{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-29", "title": "Long- And Short-Term Precipitation Effects On Soil Co2 Efflux And Total Belowground Carbon Allocation", "description": "Abstract Soil CO 2 efflux ( E soil ), the main pathway of C movement from the biosphere to the atmosphere, is critical to the terrestrial C cycle but how precipitation and soil moisture influence E soil remains poorly understood. Here, we irrigated a longleaf pine wiregrass savanna for six years; this increased soil moisture by 41.2%. We tested how an altered precipitation regime affected total belowground carbon allocation (TBCA), root growth, soil carbon, and E soil . We used two methods to quantify E soil : daytime biweekly manual measurements and automated continuous measurements for one year. We hypothesized that the low-frequency manual method would miss both short- and long-term (i.e., subdaily to annual, respectively) effects of soil moisture on E soil while the high-frequency data from the automated method would allow the effects of soil moisture to be discerned. Root growth was significantly higher in irrigated plots, particularly at 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth. Irrigated annual E soil was significantly greater than that of the control when estimated with the continuous measurements but not when estimated from biweekly measurements. The difference in annual E soil estimates is likely due to (1) the delayed increase in E soil following irrigation pulses of soil moisture (i.e., variation that the biweekly manual measurements missed) and (2) the diel timing of biweekly manual measurements (they were completed early to mid-day before peak efflux). With irrigation, estimates of TBCA increased almost two-fold with automated measurements but only 36% with intermittent measurements. Relative to controls, irrigated treatments stored almost 2\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 more in soils and 0.26\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 more in roots. High-frequency measurements of E soil were essential to estimate total belowground carbon allocation. With irrigation, soil carbon pools were not at steady-state, so shifts in soil carbon storage must be considered in TBCA estimates.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Root demography", "Carbon allocation", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Longleaf pine", "Irrigation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Nitrogen Limitation Of Growth And Nutrient Dynamics In A Disturbed Mangrove Forest, Indian River Lagoon, Florida", "description": "The objectives of this study were to determine effects of nutrient enrichment on plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and photosynthesis in a disturbed mangrove forest in an abandoned mosquito impoundment in Florida. Impounding altered the hydrology and soil chemistry of the site. In 1997, we established a factorial experiment along a tree-height gradient with three zones, i.e., fringe, transition, dwarf, and three fertilizer treatment levels, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), control, in Mosquito Impoundment 23 on the eastern side of Indian River. Transects traversed the forest perpendicular to the shoreline, from a Rhizophora mangle-dominated fringe through an Avicennia germinans stand of intermediate height, and into a scrub or dwarf stand of A. germinans in the hinterland. Growth rates increased significantly in response to N fertilization. Our growth data indicated that this site is N-limited along the tree-height gradient. After 2 years of N addition, dwarf trees resembled vigorously growing saplings. Addition of N also affected internal dynamics of N and P and caused increases in rates of photosynthesis. These findings contrast with results for a R. mangle-dominated forest in Belize where the fringe is N-limited, but the dwarf zone is P-limited and the transition zone is co-limited by N and P. This study demonstrated that patterns of nutrient limitation in mangrove ecosystems are complex, that not all processes respond similarly to the same nutrient, and that similar habitats are not limited by the same nutrient when different mangrove forests are compared.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Leaves", "Nitrogen", "Fresh-water", "Electron-transport", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizophora-mangle", "Trees", "Sediments", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Plant-growth", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "phosphorus", "Photosynthesis", "Vs. Phosphorus Limitation", "Patterns", "Ecosystem", "disturbance", "580", "photosynthesis", "Ecology", "experiment", "Phosphorus", "15. Life on land", "Belize", "Use Efficiency", "Plant Leaves", "fertilization", "Florida", "resorption", "Gradient", "Avicennia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420050581", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Responses Of Communities Of Tropical Tree Species To Elevated Co2 In A Forest Clearing", "description": "Communities of ten species of tropical forest tree seedlings from three successional classes were grown at ambient and elevated CO2 in large open-top chambers on the edge of a forest in Panam\u00e1. Communities grew from 20\u2009cm to approximately 2\u2009m in height in 6 months. No enhancements in plant biomass accumulation occurred under elevated CO2 either in the whole communities or in growth of individual species. Reductions in leaf area index under elevated CO2 were observed, as were decreases in leaf nitrogen concentrations and increases in the C:N ratio of leaf tissue. Species tended to respond individualistically to elevated CO2, but some generalizations of how successional groupings responded could be made. Early and mid-successional species generally showed greater responses to elevated CO2 than late-successional species, particularly with respect to increases in photosynthetic rates and leaf starch concentrations, and reductions in leaf area ratio. Late-successional species showed greater increases in C:N ratios in response to elevated CO2 than did other species. Our results indicate that there may not be an increase in the growth of regenerating tropical forest under elevated CO2, but that there could be changes in soil nutrient availability because of reductions in leaf tissue quality, particularly in late-successional species.", "keywords": ["Successional status", "0106 biological sciences", "Biomass allocation", "Leaf chemistry", "1060 Biologie", "Elevated CO2", "Tropical forest tree species", "1060 Biology", "15. Life on land", "2303 Ecology", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050581"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420050581", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420050581", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420050581"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-08-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11258-010-9720-2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:14:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-03", "title": "Molinia Caerulea Responses To N And P Fertilisation In A Dry Heathland Ecosystem (Nw-Germany)", "description": "In the present study we analysed whether airborne N pollution may constitute one important driver for the encroachment of Molinia caerulea in dry heathland ecosystems. Based on full-factorial field experiments (in 2006 and 2008) and complementary greenhouse experiments (in 2008), we quantified growth responses of Molinia caerulea to N and P fertilisation (50 kg N ha\u22121 year\u22121, 20 kg P ha\u22121 year\u22121). Aboveground biomass production of Moliniacaerulea was limited by P in 2006, but by N in both experiments in 2008. In the greenhouse experiment, N addition caused a sixfold increase of the biomass of vegetative tillers, and in all experiments the biomass and numbers of flowering tillers showed a significant increase due to fertilisation. Our experiments indicated that growth of Molinia caerulea was primarily limited by N, but in dry heaths the kind of nutrient limitation may be mediated by other factors such as water availability during the vegetative period. Shifts in biomass allocation patterns resulting from N fertilisation showed that Moliniacaerulea encroachment in dry heaths is not only attributable to increased leaf biomass, but also due to higher investments in reproductive tissue that allow for increased seed production and thus accelerated encroachment of seedlings in places where the dwarf shrub canopy has been opened after disturbance.", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/559922418; name=Biology", "0106 biological sciences", "Biomass allocation", "N:P ratio", "Nutrient limitation", "Phosphorous supply", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Productivity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-010-9720-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11258-010-9720-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11258-010-9720-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11258-010-9720-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11368-017-1857-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-31", "title": "Fates Of N-15-Labeled Fertilizer In A Black Soil-Maize System And The Response To Straw Incorporation In Northeast China", "description": "Over-fertilization has caused low nitrogen (N) use efficiency and N pollution in China. A better understanding of the fate of fertilizer N is critical for improved appropriate N management practices. We examined the fate of urea-N applied to a typical black soil-maize system and the response to straw incorporation in Northeast China using the field 15N labeling technique. Large plots (25\u00a0m2) were used to reduce artificial disturbance and facilitate multiple samplings in one growing season. We found that of the applied N (200\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121), 52% was taken up by crops at harvest and 24% was retained in the soil (0\u201340\u00a0cm). The unrecovered 23% was likely lost via gases emission or leaching, which mainly occurred in the early days of maize cultivation. Fertilizer N contributions to the crop N uptake were 42% during vegetative growth and 30% during reproductive growth, which indirectly indicates that native soil N was the dominant N source for maize growth. However, high N uptake by maize resulted in low replenishment of fertilizer N to soil N. As a potential nutrient management approach, straw incorporation (2.4\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121) stimulated N retention and reduced N loss, with 14% unrecovered fertilizer N. To maintain long-term soil N supplies, straw incorporation could be a valid agronomic practice to prevent the degradation of black soil because of long-term N depletion during maize cultivation in Northeast China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen use efficiency", "13. Climate action", "Fertilizer-derived N", "Allocation", "N-15 labeling", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mollisol", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-017-1857-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Soils%20and%20Sediments", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11368-017-1857-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11368-017-1857-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11368-017-1857-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-15", "title": "Biodiversity, Carbon Stocks And Sequestration Potential In Aboveground Biomass In Smallholder Farming Systems Of Western Kenya", "description": "Abstract While Carbon (C) sequestration on farmlands may contribute to mitigate CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere, greater agro-biodiversity may ensure longer term stability of C storage in fluctuating environments. This study was conducted in the highlands of western Kenya, a region with high potential for agroforestry, with the objectives of assessing current biodiversity and aboveground C stocks in perennial vegetation growing on farmland, and estimating C sequestration potential in aboveground C pools. Allometric models were developed to estimate aboveground biomass of trees and hedgerows, and an inventory of perennial vegetation was conducted in 35 farms in Vihiga and Siaya districts. Values of the Shannon index ( H ), used to evaluate biodiversity, ranged from 0.01 in woodlots through 0.4\u20130.6 in food crop plots, to 1.3\u20131.6 in homegardens. Eucalyptus saligna was the most frequent tree species found as individual trees (20%), in windrows (47%), and in woodlots (99%) in Vihiga and the most frequent in woodlots (96%) in Siaya. Trees represented the most important C pool in aboveground biomass of perennial plants growing on-farm, contributing to 81 and 55% of total aboveground farm C in Vihiga and Siaya, respectively, followed by hedgerows (13 and 39%, respectively) and permanent crop stands (5 and 6%, respectively). Most of the tree C was located in woodlots in Vihiga (61%) and in individual trees growing in or around food crop plots in Siaya (57%). The homegardens represented the second C pool in importance, with 25 and 33% of C stocks in Vihiga and Siaya, respectively. Considering the mean total aboveground C stocks observed, and taking the average farm sizes of Vihiga (0.6\u00a0ha) and Siaya (1.4\u00a0ha), an average farm would store 6.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0farm \u22121 in Vihiga and 12.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0farm \u22121 in Siaya. At both sites, the C sequestration potential in perennial aboveground biomass was estimated at ca. 16\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 . With the current market price for carbon, the implementation of Clean Development Mechanism Afforestation/Reforestation (CDM A/R) projects seems unfeasible, due to the large number of small farms (between 140 and 300) necessary to achieve a critical land area able to compensate the concomitant minimum transaction costs. Higher financial compensation for C sequestration projects that encourage biodiversity would allow clearer win\u2013win scenarios for smallholder farmers. Thus, a better valuation of ecosystem services should encourage C sequestration together with on-farm biodiversity when promoting CDM A/R projects.", "keywords": ["550", "petite exploitation agricole", "DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE", "EXPLOITATION AGRICOLE", "01 natural sciences", "agroforestry", "eucalyptus saligna", "biodiversit\u00e9", "sistemas de explotaci\u00f3n", "STOCKAGE", "allocation", "soil fertility management", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "arbre", "AGROFORESTERIE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949", "trees", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "VILLAGE", "CARBONE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "agroforestry systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources fonci\u00e8res", "ecology", "agroforesteria", "UTILISATION DU SOL", "environment", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2683", "570", "BIOMETRIE", "productivity", "arboles", "REFORESTATION", "secuestro de carbono", "utilisation des terres", "ARBRE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7887", "farming systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "forests", "BIOMASSE", "BIODIVERSITE", "SYSTEME DE CULTURE", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "COMPOSITION FLORISTIQUE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7113"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2008.