Relay intercropping of subsidiary legumes with durum wheat (living mulch) can be a viable option to support ecological weed control and optimize nutrient cycling in cereal-based cropping systems. However, the lack of knowledge on suitable legume species is often identified as the main bottleneck for the successful application of legume living mulches. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of 12 different legumes for relay intercropping with wheat in two contrasting Mediterranean cereal-based cropping systems respectively characterized by low-input and integrated management. Each legume was monitored from the undersowing in wheat until the following spring and we compared direct drilling to broadcast sowing of legumes. None of the undersown legumes showed a negative effect on the wheat grain yield. Relay intercropping of legumes proved to be an effective solution to control weeds before and after the wheat harvest, provided suitable legumes species are chosen. Suitable legumes reduced the weed biomass up to the 90% during the intercropping and up to 94% in the following spring. On the contrary, legumes such as Trifoliumresupinatum, Viciavillosa, Medicagotruncatula, and Medicagoscutellata boosted weed growth in the following spring in comparison with the control. According to the performance of legumes, Medicagosativa, Trifoliumrepens and Medicagolupulina had the most suitable characteristics for relay intercropping with durum wheat at the Ravenna site, in a highly productive region whereas Medicagosativa, Hedysarumcoronarium and Trifoliumsubterraneum performed better in the low-input system near Pisa, where yields are generally lower. This is the first time that such a diversity in legumes species is tested in the same experiment for relay intercropping under diversified environmental and management conditions. The results of this study can support farmers in selecting the most appropriated legume species for their specific cropping systems and local conditions.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Living mulch", "Weed management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "IWMPRAISE", "Crop combinations and interactions", "Integrated Weed Management", "Horizon2020", "Crop diversification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Subsidiary crops"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/549112/1/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s13593-022-00787-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-05-20", "title": "Goal frames and sustainability transitions: how cognitive lock\u2011ins can impede crop diversification", "description": "AbstractTransitions towards more sustainable agricultural systems are often characterised by \uffe2\uff80\uff98lock-ins\uffe2\uff80\uff99, understood as self-reinforcing mechanisms that reproduce the status quo and impede change. While socioeconomic, technological and institutional lock-ins have been widely used to understand processes of sustainable transitions in agri-food systems, the role of so-called cognitive lock-ins is still under-investigated. In this study, we focus on how institutional settings create cognitive lock-ins in farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 decision-making related to the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. We apply goal framing for environmental behaviour and transition theory in explaining how socio-technical conditions may shape farmer\uffe2\uff80\uff99s decision-making. Empirically, we focus on the example of diversifying crop rotations with legumes as an established strategy to increase biodiversity and soil health, and reduce agrochemical use, emissions and pollution, which still remains rare in European agriculture. We use two cases in the Atlantic pedo-climatic region, Cornwall, UK, and Gelderland, Netherlands. Using in-depth interview data with farmers and extensive supplementary secondary data, we explore how context-specific socio-technical settings interact with farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 normative, gain-oriented and hedonic goal frames to shape the (un-)desirability of crop diversification with legumes. This creates conditions recognisable as cognitive lock-ins: the context of farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 decision-making creates cognitive processes that drastically reduce the perceived viability of alternative agricultural practices. Our findings in this case suggest the framework developed for this study may help to identify regionally specific, as well as common, barriers and solutions to crop diversification and comparable practices that are relevant to transitions towards sustainability in agri-food systems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Goal framing", "330", "Lock-in", "05 social sciences", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "Crop diversification", "0502 economics and business", "Sustainability transition \u00b7 Legumes \u00b7 Crop diversification \u00b7 Lock-in \u00b7 Goal framing", "Sustainability transition"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sustainability%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11625-022-01156-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-26", "title": "Long-term adoption of reduced tillage and green manure improves soil physicochemical properties and increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria in a Mediterranean rainfed almond orchard", "description": "Open AccessSoil health and function is one of the most important components for sustainable management of woody orchards. Intensive use of machinery and tillage creates heavy pressure on agroecosystems by altering the soil physicochemical and biological characteristics. In this study we aimed to assess the changes in soil physicochemical properties and the soil bacterial community structure, as well as the main drivers involved in shifts in the microbial community following 10 years implementing reduced tillage and reduced tillage plus green manure in a rainfed Mediterranean almond orchard. The treatments were: i) conventional tillage (CT); ii) reduced tillage (RT); and iii) reduced tillage and diversification with Avena sativa