Quantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the 15N:14N ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP) and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in 15N than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8\uffc2\uffb0C, soil \uffce\uffb415N was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil \uffce\uffb415N showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss.
", "keywords": ["N-15 Natural-Abundance", "550", "Ecosystem ecology", "TROPICAL FORESTS", "Organic chemistry", "Suelo", "Nitrogen cycle", "01 natural sciences", "Nutrient cycle", "cycle de l'azote", "CARBON", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "Isotopes", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "Soil water", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE", "Climate change", "croisement de donn\u00e9es", "Milieux et Changements globaux", "SDG 15 \u2013 Leben an Land", "Global change", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Climatic Factors", "Tropical Forests", "Ecology", "Geography", "Nitr\u00f3geno", "Nutrient Cycling", "FRACTIONATION", "Litter Decomposition", "ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY", "Life Sciences", "ecosystem ecology", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Is\u00f3topos", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Soil carbon", "6. Clean water", "Organic-Matter", "Earth and Planetary Sciences", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Chemistry", "PRECIPITATION", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "Physical Sciences", "106022 Microbiology", "carbone du sol", "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation", "Ecosystem Functioning", "570", "STABLE ISOTOPE", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Stable isotope analysis", "Nitrogen", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil Science", "stable isotope analysis;ecosystem ecology", "Article", "Environmental science", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "sol min\u00e9ral", "INORGANIC NITROGEN", "Geochemistry and Petrology", "stable isotope analysis", "Carbono", "Environmental Chemistry", "Factores Clim\u00e1ticos", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "climat", "AVAILABILITY", "Nitrogen Dynamics", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Inorganic", "NITROGEN", "MODEL", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "PATTERNS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://scholars.unh.edu/context/faculty_pubs/article/1042/viewcontent/srep08280.pdf"}, {"href": "https://edoc.unibas.ch/37215/1/srep08280.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08280"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/srep08280", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/srep08280", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/srep08280"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Root Growth And Function Of Three Mojave Desert Grasses In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Concentration", "description": "Root growth and physiological responses to elevated CO2 were investigated for three important Mojave Desert grasses: the C3 perennial Achnatherum hymenoides, the C4 perennial Pleuraphis rigida and the C3 annual Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens. Seeds of each species were grown at ambient (360 \uffce\uffbcl l\uffe2\uff88\uff921) or elevated (1000 \uffce\uffbcl l\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 in a glasshouse and harvested at three phenological stages: vegetative, anthesis and seed fill. Because P. rigida did not flower during the course of this study, harvests for this species represent three vegetative stages. Primary productivity was increased in both C3 grasses in response to elevated CO2 (40 and 19% for A. hymenoides and B. rubens, respectively), but root biomass increased only in the C3 perennial grass. Neither above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground nor below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass of the C4 perennial grass was significantly affected by the CO2 treatment. Elevated CO2 did not significantly affect root surface area for any species. Total plant nitrogen was also not statistically different between CO2 treatments for any species, indicating no enhanced uptake of N under elevated CO2. Physiological uptake capacities for NO3 and NH4 were not affected by the CO2 treatment during the second harvest; measurements were not made for the first harvest. However, at the third harvest uptake capacity was significantly decreased in response to elevated CO2 for at least one N form in each species. NO3 uptake rates were lower in A. hymenoides and P. rigida, and NH4 uptake rates were lower in B. rubens at elevated CO2. Nitrogen uptake on a whole root\uffe2\uff80\uff90system basis (NO3+NH4 uptake capacity \uffc3\uff97 root biomass) was influenced positively by elevated CO2 only for A. hymenoides after anthesis. These results suggest that elevated CO2 may result in a competitive advantage for A. hymenoides relative to species that do not increase root\uffe2\uff80\uff90system N uptake capacity. Root respiration measurements normalized to 20 \uffc2\uffb0C were not significantly affected by the CO2 treatment. However, specific root respiration was significantly correlated with either root C\uffe2\uff88\uffb6N ratio or root water content when all data per species were included within a simple regression model. The results of this study provide little evidence for up\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of root physiology in response to elevated CO2 and indicate that root biomass responses to CO2 are species\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "ABSORPTION D'AZOTE", "CO2", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy", "[SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro/2009039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-10", "title": "Biofuels, Greenhouse Gases And Climate Change. A Review", "description": "Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass, mostly in liquid form, within a time frame sufficiently short to consider that their