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110749", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-07-19", "title": "Contribution of aboveground and belowground biomass of Robinia pseudoacacia trees to total plant carbon stocks in a young agroforestry system", "description": "Allocation to aboveground and belowground compartments of tree biomass in Mediterranean agroforestry systems (AFS) is poorly documented, especially for young trees. This work aimed at (i) characterizing the effects of land use (Agroforestry, AF vs. Tree Plantation, TP) on 5-year-old black locust tree growth, tree biomass allocation, and tree C stocks at plot scale, and (ii) assessing the effect of land use on total carbon stocks (AF vs. TP vs. Crop Monoculture). Allometric equations were built for upscaling tree biomass at the plot scale. Biomass of understory vegetation and crops were estimated at the plot scale in the three land uses. Tree diameter was 19 % higher in the AF than in TP, likely due to different light microclimate, while tree height did not vary significantly between land uses. Tree biomass allocation to aboveground and belowground compartments (70 % and 30 % of total tree biomass, respectively) did not vary between land uses. Higher efficiency in building tree carbon stock was shown in agroforestry than in tree plantation per area unit. Trees accounted for 39 % and 66 % of total carbon stocks in biomass in AF and TP, respectively. Understory vegetation accounted for 8 % and 34 % of total carbon stocks in biomass in AF and TP, respectively. Land equivalent ratio values, which involved tree, crop and understory vegetation carbon stocks, did not yet indicate a synergetic effect on accumulation of plant carbon compared to sole crop or tree plantations. This study provides new reference values of carbon stocks in biomass in a young AFS.", "keywords": ["http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330982", "plant", "Triticum turgidum", "utilisation des terres", "syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers", "Biomass allocation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16111", "enracinement", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "biomasse", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "Agroforestry", "agroforesterie", "Black locust", "changement climatique", "Allometry", "biomasse souterraine", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_363a2055", "Robinia", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "croissance", "Roots", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "Carbon stocks", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3394", "Biomass production", "Robinia pseudoacacia", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6624", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6625", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7958", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6649", "France", "carbone"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110749"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20and%20Forest%20Meteorology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110749", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110749", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110749"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-18", "title": "Five Crop Seasons' Records Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes From Upland Fields With Repetitive Applications Of Biochar And Cattle Manure", "description": "The application of char to agricultural land is recognized as a potential way to sequester atmospheric carbon (C) assimilated by plants in soil, thus decelerating global warming. Such a process would also be expected to improve plant growth and the physical and chemical properties of soil. However, field investigations of the effects of continuous char application have not been reported. In the present study, the effects of repetitive bamboo char application on CO2, CH4, and N2O flux from soil, soil C content, and crop yield were investigated at two upland fields over five crop seasons. Three treatments: chemical fertilizer (CF) applied plots (Control plot); cattle manure (CM) (10\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)) and CF applied plot (CM plot); and bamboo char (20\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)), cattle manure (10\u00a0t\u00a0ha(-1)), and CF applied plot (Char/CM plot), were arranged in each field. After three crop seasons, the fourth treatment with char was applied without CF (Char plot) was given to one of the fields. CM and/or char were applied every crop season. Gas fluxes were measured using the static chamber method. Seasonal variations in CO2 flux and total CO2 emissions were consistently similar between the CM and Char/CM plots and between the Char and Control plots. As such, the decomposition rate of bamboo char was quite small, and the positive or negative effect of char on CM decomposition was not significant in the fields. Soil C analysis provided confirmation of this. CM application enhanced N2O emission mainly in the summer crop season. The differences in total N2O emission between the Char/CM and CM plots as well as between the Char and Control plots were insignificant in most cases. Total CH4 flux was negligibly small in all cases. Although the yield of winter crop (broccoli) in the Char/CM plots was twice observed to be higher than that in the Control and CM plots at one of the fields, in general, the char application had no effect on overall crop yield. Thus, the repeated application of bamboo char had no significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions and crop yields, but a high C accumulating function was found.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Air Pollutants", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Manure", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Japan", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Gases", "Seasons", "Fertilizers", "Methane", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Naoya Kanazaki, Akira Watanabe, Akira Shibata, Shuhei Makabe, Kosuke Ikeya, Yuki Sugiura,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:15:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-16", "title": "Managing Tephrosia Mulch And Fertilizer To Enhance Coffee Productivity On Smallholder Farms In The Eastern African Highlands", "description": "Abstract In Maraba, Southwest Rwanda, coffee productivity is constrained by poor soil fertility and lack of organic mulch. We investigated the potential to produce mulch by growing Tephrosia vogelii either intercropped with smallholder coffee or in arable fields outside the coffee, and the effect of the mulch on coffee yields over two years. Two accessions of T. vogelii (ex. Gisagara, Rwanda and ex. Kisumu, Kenya) were grown for six months both within and outside smallholder coffee fields in the first year. Experimental blocks were replicated across eight smallholder farms, only a single replicate per farm due to the small farm sizes. The accession from Rwanda (T. vogelii ex. Gisagara) grew more vigorously in all experiments. Soils within the coffee fields were more fertile those outside the coffee fields, presumably due to farmers\u2019 long-term management with mulch. Tephrosia grew less well in the fields outside coffee, producing only 0.6\u20130.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 of biomass and adding (in kg\u00a0ha\u22121) 19 N, 1 P and 6 K in the mulch. By contrast, Tephrosia intercropped with coffee, produced 1.4\u20131.9\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 of biomass and added (in kg\u00a0ha\u22121) 42\u201357 N, 3 P and 13\u201316 K in the mulch. Coffee yields were increased significantly by 400\u2013500\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 only in the treatments where Tephrosia was intercropped with coffee. Soil analysis and a missing-nutrient pot experiment showed that the poor growth of Tephrosia in the fields outside coffee was due to soil acidity (aluminium toxicity) combined with deficiencies of P, K and Ca. In the second year, the treatments in fields outside coffee were discontinued, and in the coffee intercrops, two Tephrosia accessions were grown in treatments with and without NPK fertilizer. Tephrosia grew well and produced between 2.5 and 3.8\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 biomass for the two accessions when interplanted within coffee fields, adding 103\u2013150\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121, 5\u20139\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha\u22121 and 24\u201338\u00a0kg\u00a0K\u00a0ha\u22121. Tephrosia mulch increased yields of coffee by 400\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121. Combined use of NPK\u00a0+\u00a0Tephrosia mulch increased Tephrosia biomass production and in turn yielded an additional 300\u2013700\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 of coffee. Over the two years, this was equivalent to a 23\u201336% increase in coffee yield using Tephrosia intercropping alone and a further 25\u201342% increase in coffee yield when NPK fertilizer was also added. Agronomic efficiency (AE) of nutrients added were 30% greater when the Tephrosia mulch was grown in situ and the two cultivars of Tephrosia did not differ in AE. The AE of Tephrosia mulch was 87% that of NPK fertilizer, reflecting the rapid mineralization of Tephrosia mulch. There was a synergistic effect of Tephrosia mulch on the efficiency with which NPK fertilizer was used by coffee. The increase in coffee yields was positively related to the amount of nutrients added in the Tephrosia biomass. Tephrosia intercropping required 30 man-days\u00a0ha\u22121 less than current farmer management due to reduced labour required for weeding, and benefit\u2013cost ratios ranged between 3.4 and 5.5. The Tephrosia-coffee intercropping system offers great potential for agroecological intensification for smallholder farmers in the East African highlands.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "variability", "tephrosia", "coffee", "nitrogen release", "western kenya", "resource-allocation", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "smallholder farmer", "15. Life on land", "improved fallows", "bukoba district", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "intercropping", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2013.02.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-10-27", "title": "Carbon Dynamics Of A Ponderosa Pine Plantation Following A Thinning Treatment In The Northern Sierra Nevada", "description": "We investigated the impacts of a thinning prescription commonly used to reduce fuel loads in mature ponderosa pine forests of the northern Sierra Nevada Mountains on the distribution of carbon among functionally distinct pools, and on the component fluxes of net ecosystem production (NEP). The biomass of wood, foliage, and roots was highest in the unthinned control stands, lowest in stands measured 3 years after thinning, and intermediate in the stands measured 16 years following the same prescription. While total wood net primary production (NPP) followed the same pattern as biomass across treatments, an apparent doubling of shrub foliage NPP in the 3 years following overstory thinning reduced the impacts of thinning on total foliage NPP. Similarly, reductions in coarse root NPP associated with tree removal were largely offset by increases in fine root production. Compensatory NPP by shrubs and fine roots increased the light use efficiency of thinned stands 60% over that of unthinned plots. Both soil respiration and the decomposition of aboveground dead wood appeared conserved across all treatments. Results suggest that when modeling the influence fuel reduction treatments on regional carbon dynamics, it may be necessary to consider the compensatory responses of understory vegetation as such shifts in growth form can effect meaningful changes in the capture and allocation of carbon in the ecosystem.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "thinning; carbon allocation; net primary production", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/691284/1/Campbell_et_al_2009.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120355", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Do mycorrhizal symbionts drive latitudinal trends in photosynthetic carbon use efficiency and carbon sequestration in boreal forests?", "description": "There is evidence that carbon fluxes and stocks decrease with increasing latitude in boreal forests, suggesting a reduction in carbon use efficiency. While vegetation and soil carbon dynamics have been widely studied, the empirical finding that ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) become more abundant towards the north has not been quantitatively linked to carbon use efficiency. We formulated a conceptual model of combined fine-root and ECM carbon use efficiency (CUE) as NPP/GPP (net primary production/gross primary production). For this, we included the mycorrhiza as gains in plant NPP but considered the extramatrical hyphae as well as exudates as losses. We quantified the carbon processes across a latitudinal gradient using published eco-physiological and morphological measurements from boreal coniferous forests. In parallel, we developed two CUE models using large-scale empirical measurements amended with established models. All models predicted similar latitudinal trends in vegetation CUE and net ecosystem production (NEP). CUE in the ECM model declined on average by 0.1 from latitude 60 to 70 with overall mean 0.390 +/- 0.037. NEP declined by 200 g m(-2) yr(-1) with mean 171 +/- 79.4 g m(-2) yr(-)(1). ECM had no significant effect on predicted soil carbon. Our findings suggest that ECM can use a significant proportion of the carbon assimilated by vegetation and hence be an important driver of the decline in CUE at higher latitudes. Our model suggests the quantitative contribution of ECM to soil carbon to be less important but any possible implications through litter quality remain to be assessed. The approach provides a simple proxy of ECM processes for regional C budget models and estimates.", "keywords": ["Soil C balance", "570", "550", "Forest Science", "hiilen kierto", "Carbon residence time", "Carbon use efficiency", "Forestry", "Carbon allocation", "hiilensidonta", "15. Life on land", "ta4112", "13. Climate action", "maaper\u00e4geologia", "Net ecosystem production", "Soil C:N ratio", "Mycorrhiza", "Model"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/31150/1/makela-a-et-al-20230622.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120355"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120355", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120355", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120355"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-11-08", "title": "Impact Of Forestland Allocation On Land Use In A Mountainous Province Of Vietnam", "description": "Abstract In the early 1990s following the decollectivization of agriculture, the Vietnamese government distributed forest land-use rights to individual households. The new forestland policy had three related objectives: (i) the introduction of a sedentary livelihood system for those populations who had traditionally relied on shifting cultivation and regular migration; (ii) the development of the village economy through tree plantations; and (iii) the protection of forest resources. In this paper, we discuss the changes in land use that resulted from the new forestland policy and the effectiveness of the policy in achieving each of its three objectives.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "mountain agriculture", "[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology", "Bac Kan", "[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography", "1. No poverty", "land policy", "15. Life on land", "forestland allocation", "Vietnam", "natural resource management", "livelihood systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Use%20Policy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.07.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-04-19", "title": "The value of manure - Manure as co-product in life cycle assessment", "description": "Livestock production is important for food security, nutrition, and landscape maintenance, but it is associated with several environmental impacts. To assess the risk and benefits arising from livestock production, transparent and robust indicators are required, such as those offered by life cycle assessment. A central question in such approaches is how environmental burden is allocated to livestock products and to manure that is re-used for agricultural production. To incentivize sustainable use of manure, it should be considered as a co-product as long as it is not disposed of, or wasted, or applied in excess of crop nutrient needs, in which case it should be treated as a waste. This paper proposes a theoretical approach to define nutrient requirements based on nutrient response curves to economic and physical optima and a pragmatic approach based on crop nutrient yield adjusted for nutrient losses to atmosphere and water. Allocation of environmental burden to manure and other livestock products is then based on the nutrient value from manure for crop production using the price of fertilizer nutrients. We illustrate and discuss the proposed method with two case studies.", "keywords": ["[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "assessment", "resource", "01 natural sciences", "630", "nitrogen", "Fertilizer", "allocation", "life cycle", "manures", "Feeds and feeding. Animal nutrition", "farmyard manure", "Housing and environmental control", "2. Zero hunger", "ta412", "Agriculture and the environment", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilizer", "Crop Production", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Livestock supply chains", "green manures", "Fertilisers", "performance", "energy", "Livestock", "330", "fertilizers", "Allocation", "ta1172", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "333", "Article", "soil", "12. Responsible consumption", "nutrient use", "Life cycle assessment", "life cycle assessment", "livestock supply chains", "nutrients", "Animals", "livestock production", "alocation", "Fertilizers", "Rangelands. Range management. Grazing", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "carbon", "use efficiency", "food security", "Nutrients", "15. Life on land", "livestock", "Manure", "13. Climate action", "manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "protein"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-02", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co2, Cutting Frequency, And Differential Day/Night Atmospheric Warming On Root Growth And Turnover Of Phalaris Swards", "description": "Abstract

