongly increased decomposition, while secondary decomposers and the presence of both a primary and a secondary decomposer had no or even negative effects on litter breakdown. Surprisingly, L. rubellus and C. fulviceps preferentially fed on dwarf shrub litter which we assumed to be of low food quality. It is concluded that factors other than the quality of the litter material are responsible for the reduced litter decomposition on abandoned alpine pastureland.  Most soil parameters (pH, soil organic matter content, C/N ratio, basal respiration) were only slightly affected by the presence of decomposer species. Effects of interactions between earthworms significantly increased soil aggregate stability by 10\u201315% and microbial biomass by up to 121%. On the other hand the presence of millipedes significantly decreased soil aggregate stability and microbial biomass. Although most soil chemical and microbial parameters were only slightly affected by the presence of soil animals, presumably due to the short incubation time, statistical analyses showed the presence of macro-decomposers to be an important factor for litter decomposition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-19", "title": "Influence Of Organic And Mineral Amendments On Microbial Soil Properties And Processes", "description": "Abstract   Microbial diversity in soils is considered important for maintaining sustainability of agricultural production systems. However, the links between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes are not well understood. This study was designed to gain better understanding of the effects of short-term management practices on the microbial community and how changes in the microbial community affect key soil processes. The effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) on soil biology and N dynamics was determined in two soils with organic and conventional management histories that varied in soil microbial properties but had the same fertility. The soils were amended with equal amounts of N (100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121) in organic (lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.) and mineral form (urea), respectively. Over a 91-day period, microbial biomass C and N, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, community structure of pseudomondas (sensu stricto), actinomycetes and \u03b1 proteobacteria (by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) following PCR amplification of 16S rDNA fragments) and N mineralisation were measured. Lupin amendment resulted in a two- to five-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activity, while these parameters did not differ significantly between the urea and control treatments. The PCR\u2013DGGE analysis showed that the addition of mineral and organic compounds had an influence on the microbial community composition in the short term (up to 10 days) but the effects were not sustained over the 91-day incubation period. Microbial community structure was strongly influenced by the presence or lack of substrate, while the type of amendment (organic or mineral) had an effect on microbial biomass size and activity. These findings show that the addition of green manures improved soil biology by increasing microbial biomass and activity irrespective of management history, that no direct relationship existed among microbial structure, enzyme activity and N mineralisation, and that microbial community structure (by PCR\u2013DGGE) was more strongly influenced by inherent soil and environmental factors than by short-term management practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "nitrogen mineralisation", "urea", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure", "Marsden::300102 Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "microbial community structure", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DGGE", "organic and conventional farming practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-30", "title": "The Effect Of Litter Quality And Soil Faunal Composition On Organic Matter Dynamics In Post-Mining Soil: A Laboratory Study", "description": "Abstract   Laboratory microcosms were constructed consisting of mineral soil (alkaline clay spoil substrate from brown-coal mine tailings) and two types of litter: (1) taken from an unreclaimed site with naturally developed vegetation (mostly Salix caprea) or (2) collected from an alder plantation (a mixture of Alnus glutinosa and A. incana). Microcosms with both kinds of litter were inoculated with five different types of decomposer community: (1) microorganisms-only, (2) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna, (3) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0litter feeding macro-arthropods (millipedes and diptern larvae), (4) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0litter dwelling earthworms (Dendrobaena octaedra and Dendrodrilus rubidus) and (5) microorganisms\u00a0+\u00a0mesofauna\u00a0+\u00a0Lumbricus rubellus. Microorganisms and animals used for microcosms inoculation were collected in the same sites as the litter used in the microcosms. Four replicates for each of 10 treatments were incubated in the dark at 15\u00a0\u00b0C for 90 days.  The presence of macrofauna resulted in more extensive litter removal from the litter layer in microcosms derived from the reclaimed site, while in microcosms derived from the unreclaimed site, litter removal increased significantly only in the earthworm treatment. Litter removal was correlated with the accumulation of carbon in the mineral layer of the unreclaimed site microcosms (r\u00a0=\u00a00.802), while for the reclaimed site material it was correlated with C loss from the microcosms (r\u00a0=\u00a00.704). Removal of litter from the litter layer and accumulation of C and N in the mineral layer increased microbial respiration and biomass measured as total PLFA.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-13", "title": "Synergistic Effect Of A Tropical Earthworm Balanteodrilus Pearsei And Velvetbean Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis On Maize Growth And Crop Production", "description": "Abstract   Many Mexican and Central American farmers use the legume cover crop Mucuna pruriens (velvetbean) to reduce weed growth, enhance soil fertility, and reduce the use of irrigation, tillage and herbicides. This cropping system can also maintain abundant native earthworm populations, such as of the endogeic species Balanteodrilus pearsei, although the functional significance of these earthworms, particularly their effects on litter decomposition and plant growth are still mostly unknown. Therefore, a completely randomized 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a02 factorial was set up to investigate the effects of B. pearsei and M. pruriens litter on maize growth under controlled conditions. One maize plant was grown in each bucket for 120 days and each treatment was replicated 10 