{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:15:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-22", "title": "Nitrogen Limitation Of Growth And Nutrient Dynamics In A Disturbed Mangrove Forest, Indian River Lagoon, Florida", "description": "The objectives of this study were to determine effects of nutrient enrichment on plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and photosynthesis in a disturbed mangrove forest in an abandoned mosquito impoundment in Florida. Impounding altered the hydrology and soil chemistry of the site. In 1997, we established a factorial experiment along a tree-height gradient with three zones, i.e., fringe, transition, dwarf, and three fertilizer treatment levels, i.e., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), control, in Mosquito Impoundment 23 on the eastern side of Indian River. Transects traversed the forest perpendicular to the shoreline, from a Rhizophora mangle-dominated fringe through an Avicennia germinans stand of intermediate height, and into a scrub or dwarf stand of A. germinans in the hinterland. Growth rates increased significantly in response to N fertilization. Our growth data indicated that this site is N-limited along the tree-height gradient. After 2 years of N addition, dwarf trees resembled vigorously growing saplings. Addition of N also affected internal dynamics of N and P and caused increases in rates of photosynthesis. These findings contrast with results for a R. mangle-dominated forest in Belize where the fringe is N-limited, but the dwarf zone is P-limited and the transition zone is co-limited by N and P. This study demonstrated that patterns of nutrient limitation in mangrove ecosystems are complex, that not all processes respond similarly to the same nutrient, and that similar habitats are not limited by the same nutrient when different mangrove forests are compared.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Leaves", "Nitrogen", "Fresh-water", "Electron-transport", "01 natural sciences", "Rhizophora-mangle", "Trees", "Sediments", "Random Allocation", "Soil", "Plant-growth", "0502 Environmental Science and Management", "phosphorus", "Photosynthesis", "Vs. Phosphorus Limitation", "Patterns", "Ecosystem", "disturbance", "580", "photosynthesis", "Ecology", "experiment", "Phosphorus", "15. Life on land", "Belize", "Use Efficiency", "Plant Leaves", "fertilization", "Florida", "resorption", "Gradient", "Avicennia"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00442-002-1117-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:15:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-10", "title": "Frequent Burning Promotes Invasions Of Alien Plants Into A Mesic African Savanna", "description": "Fire is both inevitable and necessary for maintaining the structure and functioning of mesic savannas. Without disturbances such as fire and herbivory, tree cover can increase at the expense of grass cover and over time dominate mesic savannas. Consequently, repeated burning is widely used to suppress tree recruitment and control bush encroachment. However, the effect of regular burning on invasion by alien plant species is little understood. Here, vegetation data from a long-term fire experiment, which began in 1953 in a mesic Zimbabwean savanna, were used to test whether the frequency of burning promoted alien plant invasion. The fire treatments consisted of late season fires, lit at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year intervals, and these regularly burnt plots were compared with unburnt plots. Results show that over half a century of frequent burning promoted the invasion by alien plants relative to areas where fire was excluded. More alien plant species became established in plots that had a higher frequency of burning. The proportion of alien species in the species assemblage was highest in the annually burnt plots followed by plots burnt biennially. Alien plant invasion was lowest in plots protected from fire but did not differ significantly between plots burnt triennially and quadrennially. Further, the abundance of five alien forbs increased significantly as the interval (in years) between fires became shorter. On average, the density of these alien forbs in annually burnt plots was at least ten times as high as the density of unburnt plots. Plant diversity was also altered by long-term burning. Total plant species richness was significantly lower in the unburnt plots compared to regularly burnt plots. These findings suggest that frequent burning of mesic savannas enhances invasion by alien plants, with short intervals between fires favouring alien forbs. Therefore, reducing the frequency of burning may be a key to minimising the risk of alien plant spread into mesic savannas, which is important because invasive plants pose a threat to native biodiversity and may alter savanna functioning.", "keywords": ["disturbance", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Ecology", "kruger-national-park", "south-africa", "biological invasions", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "METIS-302982", "vegetation", "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE", "evolution", "ecology", "propagule pressure", "ecosystems", "fire-management", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Invasions", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10530-010-9921-6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-12", "title": "Taxonomic and functional characteristics of field edge weed communities under contrasting crop management strategies", "description": "Abstract The widespread loss of weed diversity and associated ecosystem functions is raising important concerns. Field edges could play a major role in the maintenance of weed functional diversity in arable landscapes as these habitats still harbour high weed diversity, owing to either a reduced farming management intensity and/or to a spillover of species from adjacent perennial field margins. Here, we investigated the taxonomic and functional characteristics of weed species recorded in surveys of field edges and their associated field cores over six consecutive years in 60 arable fields farmed with five crop management strategies. We found that field edges were richer, with species more functionally diverse and composition more stable over years than field core surveys. The distribution of individual functional traits differed between field edges and field cores, with higher values for seed mass and nitrophily (Ellenberg.N), and a wider distribution of specific leaf area values in field edges. The bimodal distribution of plant height and germination period observed in field edges became unimodal in field cores. Field edges harboured species with ecological strategies associated with field cores (ruderal species) plus a conservative strategy which could be explained by a spillover from the adjacent perennial field margins. Crop management strategies impacted field edge flora, though to a lesser extent than the field core flora whereas the functional differences between the field edge and the field core flora were less marked when crop management intensity was lower. These results indicate that field edges harbour a unique assemblage of species and highly contribute to the maintenance of weed diversity in arable landscapes. Future studies should thus focus on the importance of these specific functional traits to the agroecosystem functioning.", "keywords": ["agroecology", "disturbance", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "functional ecology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "plant traits", "field margin", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ecological strategy", "species spillover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biodiversity conservation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Basic%20and%20Applied%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.baae.2021.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-03", "title": "Disturbance-Diversity Relationships For Soil Fauna Are Explained By Faunal Community Biomass In A Salt Marsh", "description": "Disturbance-diversity relationships have long been studied in ecology with a unimodal relationship as the key prediction. Although this relationship has been widely contested, it is rarely tested for soil invertebrate fauna, an important component of terrestrial biodiversity. We tested disturbance-diversity relationships for soil meso- and macrofauna in a salt marsh where periodic sea water inundation and cattle grazing occur as stressors. We hypothesized a unimodal inundation frequency-diversity relationship, whereas we expected grazing to overrule the effects of inundation frequency due to its large effects on the habitat of soil fauna. We found a negative relationship between inundation frequency and diversity at the ungrazed sites and no relationship at the grazed sites. Moreover, we found a negative relationship between community biomass and diversity for soil fauna that may have caused this negative disturbance-diversity relationship. Community biomass at the intermediate inundation frequency increased due to the dominance of Orchestia gammarellus (a macro-detritivore species), which could exploit low quality litters at the ungrazed sites. We highlight that the negative relationship between faunal community biomass and faunal diversity may influence disturbance-diversity relationships and illustrate that total biomass distribution of feeding guilds of soil fauna can improve our understanding of the soil fauna response to stressors in salt marshes. \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["COLLEMBOLA", "DYNAMICS", "0106 biological sciences", "Salt marsh", "productivity", "Feeding guilds", "SUCCESSION", "COMPETITION", "01 natural sciences", "COEXISTENCE", "RICHNESS", "patterns", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water", "14. Life underwater", "Orchestia gammarellus", "INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE", "Intermediate disturbance hypothesis", "PRODUCTIVITY", "coexistence", "SPECIES-DIVERSITY", "collembola", "Soil invertebrate fauna", "dynamics", "intermediate disturbance", "15. Life on land", "succession", "species-diversity", "PATTERNS", "competition", "richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.06.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.sajb.2015.07.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:17:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-15", "title": "Some Ecological Side-Effects Of Chemical And Physical Bush Clearing In A Southern African Rangeland Ecosystem", "description": "Abstract Bush thickening is a major concern to farmers of arid and semi-arid rangelands; reactive intervention remains the norm. Here we compared some of the short-term ecological implications of chemical and physical removal of the bush encroacher Acacia mellifera in the central Highland savanna of Namibia. We selected 21 invaded sites, 7 had been chemically cleared, 7 had been physically cleared and 7 had never been cleared. From each site, we recorded grass species composition, as well as the densities of A. mellifera, the undesired perennial shrub Pechuel-loeschea leubnitziae and a non-targeted tree Acacia erioloba, 24\u201330\u00a0months post-treatment. We fitted one-way ANOVA models to test for the effect of treatment on grass species richness and density of targeted and non-targeted tree species. A canonical correspondence analysis was used to determine how treatment affected grass species composition. While both treatments reduced the density of the bush encroacher, P. leubnitziae effectively replaced A. mellifera in chemically treated sites, where die-back presumably happened faster and nutrient and water competition decreased more rapidly. In such sites, perennial grass species were effectively outcompeted by P. leubnitiziae.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "330", "Geography & travel", "Senegalia mellifera", "910", "15. Life on land", "ddc:910", "Namibia", "01 natural sciences", "Sage bush", "Vachellia erioloba", "Physical soil disturbance", "Acacia giraffae", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/910", "Bush encroachment", "Savannah", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.07.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/South%20African%20Journal%20of%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.sajb.2015.07.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.sajb.2015.07.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.07.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-02-18", "title": "Productivity Affects The Density-Body Mass Relationship Of Soil Fauna Communities", "description": "The productivity of ecosystems and their disturbance regime affect the structure of animal communities. However, it is not clear which trophic levels benefit the most from higher productivity or are the most impacted by disturbance. The density-body mass (DBM) relationship has been shown to reflect changes in the structure of communities subjected to environmental modifications, so far, mainly in aquatic systems. We tested how different seawater inundation frequencies and cattle grazing, which both disturbed and impacted the productivity of a terrestrial system, a salt marsh, affected the size structure of soil fauna communities, expressed by their DBM relationship. We hypothesized that either: (1) all the trophic levels of soil fauna would benefit from higher productivity (i.e., amount of litter mass), reflected by a higher Y-intercept of the DBM relationship; (2) only smaller animals would benefit, reflected by a lower slope of the relationship; (3) or only larger animals would benefit, reflected by a higher slope of the relationship. We collected a large range of soil fauna from different elevation levels in grazed and ungrazed areas, thence subjected to different levels of productivity, represented by litter mass, with the most inundated and grazed area as the least productive one. Considering that pore size must be smaller in inundated and grazed areas, productivity seemed to be a greater factor influencing species distribution than soil structure. We found slopes lower than-0.75, showing that large animals dominated the community. However, a difference between the DBM relationships of the most and least frequently inundated ungrazed sites indicated that higher productivity benefited the smaller animals. Our findings show that high productivity does not equally affect the different trophic levels of this soil fauna community, suggesting inefficient transfers of energy from one trophic level to another, as smaller species benefitted more from higher productivity. \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd.", "keywords": ["population-density", "0106 biological sciences", "abundance", "plant-species richness", "rain-forest", "size relationships", "energetic equivalence rule", "intermediate disturbance hypothesis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "forest mull", "salt-marsh", "13. Climate action", "food webs", "SDG 14 - Life Below Water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0266467400007409", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:18:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-10", "title": "Ecosystem Dynamics Of Disturbed And Undisturbed Sites In North Queensland Wet Tropical Rain-Forest .1. Floristic Composition, Climate And Soil Chemistry", "description": "ABSTRACT

