{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "The legume choice in a relay intercropping system with durum wheat determines the economic viability of this IWM strategy in a Mediterranean low-input cropping system", "description": "Several studies support the environmental sustainability of relay intercropping of cereals with subsidiary legumes. However, the question whether the relay intercropping is also sustainable from an economic point of view remains to be answered. The objective of this study was to make an economical evaluation at cropping system level of eight different legumes species. In this study these legumes were evaluated taking into account the impact of the legumes on the co-cultivated wheat and on the following summer crop, forage sorghum. We assumed that annual, annual self-seeding, and perennial legumes work differently and bring different margins, allowing to identify the most cost-effective ones. Our hypothesis was therefore that the cost due to the relay intercropping can be balanced by the ecosystem services it provides, if suitable legumes are chosen.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Intercropping", "IWM", "Crop diversification", "Economic sustainability", " crop diversification", " subsidiary legumes", " living mulch", " cover crops", " agroecology", " gross income", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leoni, Federico, Triboulet, Pauline, Moonen, Anna-Camilla,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517384"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/19th%20EWRS%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7517384"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7517468", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Selection of suitable legumes for relay intercropping with durum wheat in mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems", "description": "The increased interest in sustainable agricultural systems has led to significant developments in cropping practices that allow to preserve crop productivity and reduce the reliance on herbicides and nitrogen fertilizers. Relay intercropping of legumes in wheat may represent a proficient practice to maintain crop productivity, improve soil fertility and support weed control at crop rotation level, if appropriate associated legumes are used. The objective of this study is to select suited legumes for relay intercropping with durum wheat in central Italy among a wide range of taxa (Medicago sativa, Medicago varia, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium repens, Hedysarum coronarium, Trifolium alexandrinum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium resupinatum, Vicia villosa, Medicago polymorpha, Medicago rotata, Medicago scutellata, Medicago truncatula, and, 3 subsp. of Trifolium subterraneum). This study was carried out at the Centre for Agro-Environmental Research \u201cEnrico Avanzi\u201d in Pisa (Italy) in 2017/18 and repeated in the 2018/19 cropping season. According to the results obtained during 2017/18, legumes were reduced in 2018/19 excluding the least performing ones. The experiment was organized in a randomized complete block design with four replicates and the sole wheat crop as control. No pesticides or fertilizers were used. The evaluation was focused on i) legume establishment in the already developed wheat, ii) grain production and quality, iii) weed control before and after the wheat harvest, iv) legume persistence and growth after wheat harvest and, v) effects on the following crop. Legumes, indeed, were incorporated into the soil the following spring and forage sorghum was seeded. Results of this study showed that relay intercropped legumes preserved wheat production and reduced weed biomass up to the 70% in comparison with the control. After wheat harvest legumes persisted in the field, as dead mulch or cover crop according to the different life cycle of the tested legumes, until the sowing of sorghum. Dead mulch of annual legumes resulted unsuitable to contrast weeds while, perennial and annual self-seeding legumes as M.polymorpha and T.subterraneum, showed overall good weed control and biomass accumulation. Legume biomass at spring soil incorporation, was the most important factor related with sorghum production. Sorghum, preceded by T. subterranum, H. coronarium and T. repens, had a higher biomass production than the control and was comparable with the productive level that can be obtained under conventional systems. The overall assessment of legumes used in this study, allows to select the most suited ones for relay intercropping with durum wheat for the local environmental condition.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cover crops", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "Weed control", "Relay intercropping"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leoni, Federico, Mariateresa Lazzaro, Carlesi, Stefano, Moonen, Anna-Camilla,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517468"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/19th%20EWRS%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7517468", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7517468", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7517468"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5424/sjar/2012103-562-11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:23:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-01", "description": "<p>The maintenance of plant cover between olive grove lanes until the beginning of spring is a soil management alternative that is gradually being adopted by olive growers. As well as protecting the soil from erosion, plant covers have other advantages such as improving the physicochemical properties of the soil, favouring its biodiversity and contributing towards the capturing of atmospheric carbon and its fixation in the soil. A trial was conducted over three growing seasons in an olive plantation situated in southern Spain. It was designed to evaluate the C fixation potential of the residues of the cover species Brachypodium distachyon, Eruca vesicaria, Sinapis alba and of spontaneous weeds; and also to study the decomposition dynamics of plant residues after mowing cover. After 156 and 171 days of decomposition, the species that released the largest amount of C was Brachypodium with values of 2,157 and 1,666 kg ha-1 respectively, while the lowest values of 461 and 509 kg ha-1 were obtained by spontaneous weeds. During the third season (163 days of decomposition) and due to the weather conditions restricting the emergence and growth of cover, spontaneous weeds released the most C with a value of 1,494 kg ha-1. With respect to the fixation of C, Sinapis records the best results with an increase in soil organic C (SOC) concentration of 7,690 kg ha-1. Considering the three seasons and a depth of 20 cm, the behaviour sequence of the different species in favouring the fixation of soil organic C was Sinapis&gt;Brachypodium&gt;spontaneous weeds&gt;Eruca.