times. Treatments consisted of: soil without B. pearsei and without M. pruriens residues (S); soil with B. pearsei and without M. pruriens litter (SB); soil with M. pruriens and without B. pearsei litter (SM); soil with B. pearsei and M. pruriens residues (SBM). In SBM, biomass, abundance and sexual maturity of B. pearsei were, respectively, 1.6, 1.4 and 2.4 times higher than in the treatment lacking M. pruriens (SB). B. pearsei presence significantly reduced the amount of M. pruriens litter mass remaining on the soil surface. Maize root biomass and grain yields were significantly higher in SBM than in SM, S and SB. Grain yield was significantly related to B. pearsei abundance and biomass, as well as to M. pruriens litter breakdown. The positive yields effects of SBM in this experiment appear to be due to a synergistic effect of B. pearsei and M. pruriens. These findings point to the importance of providing adequate conditions for earthworm activity in tropical agroecosystems, together with organic residue management, to enhance soil fertility, crop yields and agricultural sustainability.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.07.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-28", "title": "Effects Of Ecological Restoration On Microbial Activity, Microbial Functional Diversity, And Soil Organic Matter In Mixed-Oak Forests Of Southern Ohio, Usa", "description": "Abstract   As a result of many decades of fire suppression and atmospheric deposition the deciduous forests of eastern North America have changed significantly in stem density, basal area, tree size-frequency distribution, and community structure. Consequently, soil organic matter quality and quantity, nutrient availability, and microbial activity have likely been altered. This study evaluated the effects of four alternative forest ecosystem restoration strategies on soil microbial activity, microbial functional diversity, soil organic C, and soil N status in two mixed-oak ( Quercus  spp.) forests in southern Ohio, USA. The soils of these forests were sampled during the fourth growing season after application of (1) prescribed fire, (2) thinning of the understory and midstory to pre-settlement characteristics, (3) the combination of fire and thinning, and (4) an untreated control. Prescribed fire, with or without thinning, resulted in increased bacterial but not fungal activity when assessed using Biolog \u00ae . In contrast, assays of acid phosphatase and phenol oxidase activity indicated greater microbial activity in the thinning treatment than in the other three treatments. Functional diversity of both bacteria and fungi was affected by restoration treatment, with the bacterial and fungal assemblages present in the thin\u00a0+\u00a0burn sites and the fungal assemblage present in the thinned sites differing significantly from those of the control and burned sites. Treatments did not result in significant differences in soil organic C content among experimental sites; however, the soil C:N ratio was significantly greater in thinned sites than in sites given the other three treatments. Similarly, there were no significant differences in dissolve inorganic N, dissolved organic N, or microbial biomass N among treatments. Bacterial and fungal functional diversity was altered significantly. Based on Biolog \u00ae  utilization treatments the bacterial assemblage in the thin-only treatment appeared to be relatively N-limited and the fungal assemblage relatively C-limited, whereas in the thin\u00a0+\u00a0burn treatment this was reversed. Although effects of restoration treatments on soil organic matter and overall microbial activity may not persist through the fourth post-treatment year, effects on microbial functional diversity are persistent.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ralph E. J. Boerner, C. Giai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-05", "title": "Impact Of Organic Amendments On The Dynamics Of Soil Microbial Biomass And Bacterial Communities In Cultivated Land", "description": "Abstract   In the course of a 1 year study on agricultural plots (mustard-beet) the impact of organic materials and soil management on soil microbial communities was assessed after amendment with three types of organic materials (sewage sludge, turkey manure and compost made of turkey manure and ligneous waste) and a mineral fertilizer. Transient impacts on potential metabolic activity, on genetic structure and on quantities of soil microorganisms, measured with three different methods ( C  mic , total DNA content and CFU enumeration), were observed. The extent of these impacts depended on the composition of the amendment. The proportions of mineralisable carbon and lignin in organic materials seemed to influence the behaviour of the bacterial communities during the first 3 months after amendment. After a period of 6 months, no effect specific to the type of organic materials was detected. The dynamics of microbial biomass was assessed by both microbial carbon and by total DNA, but no correlation was found between the results; DNA seemed to be more sensitive to time-related variations in microbial biomass. Finally, although the bacterial functional and genetic structures were strongly modified between 3 and 6 months, this modification was not related to the type of amendment. This result suggests that organic amendments have less effect than seasonal variations or others anthropic factors such as the mechanical management of the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.10.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-17", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Inorganic Fertilizers On Microbial Biomass And Community Functional Diversity In A Paddy Soil Derived From Quaternary Red Clay", "description": "Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizers on microbial biomass and community functional diversity were investigated in a paddy soil derived from quaternary red clay in the Red Soil Ecological Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The original soil is extremely eroded, characterized by low pH and deficiencies of available nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen. After 13 years application of inorganic fertilizers for flooded double rice crops, the number of cultivable microorganisms was significantly larger, and microbial biomass and community functional diversity were significantly higher in the treatments fertilized with P than those in the treatments without P fertilization. The significant effects of P application were mainly due to enhanced growth of rice crops and accumulation of soil organic carbon through increased root turnover and rhizodeposition. The soil was also deficient in N, but stimulation by N application of microbial biomass and community functional diversity as well as rice crop yields could be achieved only after improvement of the P supply. K application had no effect on rice crop yield or on microbial parameters. Most microbial parameters were mainly correlated with soil organic carbon content rather than P and N, indicating that the application of P and N did not directly affect microbial parameters in the soil, but did so indirectly by increasing crop yields, thus promoting the accumulation of soil organic matter.