This paper introduces studies of nutrient cycling in disturbed and undisturbed rain forest plots in the upper catchment of Birthday Creek, near Paluma, North Queensland. The catchment is underlain by granite and has soils of comparatively low fertility. Differences between unlogged plots and plots disturbed 25 years previously by selective logging are still apparent. Disturbed plots have soils with higher bulk densities and pH, lower CEC, kjeldahl nitrogen and available phosphorus concentrations, and changed species composition. The data suggest that recovery from selective logging is dependent on soil fertility and intensity of disturbance.

", "keywords": ["disturbance", "0106 biological sciences", "Australia", "selective logging", "15. Life on land", "tropical rain forest", "01 natural sciences", "FoR 0601 (Biochemistry and Cell Biology)", "north Queensland", "soil compaction", "soil nutrients", "FoR 0602 (Ecology)", "climate", "floristics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400007409"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Tropical%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0266467400007409", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0266467400007409", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0266467400007409"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/een.12788", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-30", "title": "Come to the dark side! The role of functional traits in shaping dark diversity patterns of south\u2010eastern European hoverflies", "description": "

1. Dark diversity represents the set of species that can potentially inhabit a given area under particular ecological conditions, but are currently \u2018missing\u2019 from a site. This concept allows characterisation of the mechanisms determining why species are sometimes absent from an area that seems ecologically suitable for them.

2. The aim of this study was to determine the dark diversity of hoverflies in south\u2010eastern Europe and to discuss the role of different functional traits that might increase the likelihood of species contributing to dark diversity. Based on expert opinion, the Syrph the Net database and known occurrences of species, the study estimated species pools, and observed and dark diversities within each of 11 defined vegetation types for 564 hoverfly species registered in south\u2010eastern Europe. To detect the most important functional traits contributing to species being in dark diversity across different vegetation types, a random forest algorithm and respective statistics for variable importance were used.

3. The highest dark diversity was found for southwest Balkan sub\u2010Mediterranean mixed oak forest type, whereas the lowest was in Mediterranean mixed forest type. Three larval feeding modes (saproxylic, and phytophagous on bulbs or roots) were found to be most important for determining the probability of a species contributing to hoverfly dark diversity, based on univariate correlations and random forest analysis.