We investigated seasonal root production and root turnover of fertilized and well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered monocultures of Phalaris for 2 years using minirhizotrons installed in six newly designed temperature gradient tunnels, combined with sequential soil coring. Elevated atmospheric CO2 treatments were combined with two cutting frequencies and three warming scenarios: no warming, +3.0/+3.0 and +2.2/+4.0\uffc2\uffb0C (day/night) atmospheric warming. The elevated CO2 treatment increased both new and net root length production primarily when combined with atmospheric warming, where the constant warming treatment had a greater positive effect than the increased night\uffe2\uff80\uff90time warming treatment. Responses to elevated CO2 were greater when the swards were cut more frequently and responsiveness varied with season. For Phalaris swards, 17% of total net primary productivity went belowground. On account of root turnover, only one\uffe2\uff80\uff90third of the new roots produced in the year following establishment could be expected, on average, to be recovered from soil cores. The interaction between the effects of CO2 and warming, combined with the differential effects of the two warming treatments, has important implications for modelling belowground responses to projected climate change.

", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "net primary production", "Minirhizotron", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon dioxide enrichment", "fine root", "01 natural sciences", "Root turnover", "Keywords: belowground production", "climate change", "Defoliation", "13. Climate action", "Phalaris Biomass allocation", "Night-time warming", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Fine roots", "biomass allocation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/54642/5/Volder_Gifford_Evans_-_Elevated_atmospheric_CO2_Phalaris.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/54642/7/01_Volder_Effects_of_elevated_2007.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41467-019-08348-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-14", "title": "Decadal biomass increment in early secondary succession woody ecosystems is increased by CO2 enrichment", "description": "Abstract

Increasing atmospheric CO2 stimulates photosynthesis which can increase net primary production (NPP), but at longer timescales may not necessarily increase plant biomass. Here we analyse the four decade-long CO2-enrichment experiments in woody ecosystems that measured total NPP and biomass. CO2 enrichment increased biomass increment by 1.05\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.26\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89C\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 over a full decade, a 29.1\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff8911.7% stimulation of biomass gain in these early-secondary-succession temperate ecosystems. This response is predictable by combining the CO2 response of NPP (0.16\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.03\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89C\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff89y\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and the CO2-independent, linear slope between biomass increment and cumulative NPP (0.55\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff890.17). An ensemble of terrestrial ecosystem models fail to predict both terms correctly. Allocation to wood was a driver of across-site, and across-model, response variability and together with CO2-independence of biomass retention highlights the value of understanding drivers of wood allocation under ambient conditions to\uffc2\uffa0correctly interpret\uffc2\uffa0and predict CO2 responses.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "TREE MORTALITY", "550", "Climate", "Plant Biology", "Biochemistry", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "atmospheric carbon dioxide", "ddc:550", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Ecology", "Q", "FOREST PRODUCTIVITY", "Forestry", "Biological Sciences", "woody", "decadal biomass", "Wood", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "GROWTH", "ecosystems", "CARBON ALLOCATION", "570", "Science", "Biophysics", "333", "SWEETGUM PLANTATION", "Article", "03 medical and health sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "forest ecology", "plant biomass", "Biochemistry", " Biophysics", " and Structural Biology", "Ecosystem", "photosynthesis", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "NITROGEN", "CLIMATE", "13. Climate action", "and Structural Biology", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "ELEVATED CO2", "SOIL CARBON", "RESPONSES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-08348-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://arrow.tudublin.ie/context/scschbioart/article/1214/viewcontent/nature.pdf"}, {"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5m5806sh/qt5m5806sh.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08348-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41467-019-08348-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41467-019-08348-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41467-019-08348-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-12-11", "title": "Decomposer diversity increases biomass production and shifts aboveground-belowground biomass allocation of common wheat", "description": "Abstract

Biodiversity is well known to enhance many ecosystem functions, but empirical evidence for the role of soil biodiversity for plant biomass production and allocation is scarce. Here we studied the effects of animal decomposer diversity (1, 2, and 4 species as well as a control without any decomposers) on the biomass production and aboveground-belowground biomass allocation of common wheat using two earthworm and two Collembola species using an additive design in two soil management types (organic and mineral fertilizer treatments) in a microcosm experiment. Shoot (+11%), spike (+7%), and root biomass (+56%), increased significantly with increasing decomposer diversity, and these effects were consistent across the two soil management types. Notably, decomposer diversity effects were stronger on root than on shoot biomass, significantly decreasing the shoot-to-root ratio (\uffe2\uff88\uff9227%). Increased plant biomass production was positively correlated with a decomposer richness-induced increase in soil water nitrate concentrations five weeks after the start of the experiment. However, elevated soil nitrate concentrations did not cause significantly higher plant tissue nitrogen concentrations and nitrogen amounts, suggesting that additional mechanisms might be at play. Consistent decomposer diversity effects across soil management types indicate that maintaining soil biodiversity is a robust and sustainable strategy to enhance crop yield.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Nitrogen", "Water", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "Resource Allocation", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Animals", "Biomass", "Oligochaeta", "Ecosystem", "Plant Shoots", "Triticum"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-36294-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:17:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Increased Growth In Elevated [Co2]: An Early, Short-Term Response?", "description": "Summary

Saplings of four clones of Sitka spruce and cherry were grown for three and two growing seasons, respectively, in open top chambers at two CO2 concentrations (\uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83350 and \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83700\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcmol\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff80\uff931) to determine whether the increase in total biomass brought about by enhanced [CO2] is a result of a transient or persistent effect in nonlimiting conditions. Classical growth analysis was applied to both species and mean current relative growth rate of total dry mass (RT) and leaf dry mass (RL), and period relative growth rate of total dry mass ( ) and leaf dry mass ( ) were calculated. Sitka spruce saplings and cherry seedlings showed a positive growth response to elevated [CO2], and at the end of the experiments both species were \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff8340% larger in elevated [CO2] than in ambient [CO2]. As a result, the period mean and were significantly higher in elevated [CO2]. The differences in plant dry mass at the end of the experiments were a consequence of the more rapid growth in the early phase of exposure to elevated [CO2]. After this initial phase mean RT and RL were similar or even lower in elevated [CO2] than in ambient [CO2]. NAR of both species was much higher in elevated [CO2], whereas both LAR, SLA, and LMR showed the opposite trend. The higher LAR and SLA of plants in ambient [CO2] contributed to a compensation by which they maintained RT similar to that of elevated [CO2] saplings despite lower NAR and photosynthetic rate. However, when the same size the trees were similar amongst the [CO2] treatments, indicating that one of the main effect of elevated [CO2] on tree growth is to speed\uffe2\uff80\uff90up early development in all aspects.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Relative growth rate", "Tree growth", "Ontogeny", "Cherry", "Sitka spruce", "Dry mass allocation", "Growth analysis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[object Object"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Centritto M, Lee HSJ, Jarvis PG,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-01", "title": "Unveiling the hidden interaction between thermophiles and plant crops: wheat and soil thermophilic bacteria", "description": "The effect of a soil thermophilic bacteria (STB), Ureibacillus sp. 18UE/10 on the status of wheat plants was evaluated. A greenhouse assay was performed, mimicking scenarios of soil impoverishment and aridity, which included Rhizophagus irregularis, a crop enhancer AMF, for effect comparison. Treatments with strain 18, R. irregularis or both had no significant effect on biomass production, however affected plant physiology. A different partition in biomass, nitrogen and carbon content were observed, resulting in a decreased C/N ratio. Elemental analysis showed an increase in N and P content in shoots, and for treatments containing STB a decrease in the content of several toxic metals. Strain 18 had a distinct \u03b413C isotopic signature translating an increased stomatal conductance. ATR-IR spectroscopy revealed that root exudate influenced STB cell wall structure and increased the bacterial survival rate at 25\u00b0C. These findings show that STB can interact with a plant partner under rhizospheric conditions.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "plant-stb interaction", "stb effect on plant metal toxicity", "Plant culture", "QK900-989", "Plant ecology", "soil thermophilic bacteria (stb)", "stb effect on plant n", " c and p allocation", "SB1-1110"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Interactions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/22.7.435", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Responses Of Deciduous Broadleaf Trees To Defoliation In A Co2 Enriched Atmosphere", "description": "Relatively little is known about the implications of atmospheric CO2 enrichment for tree responses to biotic disturbances such as folivory. We examined the combined effects of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and defoliation on growth and physiology of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Seedlings were planted in the ground in eight open-top chambers. Four chambers were ventilated with CO2-enriched air (ambient + 283 micromol mol-1) and four chambers were supplied with ambient air. After 6 weeks of growth, half of the leaf area was removed on a subset of seedlings of each species in each CO2 treatment. We monitored subsequent biomass gain and allocation, along with leaf gas exchange and chemistry. Defoliation did not significantly affect final seedling biomass in either species or CO2 treatment. Growth recovery following defoliation was associated with increased allocation to leaf mass in maple and a slight enhancement of mean photosynthesis in aspen. Elevated [CO2] did not significantly affect aspen growth, and the observed stimulation of maple growth was significant only in mid-season. Correspondingly, simulated responses of whole-tree photosynthesis to elevated [CO2] were constrained by a decrease in photosynthetic capacity in maple, and were partially offset by reductions in specific leaf area and biomass allocation to foliage in aspen. There was a significant interaction between [CO2] and defoliation on only a few of the measured traits. Thus, the data do not support the hypothesis that atmospheric CO2 enrichment will substantially alter tree responses to folivory. However, our findings do provide further indication that regeneration-stage growth rates of certain temperate tree species may respond only moderately to a near doubling of atmospheric [CO2].", "keywords": ["defoliation-", "0106 biological sciences", "Ecophysiology", "Quaking aspen", "biomass-allocation", "growth-response", "Growth", "Environmental-Sciences)", "01 natural sciences", "plant-composition", "Trees", "biomass-", "Spermatophyta-", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "plant-physiology", "defoliation", "Angiospermae-", "leaf-area", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "seedling-growth", "source-sink-relations", "Populus-tremuloides", "gas-exchange", "Populus", "broadleaves-", "deciduous-tree", "forest-trees", "atmosphere-", "trees-", "biomass-production", "Acer saccharum", "Nitrogen", "Carbohydrates", "Acer", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "photosynthesis-", "growth-", "species-differences", "seedlings-", "wisconsin-", "Populus tremuloides", "photosynthesis", "Climatic changes", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Leaves", "leaves-", "Aceraceae-: Dicotyledones-", "Carbon dioxide", "Sugar maple", "Seedlings", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "Acer-saccharum"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Volin, John C., Kruger, Eric L., Lindroth, Richard L.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/22.7.435"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/22.7.435", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/22.7.435", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/22.7.435"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpad135", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-09", "title": "Carbon dynamics in long-term starving poplar trees\u2014the importance of older carbohydrates and a shift to lipids during survival", "description": "Abstract

Carbon (C) assimilation can be severely impaired during periods of environmental stress, like drought or defoliation, making trees heavily dependent on the use of C reserve pools for survival; yet, the dynamics of reserve use during periods of reduced C supply are still poorly understood. We used stem girdling in mature poplar trees (Populus tremula L. hybrids), a lipid-storing species, to permanently interrupt the phloem C transport and induced C shortage in the isolated stem section below the girdle and monitored metabolic activity during three campaigns in the growing seasons of 2018, 2019 and 2021. We measured respiratory fluxes (CO2 and O2), non-structural carbon concentration, the respiratory substrate (based on isotopic analysis and CO2/O2 ratio) and the age of the respiratory substrate (based on radiocarbon analysis). Our study shows that poplar trees can survive long periods of reduced C supply from the canopy by switching in metabolism from recent carbohydrates to older storage pools with a potential mixture of respiratory substrates, including lipids. This mechanism of stress resilience can explain why tree decline may take many years before death occurs.

