Moss-cyanobacteria symbioses were proposed to be based on nutrient exchange, with hosts providing C and S while bacteria provide N, but we still lack understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of their interactions. We investigated how contact between the ubiquitous moss Hylocomium splendens and its cyanobiont affects nutrient-related gene expression of both partners. We isolated a cyanobacterium from H. splendens and co-incubated it with washed H. splendens shoots. Cyanobacterium and moss were also incubated separately. After 1\uffc2\uffa0week, we performed acetylene reduction assays to estimate N2 fixation and RNAseq to evaluate metatranscriptomes. Genes related to N2 fixation and the biosynthesis of several amino acids were up-regulated in the cyanobiont when hosted by the moss. However, S-uptake and the biosynthesis of the S-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine were down-regulated in the cyanobiont while the degradation of selenocysteine was up-regulated. In contrast, the number of differentially expressed genes in the moss was much lower, and almost no transcripts related to nutrient metabolism were affected. It is possible that, at least during the early stage of this symbiosis, the cyanobiont receives few if any nutrients from the host in return for N, suggesting that moss\uffe2\uff80\uff93cyanobacteria symbioses encompass relationships that are more plastic than a constant mutualist flow of nutrients.Rice exudation patterns changed in response to P deficiency. Higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production. Total carboxylate exudation rates mostly decreased under P-limiting conditions.
AbstractWithin the rhizosphere, root exudates are believed to play an important role in plant phosphorus (P) acquisition. This could be particularly beneficial in upland rice production where P is often limited. However, knowledge gaps remain on how P deficiency shapes quality and quantity of root exudation in upland rice genotypes. We therefore investigated growth, plant P uptake, and root exudation patterns of two rice genotypes differing in P efficiency in semi-hydroponics at two P levels (low P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff891\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M, adequate P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89100\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M). Root exudates were collected hydroponically 28 and 40\uffc2\uffa0days after germination to analyze total carbon (C), carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic compounds spectrophotometrically and carboxylates using a targeted LC\uffe2\uff80\uff93MS approach. Despite their reported role in P solubilization, we observed that carboxylate exudation rates per unit root surface area were not increased under P deficiency. In contrast, exudation rates of total C, carbohydrates, amino acids and phenolics were mostly enhanced in response to low P supply. Overall, higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production in the P-inefficient genotype Nerica4, whereas the larger root system with lower C investment (per unit root surface area) in root exudates of the P-efficient DJ123 allowed for better plant growth under P deficiency. Our results reveal new insights into genotype-specific resource allocation in rice under P-limiting conditions that warrant follow-up research including more genotypes.
", "keywords": ["Genotype", "Hydroponics", "carbohydrates ; phenolics ; amino acids ; carboxylates ; phosphorus", "Plant Exudates", "Rhizosphere", "Original Article", "Oryza", "Phosphorus", "Biomass", "Amino Acids", "Plant Roots", "Carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Henning Schwalm, Christiana Staudinger, Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei, Eva Mundschenk, Alireza Golestanifard, Maire Holz, Matthias Wissuwa, Eva Oburger,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Planta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-015-9868-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:14:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-03", "title": "Soil Microbes Compete Strongly With Plants For Soil Inorganic And Amino Acid Nitrogen In A Semiarid Grassland Exposed To Elevated Co2 And Warming", "description": "Free amino acids (FAAs) in soil are an important N source for plants, and abundances are predicted to shift under altered atmospheric conditions such as elevated CO2. Composition, plant uptake capacity, and plant and microbial use of FAAs relative to inorganic N forms were investigated in a temperate semiarid grassland exposed to experimental warming and free-air CO2 enrichment. FAA uptake by two dominant grassland plants, Bouteloua gracilis and Artemesia frigida, was determined in hydroponic culture. B. gracilis and microbial N preferences were then investigated in experimental field plots using isotopically labeled FAA and inorganic N sources. Alanine and phenylalanine concentrations were the highest in the field, and B. gracilis and A. frigida rapidly consumed these FAAs in hydroponic experiments. However, B. gracilis assimilated little isotopically labeled alanine, ammonium and nitrate in the field. Rather, soil microbes