and Vicia sativa (RTD). After ten years, the results showed that the different managements had no significant effect on almond yields. RTD significantly increased total organic carbon (TOC), with an average content of 19.5 g kg\u22121 compared to 17.1 g kg\u22121 in CT. RTD also contributed to an increase in the fraction of soil macro-aggregates. Both RT and RTD significantly increased soil total nitrogen (NT) and particulate organic carbon (POC). However, other physical and chemical variables such as exchangeable Ca, Mg and K, bioavailable Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, wilting point and field capacity were not significantly affected by the management. The bacterial community significantly changed with management: RTD showed a higher relative abundance of the family Solirubrobacteraceae and the genera Streptomyces and Solirubrobacter. The bacterial community structure was explained by changes in TOC, POC, pH, and NT values. Thus, a combination of reduced tillage and green manure could represent an appropriate sustainable management for rainfed almond orchards in very fragile environmental conditions, due to an increase in soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and the higher presence of beneficial bacteria related to soil productivity.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bacteria", "2417 Biolog\u00eda Vegetal (Bot\u00e1nica)", "Fisiolog\u00eda Vegetal", "Crop diversification", "Bot\u00e1nica", "Green manure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Sustainable management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116218"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/cagri/2020003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:18:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-03-03", "title": "L\u2019adoption du semis direct sous couvert v\u00e9g\u00e9tal\u2009: transition douce ou rupture\u2009?", "description": "Le semis direct sous couvert repose sur l\uffe2\uff80\uff99application simultan\uffc3\uffa9e et continue de trois principes\uffe2\uff80\uff89: la r\uffc3\uffa9duction quasi-totale du travail du sol, une couverture organique des sols et une rotation diversifi\uffc3\uffa9e. Ce syst\uffc3\uffa8me agricole adopt\uffc3\uffa9 en France \uffc3\uffa0 partir des ann\uffc3\uffa9es\uffe2\uff80\uff892000 sous l\uffe2\uff80\uff99impulsion de groupes d\uffe2\uff80\uff99agriculteurs est en extension. Pour les agriculteurs, adopter un nouveau syst\uffc3\uffa8me agricole revient \uffc3\uffa0 modifier, de mani\uffc3\uffa8re plus ou moins importante, leurs pratiques. Concernant le semis direct sous couvert v\uffc3\uffa9g\uffc3\uffa9tal, peu d\uffe2\uff80\uff99informations existent. Cet article a pour objectif d\uffe2\uff80\uff99\uffc3\uffa9clairer les modifications que peut induire sa mise en place. Pour cela, il s\uffe2\uff80\uff99appuie sur les r\uffc3\uffa9ponses de 425\uffe2\uff80\uff89agriculteurs fran\uffc3\uffa7ais \uffc3\uffa0 une enqu\uffc3\uffaate en ligne. Pour 30\uffe2\uff80\uff89% des agriculteurs, le semis direct sous couvert constitue une modification compl\uffc3\uffa8te du syst\uffc3\uffa8me agricole. La r\uffc3\uffa9duction quasi-totale du travail du sol est le principe qui entra\uffc3\uffaene le plus de modifications (pour 96\uffe2\uff80\uff89% des agriculteurs). Au contraire, la diversification de la rotation conna\uffc3\uffaet le moins de modifications (48\uffe2\uff80\uff89% des agriculteurs). L\uffe2\uff80\uff99absence d\uffe2\uff80\uff99une modification de la rotation peut s\uffe2\uff80\uff99expliquer par une rotation d\uffc3\uffa9j\uffc3\uffa0 diversifi\uffc3\uffa9e en place ou l\uffe2\uff80\uff99incapacit\uffc3\uffa9 pour les agriculteurs d\uffe2\uff80\uff99ajouter de nouvelles cultures \uffc3\uffa0 leur rotation. L\uffe2\uff80\uff99optimisation de la couverture v\uffc3\uffa9g\uffc3\uffa9tale du sol entra\uffc3\uffaene une modification des pratiques pour 67\uffe2\uff80\uff89% des agriculteurs. Durant les premi\uffc3\uffa8res ann\uffc3\uffa9es, les agriculteurs s\uffe2\uff80\uff99orientent majoritairement vers l\uffe2\uff80\uff99utilisation de couverts temporaires plurisp\uffc3\uffa9cifiques. Bouleversant certains fondamentaux de l\uffe2\uff80\uff99agriculture, ces agriculteurs minimisent les risques encourus en favorisant une transition progressive et en partageant les connaissances acquises.
", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "330", "Agriculture (General)", "surveys / conservation agriculture / conservation tillage / land cover / crop diversification", "enqu\u00eate", "Plant culture", "diversification des cultures", "non-travail du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "S1-972", "SB1-1110", "conservation agriculture", "surveys", "land cover", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "agriculture de conservation", "couverture du sol", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "crop diversification enqu\u00eate"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.cahiersagricultures.fr/10.1051/cagri/2020003/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2020003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Cahiers%20Agricultures", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/cagri/2020003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/cagri/2020003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/cagri/2020003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15201/hungeobull.69.3.4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-02", "title": "Crop growth, carbon sequestration and soil erosion in an organic vineyard of the Vill\u00e1ny Wine District, Southwest Hungary", "description": "A more resilient adaptation to changing climate calls for crop diversification in vineyards, too. As a contribution to the H2020 collaborative project of the European Union, called Diverfarming, and part of the agroecological experiments during 2018 and 2019, grapevine biomass growth was monitored in connection with carbon storage types in soil and in the deposits removed by soil erosion. Phenometry was carried out interpreting segmented images to follow changes in biomass. It was found that crop growth could be best described by the Richards growth