Drought periods are projected to become more severe and more frequent in many European regions. While effects of single strong droughts on plant and microbial carbon (C) dynamics have been studied in some detail, impacts of recurrent drought events are still little understood.

We tested whether the legacy of extreme experimental drought affects responses of plant and microbial C and nitrogen (N) turnover to further drought and rewetting. In a mountain grassland, we conducted a 13C pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff90chase experiment during a naturally occurring drought and rewetting event in plots previously exposed to experimental droughts and in ambient controls (AC). After labelling, we traced 13C below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground allocation and incorporation into soil microbes using phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers.

Drought history (DH) had no effects on the standing shoot and fine root plant biomass. However, plants with experimental DH displayed decreased shoot N concentrations and increased fine root N concentrations relative to those in AC. During the natural drought, plants with DH assimilated and allocated less 13C below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground; moreover, fine root respiration was reduced and not fuelled by fresh C compared to plants in AC.

Regardless of DH, microbial biomass remained stable during natural drought and rewetting. Although microbial communities initially differed in their composition between soils with and without DH, they responded to the natural drought and rewetting in a similar way: gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria increased, while fungal and gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative bacteria remained stable. In soils with DH, a strongly reduced uptake of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived 13C in microbial biomarkers was observed during the natural drought, pointing to a smaller fraction of active microbes or to a microbial community that is less dependent on plant C.

Synthesis. Drought history can induce changes in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 vs. below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground plant N concentrations and affect the response of plant C turnover to further droughts and rewetting by decreasing plant C uptake and below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground allocation. DH does not affect the responses of the microbial community to further droughts and rewetting, but alters microbial functioning, particularly the turnover of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived carbon, during and after further drought periods.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "plant-soil (below-ground) interactions", "NITROGEN TURNOVER", "Biomass Allocation", "microbial community composition", "Negibacteria", "drought", "phospholipid fatty acid", "nitrogen", "Microbial community composition", "Plant\u2013Soil (Below\u2010ground) Interactions", "Recovery", "ROOT RESPIRATION", "Plant-soil (below-ground) interactions", "CLIMATE EXTREMES", "C pulse labelling", "Below-ground carbon allocation", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "SOIL INTERACTIONS", "below-ground carbon allocation", "C-13 pulse labelling", "Grassland", "6. Clean water", "Europe", "Phospholipid", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Mountain Region", "Posibacteria", "DIOXIDE PULSES", "Phospholipid fatty acid", "106022 Microbiology", "Root/shoot Ratio", "Belowground Biomass", "Ecosystem Resilience", "Nitrogen", "Microbial Community", "Carbon Isotope", "Soil-vegetation Interaction", "recovery", "SUMMER DROUGHT", "03 medical and health sciences", "Rewetting", "Community Composition", "plant\u2013soil (below-ground) interactions", "WATER-STRESS", "resilience", "Drought", "Resilience", "RESILIENCE", "15. Life on land", "Turnover", "Microbial Activity", "13. Climate action", "Fatty Acid", "RESPONSES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12593"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2745.12593", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2745.12593", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2745.12593"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-05-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1365-2745.14136", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:18:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-08", "title": "Drought intensity alters productivity, carbon allocation and plant nitrogen uptake in fast versus slow grassland communities", "description": "Abstract

Grasslands face more frequent and extreme droughts; yet, their responses to increasing drought intensity are poorly understood. Increasing drought intensity likely triggers abrupt shifts (thresholds) in grassland ecosystem functioning which can implicate recovery trajectories.

Here, we determined how drought intensity affects plant productivity, and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. We exposed model grassland plant communities with contrasting resource acquisition strategies (a fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90 vs a slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy plant community), to a gradient of drought intensity. The drought gradient ranged from well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered to severely water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited conditions. We identified thresholds of plant community productivity (above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass) at peak drought and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89months after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, and measured net ecosystem exchange and ecosystem respiration of C\uffc2\uffa0throughout the drought and recovery phases. At peak drought and 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89week after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, we traced recently acquired C from plants to the soil and into microbial biomass and fatty acids using 13C pulse labelling, and measured plant and soil N.

At peak drought, slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy plant communities were more drought resistant than fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy communities, as the threshold in plant productivity occurred at a higher drought intensity for the slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community. Shortly after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, microbial uptake of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilated C increased with increasing past drought intensity, coinciding with an increase in soil N availability and leaf N. Threshold responses to drought intensity at peak drought translated into non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear recovery responses, with greater compensatory growth in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community. At peak drought, increasing drought intensity reduced C uptake and increased relative C partitioning to leaves and microbial biomass. Upon re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, plant community strategy mediated drought intensity effects on plant and soil C and N dynamics and plant recovery trajectories. The fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community recovered quickly, with higher leaf N than the slow community, while the slow community increased C allocation to microbial biomass.

Synthesis. Our findings highlight that C and N dynamics in the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil system display non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear responses to increasing drought intensity both during and after drought, which has implications for plant community recovery trajectories.

In most natural ecosystems a significant portion of carbon fixed through photosynthesis is allocated to the production and maintenance of fine roots, the ephemeral portion of the root system that absorbs growth\uffe2\uff80\uff90limiting moisture and nutrients. In turn, senescence of fine roots can be the greatest source of C input to forest soils. Consequently, important questions in ecology entail the extent to which increasing atmospheric CO2may alter the allocation of carbon to, and demography of, fine roots. Using microvideo and image analysis technology, we demonstrate that elevated atmospheric CO2increases the rates of both fine root production and mortality. Rates of root mortality also increased substantially as soil nitrogen availability increased, regardless of CO2concentration. Nitrogen greatly influenced the proportional allocation of carbon to leaves vs. fine roots. The amount of available nitrogen in the soil appears to be the most important factor regulating fine root demography inPopulustrees.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Atmospheric CO 2", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "Turnover", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon Allocation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03025.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-16", "title": "Effect Of Straw Return On Soil Respiration And Nee Of Paddy Fields Under Water-Saving Irrigation", "description": "Open Access\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634 (SR) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 (WSI) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 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\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632.", "keywords": ["Agricultural Irrigation", "Ecosystem respiration", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Soil water", "Paddy field", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Primary production", "Ecology", "Respiration", "Q", "R", "Life Sciences", "Soil respiration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil carbon", "Crop Production", "6. Clean water", "Physical Sciences", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Research Article", "Science", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "12. Responsible consumption", "Greenhouse Gases", "Fertilizers", "Irrigation", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecosystem", "Soil science", "Conservation of Water Resources", "Soil Fertility", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "Botany", "Water", "Oryza", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204597"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0204597", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0204597"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.12569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-31", "title": "Experimental Drought Reduces The Transfer Of Recently Fixed Plant Carbon To Soil Microbes And Alters The Bacterial Community Composition In A Mountain Meadow", "description": "Summary

Drought affects plants and soil microorganisms, but it is still not clear how it alters the carbon (C) transfer at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbial interface. Here, we tested direct and indirect effects of drought on soil microbes and microbial turnover of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C in a mountain meadow.

Microbial community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs); the allocation of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C to microbial groups was analysed by pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelling of canopy sections with 13CO2 and the subsequent tracing of the label into microbial PLFAs.

Microbial biomass was significantly higher in plots exposed to a severe experimental drought. In addition, drought induced a shift of the microbial community composition, mainly driven by an increase of Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria. Drought reduced belowground C allocation, but not the transfer of recently plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilated C to fungi, and in particular reduced tracer uptake by bacteria. This was accompanied by an increase of 13C in the extractable organic C pool during drought, which was even more pronounced after plots were mown.

We conclude that drought weakened the link between plant and bacterial, but not fungal, C turnover, and facilitated the growth of potentially slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing, drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90adapted soil microbes, such as Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive bacteria.

", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Mowing", "Mountain grassland", "Carbon Cycle", "Microbial community composition", "Soil", "Biomass", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Carbon Isotopes", "Drought", "Research", "Microbiota", "Water", "Carbon allocation", "Microclimate", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "C pulse-labelling", "13. Climate action", "Austria", "Phospholipid fatty acids", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.12569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.12569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.12569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2527/2004.8261839x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-09", "description": "The effects of alpha-cyclodextrin-horseradish oil complex (CD-HR) on methane production and ruminal fermentation were studied in vitro and in steers. In the in vitro study, diluted ruminal fluid (30 mL) was incubated anaerobically at 38 degrees C for 6 h with or without CD-HR, using cornstarch as substrate. The CD-HR was added at various concentrations (0, 0.17, 0.85 and 1.7 g/L). Treatment affected neither the pH of the medium nor the number of protozoa. Total VFA increased in a linear manner (P = 0.02), and NH3-N decreased quadratically (P = 0.04) as the concentration of CD-HR increased from 0.17 g/L to 1.7 g/L. Molar proportions of acetate decreased in a linear manner (P = 0.03), and propionate increased linearly (P = 0.008) with increasing concentrations of CD-HR. Production of methane was inhibited up to 90%, whereas accumulation of dihydrogen was increased 36-fold by 1.7 g/L of CD-HR supplementation relative to controls. The effect of CD-HR on methane production, ruminal fermentation and microbes, and digestibility was further investigated in vivo using four Holstein steers in a crossover design. The CD-HR supplement was mixed into the concentrate portion of a (1.5:1) Sudangrass hay plus concentrate mixture that was fed twice daily to the steers. Ruminal samples were collected 0, 2, and 5 h after the morning feeding. No effects of CD-HR supplementation on ruminal pH (P = 0.63) or protozoal numbers (P = 0.44) were observed. Molar proportion of acetate was decreased (P = 0.04) and propionate was increased (P = 0.005) by CD-HR treatment. Molar proportion of butyrate was increased (P = 0.05) in CD-HR-supplemented steers. Ruminal NH3-N was decreased (P = 0.05) by treatment. Blood plasma glucose concentration was increased (P = 0.02) and urea-N was decreased (P = 0.04) with CD-HR supplementation. Daily DMI was decreased (P = 0.04), and apparent digestibility of DM (P = 0.13), NDF (P = 0.14), and CP tended (P = 0.14) to be increased by treatment. Methane production was decreased (P = 0.03) by 19%, and the number of methanogens was also decreased (P = 0.03). Although N retention (P = 0.11), total viable bacteria (P = 0.15), and sulfate-reducing bacteria (P = 0.17) were not significantly altered by treatment, tendencies for increases were noted with CD-HR supplementation. The number of cellulolytic (P = 0.38) and acetogenic bacteria (P = 0.32) remained unchanged by treatment. These results indicate that CD-HR supplementation can be used to decrease methane production in steers.", "keywords": ["Male", "Cyclodextrins", "Wasabia", "Cross-Over Studies", "Rumen", "Dose-Response Relationship", " Drug", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Eukaryota", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "In Vitro Techniques", "Fatty Acids", " Volatile", "6. Clean water", "Bacteria", " Anaerobic", "Random Allocation", "Fermentation", "Animals", "Plant Oils", "Cattle", "Digestion", "Energy Intake", "Methane"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Z. A. Lila, N. Ajisaka, K. Hara, Koji Hara, Nazimuddin Mohammed, S. Kanda, K. Mikuni, H. Itabashi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.8261839x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Animal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2527/2004.8261839x", "name": "item", "description": "10.2527/2004.8261839x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2527/2004.8261839x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/07-1601.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-08-06", "title": "Habitat Type Determines Herbivory Controls Over Co2 Fluxes In A Warmer Arctic", "description": "High-latitude ecosystems store large amounts of carbon (C); however, the C storage of these ecosystems is under threat from both climate warming and increased levels of herbivory. In this study we examined the combined role of herbivores and climate warming as drivers of CO2 fluxes in two typical high-latitude habitats (mesic heath and wet meadow). We hypothesized that both herbivory and climate warming would reduce the C sink strength of Arctic tundra through their combined effects on plant biomass and gross ecosystem photosynthesis and on decomposition rates and the abiotic environment. To test this hypothesis we employed experimental warming (via International Tundra Experiment [ITEX] chambers) and grazing (via captive Barnacle Geese) in a three-year factorial field experiment. Ecosystem CO2 fluxes (net ecosystem exchange of CO2, ecosystem respiration, and gross ecosystem photosynthesis) were measured in all treatments at varying intensity over the three growing seasons to capture the impact of the treatments on a range of temporal scales (diurnal, seasonal, and interannual). Grazing and warming treatments had markedly different effects on CO2 fluxes in the two tundra habitats. Grazing caused a strong reduction in CO2 assimilation in the wet meadow, while warming reduced CO2 efflux from the mesic heath. Treatment effects on net ecosystem exchange largely derived from the modification of gross ecosystem photosynthesis rather than ecosystem respiration. In this study we have demonstrated that on the habitat scale, grazing by geese is a strong driver of net ecosystem exchange of CO2, with the potential to reduce the CO2 sink strength of Arctic ecosystems. Our results highlight that the large reduction in plant biomass due to goose grazing in the Arctic noted in several studies can alter the C balance of wet tundra ecosystems. We conclude that herbivory will modulate direct climate warming responses of Arctic tundra with implications for the ecosystem C balance; however, the magnitude and direction of the response will be habitat-specific.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "0106 biological sciences", "Barnacle Goose", "herbivory", "Arctic Regions", "Temperature", "Branta leucopsis", "Feeding Behavior", "Carbon Dioxide", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Random Allocation", "Arctic", "climate change", "vegetation", "13. Climate action", "Geese", "Animals", "carbon fluxes", "Ecosystem"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sjogersten, Sofie, Van der Wal, Rene, Woodin, Sarah J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1601.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/07-1601.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/07-1601.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/07-1601.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/14-0295.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:19:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-12", "title": "Response Of N Cycling To Nutrient Inputs In Forest Soils Across A 1000-3000 M Elevation Gradient In The Ecuadorian Andes", "description": "