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "carbono liberado; cubierta vegetal; fijaci\u00f3n de carbono en suelo", "cubierta vegetal", "0402 animal and dairy science", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbono liberado", "6. Clean water", "fijaci\u00f3n de carbono en suelo", "carbon release", "environment and ecology \u2013 soil science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbon release; cover crops; soil carbon fixation", "cover crops", "agricultura ecol\u00f3gica; suelos", "soil carbon fixation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2012103-562-11"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Spanish%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5424/sjar/2012103-562-11", "name": "item", "description": "10.5424/sjar/2012103-562-11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5424/sjar/2012103-562-11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-07-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/279377", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:41Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Managing water scarcity European and Chinese cropping systems", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation agriculture", "Cover crops", "Cropping systems", "Best Management Practices", "Water use efficiency", "SHui", "15. Life on land", "Remote sensing", "6. Clean water", "EU-China engagement", "13. Climate action", "Tree deficit irrigation", "Crop modeling", "Precision irrigation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "G\u00f3mez Calero, Jos\u00e9 Alfonso, Alarc\u00f3n Caba\u00f1ero, Juan Jos\u00e9, Intrigliolo, Diego S., Dost\u00e1l, Tom\u00e1\u0161, Quaranta, Gianni, Lannoy, Gabrielle de, Dodd, Ian C., Salvia, Rossana,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/279377"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/279377", "name": "item", "description": "10261/279377", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/279377"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.6078/D1013R", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:19Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-07-31", "title": "Data for: Quantifying direct yield benefits of soil carbon increases from cover cropping", "description": "unspecifiedPlease see R scripts for processing and analyzing data.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Agricultural sciences", "crop yields", "cover crops", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vendig, Isaac, Guzman, Audee, De La Cerda, Gisel, Esquivel, Kenzo, Mayer, Allegra, Ponisio, Lauren, Bowles, Timothy,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.6078/D1013R"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.6078/D1013R", "name": "item", "description": "10.6078/D1013R", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.6078/D1013R"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/253005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-25", "title": "In-depth analysis of soil management and farmers\u2019 perceptions of related risks in two olive grove areas in southern Spain", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). This manuscript presents a questionnaire-based study aimed to provide a detailed analysis on the different soil management carried out by olive farmers in two representative olive-growing areas in southern Spain (Cordoba and Estepa), their perceptions on cover crop use and the possible influence of the different types of farms and farmers\u2019 typologies on these perceptions. Our results show a relatively large variability of soil management, with fourteen options, as a result of a combination of different alternatives for bare soil and cover crops with the use or not of pruning residues, but with a great similarity between both areas. The results indicate a high adoption of soil conservation measures in the two study areas, with 63% of farmers using cover crops and 80% a mulch of pruning residues, higher than that reported in previous studies in Southern Spain, and a trend of lower use of these techniques by less experienced and younger farmers. This high penetration of soil conservation measures resulted in a significant reduction of soil erosion risk, as indicated by the relatively low values for the cover and management factor (C) of RUSLE, also calculated and presented in this study, but also the possibility of focusing further efforts on farmers with less experience. Our results indicate the persistence of a minor, but relevant, percentage of farmers using bare soil management (37%) and no mulching (20%), with a moderate concern on the impact of soil erosion on soil degradation and provision of ecosystem services. This suggests the need to concentrate efforts also on this cluster of farmers to enhance the success of what seems to be a remarkable expansion of the use of soil conservation measures in recent decades in Southern Spain, but also in similar areas in the Mediterranean basin. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), AGL2015-65036-C3-1-R and PID2019-105793RB-I00 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU-FEDER funds, as well as by the cooperative agreement between the DOP Estepa and the University of Cordoba. All this support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Olive yield", "Cover crops", "Questionnaire", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "TA1-2040", "15. Life on land", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Irrigation", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "Erosion risk"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/253005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/253005", "name": "item", "description": "10261/253005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/253005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/366268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-01-10", "title": "Using a Rainfall Simulator to Define the Effect of Soil Conservation Techniques on Soil Loss and Water Retention", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>In the Czech Republic, the Universal Soil Loss Equation provides the basis for defining the soil protection strategy. Field rainfall simulators were used to define the actual cover-management factor values of the most extensively seeded crops in the Czech Republic. More than 380 simulations between 2016 and 2021 provided data. The methodology focused on multi-seasonal measurements to cover the most important phenological phases. A comparison with the original USDA values for maize showed that it is desirable to redefine the C-factor. 