4. This study shows that studying dark diversity might provide important insights into what drives community assembly in south\u2010eastern European hoverflies, especially its missing components, and contributes to more precise conservation prioritisation of both hoverfly species and their habitats.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "functional characteristics", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "LAND-USE", "vegetation types", "missing species", "Disturbance", "15. Life on land", "DIPTERA SYRPHIDAE", "FOREST", "01 natural sciences", "POLLINATORS", "COMMUNITY", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "MANAGEMENT", "BIODIVERSITY", "insects", "Syrphidae", "HABITAT", "OAK DECLINE", "richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/een.12788"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12788"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/een.12788", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/een.12788", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/een.12788"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-28", "title": "The Legacy Of Harvest And Fire On Ecosystem Carbon Storage In A North Temperate Forest", "description": "Abstract

Forest harvesting and wildfire were widespread in the upper Great Lakes region of North America during the early 20th century. We examined how long this legacy of disturbance constrains forest carbon (C) storage rates by quantifying C pools and fluxes after harvest and fire in a mixed deciduous forest chronosequence in northern lower Michigan, USA. Study plots ranged in age from 6 to 68 years and were created following experimental clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut harvesting and fire disturbance. Annual C storage was estimated biometrically from measurements of wood, leaf, fine root, and woody debris mass, mass losses to herbivory, soil C content, and soil respiration. Maximum annual C storage in stands that were disturbed by harvest and fire twice was 26% less than a reference stand receiving the same disturbance only once. The mechanism for this reduction in annual C storage was a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90lasting decrease in site quality that endured over the 62\uffe2\uff80\uff90year timeframe examined. However, during regrowth the harvested and burned forest rapidly became a net C sink, storing 0.53\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921after 6 years. Maximum net ecosystem production (1.35\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and annual C increment (0.95\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) were recorded in the 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and 50\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old stands, respectively. Net primary production averaged 5.19\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921in experimental stands, increasing by < 10% from 6 to 50 years. Soil heterotrophic respiration was more variable across stand ages, ranging from 3.85\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921in the 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old stand to 4.56\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921in the 68\uffe2\uff80\uff90year\uffe2\uff80\uff90old stand. These results suggest that harvesting and fire disturbances broadly distributed across the region decades ago caused changes in site quality and successional status that continue to limit forest C storage rates.

", "keywords": ["disturbance", "570", "aspen", "net primary production", "net ecosystem production", "carbon storage", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "logging", "630", "succession", "northern hardwoods", "Biology", "fire", "legacy effects", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Katherine H. Harrold, Christoph S. Vogel, Peter S. Curtis, Christopher M. Gough, Kristen George,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01549.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:19:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-11", "title": "Grazing Triggers Soil Carbon Loss By Altering Plant Roots And Their Control On Soil Microbial Community", "description": "Summary

1.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Depending on grazing intensity, grasslands tend towards two contrasting systems that differ in terms of species diversity and soil carbon (C) storage. To date, effects of grazing on C cycling have mainly been studied in grasslands subject to constant grazing regimes, whereas little is known for grasslands experiencing a change in grazing intensity. Analysing the transition between C\uffe2\uff80\uff90storing and C\uffe2\uff80\uff90releasing grasslands under low\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and high\uffe2\uff80\uff90grazing regimes, respectively, will help to identify key plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interactions for C cycling.

2.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The transition was studied in a mesocosm experiment with grassland monoliths submitted to a change in grazing after 14\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of constant high and low grazing. Plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interactions were analysed by following the dynamics of plant and microbial communities, roots and soil organic matter fractions over 2\uffe2\uff80\uff83years. After disturbance change, mesocosms were continuously exposed to13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90labelled CO2, which allowed us to trace both the incorporation of new litter C produced by a modified plant community in soil and the fate of old unlabelled litter C.

3.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Changing disturbance intensity led to a cascade of events. After shift to high disturbance, photosynthesis decreased followed by a decline in root biomass and a change in plant community structure 1.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83months later. Those changes led to a decrease of soil fungi, a proliferation of Gram(+) bacteria and accelerated decomposition of old particulate organic C (<6\uffe2\uff80\uff83months). At last, accelerated decomposition released plant available nitrogen and decreased soil C storage. Our results indicate that intensified grazing triggers proliferation of Gram(+) bacteria and subsequent faster decomposition by reducing roots adapted to low disturbance.

4.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Synthesis. Plant communities exert control on microbial communities and decomposition through the activity of their living roots: slow\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing plants adapted to low disturbance reduce Gram(+) bacteria, decomposition of low and high quality litter, nitrogen availability and, thus, ingress of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90growing plants. Our results indicate that grazing impacts on soil carbon storage by altering plant roots and their control on the soil microbial community and decomposition, and that these processes will foster decomposition and soil C loss in more productive and disturbed grassland systems.

", "keywords": ["580", "disturbance", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "decomposition", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "carbon cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "matter", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "nitrogen cycling", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "ARISA", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "PLFA", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grassland", "microbial community", "environment", "management", "particulate organic"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01549.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01549.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01549.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01549.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.12409", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:19:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-22", "title": "Fire, Hurricane And Carbon Dioxide: Effects On Net Primary Production Of A Subtropical Woodland", "description": "Summary

Disturbance affects most terrestrial ecosystems and has the potential to shape their responses to chronic environmental change.

Scrub\uffe2\uff80\uff90oak vegetation regenerating from fire disturbance in subtropical Florida was exposed to experimentally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration (+350\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcl\uffc2\uffa0l\uffe2\uff88\uff921) using open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers for 11\uffc2\uffa0yr, punctuated by hurricane disturbance in year 8. Here, we report the effects of elevated CO2 on aboveground and belowground net primary productivity (NPP) and nitrogen (N) cycling during this experiment.

The stimulation of NPP and N uptake by elevated CO2 peaked within 2\uffc2\uffa0yr after disturbance by fire and hurricane, when soil nutrient availability was high. The stimulation subsequently declined and disappeared, coincident with low soil nutrient availability and with a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced reduction in the N concentration of oak stems.

These findings show that strong growth responses to elevated CO2 can be transient, are consistent with a progressively limited response to elevated CO2 interrupted by disturbance, and illustrate the importance of biogeochemical responses to extreme events in modulating ecosystem responses to global environmental change.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY", "Scrub oak ecosystem", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Quercus", "Soil", "nitrogen cycling", "oak woodland", "ECOSYSTEMS", "Global environmental change", "Biomass", "ROOT BIOMASS", "disturbance", "Florida scrub", "elevated CO2", "Elevated atmospheric CO2", "Plant Stems", "Cyclonic Storms", "Aboveground biomass", "FOREST PRODUCTIVITY", "Hurricane", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "Fire", "Soil carbon", "LONG-TERM EXPOSURE", "Net primary productivity", "Long term exposure", "Florida", "Elevated CO2", "fire", "FLORIDA SCRUB", "ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS", "Nitrogen cycling", "TERRESTRIAL", "Oak woodland", "ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2", "Elevated CO 2", "Nitrogen", "hurricane", "Forest productivity", "Fires", "Terrestrial ecosystems", "SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM", "Net primary productivity (NPP)", "Ecosystem", "Nitrogen use efficiency", "Atmosphere", "net primary productivity (NPP)", "Root biomass", "Plant Sciences", "global environmental change", "Disturbance", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "SOIL CARBON"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/biology_fac_pubs/article/1266/viewcontent/Day2013FireHurricaneandCarbonDioxideOCR.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12409"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.12409", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.12409", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.12409"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.709391", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-10", "title": "Nitrogen Deposition Effects on Soil Properties, Microbial Abundance, and Litter Decomposition Across Three Shrublands Ecosystems From the Mediterranean Basin", "description": "