Large areas in the tropics receive elevated atmospheric nutrient inputs. Presently, little is known on how nitrogen (N) cycling in tropical montane forest soils will respond to such increased nutrient inputs. We assessed how gross rates of mineral N production (N mineralization and nitrification) and microbial N retention (NH4+ and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 immobilization and dissimilatory NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 reduction to NH4+ [DNRA]) change with elevated N and phosphorus (P) inputs in montane forest soils at 1000\uffe2\uff80\uff90, 2000\uffe2\uff80\uff90, and 3000\uffe2\uff80\uff90m elevations in south Ecuador. At each elevation, four replicate plots (20 \uffc3\uff97 20 m each) of control, N (added at 50 kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), P (added at 10 kg P\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and combined N + P additions have been established since 2008. We measured gross N cycling rates in 2010 and 2011, using 15N pool dilution techniques with in situ incubation of intact soil cores taken from the top 5 cm of soil. In control plots, gross soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90N cycling rates decreased with increase in elevation, and microbial N retention was tightly coupled with mineral N production. At 1000 m and 2000 m, four\uffe2\uff80\uff90year N and combined N + P additions increased gross mineral N production but decreased NH4+ and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 immobilization and DNRA compared to the control. At 3000 m, four\uffe2\uff80\uff90year N and combined N + P additions increased gross N mineralization rates and decreased DNRA compared to the control; although NH4+ and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 immobilization in the N and N + P plots were not different from the control, these were lower than their respective mineral N production. At all elevations, decreased microbial N retention was accompanied by decreased microbial biomass C and C:N ratio. P addition did not affect any of the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90N cycling processes. Our results signified that four years of N addition, at a rate expected to occur at these sites, uncoupled the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90N cycling processes, as indicated by decreased microbial N retention. This fast response of soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90N cycling processes across elevations implies that greater attention should be paid to the biological implications on montane forests of such uncoupled soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90N cycling.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Altitude", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Forests", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium; gross N mineralization; gross nitrification; microbial N immobilization;nitrogen and phosphorus additions; nutrient manipulation experiment; tropical Andes ;tropical montane forests", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecuador", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0295.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/14-0295.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/14-0295.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/14-0295.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw23", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:25Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-06-13", "title": "Data from: Patterns and drivers of atmospheric nitrogen deposition retention in global forests", "description": "unspecified# Patterns and drivers of atmospheric nitrogen deposition retention in global forests We searched the Web of Science Database for peer-reviewed papers prior to February 22, 2023, using \u201cretention\u201d and \u201cN-15\u201d as the keywords. The following criteria were applied to filter the peer-reviewed papers: (1) Selection of 15N tracer experiments in forest ecosystems conducted in the field, excluding laboratory incubation or greenhouse experiments; (2) Selection of the absolute value of 15N retention obtained from the 15N tracer experiment, excluding the relative value; (3) Selection of 15N tracer experiments including N addition treatments, excluding other treatments such as fire, phosphorus (P) addition, potassium addition, etc. Due to limited data on litter layers and understory vegetation components (i.e., shrubs, herbs, and grasses), the 15N retention of litter layers was combined into organic soil 15N retention. Within the entire forest ecosystem, the 15N retention of understory vegetation was not consider, focusing instead on the 15N allocation among different plant organs (i.e., leaves, branches, stems, roots). Ultimately, 408 observations were obtained from 56 peer-reviewed papers, totaling 62 sites and 92 site-years. The study sites were distributed across North America (25 sites), Europe (14 sites), Asia (14 sites), South America (3 sites), Oceania (4 sites), and Africa (2 sites), covering tropical forests (5 sites), subtropical forests (10 sites), temperate forests (42 sites), and boreal forests (5 sites). Raw data for 15N retention of different ecosystem compartments were obtained from tables, figures, results, or supplementary information in the peer-reviewed papers. When data were presented in figures, specific values were extracted using Getdata software 2.22 (GetData, Kogarah, NSW, AUS). Note: N_retention_data_v2 is based on N_retention_data_v1, with the addition of raw data. 'XX' in the 'forest_type' and '15N_tracer_type' sheets represents the 15N retention in different ecosystem compartments (i.e., plant, leaf, branch, stem, root, soil, organic soil, mineral soil, and total ecosystem).\u00a0'XX_n' in the 'forest_type' and '15N_tracer_type' sheets represents the sample size of 'XX'.\u00a0'XX_mean' in the 'forest_type' and '15N_tracer_type' sheets represents the mean value of 'XX'.\u00a0'XX_se' in the 'forest_type' and '15N_tracer_type' sheet represents the standard error of the mean value of 'XX'. 'NA' in the 'raw_data' sheet represents unavailable observed data. 'MAT_CRU' and 'MAP_CRU' columns of the 'raw_data' sheet indicate that the missing values in the references are extracted from the CRU.", "keywords": ["ammonium", "nitrogen retention", "15N tracer", "plant organs", "nitrate", "nitrogen allocation", "Forest", "FOS: Natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lin, Quanhong, Zhu, Jianxing, Wang, Qiufeng, Zhang, Qiongyu, Yu, Guirui,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw23"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw23", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw23", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw23"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2005.0047", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-08", "title": "In Situ Measurements Of Nitrate Leaching Implicate Poor Nitrogen And Irrigation Management On Sandy Soils", "description": "ABSTRACT

Minimizing the risk of nitrate contamination along the waterways of the U.S. Great Plains is essential to continued irrigated corn production and quality water supplies. The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixed, mesic Lamellic Haplustalfs]) and to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and irrigation management strategies on NO3 leaching in irrigated corn. Two irrigation schedules (1.0\uffc3\uff97 and 1.25\uffc3\uff97 optimum) were combined with six N fertilizer treatments broadcast as NH4NO3 (kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921): 300 and 250 applied pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant; 250 applied pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant and sidedress; 185 applied pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant and sidedress; 125 applied pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant and sidedress; and 0. Porous\uffe2\uff80\uff90cup tensiometers and solution samplers were installed in each of the four highest N treatments. Soil solution samples were collected during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Maximum corn grain yield was achieved with 125 or 185 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, regardless of the irrigation schedule (IS). The 1.25\uffc3\uff97 IS exacerbated the amount of NO3 leached below the 152\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depth in the preplant N treatments, with a mean of 146 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the 250 and 300 kg N preplant applications compared with 12 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the same N treatments and 1.0\uffc3\uff97 IS. With 185 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, the 1.25\uffc3\uff97 IS treatment resulted in 74 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 leached compared with 10 kg N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the 1.0\uffc3\uff97 IS. Appropriate irrigation scheduling and N fertilizer rates are essential to improving N management practices on these sandy soils.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrates", "Nitrogen", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Kansas", "15. Life on land", "Silicon Dioxide", "Plant Roots", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gary A. Clark, John P. Schmidt, Loyd R. Stone, Alan J. Schlegel, Ronald J. Gehl,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0047"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2005.0047", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2005.0047", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2005.0047"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2307/2657091", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-02", "title": "Family- And Population-Level Responses To Atmospheric Co-2 Concentration: Gas Exchange And The Allocation Of C, N, And Biomass In Plantago Lanceolata (Plantaginaceae)", "description": "