feedstock (biomass) can be renewed, contrarily to fossil fuels. This paper reviews the current and future biofuel technologies, and their development impacts (including on the climate) within given policy and economic frameworks. Current technologies make it possible to provide first generation biodiesel, ethanol or biogas to the transport sector to be blended with fossil fuels. Still under-development 2nd generation biofuels from lignocellulose should be available on the market by 2020. Research is active on the improvement of their conversion efficiency. A ten-fold increase compared with current cost-effective capacities would make them highly competitive. Within bioenergy policies, emphasis has been put on biofuels for transportation as this sector is fast-growing and represents a major source of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with fossil fuels, biofuel combustion can emit less greenhouse gases throughout their life cycle, considering that part of the emitted CO2 returns to the atmosphere where it was fixed from by photosynthesis in the first place. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is commonly used to assess the potential environmental impacts of biofuel chains, notably the impact on global warming. This tool, whose holistic nature is fundamental to avoid pollution trade-offs, is a standardised methodology that should make comparisons between biofuel and fossil fuel chains objective and thorough. However, it is a complex and time-consuming process, which requires lots of data, and whose methodology is still lacking harmonisation. Hence the life-cycle performances of biofuel chains vary widely in the literature. Furthermore, LCA is a site- and timeindependent tool that cannot take into account the spatial and temporal dimensions of emissions, and can hardly serve as a decision-making tool either at local or regional levels. Focusing on greenhouse gases, emission factors used in LCAs give a rough estimate of the potential average emissions on a national level. However, they do not take into account the types of crop, soil or management practices, for instance. Modelling the impact of local factors on the determinism of greenhouse gas emissions can provide better estimates for LCA on the local level, which would be the relevant scale and degree of reliability for decision-making purposes. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of the processes involved, most notably N2O emissions, is still needed to definitely improve the accuracy of LCA. Perennial crops are a promising option for biofuels, due to their rapid and efficient use of nitrogen, and their limited farming operations. However, the main overall limiting factor to biofuel development will ultimately be land availability. Given the available land areas, population growth rate and consumption behaviours, it would be possible to reach by 2030 a global 10% biofuel share in the transport sector, contributing to lower global greenhouse gas emissions by up to 1 GtCO2 eq.year\u22121 (IEA, 2006), provided that harmonised policies ensure that sustainability criteria for the production systems are respected worldwide. Furthermore, policies should also be more integrative across sectors, so that changes in energy efficiency, the automotive sector and global consumption patterns converge towards drastic reduction of the pressure on resources. Indeed, neither biofuels nor other energy source or carriers are likely to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic pressure on resources in a range that would compensate for this pressure growth. Hence, the first step is to reduce this pressure by starting from the variable that drives it up, i.e. anthropic consumptions.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "AGRICULTURAL PRATICES", "P05 - Ressources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques et leur gestion", "P06 - Sources d'\u00e9nergie renouvelable", "NITROUS OXIDE", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "CLIMATE CHANGE", "BIOFUELS", "710", "02 engineering and technology", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16181", "7. Clean energy", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2570", "land-use change", "CARBON DIOXIDE", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "gaz \u00e0 effet de serre", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018", "\u00e9nergie renouvelable", "POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORKS", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27465", "bioenergy potential", "nitrous oxide", "LCA", "BIOENERGY POTENTIAL", "LAND-USE CHANGE", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "source d'\u00e9nergie", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926", "climate change", "politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique", "perennials", "ENERGY CROPS", "GREENHOUSE GASES", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28744", "oxyde d'azote", "P40 - M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie et climatologie", "PERENNIALS", "agricultural practices", "pollution par l'agriculture", "12. Responsible consumption", "dioxyde de carbone", "greenhouse gases", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25719", "biomasse", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666", "AGRONOMIE", "political and economic frameworks", "energy crops", "pratique culturale", "bio\u00e9nergie", "660", "carbon dioxide", "biofuels", "biocarburant", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16002", "13. Climate action", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16526"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/cirad-00749753/file/Article_ASD.2010.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro/2009039"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro/2009039", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro/2009039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro/2009039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest/2009083", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-23", "title": "Effects Of Stand Density On Ecosystem Properties Of Subalpine Forests In The Southern Rocky Mountains, Usa", "description": "Open AccessMixed coniferous, subalpine forest communities in the Rocky Mountains are historically dense and have experienced infrequent, high-severity fire. However, many of these high-elevation stands are thinned for a number of perceived benefits.