The impacts of invasive plant control on native animals are rarely evaluated. Using data from an eight\uffe2\uff80\uff90year study in southeastern Australia, we quantified the effects on native bird, mammal, and reptile species of (1) the abundance of the invasive Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata, and (2) a Bitou Bush control program, which involved repeated herbicide spraying interspersed with prescribed burning. We found that overall species richness of birds, mammals, and reptiles and the majority of individual vertebrate species were unresponsive to Bitou Bush cover and the number of plants. Two species including the nationally endangered Eastern Bristlebird (Dasyurus brachypterus) responded positively to measures of native vegetation cover following the control of Bitou Bush. Analyses of the effects of different components of the treatment protocol employed to control Bitou Bush revealed (1) no negative effects of spraying on vertebrate species richness; (2) negative effects of spraying on only one individual species (Scarlet Honeyeater); and (3) lower bird species richness but higher reptile species richness after fire. The occupancy of most individual vertebrates species was unaffected by burning; four species responded negatively and one positively to fire. Our study indicated that actions to remove Bitou Bush generally have few negative impacts on native vertebrates. We therefore suggest that controlling this highly invasive exotic plant species has only very limited negative impacts on vertebrate biota.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "weed control", "570", "Secondary effects", "off-target impacts", "animal response to weed control", "Indirect impacts", "Fire management", "590", "Non-target impacts", "herbicide impact on animals", "Herbicide impact on animals", "01 natural sciences", "invasive alien plant management", "fire management", "indirect impacts", "14. Life underwater", "non-target impacts", "Invasive alien plant management", "weed management impacts", "Animal response to weed control", "Bitou Bush", "580", "secondary effects", "Weed management impacts", "15. Life on land", "Weed control", "Off-target impacts", "3. Good health", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/407435/1/Lindenmayer_et_al_2017_Ecopshere.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/244051/3/01_Lindenmayer_Non-target_impacts_of_weed_2017.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ecs2.1804", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ecs2.1804"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/jsfa.7207", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-10", "title": "Mineralization dynamics in soil fertilized with seaweed-fish waste compost", "description": "Seaweed and fish waste can be composted together to obtain fertilizer with high organic matter and nutrient contents. The nutrients, however, are mostly in organic form and must be mineralized to make them available to plants. The objective of this work was to establish a usage guideline for the compost by studying its mineralization dynamics. Also, the release of inorganic N and C from soil fertilized with the compost was monitored and modelled.C and N were released throughout the assay, to an extent significantly dependent on fertilizer rate. Mineralization of both elements fitted a first-order exponential model, and each fertilizer rate required using a specific fitting model. An increased rate favoured mineralization (especially of carbon). After 90 days, 2.3% of C and 7.7% of N were mineralized (and 23.3% of total nitrogen made plant available) with the higher rate.C mineralization was slow because organic matter in the compost was very stable. On the other hand, the relatively high initial content in mineral N of the compost increased gradually by the effect of mineralization. The amount of N available would suffice to meet the requirements of moderately demanding crops at the lower fertilizer rate, and even those of more demanding crops at the higher rate.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Nitrogen", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Fishes", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Seaweed", "Carbon", "Refuse Disposal", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0405 other agricultural sciences", "Fertilizers"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/jsfa.7207/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7207"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Science%20of%20Food%20and%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/jsfa.7207", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/jsfa.7207", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/jsfa.7207"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/bf00115737", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-11-03", "title": "Alley Cropping With Leucaena-Leucocephala (Lam) De Wit And Acioa-Barteri (Hook F) Engl", "description": "The effect of alley cropping with seven combinations of Acioa and Leucaena hedgerows and a control (no hedgerow) treatment on sequentially cropped maize and cowpea was studied in 1985 and 1986. The trial was carried out on an Alfisol in the humid zone of southwestern Nigeria. Hedgerows were established in 1983, using 4 m inter-hedgerow spacing and pruned to 25 cm height during cropping. Highest dry matter, wood, and nutrient yields of prunings of Acioa and Leucaena hedgerows were obtained with sole cropping. Growing Leucaena and Acioa in the same hedgerow suppressed dry matter production and nutrient yield of Acioa more than of Leucaena owing to the latter's faster growth. Total pruning dry matter yield was reduced as the proportion of Acioa increased in the combination. Leucaena prunings had higher nutrient yield than Acioa. Under 22-month old uncut hedgerows, weed biomass declined in the presence of Leucaena, either alone or in combination with Acioa. Weed weight under sole Leucaena hedgerows was about a third of that in the control plot. There was no significant effect of alley cropping on weed biomass, although alley cropping with Acioa and Leucaena hedgerows resulted in the dominance of broadleaf weeds while the control had a mixture of broadleaves and grasses. Alley cropping with various combinations of Acioa and Leucaena hedgerows increased maize and cowpea yields compared to control. Nitrogen application in both years increased maize grain yield. Mean yield increase due to N application in both years was highest in the control (47.2%) followed by the sole Acioa hedgerow (25.2%) and less in hedgerows with Leucaena. The results of observations over two years do not show any advantage for the tested Leucaena and Acioa combinations on maize and cowpea crops as compared to the sole hedgerows.", "keywords": ["alley cropping", "2. Zero hunger", "sole cropping", "nutrients", "dry matter", "yields", "weeds", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "maize", "infestation", "cowpeas"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Siaw, D.E.K.A., Kang, B.T., Okali, D.U.U.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00115737"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/bf00115737", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/bf00115737", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/bf00115737"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1991-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-011-9629-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-02-22", "title": "Shrub-Steppe Early Succession Following Juniper Cutting And Prescribed Fire", "description": "Pinus-Juniperus L. (Pi\u00f1on-juniper) woodlands of the western United States have expanded in area nearly 10-fold since the late 1800's. Juniperus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis Hook. (western juniper) dominance in sagebrush steppe has several negative consequences, including reductions in herbaceous production and diversity, decreased wildlife habitat, and higher erosion and runoff potentials. Prescribed fire and mechanical tree removal are the main methods used to control J. occidentalis and restore sagebrush steppe. However, mature woodlands become difficult to prescribe burn because of the lack of understory fuels. We evaluated partial cutting of the woodlands (cutting 25-50% of the trees) to increase surface fuels, followed by prescribed fire treatments in late successional J. occidentalis woodlands of southwest Idaho to assess understory recovery. The study was conducted in two different plant associations and evaluated what percentage of the woodland required preparatory cutting to eliminate remaining J. occidentalis by prescribed fire, determined the impacts of fire to understory species, and examined early post-fire successional dynamics. The study demonstrated that late successional J. occidentalis woodlands can be burned after pre-cutting only a portion of the trees. Early succession in the cut-and-burn treatments were dominated by native annual and perennial forbs, in part due to high mortality of perennial bunchgrasses. By the third year after fire the number of establishing perennial grass seedlings indicated that both associations would achieve full herbaceous recovery. Cutting-prescribed fire combinations are an effective means for controlling encroaching late successional J. occidentalis and restoring herbaceous plant communities. However, land managers should recognize that there are potential problems associated with cutting-prescribed fire applications when invasive weeds are present.