{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-26", "title": "Biochar Amendment Increases Maize Root Surface Areas And Branching: A Shovelomics Study In Zambia", "description": "Positive crop yield effects from biochar are likely explained by chemical, physical and/or biological factors. However, studies describing plant allometric changes are scarcer, but may be crucial to understand the biochar effect. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of biochar on root architecture under field conditions in a tropical setting. The presented work describes a shovelomics (i.e., description of root traits in the field) study on the effect of biochar on maize root architecture. Four field experiments we carried out at two different locations in Zambia, exhibiting non-fertile to relatively fertile soils. Roots of maize crop (Zea mays L.) were sampled from treatments with fertilizer (control) and with a combination of fertilizer and 4\u00a0t.ha\u22121 maize biochar application incorporated in the soil. For the four sites, the average grain yield increase upon biochar addition was 45\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u00a0% relative to the fertilized control (from 2.1\u20136.0 to 3.1\u20139.1 ton ha\u22121). The root biomass was approximately twice as large for biochar-amended plots. More extensive root systems (especially characterized by a larger root opening angle (+14\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u00a0%) and wider root systems (+20\u2009\u00b1\u200915\u00a0%)) were observed at all biochar-amended sites. Root systems exhibited significantly higher specific surface areas (+54\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u00a0%), branching and fine roots: +70\u2009\u00b1\u200956\u00a0%) in the presence of biochar. Biochar amendment resulted in more developed root systems and larger yields. The more extensive root systems may have contributed to the observed yield increases, e.g., by improving immobile nutrients uptake in soils that are unfertile or in areas with prolonged dry spells.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "10122 Institute of Geography", "UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "1110 Plant Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910 Geography & travel", "15. Life on land", "1111 Soil Science", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-015-2533-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-03", "title": "Ryegrass-Derived Pyrogenic Organic Matter Changes Organic Carbon And Nitrogen Mineralization In A Temperate Forest Soil", "description": "Abstract   Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) is considered as a technique to improve soil fertility and store carbon (C) in soil. However, little is known regarding soil organic C and nitrogen (N) mineralization in PyOM-amended soils. To investigate the relationship between the C and N mineralization rates and the possible consequences in terms of C storage and N availability, we incubated ryegrass-derived PyOM (pyrolyzed at 450\u00a0\u00b0C) enriched in  13 C (4.33 atom %) in a forest Cambisol for 158 days with and without mineral N addition. We determined PyOM and native soil organic C mineralization, NH 4  +  and NO 3  \u2212  contents in the soil, gross N mineralization, phenol-oxidase and protease activities, and microbial biomass throughout the incubation experiment and the incorporation of PyOM in microbial biomass at the end of the experiment (158 days). We determined that 4.3% of the initial PyOM-C was mineralized after 158 days. Moreover, PyOM induced a strongly positive priming effect within the first 18 days; a negative priming effect was observed from Days 18 to 158. The initial increase in organic matter mineralization corresponded to a higher gross N mineralization and NH 4  +  content in the PyOM-treated soil than in the untreated soil. Ammonium was rapidly transformed into nitrate and stored in this form until the end of the experiment. We conclude that the presence of PyOM affected the mineralization pattern of native soil organic matter mineralization and increased mineral N content, while N addition did not influence PyOM or soil organic matter mineralization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "10122 Institute of Geography", "UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "2404 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910 Geography & travel", "15. Life on land", "1111 Soil Science", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Elevated Co2 And Nitrogen Deposition On Fatty Acid Molecular And Isotope Composition Of Above- And Belowground Tree Biomass And Forest Soil Fractions", "description": "Abstract<p>Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and reactive nitrogen (N) concentrations have been increasing due to human activities and impact the global carbon (C) cycle by affecting plant photosynthesis and decomposition processes in soil. Large amounts of C are stored in plants and soils, but the mechanisms behind the stabilization of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived organic matter (OM) in soils are still under debate and it is not clear how N deposition affects soil OM dynamics. Here, we studied the effects of 4\uffc2\uffa0years of elevated (13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90depleted) CO2 and N deposition in forest ecosystems established in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers on composition and turnover of fatty acids (FAs) in plants and soils. FAs served as biomarkers for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived OM in soil density fractions. We analyzed above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant biomass of beech and spruce trees as well as soil density fractions for the total organic C and FA molecular and isotope (\uffce\uffb413C) composition. FAs did not accumulate relative to total organic C in fine mineral fractions, showing that FAs are not effectively stabilized by association with soil minerals. The \uffce\uffb413C values of FAs in plant biomass increased under high N deposition. However, the N effect was only apparent under elevated CO2 suggesting a N limitation of the system. In soil fractions, only isotope compositions of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C16+18) were affected. Fractions of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (experimental\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived) FAs were calculated using isotope depletion in elevated CO2 plots and decreased from free light to fine mineral fractions. \uffe2\uff80\uff98New\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs were higher in short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C20\uffe2\uff88\uff9230), indicating a faster turnover of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs. Increased N deposition did not significantly affect the quantity of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs in soil fractions, but showed a tendency of increased amounts of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90experimental) C suggesting that decomposition of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C is retarded by high N inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "2306 Global and Planetary Change", "Chemical Fractionation", "Forests", "2300 General Environmental Science", "Soil", "Fagus", "Environmental Chemistry", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Picea", "General Environmental Science", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Analysis of Variance", "Carbon Isotopes", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "Fatty Acids", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Reactive Nitrogen Species", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "570 Life sciences; biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-20", "title": "Effects Of Warming And Drought On Potential N2o Emissions And Denitrifying Bacteria Abundance In Grasslands With Different Land-Use", "description": "Increased warming in spring and prolonged summer drought may alter soil microbial denitrification. We measured potential denitrification activity and denitrifier marker gene abundances (nirK, nirS, nosZ) in grasslands soils in three geographic regions characterized by site-specific land-use indices (LUI) after warming in spring, at an intermediate sampling and after summer drought. Potential denitrification was significantly increased by warming, but did not persist over the intermediate sampling. At the intermediate sampling, the relevance of grassland land-use intensity was reflected by increased potential N2O production at sites with higher LUI. Abundances of total bacteria did not respond to experimental warming or drought treatments, displaying resilience to minor and short-term effects of climate change. In contrast, nirS- and nirK-type denitrifiers were more influenced by drought in combination with LUI and pH, while the nosZ abundance responded to the summer drought manipulation. Land-use was a strong driver for potential denitrification as grasslands with higher LUI also had greater potentials for N2O emissions. We conclude that both warming and drought affected the denitrifying communities and the potential denitrification in grassland soils. However, these effects are overruled by regional and site-specific differences in soil chemical and physical properties which are also related to grassland land-use intensity.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "Climate Change", "Microbial Consortia", "580 Plants (Botany)", "Nitric Oxide", "142-005 142-005", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "potential N2O emissions", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "2402 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology", "use index", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Biodiversity Exploratories", "denitrification", "Bacteria", "2404 Microbiology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "land", "climate change", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grassland", "microbial community", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiv066"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/FEMS%20Microbiology%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/femsec/fiv066"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=UFSP13-8+Global+Change+and+Biodiversity&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=UFSP13-8+Global+Change+and+Biodiversity&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=UFSP13-8+Global+Change+and+Biodiversity&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=UFSP13-8+Global+Change+and+Biodiversity&offset=4", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4, "numberReturned": 4, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T19:18:31.786689Z"}