{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-11", "title": "Hydrolase Activities, Microbial Biomass And Bacterial Community In A Soil After Long-Term Amendment With Different Composts", "description": "Open AccessThe use of composts in agricultural soils is a widespread practice and the positive effects on soil and plants are known from numerous studies. However, there have been few attempts to compare the effects of different kinds of composts in one single study. The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent and to which soil depth four major types of composts would affect the soil and its microbiota. In a crop-rotation field experiment, composts produced from (i) urban organic wastes, (ii) green wastes, (iii) manure and (iv) sewage sludge were applied at a rate equivalent to 175 kg N ha\u22121 yr\u22121 for 12 years. General (total organic C (Corg), total N (Nt), microbial biomass C (Cmic), and basal respiration), specific (enzyme activities related to C, N and P cycles), biochemical properties and bacterial genetic diversity (based on DGGE analysis of 16S rDNA) were analyzed at different depths (0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330 cm). Compost treatment increased Corg at all depths from 11 g kg\u22121 for control soil to 16.7 g kg\u22121 for the case of sewage sludge compost. Total N increased with compost treatment at 0\u201310 cm and 10\u201320 cm depths, but not at 20\u201330 cm. Basal respiration and Cmic declined with depth, and the composts resulted in an increase of Cmic and basal respiration. Enzyme activities were different depend on the enzyme and among compost treatments, but in general, the enzyme activities were higher in the upper layers (0\u201310 and 10\u201320 cm) than in the 20\u201330 cm layer. Diversity of ammonia oxidizers and bacteria was lower in the control than in the compost soils. The type of compost had less influence on the composition of the microbial communities than did soil depth.", "keywords": ["PCR-DGGE", "2. Zero hunger", "Microbial activity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Composts", "Hydrolase activities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bacterial communities", "6. Clean water", "Ammonia oxidizers", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.05.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.16989", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-10-27", "title": "Shifts in soil ammonia\u2010oxidizing community maintain the nitrogen stimulation of nitrification across climatic conditions", "description": "Abstract

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading alters soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) abundances, likely leading to substantial changes in soil nitrification. However, the factors and mechanisms determining the responses of soil AOA:AOB and nitrification to N loading are still unclear, making it difficult to predict future changes in soil nitrification. Herein, we synthesize\uffc2\uffa068 field studies around the world to evaluate the impacts of N loading on soil ammonia oxidizers and nitrification. Across a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors, climate is the most important driver of the responses of AOA:AOB to N loading. Climate does not directly affect the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90stimulation of nitrification, but does so via climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90related shifts in AOA:AOB. Specifically, climate modulates the responses of AOA:AOB to N loading by affecting soil pH, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability and moisture. AOB play a dominant role in affecting nitrification in dry climates, while the impacts from AOA can exceed AOB in humid climates. Together, these results suggest that climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90related shifts in soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing community maintain the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90stimulation of nitrification, highlighting the importance of microbial community composition in mediating the responses of the soil N cycle to N loading.Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading alters soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) abundances, likely leading to substantial changes in soil nitrification. However, the factors and mechanisms determining the responses of soil AOA:AOB and nitrification to N loading are still unclear, making it difficult to predict future changes in soil nitrification. Herein, we synthesize\uffc2\uffa068 field studies around the world to evaluate the impacts of N loading on soil ammonia oxidizers and nitrification. Across a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors, climate is the most important driver of the responses of AOA:AOB to N loading. Climate does not directly affect the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90stimulation of nitrification, but does so via climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90related shifts in AOA:AOB. Specifically, climate modulates the responses of AOA:AOB to N loading by affecting soil pH, N\uffe2\uff80\uff90availability and moisture. AOB play a dominant role in affecting nitrification in dry climates, while the impacts from AOA can exceed AOB in humid climates. Together, these results suggest that climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90related shifts in soil ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing community maintain the N\uffe2\uff80\uff90stimulation of nitrification, highlighting the importance of microbial community composition in mediating the responses of the soil N cycle to N loading.