To ascertain the inheritance of responses to changing atmospheric CO2 content, we partitioned response to elevated CO2 in Plantago lanceolata between families and populations in 18 families in two populations. Plants were grown in 35 Pa and 71 Pa partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers. We measured above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground mass, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), hexose sugar, and gas exchange properties in both CO2 treatments. Families within populations differed in mass, mass allocation, root\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89shoot ratios, aboveground percentage N, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, and gas exchange properties. The CO2 \uffc3\uff97 family interaction is the main indicator of potential evolutionary responses to changing CO2. Significant CO2 \uffc3\uff97 family interactions were observed for N content, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, and photosynthetic rate (A: instantaneous light\uffe2\uff80\uff90saturated carbon assimilation capacity), intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate (E), and water use efficiency (WUE = A/E), but not for stomatal conductance. Families differed significantly in acclimation across time. The ratio of A in elevated vs. ambient growth CO2, when measured at a common internal CO2 partial pressure was 0.79, indicating down\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of A under CO2 enrichment. Mass, C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratio, percentage, C (%C), and soluble sugar all increased significantly but overall %N did not change. Increases in %C and sugar were significant and were coincident with redistribution of N aboveground. The observed variation among populations and families in response to CO2 is evidence of genetic variation in response and therefore of the potential for novel evolutionary trajectories with rising atmospheric CO2.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "elevated CO2", "photosynthesis", "Science", "Botany", "nitrogen assimilation", "Plantaginaceae", "gas exchange", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plantago lanceolata", "genetic variation", "biomass allocation", "Biology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jenkins Klus, Dawn, Kalisz, Susan, Curtis, Peter S., Teeri, James A., Tonsor, Stephen J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2657091"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/American%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2307/2657091", "name": "item", "description": "10.2307/2657091", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2307/2657091"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2458/v20i1.21745", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-09", "description": "The Forest Land Allocation (FLA) program was introduced by the Vietnamese government in 1991 and it allowed communities, household groups and households to receive forest land for long term use (50 years). The main assumption of this program was that with ownership, households would have greater incentives to preserve forests. But the State, through its formal agencies, still decides how the forests will be used and managed. There have been unintended socio-cultural consequences of this program affecting Vietnam's forest-dependent indigenous communities. The study focused on two Co Tu villages in Central Vietnam. Their livelihoods and their culture, institutions, social life, customs, and religious beliefs are linked to surrounding forests. The FLA program has altered the traditional forest management practices and systems of the Co Tu people, as well as their traditional institutions, particularly the role of the village patriarch, and to a lesser extent their perceptions of 'nature'. The FLA program has consolidated the power of formal institutions in both villages. Keywords: Forest Land Allocation program, Indigenous forest management systems, Co Tu people of Central Vietnam, socio-cultural impact of development interventions, nature conservation, paradigms of nature.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "1. No poverty", "nature conservation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Forest Land Allocation program", "01 natural sciences", "J", "Environmental sciences", "socio-cultural impact of development interventions", "paradigms of nature", "Co Tu people of Central Vietnam", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Indigenous forest management systems", "Political science", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bayrak, Mucahid Mustafa, Tran Nam, T., Burgers, P.P.M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21745"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Political%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2458/v20i1.21745", "name": "item", "description": "10.2458/v20i1.21745", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2458/v20i1.21745"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2527/jas.2008-1026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-22", "title": "Effect Of Dl-Malic Acid Supplementation On Feed Intake, Methane Emission, And Rumen Fermentation In Beef Cattle", "description": "The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary concentration of dl-malic acid (MA) on DMI, CH(4) emission, and rumen fermentation in beef cattle. Two Latin square experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, six beef heifers (19 +/- 1 mo old) were assigned in a duplicated Latin square to 1 of 3 dietary concentrations of MA on a DMI basis (0%, MA-0; 3.75%, MA-3.75; or 7.5%, MA-7.5) over 3 periods. In Exp. 2, four rumen-fistulated steers (48 +/- 1 mo old) were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary concentrations of MA (0%, MA-0; 2.5%, MA-2.5; 5.0%, MA-5.0; or 7.5%, MA-7.5) on a DMI basis, over 4 periods. Both experimental diets consisted of grass silage and pelleted concentrate (containing MA). Silage was fed ad libitum once daily (a.m.), whereas concentrate was fed twice daily (a.m. and p.m.) with the aim of achieving a total DMI of 40:60 silage:concentrate. In both Exp. 1 and 2, experimental periods consisted of 28 d, incorporating a 13-d acclimatization, a 5-d measurement period, and a 10-d washout period. In Exp. 1, enteric CH(4), feed apparent digestibility, and feed intake were measured over the 5-d measurement period. In Exp. 2, rumen fluid was collected on d 16 to 18, immediately before (a.m.) feeding and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h thereafter. Rumen pH was determined and samples were taken for protozoa count, VFA, and ammonia analysis. Enteric CH(4) emissions were estimated by using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique and feed apparent digestibility was estimated by using chromic oxide as an external marker for fecal output. In Exp. 1, increasing dietary MA led to a linear decrease in total DMI (P < 0.001) and total daily CH(4) emissions (P < 0.001). Compared with the control diet, the greatest concentration of MA decreased total daily CH(4) emissions by 16%, which corresponded to a 9% reduction per unit of DMI. Similarly, in Exp. 2, inclusion of MA reduced DMI in a linear (P = 0.002) and quadratic (P < 0.001) fashion. Increasing dietary MA led to a linear decrease in molar proportion of acetic (P = 0.004) and butyric acids (P < 0.001) and an increase in propionic acid (P < 0.001). Ruminal pH tended to increase (P = 0.10) with increasing dietary MA. Dietary inclusion of MA led to a linear (P = 0.01) decrease in protozoa numbers. Increasing supplementation with MA decreased CH(4) emissions, but DMI was also decreased, which could have potentially negative effects on animal performance.", "keywords": ["Male", "2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "Time Factors", "Malates", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Eukaryota", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Eating", "Random Allocation", "Dietary Supplements", "Fermentation", "Animals", "Cattle", "Digestion", "Female", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Animal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2527/jas.2008-1026", "name": "item", "description": "10.2527/jas.2008-1026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2527/jas.2008-1026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2527/jas.2009-1786", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-20", "title": "Effect Of Sward Dry Matter Digestibility On Methane Production, Ruminal Fermentation, And Microbial Populations Of Zero-Grazed Beef Cattle", "description": "Increasing the digestibility of pasture for grazing ruminants has been proposed as a low-cost practical means of reducing ruminant CH(4) emissions. At high feed intake levels, the proportion of energy lost as CH(4) decreases as the digestibility of the diet increases. Therefore, improving forage digestibility may improve productivity as DM and energy intake are increased. A zero-grazing experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sward DM digestibility (DMD) on DMI, CH(4) emissions, and indices of rumen fermentation of beef animals. Twelve Charolais-cross heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments, with 6 heifers per dietary treatment. Additionally, 4 cannulated Aberdeen Angus-cross steers were randomly allocated to each of these 2 treatments in a crossover design. Dietary treatments consisted of swards managed to produce (i) high digestibility pasture (high DMD) or (ii) pasture with less digestibility (low DMD), both offered for ad libitum intake. All animals were zero-grazed and offered freshly cut herbage twice daily. In vitro DMD values for the high and low DMD swards were 816 and 706 g/kg of DM. Heifers offered the high DMD grass had greater (P < 0.001) daily DMI of 7.66 kg compared with 5.38 kg for those offered the low DMD grass. Heifers offered the high DMD grass had greater (P = 0.003) daily CH(4) production (193 g of CH(4)/d) than those offered the low DMD grass (138 g of CH(4)/d). However, when corrected for DMI, digestible DMI, or ingested gross energy, there was no difference (P > 0.05) in CH(4) production between dietary treatments. For cannulated steers, intake tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for the high DMD grass (5.56 vs. 4.27 kg of DM/d), but rumen protozoa (4.95 x 10(4)/mL; P = 0.62); rumen ammonia (34 mg of N/L; P = 0.24); rumen total VFA (103 mM; P = 0.58), and rumen pH (6.8; P = 0.43) did not differ between treatments. There was no difference in total bacteria numbers, relative expression of the mcrA gene, and numbers of cycles to threshold for fungi when determined using quantitative PCR between dietary treatments with mean values of 73.0 ng/microL, 0.958, and 21.75 C(T), respectively. Results of this study demonstrate that there was no difference in CH(4) production when corrected for intake or rumen fermentation variables of beef cattle offered a high or low digestibility sward.", "keywords": ["DNA", " Bacterial", "Male", "2. Zero hunger", "Rumen", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Fatty Acids", " Volatile", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Random Allocation", "Ammonia", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Lolium", "Animals", "Cattle", "Digestion", "Female", "Least-Squares Analysis", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-1786"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Animal%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2527/jas.2009-1786", "name": "item", "description": "10.2527/jas.2009-1786", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2527/jas.2009-1786"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3168/jds.2010-3281", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-21", "title": "Nitrate And Sulfate: Effective Alternative Hydrogen Sinks For Mitigation Of Ruminal Methane Production In Sheep", "description": "Twenty male crossbred Texel lambs were used in a 2 \u00d7 2 factorial design experiment to assess the effect of dietary addition of nitrate (2.6% of dry matter) and sulfate (2.6% of dry matter) on enteric methane emissions, rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations, rumen microbial composition, and the occurrence of methemoglobinemia. Lambs were gradually introduced to nitrate and sulfate in a corn silage-based diet over a period of 4 wk, and methane production was subsequently determined in respiration chambers. Diets were given at 95% of the lowest ad libitum intake observed within one block in the week before methane yield was measured to ensure equal feed intake of animals between treatments. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. Methane production decreased with both supplements (nitrate: -32%, sulfate: -16%, and nitrate+sulfate: -47% relative to control). The decrease in methane production due to nitrate feeding was most pronounced in the period immediately after feeding, whereas the decrease in methane yield due to sulfate feeding was observed during the entire day. Methane-suppressing effects of nitrate and sulfate were independent and additive. The highest methemoglobin value observed in the blood of the nitrate-fed animals was 7% of hemoglobin. When nitrate was fed in combination with sulfate, methemoglobin remained below the detection limit of 2% of hemoglobin. Dietary nitrate decreased heat production (-7%), whereas supplementation with sulfate increased heat production (+3%). Feeding nitrate or sulfate had no effects on volatile fatty acid concentrations in rumen fluid samples taken 24h after feeding, except for the molar proportion of branched-chain volatile fatty acids, which was higher when sulfate was fed and lower when nitrate was fed, but not different when both products were included in the diet. The total number of rumen bacteria increased as a result of sulfate inclusion in the diet. The number of methanogens was reduced when nitrate was fed. Enhanced levels of sulfate in the diet increased the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The number of protozoa was not affected by nitrate or sulfate addition. Supplementation of a diet with nitrate and sulfate is an effective means for mitigating enteric methane emissions from sheep.", "keywords": ["Male", "Rumen", "reduction", "in-vitro", "nitrogen", "Random Allocation", "fumaric-acid", "Animals", "Intestinal Mucosa", "real-time pcr", "2. Zero hunger", "rumen", "Nitrates", "Sheep", "Sulfates", "emissions", "0402 animal and dairy science", "methanogenesis", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Fatty Acids", " Volatile", "Diet", "Agricultural Land Management", "cattle", "Dietary Supplements", "Fermentation", "Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena", "feed-intake", "Methemoglobinemia", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3281"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Dairy%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3168/jds.2010-3281", "name": "item", "description": "10.3168/jds.2010-3281", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3168/jds.2010-3281"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.00168", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:20:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-26", "title": "Rapid Transfer of Plant Photosynthates to Soil Bacteria via Ectomycorrhizal Hyphae and Its Interaction With Nitrogen Availability", "description": "Plant roots release recent photosynthates into the rhizosphere, accelerating decomposition of organic matter by saprotrophic soil microbes ('rhizosphere priming effect') which consequently increases nutrient availability for plants. However, about 90% of all higher plant species are mycorrhizal, transferring a significant fraction of their photosynthates directly to their fungal partners. Whether mycorrhizal fungi pass on plant-derived carbon (C) to bacteria in root-distant soil areas, i.e., incite a 'hyphosphere priming effect,' is not known. Experimental evidence for C transfer from mycorrhizal hyphae to soil bacteria is limited, especially for ectomycorrhizal systems. As ectomycorrhizal fungi possess enzymatic capabilities to degrade organic matter themselves, it remains unclear whether they cooperate with soil bacteria by providing photosynthates, or compete for available nutrients. To investigate a possible C transfer from ectomycorrhizal hyphae to soil bacteria, and its response to changing nutrient availability, we planted young beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) into 'split-root' boxes, dividing their root systems into two disconnected soil compartments. Each of these compartments was separated from a litter compartment by a mesh penetrable for fungal hyphae, but not for roots. Plants were exposed to a 13C-CO2-labeled atmosphere, while 15N-labeled ammonium and amino acids were added to one side of the split-root system. We found a rapid transfer of recent photosynthates via ectomycorrhizal hyphae to bacteria in root-distant soil areas. Fungal and bacterial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers were significantly enriched in hyphae-exclusive compartments 24 h after 13C-CO2-labeling. Isotope imaging with nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) allowed for the first time in situ visualization of plant-derived C and N taken up by an extraradical fungal hypha, and in microbial cells thriving on hyphal surfaces. When N was added to the litter compartments, bacterial biomass, and the amount of incorporated 13C strongly declined. Interestingly, this effect was also observed in adjacent soil compartments where added N was only available for bacteria through hyphal transport, indicating that ectomycorrhizal fungi were acting on soil bacteria. Together, our results demonstrate that (i) ectomycorrhizal hyphae rapidly transfer plant-derived C to bacterial communities in root-distant areas, and (ii) this transfer promptly responds to changing soil nutrient conditions.", "keywords": ["Hyphosphere priming", "DYNAMICS", "0301 basic medicine", "PLFAs", "Microbiology", "ectomycorrhiza", "03 medical and health sciences", "Mycorrhizosphere", "MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "NanoSIMS", "hyphal carbon transfer", "hyphosphere bacteria", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "IDENTIFICATION", "RHIZOSPHERE", "15. Life on land", "QR1-502", "EXTRACTION METHOD", "Ectomycorrhiza", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "hyphosphere priming", "mycorrhizosphere", "Hyphal carbon transfer", "106022 Microbiology", "FATTY-ACIDS", "Hyphosphere bacteria", "BAYESIAN CLASSIFIER", "CARBON ALLOCATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00168"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.00168", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2019.00168", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00168"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:30Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Grazing enhances belowground carbon allocation, microbial biomass, and soil carbon in a subtropical grassland", "description": "unspecifiedLignin PhenolsData file with results from lignin phenol extraction of soil samples, and plant tissue end-members (i.e. shoots, rhizomes and roots of Bahiagrass from inside and outside grazing exclosure). The major families are summarized as v (vannilyl), c (cinnamyl) and s (syringyl). Column 'vsc' represents the sum of v,s, and c, standardized per 100 mg organic carbon, whereas 'vsc.sed' is standardized per 1 g of soil weight. 'adal.v' is the acid-aldehyde ratio of the vanillyl family.gcb_lignin.csvSoils EA/IRMSFile with results of elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Note that plot number needs to be paired with treatment ('trt') to generate a unique ID. 'Back' column identifies whether data is from background survey of exclosures, or from pulse-chase plots.Soils_EAIRMS.csvPulse Chase Vegetation EA/IRMSData with results of EA/IRMS analysis on plant samples from pulse chase experiment. Note that plot number and treatment must be combined to generate a unique plot ID. Harvest identifies time post pulse (2 days, 7 days, or 32 days). Pool identifies whether it is shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots or rhizomes ('Rh'). 'Sub' represents replicated harvested swaths ('A' or 'B') per harvest date (for 2 day and 7 day only, hence 32 day is identified as AA). One sample was accidentally combined in the field and is identified with A/B. Biomass is reported only for the t = 0 initial harvests of aboveground material.PulseChase_VegDataALL.csvPulse Chase Vegetation MassContains dry weight biomass for all plant samples collected in pulse chase experiment. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate unique plot ID. 'Sub' identifies replicate harvest swath collected at each harvest date (2 day and 7 day only, 32 day only had one swath and is thus identified as AA, as is the t=0 harvest of aboveground tissue immediately post pulse). 'Harvest' identifies time of harvest post pulse and is either 0 (immediately post pulse, aboveground tissue only), '2d' (2 day), '7d' (7 day), or '32day' (32 days). 'Pool' identifies the plant tissue and is either shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots ('Root') or rhizomes ('Rh'). Biomass is in grams. 'Standing dead' represents the senesced tissue sorted out of the sample prior to analysis, and is also in grams.PlantData_MassALL.csvPulse Chase Microbial DataMicrobial biomass and isotope ratio data. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate a unique sample ID. Harvest indicates time since post pulse: '48' represents 2 days, '336' represents 7 days, and 4 represents 32 days. 'Sub' represents replicated harvest swath within a given harvest date (2 day and 7 day only). Column 'Rep' can be ignored. 'mgC/dry_mass_soil(g)' represents the carbon concentration of the extract, standardized per gram of soil extracted. 'd13c (permil, versus VPDB)' is the standard isotope delta 13C value, and 'Fumigated' identifies fumigated extracts (containing lysed microbial cell contents in addition to dissolved organic carbon, DOC) and 'unfumigated' extracts (which contain just DOC). Formulae for calculating microbial biomass and isotope enrichment are in the main paper, and are also explained in the open source code used to process and analyze data available at https://github.com/chwilson/GCB_2018).PulseChase_MicrobialData.csv", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "belowground carbon allocation", "soil organic carbon", "microbial biomass", "Lignin Phenols", "Paspalum notatum", "Large Herbivore Grazing", "subtropical pasture", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wilson, Chris H., Strickland, Michael S., Hutchings, Jack A., Bianchi, Thomas S., Flory, S. Luke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/w11091918", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-16", "title": "Modeling Sugar Beet Responses to Irrigation with AquaCrop for Optimizing Water Allocation", "description": "