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs in the Mediterranean Basin are projected to increase due to fossil fuel combustion, fertilizer use, and the exacerbation of agricultural production processes. Although increasing N deposition is recognized as a major threat to ecosystem functioning, little is known about how local environmental conditions modulate ecosystem function response to N addition, particularly in the context of Mediterranean-Basin ecosystems. Here, we assess how N addition affects important ecosystem properties associated with litter decomposition, soil physical-chemical properties, soil extracellular enzymatic activity and microbial abundance across three long-term N addition experimental sites in the Mediterranean Basin. Sites were located in El Regajal (Madrid, Spain), Capo Caccia (Alghero, Italy), and Arr\u00e1bida (Lisbon, Portugal) and are all representative of Mediterranean shrublands. No common pattern for litter decomposition process or other studied variables emerged among the control plots of the studied sites. Nitrogen supply only affected soil pH, a major driver of decomposition, in two out of three experimental sites. Moreover, when we explored the role of N addition and soil pH in controlling litter decay, we found that the effects of these factors were site-dependent. Our results point out to local ecosystem features modulating N addition effects in controlling litter decomposition rates in Mediterranean ecosystems, suggesting that the responses of soil functioning to N deposition are site-dependent. These findings provide further knowledge to understand contrasting ecosystem responses to N additions based on a single field experiments.

", "keywords": ["Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "Coordinated research networks", "anthropogenic disturbance", "Soil organic matter decomposition", "Tea bag index", "air pollution", "tea bag index", "Air pollution", "Edafolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "air pollution; anthropogenic disturbance; coordinated research networks; mediterranean semiarid ecosystems; soil extracellular enzymatic activity; soil organic matter decomposition; spatial and temporal heterogeneity; tea bag index", "spatial and temporal heterogeneity", "Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Soil extracellular enzymatic activity", "GE1-350", "574.4(4-13)", "2. Zero hunger", "coordinated research networks", "Edafolog\u00eda", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "631.4(4-13)", "15. Life on land", "mediterranean semiarid ecosystems", "6. Clean water", "Spatial and temporal heterogeneity", "Environmental sciences", "2401.06 Ecolog\u00eda animal", "13. Climate action", "Anthropogenic disturbance", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil organic matter decomposition", "soil extracellular enzymatic activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniss.it/bitstream/11388/274359/2/fenvs-09-709391.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.709391"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.709391", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.709391", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2021.709391"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.24072/pcjournal.537", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-23", "title": "Evaluating the Effects of Environmental Disturbances and Pesticide Mixtures on N-cycle related Soil Microbial Endpoints", "description": "ABSTRACT

Pesticides are widely used in conventional agriculture, either applied separately or in combination during the culture cycle. Due to their occurrence and persistence in soils, pesticide residues may have an impact on soil microbial communities and on supported ecosystem services. In this regard, the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) recently published a scientific opinion inciting to change pesticide risk assessment to better protect soil microbe-mediated processes. Climate change is another major concern for all living organisms including soil microbial community stability. Extreme climatic events, such as heat waves or heavy rainfalls, are becoming more and more frequent and their impact on soil microbial diversity and functions have already been demonstrated.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of temperature and humidity disturbances and pesticide active ingredients exposure on soil microbial community structure and functions. To this end, 250 soil microcosms were exposed to either a heat disturbance, a high humidity to mimic heavy rain, or no environmental disturbance. After three days of recovery, soil microcosms were treated with different active ingredients: clopyralid (herbicide), cypermethrin (insecticide) and pyraclostrobin (fungicide). The treatments were applied alone or in combination at 1x or 10x of the agronomical dose. We then evaluated the effects of the disturbances and the active ingredients on various microbial endpoints related to the diversity and the structure of soil microbial communities, and with a specific focus on microbial guilds involved in nitrification.

Overall, we demonstrated that the impact of environmental disturbances applied to soil microcosms, especially heat, on microbial endpoints was stronger than that of the active ingredients applied alone or in combinations. Compounded effects of environmental disturbances and active ingredients were detected, but sparsely and were of small scale for the chosen pesticides and applied doses.

Although the trait concept is increasingly used in research, quantitative relations that can support in determining ecological tipping points and serve as a basis for environmental standards are lacking. This study determines changes in trait abundance along a gradient of flow velocity, turbidity and elevation, and develops trait\u2013response curves, which facilitate the identification of ecological tipping points. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and abiotic conditions were determined at 88 different locations in the streams of the Guayas basin. After trait information collection, a set of trait diversity metrics were calculated. Negative binomial regression and linear regression were applied to relate the abundance of each trait and trait diversity metrics, respectively, to flow velocity, turbidity and elevation. Tipping points for each environmental variable in relation to traits were identified using the segmented regression method. The abundance of most traits increased with increasing velocity, while they decreased with increasing turbidity. The negative binomial regression models revealed that from a flow velocity higher than 0.5 m/s, a substantial increase in abundance occurs for several traits, and this is even more substantially noticed at values higher than 1 m/s. Furthermore, significant tipping points were also identified for elevation, wherein an abrupt decline in trait richness was observed below 22 m a.s.l., implying the need to focus water management in these altitudinal regions. Turbidity is potentially caused by erosion; thus, measures that can reduce or limit erosion within the basin should be implemented. Our findings suggest that measures mitigating the issues related to turbidity and flow velocity may lead to better aquatic ecosystem functioning. This quantitative information related to flow velocity might serve as a good basis to determine ecological flow requirements and illustrates the major impacts that hydropower dams can have in fast-running river systems. These quantitative relations between invertebrate traits and environmental conditions, as well as related tipping points, provide a basis to determine critical targets for aquatic ecosystem management, achieve improved ecosystem functioning and warrant trait diversity.