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "W.H. Zhong, W.H. Zhong, Zucong Cai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-11", "title": "Beech Leaf Degradation In Laboratory Experiments: Effects Of Eight Detritivorous Invertebrate Species", "description": "This work addresses the impact of eight detritivorous species of soil macro-invertebrates (three millipedes, two woodlice and three earthworms) on short-term carbon mineralization and mechanical breakdown of beech leaves. The production rate, size class distribution and OM content of invertebrate faeces were also measured. Hierarchical clustering (HC) and multivariate analysis were performed to find relevant functional groups among the species studied.Our results identified three groups of macro-invertebrates on the basis of their impacts on beach leaf degradation (hierarchical clustering): (1) invertebrates that produce fresh faeces with high N contents compared with other species (i.e. polydesmidae and a single species of lumbricidae); (2) other lumbricidae that fragment litter into fine particles in their faeces and actively stimulate CO2 release; (3) other arthropods that fragment litter into coarse particles and have weak impacts on OM mineralization. These groups over-ride taxonomy, and are proposed as a tentative functional classification of litter dwelling invertebrates. On the other hand, an idiosyncratic impact of species was observed in each group, highlighting how much empirical data are still needed to propose a robust functional classification of litter invertebrates.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "Diplopods", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Idiosyncrasy", "Functional classification", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Isopods", "01 natural sciences", "Litter transformers", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-11-21", "title": "Soil Enzyme Activities, Microbial Community Composition And Function After 47 Years Of Continuous Green Manuring", "description": "Green manuring practices can influence soil microbial community composition and function and there is a need to investigate the influence compared with other types of organic amendment. This study reports long-term effects of green manure amendments on soil microbial properties, based on a field experiment started in 1956. In the experiment, various organic amendments, including green manure, have been applied at a rate of 4 t C ha(-1) every second year. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) indicated that the biomass of bacteria, fungi and total microbial biomass, but not arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, generally increased due to green manuring compared with soils receiving no organic amendments. Some differences in abundance of different microbial groups were also found compared with other organic amendments (farmyard manure and sawdust) such as a higher fungal biomass and consequently a higher fungal/bacterial ratio compared with amendment with farmyard manure. The microbial community composition (PLFA profile) in the green manure treatment differed from the other treatments, but there was no effect on microbial substrate-utilization potential, determined using the Biolog EcoPlate. Protease and arylsulphatase activities in the green manure treatment were comparable to a mineral fertilized treatment receiving no additional C, whereas acid phosphatase activity increased. It can be concluded that green manuring had a beneficial impact on soil microbial properties, but differed in some aspects to other organic amendments which might be attributed to differences in quality of the amendments. (Less)", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Anna M\u00e5rtensson, Sara Elfstrand, Katarina Hedlund,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-21", "title": "Changes In N Cycling And Microbial N With Elevated N In Exotic Annual Grasslands Of Southern California", "description": "Abstract   The impacts of nitrogen (N) fertilization and N deposition on N mineralization and microbial biomass were studied in exotic annual grasslands in southern California. The goal of the study was to understand how N deposition impacts N availability to the grasslands by studying mineralization in plots in an urban area that has received chronic N deposition for 50 years compared with N fertilized and control plots in a rural area. Fertilized plots had higher net and gross rates of N cycling than did soils from the control. The effect of soil mineral N concentrations on microbial N varied between and within growing seasons. Lower microbial N corresponded to more net N release and higher microbial N corresponded to less net N release. Urban soils often had higher NO3\u2212 concentrations than did soils from the rural site but there was no difference in NH4+ concentrations. Urban soils also had lower mineral N concentrations than the fertilized soils and mineralization patterns in the high N deposition soils did not resemble those in the fertilized soils, indicating that the levels of N deposition at this site were well below the experimental fertilization rate. The levels of soil mineral N in the rural site were considerably higher than from other studies in the same plots in recent years. This corresponds with rapidly increasing suburbanization of the rural site and increasing N deposition, as suggested from a recent air pollution model. Although the urban and rural soils were not as different in mineral N concentrations as expected, soils in exotic grasslands near urban areas across the region can have mineral N concentrations as high as the fertilized soils, indicating that increased N cycling and altered microbial N may occur under N deposition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.11.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-07", "title": "Pinus Halepensis Mill. Plantations Did Not Restore Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass And Activity Levels In A Semi-Arid Mediterranean Soil", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Mediterranean forests", "Microbial respiration", "Maquis", "Mollisols", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Inceptisols", "15. Life on land", "ATP content", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.12.