71 fallow plot experiments showed that the rainfall-runoff relation is much easier to replicate than the actual sediment transport. For 30-minute intensive rainfall, the runoff ratio reached 62%, and the coefficient of variation was 25%. On saturated soil, the runoff ratio reached 81% and the coefficient of variation dropped to 12%. Soil protection techniques have a significant effect on runoff reduction. Maize seeded after cover crops and combined with reduced tillage or direct seeding can reduce the runoff ratio to 10-20% for &amp;lsquo;dry&amp;rsquo; conditions and to 12-40% for &amp;lsquo;saturated&amp;rsquo; conditions. Concerning soil loss, the variations are greater, with the coefficient of variation reaching 42% during fallow plot experiments. The reader should consider associated uncertainties.</p></article>", "keywords": ["environmental_sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "soil erosion", "Cover crops", "S", "Soil protection", "Rainfall simulator", "Soil loss ratio", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "rainfall simulator", "C-factor", "6. Clean water", "soil protection", "Soil erosion", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "USLE", "soil loss ratio", "cover crops", "runoff coefficient", "Runoff coefficient"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/2/431/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/2/431/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10261/366268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/366268", "name": "item", "description": "10261/366268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/366268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10492/6396", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-05", "title": "Effect of Crop Residue Decomposition on Soil Aggregate Stability", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The decomposition of fresh crop residues added to soil for agricultural purposes is complex. This is due to different factors that influence the decomposition process. In field conditions, the incorporation of crop residues into soil does not always have a positive effect on aggregate stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the decomposition effects of residues from two different cover crops (Brassica napus var. oleifera and Secale cereale) and one main crop (wheat straw) on soil aggregate stability. A 105-day incubation experiment was conducted in which crop residues were mixed with sandy loam soil at a rate of 6 g C kg\u22121 of soil. During the incubation, there were five water additions. The decomposition effects of organic matter on soil conditions during incubation were evaluated by determining the soil functional groups; carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions; soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC); and water-stable aggregates (WSA). The functional groups of the plant residues and the soil were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a double exponential model was used to estimate the decomposition rates. The results show that the decomposition rate of fresh organic materials was correlated with the soil functional groups and the C/N ratio. Oilseed rape and rye, with lower C/N ratios than wheat straw residues, had faster decomposition rates and higher CO2 and N2O emissions than wheat straw. The CO2 and N2O flush at the start of the experiment corresponded to a decrease of soil aggregate stability (from Day 3 to Day 10 for CO2 and from Day 19 to Day 28 for N2O emissions), which was linked to higher decomposition rates of the labile fraction. The lower decomposition rates contributed to higher remaining C (carbon) and higher soil aggregate stability. The results also show that changes in the soil functional groups due to crop residue incorporation did not significantly influence aggregate stability. Soil moisture (SM) negatively influenced the aggregate stability and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in all treatments (oilseed rape, rye, wheat straw, and control). Irrespective of the water addition procedure, rye and wheat straw residues had a positive effect on water-stable aggregates more frequently than oilseed rape during the incubation period. The results presented here may contribute to a better understanding of decomposition processes after the incorporation of fresh crop residues from cover crops. A future field study investigating the influence of incorporation rates of different crop residues on soil aggregate stability would be of great interest.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "greenhouse gas emissions", "Agriculture (General)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "decomposition rates", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "articles", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "aggregate stability"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/10/11/527/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/10/11/527/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10492/6396"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10492/6396", "name": "item", "description": "10492/6396", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10492/6396"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10807/143344", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-10-22", "title": "Combining no-till with rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop mitigates nitrous oxide emissions without decreasing yield", "description": "Abstract   No-till (NT) often increases soil carbon (C) sequestration compared with conventional tillage (CT), yet its net effect on N2O emissions is controversial. Cover crops (CCs) adoption is promoted in NT systems because CCs growth curbs nitrate losses via leaching. However, incorporating CC residues into the soil may have positive or negative effects on N2O emissions depending on CC species and agro-ecosystem management. A better understanding of how tillage practices and CC species affect N2O emissions is therefore needed for the development of productive agroecosystems that