function. The distinction between grapevine and intercrop growth, however, requires further refinement in image analysis. In the laboratory TOC and Ntotal were measured for both the soil and the plant organs as well as for the eroded sediments. Greenhouse gas emissions and photosynthesis were monitored. Looking at the change of Leaf Area Index (LAI) over the growing period, image analysis pointed out the role of cut shoots from pruning in the C and N cycles. Maximum leaf area (at ripening) for guyot cultivation technique was extimated at 7,840 m2 ha-1. Soil loss by erosion was established by sediment traps at the end of vinestock rows. The grain size distribution analysis led to the remarkable result that as erosion proceeded, the ratio of the sand fraction increased but remained within the range for the textural class of loam. Organic matter contents grew to 38 g kg-1. The rate of soil erosion is higher in ploughed than in grassed interrows by orders of magnitude.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Geography (General)", "soil erosion", "leaf area index", "biomass", "Leaf Area Index", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "C/N ratio", "carbon sequestration", "crop diversification", "image analysis", "13. Climate action", "G1-922", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phenometry", "c/n ratio", "organic vineyard"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.69.3.4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Hungarian%20Geographical%20Bulletin", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15201/hungeobull.69.3.4", "name": "item", "description": "10.15201/hungeobull.69.3.4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15201/hungeobull.69.3.4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-10-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture12050574", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-20", "title": "Intercropping Practices in Mediterranean Mandarin Orchards from an Environmental and Economic Perspective", "description": "Crop diversification is becoming increasingly important for preserving soil and ecosystems\uffe2\uff80\uff99 health and, subsequently, crop productivity and sustainability. Intercropping practices adopted in monocultural woody crops, with herbaceous crops covering the otherwise bare alleyways, foster ecological interactions and can provide both environmental and economic advantages. In this study, intercropping practices were implemented in a traditional mandarin orchard in south-eastern Spain, which was monitored for three years to assess their impact on the environmental footprint and profitability. The footprint was quantified with a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA), while the costs and revenues assessment was based on materials, labor, and machinery used in the trial. The calculated LCA indicators evidenced that, although the cultivated surface area increases with the integration of the intercrops (fava bean, purslane, cowpea, and barley/vetch mix), this does not imply any additional detrimental effects (resource depletion, acidification, eutrophication, global warming). The economic analysis showed that while intercrops may involve additional production costs, the correct choice of intercrops, purslane, and fava bean, in this case, can reduce the market risks for farmers. Overall, this study shows that positive environmental and economic impacts are to be expected of co-integrated herbaceous crops within the same field as mandarin trees.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "woody crops sustainability", "farming market risks", "Agriculture (General)", "crop diversification; agro-silvicultural systems; woody crops sustainability; life cycle assessment; farming market risks", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "S1-972", "12. Responsible consumption", "crop diversification", "life cycle assessment", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agro-silvicultural systems", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/5/574/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/5/574/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050574"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture12050574", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture12050574", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture12050574"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture9120261", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-12", "title": "Diversified Arable Cropping Systems and Management Schemes in Selected European Regions Have Positive Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Content", "description": "In the last few decades, various crop diversification strategies and management practices have been promoted to improve or at least maintain environmental quality and agroecosystem services. We conducted a data-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of alternatives for crop diversification and environmentally friendly farming management for arable crops in four selected European pedoclimatic regions and typical cropping systems in the Atlantic, Boreal, Mediterranean North, and Mediterranean South regions. The dataset was retrieved from 38 references and included data on site-specific environmental conditions, soil tillage, crop rotation, fertilization, and final soil organic carbon content (SOC). No tillage (NT) was more effective (7%) in increasing SOC content than minimum tillage (MT) across the studied depths (from 5 to 40 cm). Conservation tillage as whole, including NT, MT, and rotational tillage (RT) positively affected SOC content in the top 10 cm (28%) in comparison with conventional tillage (CT). Compared to monoculture, longer crop rotations (3\uffe2\uff80\uff935 years) and the introduction of legumes resulted in higher increases in SOC contents (18%), that were higher in semiarid conditions (11%) than under humid and sub-humid climates (3.2%). The effect of fertilization on SOC contents was higher in the Mediterranean North region (28%), and organic fertilization showed the highest increases (25%) compared to the control with mineral fertilization. Higher increases in SOC contents with tillage and fertilization management were found in sites with lower SOC contents in the control treatment (conventional tillage and mineral fertilization respectively). The data analysis indicated that various European arable agroecosystems benefit both from diversified cropping systems and the adoption of environmentally friendly farming management and are thereby capable to increase SOC contents.