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-11", "title": "Microbial Communities And Enzyme Activities In Soils Under Alternative Crop Rotations Compared To Wheat-Fallow For The Central Great Plains", "description": "Winter wheat\u2013fallow (W\u2013F) rotation is the predominant cropping system in the Central Great Plains. However, other cropping systems are being suggested because reduced tillage and fallow can provide more residues that can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) content and other parameters related to soil quality and functioning. This study compared the microbial biomass and community composition and enzyme activities under native pasture and research plots under grass and different crop intensities (CI) established for 15 years in Akron, CO. The soil (Weld loam; fine, smectitic, mesic Aridic Paleustolls) was under alternative CI rotations (100 and 67%) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (W), corn (Zea mays L.) (C), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) (M), and fallow (F) under no-tillage (nt) compared to the typical 50% CI rotation (W\u2013F) under either conventional tillage (ct) and nt. Relative to F\u2013Wct, the 100% (C\u2013M\u2013W) and 67% (C\u2013F\u2013W) CI rotations increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN) but only at the 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth. Native pasture and 15 years of undisturbed grass plots showed higher soil MBC up to 2\u20135-fold and 1.4\u20133-fold when compared to the cropping systems at 0\u20135\u00a0cm, respectively. Similar trends were found for MBN and several enzyme activities. Enzyme activities of C (\u03b2-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, and \u03b1-galactosidase) and P cycling (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and phosphodiesterase) as a group separated the 100 and 67% CI rotations from the 50% CI rotation (W\u2013Fct) at 0\u20135 and 5\u201315\u00a0cm of soil. Separation in these enzyme activities was observed for rotations sampled under a crop (W\u2013C\u2013F) compared to when sampled under fallow (F\u2013W\u2013C). Principal component analyses (PCA) of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) suggested a shift in the microbial community structure with greater fungal populations in pasture, grass, and CI rotations of 100 and 67% compared to W\u2013Fct. The sum of fungal indicators (18:2\u03c96c, 18:3\u03c96c, 18:1\u03c99c, 16:1\u03c95c) was significantly correlated (r\u00a0>\u00a00.60; P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) to \u03b2-glucosaminidase, \u03b2-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and \u03b1-galactosidase activities. After 15 years, our results show that the combination of no-tillage and continuous cropping with reduced fallow frequency in two alternative (100 and 67% CI) rotations for the Central Great Plains have had a positive effect on soil quality parameters such as the microbial populations and community composition but only at 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth, and in several enzyme activities at both 0\u20135 and 5\u201315\u00a0cm.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.03.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-17", "title": "Contrasted Effect Of Biochar And Earthworms On Rice Growth And Resource Allocation In Different Soils", "description": "Abstract   Adding biochar to soils and maintaining high earthworm biomasses are potential ways to increase the fertility of tropical soils and the sustainability of crop production in the spirit of agroecology and ecological engineering. However, a thorough functional assessment of biochar effect on plant growth and resource allocations is so far missing. Moreover, earthworms and biochar increase mineral nutrient availability through an increase in mineralization and nutrient retention respectively and are likely to interact through various other mechanisms. They could thus increase plant growth synergistically. This hypothesis was tested for rice in a greenhouse experiment. Besides, the relative effects of biochar and earthworms were compared in three different soil treatments (a nutrient rich soil, a nutrient poor soil, a nutrient poor soil supplemented with fertilization). Biochar and earthworm effects on rice growth and resource allocation highly depended on soil type and were generally additive (no synergy). In the rich soil, there were both clear positive biochar and earthworm effects, while there were generally only positive earthworm effects in the poor soil, and neither earthworm nor biochar effect in the poor soil with fertilization. The analysis of earthworm and biochar effects on different plant traits and soil mineral nitrogen content, confirmed that they act through an increase in nutrient availability. However it also suggested that another mechanism, such as the release in the soil of molecules recognized as phytohormones by plants, is also involved in earthworm action. This mechanism could for example help explaining how earthworms increase rice resource allocation to roots and influence the allocation to grains.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "330", "earthworms", "FAUNE DU SOL", "fertilidad del suelo", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "AZOTE", "AMENDEMENT DU SOL", "CROISSANCE", "arroz", "2. Zero hunger", "BIOMASSE", "FERTILITE DU SOL", "rice", "soil fertility", "AMMONIUM", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "RIZICULTURE", "6. Clean water", "oryza sativa", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ENGRAIS ORGANIQUE", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "fauna del suelo", "RAPPORT CN", "soil fauna", "RAPPORT C/N", "LOMBRIC", "NITRATE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Patrick Lavelle, Patrick Lavelle, Kam-Rigne Laossi, S\u00e9bastien Barot, Maria Helena Catelli de Carvalho, Marco Antonio Rond\u00f3n, Diana Cristina Noguera, Diana Cristina Noguera, Valerio Hoyos,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://millsonia.free.fr/publications/noguera2010SBB.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-17", "title": "Assessment Of Anecic Behavior In Selected Earthworm Species: Effects On Wheat Seed Burial, Seedling Establishment, Wheat Growth And Litter Incorporation", "description": "Abstract   Anecic earthworm species function as ecosystem engineers by structuring the soil environment, incorporating large amounts of litter and seeds into soil and, thereby influence the composition of plant communities. The aim of the present greenhouse experiment was to investigate the effects of three apparently anecic earthworm species on wheat seed burial, seedling establishment, wheat growth and litter incorporation. The three species differed substantially in their behavior and effect on plant establishment. Aporrectodea longa did not incorporate litter into the soil while Lumbricus terrestris (\u221269%) and Lumbricus rubellus friendoides (\u221275%) reduced the litter layer considerably during 9 weeks of incubation. Moreover, L. terrestris and L. rubellus friendoides buried more wheat seeds than A. longa. Fewer seeds germinated when buried by A. longa compared to L. terrestris. The behavior of L. terrestris and L. rubellus friendoides was characteristic for anecic earthworm species whereas that of A. longa rather resembled that of endogeic species. The present study is the first experimental evidence for anecic behavior in L. rubellus friendoides.