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Juniperus", "Plant Weeds", "Forestry", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Fires"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kirk W. Davies, Robert N. Sharp, Jonathan D. Bates,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9629-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-011-9629-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-011-9629-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-011-9629-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-02-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-16", "title": "Effect Of Drought And Weed Management On Maize Genotypes And The Tensiometric Soil Water Content Of An Eutric Nitisol In South Western Nigeria", "description": "In the dry savannas of West and Central Africa, where low soil fertility, unpredictable rainfall, weed competition and recurrent drought are major constraints to maize production, the development of tropical maize genotypes with high and stable yields under drought and low-nitrogen condition is very important since access to these improved genotypes may be the only affordable alternative to many small scale farmers. Field trials were conducted in 2002 and 2003\u00a0at Ikenne southwestern Nigeria to investigate the effect of weed pressures and drought stress on 2 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (9134-14, 9803-9) and 2 open-pollinated varieties (STREVIWD, IYFDCO1). Irrigation was withdrawn 4 weeks after planting (about four weeks to mid-flowering) in the drought stress while the adjacent watered treatment had irrigation throughout the growing period. The weed pressures were the completely weeded plots (hand weeding every week) and weedy plots (weeded once, 2 weeks after planting). The experiment was a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Drought stress reduced the stover weight and grain yield of the maize cultivars by 6% and 34% respectively. Weed-free plots had maize with higher agronomic traits than unweeded treatments. Hybrid 9803-9 was more susceptible to drought and weed stress as indicated in the stover weight and grain yield. STREVIWD an open-pollinated variety (OPV) and Hybrid 9134-14 had superior performances in terms of grain yield and shorter anthesis silking interval. Soil moisture content was higher in the unweeded plots while the uptake of moisture was highest in drought susceptible hybrid 9803-9. Irrespective of the genotypes, maize (hybrid and OPV) was more tolerant to drought in a weed-free environment than in unweeded conditions. There existed a negative but significant correlation between weed biomass and chlorophyll content (\u22120.29, P < 0.01), grain yield (\u22120.45, P < 0.05), ear plant\u22121 (\u22120.27, P < 0.05) and kernel-number (\u22120.366 P < 0.01).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "eutric nitisol", "weeded plots", "nutrient", "drought stress", "maize genotypes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "weed management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-005-3864-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-04", "title": "Relay intercropping can efficiently support weed managementin cereal-based cropping systems when appropriate legume speciesare chosen", "description": "AbstractRelay intercropping of subsidiary legumes with durum wheat (living mulch) can be a viable option to support ecological weed control and optimize nutrient cycling in cereal-based cropping systems. However, the lack of knowledge on suitable legume species is often identified as the main bottleneck for the successful application of legume living mulches. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of 12 different legumes for relay intercropping with wheat in two contrasting Mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems respectively characterized by low-input and integrated management. Each legume was monitored from the undersowing in wheat until the following spring and we compared direct drilling to broadcast sowing of legumes. None of the undersown legumes showed a negative effect on the wheat grain yield. Relay intercropping of legumes proved to be an effective solution to control weeds before and after the wheat harvest, provided suitable legumes species are chosen. Suitable legumes reduced the weed biomass up to the 90% during the intercropping and up to 94% in the following spring. On the contrary, legumes such as Trifoliumresupinatum, Viciavillosa, Medicagotruncatula, and Medicagoscutellata boosted weed growth in the following spring in comparison with the control. According to the performance of legumes, Medicagosativa, Trifoliumrepens and Medicagolupulina had the most suitable characteristics for relay intercropping with durum wheat at the Ravenna site, in a highly productive region whereas Medicagosativa, Hedysarumcoronarium and Trifoliumsubterraneum performed better in the low-input system near Pisa, where yields are generally lower. This is the first time that such a diversity in legumes species is tested in the same experiment for relay intercropping under diversified environmental and management conditions. The results of this study can support farmers in selecting the most appropriated legume species for their specific cropping systems and local conditions.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Living mulch", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "IWMPRAISE", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Integrated Weed Management", "Horizon2020", "Crop diversification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Subsidiary crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/549112/1/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-05", "title": "Diversified grain-based cropping systems provide long-term weed control while limiting herbicide use and yield losses", "description": "Integrated weed management encourages long-term planning and targeted use of cultural strategies coherently combined at the cropping system scale. The transition towards such systems is challenged by a belief of lower productivity and higher weed pressure. Here, we hypothesize that diversifying the crop sequence and its associated weed management tools allow long-term agronomic sustainability (low herbicide use, efficient weed control, and high productivity). Four 6-year rotations with different constraints (S2: transition from reduced tillage to no-till, chemical weeding; S3: chemical weeding; S4: typical integrated weed management system; S5: mechanical weeding) were compared to a reference (S1: 3-year rotation, systematic ploughing, chemical weeding) in terms of herbicide use, weed management, and productivity over the 2000\u20132017 period. Weed density was measured before and after weeding. Crop and weed biomass were sampled at crop flowering. Compared to S1, herbicide use was reduced by 46, 65, and 99% in S3, S4, and S5 respectively. Herbicide use in S2 was maintained at the same level as S1 (\u2212\u20099%), due to increased weed pressure and dependence to glyphosate for weed control during the fallow period of the no-till phase. Weed biomass was low across all cropping systems (0 to 5\u00a0g of dry matter m\u22122) but weed dynamics were stable over the 17\u00a0years in S1 and S4 only. Compared to S1, productivity at the cropping system scale was reduced by 22% in S2 and by 33% in S3. These differences were mainly attributed to a higher proportion of crops with low intrinsic productivity in S2 and S3. Through S4\u2019s multiperformance, we show for the first time that low herbicide use, long-term weed management, and high crop productivity can be reconciled in grain-based cropping systems provided that a diversified crop rotation integrating a diverse suite of tactics (herbicides included) is implemented.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Weed dynamics", "Sustainable agriculture", "Integrated weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cropping system . Integrated weed management .Weed dynamics . Crop productivity . Sustainable agriculture", "630", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Crop productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-019-0587-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107078", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-15", "title": "Legacy effects of leguminous green manure crops on the weed seed bank in organic crop rotations", "description": "Abstract Leguminous green manure crops are important for accumulating nitrogen by means of biological nitrogen fixation and for building up soil fertility in organic arable cropping systems. Whole-year green manure crops are also known to deplete the soil weed seed bank, e.g. by decaying and predation, but there is uncertainty about the magnitude of the legacy effect after termination of the green manure crop. This study sampled soil for weed seed bank assessment upon termination of a two-year leguminous green manure crop and then one, two and three years afterwards. The samples were taken from two five-year crop rotations (2011\u20132015) in a long-term organic crop rotation experiment in Denmark. One rotation (O2) had a two-year green manure crop followed by three years of annual cash crops, and the other rotation (O4) consisted only of annual cash crops, with four crop sequences in both rotations represented every year. In general, the weed seed bank of rotation O2 was 54 % lower than O4, with 5475 seeds m\u22122 versus 11,967 seeds m\u22122. Similarly the aboveground amount of weed biomass in O2 was lower than in O4 over the course of the five years. The legacy effect of the green manure crop showed a negative exponential rise in weed seed numbers with the increase in years after termination of the green manure crop. A biennial leguminous green manure crop can mitigate weed problems in organic annual crops. This effect adds to the benefits of including nitrogen fixing leys in crop rotations with limited access to animal manures.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "broadleaved weeds", "Lucerne", " grass-clover", " broadleaved weeds", " grass weeds", " seed bank depletion", " seed decay", "grass weeds", "Composting and manuring", "seed bank depletion", "grass-clover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "lucerne", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "seed decay"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107078"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107078", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2020.107078", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107078"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2021.107351", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-23", "title": "Weed community diversity in conservation agriculture: Post-adoption changes", "description": "Abstract Conservation agriculture has been identified as one of the farming systems likely to deliver sustainable agriculture but its effects over time on the diversity and composition of weed communities are poorly documented. Using a network of 100 winter wheat fields selected to encompass a gradient of years in conservation agriculture from 1 to 20 years in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region (France), we analyzed the changes that occurred in the diversity of weed communities over several years, both in \u03b1- and \u03b2-diversity using a taxonomic (species level) and functional (10 response traits) approach. Based on three weed surveys (before the last herbicide use, before harvest, before sowing the following crop), we identified weeds able to maintain and/or to produce propagules. All the observed weed communities were rich (average species richness of 23.9 species), diverse (average Shannon diversity of 2.15) and equitably composed of low-density species. The results showed an increase in species richness, total weed abundance and \u03b1-functional diversity but no change in species diversity and species evenness over time. Heterogeneity and average values of \u03b2-taxonomic and \u03b2-functional diversity between communities were high in the early years following the adoption of conservation agriculture. Heterogeneity and average \u03b2-taxonomic and \u03b2-functional diversity decreased over time, leading to a homogenization of weed community assemblages. Despite major changes in cultural practices related to conservation agriculture, homogenization of weed community was not immediate and did not concern all the traits studied.