* We explored the effects of forest stand density on ecosystem properties in subalpine forests in Colorado, USA, 17-18 y after forests were managed for timber.* Forest structure significantly altered the composition and chemical signature of plant communities. Previously managed stands contained lower density of overstory trees and higher ground cover compared to paired reference stands. Foliar phenolic concentration of several species was negatively related to basal area of overstory trees. Furthermore, reductions in stand density increased total foliar phenolic:nitrogen ratios in some species, suggesting that gap formation may drive long-term changes in litter quality. Despite significant changes in forest structure, reductions in stand density did not leave a strong legacy in surface soil properties, likely due to the integrity of soil organic matter reserves.* Changes in forest structure associated with past management has left a long-term impact on plant communities but has only subtly altered soil nutrient cycling, possibly due to trade offs between litter decomposability and microclimate associated with reductions in canopy cover.", "keywords": ["cycle de l'azote du sol", "0106 biological sciences", "biog\u00e9ochimie", "biogeochemistryIn Brazil, mostEucalyptusstands have been planted on Cerrado (shrubby savanna) or on Cerrado converted into pasture. Case studies are needed to assess the effect of such land use changes on soil fertility and C sequestration. In this study, the influence of Cerrado land development (pasture andEucalyptusplantations) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) stocks were quantified in southern Brazil. Two contrasted silvicultural practices were also compared: 60\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90rotation silviculture (EUCSR) versus 60\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of continuous growth (EUCHF). C and N soil concentrations and bulk densities were measured and modelled for each vegetation type, and SOC and SON stocks were calculated down to a depth of 1\uffe2\uff80\uff83m by a continuous function.
Changes in SOC and SON stocks mainly occurred in the forest floor (no litter in pasture and up to 0.87\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922and 0.01\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922in EUCSR) and upper soil horizons. C and N stocks and their confidence intervals were greatly influenced by the methodology used to compute these layers. C/N ratio and13C analysis showed that down to a depth of 30\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm, the Cerrado organic matter was replaced by organic matter from newly introduced vegetation by as much as 75\uffe2\uff80\uff93100% for pasture and about 50% for EUCHF, poorer in N forEucalyptusstands (C/N larger than 18 forEucalyptusstands). Under pasture, 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm SON stocks (0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) were between 10 and 20% greater than those of the Cerrado (0.21\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), partly due to soil compaction (limit bulk density at soil surface from 1.23 for the Cerrado to 1.34 for pasture). Land development on the Cerrado increased SOC stocks in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm layer by between 15 and 25% (from 2.99 (Cerrado) to 3.86 (EUCSR)\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). When including litter layers, total 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm carbon stocks increased by 35% for EUCHF(4.50\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) and 53% for EUCSR(5.08\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), compared with the Cerrado (3.28\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), independently of soil compaction.
", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7071", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5192", "STOCKS ET FLUX", "stockage", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "910", "ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS", "utilisation des terres", "p\u00e2turages", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7427", "MANAGEMENT", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5626", "savane", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "azote", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "340", "CONGO", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "FOREST", "sylviculture", "K10 - Production foresti\u00e8re", "TREE PLANTATIONS", "CONVERSION", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1070", "13. Climate action", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "AFFORESTATION", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6825", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "EASTERN AUSTRALIA", "P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources fonci\u00e8res", "carbone", "impact sur l'environnement", "plantations", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7156", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5990", "LEAF-LITTER", "STORAGE", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2683"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01059.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01059.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01059.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01059.