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.07.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-07", "title": "Priming Effects In Chernozem Induced By Glucose And N In Relation To Microbial Growth Strategies", "description": "Input of easily available C and N sources increases microbial activity in soil and may induce priming effects (PE)\u2014short-term changes in SOM decomposition after substrate addition. The relationship between the origin of priming and growth characteristics of the microbial community is still unclear. We related real and apparent PEs induced by glucose and N addition with growth strategies of soil microorganisms. Two concentrations of uniformly labeled 14 C glucose with and without N were added to Chernozem, and the released 14 CO2 and CO2 efflux were monitored over a 300 h period. The shift in strategies after glucose addition was monitored by microbial growth kinetics based on the estimation of maximal specific growth rate. The production of unlabelled extra CO2 induced by glucose was completed after 3 days and amounted to about 15\u201019% of the microbial biomass-C. The presenceof real orapparentPE depended on thelevel ofadded Cand N. Anapparent positive PE was observedwhen theamount of applied glucose-C was 13 times lower than theamount of microbial biomass-C, i.e. under C-limiting conditions. Apparent PE was accompanied by a highermaximal microbial specific growthrate,i.e.byashift towardsr-strategyfeatures. The absence of a priming effect was observed under N-limiting conditions at an eightfold excess of glucose-C versus microbial biomass-C. A large excess of glucose and N lowered maximal specific growth rates of soil microorganisms and had a negative priming effect. Accordingly, slow-growing microorganisms (K-strategists) switched from SOM mineralization to glucose uptake, probably due to preferential substrate utilization. Analysis of microbial growth kinetics was an efficient approach for evaluating shortterm changes in the response of microorganisms to substrate addition; this approach is", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.05.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-25", "title": "Soil Nematode Community, Organic Matter, Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Dynamics In Field Plots Transitioning From Conventional To Organic Management", "description": "Abstract   Dynamics of soil bulk density, organic matter, microbial biomass, nitrogen, and nematode communities were assessed for a period of 4 years in field plots transitioning from conventional to organic farming practices. A rotation of soybeans, corn, oats and hay was used as an organic transitioning strategy and the conventional farming system had a corn and soybean rotation for comparison. Organic corn received raw straw pack beef manure and poultry compost at the rate of 27 and 28\u00a0Mg/h, respectively, and organic oats received raw straw pack beef manure and poultry compost at the rate of 18 and 1.8\u00a0Mg/h, respectively, while conventional plots received synthetic fertilizers. All crops in the organic system received primary tillage (chisel plow, disked and tined) whereas only corn received primary tillage in the conventional system but soybeans were no-till. Weed control was mechanical (twice diskings, rotary hoeings and row cultivation) in the organic system whereas herbicides were used in the conventional system. Soil bulk density did not differ in the two systems over a 4-year period but organic farming had slightly higher organic matter, mineral associated organic matter and particulate organic matter. Conventional system had more N in the mineral pools as indicated by higher NO 3  \u2212 -N whereas organic system had higher N in the microbial biomass indicating shifts in nitrogen pools between the two systems. Bacterivore nematodes were more abundant in the organic than the conventional system for most of the study period. In contrast, the conventional system had significantly higher populations of the root lesion nematode,  Pratylenchus crenatus , than the organic system after completion of the rotation cycle (transition period) in spring 2004. The organic hay plots had the lowest populations of  P. crenatus  compared to corn, soybeans and oats. Nematode faunal profile estimates showed that the food webs were highly enriched and moderately to highly structured and the decomposition channels were bacterial in both systems. The lack of differences in structure index between the organic and conventional systems is probably due to the excessive tillage in the organic farming system, which may have prevented the build up of tillage-sensitive omnivorous and predatory nematodes that contribute to the structure index. We conclude that transition from conventional to organic farming can increase soil microbial biomass-N and populations of beneficial bacterivore nematodes while simultaneously reducing the populations of predominant plant-parasitic nematode,  P. crenatus . Our findings also underscore the potential benefits of reducing tillage for the development of a more mature soil food web.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.08.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-27", "title": "Microbial Dynamics And Litter Decomposition Under A Changed Climate In A Dutch Heathland", "description": "Climate change scenarios predict changes in temperature and precipitation. The effect of a modest temperature increase and repeated summer droughts on the rate of litter decomposition and microbial biomass dynamics was studied by a field scale manipulation experiment at a phosphorus (P) deficient dry heathland ecosystem in the Netherlands. Retractable covers were used to create artificial nighttime warming or prolonged summer drought in the experimental plots. The warming treatment initially enhanced litter mass loss and two consecutive years of summer drought retarded litter decomposition rate. Microbial carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P immobilization was affected by the warming treatment as well as by the drought treatment. Enhanced temperatures resulted in increased microbial biomass C during the first half year of incubation, whereas the first drought treatment significantly retarded microbial N and P immobilization. The delayed net microbial N and P immobilization in the drought plots prevented net N and P mineralization. After 1 year microbial biomass C, N and P were significantly higher in the drought plots, probably as a result of availability of new substrate caused by the drying and rewetting process. Although microbial biomass was higher in the drought plots, the microbial C/N ratio was equal to the control and varied between 6 and 8. This suggested that in both the control and drought