contribute to climate change mitigation. The objectives of this three-year (2015\u20132017) field experiment on a Udertic Haplustalf soil in the Po Valley were to compare N2O emissions and crop yield of soybean under NT and CT, and to examine how contrasting residues from two CCs (rye, Secale cereale L. vs hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth) affect N2O emissions in NT soybean and maize. We hypothesized that N2O emissions would be lower with NT than with CT and with rye residues than with vetch ones. Nitrous oxide was continuously sampled using automatic chambers during three periods (emergence, N-fixation and maturity) over the soybean-cropping season in 2015 and during the entire cropping maize season in 2017. The DNDC model was calibrated (2015 data) and validated (2017 data), and then used to estimate the annual cumulative N2O emissions in different treatments. Overall, N2O emissions in NT were 40\u201355% lower than in CT, for both in situ measurements (Period I) and modelled estimations. These differences could be ascribed to the higher water-filled pore space (WFPS) and soil nitrate availability in CT than in NT. No-till also increased SOC content (28%; 0\u20135\u2009cm) and earthworm abundance (5 times) compared with CT. Within NT systems, N2O emissions were 20\u201336% lower with rye CC than with vetch CC (P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "N2O emissions", "lombrichi", "Cover crops", "Soil organic carbon", "sostanza organica del terreno", "No-till", "non-lavorazione", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "DNDC model", "NO emissions", "13. Climate action", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "colture di copertura", "modello DNDC", "emissioni N2O"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10807/143344"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10807/143344", "name": "item", "description": "10807/143344", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10807/143344"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10953/4139", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:24:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-30", "title": "The role of cover crops in the loss of protected and non-protected soil organic carbon fractions due to water erosion in a Mediterranean olive grove", "description": "Soil erosion plays an important role in C cycling at farm scale, especially in bare soil areas. In Mediterranean woody crops, temporary cover crops (CC) effectively reduce soil erosion and increase total and protected soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions. However, the effects of CC in olive groves on the preferential loss of organic carbon (Corg) fractions remains poorly understood. To address this issue, in four plots with seeded CC and two tilled plots (CT) in a Spanish olive grove, the unprotected and protected Corg fractions were measured in soil and sediments over the course of a hydrological year. The sediment/soil C enrichment ratios (ERSOC) were calculated, and results analysed considering the rainfall regimes of the site: dry (DS), heavy-rainy (HRS) and rainy (RS). Total, unprotected and protected Corg contents in the top 5 cm soil of CC plots were 46 %, 88.4 % and 28.5 %, respectively, higher than those of CT. 79.7 % and 70.3 % of the annual sediment yield (SY) was collected during December in CC and CT plots, respectively. Soil loss in CC plots ( = 9.2 Mg ha\u20131 yr\u20131) was significantly lower (\u221255.6 %) than that in CT plots. Despite that the average eroded Corg was higher in the CT ( = 222 kg C ha\u20131 yr\u20131) compared to CC ( = 148 kg C ha\u20131 yr\u20131) plots differences were not significant due to the higher Corg concentration in the sediment from CC plots. The highest proportion of eroded Corg (44%\u201345%) corresponded to the physically protected fraction. The highest ERSOC (1.99 and 2.04 for CC and CT, respectively) was recorded in DS whereas the lowest was in the RS (0.90) and HRS (0.96) seasons. The mean ERSOC were of 1.00 and 0.92 in the CC and CT plots, with no significant difference. The fact that most of the SY was recorded in one month, when CC plants were not fully developed, might explain the ERSOC at 1, and why their presence did not modify it. This study demonstrates that CC favours greater total, unprotected and protected Corg fractions in the topsoil, promoting soil C sequestration. The asynchrony between the periods of full development of the CC plants and those with the highest rainfall erosivity prevented any selectiveness of the eroded Corg. Thus, fast-growing CC plant species with short life-cycles are recommended, as well as adequate management to promote self-seeding avoiding soil disturbance for seeding in erosion prone seasons. This research has been supported by the Spanish Government (grants no. AGL2015-40128-C03-01 and PID2019-105793RB-I00), FEDER funds and the European Commission (SHui, grant no. 773903) and the H2020 PRIMA project SUSTAINOLIVE (grant no. 1811).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines", "550", "63 Agricultura.", "63 Agricultura", "Olive groves", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines.", "630", "Spontaneous temporary cover crops", "Soil erosion", "Olive grove", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "SOC", "Carbon enrichment ratio"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10953/4139"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10953/4139", "name": "item", "description": "10953/4139", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10953/4139"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3087611538", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-18", "title": "Multi-Functional Land Use Is Not Self-Evident for European Farmers: A Critical Review", "description": "Soils perform more functions than primary productivity. Examples of these functions are the recycling of nutrients, the regulation and purification of water, the regulation of the climate, and supporting biodiversity. These abilities are generally referred to as the soil quality. Soil management that favors primary productivity may have positive and negative impacts on the other functions, and vice versa, depending on soil and climatic conditions. All these functions are under pressure, particularly in intensive agriculture. In the absence of mandatory regulations, most European farmers give limited attention to other functions than primary productivity in spite of recommendations by scientists, society and policy makers to acknowledge the ecosystem services