Process-based crop models such as AquaCrop are useful for a variety of applications but must be accurately calibrated and validated. Sugar beet is an important crop that is grown in regions under water scarcity. The discrepancies and uncertainty in past published calibrations, together with important modifications in the program, deemed it necessary to conduct a study aimed at the calibration of AquaCrop (version 6.1) using the results of a single deficit irrigation experiment. The model was validated with additional data from eight farms differing in location, years, varieties, sowing dates, and irrigation. The overall performance of AquaCrop for simulating canopy cover, biomass, and final yield was accurate (RMSE = 11.39%, 2.10 t ha\u22121, and 0.85 t ha\u22121, respectively). Once the model was properly calibrated and validated, a scenario analysis was carried out to assess the crop response in terms of yield and water productivity to different irrigation water allocations in the two main production areas of sugar beet in Spain (spring and autumn sowing). The results highlighted the potential of the model by showing the important impact of irrigation water allocation and sowing time on sugar beet production and its irrigation water productivity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water productivity", "Sugar beet", "sugar beet", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "calibration", "irrigation water allocation", "Modelling", "AquaCrop", "6. Clean water", "Irrigation water allocation", "modelling", "Calibration", "water productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091918"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/w11091918", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/w11091918", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/w11091918"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:21:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-09", "title": "Effects Of Grazing On The Soil Properties And C And N Storage In Relation To Biomass Allocation In An Alpine Meadow", "description": "Livestock grazing is one of the most important factors influencing the above-ground community composition and structure in a natural grassland ecosystem. Different grazing intensities also have the potential to alter soil C and N storage substantially in grasslands. We conducted a field community study and soil analyses to determine the effects of different grazing intensities on the above-ground community and soil properties in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed the following: (i) the vegetation height, coverage, and above-ground biomass significantly declined with increased grazing intensity, but the species richness reached the highest level in a moderate-grazing intensity meadow; (ii) grazing had a significant positive effect on soil properties in that the soil moisture content, soil organic carbon concentration, soil total nitrogen concentration, soil available nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, and soil available phosphorus significantly increased with increased grazing pressure; and (iii) soil C and N storage also significantly increased with increased grazing pressure; altogether, these increases had a significant positive cor relation with the increase of below-ground biomass allocation. Our results indicated that higher grazing intensity might have a potentially positive effect to increase the soil C and N storage in alpine meadows. However, from a long-term perspective, moderate grazing may help to achieve a balance between species diversity protection, livestock production and soil C and N management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "grazing intensity", "13. Climate action", "carbon", "soil properties", "above-ground community", "alpine grassland", "biomass allocation", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20soil%20science%20and%20plant%20nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "name": "item", "description": "10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4067/s0718-95162011000400003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10138/570094", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Do mycorrhizal symbionts drive latitudinal trends in photosynthetic carbon use efficiency and carbon sequestration in boreal forests?", "description": "There is evidence that carbon fluxes and stocks decrease with increasing latitude in boreal forests, suggesting a reduction in carbon use efficiency. While vegetation and soil carbon dynamics have been widely studied, the empirical finding that ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) become more abundant towards the north has not been quantitatively linked to carbon use efficiency. We formulated a conceptual model of combined fine-root and ECM carbon use efficiency (CUE) as NPP/GPP (net primary production/gross primary production). For this, we included the mycorrhiza as gains in plant NPP but considered the extramatrical hyphae as well as exudates as losses. We quantified the carbon processes across a latitudinal gradient using published eco-physiological and morphological measurements from boreal coniferous forests. In parallel, we developed two CUE models using large-scale empirical measurements amended with established models. All models predicted similar latitudinal trends in vegetation CUE and net ecosystem production (NEP). CUE in the ECM model declined on average by 0.1 from latitude 60 to 70 with overall mean 0.390 +/- 0.037. NEP declined by 200 g m(-2) yr(-1) with mean 171 +/- 79.4 g m(-2) yr(-)(1). ECM had no significant effect on predicted soil carbon. Our findings suggest that ECM can use a significant proportion of the carbon assimilated by vegetation and hence be an important driver of the decline in CUE at higher latitudes. Our model suggests the quantitative contribution of ECM to soil carbon to be less important but any possible implications through litter quality remain to be assessed. The approach provides a simple proxy of ECM processes for regional C budget models and estimates.", "keywords": ["Soil C balance", "570", "550", "Forest Science", "hiilen kierto", "Carbon residence time", "Carbon use efficiency", "Forestry", "Carbon allocation", "hiilensidonta", "15. Life on land", "ta4112", "13. Climate action", "maaper\u00e4geologia", "Net ecosystem production", "Soil C:N ratio", "Mycorrhiza", "Model"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/31150/1/makela-a-et-al-20230622.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10138/570094"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10138/570094", "name": "item", "description": "10138/570094", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10138/570094"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.11473793", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:22:11Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Common optimisation protocol. Deliverable D5.1 of the EU Horizon 2020 project OPTAIN.", "description": "Deliverable report D5.1 of the EU Horizon 2020 Project OPTAIN (Grant agreement No. 862756) Summary\u00a0The objective of this deliverable D5.1 is to enable catchment-scale modellers to perform a multi-objective optimisation of the allocation and combination of Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRMs) in their own case study (CS). This report (i) introduces the Pareto optimal NSWRM implementation plans as one of the project\u2019s key products, (ii) describes OPTAIN\u2019s optimisation concept, (iii) outlines the requirements that a SWAT+ model setup must meet before it can be used for the optimisation, (iv) shows how to build a SWATmeasR project as a key tool for implementing NSWRMs in a SWAT+ model, and (v) provides a protocol on how to run the optimisation using the software CoMOLA. The report should also be useful beyond the OPTAIN project for interested SWAT+ modellers who wish to use their model to optimise spatially explicit NSWRM or Best Management Practice (BMP) plans against multiple catchment-scale objectives.", "keywords": ["CoMOLA", "SWAT+", "NSWRM", "multi-objective optimisation", "catchment-scale", "allocation and combination"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Strauch, Michael, Sch\u00fcrz, Christoph,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11473793"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.11473793", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.11473793", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.11473793"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15043864", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:22:45Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Post-processing & interactive visualisation of optimisation results. Deliverable D5.2 of the EU Horizon 2020 project OPTAIN", "description": "Deliverable report D5.2 of the EU Horizon 2020 Project OPTAIN (Grant agreement No. 862756) Summary\u00a0Multi-objective optimisation is a powerful approach for generating a set of Pareto optimal design alternatives that decision-makers can evaluate in order to select the most-suitable configuration. In practice, however, selecting from a large number of Pareto optimal solutions can be daunting. The objective of this report is to enable researchers and stakeholders to assess the optimisation outputs produced in OPTAINs previous Task 5.2 in a structured manner, to render the results tangible and understandable, and to maximise their use for the subsequent stakeholder consultation. This report describes the tool ParetoPick-R, including how to run it, its data input requirements and the processes it employs. ParetoPick-R allows (1) to make the complex optimisation outputs understandable through various intuitive visualisation techniques, including for the links between the objective space and the decision space of Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRM) implementation plans. (2) It implements a methodology for reducing the high number of solutions from the previous optimisation to a manageable number while reducing information loss, and (3) allows to perform an Analytical Hierarchy Process for stakeholders to assign priorities based on pairwise preferences in a structured manner. This report is useful for researchers and stakeholders from OPTAIN and beyond working with complex optimisation problems who want to analyse their results in\u00a0a structured and meaningful way and render them actionable.", "keywords": ["CoMOLA", "combination", "SWAT+", "NSWRM", "post-processing", "H2020", "OPTAIN", "interactive visualisation", "stakeholder support", "R tool", "multi-objective optimization", "allocation", "Pareto solutions", "Analytical Hierarchy Process", "pareto pruning", "clustering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15043864"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15043864", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15043864", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15043864"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/205841", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-16", "title": "Modeling Sugar Beet Responses to Irrigation with AquaCrop for Optimizing Water Allocation", "description": "