plots, the microbial community was dominated by bacteria at the longer term. Both treatments reduced net P mineralization and together with decreased foliar P concentrations this indicated the progressive importance of P limitation in restraining plant growth in this N saturated ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-13", "title": "Microbial Activity And Soil C Sequestration For Reduced And Conventional Tillage Cotton", "description": "Abstract   Crop management practices, such as tillage and diversified crop rotations, impact microbial activity, organic matter turnover, and ultimately soil C and N sequestration. The objectives of this study were to determine the impacts of tillage on soil microbial biomass, mineralized C and N, and soil organic C (SOC) and N (SON) contents for different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping systems in a south-central Texas silt loam soil. Tillage influenced SOC and SON, but most effects were observed at 0\u20135\u00a0cm rather than 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Reduced tillage (RT) in a continuous cotton monoculture increased SOC by 24% and SON by 27% compared to conventional tillage (CT) at 0\u20135\u00a0cm, but tillage had no effect at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. Crop rotation increased soil C and N contents compared to continuous cotton, as a cotton-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation under CT increased SOC by 28% and SON by 26% at 0\u20135\u00a0cm compared to CT continuous cotton. Soil organic C and SON were both 18% greater for cotton-corn than continuous cotton at 5\u201315\u00a0cm. For the 0\u201315\u00a0cm depth interval, the CT cotton-corn rotation increased SOC by an average of 518\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and SON by 57\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 compared to CT continuous cotton. Cotton under RT sequestered 254\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 and 33\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 more than cotton under CT. Reduced tillage increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC) by an average of 11 and 18% compared to CT continuous cotton and the cotton-corn rotation, respectively, while microbial biomass N (MBN) for RT was 62% greater than for CT. Tillage decreased mineralized C and N at both depth intervals, while cotton-corn showed higher mineralized C than continuous cotton. Soils for cropping systems that sequestered the most C and N also had the highest microbial biomass and mineralized C and N, indicating close relationships between microbial activity and soil C and N sequestration. Beneficial effects of RT and intensive cropping were enhanced soil C and N sequestration rates and potentially lower N fertilizer requirements for crops.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen sequestration", "Mineralized C", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cotton", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mineralized N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Everglades Research, Education Center, University of Florida E. Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430-4702, United States ( host institution ), Wright, Alan L. ( author ), Hons, Frank M. ( author ), Lemon, Robert G. ( author ), McFarland, Mark L. ( author ), Nichols, Robert L. ( author ),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-20", "title": "Changes In Soil Enzymes Related To C And N Cycle And In Soil C And N Content Under Prolonged Warming And Drought In A Mediterranean Shrubland", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Soil protease", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Soil ammonium availability", "Soil \u03b2-glucosidase", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil urease", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil nitrate availability", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-11", "title": "Crop Rotation And Nitrogen Fertilization Effect On Soil Co2 Emissions In Central Iowa", "description": "Abstract   Depending upon how soil is managed, it can serve as a source or sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). As the atmospheric CO2 concentration continues to increase, more attention is being focused on the soil as a possible sink for atmospheric CO2. This study was conducted to examine the short-term effects of crop rotation and N fertilization on soil CO2 emissions in Central Iowa. Soil CO2 emissions were measured during the growing seasons of 2003 and 2004 from plots fertilized with three N rates (0, 135, and 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121) in continuous corn and a corn\u2013soybean rotation in a split-plot design. Soil samples were collected in the spring of 2004 from the 0\u201315\u00a0cm soil depth to determine soil organic C content. Crop residue input was estimated using a harvest index based on the measured crop yield. The results show that increasing N fertilization generally decreased soil CO2 emissions and the continuous corn cropping system had higher soil CO2 emissions than the corn\u2013soybean rotation. Soil CO2 emission rate at the peak time during the growing season and cumulative CO2 under continuous corn increased by 24 and 18%, respectively compared to that from corn\u2013soybean rotation. During this period, the soil fertilized with 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 emitted, on average, 23% less CO2 than the soil fertilized with the other two N rates. The greatest difference in CO2 emission rate was observed in 2004; where plots that received 0\u00a0N rate had 31% greater CO2 emission rate than plots fertilized with 270\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121. The findings of this research indicate that changes in cropping systems can have immediate impact on both rate and cumulative soil CO2 emissions, where continuous corn caused greater soil CO2 emissions than corn soybean rotation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "H.M. Wilson, Mahdi Al-Kaisi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-27", "title": "Soil Enzyme Activities In Two Forage Systems Following Application Of Different Rates Of Swine Lagoon Effluent Or Ammonium Nitrate", "description": "Abstract   Land application of swine lagoon effluent (SLE) to forage production systems is widespread in the southeastern USA and often leads to change in soil properties. Although soil enzymes are crucial to the degradation of soil organic matter and cycling of nutrients, the impacts of SLE application on soil enzyme activities have not been well characterized. We assessed the activities of soil enzymes involved in soil C, N, and P cycling in forage systems 3 years after the termination of three consecutive years of fertilization. Bermudagrass and tall fescue were supplied with SLE or ammonium nitrate (AN) at the rates of 0, 200, 400, and 600\u00a0kg plant available N (PAN)\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. The activities of oxidative enzymes (i.e., peroxidase and phenol oxidase) differed between soils amended with SLE versus AN. In soils amended with AN at 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121, the activities of phenol oxidase and peroxidase were lower than or similar to those in the unfertilized control. In contrast, those activities were stimulated by the application of SLE at the rate of 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 except for phenol oxidase in the bermudagrass system. The activities of cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, protease, and acid phosphatase, however, were independent of the source, but varied with the rate of fertilization. In general, the activities of cellobiohydrolase, \u03b2-glucosidase, cellulase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, protease, and acid phosphatase in soils with N fertilization at 200 or 400\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 were higher than those in the unfertilized control. But the activities of some hydrolytic enzymes in soils fertilized with 600\u00a0kg\u00a0PAN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 were similar to or lower than those in the unfertilized control. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) analysis integrated the activities of eight soil enzymes and showed significant differences between fertilized soils and the unfertilized control and between soils amended with SLE versus AN. These differences in soil integrated enzyme activity were correlated with soil pH (Pearson's correlation coefficient r\u00a0=\u00a00.76, P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-11", "title": "Effects Of Living Mulches Or Residue Amendments On Soil Microbial Properties In Direct Seeded Cropping Systems Of Madagascar", "description": "Abstract   There is growing recognition for the need to study the impact of agricultural land uses on biological and biochemical properties of soils. In Madagascar, cropping systems based on direct seeding with permanent vegetation cover provide a new means for sustainable agriculture to protect the environment and make the most of natural resources. This study assessed the effects of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil microbial biomass and activities. The soil was andic Dystrustept. Samples of the soil were taken from 0 to 5\u00a0cm soil layer of three direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC using crop residues and living mulches). The samples were compared with samples from conventionally tilled plots (CT) and natural fallows (NF). The field experiments were carried out over a 12-year-period and two types of amendment were applied once a year at sowing, farmyard manure (FYM) and farmyard manure combined with an NPK chemical fertilizer. The C and N content, microbial basal respiration and biomass and \u03b2-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase activities were determined. The results showed that there was no interaction between soil management strategies and the use of fertilizer. Furthermore, the fertilizer did not affect the soil C and N content or the acid phosphatase and urease activities. Farmyard manure with added NPK had a significantly greater effect than farmyard manure on its own, increasing the microbial biomass, soil respiration and \u03b2-glucosidase activity up to 26%, 52% and 20%, respectively but there was no significant difference between natural fallows and direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems. However, conventional tillage showed a significantly lower soil microbial biomass, C content, microbial respiration and urease activity than natural fallows. The results for direct seeding mulch-based systems varied according to the microbial activities measured. However, soil \u03b2-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly higher for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using crop residues than for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using living mulches. Direct seeding mulch-based systems with Desmodium uncinatum living mulch had significantly lower microbial biomass and respiration than the other direct seeding mulch-based systems. There was less evidence of change in the soil between natural fallow and direct seeding mulch-based systems but a higher build-up of some microbial properties was obtained for direct seeding mulch-based systems soil than in conventionally tilled soils and natural fallow.", "keywords": ["crop residues", "Glycine max", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "living mulch", "microbial activity", "Zea mays", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33553", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2604", "r\u00e9sidu de r\u00e9colte", "activit\u00e9 enzymatique", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25803", "15. Life on land", "andic Dystrustept", "semis direct", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "direct seeding", "respiration du sol", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-06", "title": "Effects Of Litter Addition And Warming On Soil Carbon, Nutrient Pools And Microbial Communities In A Subarctic Heath Ecosystem", "description": "Climatic warming leads to the expansion of deciduous shrubs and trees in the Arctic. This leads to higher leaf litter inputs, which together with warming may alter the rate of carbon and nutrient cycling in the arctic ecosystems. We assessed effects of factorial warming and additional litter on the soil ecosystem of a subarctic heath in a 7-year-long field experiment. Fine root biomass, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total C concentration increased in response to warming, which probably was a result of the increased vegetation cover. Litter addition increased the concentration of inorganic P in the uppermost 5 cm soil, while decreasing the pool of total P per unit area of the organic profile and having no significant effects on N concentrations or pools. Microbial biomass C and N were unaffected by the treatments, while the microbial biomass P increased significantly with litter addition. Soil ergosterol concentration was also slightly increased by the added litter in the uppermost soil, although not statistically significantly. According to a principal component analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid profiles, litter addition differed from the other treatments by increasing the relative proportion of biomarkers for Gram-positive bacteria. The combined warming plus litter addition treatment decreased the soil water content in the uppermost 5 cm soil, which was a likely reason for many interactions between the effects of warming and litter addition. The soil organic matter quality of the combined treatment was also clearly different from the control based on a near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopic analysis, implying that the treatment altered the composition of soil organic matter. However, it appears that the biological processes and the microbial community composition responded more to the soil and litter moisture conditions than to the change in the quality of the organic matter.