provided by soils. The present paper analyses the underlying causes of this limited attention for the multi-functionality of soils by farmers. It is concluded that their focus on primary productivity may stem from (1) insufficient visible proof for soil degradation and benefits of preventive measures over curative measures, (2) limited awareness or conviction of long-term synergies, (3) insufficient remuneration of ecosystem services by society or compensation of yield penalties in favor of these services, (4) lacking trustworthy knowledge about and support for multi-functional soil management, and (5) absence of incentives and regulations on soil management and their enforcement. All these shortcomings need to be addressed by advisors, scientists, and policy makers, whilst acknowledging the need for underpinning and differentiation of incentives and regulations.", "keywords": ["GLOBAL DILEMMA", "DEPLETE SOIL-NITROGEN", "ECOSYSTEM SERVICES", "COVER CROPS", "CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE", "01 natural sciences", "primary productivity", "soil degradation", "MANAGEMENT", "QUALITY", "GE1-350", "soil quality", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "soil health", "land management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Environmental sciences", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "13. Climate action", "CATTLE SLURRY", "soil function", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystem services"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3087611538"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3087611538", "name": "item", "description": "3087611538", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3087611538"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3123614269", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-25", "title": "In-depth analysis of soil management and farmers\u2019 perceptions of related risks in two olive grove areas in southern Spain", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). This manuscript presents a questionnaire-based study aimed to provide a detailed analysis on the different soil management carried out by olive farmers in two representative olive-growing areas in southern Spain (Cordoba and Estepa), their perceptions on cover crop use and the possible influence of the different types of farms and farmers\u2019 typologies on these perceptions. Our results show a relatively large variability of soil management, with fourteen options, as a result of a combination of different alternatives for bare soil and cover crops with the use or not of pruning residues, but with a great similarity between both areas. The results indicate a high adoption of soil conservation measures in the two study areas, with 63% of farmers using cover crops and 80% a mulch of pruning residues, higher than that reported in previous studies in Southern Spain, and a trend of lower use of these techniques by less experienced and younger farmers. This high penetration of soil conservation measures resulted in a significant reduction of soil erosion risk, as indicated by the relatively low values for the cover and management factor (C) of RUSLE, also calculated and presented in this study, but also the possibility of focusing further efforts on farmers with less experience. Our results indicate the persistence of a minor, but relevant, percentage of farmers using bare soil management (37%) and no mulching (20%), with a moderate concern on the impact of soil erosion on soil degradation and provision of ecosystem services. This suggests the need to concentrate efforts also on this cluster of farmers to enhance the success of what seems to be a remarkable expansion of the use of soil conservation measures in recent decades in Southern Spain, but also in similar areas in the Mediterranean basin. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), AGL2015-65036-C3-1-R and PID2019-105793RB-I00 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU-FEDER funds, as well as by the cooperative agreement between the DOP Estepa and the University of Cordoba. All this support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Olive yield", "Cover crops", "Questionnaire", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "TA1-2040", "15. Life on land", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "Irrigation", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "Erosion risk"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3123614269"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3123614269", "name": "item", "description": "3123614269", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3123614269"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3195913929", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-16", "title": "Long-term soil quality effects of soil and crop management in organic and conventional arable cropping systems", "description": "Improving or maintaining soil health is crucial to support human needs, with the concept of soil quality connecting soil functions and sustainability concerns. In 2019, we assessed soil chemical, physical and biological properties in a long-term crop rotation experiment initiated in 1997 at Foulum, Denmark, with the aim of determining the long-term soil quality effects of the use of cover crops, animal manure, different crop sequences (with or without a legume-based ley) and organic vs conventional management. The concentration of soil organic carbon has been relatively stable across all treatments for 14 years prior to this investigation; in 2019, we found high aggregate stability, porosity, air permeability and pore organization in all treatments. Bulk density, air permeability and pore organization were affected to some extent by soil and crop management, with bulk density being the lowest in the organic treatment without cover crops, which had the most frequent harrowing. Earthworm density was the greatest in the organic system with grass-clover, especially following the ley year, thanks to a combination of high quality plant input and reduced soil disturbance. From a system perspective, none of the treatments investigated represented extremes, and all maintained good soil quality in the long-term. This indicates that long-term management should take into account the combination of different factors affecting soil quality.", "keywords": ["EUROPE", "05 Environmental Sciences", "Soil Science", "PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES", "COVER CROPS", "CARBON", "Soil health", "07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Earthworms", "AGGREGATE