{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-08-18", "title": "Agroforestry systems: Meta-analysis of soil carbon stocks, sequestration processes, and future potentials", "description": "Abstract<p>Agroforestry (AF) has the potential to restore degraded lands, provide a broader range of ecosystem goods and services such as carbon (C) sequestration and high biodiversity, and increase soil fertility and ecosystem stability through additional C input from trees, erosion prevention, and microclimate improvement. Advantages and processes for global C sequestration in AF are unknown. We used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 427 soil C stock data pairs grouped into four main AF systems\uffe2\uff80\uff94alley cropping, windbreaks, silvopastures, and homegardens\uffe2\uff80\uff94and evaluated changes in AF and adjacent control cropland or pasture. Mean soil C stocks in AF (1\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depth) were 126\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, which is 19% more than that in cropland or pasture. The highest C stocks in soil were in subtropical homegardens, AF with younger trees, and topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm). Increased soil C stocks in AF were lower than aboveground C stocks in most AF systems, except alley cropping. Homegardens stored the highest C in both aboveground and belowground, especially in the subsoil (20\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm). Advantages of AF ecosystem services focusing on mechanisms of belowground C sequestration were analyzed. AF could store 5.3\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0109\uffc2\uffa0Mg additional C in soil on 944\uffc2\uffa0Mha globally, with most in the tropics and subtropics. AF systems could greatly contribute to global soil C sequestration if used in larger areas. Future investigations of AF should include (a) mechanistic\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies (instead of common monitoring and inventories), (b) models linking forest and crop growth with soil water and C and nutrient cycling, and (c) accurate assessments of the AF area worldwide based on the remote sensing approaches.</p>", "keywords": ["meta-analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "13. Climate action", "sustainable land use", "homegardens", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agroforestry management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ecosystem services", "carbon sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-08", "description": "Open AccessEn este estudio se evalu\u00f3 la biomasa a\u00e9rea en seis diferentes sistemas agroforestales de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) asociado con especies forestales maderables y frutales\u00a0; con el prop\u00f3sito de conocer el potencial de captura de carbono por cada sistema. El estudio se realiz\u00f3 en dos diferentes sitios ubicados en la regi\u00f3n San Mart\u00edn (Provinces de San Mart\u00edn et Mariscal C\u00e1ceres). Los sistemas agroforestales estimados presentaron edades de 5, 12 y 20 a\u00f1os. En cada sistema se establecieron aleatoriamente cinco cuadrantes de 100 m2 cada uno, evalu\u00e1ndose la biomasa vegetal total existente. Para evaluar la ecuaci\u00f3n alom\u00e9trica del cacao se muestrearon 7 plantas cuyas edades variaron de 01 hasta 22 a\u00f1os. Loas resultados en captura de carbono en cada sistema agroforestal var\u00edan desde 26,2 t C ha-1para el sistema de Pachiza de 5 a\u00f1os hasta 45,07 t C ha-1del sistema agroforestal de Pachiza de 12 a\u00f1os\u00a0; As\u00ed mismo, la captura de carbono en biomasa arb\u00f3rea de los \u00e1rboles vivos, oscil\u00f3 desde 12,09 t ha-1 hasta 35,5 t ha-1, seguido por la biomasa de hojarasca que presentaron valores desde 4 t ha-1 hasta 9,97 t ha-1\u00a0; mientras la biomasa de \u00e1rboles muertos en pie y ca\u00eddos muertos presentaron valores muy variables y bajos. Los sistemas agroforestales de 12 y 20 a\u00f1os representan el 66,7% de los sistemas que presentan reservas de carbono por encima de los 40 t C ha-1\u00a0; mientras que los sistemas de 5 a\u00f1os se encuentran con reservas de carbono por debajo de los 30 t C ha-1. Los sistemas agroforestales de 5 a\u00f1os ubicados en Juanjui y Pachiza presentaron el mayor flujo de carbono anual, generando el mayor beneficio econ\u00f3mico con cr\u00e9ditos por CO2 equivalente.", "keywords": ["cacao", "sistemas agroforestales", "Horticulture", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Humanities", "Cocoa Production", "Carbono", "cr\u00e9ditos de C", "Agroforestry systems", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "Geography", "Life Sciences", "carbon credits", "FOS: Humanities", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Cacao Agroforestry Management and Conservation", "biomasa", "13. Climate action", "Theobroma", "CO\u00b2", "Art"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Concha, Juanita Y., Alegre, Julio C., Pocomucha, Vicente,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecolog%C3%ADa%20Aplicada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "name": "item", "description": "10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21704/rea.v6i1-2.343"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=agroforestry+management&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=agroforestry+management&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=agroforestry+management&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=agroforestry+management&offset=2", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 2, "numberReturned": 2, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-30T19:06:49.667198Z"}