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-17", "title": "Global Change Could Amplify Fire Effects On Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "description": "Open AccessBackground Little is known about the combined impacts of global environmental changes and ecological disturbances on ecosystem functioning, even though such combined impacts might play critical roles in shaping ecosystem processes that can in turn feed back to climate change, such as soil emissions of greenhouse gases. Methodology/Principal Findings We took advantage of an accidental, low-severity wildfire that burned part of a long-term global change experiment to investigate the interactive effects of a fire disturbance and increases in CO2 concentration, precipitation and nitrogen supply on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in a grassland ecosystem. We examined the responses of soil N2O emissions, as well as the responses of the two main microbial processes contributing to soil N2O production \u2013 nitrification and denitrification \u2013 and of their main drivers. We show that the fire disturbance greatly increased soil N2O emissions over a three-year period, and that elevated CO2 and enhanced nitrogen supply amplified fire effects on soil N2O emissions: emissions increased by a factor of two with fire alone and by a factor of six under the combined influence of fire, elevated CO2 and nitrogen. We also provide evidence that this response was caused by increased microbial denitrification, resulting from increased soil moisture and soil carbon and nitrogen availability in the burned and fertilized plots. Conclusions/Significance Our results indicate that the combined effects of fire and global environmental changes can exceed their effects in isolation, thereby creating unexpected feedbacks to soil greenhouse gas emissions. These findings highlight the need to further explore the impacts of ecological disturbances on ecosystem functioning in the context of global change if we wish to be able to model future soil greenhouse gas emissions with greater confidence.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "effet de serre", "sol", "Internationality", "Time Factors", "550", "Nitrogen", "QH301 Biology", "Science", "Nitrous Oxide", "incendie", "Fires", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "dioxyde de carbone", "11. Sustainability", "Chemical Precipitation", "Soil Microbiology", "azote", "2. Zero hunger", "Q", "R", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "\u00e9mission", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "pr\u00e9cipitation atmosph\u00e9rique", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "GE Environmental Sciences", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://hal.science/halsde-00723483/file/2011_Niboyet_Plosone_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/1706/7/Niboyet_A_etal_2011_Global_change_amplify_fire%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020105"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0020105", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0020105"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-06-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:27Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Analyses physico-chimiques des sites du R\u00e9seau de Mesures de la Qualit\u00e9 des Sols (RMQS) du territoire m\u00e9tropolitain pour la 1\u00e8re campagne (2000-2009), avec coordonn\u00e9es th\u00e9oriques", "description": "Le R\u00e9seau de mesures de la qualit\u00e9 des sols (RMQS) est un programme national d\u2019\u00e9valuation et de suivi \u00e0 long terme de la qualit\u00e9 des sols fran\u00e7ais. Ce r\u00e9seau repose sur le suivi de 2240 sites repr\u00e9sentatifs des sols fran\u00e7ais et de leurs occupations, r\u00e9partis sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire fran\u00e7ais (m\u00e9tropole et outre-mer) selon une grille syst\u00e9matique de 16 km de c\u00f4t\u00e9. Les sites recouvrent diverses occupations (grandes cultures, prairies permanentes, for\u00eats, vignes et vergers, milieux peu anthropis\u00e9s, parcs urbains). Des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques, chimiques et biologiques des sols sont mesur\u00e9es sur chaque site, par campagne. Ces analyses sont associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la recherche des facteurs explicatifs de la variabilit\u00e9 spatiale et temporelle des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s des sols (variables biophysiques, sources de contamination, historique de l\u2019occupation et des pratiques de gestion de chaque site). La premi\u00e8re campagne de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement en m\u00e9tropole s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e de 2000 \u00e0 2009. Cette campagne, ax\u00e9e sur la contamination des sols, a permis de cartographier les principaux param\u00e8tres p\u00e9dologiques (28 variables) ainsi que les teneurs en 12 \u00e9l\u00e9ments traces m\u00e9talliques (ETM) en extraction totale ou partielle et 70 polluants organiques persistants. L\u2019ensemble des pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements, mesures et observations r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur chaque site durant cette campagne est d\u00e9taill\u00e9 dans le Manuel de la premi\u00e8re campagne du R\u00e9seau de Mesures de la Qualit\u00e9 des Sols . La deuxi\u00e8me campagne a d\u00e9marr\u00e9 en 2016 et devrait s\u2019\u00e9tendre sur 12 ans. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es fourni comprend les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019analyses issus de 2171 sites de m\u00e9tropole, r\u00e9partis sur 2146 cellules et correspondant \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re campagne RMQS (2000 -2009) et pour les param\u00e8tres suivants : granulom\u00e9trie 5 fractions, carbone et azote totaux, capacit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9change cationique et cations \u00e9changeables, calcaire total, pH eau, phosphore assimilable (P2O5), fer libre, \u00e9l\u00e9ments majeurs totaux et \u00e9l\u00e9ments traces m\u00e9talliques totaux et une partie des ETM en extraction partielle, conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique et \u00e9l\u00e9ments solubles \u00e0 l\u2019eau pour une s\u00e9lection de sites concern\u00e9s. Les analyses ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur des \u00e9chantillons composites pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s \u00e0 la tari\u00e8re selon deux couches de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement (0-30 cm ou couche travaill\u00e9e en