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "functional convergence", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "\u03b2-diversity", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "\u03b1-diversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "weed survey"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Derrouch, Damien, Dessaint, Fabrice, Fried, Guillaume, Chauvel, Bruno,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107351"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2021.107351", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2021.107351", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107351"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-03-11", "title": "Effects Of Different Management Practices On Soil Conservation And Soil Water In A Rainfed Olive Orchard", "description": "Open Access16 pages, figures, and tables statistics.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Sustainable agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Soil fertility", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Plant covers", "Weeds", "Soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/05-2074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-04", "title": "Regulation Of Benthic Algal And Animal Communities By Salt Marsh Plants: Impact Of Shading", "description": "Plant cover is a fundamental feature of many coastal marine and terrestrial systems and controls the structure of associated animal communities. Both natural and human-mediated changes in plant cover influence abiotic sediment properties and thus have cascading impacts on the biotic community. Using clipping (structural) and light (shading) manipulations in two salt marsh vegetation zones (one dominated by Spartina foliosa and one by Salicornia virginica), we tested whether these plant species exert influence on abiotic environmental factors and examined the mechanisms by which these changes regulate the biotic community. In an unshaded (plant and shade removal) treatment, marsh soils exhibited harsher physical properties, a microalgal community composition shift toward increased diatom dominance, and altered macrofaunal community composition with lower species richness, a larger proportion of insect larvae, and a smaller proportion of annelids, crustaceans, and oligochaetes compared to shaded (plant removal, shade mimic) and control treatment plots. Overall, the shaded treatment plots were similar to the controls. Plant cover removal also resulted in parallel shifts in microalgal and macrofaunal isotopic signatures of the most dynamic species. This suggests that animal responses are seen mainly among microalgae grazers and may be mediated by plant modification of microalgae. Results of these experiments demonstrate how light reduction by the vascular plant canopy can control salt marsh sediment communities in an arid climate. This research facilitates understanding of sequential consequences of changing salt marsh plant cover associated with climate or sea level change, habitat degradation, marsh restoration, or plant invasion.", "keywords": ["macrobenthos", "0106 biological sciences", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Geologic Sediments", "abiotic properties", "Population Dynamics", "Chenopodiaceae", "Environment", "01 natural sciences", "Spartina foliosa", "stable isotope", "Animals", "Biomass", "14. Life underwater", "plant cover", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena", "biodiversity", "pickleweed", "microalgae", "Eukaryota", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "cordgrass", "Sunlight", "Salicornia virginica", "light"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt09d6c3jf/qt09d6c3jf.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/05-2074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/05-2074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/05-2074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/05-2074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-16", "title": "Life Cycle Assessment Of Biofuel Production From Brown Seaweed In Nordic Conditions", "description": "The use of algae for biofuel production is expected to play an important role in securing energy supply in the next decades. A consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) and an energy analysis of seaweed-based biofuel production were carried out in Nordic conditions to document and improve the sustainability of the process. Two scenarios were analyzed for the brown seaweed (Laminaria digitata), namely, biogas production (scenario 1) and bioethanol+biogas production (scenario 2). Potential environmental impact categories under investigation were Global Warming, Acidification and Terrestrial Eutrophication. The production of seaweed was identified to be the most energy intensive step. Scenario 1 showed better performance compared to scenario 2 for all impact categories, partly because of the energy intensive bioethanol separation process and the consequently lower overall efficiency of the system. For improved environmental performance, focus should be on optimization of seaweed production, bioethanol distillation, and management of digestate on land.", "keywords": ["Denmark", "Methanol", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Environment", "Eutrophication", "Seaweed", "Global Warming", "Models", " Biological", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "Biofuels", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Computer Simulation", "14. Life underwater"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioresource%20Technology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cropro.2008.12.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-28", "title": "Weed Suppression In Organic Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) With Winter Cover Crops", "description": "Abstract Weed control is a major constraint for organic production around the world. Field studies were conducted in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from 2004 to 2006 at the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute experimental field in Turkey to determine the weed suppressive effects of winter cover crops. Treatments consisted of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), gelemen clover (Trifolium meneghinianum Clem.), Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexsandrinum L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) and a bare fallow with no cover crop. Weed density and total weed dry biomass were assessed at 14, 28, and 56 days after incorporation to quantify effects of cover crops during a subsequent pepper crop. Cover crop establishment was similar in both growing seasons and individual species produced in the range of 1800\u20133500\u00a0kg/ha biomass. Ryegrass produced the greatest biomass compared with other species. Weed dry biomass production just before cover crop incorporation varied with year and cover crop species. Hairy vetch, ryegrass, oat and common vetch were the most competitive cover crops based on total weed dry biomass. Hairy vetch was the most promising cover crop and reduced weed density by 73% and 70% at 28 and 56 DAI, respectively. Pepper yields were higher following all cover crops except Egyptian clover. The highest yield was obtained from hairy vetch plots in both years. This research indicates that cover crops such as hairy vetch, ryegrass, oat and common vetch could be used in integrated weed management programs to reduce weed infestation in organic pepper.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "CDA", "Hairy vetch", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Vegetable", "15. Life on land", "Ryegrass", "Oat", "Weed control"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2008.12.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Crop%20Protection", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cropro.2008.12.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cropro.2008.12.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cropro.2008.12.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.cropro.2015.02.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-11", "title": "Effect Of Lablab Purpureus L. Cover Crop And Imidazolinone Resistant (Ir) Maize On Weeds In Drought Prone Areas, Kenya", "description": "Abstract Weeds compete for nutrients and soil moisture resulting to low maize yields in dry lands. A three year field study was initiated in 2009\u00a0at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kiboko to evaluate the effect of dolichos bean ( Lablab purpureus L.) and open pollinated imazapyr herbicide coated imidazolinone-resistant (IR) 1 maize on weed species composition, density, and maize yield. Initially, weed species were identified, and then controlled using glyphosate at 1.6\u00a0kg\u00a0ai\u00a0ha \u22121 . Twenty four plots were marked, each measuring 4\u00a0\u00d7\u00a05\u00a0m. Six treatments 1) IR-maize coated, 2) IR-maize coated\u00a0+\u00a0brown dolichos, 3) IR-maize coated\u00a0+\u00a0black dolichos 4) IR-maize uncoated, 5) IR-maize uncoated\u00a0+\u00a0brown dolichos, 6) IR-maize uncoated\u00a0+\u00a0black dolichos were laid out in a randomized complete block design replicated four times. IR-maize was planted at a spacing of 90\u00a0\u00d7\u00a045\u00a0cm and 2 seeds per hole. Weeds were sampled from a one meter squared quadrat 21 and 42 days after planting (DAP). The data was subjected to analysis of variance using Genstat version 12.0. Eighteen (18) weed species were prevalent before the experiment. Interaction of dolichos and herbicide coated IR-maize had no significant ( P \u00a0>\u00a00.05) effect on weed species composition and density. Dolichos significantly ( P Portulaca quadrifida L. and Paraknoxia parviflora L., and increased Eleusine indica L. Weed species composition decreased by 14% (21 DAP) and 33% (42 DAP) in plots with dolichos compared to no cover. Maize yields were significantly ( P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "4. Education", "weeds", "cover crops", "15. Life on land", "maize", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.02.