ABSTRACT The market of stabilized, slow and controlled release nitrogen (N) fertilizers represents 1% of the world fertilizer consumption. On the other hand, the increase in availability, innovation and application of these technologies could lead to the improvement of N use efficiency in agroecossystems and to the reduction of environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to quantify agronomic efficiency relative index, ammonia volatilization, and CO2 emissions from conventional, stabilized and controlled release N fertilizers in corn summer crop. The experiment was carried out in a corn crop area located in Lavras, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, without irrigation. All treatments were applied in topdressing at rate of 150 kg ha-1 N. N-NH3 losses from N fertilizers were: Granular urea (39% of the applied N ) = prilled urea (38%) > urea coated with 16% S0 (32%) = blend of urea + 7.9% S0 + polymers + conventional urea (32%) > prilled urea incorporated at 0.02 m depth (24%) > urea + 530 mg kg-1 of NBPT (8%) = Hydrolyzed leather (9%) > urea + thermoplastic resin (3%) = ammonium sulfate (1%) = ammonium nitrate (0.7%). Thermoplastic resin coated urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate presented low values of cumulative CO2 emissions in corn crop. On the other hand, hydrolyzed leather promoted greater C-CO2 emission, when compared with other nitrogen fertilizers.
", "keywords": ["Coated urea", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture (General)", "Biomedical Engineering", "no-tillage", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Pesticide Pollution and Management", "Ammonia volatilization from urea", "FOS: Medical engineering", "Nitrate", "S1-972", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Fertilizer", "Zea mays L.", "Ammonia", "perdas de NH3", "Agricultural Applications", "Urea", "Ammonium nitrate", "Ammonium sulfate", "Biology", "Effects of Soil Compaction on Crop Production", "4. Education", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Pollution", "Agronomy", "Chemistry", "plantio direto", "Controlled Release Materials for Agriculture", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NH3 loss", "CO2", "Ammonium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017415003917"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ci%C3%AAncia%20e%20Agrotecnologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/1413-70542017415003917", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/1413-70542017415003917", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/1413-70542017415003917"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-05", "title": "Corn Development And Production In Function Of Sources Of Nitrogen Fertilizers And Doses", "description": "ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is one of the nutrients that have the most significant effect on corn grain productivity increase. In order to evaluate the effect of sources of N topdressing and doses in the grown corn culture, in a conventional till system, it was installed an experiment in the city of Uruta\uffc3\uffad, Goi\uffc3\uffa1s, in the 2012/13 crop, in clayey textured Red Latosol. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a factorial 3 x 5, consisting of three sources (coated urea, urea and ammonium sulfate) and five doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1) of N, topdressing, applied in the surface and in a single dose, when the corn plants were in V4 stage. The hybrid used was the P3646H. We evaluated the following characters: stem diameter, plant height, height of ear insertion, leaf N, number of ears per plant, ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 100 grains mass and grain productivity. All characters have a response to nitrogen fertilization and only the height of ear insertion showed no significant difference between sources. The source coated urea showed the best results, indicating that its use may be compensatory, especially in favorable conditions for the NH3 volatilization, as the application of high doses of N in the surface.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Coated urea", "Aduba\u00e7\u00e3o nitrogenada", "S", "QH301-705.5", "Ureia", "Agriculture", "Sulfato de am\u00f4nio", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Aduba\u00e7\u00e3o nitrogenada. Sulfato de am\u00f4nio. Ureia. Ureia revestida. Zea mays L..", "01 natural sciences", "Nitrogen fertilization", "Zea mays L.", "Urea", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nitrogen fertilization. Ammonium sulfate. Urea. Coated urea. Zea mays L..", "Ammonium sulfate", "Biology (General)", "Ureia revestida"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://periodicos.ufersa.edu.br/caatinga/article/view/4377/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Caatinga", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "7b2e7063-c804-42d7-976d-d9fce6a88c15", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Maize (Zea mays L.)"}, {"id": "soil drought"}, {"id": "transpiration"}, {"id": "plant water use"}, {"id": "soil water content"}, {"id": "soil water potential"}, {"id": "soil hydraulic conductivity"}, {"id": "plant hydraulic conductance"}, {"id": "rhizosheath"}, {"id": "root biomass"}, {"id": "phenotyping"}, {"id": "pot"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-11-09", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-11-07", "language": "eng", "title": "Above- and belowground phenotyping of 48 central European maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes", "description": "Within the RihzoTraits project, we conducted a soil drying experiment and coupled it with an above- and belowground phenotyping experiment. We monitored soil moisture dynamics and plant water use (i.e. transpiration, leaf water potential) as well as above- and belowground biomass characteristics of 48 maize varieties originating from Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Of those varieties, 16 qualify as landraces (i.e. released before 1945) while the remaining varieties counted as modern. The experiment was conducted in a mostly automatized phenotyping facility in Freising/ Germany in a greenhouse. \n\nResearch domain: Soil Sciences\n\nResearch question: Is plant water use during soil drying restricted by a drop in belowground hydraulic conductivity?\nHow do plant hydraulic traits impact plant water use during soil drying?", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "Maize (Zea mays L.)", "soil drought", "transpiration", "plant water use", "soil water content", "soil water potential", "soil hydraulic conductivity", "plant hydraulic conductance", "rhizosheath", "root biomass", "phenotyping", "pot", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Tina K\u00f6hler", "organization": "University of Bayreuth + ETH Zurich", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "tina.koehler@usys.ethz.ch"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-6423-6835", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Johanna Pausch", "organization": "University of Bayreuth", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Johanna.Pausch@uni-bayreuth.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-7102-4793", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "ZALF", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Carolin Schaum", "organization": "University of Bayreuth", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caro.schaum@gmx.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Shu-Yin Tung", "organization": "Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Shu-Yin.Tung@lfl.bayern.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-8892-6518", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Franziska Steiner", "organization": "Technical University of Munich", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "f.steiner@tum.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0009-0009-1152-1235", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Nicolas Tyborski", "organization": "University of Bayreuth", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Nicolas.Tyborski@uni-bayreuth.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0009-0008-9031-3532", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Andreas J. Wild", "organization": "University of Bayreuth", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Andreas.Wild@uni-bayreuth.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-0754-461X", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"organization": "University of Bayreuth + ETH Zurich", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=7b2e7063-c804-42d7-976d-d9fce6a88c15", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "7b2e7063-c804-42d7-976d-d9fce6a88c15", "name": "item", "description": "7b2e7063-c804-42d7-976d-d9fce6a88c15", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/7b2e7063-c804-42d7-976d-d9fce6a88c15"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-11-09T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Zea+mays+L.&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Zea+mays+L.&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Zea+mays+L.&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=Zea+mays+L.&offset=4", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4, "numberReturned": 4, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-24T03:30:40.856645Z"}