STABILITY", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "PRODUCTIVITY", "Soil structural stability", "Agriculture", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "06 Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "4106 Soil sciences", "NO-TILL", "NITROGEN", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "MATTER", "Soil organic C"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3195913929"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3195913929", "name": "item", "description": "3195913929", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3195913929"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3199548970", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-13", "title": "The Impact of Soil-Improving Cropping Practices on Erosion Rates: A Stakeholder-Oriented Field Experiment Assessment", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The risk of erosion is particularly high in Mediterranean areas, especially in areas that are subject to a not so effective agricultural management\u2013or with some omissions\u2013, land abandonment or wildfires. Soils on Crete are under imminent threat of desertification, characterized by loss of vegetation, water erosion, and subsequently, loss of soil. Several large-scale studies have estimated average soil erosion on the island between 6 and 8 Mg/ha/year, but more localized investigations assess soil losses one order of magnitude higher. An experiment initiated in 2017, under the framework of the SoilCare H2020 EU project, aimed to evaluate the effect of different management practices on the soil erosion. The experiment was set up in control versus treatment experimental design including different sets of treatments, targeting the most important cultivations on Crete (olive orchards, vineyards, fruit orchards). The minimum-to-no tillage practice was adopted as an erosion mitigation practice for the olive orchard study site, while for the vineyard site, the cover crop practice was used. For the fruit orchard field, the crop-type change procedure (orange to avocado) was used. The experiment demonstrated that soil-improving cropping techniques have an important impact on soil erosion, and as a result, on soil water conservation that is of primary importance, especially for the Mediterranean dry regions. The demonstration of the findings is of practical use to most stakeholders, especially those that live and work with the local land.</p></article>", "keywords": ["ISLAND", "Environmental Studies", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "VINEYARDS", "soil-improving crop systems", "COVER CROPS", "3301 Architecture", "PARAMETERS", "soil erosion; soil-improving crop systems; sustainable land management; sustainable agriculture", "4104 Environmental management", "EQUATION", "RUNOFF", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "sustainable land management", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "soil erosion", "S", "3304 Urban and regional planning", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "GIS", "6. Clean water", "sustainable agriculture", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CRETE", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/9/964/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/9/964/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3199548970"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3199548970", "name": "item", "description": "3199548970", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3199548970"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3211325926", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-22", "title": "The Effects of Crops Together with Winter Cover Crops on the Content of Soil Water-Stable Aggregates in Organic Farming", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The stability of the soil aggregates is an important soil quality indicator, as it affects the soil\u2019s overall functionality. As the soil aggregates are highly affected by agricultural practices, it is essential to know how crops interact with the aggregation process. Therefore, for obtaining more knowledge, this research was conducted in Estonia in an organic crop rotation field experiment from 2012/2013 through 2015/2016 to study the effects of crops (potato \u2192 spring barley undersown with red clover \u2192 red clover \u2192 winter wheat \u2192 pea) under different treatments (TC\u2014control; TW\u2014winter cover crops; TW+M\u2014TW with farmyard manure 40 Mg ha\u22121 per crop rotation). The results showed that in the topsoil (5\u201310 cm), the soil water-stable aggregate (WSA) content (determined by the wet sieving method) from highest to lowest was following: pea (61.7%), winter wheat (61.6%), spring barley (61.5%), red clover (59.3%), potato (57.1%); whereas in the subsoil (30\u201335 cm): potato (50.6%), pea (48.5%), red clover (47.9%), spring barley (47.7%), winter wheat (46.4%). Therefore, potato was a noticeable crop, as among the crops, it had the lowest WSA content in the topsoil, while highest in the subsoil. The results shown gave an assumption that the after-effects of some crops (foremost with pea) were noticeable in the soil properties during the following crop. In the topsoil, the differences between crops were significant among crops just for TW and TW+M treatments. In TW, potato was lower than spring barley and winter wheat, but not significantly lower than pea or red clover. In the subsoil, significant differences between crops were observed for TC and TW treatments: in TC, potato was just significantly greater than red clover (but similar to other crops), and in TW, significantly greater than winter wheat. Furthermore, in the topsoil the soil organic carbon (SOC) content was not significantly affected by crops, and the use of winter cover crops generally increased the SOC content while concurrently decreased the WSA content and the soil maximum water holding capacity. This was probably caused by the additional tillage operations which cancelled out the possible benefits for the soil aggregates. As a consequence of the constantly declining SOC content, caused by the weakened soil aggregates, the plant-available P and K contents, especially in the absence of manure applications, decreased as well, probably due to the combination of fixation and removal of plant biomass. Therefore, it is expected that by continuing this trend, the plant growing conditions decline, which in turn will have a negative effect for the aggregate formation and carbon sequestration, which are essential for plant growth.