immobilized the majority of all three N forms. Elevated CO2 and warming did not affect plant or microbial uptake. FAAs are not direct sources of N for B. gracilis, and soil microbes outcompete this grass for organic and inorganic N when N is at peak demand within temperate semiarid grasslands.", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "amino acids", "570", "15N", "grasslands", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "global warming", "soil microbiology", "nitrogen", "630", "6. Clean water", "nitrogen uptake", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "13C", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9868-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-015-9868-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-015-9868-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-015-9868-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-04-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102288", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:16:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-18", "title": "Amino acids and their derivatives mediating defense priming and growth tradeoff", "description": "Plant response to pathogens attacks generally comes at the expense of growth. Defense priming is widely accepted as an efficient strategy used for augmenting resistance with reduced fitness in terms of growth and yield. Plant-derived small molecules, both primary as well as secondary metabolites, can function as activators to prime plant defense. Amino acids and their derivatives regulate numerous aspects of plant growth and development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in understanding the roles of amino acids and related molecules in defense priming and their link with plant growth. We also highlight some of the outstanding questions and provide an outlook on the prospects of 'engineering' the tradeoff between defense and growth in plants.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Stress", " Physiological", "Amino Acids", "Plants"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Cai, Jianghua, Aharoni, Asaph,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102288"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Current%20Opinion%20in%20Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102288", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102288", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102288"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/ncomms2224", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-24T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-27", "title": "Warming And Nitrogen Deposition Lessen Microbial Residue Contribution To Soil Carbon Pool", "description": "Microorganisms have a role as gatekeepers for terrestrial carbon fluxes, either causing its release to the atmosphere through their decomposition activities or preventing its release by stabilizing the carbon in a form that cannot be easily decomposed. Although research has focused on microbial sources of greenhouse gas production, somewhat limited attention has been paid to the microbial role in carbon sequestration. However, increasing numbers of reports indicate the importance of incorporating microbial-derived carbon into soil stable carbon pools. Here we investigate microbial residues in a California annual grassland after a continuous 9-year manipulation of three environmental factors (elevated CO(2), warming and nitrogen deposition), singly and in combination. Our results indicate that warming and nitrogen deposition can both alter the fraction of carbon derived from microbes in soils, though for two very different reasons. A reduction in microbial carbon contribution to stable carbon pools may have implications for our predictions of global change impacts on soil stored carbon.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Hot Temperature", "Nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "California", "Carbon", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Amino Acids", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2224"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/ncomms2224", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/ncomms2224", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/ncomms2224"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-43305-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:17:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-03", "title": "Soil amendments with ethylene precursor alleviate negative impacts of salinity on soil microbial properties and productivity", "description": "AbstractSome microbes enhance stress tolerance in plants by minimizing plant ethylene levels via degradation of its immediate precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), in the rhizosphere. In return, ACC is used by these microbes as a source of nitrogen. This mutualistic relationship between plants and microbes may be used to promote soil properties in stressful environments. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amendments of ACC in soils reshape the structure of soil microbiome and alleviate the negative impacts of salinity on soil properties. We treated non-saline and artificially-developed saline soils with ACC in different concentrations for 14 days. The structure of soil microbiome, soil microbial properties and productivity were examined. Our results revealed that microbial composition of bacteria, archaea and fungi in saline soils was affected by ACC amendments; whereas community composition in non-saline soils was not affected. The amendments of ACC could not fully counteract the negative effects of salinity on soil microbial activities and productivity, but increased the abundance of ACC deaminase-encoding gene (acdS), enhanced soil microbial respiration, enzymatic activity, nitrogen and carbon cycling potentials and Arabidopsis biomass in saline soils. Collectively, our study indicates that ACC amendments in soils could efficiently ameliorate salinity impacts on soil properties and plant biomass production.Conversion of former agricultural land to grassland and forest ecosystems is a suggested option for mitigation of increased atmospheric CO2. A Sharpsburg prairie loess soil (fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll) provided treatments to study the impact of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term land use on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and composition for a 130\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old cropped, pasture and forest comparison. The forest and pasture land use significantly retained more SOC, 46% and 25%, respectively, compared with cropped land use, and forest land use increased soil C content by 29% compared with the pasture. Organic C retained in the soils was a function of the soil N content (r=0.98,P<0.001) and the soil carbohydrate (CH) concentration (r=0.96,P<0.001). Statistical analyses found that soil aggregation processes increased as organic C content increased in the forest and pasture soils, but not in the cropped soil. SOC was composed of similar percentages of CHs (49%, 42% and 51%), amino acids (22%, 15% and 18%), lipids (2.3%, 2.3% and 2.9%) and unidentified C (21%, 29% and 27%), but differed for phenolic acids (PAs) (5.7%, 11.6% and 1.0%) for the pasture, forest and cropped soils, respectively. The results suggested that the majority of the surface soil C sequestered in the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term pasture and forest soils was identified as C of plant origin through the use of CH and PA biomarkers, although the increase in amino sugar concentration of microbial origin indicates a greater increase in microbial inputs in the three subsoils. The practice of permanent pastures and afforestation of agricultural land showed long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term potential for potential mitigation of atmospheric CO2.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "amino acids", "550", "Plant Sciences", "carbohydrates", "lignin", "organic C", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "land-use change", "lipids", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phenolic acids"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Martens, Dean A., Reedy, Thomas E., Lewis, David T., (retired),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00722.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00722.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00722.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00722.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:18:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-13", "title": "Physiological Response To Drought In Radiata Pine: Phytohormone Implication At Leaf Level", "description": "Pinus radiata D. Don is one of the most abundant species in the north of Spain. Knowledge of drought response mechanisms is essential to guarantee plantation survival under reduced water supply as predicted in the future. Tolerance mechanisms are being studied in breeding programs, because information on such mechanisms can be used for genotype selection. In this paper, we analyze the changes of leaf water potential, hydraulic conductance (K(leaf)), stomatal conductance and phytohormones under drought in P. radiata breeds (O1, O2, O3, O4, O5 and O6) from different climatology areas, hypothesizing that they could show variable drought tolerance. As a primary signal, drought decreased cytokinin (zeatin and zeatin riboside-Z\u2009+\u2009ZR) levels in needles parallel to K(leaf) and gas exchange. When Z\u2009+\u2009ZR decreased by 65%, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation started as a second signal and increments were higher for IAA than for ABA. When plants decreased by 80%, Z\u2009+\u2009ZR and K(leaf) doubled their ABA and IAA levels, the photosystem II yield decreased and the electrolyte leakage increased. At the end of the drought period, less tolerant breeds increased IAA over 10-fold compared with controls. External damage also induced jasmonic acid accumulation in all breeds except in O5 (P. radiata var. radiata\u2009\u00d7\u2009var. cedrosensis), which accumulated salicylic acid as a defense mechanism. After rewatering, only the most tolerant plants recovered their K(leaf,) perhaps due to an IAA decrease and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid maintenance. From all phytohormones, IAA was the most representative 'water deficit signal' in P. radiata.