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "Soil organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Tillage", "soil organic carbon", "crop diversification", "fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "Crop diversification", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/12/261/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/12/261/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9120261"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture9120261", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture9120261", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture9120261"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.1404255", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:23:18Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Diverfarming General Brochure", "description": "Open AccessThis project has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 728003", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sostenibilidad agr\u00edcola", "Agricultura", "Diversificaci\u00f3n de cultivos", "Agriculture", "farm sustainability", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Soil quality", "12. Responsible consumption", "Edafolog\u00eda y Qu\u00edmica Agr\u00edcola", "crop diversification", "13. Climate action", "Crop diversification", "5102.01 Agricultura", "Rentabilidad de la granja", "11. Sustainability", "Calidad del suelo", "Farm profitability", "soil quality", "Farm sustainability", "farm profitability", "agriculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "M\u00e1rquez, Silvia, L\u00e1zaro, Elena, Zornoza, Ra\u00fal,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1404255"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.1404255", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.1404255", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.1404255"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:21Z", "type": "Other", "title": "Crop Diversification and Soil Biodiversity", "description": "Adoption of new management practices to increase crop production and quality (Crop Diversification and Soil Biodiversity) This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop diversification", "15. Life on land", "crop rotation", "", "agroforestry", "soil", "biodiversity"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zornoza, Ra\u00fal", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6907241"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6907241", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6907241"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6912947", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:22Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Use of crop diversification and trap crops in potato fields to reduce the incidence of cyst nematode, reduce nematicides and increase yield and soil biodiversity", "description": "Use of crop diversification and trap crops in potato fields to reduce the incidence of cyst nematode, reduce nematicides and increase yield and soil biodiversity This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Potato fields", "Crop diversification", "soil biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "nematicides"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rodr\u00edguez, Paula P\u00e9rez", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6912947"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6912947", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6912947", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6912947"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.6912948", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:22Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Use of crop diversification and trap crops in potato fields to reduce the incidence of cyst nematode, reduce nematicides and increase yield and soil biodiversity", "description": "Use of crop diversification and trap crops in potato fields to reduce the incidence of cyst nematode, reduce nematicides and increase yield and soil biodiversity This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Potato fields", "Crop diversification", "soil biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "nematicides"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rodr\u00edguez, Paula P\u00e9rez", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6912948"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.6912948", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.6912948", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.6912948"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3555120", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:10Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil properties and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions in terms of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type", "description": "This data set contains a data-mining performed to assess the impact of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type on soil and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions by a further meta-analysis of the data. These data correspond to the open-access article 'The impact of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type on soil and crop yield in fruit orchards under Mediterranean conditions: A meta-analysis of field studies' published in Agricultural Systems. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102736), funded by he European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003]. Ra\ufffd\ufffdl Zornoza acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdRam\ufffd\ufffdn y Cajal\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd Program [RYC-2015-18758]..", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "alley cropping", "Soil nitrogen", "Soil phosphorus", "Soil organic carbon", "temperature", "Olive", "15. Life on land", "Mediterranean", "crop yield", "precipitation", "fertilizer", "almond", "citrus", "orchard", "vineyards", "crop diversification", "tillage", "cover crops", "intercropping"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Morugan-Coronado, Alicia, Linares, Carlos, Zornoza, Ra\ufffd\ufffdl,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3555120"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3555120", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3555120", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3555120"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.3685753", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:11Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Diversification and Management Practices in Selected European Regions. A Data-analysis of Arable Crops Production and soil organic carbon", "description": "This data set contains a data-mining performed to assess the impact of intercropping, tillage and fertilizer type on soil organic carbon and crop yield in arable crops from four selected European pedoclimatic regions and typical cropping systems in the Atlantic, Boreal, Mediterranean North, and Mediterranean South regions. A further meta-analysis was performed with these data. These data correspond to the open-access articles: - Diversified Arable Cropping Systems and Management Schemes in Selected European Regions Have Positive Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Content. Agriculture 2019, 9, 261. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/12/261?type=check_update&version=2 - Diversification and Management Practices in Selected European Regions. A Data-analysis of Arable Crops Production. Agronomy 2020, 10, 297; doi:10.3390/agronomy10020297. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/2/297 - Deficit Drip Irrigation in Processing Tomato Production in the Mediterranean Basin: A Data Analysis for Italy. Agriculture 2019, 9, 79; doi:10.3390/agriculture9040079. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/9/4/79?type=check_update&version=2 The research and publications have been funded by he European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003].", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "multiple cropping", "rotations", "soil organic carbon", "crop diversification", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "cropping systems", "15. Life on land", "crop yield", "fertilizer", "intercropping", "agriculture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bene, Claudia Di, Francaviglia, Rosa, \u00c1lvaro-Fuentes, Jorge, Lingtong Gai, Regina, Kristiina, Turtola, Eila,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3685753"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.3685753", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.3685753", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.3685753"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:15Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil physicochemical properties for Diverfarming LT1 case study (diversified vegetable crops in spain)", "description": "Physicochemical soil properties of the long-term case study LT1 of Diverfarming H2020 project for diversified vegetables in southeast Spain. Includes data of the research article 'Changes in Bacterial and Fungal Soil Communities in Long-Term Organic Cropping Systems' ( https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050445)", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "vegetables", "Soil", "Soil organic carbon", "Crop diversification", "soil fertility", "horticulture", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "soil pesticides"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S\u00e1nchez-Navarro, Virginia, \u00d6zbolat, Onurcan, Mart\u00ednez-Mena, Mar\u00eda, Boix-Fayos, Carolina, D\u00edaz-Pereira, Elvira, Cuartero, Jessica, Pascual, Jose Antonio, Ros, Margarita, Egea-Cortines, Marcos, Belmonte, Ra\u00fal Zornoza,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4765528"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4765528"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "The legume choice in a relay intercropping system with durum wheat determines the economic viability of this IWM strategy in a Mediterranean low-input cropping system", "description": "Several studies support the environmental sustainability of relay intercropping of cereals with subsidiary legumes. However, the question whether the relay intercropping is also sustainable from an economic point of view remains to be answered. The objective of this study was to make an economical evaluation at cropping system level of eight different legumes species. In this study these legumes were evaluated taking into account the impact of the legumes on the co-cultivated wheat and on the following summer crop, forage sorghum. We assumed that annual, annual self-seeding, and perennial legumes work differently and bring different margins, allowing to identify the most cost-effective ones. Our hypothesis was therefore that the cost due to the relay intercropping can be balanced by the ecosystem services it provides, if suitable legumes are chosen.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Intercropping", "IWM", "Crop diversification", "Economic sustainability", " crop diversification", " subsidiary legumes", " living mulch", " cover crops", " agroecology", " gross income", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leoni, Federico, Triboulet, Pauline, Moonen, Anna-Camilla,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517384"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/19th%20EWRS%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7517384", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7517384"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7517406", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Unravelling the success of weed control by relay intercropping with legumes in low-input cereal-based Mediterranean cropping systems", "description": "This presentation shows the results of a study investigating the performance of three legumes (Medicago