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "jord", "plants", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "planter", "soil", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Faculty of Science", "arctic", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "\u00f8kologi", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/TheFacultyOfScience", "arktis", "ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-12", "title": "Spatial Analysis Reveals Differences In Soil Microbial Community Interactions Between Adjacent Coniferous Forest And Clearcut Ecosystems", "description": "Knowledge of how forest management influences soil microbial community interactions is necessary for complete understanding of forest ecology. In this study, soil microbial communities, vegetation characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties were examined across a rectangular 4.57 \u00d7 36.58 m sample grid spanning adjacent coniferous forest and clearcut areas. Based on analysis of soil extracted phospholipid fatty acids, total microbial biomass, fungi and Gram-negative bacteria were found to be significantly reduced in soil of the clearcut area relative to the forest. Concurrent with changes in microbial communities, soil macroaggregate stability was reduced in the clearcut area, while no significant differences in soil pH and organic matter content were found. Variography indicated that the range at which spatial autocorrelation between samples was evident (patch size) was greater for all microbial groups analyzed in the clearcut area. Overall, less spatial structure could be resolved in the forest. Variance decomposition using principal coordinates of neighbor matrices spatial variables indicated that soil aggregate stability and vegetation characteristics accounted for significant microbial community spatial variation in analyses that included the entire plot. When clearcut and forest areas were analyzed separately, different environmental variables (pH in the forest area and soil organic matter in the clearcut) were found to account for variation in soil microbial communities, but little of this variation could be ascribed to spatial interactions. Most microbial variation explained by different components of microbial communities occurred at spatial scales other than those analyzed. Fungi accounted for over 50% of the variation in bacteria of the forest area but less than 11% in the clearcut. Conversely, AMF accounted for significant variation in clearcut area, but not forest, bacteria. These results indicate broadly disparate controls on soil microbial community composition in the two systems. We present multiple lines of evidence pointing toward shifts in fungi functional groups as a salient mechanism responsible for qualitative, quantitative and spatial distribution differences in soil microbial communities.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Daniel L. Mummey, Phillip W. Ramsey, Jeffrey T. Clarke, Callie A. Cole, Benjamin G. O\u2019Connor, James E. Gannon,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-04", "title": "Soil Chemical And Microbiological Properties Along A Chronosequence Of Caragana Microphylla Lam. Plantations In The Horqin Sandy Land Of Northeast China", "description": "Caragana microphylla Lam., a leguminous shrub, is a dominant native plant species widely planted to stabilize the moving and semi-moving sand dunes in the semi-arid Horqin sandy land of Northeast China. The objective of this study was to determine how C. microphylla plantations affected the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of a sandy soil. Soil samples at the depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm were collected from the C. microphylla plantations with an age sequence of 0, 5, 10, and 23 years. The results showed that shrub growth altered microclimate, increased litter input, and hence, improved soil water holding capacity, contents of total carbon, total N and microbial biomass C and N, electrical conductivity, and activities of urease, phosphomonoesterase, protease, dehydro- genase and polyphenol oxidase, and decreased soil bulk density. These trends increased with increasing plantation age but decreased with increasing soil depth. C. microphylla establishment could be an effective and applicable measure to restore vegetation and control desertification in the Horqin sandy land, and recommended for adoption in semi-arid sandy areas on a large scale.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-16", "title": "Microbial Properties Of Soils As Affected By Cropping And Nutrient Management Practices In Several Long-Term Manurial Experiments In The Semi-Arid Tropics Of India", "description": "Microorganisms play a critical role in nutrient transformation, soil health and for sustaining the productivity of soils. Effects of long-term cropping, fertilization, manuring and their integration on microbial community were studied in soil samples from five long-term fertilizer experiments under various rainfed production systems in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India. Microbial population counts were analyzed by dilution plating and were in turn compared with different parameters such as soil treatments, soil type, soil microbial biomass C, soil organic C, rainfall and soil pH. The counts were high in treatments where combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied compared to control. Vertisols showed larger organic carbon levels than Alfisols. Fungal population was higher in acidic soils and in treatments under continuous inorganic fertilization treatments whereas a high number of bacteria were found in integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. At most of the locations soil organic C and microbial biomass C showed significant positive (p \u2264 0.05) correlation with microbial populations. Thus, results suggest that even under arid and semi-arid tropical conditions, regular addition of nutrients in an integrated manner could improve soil organic carbon and microbial population counts. For each production system, better carbon sequestration management practices were identified.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Others", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vineela, C, Wani, S P, Srinivasarao, CH, Padmaja, B, Vittal, K P R,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3300&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3300&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3250", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=U&offset=3350", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 27030, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T12:56:07.423834Z"}