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "organic farming", "Agriculture (General)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farmyard manure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "winter cover crops", "15. Life on land", "aggregate stability", "maximum water holding capacity", "S1-972"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1035/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3211325926"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3211325926", "name": "item", "description": "3211325926", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3211325926"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "4aab35b54d6a200219ab296aac160b4a", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-25T16:26:46Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Managing water scarcity European and Chinese cropping systems", "description": "Welcome and general introduction by Project Coordinator Jose Alfonso Gomez Calero, IAS-CSIC:      -Actual potential of tree deficit irrigation, sensorization and differentiated spatial management for optimizing water use under droughts. Speaker: Juan Jose Alarc\u00f3n. CEBAS-CSIC      -Actual potential of conservation agriculture and green cover crops in the rotation for optimizing soil water retention in annual crops. Speaker: Tomas Dostal. CVTU      -Cost Benefit Analysis and carbon/water footprint for specific agricultural systems across countries and farm typologies. Speaker: Gianni Quaranta.   UNIBAS, MEDES.      -Regional crop modelling for evaluating water use in agriculture. Speaker: Gabrielle de Lannoy. KU Leuven      -Training and cooperation in large EU China projects, lessons learned. Speaker: Ian Dodd.  ULANC      -Key policy recommendations from SHui. Speaker: Rossana Salvia. UNIBAS, MEDES       Round Table:      Future of optimization of water use in agriculture. Drivers and identification of gaps in knowledge and implementation.      Moderator: Jose Alfonso Gomez Calero. IAS-CSIC      Participants: Miguel Barnuevo. Union de Peque\u00f1os Agricultores; Tim Hess. Cranfield University; Dirk Raes. KU Leuven and M\u00aa Ferrer. FENACORE. SHui (Soil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation) ran from September 2018 to August 2022 to address best use of soil and water in European and Chinese cropping systems via transdisciplinary research from plot to regional scales. Combining long-term experiments and modelling analysis at different scales evaluated the impact of Best Management Practices (BMPs) on water-limited crop productivity and soil retention, including socio-economic issues. The project also developed tools to facilitate implementation of soil and water saving technologies in specific farming situations. The objective of this in-person meeting in Brussels is to present the main project findings to stakeholders and policy makers, as well as to discuss in a round table the issues related to use of scarce water resources in agriculture. This project is co-funded by the European Commission within H2020 Framework Programme (Project: 773903). This project is co-funded by the Chinese Ministry of Science & Technology under CFM (China-EU Co-Funding Mechanism) Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conservation agriculture", "Cover crops", "Cropping systems", "Best Management Practices", "Water use efficiency", "SHui", "15. Life on land", "Remote sensing", "6. Clean water", "EU-China engagement", "13. Climate action", "Tree deficit irrigation", "Crop modeling", "Precision irrigation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "G\u00f3mez Calero, Jos\u00e9 Alfonso, Alarc\u00f3n Caba\u00f1ero, Juan Jos\u00e9, Intrigliolo, Diego S., Dost\u00e1l, Tom\u00e1\u0161, Quaranta, Gianni, Lannoy, Gabrielle de, Dodd, Ian C., Salvia, Rossana,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/4aab35b54d6a200219ab296aac160b4a"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "4aab35b54d6a200219ab296aac160b4a", "name": "item", "description": "4aab35b54d6a200219ab296aac160b4a", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/4aab35b54d6a200219ab296aac160b4a"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "dfc6bb78-dc6d-4358-ba9c-d92fbb30bfe3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "cover plants"}, {"id": "stable isotopes"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de.\u201d Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the soil profile data, the author and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the author and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The author and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-08-28", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-08-25", "language": "eng", "title": "Cover Crop Derived Microbial Biomass N - Water uptake from different soil depths by maize at growth stage BBCH33 as derived from labeling with heavy water in the year 2021", "description": "Maize was grown after different winter cover crop mixtures. At growth stage BBCH33, heavy water was applied as tracer to the root zone of selected plants at a depth of 30, 60 or 90 cm. The resulting accumulation of heavy water in the maize plant was subsequently measured in the plant biomass.\n\nGeneral description see mother table: (https://doi.org/10.20387/bonares-8xdb-db76); Related datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["cover plants", "stable isotopes", "Boden", "opendata", "cover crops", "stable isotopes", "microbial biomass N", "Trifolium pretense", "Trifolium repens", "Brassica napus", "Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis", "Festuca arundinacea", "Lolium perenne"], "contacts": [{"name": "Tobias St\u00fcrzebecher", "organization": "G\u00f6ttingen University", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "tobias.stuerzebecher@uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Sandra Spielvogel", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "s.spielvogel@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://orcid.org", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-2310-5975", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis and Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "M\u00fcncheberg"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Iris Zimmermann", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectManager"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "i.zimmermann@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "G\u00f6ttingen University", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 7/15, table: Water uptake from