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Crop%20Protection", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.cropro.2015.02.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.cropro.2015.02.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.02.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-01", "title": "Effect of the growth medium composition on nitrate accumulation in the novel protein crop Lemna minor", "description": "Duckweed is a potential alternative protein source for food and feed. However, little is known about the nitrate accumulation in this plant. A high nitrate level in vegetables can indirectly lead to an elevated intake of nitrites and N-nitroso compounds, increasing the risk of diseases for humans and animals. This research hypothesizes that the nitrate accumulation of Lemna minor differs between growing media. Additionally, it evaluates whether legal safety levels of nitrate for human and animal intake are exceeded. The duckweed was grown on (i) rainwater, and (ii) three synthetic media containing different nutrient levels. Furthermore, (iii) biological effluent of swine manure treatment and (iv) aquaculture effluent from pikeperch production were used, as these are potential media for closing nutrient loops in the agriculture sector. It was found that nitrate levels increased with the increasing availability of macronutrients in the water, and pH showed a particularly strong negative correlation with the nitrate levels in the plant. Nevertheless, nitrate content never exceeded 530\u00a0mg NO3 kg-1 fresh weight. To conclude, Lemna minor's nitrate content was below safety limits for human consumption in all tested growing media; however, a potential risk for ruminants was observed as these are more sensitive to nitrate conversions in their gastro-intestinal track.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "SAMPLES", "Wastewater", "NUTRIENTS", "01 natural sciences", "Food safety", "BIOMASS", "03 medical and health sciences", "Crude protein", "Vegetables", "Lemnaceae", "Animals", "Araceae", "Humans", "Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "PLANT", "FRUITS", "VEGETABLES", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrates", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "Agricultural effluents", "NITRITE CONTENT", "Agriculture", "General Medicine", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Pollution", "DUCKWEEDS LEMNACEAE", "6. Clean water", "Culture Media", "NITROGEN", "Feed safety", "Health", "Public Health", "Dietary Proteins"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology%20and%20Environmental%20Safety", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111380"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-24", "title": "An Integrated Weed Management framework: A pan-European perspective", "description": "Initiatives to reduce the reliance of agriculture on pesticides, including the European Union (EU) Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides (SUD), have yet to lead to widespread implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles. Developments in weed management have strongly focused on increasing the efficiency of herbicides or substituting herbicides with other single tactics such as mechanical control. To increase sustainability of agricultural systems in practice, a paradigm shift in weed management is needed: from a single tactic and single growing season approach towards holistic integrated weed management (IWM) considering more than a single cropping season and focusing on management of weed communities, rather than on control of single species. To support this transition, an IWM framework for implementing a system level approach is presented. The framework consists of five pillars: diverse cropping systems, cultivar choice and establishment, field and soil management, direct control and the cross-cutting pillar monitoring and evaluation. IWM is an integral part of integrated pest management (IPM) and adopting IWM will serve as a driver for the development of sustainable agricultural systems of the future.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agroecology; Diversification; Holistic weed management; Weed communities", "Diversification", "Holistic weed management", "Weed communities", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agroecology", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/544391/1/Riemens%20et%20al_2022_EURAGR_final.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-05", "title": "Effects of herbaceous covers and mineral fertilizers on the nutrient stocks and fluxes in a Mediterranean olive grove", "description": "The preservation of nutrient capital, soil fertility, and carbon (C) sequestration capacity in Mediterranean olive groves requires evaluation of agricultural practices beyond short-term productivity. We aim to contribute with a mechanistic understanding on the effects that the preservation of herbaceous cover and the use of chemical fertilizers have on the performance of olive trees and on the biogeochemical cycles of the agroecosystem. We compared nutrient fluxes and aboveground leafy stocks in an olive grove that had been organically managed for more than 60 years, in a treatment in which the annual spontaneous herbaceous cover was maintained (H), and after two years of shift to conventional management treatments in which the growth of herbaceous vegetation was avoided by the use of herbicides (NH), and where exclusion of the herbaceous cover is also combined with the supply of mineral fertilizers (NHF). Maintenance of herbaceous vegetation in H contributed to the retention of a high aboveground capital of C and nutrients, particularly nitrogen, (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) that were about 2.9, 3.9 and 7.4 times greater than in NH, respectively. The permanence of herbaceous cover stimulated olive tree leaf litter decomposition rates by about 86 % and increased nutrient release. However, the H treatment led to a 37 % decrease in olive yield and lowered olive foliar N and P content as negative short-term effects. The addition of fertilizers (N, P, K, and Mg) in mineral and solid form in NHF resulted inefficient to improve olive tree nutritional status and olive production, and decelerated olive tree litter decomposition rates by 21 % and nutrient release. The nutrient retention in organic forms in the fast-growing species of herbaceous covers and the progressive nutrient release as litter decomposes may contribute to regulate and better adapt nutrient availability to the nutrient requirements of olive trees.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agroecosistemas", "Cubierta vegetal", "Agroecosystem", "Litter decomposition", "Sustainable agriculture", "Microclimate amelioration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultura sostenible", "Nutritional status", "Weed cover", "13. Climate action", "Olive production", "Abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Olea europaea", "Hojarasca", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126597"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126597", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116896", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-02", "title": "Knowledge and perceptions of invasive plant biocontrol in Europe versus the rest of the world", "description": "Biological control (BC) of invasive alien plants (IAP) can be an effective environmental management approach. It has only very recently been adopted in Europe and is underutilized compared to other continents where this method has been successfully implemented for over a century. This is in sharp contrast to the BC of invertebrate pests, which has been taken up widely within Europe. It has been suggested that this is related to the risk-adverse attitude of Europeans towards weed BC. Scientific and public perception have a major influence on environmental policy actions. Public perception and knowledge regarding BC is an understudied subject despite its relevance for the application of this management alternative. We aimed to assess the knowledge and perception of BC of IAP among European professionals compared with their peers from other continents. To this end we conducted an online survey including multiple choice and open questions among over 700 people professionally engaged with managing the natural environment, of which approximately half were from Europe (EU) and the others from outside (non-EU). We assessed relationships between the geographical location of the respondents and their knowledge, and perceptions of BC of weeds versus BC of invertebrate pests. We found that respondents' location influenced both perceptions and knowledge of BC for weeds. Compared to non-EU respondents, EU professionals showed less appreciation for BC (e.g., regarding safety, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness), and perceived it as a riskier method, particularly in the case of practitioners and researchers. More profoundly insect pest BC tended to be considered less safe than weed BC for non-EU respondents. Confidence in weed BC as a method, as well as in the validity of the associated pre-release risk assessments, strongly increased with the level of expertise in weed BC. While a much higher proportion of non-EU respondents were correctly aware of the presence/absence of BC in their own countries and identified successful examples of BC accurately, both groups of respondents were similarly aware of unsuccessful BC examples, including BC agents against animals, stressing the bias of EU respondents towards examples of BC failure. The appreciation of weed BC in Europe could be elevated by a