", "keywords": ["NUISANCE PARAMETER", "QH301-705.5", "BIOLOGICAL TRAITS", "Article", "flow velocity", "traits", "threshold values", "HUMAN DISTURBANCES", "14. Life underwater", "Biology (General)", "ECOLOGICAL WATER-QUALITY", "limnology", "sediments", "Biology and Life Sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "turbidity", "flow velocity; limnology; river management; threshold values; tipping points; traits; sediments; turbidity", "13. Climate action", "FINE SEDIMENT", "tipping points", "AQUATIC INSECTS", "MULTIPLE-STRESSORS", "STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATES", "HABITAT SUITABILITY", "river management", "INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/593/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/593/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12040593"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/biology12040593", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/biology12040593", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/biology12040593"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/d4030334", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-09-20", "description": "

We compared forest floor depth, soil organic matter, soil moisture, anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen (a measure of microbial biomass), denitrification potential, and soil/litter arthropod communities among old growth, unthinned mature stands, and thinned mature stands at nine sites (each with all three stand types) distributed among three regions of Oregon. Mineral soil measurements were restricted to the top 10 cm. Data were analyzed with both multivariate and univariate analyses of variance. Multivariate analyses were conducted with and without soil mesofauna or forest floor mesofauna, as data for those taxa were not collected on some sites. In multivariate analysis with soil mesofauna, the model giving the strongest separation among stand types (P = 0.019) included abundance and richness of soil mesofauna and anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen. The best model with forest floor mesofauna (P = 0.010) included anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen, soil moisture content, and richness of forest floor mesofauna. Old growth had the highest mean values for all variables, and in both models differed significantly from mature stands, while the latter did not differ. Old growth also averaged higher percent soil organic matter, and analysis including that variable was significant but not as strong as without it. Results of the multivariate analyses were mostly supported by univariate analyses, but there were some differences. In univariate analysis, the difference in percent soil organic matter between old growth and thinned mature was due to a single site in which the old growth had exceptionally high soil organic matter; without that site, percent soil organic matter did not differ between old growth and thinned mature, and a multivariate model containing soil organic matter was not statistically significant. In univariate analyses soil mesofauna had to be compared nonparametrically (because of heavy left-tails) and differed only in the Siskiyou Mountains, where they were most abundant and species rich in old growth forests. Species richness of mineral soil mesofauna correlated significantly (+) with percent soil organic matter and soil moisture, while richness of forest floor mesofauna correlated (+) with depth of the forest floor. Composition of forest floor and soil mesofauna suggest the two groups represent a single community. Soil moisture correlated highly with percent soil organic matter, with no evidence for drying in sites that were sampled relatively late in the summer drought, suggesting losses of surface soil moisture were at least partially replaced by hydraulic lift (which has been demonstrated in other forests of the region).

", "keywords": ["soil arthropods", "disturbance", "0106 biological sciences", "soil organic matter; soil nitrogen; soil moisture; soil arthropods; thinning; disturbance; forest management", "QH301-705.5", "soil organic matter", "soil nitrogen", "thinning", "forest management", "soil moisture", "Biology (General)", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Robert P. Griffiths, Andrew R. Moldenke, David A. Perry, Stephanie L. Madson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/4/3/334/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/d4030334"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Diversity", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/d4030334", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/d4030334", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/d4030334"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs12040638", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-20", "title": "Historical Aerial Surveys Map Long-Term Changes of Forest Cover and Structure in the Central Congo Basin", "description": "

Given the impact of tropical forest disturbances on atmospheric carbon emissions, biodiversity, and ecosystem productivity, accurate long-term reporting of Land-Use and Land-Cover (LULC) change in the pre-satellite era (<1972) is an imperative. Here, we used a combination of historical (1958) aerial photography and contemporary remote sensing data to map long-term changes in the extent and structure of the tropical forest surrounding Yangambi (DR Congo) in the central Congo Basin. Our study leveraged structure-from-motion and a convolutional neural network-based LULC classifier, using synthetic landscape-based image augmentation to map historical forest cover across a large orthomosaic (~93,431 ha) geo-referenced to ~4.7 \uffc2\uffb1 4.3 m at submeter resolution. A comparison with contemporary LULC data showed a shift from previously highly regular industrial deforestation of large areas to discrete smallholder farming clearing, increasing landscape fragmentation and providing opportunties for substantial forest regrowth. We estimated aboveground carbon gains through reforestation to range from 811 to 1592 Gg C, partially offsetting historical deforestation (2416 Gg C), in our study area. Efforts to quantify long-term canopy texture changes and their link to aboveground carbon had limited to no success. Our analysis provides methods and insights into key spatial and temporal patterns of deforestation and reforestation at a multi-decadal scale, providing a historical context for past and ongoing forest research in the area.

", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "aerial survey", "550", "Science", "CONSERVATION", "ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE", "03 medical and health sciences", "TROPICAL DEFORESTATION", "RATES", "congo basin", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "cnn", "580", "CARBON EMISSIONS", "aerial survey; data recovery; CNN; deep learning; SfM; Congo Basin", "0303 health sciences", "PHOTOGRAPHS", "Q", "deep learning", "15. Life on land", "Congo Basin", "LAND-COVER", "sfm", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "SfM", "cavelab", "General Earth and Planetary Sciences", "CO2", "VEGETATION", "SELF-SIMILARITY", "CNN", "data recovery"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/638/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/638/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040638"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs12040638", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs12040638", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs12040638"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/soilsystems3030045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:21:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-15", "title": "Sounds of Soil: A New World of Interactions under Our Feet?", "description": "

Soils are biodiversity-dense and constantly carry chemical flows of information, with our mental image of soil being dark and quiet. But what if soil biota tap sound, or more generally, vibrations as a source of information? Vibrations are produced by soil biota, and there is accumulating evidence that such vibrations, including sound, may also be perceived. We here argue for potential advantages of sound/vibration detection, which likely revolve around detection of potential danger, e.g., predators. Substantial methodological retooling will be necessary to capture this form of information, since sound-related equipment is not standard in soils labs, and in fact this topic is very much at the fringes of the classical soil research at present. Sound, if firmly established as a mode of information exchange in soil, could be useful in an \uffe2\uff80\uff98acoustics-based\uffe2\uff80\uff99 precision agriculture as a means of assessing aspects of soil biodiversity, and the topic of sound pollution could move into focus for soil biota and processes.