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Genotype", "Indoleacetic Acids", "Climate", "Amino Acids", " Cyclic", "Photosystem II Protein Complex", "Cyclopentanes", "Breeding", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Plant Leaves", "Electrolytes", "Isopentenyladenosine", "03 medical and health sciences", "Plant Growth Regulators", "Plant Stomata", "Oxylipins", "Photosynthesis", "Salicylic Acid", "Abscisic Acid", "Signal Transduction"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tps029", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tps029"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/09-0140.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-09", "title": "Plant-Available Organic And Mineral Nitrogen Shift In Dominance With Forest Stand Age", "description": "Studies of soil nitrogen (N) availability over stand development have almost exclusively focused on mineral N, yet we increasingly recognize that plants can take up organic N in the form of free amino acids at biologically important rates. We investigated amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid and mineral N availability along a 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90site chronosequence of jack pine stands, varying in age from 4 to 60 yr following wildfire. We measured free amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N and mineral N in soil extracts; native proteolytic rates; net N mineralization rates; and microbial amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid consumption via a 15N leucine tracer assay in 6 of the 10 sites (4, 10, 18, 22, 46, and 55\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr\uffe2\uff80\uff90old). Amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N was consistently low in the youngest sites (4\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 yr), increased rapidly in mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90aged sites (15\uffe2\uff80\uff9322 yr), and was highest in stand age 46. In contrast, mineral N exhibited a parabolic shape (R2 = 0.499; P < 0.0001), with the youngest site and the four oldest sites containing the highest amounts of mineral N. As a result, amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N as a percentage of amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N + mineral N was greatest in mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90aged stands (e.g., 67% in the 22\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr\uffe2\uff80\uff90old stand). We observed no trend in proteolytic rates across the chronosequence (P = 0.632). Percentage 15N tracer recovery was lowest in the extractable organic N pool for the 4, 10, and 18\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr\uffe2\uff80\uff90old sites, though only site age 10 was significantly different from the older sites. Percentage of recovery in the organic N pool was significantly positively related (R2 = 0.798; P < 0.05) to standing pools of amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N. Overall, our results suggest that heterotrophic consumption, not production via proteolysis, controls soil free amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid availability. Higher microbial demand for free amino acids in younger vs. older sites likely results from greater microbial C and N limitation early in stand development due to the lack of fresh litter inputs. Since amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N exceeds mineral N in a time period of stand development where jack pine growth rates and N demand are highest, we speculate that amino\uffe2\uff80\uff90acid N may be important to the N economy of these forests.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Aging", "Soil", "Nitrogen", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Amino Acids", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Trees"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0140.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/09-0140.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/09-0140.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/09-0140.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.1131349", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:21:39Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset for \"Contrasting Effects of Organic and Mineral Nitrogen Challenge the N-Mining Hypothesis for Soil Organic Matter Priming\"", "description": "Dataset for the article: Mason-Jones, K., Schm\u00fccker, N., Kuzyakov, Y. (2018) Contrasting Effects of Organic and Mineral Nitrogen Challenge the N-Mining Hypothesis for Soil Organic Matter Priming. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 124, 38-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.024", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Carbon and nitrogen interactions", "Soil", "Alanine", "Low molecular weight organic substances", "Amino acids", "15. Life on land", "Priming effect", "Sugars"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mason-Jones, Kyle, Schm\u00fccker, Niklas, Kuzyakov, Yakov,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1131349"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.1131349", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.1131349", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.1131349"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11454/87069", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:24:07Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Civciv embriyolar\u0131nda sekonder n\u00f6rulasyon evrelerinin histolojik olarak incelenmesi", "description": "Embargo90 SUMMARY Neurulation is the process of the neural tube formation. It can be investigated in two categories as primary and secondary neurulation. Primary neurulation takes place by formation of neural plate that starts with the proliferation of ectoderm, folding of the neural plate lateral edges, and raising of these folds and approaching and joining of them in the middle zone. Secondary neurulation, on the other hand, takes place in the caudal of the embryo and starts with the formation of medullar cord via grouping and densification of mesenchyme cells in the tail bud. Earlier investigations have usually covered the primary neurulation. In this study, however, process of secondary neurulation that forms through canalization of a massive group of cells is investigated. Secondary neurulation is studied in stage 15 of 55-hour chick embryo based on the Hamburger-Hamilton stages. After the removal of embryos from the eggs, they were dissected from their membranes and put into proper fixatives. Paraffin procedure was applied to a group of embryos for the purpose of light microscopy and histochemical studies. P.A.S. and Hematoksilen Eozin staining were done to some 2- micron sections taken from the paraffin blocks. In order to achieve a better resolution under the light microscopy, some chick embryos were prepared according to the electron microscopy sample preparation procedures, and epon blocks were prepared accordingly. Some 1 -micron sections taken from the epon blocks were stained by toulin blue. Finally, embryos were studied under the light microscopy, and their photos were taken. It was found out that secondary neurulation was formed via cavitation of the medullar cord that developed from the tail bud in the caudal of the chick embryo. Different from the primary neurulation, secondary neurulation in chick embryos has four stages: First, formation of a massive group of cells identified as medullar cord91 via joining of dorsal cells of the tail bud. Second, appearance of the edges of the area of the cells grouped and differentiation of the cells as central and peripheral cells. Third, cavitation between the central and peripheral cells. Fourth, joining of all lumens and formation of one central canal. Apoptotic cells were identified according to the histologic criteria in the secondary neural tube and tail mesenchyme formed during the time period investigated. It was thought that these apoptotic cells were used in the normal development and control of the cell number. Neural tube defects still stay an important health problem, even though the understanding of the neurulation has advanced in the last years. Neural tube closure defects in humans may give rise to neural tube defects known as spina bifida, vertebrate defects, and in the extreme cases paralysis. In addition, defects that come to existence during the secondary neurulation are observed in clinical cases as terminal miyelosistosel and thick filum terminale syndrome. Although, mechanisms in the molecular and cellular level are now understood better, understanding of the cell behavior is important in preventing the congenital malformations. Finally, It was declared that secondary neurulation is very important in the process of neural tube formation as neural tube formation is very important in the development of a normal human. Molecular level studies can help cure neurulation pathologies.", "keywords": ["Morphology", "Veterinary Medicine", "Veteriner Hekimli\u011fi", "Eggs", "Croquet", "fatty acids", "Pearl mullet", "kroket", "Kroket", "eggs", "chemical composition", "Fatty acids", "Morfoloji", "croquets.", "amino acids", "Su \u00dcr\u00fcnleri", "Fishes", "ya\u011f asitleri", "\u0130nci kefali", "yumurta", "kimyasal kompozisyon", "Yumurtalar", "Aquatic Products", "Amino acids", "Amino asitler", "Bal\u0131klar", "amino asitler", "Ya\u011f asitleri", "Chalcalburnus tarichi"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Duyar, H\u00fcnkar Avni", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/11454/87069"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11454/87069", "name": "item", "description": "11454/87069", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11454/87069"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1959.7/uws:51687", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-24T16:24:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-05-03", "title": "Soil amendments with ethylene precursor alleviate negative impacts of salinity on soil microbial properties and productivity", "description": "AbstractSome microbes enhance stress tolerance in plants by minimizing plant ethylene levels via degradation of its immediate precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), in the rhizosphere. In return, ACC is used by these microbes as a source of nitrogen. This mutualistic relationship between plants and microbes may be used to promote soil properties in stressful environments. