Particle finite element method (PFEM) is an effective numerical tool for solving large-deformation problems in geomechanics. By incorporating the node integration technique with strain smoothing into the PFEM, we proposed the smoothed particle ?nite element method (SPFEM). This paper extends the SPFEM to three-dimensional cases and presents a SPFEM executed on graphics processing units (GPUs) to boost the computational efficiency. The detailed parallel computing strategy on GPU is introduced. New computation formulations related to the strain smoothing technique are proposed to save memory space in the GPU parallel computing. Several benchmark problems are solved to validate the proposed approach and to evaluate the GPU acceleration performance. Numerical examples show that with the new formulations not only the memory space can be saved but also the computational efficiency is improved. The computational cost is reduced by 70% for the double-precision GPU parallel computing with the new formulations.
", "keywords": ["Civil and Environmental Engineering", "bepress|Engineering", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Computational Engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Geotechnical Engineering", "Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering", "0203 mechanical engineering", "bepress|Engineering|Computational Engineering", "bepress|Engineering|Civil and Environmental Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering|Civil and Environmental Engineering|Geotechnical Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering|Computational Engineering", "engrXiv|Engineering|Civil and Environmental Engineering", "bepress|Engineering|Civil and Environmental Engineering|Geotechnical Engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103856"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Computers%20and%20Geotechnics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103856", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103856", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103856"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.powtec.2020.09.046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-09-22T16:16:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-11", "title": "A surface mesh represented discrete element method (SMR-DEM) for particles of arbitrary shape", "description": "A surface mesh represented discrete element method (SMR-DEM) for granular systems with arbitrarily shaped particles is presented. The particle surfaces are approximated using contact nodes obtained from surface mesh. A hybrid contact method which combines the benefits of the sphere-to-sphere and shpere-to-surface approaches is proposed for contact detection and force computation. The simple formulation and implementation render SMR-DEM suitable for threedimensional simulations. Furthermore, GPU parallelization is employed to achieve higher efficiency. Several numerical examples are presented to show the performance of SMR-DEM. It is found that on the particle level the method is accurate and convergent, while on the system level SMR-DEM can effiectively model particle assemblies of various regular and complex irregular shapes.
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