Process-based crop models such as AquaCrop are useful for a variety of applications but must be accurately calibrated and validated. Sugar beet is an important crop that is grown in regions under water scarcity. The discrepancies and uncertainty in past published calibrations, together with important modifications in the program, deemed it necessary to conduct a study aimed at the calibration of AquaCrop (version 6.1) using the results of a single deficit irrigation experiment. The model was validated with additional data from eight farms differing in location, years, varieties, sowing dates, and irrigation. The overall performance of AquaCrop for simulating canopy cover, biomass, and final yield was accurate (RMSE = 11.39%, 2.10 t ha\u22121, and 0.85 t ha\u22121, respectively). Once the model was properly calibrated and validated, a scenario analysis was carried out to assess the crop response in terms of yield and water productivity to different irrigation water allocations in the two main production areas of sugar beet in Spain (spring and autumn sowing). The results highlighted the potential of the model by showing the important impact of irrigation water allocation and sowing time on sugar beet production and its irrigation water productivity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water productivity", "Sugar beet", "sugar beet", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "calibration", "irrigation water allocation", "Modelling", "AquaCrop", "6. Clean water", "Irrigation water allocation", "modelling", "Calibration", "water productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10261/205841"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/205841", "name": "item", "description": "10261/205841", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/205841"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10396/18990", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-09-16", "title": "Modeling Sugar Beet Responses to Irrigation with AquaCrop for Optimizing Water Allocation", "description": "

Process-based crop models such as AquaCrop are useful for a variety of applications but must be accurately calibrated and validated. Sugar beet is an important crop that is grown in regions under water scarcity. The discrepancies and uncertainty in past published calibrations, together with important modifications in the program, deemed it necessary to conduct a study aimed at the calibration of AquaCrop (version 6.1) using the results of a single deficit irrigation experiment. The model was validated with additional data from eight farms differing in location, years, varieties, sowing dates, and irrigation. The overall performance of AquaCrop for simulating canopy cover, biomass, and final yield was accurate (RMSE = 11.39%, 2.10 t ha\u22121, and 0.85 t ha\u22121, respectively). Once the model was properly calibrated and validated, a scenario analysis was carried out to assess the crop response in terms of yield and water productivity to different irrigation water allocations in the two main production areas of sugar beet in Spain (spring and autumn sowing). The results highlighted the potential of the model by showing the important impact of irrigation water allocation and sowing time on sugar beet production and its irrigation water productivity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water productivity", "Sugar beet", "sugar beet", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "calibration", "irrigation water allocation", "Modelling", "AquaCrop", "6. Clean water", "Irrigation water allocation", "modelling", "Calibration", "water productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10396/18990"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10396/18990", "name": "item", "description": "10396/18990", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10396/18990"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10451/49486", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-01", "title": "Unveiling the hidden interaction between thermophiles and plant crops: wheat and soil thermophilic bacteria", "description": "The effect of a soil thermophilic bacteria (STB), Ureibacillus sp. 18UE/10 on the status of wheat plants was evaluated. A greenhouse assay was performed, mimicking scenarios of soil impoverishment and aridity, which included Rhizophagus irregularis, a crop enhancer AMF, for effect comparison. Treatments with strain 18, R. irregularis or both had no significant effect on biomass production, however affected plant physiology. A different partition in biomass, nitrogen and carbon content were observed, resulting in a decreased C/N ratio. Elemental analysis showed an increase in N and P content in shoots, and for treatments containing STB a decrease in the content of several toxic metals. Strain 18 had a distinct \u03b413C isotopic signature translating an increased stomatal conductance. ATR-IR spectroscopy revealed that root exudate influenced STB cell wall structure and increased the bacterial survival rate at 25\u00b0C. These findings show that STB can interact with a plant partner under rhizospheric conditions.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "plant-stb interaction", "stb effect on plant metal toxicity", "Plant culture", "QK900-989", "Plant ecology", "soil thermophilic bacteria (stb)", "stb effect on plant n", " c and p allocation", "SB1-1110"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/49486/1/Santana%20et%20al%202020%20-%20Unveiling%20the%20hidden%20interaction%20between%20thermophiles%20and%20plant%20crops%20wheat%20and%20soil%20thermophilic%20bacteria.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17429145.2020.1766585"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10451/49486"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Plant%20Interactions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10451/49486", "name": "item", "description": "10451/49486", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10451/49486"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11353/10.1146400", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:24:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-26", "title": "Rapid Transfer of Plant Photosynthates to Soil Bacteria via Ectomycorrhizal Hyphae and Its Interaction With Nitrogen Availability", "description": "Plant roots release recent photosynthates into the rhizosphere, accelerating decomposition of organic matter by saprotrophic soil microbes ('rhizosphere priming effect') which consequently increases nutrient availability for plants. However, about 90% of all higher plant species are mycorrhizal, transferring a significant fraction of their photosynthates directly to their fungal partners. Whether mycorrhizal fungi pass on plant-derived carbon (C) to bacteria in root-distant soil areas, i.e., incite a 'hyphosphere priming effect,' is not known. Experimental evidence for C transfer from mycorrhizal hyphae to soil bacteria is limited, especially for ectomycorrhizal systems. As ectomycorrhizal fungi possess enzymatic capabilities to degrade organic matter themselves, it remains unclear whether they cooperate with soil bacteria by providing photosynthates, or compete for available nutrients. To investigate a possible C transfer from ectomycorrhizal hyphae to soil bacteria, and its response to changing nutrient availability, we planted young beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) into 'split-root' boxes, dividing their root systems into two disconnected soil compartments. Each of these compartments was separated from a litter compartment by a mesh penetrable for fungal hyphae, but not for roots. Plants were exposed to a 13C-CO2-labeled atmosphere, while 15N-labeled ammonium and amino acids were added to one side of the split-root system. We found a rapid transfer of recent photosynthates via ectomycorrhizal hyphae to bacteria in root-distant soil areas. Fungal and bacterial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers were significantly enriched in hyphae-exclusive compartments 24 h after 13C-CO2-labeling. Isotope imaging with nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) allowed for the first time in situ visualization of plant-derived C and N taken up by an extraradical fungal hypha, and in microbial cells thriving on hyphal surfaces. When N was added to the litter compartments, bacterial biomass, and the amount of incorporated 13C strongly declined. Interestingly, this effect was also observed in adjacent soil compartments where added N was only available for bacteria through hyphal transport, indicating that ectomycorrhizal fungi were acting on soil bacteria. Together, our results demonstrate that (i) ectomycorrhizal hyphae rapidly transfer plant-derived C to bacterial communities in root-distant areas, and (ii) this transfer promptly responds to changing soil nutrient conditions.", "keywords": ["Hyphosphere priming", "DYNAMICS", "0301 basic medicine", "PLFAs", "Microbiology", "ectomycorrhiza", "03 medical and health sciences", "Mycorrhizosphere", "MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "NanoSIMS", "hyphal carbon transfer", "hyphosphere bacteria", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "IDENTIFICATION", "RHIZOSPHERE", "15. Life on land", "QR1-502", "EXTRACTION METHOD", "Ectomycorrhiza", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "hyphosphere priming", "mycorrhizosphere", "Hyphal carbon transfer", "106022 Microbiology", "FATTY-ACIDS", "Hyphosphere bacteria", "BAYESIAN CLASSIFIER", "CARBON ALLOCATION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11353/10.1146400"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11353/10.1146400", "name": "item", "description": "11353/10.1146400", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11353/10.1146400"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.11116/0000-000D-41C9-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-25T16:25:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-08", "title": "Drought intensity alters productivity, carbon allocation and plant nitrogen uptake in fast versus slow grassland communities", "description": "Abstract

Grasslands face more frequent and extreme droughts; yet, their responses to increasing drought intensity are poorly understood. Increasing drought intensity likely triggers abrupt shifts (thresholds) in grassland ecosystem functioning which can implicate recovery trajectories.

Here, we determined how drought intensity affects plant productivity, and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. We exposed model grassland plant communities with contrasting resource acquisition strategies (a fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90 vs a slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy plant community), to a gradient of drought intensity. The drought gradient ranged from well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered to severely water\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited conditions. We identified thresholds of plant community productivity (above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass) at peak drought and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89months after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, and measured net ecosystem exchange and ecosystem respiration of C\uffc2\uffa0throughout the drought and recovery phases. At peak drought and 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89week after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, we traced recently acquired C from plants to the soil and into microbial biomass and fatty acids using 13C pulse labelling, and measured plant and soil N.

At peak drought, slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy plant communities were more drought resistant than fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy communities, as the threshold in plant productivity occurred at a higher drought intensity for the slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90 than the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community. Shortly after re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, microbial uptake of recent plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90assimilated C increased with increasing past drought intensity, coinciding with an increase in soil N availability and leaf N. Threshold responses to drought intensity at peak drought translated into non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear recovery responses, with greater compensatory growth in the fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community. At peak drought, increasing drought intensity reduced C uptake and increased relative C partitioning to leaves and microbial biomass. Upon re\uffe2\uff80\uff90wetting, plant community strategy mediated drought intensity effects on plant and soil C and N dynamics and plant recovery trajectories. The fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90strategy community recovered quickly, with higher leaf N than the slow community, while the slow community increased C allocation to microbial biomass.

Synthesis. Our findings highlight that C and N dynamics in the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil system display non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear responses to increasing drought intensity both during and after drought, which has implications for plant community recovery trajectories.

Carbon (C) assimilation can be severely impaired during periods of environmental stress, like drought or defoliation, making trees heavily dependent on the use of C reserve pools for survival; yet, the dynamics of reserve use during periods of reduced C supply are still poorly understood. We used stem girdling in mature poplar trees (Populus tremula L. hybrids), a lipid-storing species, to permanently interrupt the phloem C transport and induced C shortage in the isolated stem section below the girdle and monitored metabolic activity during three campaigns in the growing seasons of 2018, 2019 and 2021. We measured respiratory fluxes (CO2 and O2), non-structural carbon concentration, the respiratory substrate (based on isotopic analysis and CO2/O2 ratio) and the age of the respiratory substrate (based on radiocarbon analysis). Our study shows that poplar trees can survive long periods of reduced C supply from the canopy by switching in metabolism from recent carbohydrates to older storage pools with a potential mixture of respiratory substrates, including lipids. This mechanism of stress resilience can explain why tree decline may take many years before death occurs.

Process-based crop models such as AquaCrop are useful for a variety of applications but must be accurately calibrated and validated. Sugar beet is an important crop that is grown in regions under water scarcity. The discrepancies and uncertainty in past published calibrations, together with important modifications in the program, deemed it necessary to conduct a study aimed at the calibration of AquaCrop (version 6.1) using the results of a single deficit irrigation experiment. The model was validated with additional data from eight farms differing in location, years, varieties, sowing dates, and irrigation. The overall performance of AquaCrop for simulating canopy cover, biomass, and final yield was accurate (RMSE = 11.39%, 2.10 t ha\u22121, and 0.85 t ha\u22121, respectively). Once the model was properly calibrated and validated, a scenario analysis was carried out to assess the crop response in terms of yield and water productivity to different irrigation water allocations in the two main production areas of sugar beet in Spain (spring and autumn sowing). The results highlighted the potential of the model by showing the important impact of irrigation water allocation and sowing time on sugar beet production and its irrigation water productivity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water productivity", "Sugar beet", "sugar beet", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "calibration", "irrigation water allocation", "Modelling", "AquaCrop", "6. Clean water", "Irrigation water allocation", "modelling", "Calibration", "water productivity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/9/1918/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2972466247"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2972466247", "name": "item", "description": "2972466247", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2972466247"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-09-14T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=allocation&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=allocation&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=allocation&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=allocation&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 50, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-26T00:10:15.466639Z"}