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amendments of ACC in soils reshape the structure of soil microbiome and alleviate the negative impacts of salinity on soil properties. We treated non-saline and artificially-developed saline soils with ACC in different concentrations for 14 days. The structure of soil microbiome, soil microbial properties and productivity were examined. Our results revealed that microbial composition of bacteria, archaea and fungi in saline soils was affected by ACC amendments; whereas community composition in non-saline soils was not affected. The amendments of ACC could not fully counteract the negative effects of salinity on soil microbial activities and productivity, but increased the abundance of ACC deaminase-encoding gene (acdS), enhanced soil microbial respiration, enzymatic activity, nitrogen and carbon cycling potentials and Arabidopsis biomass in saline soils. Collectively, our study indicates that ACC amendments in soils could efficiently ameliorate salinity impacts on soil properties and plant biomass production.Moss-cyanobacteria symbioses were proposed to be based on nutrient exchange, with hosts providing C and S while bacteria provide N, but we still lack understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of their interactions. We investigated how contact between the ubiquitous moss Hylocomium splendens and its cyanobiont affects nutrient-related gene expression of both partners. We isolated a cyanobacterium from H. splendens and co-incubated it with washed H. splendens shoots. Cyanobacterium and moss were also incubated separately. After 1\uffc2\uffa0week, we performed acetylene reduction assays to estimate N2 fixation and RNAseq to evaluate metatranscriptomes. Genes related to N2 fixation and the biosynthesis of several amino acids were up-regulated in the cyanobiont when hosted by the moss. However, S-uptake and the biosynthesis of the S-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine were down-regulated in the cyanobiont while the degradation of selenocysteine was up-regulated. In contrast, the number of differentially expressed genes in the moss was much lower, and almost no transcripts related to nutrient metabolism were affected. It is possible that, at least during the early stage of this symbiosis, the cyanobiont receives few if any nutrients from the host in return for N, suggesting that moss\uffe2\uff80\uff93cyanobacteria symbioses encompass relationships that are more plastic than a constant mutualist flow of nutrients.Rice exudation patterns changed in response to P deficiency. Higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production. Total carboxylate exudation rates mostly decreased under P-limiting conditions.
AbstractWithin the rhizosphere, root exudates are believed to play an important role in plant phosphorus (P) acquisition. This could be particularly beneficial in upland rice production where P is often limited. However, knowledge gaps remain on how P deficiency shapes quality and quantity of root exudation in upland rice genotypes. We therefore investigated growth, plant P uptake, and root exudation patterns of two rice genotypes differing in P efficiency in semi-hydroponics at two P levels (low P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff891\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M, adequate P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89100\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5M). Root exudates were collected hydroponically 28 and 40\uffc2\uffa0days after germination to analyze total carbon (C), carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic compounds spectrophotometrically and carboxylates using a targeted LC\uffe2\uff80\uff93MS approach. Despite their reported role in P solubilization, we observed that carboxylate exudation rates per unit root surface area were not increased under P deficiency. In contrast, exudation rates of total C, carbohydrates, amino acids and phenolics were mostly enhanced in response to low P supply. Overall, higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production in the P-inefficient genotype Nerica4, whereas the larger root system with lower C investment (per unit root surface area) in root exudates of the P-efficient DJ123 allowed for better plant growth under P deficiency. Our results reveal new insights into genotype-specific resource allocation in rice under P-limiting conditions that warrant follow-up research including more genotypes.