", "keywords": ["580", "disturbance", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Physical geography", "0303 health sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil", "GB3-5030", "sound", "Chemistry", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "vibration", "QD1-999", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/3/3/45/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3030045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/soilsystems3030045", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/soilsystems3030045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/soilsystems3030045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:22:09Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Plant composition of northern temperate pastures and their disturbance history in Alberta, Canada", "description": "unspecifiedMethods copied from our accepted manuscript:\u00a0Pyle, Lysandra A., Hall, Linda, and Bork, Edward W. (In Press). Northern temperate pastures exhibit divergent plant community responses to management and disturbance legacies identified through a producer survey. Applied Vegetation Science. 1.\u00a0 Study location We surveyed 102 pastures during 2012 (n=44) and 2013 (n=58) between May 24 and July 6, distributed across agricultural lands within 80 km of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.\u00a0 About half the pastures were in the Central Parkland (n=50), with the remainder in the Dry Mixedwood (n=50) and Central Mixedwood (n=2) subregions.\u00a0A large and well-distributed sample size ensured wide variation in soil textures, seeded and non-seeded vegetation, and management actions. Pastures were selected using a stratified random approach, separated by at least 800 m. Pastures were identified through consultation with municipal county staff, then driving roadsides to confirm suitable fields visually. Pastures had to accommodate a 260 m long transect (minimum of 4 ha) with buffer zones from wetlands (30 m), forests and fence lines (10 m), with larger pastures given preference.\u00a0Acquisition of sites was constrained by landowners\u2019 willingness to grant permission to their land, although refusals were uncommon (n < 10). A privacy agreement with landowners prohibits us from releasing the locations of pastures. 2. Producer management and disturbance history \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pasture management and disturbance history were acquired for all 102 pastures through a retrospective, in-person interview.\u00a0Interviews were approved by the University of Alberta\u2019s Research Ethics Board (ID: Pro0030842). Interviews identified historical and current land-use practices and natural disturbances potentially influencing soil and vegetation. Managers were initially asked about ownership and whether the pasture had been previously cultivated. If cultivated, managers estimated when it was planted (grassland age) and how (seeding history was described in Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018); cultivation status could also be classified as unknown (attributed to land-turnover or rented pasture). Recent management actions were summarized, including grazing history (grazing system, timing of grazing, number of animals, type of livestock, supplemental feeding with hay), mechanical treatments (aerated, harrowed, or swathed/mowed), nutrient addition (fertilizer or manure), or herbicide application. Livestock stocking rates [in animal-unit-months per ha (AUM ha-1)] were calculated for pastures (n=80) where adequate information on grazing activities was obtained (see Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018), where one AUM is the forage required to support a mature cow (with or without a calf) for one month. Other natural disturbances capable of influencing vegetation, such as a known history of recent fire, were recorded. All management actions and disturbance factors are described in Appendix S1 (Applied Vegetation Science manuscript). 3. Plant cover, ground cover, and soil properties \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Following the interview, a grassland assessment was conducted. To begin sampling, a random point was located from which a 260 m long \u2018W-transect\u2019 was laid out (Thomas, 1985). Plant composition and ground cover were assessed at nine equidistant locations using a 0.25 m2 quadrat. Foliar cover was estimated for each plant species, with trace species recorded as 0.1%. Plants were identified (Moss & Packer, 1983) and nomenclature updated using VASCAN (Brouillet et al., 2018). Plant species were later grouped into major cover components by origin (total native, total introduced) and growth form [forbs, graminoids (grasses, sedges, rushes)], as well as functional groups such as introduced grasses (seeded or widely naturalized), introduced legumes (seeded or widely naturalized), introduced ruderal forbs (agronomic weeds), noxious weeds [defined by the Weed Control Act (Province of Alberta, 2010)], native perennial graminoids, native perennial forbs, native ruderal forbs, and native woody plants. These functional groups are related to rangeland health, which evaluates key forages, along with unpalatable and disturbance-induced plants. For each pasture, plant community richness, diversity (effective number of species), and Pielou\u2019s evenness were summarized for inclusion in multivariate analyses. At all locations where cover was observed, the area of litter and exposed mineral soil on the ground surface were estimated, and litter depth was measured at five random locations within the 0.25 m2 frame. Mineral soil was sampled to a depth of 15 cm at ten random locations. During preparation of soil cores (Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2019), charcoal layers in the top 15 cm of mineral soil were often found, indicating fire occurrence in the pasture\u2019s history and not reported by managers. For each grassland, soil properties including % total carbon (C), % total nitrogen (N), carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N), organic matter (OM), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and texture (% clay, % sand, % silt) were measured. Procedures and specific responses are summarized elsewhere (Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2019). 4. Rangeland health \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Rangeland health was assessed using the Tame Pasture Assessment Form developed by Alberta Environment and Parks (Adams et al., 2010; resources available at https://www.alberta.ca/range-health.aspx). In brief, this process evaluated grasslands based on six criteria, including: (1) vegetation composition and forage cover (tame or modified-tame), (2) the status of vegetation as either desirable (i.e., tall, productive forages) or non-desirable (non-palatable) species in tame pasture, (3) hydrologic function and nutrient cycling (abundance of litter), (4) site stability (exposed mineral soil and evidence of erosion), (5) noxious weeds, and (6) encroachment by woody plants (scoring is summarized in Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018). In total, 60% of the health score arises from vegetation attributes, 25% from hydrologic function, and 15% from site stability (Adams et al., 2010). 5. Literature Cited Adams, B. W., Ehlert, G., Stone, C., Lawrence, D., Alexander, M., Willoughby, M., Hincz, C., Moisey, D., Burkinshaw, A., Carlson, J., & France, K. (2010). Rangeland health assessment for grassland, forest and tame pasture. Public Lands and Forests Division, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Alberta, Canada. \u00a0 Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, B\u00e9lisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, & Contributors. (2018). Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Online at http://data.canadensys.net/vascan. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.3100\u00a0 [accessed in August 2018] \u00a0 Moss, E. H., & Packer, J. G. (1983). Flora of Alberta: a manual of flowering plants, conifers, ferns, and fern allies found growing without cultivation in the Province of Alberta, Canada (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press, London, Ontario, Canada. Province of Alberta. 2010. Weed Control Act. Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Pyle, L. A, Hall, L. M. & Bork, E. W. (2018). Linking management practices with range health in northern temperate pastures. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 98(3), 657-671. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2017-0223 Pyle, L. A, Hall, L. M., & Bork, E. W. (2019). Soil properties in northern temperate pastures do not vary with management practices and are independent of rangeland health. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 99(4), 495-507. https://doi.org/10.1139/CJSS-2019-0076 Thomas, A. G. (1985). Weed survey system used in Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Science, 33(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500083892", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pasture management", "plant composition", "vegetation composition", "disturbance legacy", "15. Life on land", "rangeland health", "12. Responsible consumption", "fire history", "cultivation", "soil properties", "pasture inputs", "FOS: Other agricultural sciences", "producer survey"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.10624293", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:22:41Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Database of soil vulnerability to natural forest disturbances", "description": "The data in this repository relate to evidence synthesis projects which aim to assess the impacts of different natural disturbances, such as fire and precipitation changes on forest soils. This work was carried out as part of the Holisoils project funded by EU Horizon 2020 program (EU Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 101000289).", "keywords": ["forest", "precipitation reductions", "windthrow", "precipitation increases", "natural disturbances", "soil biodiversity", "drought", "precipitation change", "insect pest", "fire"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Martin, Philip", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10624293"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.10624293", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.10624293", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.10624293"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-01GZNG9XD0YQ88N9VFWJ230QK9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:26:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-14", "title": "Determining Tipping Points and Responses of Macroinvertebrate Traits to Abiotic Factors in Support of River Management", "description": "

Although the trait concept is increasingly used in research, quantitative relations that can support in determining ecological tipping points and serve as a basis for environmental standards are lacking. This study determines changes in trait abundance along a gradient of flow velocity, turbidity and elevation, and develops trait\u2013response curves, which facilitate the identification of ecological tipping points. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and abiotic conditions were determined at 88 different locations in the streams of the Guayas basin. After trait information collection, a set of trait diversity metrics were calculated. Negative binomial regression and linear regression were applied to relate the abundance of each trait and trait diversity metrics, respectively, to flow velocity, turbidity and elevation. Tipping points for each environmental variable in relation to traits were identified using the segmented regression method. The abundance of most traits increased with increasing velocity, while they decreased with increasing turbidity. The negative binomial regression models revealed that from a flow velocity higher than 0.5 m/s, a substantial increase in abundance occurs for several traits, and this is even more substantially noticed at values higher than 1 m/s. Furthermore, significant tipping points were also identified for elevation, wherein an abrupt decline in trait richness was observed below 22 m a.s.l., implying the need to focus water management in these altitudinal regions. Turbidity is potentially caused by erosion; thus, measures that can reduce or limit erosion within the basin should be implemented. Our findings suggest that measures mitigating the issues related to turbidity and flow velocity may lead to better aquatic ecosystem functioning. This quantitative information related to flow velocity might serve as a good basis to determine ecological flow requirements and illustrates the major impacts that hydropower dams can have in fast-running river systems. These quantitative relations between invertebrate traits and environmental conditions, as well as related tipping points, provide a basis to determine critical targets for aquatic ecosystem management, achieve improved ecosystem functioning and warrant trait diversity.