different soil depths by maize at growth stage BBCH33 as derived from labeling with heavy water in the year 2021"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=dfc6bb78-dc6d-4358-ba9c-d92fbb30bfe3", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "dfc6bb78-dc6d-4358-ba9c-d92fbb30bfe3", "name": "item", "description": "dfc6bb78-dc6d-4358-ba9c-d92fbb30bfe3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/dfc6bb78-dc6d-4358-ba9c-d92fbb30bfe3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "e2619fbc-87ab-4ea9-a952-54f855170558", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.09, 53.31], [9.09, 54.72], [11.26, 54.72], [11.26, 53.31], [9.09, 53.31]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "cover crops"}, {"id": "soil organic carbon"}, {"id": "subsoil"}, {"id": "Trifolium pretense"}, {"id": "Trifolium repens"}, {"id": "Brassica napus"}, {"id": "Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis"}, {"id": "Festuca arundinacea"}, {"id": "Lolium perenne"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-09-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-08", "language": "eng", "title": "Soil organic carbon content at Maize BBCH33", "description": "Organic carbon content was measured on soil samples from cover crop root channels and bulk soil taken at subsequent crop, maize, BBCH stage 33.", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "opendata", "cover crops", "soil organic carbon", "subsoil", "Trifolium pretense", "Trifolium repens", "Brassica napus", "Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis", "Festuca arundinacea", "Lolium perenne", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Yijie Shi", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "yj.shi@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Sandra Spielvogel", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "s.spielvogel@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://orcid.org", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-2310-5975", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Center", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Iris Zimmermann", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectManager"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "i.zimmermann@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Kiel University", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=e2619fbc-87ab-4ea9-a952-54f855170558", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "e2619fbc-87ab-4ea9-a952-54f855170558", "name": "item", "description": "e2619fbc-87ab-4ea9-a952-54f855170558", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/e2619fbc-87ab-4ea9-a952-54f855170558"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[8.49, 51.28], [8.49, 54.74], [11.89, 54.74], [11.89, 51.28], [8.49, 51.28]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "cover plants"}, {"id": "stable isotopes"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non-scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \u201cData reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de.\u201d Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the soil profile data, the author and BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the author and BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The author and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-08-28", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-08-25", "language": "eng", "title": "Cover Crop Derived Microbial Biomass N", "description": "Winter cover crop mixtures were exposed to 15N labeling via leaf feeding with 15NO3 and 15NH4 in autumn and spring. Microbial biomass N was determined by extraction with 0.05 M K2SO4 and chloroform fumigation. The 15N enrichment in the microbial biomass N of cover crop root channels and bulk soil was measured on samples taken six weeks after the spring labeling.  This table contains the index of all tables forming this data collection.\n\nRelated datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["cover plants", "stable isotopes", "Boden", "opendata", "cover crops", "stable isotopes", "microbial biomass N", "Trifolium pretense", "Trifolium repens", "Brassica napus", "Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis", "Festuca arundinacea", "Lolium perenne"], "contacts": [{"name": "Tobias St\u00fcrzebecher", "organization": "G\u00f6ttingen University", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "tobias.stuerzebecher@uni-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Sandra Spielvogel", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "s.spielvogel@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://orcid.org", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-2310-5975", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis and Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "M\u00fcncheberg"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Iris Zimmermann", "organization": "Kiel University", "position": null, "roles": ["projectManager"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "i.zimmermann@soils.uni-kiel.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "G\u00f6ttingen University", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 1/15, table: Index"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "rel": "download"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "name": "item", "description": "17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/17fc7de7-933d-4eae-a096-ec91fb4fa184"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "67bd63db-9606-4bdf-afc7-f9936cc73b5e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31], [10.0, 54.31]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "cover crops"}, {"id": "stable isotopes"}, {"id": "biomass"}, {"id": "Trifolium pretense"}, {"id": "Trifolium repens"}, {"id": "Brassica napus"}, {"id": "Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis"}, {"id": "Festuca arundinacea"}, {"id": "Lolium perenne"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-07-22", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-05", "language": "eng", "title": "13C enrichment in cover crop root channels and bulk soil after pulse labeling the cover crops with 13CO2", "description": "Winter cover crop mixtures were exposed to 13CO2 labeling with two pulses of three hours each on one day in autumn and with two pulses of three hours each on one day in spring. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - RootWayS and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. 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