", "keywords": ["Genotype", "Hydroponics", "carbohydrates ; phenolics ; amino acids ; carboxylates ; phosphorus", "Plant Exudates", "Rhizosphere", "Original Article", "Oryza", "Phosphorus", "Biomass", "Amino Acids", "Plant Roots", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00425-024-04556-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC11499414"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Planta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC11499414", "name": "item", "description": "PMC11499414", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC11499414"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "8da97a96-6f5c-4780-8641-53e810393408", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[14.11, 52.51], [14.11, 52.52], [14.13, 52.52], [14.13, 52.51], [14.11, 52.51]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Landwirtschaft"}, {"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Laboruntersuchung"}, {"id": "Getreide"}, {"id": "Probenahme"}, {"id": "Me\u00c3\u0178technik"}, {"id": "Kohlenstoff"}, {"id": "Stickstoff"}, {"id": "Spurenelement"}, {"id": "Chemisches Element"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "agriculture"}, {"id": "Field experimentation"}, {"id": "Agricultural research"}, {"id": "Research methods"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "analysis"}, {"id": "plants"}, {"id": "laboratory techniques"}, {"id": "composition"}, {"id": "Carbon"}, {"id": "Nitrogen"}, {"id": "Elements"}, {"id": "Amino acids"}, {"id": "amino sugars"}, {"id": "Amino nitrogen"}, {"id": "Phosphorus"}, {"id": "Sulphur"}, {"id": "Magnesium"}, {"id": "Potassium"}, {"id": "Copper"}, {"id": "Manganese"}, {"id": "Zinc"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Dauerfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch"}, {"id": "DFV"}, {"id": "DDV"}, {"id": "DV"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Soil Experiment"}, {"id": "LTFE"}, {"id": "LTE"}, {"id": "LTSE"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre (www.bonares.de). These data were created as part of ZALF research activities\". Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF and Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. If access to actual data is requested, please contact the data owner/author because these underlay an embargo. Please cite as: Barkusky et al. 2018, LTFE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, Table \"Laboratory data (plants)\". 10.20387/BonaRes-BSVY-R418\n\nThis data/file was excluded from further dissemination and should no longer be used.", "updated": "2020-12-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-05-17", "language": "eng", "title": "Long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg from 1963 to 2009 - Laboratory data (plants)", "description": "This data/file has been withdrawn by the author and is no longer available for free reuse.\n\nAuthor's statement: The published LTE-data was withdrawn and replaced by an updated Version.The usability of the tables is enhanced and the experiment can be analyzed in the new Version as a single factorial experiment. The tables FAKTOR_1_STUFE and FAKTOR_2_STUFE were not longer necessary.\n\nTable with laboratory data of plant samples", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Langzeitversuch", "Landwirtschaft", "Boden", "Laboruntersuchung", "Getreide", "Probenahme", "Me\u00c3\u0178technik", "Kohlenstoff", "Stickstoff", "Spurenelement", "Chemisches Element", "agriculture", "Field experimentation", "Agricultural research", "Research methods", "analysis", "plants", "laboratory techniques", "composition", "Carbon", "Nitrogen", "Elements", "Amino acids", "amino sugars", "Amino nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "Sulphur", "Magnesium", "Potassium", "Copper", "Manganese", "Zinc", "Dauerfeldversuch", "Dauerversuch", "Langzeitfeldversuch", "Langzeitversuch", "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch", "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch", "DFV", "DDV", "DV", "Long-Term Field Experiment", "Long-Term Experiment", "Long-Term Trial", "Long-Term Field Trial", "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment", "Long-Term Soil Experiment", "LTFE", "LTE", "LTSE"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "AG - Versuchswesen Service Experimental Station M\u00fcncheberg", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Dietmar Barkusky", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ltfe-map.bonares.de/", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=8da97a96-6f5c-4780-8641-53e810393408", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/v140_mun.PNG", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/05dda4f7-17f9-4b57-bf1d-21a51725eada", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "8da97a96-6f5c-4780-8641-53e810393408", "name": "item", "description": "8da97a96-6f5c-4780-8641-53e810393408", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/8da97a96-6f5c-4780-8641-53e810393408"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1963-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2009-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "1ae61f6d-06f5-4113-9271-4eed3fb36b58", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[14.11, 52.51], [14.11, 52.52], [14.13, 52.52], [14.13, 52.51], [14.11, 52.51]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Landwirtschaft"}, {"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Laboruntersuchung"}, {"id": "Getreide"}, {"id": "Probenahme"}, {"id": "Me\u00c3\u0178technik"}, {"id": "Kohlenstoff"}, {"id": "Stickstoff"}, {"id": "Spurenelement"}, {"id": "Chemisches Element"}], "scheme": "GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "agriculture"}, {"id": "Field