sol cultiv\u00e9, appel\u00e9e composite de surface ou composite 1 et la couche sous-jacente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 50 cm, appel\u00e9e composite de sub-surface ou composite 2). Chaque \u00e9chantillon composite a \u00e9t\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 \u00e0 partir du m\u00e9lange de 25 pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements individuels pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s sur une surface d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage de 400 m\u00b2 selon un plan d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage al\u00e9atoire stratifi\u00e9 (voir description dans le manuel du RMQS). Une troisi\u00e8me couche de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement issue d\u2019\u00e9chantillons composites a pu \u00eatre constitu\u00e9e en for\u00eat ou en prairie, \u00e0 partir des horizons holorganiques (correspondant aux horizons p\u00e9dologiques OF et OH) lorsque ces horizons \u00e9taient suffisamment \u00e9pais (au moins 1 cm) et continus sur la surface d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage. English version The French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS) is a national program for the assessment and long-term monitoring of the quality of French soils. This network is based on the monitoring of 2240 sites representative of French soils and their land use. These sites are spread over the whole French territory (metropolitan and overseas) along a systematic square grid of 16 km x 16 km cells. The network covers a broad spectrum of climatic, soil and land-use conditions (croplands, permanent grasslands, woodlands, orchards and vineyards, natural or scarcely anthropogenic land and urban parkland). The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are measured on each site, during the first campaign et presently on the second campaign. The spatial and temporal variability of soil properties are explained by biophysical variables, sources of contamination, history of land-use and management practices on each plot. The first sampling campaign in metropolitan France took place from 2000 to 2009. This campaign focused on soil contamination assessment and made it possible to map key soil parameters (28 variables) as well as 12 trace metal elements and 70 persistent organic pollutants. The sampling method, measurements and observations on each site are described in the \u201cRMQS guidelines\u201d1 (in French: \u201cmanuel du RMQS\u201d). The second campaign started in 2016 and should last 12 years. The dataset includes the results of soil analyses from 2171 sites, spread over 2146 cells and corresponding to the first RMQS campaign (2000-2009). Analysed parameters are particle size analysis (5 fractions), total carbon and nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations, total calcium carbonates, pH in water, available P2O5, free iron, total major elements and trace elements (total and partial extraction). The soil tests were carried out on composite samples collected with an auger at two sampling layers: 0-30 cm or cultivated layer named \u201cupper layer\u201d or \u201clayer 1\u201d and 30-50 cm named \u201csubsoil layer\u201d or \u201clayer 2\u201d. Each composite sample was made up of 25 individual sample cores taken on a sampling area of 400 m\u00b2, using an unaligned systematic sampling design (see description in the RMQS guidelines). In some cases a third layer was made up of holorganic layers in forests or meadows, corresponding to pedological horizons OF and OH, when these layers were sufficiently thick, (at least 1 cm) and continuous over the sampling area.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "sol", "pH du sol", "p\u00e9dologie (geosciences)", "TER sciences du sol", "capacit\u00e9 d \u00e9change cationique", "fer", "carbonate", "granulom\u00e9trie du sol", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "conductivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique", "p\u00e9dologie geosciences", "carbone du sol", "phosphore du sol", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "azote du sol", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Association marnaise de d\u00e9veloppement agricole et viticole, Association pour la Relance Agronomique en Alsace (ARAA), Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture des Ardennes, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Aube, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture du Calvados, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Charente, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Charente-Maritime, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture du Cher, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Corr\u00e8ze, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la C\u00f4te d'Or, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Creuse, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture des Deux-S\u00e8vres, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Eure, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Eure-et-Loir, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Haute-Marne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Haute-Vienne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Indre, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Loire-Atlantique, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Mayenne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Manche, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Mayenne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Ni\u00e8vre, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Orne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Sa\u00f4ne-et-Loire, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Seine-et-Marne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Seine-Maritime, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de Vend\u00e9e, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de la Vienne, Chambre D\u00e9partementale d'Agriculture de l'Yonne, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Lorraine, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Picardie, Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Poitou-Charentes, Conseil