combination of increasing knowledge of the technique and pre-release risk assessment and promoting successful examples of weed BC, which may bring major benefits for the management of IAP across the region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Public perception", "Weed Control", "Plant Weeds", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Europe", "Attitude", "13. Climate action", "Biological control", "Europe Weeds", "Animals", "Weeds", "Survey", "ta218"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116896"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116896", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116896", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116896"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-020-15586-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:17:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-21", "title": "Biological weed control to relieve millions from Ambrosia allergies in Europe", "description": "AbstractInvasive alien species (IAS) can substantially affect ecosystem services and human well-being. However, quantitative assessments of their impact on human health are rare and the benefits of implementing IAS management likely to be underestimated. Here we report the effects of the allergenic plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia on public health in Europe and the potential impact of the accidentally introduced leaf beetle Ophraella communa on the number of patients and healthcare costs. We find that, prior to the establishment of O. communa, some 13.5 million persons suffered from Ambrosia-induced allergies in Europe, causing costs of Euro 7.4 billion annually. Our projections reveal that biological control of A. artemisiifolia will reduce the number of patients by approximately 2.3 million and the health costs by Euro 1.1 billion per year. Our conservative calculations indicate that the currently discussed economic costs of IAS underestimate the real costs and thus also the benefits from biological control.Weeds represent a significant threat to crop yields and global food security. We analysed data on weed competition from the world's longest running agricultural experiment to ask whether potential yield losses from weeds have increased in response to management and environmental change since the advent of the Green Revolution in the 1960s. On plots where inorganic nitrogen fertiliser has been applied, potential yield losses from weeds have consistently increased since 1969. This was explained by a warming climate, measured as air temperature averaged over the growing season for the weeds, and a shift towards shorter crop cultivars. Weeds also reduced yield proportionally more on plots with higher rates of nitrogen which had higher yields when weeds were controlled; the relative benefit of herbicides was, therefore, proportional to potential crop yield. Reducing yield losses from weed competition is increasingly challenging because of the evolution of herbicide resistance. Our results demonstrate that weeds now represent a greater inherent threat to crop production than before the advent of herbicides and integrated, sustainable solutions to weed management are urgently needed to protect the high yield potential of modern crop genotypes.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Herbicides", "Climate Change", "Weed Control", "Weed competition", "Plant Weeds", "Integrated weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop yield", "Herbicide Resistance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15585"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15585"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15585", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15585", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15585"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy10111836", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-23", "title": "Legume Ecotypes and Commercial Cultivars Differ in Performance and Potential Suitability for Use as Permanent Living Mulch in Mediterranean Vegetable Systems", "description": "Weed control in organic conservative vegetable systems is extremely challenging and the use of legume permanent living mulches (pLM) presents an interesting opportunity. The successful use of pLM is largely determined by the choice of appropriate legumes which are able to combine adequate weed control with a marginal competitive effect on the cash crop(s). However, the availability of legumes for such systems is limited and their characterization based on growth traits can support the selection of suitable legumes for conservation organic vegetable systems. The current study investigated weed control capacity and variability in morphological and phenological traits relevant in inter-plant competition among a range of 11 commercial cultivars of legumes and seven ecotypes of Medicago polymorpha (bur medic). For commercial cultivars, Lotus corniculatus (bird\uffe2\uff80\uff99s-foot trefoil) and Trifolium repens (white clover) showed the best weed control capacity, while Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover) and Medicago polymopha had more suitable characteristics for a rapid and complete establishment of the pLM. Overall, legume mulches appear more effective in dicotyledonous than in monocotyledonous weed control. Trifolium subterraneum cv. Antas and T. repens cv. Haifa were identified as the potentially most suitable legumes for use as pLM and their use in mixtures could be a promising solution. In addition, the ecotypes of Medicago polymorpha Manciano and Talamone proved to be well adapted for local environmental conditions and they showed a better weed suppression than the commercial cultivars of Medicago polymorpha.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "weed control", "S", "bur clover", "dead mulch", "Weed management", "Agriculture", "reduced tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "clover", "15. Life on land", "Soil tillage", "legume screening", "organic farming", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic farming; weed control; legume screening; dead mulch; clover; bur clover; reduced tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/11/1836/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/535991/1/Leoni%20et%20al_2020_permanent%20living%20mulches_agronomy%28MDPI%29-10-01836_final.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/11/1836/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111836"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy10111836", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy10111836", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy10111836"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/wre.12452", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-06", "title": "Influence of intra\u2010row cruciferous surrogate weed growth on crop yield in organic spring cereals", "description": "AbstractIn Northern Europe, inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90row hoeing has become a popular tactic for controlling weeds in organic cereals. Hoeing is highly effective and can be implemented from crop emergence until stem elongation to maintain a nearly weed\uffe2\uff80\uff90free inter\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone. However, hoeing has a lesser effect on weeds growing in the intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone, where crop\uffe2\uff80\uff93weed proximity results in heightened competition. In the hoed cereal system, it is investigated whether tall\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing, competitive, cruciferous weeds in the intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row zone affect crop biomass, yield and thousand kernel weight (TKW). An additive experimental design is employed to enable the fitting of rectangular hyperbolas, describing and quantifying the effects of increasing intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row surrogate weed density on crop growth parameters. Regressions were studied under the influence of crop (spring barley and spring wheat), row spacing (narrow [12.5 or 15.0\uffc2\uffa0cm] and wide [25.0\uffc2\uffa0cm]) and nitrogen rate (50 and 100\uffc2\uffa0kg NH4\uffe2\uff80\uff90N/ha). Cruciferous surrogate weeds were found to impact crop yield and quality severely. For example, ten intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row plants/m2 of surrogate weed Sinapis alba reduced grains yields by 7%\uffe2\uff80\uff9314% in spring barley and by 7%\uffe2\uff80\uff9332% in spring wheat with yield losses becoming markedly greater in wheat compared to barley as weed density increases. Compared to wheat, barley limited yield and quality losses and suppressed intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weed growth more. Row spacing did not have a consistent effect on crop or weed parameters; in one of six experiments, the 25\uffc2\uffa0cm row spacing reduced yields and increased intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weed biomass in wheat. Nitrogen rate did not affect crop or weed parameters. Results warrant the implementation of additional tactics to control intra\uffe2\uff80\uff90row weeds and limit crop losses.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hordeum vulgare L.", "thousand kernel weight", "nitrogen rate", "Hordeum vulgare L.", " Triticum aestivum L.", " inter-row hoeing", " nitrogen rate", " inter-row spacing", " thousand kernel weight", " crop-weed competition.", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "crop", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "weed competition", "inter-row hoeing", "inter-row spacing", "Triticum aestivum L."]