experimentation"}, {"id": "Agricultural research"}, {"id": "Research methods"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "analysis"}, {"id": "plants"}, {"id": "laboratory techniques"}, {"id": "composition"}, {"id": "Carbon"}, {"id": "Nitrogen"}, {"id": "Elements"}, {"id": "Amino acids"}, {"id": "amino sugars"}, {"id": "Amino nitrogen"}, {"id": "Phosphorus"}, {"id": "Sulphur"}, {"id": "Magnesium"}, {"id": "Potassium"}, {"id": "Copper"}, {"id": "Manganese"}, {"id": "Zinc"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Dauerfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitfeldversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitversuch"}, {"id": "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch"}, {"id": "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch"}, {"id": "DFV"}, {"id": "DDV"}, {"id": "DV"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Field Trial"}, {"id": "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment"}, {"id": "Long-Term Soil Experiment"}, {"id": "LTFE"}, {"id": "LTE"}, {"id": "LTSE"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "rights": "Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data re-used from the BonaRes Data Centre (www.bonares.de). These data were created as part of ZALF research activities\". Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does ZALF and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF and Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. If access to actual data is requested, please contact the data owner/author because these underlay an embargo. Please cite as: Barkusky et al. 2018, LTFE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, Table \"Laboratory data (plants)\". 10.20387/BonaRes-BSVY-R418 This data/file was excluded from further dissemination and should no longer be used. To cite the complete datacollection: Barkusky et al. (2021). LTE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, (Version 2.0). Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). DOI: 10.20387/bonares-8fhj-r52g To cite the individual table: Barkusky et al. (2021). LTE V140, ZALF M\u00fcncheberg, (Version 2.0). Table: V2_0_2012_PFLANZENLABORWERTE. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF). DOI: 10.20387/bonares-8fhj-r52g", "updated": "2021-05-03", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2018-05-17", "language": "eng", "title": "Long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg from (launched in 1963) - Laboratory data (plants)", "description": "Child table of long-term field experiment V140 Muencheberg. \n\nTable with laboratory data of plant samples. General description about the V140 experiment can be found in the table V140 - Plots. More information about database schema, assorted literature overview, the detailed location plan, etc.can be found in the supplemental material.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Langzeitversuch", "Landwirtschaft", "Boden", "Laboruntersuchung", "Getreide", "Probenahme", "Me\u00c3\u0178technik", "Kohlenstoff", "Stickstoff", "Spurenelement", "Chemisches Element", "agriculture", "Field experimentation", "Agricultural research", "Research methods", "analysis", "plants", "laboratory techniques", "composition", "Carbon", "Nitrogen", "Elements", "Amino acids", "amino sugars", "Amino nitrogen", "Phosphorus", "Sulphur", "Magnesium", "Potassium", "Copper", "Manganese", "Zinc", "Dauerfeldversuch", "Dauerversuch", "Langzeitfeldversuch", "Langzeitversuch", "Dauerd\u00fcngungversuch", "Langzeitd\u00fcngungsversuch", "DFV", "DDV", "DV", "Long-Term Field Experiment", "Long-Term Experiment", "Long-Term Trial", "Long-Term Field Trial", "Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment", "Long-Term Soil Experiment", "LTFE", "LTE", "LTSE"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Experimental Station M\u00fcncheberg (Service)", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Experimental Infrastructure Platform", "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Dietmar Barkusky", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 168"}], "emails": [{"value": "dbarkusky@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ltfe-map.bonares.de/", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=1ae61f6d-06f5-4113-9271-4eed3fb36b58", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/v140_mun_v2.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e1562f46-4a0d-4d8a-ac13-44cb47366e36", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1ae61f6d-06f5-4113-9271-4eed3fb36b58", "name": "item", "description": "1ae61f6d-06f5-4113-9271-4eed3fb36b58", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1ae61f6d-06f5-4113-9271-4eed3fb36b58"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1963-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2012-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=amino+acids&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=amino+acids&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=amino+acids&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=amino+acids&offset=17", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 17, "numberReturned": 17, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-25T10:59:47.652821Z"}