sativa, Medicago polymorpha, and Trifolium subterraneum) as a IPM tool in a relay intercropping system with durum wheat. The study was conducted near Pisa (Italy) in a low-input Mediterranean cropping system for two consecutive wheat-sorghum rotations to assess the effects of relay intercropping of legumes on weeds at crop rotation level. During the intercropping period legumes reduced weed biomass up to 90% compared with the control (wheat sole crop), without negative impact on yield. After wheat harvest, legumes persisted in the field and biomass production level determined their weed control capacity. Medicago sativa and Trifolium subterraneum established a suppressive mulch and reduced weed biomass up to 90 % compared with the control whereas no significant effect was observed for Medicago polymorpha. In the subsequent spring legumes were incorporated into the soil and sorghum was sown. Residual effects of Medicago sativa significantly reduced weeds biomass by the 50% in sorghum compared with the control. Results of this experiment confirmed that the biomass production is a good indicator of the weed control ability of legumes. However, biomass did not fully explain the variability in weed control capacity of the selected legumes. Allelochemical effects of legumes may also be involved. Studying the allelochemical properties of legumes can be difficult under field conditions and therefore two additional laboratory experiments were conducted to deepen the knowledge about the chemical interactions between wheat, legumes, and weeds during two critical phases for weed control: the intercropping period and the period after the incorporation of legume residues into the soil. An intercropping pattern was created in pots to explore the effect of the co-cultivation with wheat on the biosynthesis and root exudation of flavonoids in legumes. Flavonoids with potential allelochemical activity such as daidzein, genistein, medicarpin, formononetin and kaempferol significantly increased in plant tissues and root exudates of the legumes in response to co-cultivation with wheat. An additional pot experiment was carried out to investigate the allelopathic effect of the legume fresh biomass on the germinability of four weed species (Alepecurus myosuroides, Lolium rigidum, Chenopodium album and Sinapis alba). To simulate the incorporation of legumes before the sorghum sowing, legume fresh leaves were grinded and mixed with field soil at two concentrations: 25 and 50 g/l. Results of this experiment were consistent with what had been observed under field conditions and confirmed that Medicago sativa has the highest allelochemical potential compared with the Trifolium subterraneum and Medicago polymorpha. This research was supported by the H2020 project IWMPRAISE (grant number 727321) and FL had a PhD scholarship from Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna in Pisa", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Integrated Weed Management", "Crop diversification", "Living mulch", "Root exudate", "Plant interactions", "15. Life on land", "Subsidiary crops", "Allelopathy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Leoni, Federico, Carlesi, Stefano, Kudsk, Per, Moonen, Anna-Camilla,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517406"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/19th%20EWRS%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7517406", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7517406", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7517406"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.7517503", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "The legume choice determines crop production, nitrogen dynamics, weed control and economic viability of relay intercropping in a Mediterranean cereal based low-input cropping system", "description": "The relay intercropping of subsidiary legumes with durum wheat (living mulch) can be a valuable agroecological practice to supports nutrient availability and non-chemical weed control at crop rotation level without negative impacts on crop productivity (Tosti et al., 2016; Hiltbrunner et al., 2007). This study aimed to investigate the long-term agronomical and economical sustainability of eight different legumes among perennial, annual and annual self-seeding species tested in relay intercropping with durum wheat in a Mediterranean low-input cereal-based cropping system. In particular we evaluated the impact of each legume on 1) intercropped wheat, through the evaluation of N uptake, grain yield and protein content, 2) the subsequent forage sorghum taking into account the residual effects of the legumes on the following summer crop through the evaluation of biomass production and N uptake, 3) the effects of legume on weeds community composition and biomass before and after wheat harvest and in the subsequent cash crop. Finally we performed an economic assessment to test if costs due to the relay intercropping are balanced by the ecosystem services it provides at crop rotation level taking into account the impact of the legumes on the co-cultivated wheat and on the following forage sorghum.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Integrated Weed Management", "Crop diversification", "Living mulch", "15. Life on land", "Subsidiary crops"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Federico Leoni, Stefano Carlesi, Anna-Camilla Moonen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517503"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annual%20Meeting%20of%20Italian%20Society%20for%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.7517503", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.7517503", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.7517503"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=crop+diversification&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=crop+diversification&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=crop+diversification&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=crop+diversification&offset=17", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 17, "numberReturned": 17, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-25T07:26:15.089976Z"}