G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Mayenne, \u00c9cole nationale d'ing\u00e9nieurs des travaux agricoles de Bordeaux (ENITAB), EDIACARA, \u00c9tablissement national d'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Genevois-Gomendy-Sol et Environnement, Groupe R\u00e9gional Agronomie P\u00e9dologie Environnement (GRAPE Franche-Comt\u00e9), Institut Forestier National (IFN), Institut National d'Horticulture d'Angers (INH), Institut National Polytechnique - Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure d'Agronomie de Toulouse (INP-ENSAT), Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Agriculture de Lille (ISA), SCITERRE, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du Canal de Provence et d'Am\u00e9nagement de la R\u00e9gion Proven\u00e7ale (SCP), Sol Info Rh\u00f4ne Alpes - Chambre R\u00e9gionale d'Agriculture de Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes (SIRA),", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/QSXKGA"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/QSXKGA", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/QSXKGA"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:04:45Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Unite Exp\u00e9rimentale RGCO de Ploudaniel : Donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es dans le cadre des \u00e9tudes de sol du r\u00e9seau CAREX", "description": "Ces donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es pour la caract\u00e9risation des sols et de leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale INRAE RGCO de Ploudaniel. L\u2019\u00e9tude a port\u00e9 sur 67 ha. Les donn\u00e9es contiennent des informations ponctuelles issues d\u2019observations et d\u2019analyses sur 69 sondages et 14 profils p\u00e9dologiques. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es contient \u00e9galement des donn\u00e9es surfaciques : r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9s \u00e9lectriques spatiales, carte des types de sols classifi\u00e9s par Unit\u00e9s Typologiques de Sols (UTS).", "keywords": ["pH du sol", "structure du sol", "potentiel matriciel", "masse volumique du sol", "horizon", "type de sol", "carbonate", "carbone organique du sol", "propriet\u00e9s physico-chimiques du sol", "g\u00e9ologie", "phosphore du sol", "azote total", "point de fl\u00e9trissement permanent", "carte p\u00e9dologique", "r\u00e9tention hydrique du sol", "propriet\u00e9 hydrique du sol", "capacit\u00e9 au champ", "teneur en argile", "carbone total", "granulom\u00e9trie du sol", "hydromorphie", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel p\u00e9dologique", "unit\u00e9 typologique de sol UTS", "r\u00e9sisitivit\u00e9 \u00e9l\u00e9ctrique", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "texture", "occupation du sol"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mistou Marie-Noel, Girot Ghislain, Seger Maud, Laloua Didier, Le Lay Christian, Gaillard Herv\u00e9, Heller Renaud, Sherif Rehanna, Kermarrec Dominique, Levardois Kevin, Chauvin Jean-Eric,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.57745/HRCQL8"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "name": "item", "description": "10.57745/HRCQL8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.57745/HRCQL8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.57745/2V46MF", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T07:04:45Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale d'Epoisses : Donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es dans le cadre des \u00e9tudes de sol du r\u00e9seau CAREX", "description": "Ces donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es pour la caract\u00e9risation des sols et de leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'Unit\u00e9 Exp\u00e9rimentale INRAE d'Epoisse (commune de Breteni\u00e8re, C\u00f4te d'Or, France). L\u2019\u00e9tude a port\u00e9 sur 120 ha. Les donn\u00e9es contiennent des informations ponctuelles issues d\u2019observations et d\u2019analyses sur 92 sondages et 12 profils p\u00e9dologiques. Le jeu de donn\u00e9es contient \u00e9galement des donn\u00e9es surfaciques : r\u00e9sistivit\u00e9s \u00e9lectriques spatiales, carte des types de sols classifi\u00e9s par Unit\u00e9s Typologiques de Sols (UTS).", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "pH du sol", "structure du sol", "potentiel matriciel", "masse volumique du sol", "horizon", "type de sol", "carbonate", "granulometrie du sol", "carbone organique du sol", "propriet\u00e9s physico-chimiques du sol", "g\u00e9ologie", "azote total", "r\u00e9sisitivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique", "carte p\u00e9dologique", "r\u00e9tention hydrique du sol", "propriet\u00e9 hydrique du sol", "capacit\u00e9 au champ", "teneur en argile", "capacit\u00e9 d \u00e9change cationique", "carbone total", "hydromorphie", "point fl\u00e9trissement permanent", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "propriet\u00e9s physico chimiques du sol", "r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel p\u00e9dologique", "unit\u00e9 typologique de sol UTS", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "capacit\u00e9 d'\u00e9change cationique", "texture", "occupation du sol", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Seger, Maud, Girot, Ghislain, Mistou, Marie-No\u00ebl, Laloua, Didier, Le Lay, Christian, Gaillard, Herv\u00e9, Ubertosi, Marjorie, Coffin, Arnaud, Hugard, Rodolphe,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.57745/2V46MF"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.57745/2V46MF", "name": "item", "description": "10.57745/2V46MF", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.57745/2V46MF"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=azote&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=azote&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=azote&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=azote&offset=21", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 21, "numberReturned": 21, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-31T13:08:56.329439Z"}