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12452"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Weed%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/wre.12452", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/wre.12452", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/wre.12452"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1564/v31_aug_02", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-05", "title": "IWMPRAISE \u2013 An EU Horizon 2020 Project Providing Integrated Weed Management Solutions to European Farmers", "description": "IWMPRAISE is the first EU Framework Research project focusing solely on weed management. Thirty-eight partners in eight European countries are working together on developing integrated weed management strategies for agricultural and horticultural crops. Per Kudsk, the coordinator of IWMPRAISE, and the work package leaders present the project, the on-going studies and some of the early outputs. Weeds are ubiquitous and cause substantial yield losses across all arable and horticultural systems. Currently, the reliance on herbicides is very high in conventional farming systems and in many European countries herbicides are the single most used group of pesticides (https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=aei_fm_salpest09&lang=en). There are several reasons for the high herbicide use, such as lack of threshold-based spraying decisions and lack of any single sufficiently effective, readily applicable, cost-effective non-chemical method. Nonetheless, two factors are driving an immediate need to change weed control practices in conventional farming: the rapidly increasing problem of herbicide resistance, exacerbated by the fact that no new herbicide sites of action have been marketed since the early 1980s, and the expectation that many of the currently used herbicides will be withdrawn from the EU market as they do not meet the human and environmental toxicity criteria set out in EU Regulation 1109/2009. In addition to these two immediate concerns, it has also been shown that herbicides have partly been responsible for recent declines in farmland biodiversity and hence a negative impact on the associated ecosystem services. The over-reliance on chemical control of weeds has highlighted the need for Integrated Weed Management (IWM) strategies that combine non-chemical management options that reduce either weed density or competition with the crop.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Non-chemical weed control", "Cultural weed control", "Herbicides", "13. Climate action", "Biological control", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biological control; Cultural weed control; Herbicides; Non-chemical weed control; Soil tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1564/v31_aug_02"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Outlooks%20on%20Pest%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1564/v31_aug_02", "name": "item", "description": "10.1564/v31_aug_02", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1564/v31_aug_02"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17180/ciag-2025-vol98-art06-gb", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:55Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Reducing the use of plant protection products and greenhouse gas emissions in arable farming systems in northern France (System-Eco+).", "description": "Crop protection and nitrogen fertilizers uses are the mainstays of large-scale cereal and industrial cropping systems in northern France. Biological and climatic effects call to design and evaluate cropping systems that cut the use of plant protection products by implementing counterbalancing agronomic levers aiming to maintain yields. An experimental set-up composed of 7 cropping systems located at the Estr\u00e9es-Mons agronomic station (France) was monitored from 2018 to 2024. The experiment combined decrease in the use of plant protection products while improving the greenhouse gas (GHG) balance by reducing synthetic fertilization. The introduction of cropping systems designed to reduce the use of pesticides made it possible to achieve treatment frequency index (TFI) reductions of 70 to 100% without significantly affecting yields and while ensuring weed control. This also resulted in a significant reduction in fungicide and herbicide residues in the soil. The levers used to reduce the use of plant protection products have a neutral effect on greenhouse gas emissions, or even a favourable effect when leguminous crops are introduced into the succession to provide soil cover and balance the nitrogen balance.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Greenhouse Gases", "Fertilization", "Nitrous Oxide", "Soil organic carbon storage", "0", "Weeds", "Weeds ; Pesticides ; Fertilization ; Nitrous Oxide ; Soil organic carbon storage ; Greenhouse Gases", "Pesticides", "FairCarboN"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17180/ciag-2025-vol98-art06-gb"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17180/ciag-2025-vol98-art06-gb", "name": "item", "description": "10.17180/ciag-2025-vol98-art06-gb", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17180/ciag-2025-vol98-art06-gb"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/02-3005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:19:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-04", "title": "Co-2 Enrichment Reduces The Energetic Cost Of Biomass Construction In An Invasive Desert Grass", "description": "To examine how global change could influence species invasions, we compared the responses of energetic processes and growth of invasive and native grass species to atmospheric CO2 enrichment in an intact Mojave Desert ecosystem. Combined with its modest influence on photosynthetic activity, elevated atmospheric CO2 was associated with a significant reduction in the energetic cost of aboveground biomass construction in invasive Bromus madritensis spp. rubens (red brome) without a concurrent cost reduction in native Vulpia octoflora (six-weeks fescue). Consequently, the invasive grass species grew faster, grew bigger, and produced more seeds with atmospheric CO2 enrichment than the native grass species. As a physiological mechanism of invasive species success driven by CO2 enrichment, such alterations in biomass construction costs combined with increased photosynthetic activity could trigger a shift in the species composition of this ecosystem, and potentially that of other invaded ecosystems, toward increa...", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Bromus madritensis spp. rubens", "Invasive species", "Invasive grasses", "Red brome", "Systems Biology", "Plant Biology", "Native grasses", "NDFF", "Weed Science", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Mojave Desert", "Vulpia octoflora", "Relative growth rate", "13. Climate action", "Energetics", "Six-weeks fescue", "Construction cost", "Elevated CO2", "Photosynthesis", "Nevada"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/02-3005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/02-3005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/02-3005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/02-3005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:03Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2021-09-21", "title": "Advances in mechanical weed control technologies", "description": "Mechanical weed control can be grouped into three categories: full-width cultivators, inter-row cultivators and intra-row cultivators. This chapter will highlight the most recent and relevant advances within each category. The focus will be on novel inventions and developments of mechanical devices, designs, and the weed problems they are meant to solve. Moreover, automation technologies that assist weeding operations are becoming increasingly important and will be given special attention.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "vision technology", "automatic steering", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVP Pest control / plant diseases", "perennial weeds", "intra-row cultivation", "annual weeds", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production", "01 natural sciences", "GNSS technology", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture", "Inter-row cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "automatic intra-row weeding", "full-width cultivation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0098.11"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "name": "item", "description": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.19103/as.2021.0098.11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.24072/pcjournal.11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-10", "title": "Modelling the impact of the macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis on rumen microbial fermentation and methane production", "description": "AbstractBackgroundThe red macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis is a potent natural supplement for reducing methane production from cattle. A. taxiformis contains several anti-methanogenic compounds including bromoform that inhibits directly methanogenesis. The positive and adverse effects of A. taxiformis on the rumen microbiota are dose-dependent and operate in a dynamic fashion. It is therefore key to characterize the dynamic response of the rumen microbial fermentation for identifying optimal conditions on the use of A. taxiformis as a dietary supplement for methane mitigation. Accordingly, the objective of this work was to model the effect of A. taxiformis supplementation on the rumen microbial fermentation under in vitro conditions. We adapted a published mathematical model of rumen microbial fermentation to account for A. taxiformis supplementation. We modelled the impact of A. taxiformis on the fermentation and methane production by two mechanisms, namely (i) direct inhibition of the growth rate of methanogens by bromoform and (ii) hydrogen control on sugars utilization and on the flux allocation towards volatile fatty acids production. We calibrated our model using a multi-experiment estimation approach that integrated experimental data with six macroalgae supplementation levels from a published in vitro study assessing the dose-response impact of A. taxiformis on rumen fermentation.
Resultsour model captured satisfactorily the effect of A. taxiformis on the dynamic profile of rumen microbial fermentation for the six supplementation levels of A. taxiformis with an average determination coefficient of 0.88 and an average coefficient of variation of the root mean squared error of 15.2% for acetate, butyrate, propionate, ammonia and methane.
Conclusionsour results indicated the potential of our model as prediction tool for assessing the impact of additives such as seaweeds on the rumen microbial fermentation and methane production in vitro. Additional dynamic data on hydrogen and bromoform are required to validate our model structure and look for model structure improvements. We expect this model development can be useful to help the design of sustainable nutritional strategies promoting healthy rumen function and low environmental footprint.
", "keywords": ["570", "Asparagopsis taxiformis", "[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "methane inhibitors", "Science", "rumen model", "630", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering", "rumen microbiota", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "greenhouse gas mitigation", " hydrogen control", " methane inhibitors", " methane mitigation", " red seaweed", " rumen fermentation", " rumen microbiota", " rumen model.", "[SDV.SA.SPA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies", "2. Zero hunger", "methane mitigation", "Q", "greenhouse gas mitigation", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation", "[SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology", "rumen fermentation", "Archaeology", "hydrogen control", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "red seaweed", "[INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation", "environment/Ecosystems", "[INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering", "CC1-960"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peercommunityjournal.org/item/10.24072/pcjournal.11.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.11"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Peer%20Community%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.24072/pcjournal.11", "name": "item", "description": "10.24072/pcjournal.11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.24072/pcjournal.11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-07", "title": "Laser Weeding with Small Autonomous Vehicles: Friends or Foes?", "description": "Weed control is necessary to ensure a high crop yield with good quality. Herbicide application and mechanical weeding are the most common methods worldwide. The use of herbicides has led to the increasing occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds and unwanted contamination of the environment. Mechanical weed control harms beneficial organisms, increases the degradation of organic matter, may dry out the soil, and stimulate new cohorts of weed seeds to germinate. Therefore, there is a need to develop more sustainable weed control means. We suggest using small autonomous vehicles equipped with lasers as a sustainable alternative method. Laser beams are based on electricity, which can be produced from non-fossil fuels. Deep learning methods can be used to locate and identify weed and crop plants for targeting and delivery of laser energy with robotic actuators. Given the targeted nature of laser beams, the area exposed for weed control can be reduced substantially compared to commonly used weed control methods. Therefore, the risk of affecting non-target organisms is minimized, and the soil will be kept untouched in the field, avoiding triggering weed seeds to germinate. Small autonomous vehicles may have limited weeding capacity, and precautions need to be taken as reflections from the laser beam can be harmful to humans and animals. In this paper, we discuss the pros and cons of replacing or supplementing common used weed control methods with laser weeding. The ability to use laser weeding technology is relatively new and not yet widely practiced or commercially available. Therefore, we do not discuss and compare the costs of the various methods at this early stage of the development of the technology.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "alternative weed control", " integrated weed management", " non-chemical weed control", " site-specific weed management", " thermal weed control", " weed killers", "non-chemical weed control", "Plant culture", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "SB1-1110", "thermal weed control", "integrated weed management", "13. Climate action", "site-specific weed management", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "weed killers", "alternative weed control"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Andreasen Christian, Scholle Karsten, Saberi Mahin,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fagro.2022.841086", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fagro.2022.841086"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-03-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy10071044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-07-20", "title": "Spatial Modelling of Within-Field Weed Populations; a Review", "description": "Concerns around herbicide resistance, human risk, and the environmental impacts of current weed control strategies have led to an increasing demand for alternative weed management methods. Many new weed management strategies are under development; however, the poor availability of accurate weed maps, and a lack of confidence in the outcomes of alternative weed management strategies, has hindered their adoption. Developments in field sampling and processing, combined with spatial modelling, can support the implementation and assessment of new and more integrated weed management strategies. Our review focuses on the biological and mathematical aspects of assembling within-field weed models. We describe both static and spatio-temporal models of within-field weed distributions (including both cellular automata (CA) and non-CA models), discussing issues surrounding the spatial processes of weed dispersal and competition and the environmental and anthropogenic processes that affect weed spatial and spatio-temporal distributions. We also examine issues surrounding model uncertainty. By reviewing the current state-of-the-art in both static and temporally dynamic weed spatial modelling we highlight some of the strengths and weaknesses of current techniques, together with current and emerging areas of interest for the application of spatial models, including targeted weed treatments, economic analysis, herbicide resistance and integrated weed management, the dispersal of biocontrol agents, and invasive weed species.
", "keywords": ["ANZSRC::3004 Crop and pasture production", "2. Zero hunger", "land and farm management", "Targeted weed treatment", "weed mapping", "S", "site specific weed management", "ANZSRC::3002 Agriculture", "Integrated weed management", "Agriculture", "Spatio-temporal models", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "targeted weed treatment", "spatio-temporal models", "integrated weed management", "Weed mapping", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Site specific weed management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/1044/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10071044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy10071044", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy10071044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy10071044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy10101616", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-20", "title": "A Concept of a Compact and Inexpensive Device for Controlling Weeds with Laser Beams", "description": "A prototype of a relatively cheap laser-based weeding device was developed and tested on couch grass (Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski) mixed with tomatoes. Three types of laser were used (0.3 W, 1 W, and 5 W). A neural network was trained to identify the weed plants, and a laser guidance system estimated the coordinates of the weed. An algorithm was developed to estimate the energy necessary to harm the weed plants. We also developed a decision model for the weed control device. The energy required to damage a plant depended on the diameter of the plant which was related to plant length. The 1 W laser was not sufficient to eliminate all weed plants and required too long exposure time. The 5 W laser was more efficient but also harmed the crop if the laser beam became split into two during the weeding process. There were several challenges with the device, which needs to be improved upon. In particular, the time of exposure needs to be reduced significantly. Still, the research showed that it is possible to develop a concept for laser weeding using relatively cheap equipment, which can work in complicated situations where weeds and crop are mixed.
", "keywords": ["thermal weed control", "laser-weeding; laser-based weed control; non-chemical weed control; thermal weed control", "S", "non-chemical weed control", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "laser-based weed control", "laser-weeding"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/10/1616/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/10/1616/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101616"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/SSRN%20Electronic%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy10101616", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy10101616", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy10101616"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11040747", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-12", "title": "Defining Integrated Weed Management: A Novel Conceptual Framework for Models", "description": "Weed population dynamics models are an important tool for predicting the outcome of alternative Integrated Weed Management (IWM) scenarios. The growing problem of herbicide resistance has increased the urgency for these tools in the design of sustainable IWM solutions. We developed a conceptual framework for defining IWM as a standardised input template to allow output from different models to be compared and to design IWM scenarios. The framework could also be used as a quantitative metric to determine whether more diverse systems are more sustainable and less vulnerable to herbicide resistance using empirical data. Using the logic of object-oriented programming, we defined four classes of weed management options based on the stage in the weed life cycle that they impact and processes that mediate their effects. Objects in the same class share a common set of properties that determine their behaviour in weed population dynamics models. Any weed control \uffe2\uff80\uff9cevent\uffe2\uff80\uff9d in a system is associated with an object, meaning alternative management scenarios can be built by systematically adding events to a model either to compare existing systems or design novel approaches. Our framework is designed to be generic, allowing IWM systems from different cropping systems and countries to be compared.
", "keywords": ["weed life cycle", "resistance management", "S", "population dynamics modelling", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Integrated Pest Management", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/747/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/747/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040747"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11040747", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11040747", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11040747"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants10061124", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-02", "title": "Lemna minor Cultivation for Treating Swine Manure and Providing Micronutrients for Animal Feed", "description": "The potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater into a protein-rich feed component to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions was investigated. Three pilot-scale systems were monitored for nine weeks under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with a mixture of the liquid fraction and the biological effluent of a swine manure treatment system diluted with rainwater in order that the weekly N and P addition was equal to the N and P removal by the system. The design tested the accumulation of elements in a continuous recirculation system. Potassium, Cl, S, Ca, and Mg were abundantly available in the swine manure wastewaters and tended to accumulate, being a possible cause of concern for long-operating recirculation systems. The harvested duckweed was characterised for its mineral composition and protein content. In animal husbandry, trace elements are specifically added to animal feed as micronutrients and, thus, feedstuffs biofortified with essential trace elements can provide added value. Duckweed grown on the tested mixture of swine manure waste streams could be considered as a source of Mn, Zn, and Fe for swine feed, while it is not a source of Cu for swine feed. Moreover, it was observed that As, Cd, and Pb content were below the limits of the feed Directive 2002/32/EC in the duckweed grown on the tested medium. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters in a recirculated system while producing a feed source with a protein content of 35% DM.
", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "CONSTRUCTED WETLAND", "mineral supplements", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "BIOMASS", "12. Responsible consumption", "REMOVAL", "agricultural wastewater", "WASTE-WATER", "nutrient recovery", "remediation", "Lemnaceae", "ACCUMULATION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "feed safety", "Botany", "PERFORMANCE", "6. Clean water", "NITROGEN", "PHOSPHORUS", "QK1-989", "GROWTH", "accumulation", "DUCKWEED"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/6/1124/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061124"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants10061124", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants10061124", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants10061124"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants9060715", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-04", "title": "Biology and Management of Vulpia myuros\u2014An Emerging Weed Problem in No-Till Cropping Systems in Europe", "description": "Recently, Vulpia myuros has become a problematic grass weed species in parts of Europe. It is most common in no-till cropping systems. The inherent tolerance to several selective grass weed herbicides is of serious concern to the successful management of V. myuros in arable farming. Here, we reviewed the available knowledge about the biology of V. myuros to identify knowledge gaps and assess management efforts to identify best practices for control. V. myuros is a winter-annual species producing seeds with a short dormancy that can germinate at a wide range of conditions. Seed longevity in the soil is short. Little information is available on the influence of V. myuros on crop yield but some results suggest that yield losses can be significant. The findings provide a better understanding of the weedy characteristics of V. myuros and highlight that management strategies in Europe need to be diversified and integrate preventive and cultural control methods. Finally, we identify some of the management tools that should be considered to minimize the impact of V. myuros on European farming and future needs for research to develop sustainable integrated weed management strategies.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "non-chemical weed control", "seed dormancy", "Botany", "seed germination", "Review", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "seed longevity", "chemical control", "vernalization", "cultural weed control", "integrated weed management", "QK1-989", "life cycle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/6/715/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060715"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants9060715", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants9060715", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants9060715"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs10050761", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-15", "title": "Unsupervised Classification Algorithm for Early Weed Detection in Row-Crops by Combining Spatial and Spectral Information", "description": "In agriculture, reducing herbicide use is a challenge to reduce health and environmental risks while maintaining production yield and quality. Site-specific weed management is a promising way to reach this objective but requires efficient weed detection methods. In this paper, an automatic image processing has been developed to discriminate between crop and weed pixels combining spatial and spectral information extracted from four-band multispectral images. Image data was captured at 3 m above ground, with a camera (multiSPEC 4C, AIRINOV, Paris) mounted on a pole kept manually. For each image, the field of view was approximately 4 m \uffc3\uff97 3 m and the resolution was 6 mm/pix. The row crop arrangement was first used to discriminate between some crop and weed pixels depending on their location inside or outside of crop rows. Then, these pixels were used to automatically build the training dataset concerning the multispectral features of crop and weed pixel classes. For each image, a specific training dataset was used by a supervised classifier (Support Vector Machine) to classify pixels that cannot be correctly discriminated using only the initial spatial approach. Finally, inter-row pixels were classified as weed and in-row pixels were classified as crop or weed depending on their spectral characteristics. The method was assessed on 14 images captured on maize and sugar beet fields. The contribution of the spatial, spectral and combined information was studied with respect to the classification quality. Our results show the better ability of the spatial and spectral combination algorithm to detect weeds between and within crop rows. They demonstrate the improvement of the weed detection rate and the improvement of its robustness. On all images, the mean value of the weed detection rate was 89% for spatial and spectral combination method, 79% for spatial method, and 75% for spectral method. Moreover, our work shows that the plant in-line sowing can be used to design an automatic image processing and classification algorithm to detect weed without requiring any manual data selection and labelling. Since the method required crop row identification, the method is suitable for wide-row crops and high spatial resolution images (at least 6 mm/pix).
", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "weed detection", "SVM", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "spatial information", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "image processing", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "multispectral information", "automatic training data set generation", "automatic training dataset generation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "weed detection;image processing;spatial information;multispectral information;automatic training data set generation", "weed detection; image processing; spatial information; multispectral information; automatic training data set generation; SVM"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/5/761/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050761"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs10050761", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs10050761", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs10050761"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-05-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13214486", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-09", "title": "Deep Neural Networks to Detect Weeds from Crops in Agricultural Environments in Real-Time: A Review", "description": "Automation, including machine learning technologies, are becoming increasingly crucial in agriculture to increase productivity. Machine vision is one of the most popular parts of machine learning and has been widely used where advanced automation and control have been required. The trend has shifted from classical image processing and machine learning techniques to modern artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) methods. Based on large training datasets and pre-trained models, DL-based methods have proven to be more accurate than previous traditional techniques. Machine vision has wide applications in agriculture, including the detection of weeds and pests in crops. Variation in lighting conditions, failures to transfer learning, and object occlusion constitute key challenges in this domain. Recently, DL has gained much attention due to its advantages in object detection, classification, and feature extraction. DL algorithms can automatically extract information from large amounts of data used to model complex problems and is, therefore, suitable for detecting and classifying weeds and crops. We present a systematic review of AI-based systems to detect weeds, emphasizing recent trends in DL. Various DL methods are discussed to clarify their overall potential, usefulness, and performance. This study indicates that several limitations obstruct the widespread adoption of AI/DL in commercial applications. Recommendations for overcoming these challenges are summarized.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "precision agriculture", "deep learning in agriculture; precision agriculture; weed detection; robotic weed control; machine vision for weed control", "Precision agriculture", "Machine vision for weed control", "robotic weed control", "weed detection", "Science", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "deep learning in agriculture", "Deep learning in agriculture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "machine vision for weed control", "Weed detection", "Robotic weed control"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4486/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214486"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13214486", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13214486", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13214486"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3897/neobiota.55.46874", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-25T16:21:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-06", "title": "In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species", "description": "One of the biggest challenges in classical biological control of invasive weeds is predicting the likelihood of success. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a North American plant species that has become invasive in Europe, causes economic losses due to health problems resulting from its huge amount of highly allergenic pollen and as a weed to agricultural crops resulting from high seed densities. Here we assessed whether the pollen and seed output of the annual A. artemisiifolia (at the end of the season) is related to in-season abundance of, or damage by, the accidentally introduced biological control agent Ophraella communa. We monitored the growth and leaf damage of individually labelled A. artemisiifolia plants at four locations in Northern Italy and recorded abundance of different O. communa life stages at regular intervals. We found that the in-season level of leaf damage by O. communa consistently helped to explain seed production in combination with plant volume and site throughout the season. Feeding damage, plant volume and site also explained pollen production by A. artemisiifolia six weeks before male flower formation. At three out of four sites, plants with more than 10% leaf damage in mid-June or early July had a very low likelihood of seed formation. Leaf damage proved to be a better explanatory variable than O. communa abundance. Our results suggest that the monitoring of the in-season leaf damage can help to project the local impact of O. communa on A. artemisiifolia at the end of the season and thus inform management regarding the needs for additional measures to control this prominent invader.