", "keywords": ["NUISANCE PARAMETER", "QH301-705.5", "BIOLOGICAL TRAITS", "Article", "flow velocity", "traits", "threshold values", "HUMAN DISTURBANCES", "14. Life underwater", "Biology (General)", "ECOLOGICAL WATER-QUALITY", "limnology", "sediments", "Biology and Life Sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "turbidity", "flow velocity; limnology; river management; threshold values; tipping points; traits; sediments; turbidity", "13. Climate action", "FINE SEDIMENT", "tipping points", "AQUATIC INSECTS", "MULTIPLE-STRESSORS", "STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATES", "HABITAT SUITABILITY", "river management", "INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/593/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/4/593/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-01GZNG9XD0YQ88N9VFWJ230QK9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-01GZNG9XD0YQ88N9VFWJ230QK9", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-01GZNG9XD0YQ88N9VFWJ230QK9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-01GZNG9XD0YQ88N9VFWJ230QK9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14926032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:23:37Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "DATASET: Climatic and edaphic drivers of soil organic carbon and pyrogenic carbon stocks across elevation and disturbance gradients in Colombian Andean forests", "description": "The dataset contains information on: entry variables in column: soil pyrogenic carbon PyC (Org) (Mg/ha), PyC (mg cm-3), NDVI(Nrmalized Difference Vegetation Index), Slope (degrees), AMT (Annual Mean Temperature in degrees Celsius), AP (Annual precipitation in mm), pH ( measure of soil acidity or alkalinity), P_available ( phosphorus available, in mg/kg), Tot_ p (Total phosphorus, in mg/kg), sand (%), clay (%), silt (%), Ca_ex (exchangeable calcium, in meq/100g), Mg_ex (exchangeable magnesium, in meq/100g), K_ex (exchangeable potassium, in meq/100g), and Na_ex (exchangeable sodium, in meq/100g). Disturbance (entries by row: low, m\u00e9dium, high, very high); Zone (entries by row: high Andes (h_And), m\u00e9dium Andes (m_And), and low Andes (l_And); and \u00a0Depth (cm), entries by row: 0-5 cm, 20-30 cm, 30-50 cm and 50-100 cm", "keywords": ["elevation gradients", "anthropogenic disturbance", "tropical ecosystem", "Agrosilvopastural systems", "mean annual temperature", " pyrogenic carbon"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Montes-Pulido, Carmen R, Bird, Michael I., Serrano, Julieth, Quesada, Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14926032"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14926032", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14926032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14926032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.5150647", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-24T16:24:16Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil microarthropods, ground-dwelling arthropods and soil properties in mown and grazed grasslands in the Veluwe region", "description": "Open AccessIn order to find out which factors limit the restoration of soil life and their ecosystem services under grasslands on sandy soils, we studied 40 grasslands of which 20 had agricultural and 20 nature land use, all after an agricultural history. Site selection Within the Veluwe region (The Netherlands), we selected 40 grasslands: 20 agricultural grasslands and 20 nature grasslands which were managed as new nature reserves since last tillage. Within each of these two land-use types, two types of grassland management were selected: mowing and grazing. Within each of the four combinations of land use and management we selected ten grasslands over a broad age range since last tillage. All grasslands were located on sandy soils (Typic Haploquod and Plaggeptic Haploquod; Soil Survey Staff 1999) with a deep water table to rule out dispersal of soil fauna during waterlogging (Siepel 1996; Jabbour & Barbercheck 2008). Vegetation and insect surveys Within each grassland a 5\ufffd\ufffd5 meter monitoring plot was laid-out for plant cover surveys, insect and soil-microarthropod sampling and soil analyses. The vegetation surveys were carried out in 2019 at the end of May and in early June, using the Braun-Blanquet method (Braun-Blanquet 1932). In June 2019 soil-surface dwelling insects were sampled with a pitfall trap (Wiggers et al. 2015). Three pitfall traps (8 cm diameter, ca. 20 cm deep) were placed in each plot. Traps were half filled with a solution of water and glycol (3:1) and 3 % Extran soap. A plexiglass cover 20 cm above the trap prevented rainfall diluting the liquid. Traps were removed and emptied after seven days. Insects were identified and grouped at the order level, however, predator groups (carabid and staphylinid beetles, ants and spiders) were identified to the species level in order to group those by their feeding guild. Before analyzing the pitfall trap catches we first removed certain groups from the counts because pitfall traps are not well-suited to catch them systematically: Acari, Collembola, Psocoptera, Thysanoptera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera, Diptera, Symphyta, Apocrita, and Parasitica. The remaining 62.0% of the caught individuals were surface-dwelling animals, and their totals (of three pitfall traps per site) were analyzed with negative-binomial generalized linear models. We also analyzed the subset of predators (73.6% of the surface dwellers). Soil chemical and pesticide sampling and analysis On 8, 9 and 16 October 2019, a bulk soil sample of 50 soil cores (0 - 10 cm) was collected from each 5\ufffd\ufffd5 meter monitoring plot. After homogenization a sub-sample was analyzed for soil chemical analysis. Prior to chemical analysis, samples were oven-dried at 40 \ufffd\ufffdC. Soil acidity of the oven-dried samples was measured in 1 M KCl (pH-KCl). Soil Organic Matter (SOM) was determined by loss-on-ignition (Ball 1964). Ammonium-lactate-extractable P (PAL) was determined according to the standard method (Bronswijk et al. 2003). Total potassium (K) in solution was determined using flame photometry after extraction of soil with HCl (0.1 M) and oxalic acid (0.5 M) in a 1:10 M:V ratio and filtration (Bronswijk et al. 2003). Clay (<2 \ufffd\ufffdm diameter) content was determined through density fractionation (NEN 5753, 2018). Another soil sub-sample was sent to Eurofins Zeeuws-Vlaanderen for pesticide/residue analysis. Samples were freeze-dried and homogenized prior to analysis. Homogenized samples were extracted with acetone, petroleum ether and dichloro-methane using an optimized mini-Luke method. In total 664 pesticides and pesticide residues were analyzed with gas chromatography (Agilent) and liquid chromatography (LC-chromatograph (Agilent) and MSMS (Sciex)). Glyphosate, its residue AMPA and gluphosinate were analyzed using single residue analysis. The detection limit (LOD) was 0,1 mg per kg sample. Soil microarthropods sampling and determination Grasslands were sampled for microarthropods on 8, 9 and 16 October 2019, taking three cores per monitoring plot of 5\ufffd\ufffd5 m. Cores were 5 cm \ufffd\ufffd and 5 cm deep mineral soil plus upper litter. Cores were taken in the middle of the monitoring plots, 1 m apart from each other. Cores were extracted on a Tullgren funnel for 7 days. During that period temperature was increased from 35 to 45 0C. Ethanol 70% was used as conservation fluid and microarthropods obtained were put into lactic acid 30% for clarification and identification (Siepel & van de Bund 1988). Identification for the main groups is according to Weigmann (2006) for Oribatida, Karg (1993) for Gamasina and Karg (1989) for Uropodina. Nomenclature is according to Siepel et al. (2009) (Oribatida), Siepel et al. (2016) (Astigmatina) and Siepel et al. (2018) (Mesostigmata). Litter decomposition To determine the potential decomposition of soil organic matter on each grassland the Tea Bag Index (TBI) was used (Keuskamp et al. 2013). In each grassland four green tea and four rooibos tea bags were buried at 8 cm deep in May 2019 in the 5\ufffd\ufffd5 meter monitoring plots. After 90 days tea bags were collected and stored at 4 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdC prior to drying at 70 \ufffd\ufffd\ufffdC for 48 hours. After drying, remaining sand and (fine) plant roots were carefully removed and the teabags were weighted to determine weight loss. The decomposition rate (k) and the litter stabilization factor (S) of the tea was calculated using the Tea Bag Index (Keuskamp et al. 2013). Data files siteData.csv site: grassland ID landuse: agricultural or nature land use treat: mowing or grazing management yearsManaged: number of years since last tillage fertilization: kg available nitrogen applied per hectare nGrazingDaysPerHa: livestock days per hectare per year N: mg nitrogen per 100 g PAl: mg P205 per 100 g organicMatter: soil organic matter percentage clay: soil clay percentage nPlantSpecies: number of plant species nForbSpecies: number of forb species nMitesSpringtails: total number of individuals of mites and springtails in three core samples nMitesSpringtailsSpecies: number of mite and springtail species in three core samples shannonMitesSpringtails: Shannon diversity index for microarthropods (mites and springtails) nHerboFungivorousGrazerMitesSpringtails: total number of individuals of mites and springtails that are (herbo-)fungivorous grazers, in three core samples nInsectsSpidersPitfall: number of ground-dwelling insect and spider individuals in pitfall traps nPredatorInsectsSpidersPitfall: number of ground-dwelling insect and spider individuals that are predators, in pitfall traps decompositionRate: decomposition rate based on the Tea Bag Index litterStabilisationFactor: litter stabilization factor based on the Tea Bag Index nPesticides: number of detected pesticides avicidesTotalConcentration: microgram antraquinon per kg dry soil fungicidesTotalConcentration: total microgram of fungicides per kg dry soil insecticidesTotalConcentration: total microgram of insecticides per kg dry soil herbicidesTotalConcentration: total microgram of herbicides per kg dry soil pesticidesTotalConcentration: total microgram of pesticides (avicides+fungicides+herbicides+insecticides) per kg dry soil nPredatorCarabids: number of predator carabid beetles in pitfall traps nPredatorStaphylinids: number of predator staphylinid beetles in pitfall traps distanceToNearestHighway: shortest distance (in meters) to the nearest highway (A-road) distanceToNearestNroad: shortest distance (in meters) to the nearest national road (N-road) mitesSpringtails.csv core: core ID, consisting of the site ID (number) and core-within-site ID (letter) species: soil mite or springtail taxon encountered in a soil core guild: feeding guild of the soil mite or springtail taxon: b: bacterivorous fb: fungivorous browser fg: fungivorous grazer gp: general predator hb: herbivorous browser hfg: (herbo-)fungivorous grazer hg: herbivorous grazer o: omnivore ohf: opportunistic herbo-fungivore droughtSens: drought strategy of soil mite and springtail taxa 1: drought avoiders 2: drought sensitive 3: drought mesotolerant 4: drought tolerant microart: number of individuals of a taxon found in a soil core insecticideData.csv fungicideData.csv herbicideData.csv site: grassland ID other variables: microgram of a certain pesticide per kg dry soil", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "tillage; nature restoration; regenerative agriculture; disturbance effects; food web interactions; pesticide residues", "food web interactions", "pesticide residues", "tillage", "disturbance effects", "15. Life on land", "regenerative agriculture", "nature restoration", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "van Eekeren, Nick, Jongejans, Eelke, van Agtmaal, Maaike, Guo, Yuxi, van der Velden, Merit, Versteeg, Carmen, Siepel, Henk,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5150647"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.5150647", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.5150647", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.5150647"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:25:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-28", "title": "Forest Carbon Dynamics Associated With Growth And Disturbances In Oklahoma And Texas, 1992-2006", "description": "Quantifying forest carbon changes associated with growth and major disturbances is important for management of greenhouse gas emissions related to forests. Regional-level approaches with improved local growth data may refine estimates obtained using coarser resolution information. This study integrates remote-sensing-derived land cover change products, harvest data, forest fire data, and local forest growth estimates at the county level to identify forest ecosystem carbon change for the states of Oklahoma and Texas (1992-2006). Whereas Oklahoma was a carbon sink of 0.5 Tg C yr-1, Texas was estimated to be a carbon source of -1.8 Tg C yr-1 for the period. The two states together functioned as a carbon source of -1.3 Tg C yr-1 for the entire period, although it was a small sink of 0.1 Tg C yr-1 in the recent period of 2001-2006 due to reduced annual rates of net forest-to-nonforest conversion and harvesting, compared to those in the early period of 1992-2001. Most counties located in the western portions of both states were small sinks of carbon during the period. Even though their growth rates are greater, many counties in the eastern portions of both states were carbon sources due to a higher intensity of forest-related disturbances. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate possible double-counting of harvest and cover change by assuming half of the sequestration and emissions from land cover changes were already counted as harvest. Results indicated Oklahoma would be a sink of 1.0 Tg C yr-1, and Texas would be a small carbon source of -0.1 Tg C yr-1. Uncertainty in forest area for the western portions of these states remains an important source of potential error.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "0106 biological sciences", "Net carbon exchange", "13. Climate action", "Major disturbances", "Carbon emission", "15. Life on land", "Ecological region", "Forest Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5849/sjaf.12-028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Southern%20Journal%20of%20Applied%20Forestry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "name": "item", "description": "10.5849/sjaf.12-028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5849/sjaf.12-028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10138/321770", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:25:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-30", "title": "Come to the dark side! The role of functional traits in shaping dark diversity patterns of south\u2010eastern European hoverflies", "description": "

1. Dark diversity represents the set of species that can potentially inhabit a given area under particular ecological conditions, but are currently \u2018missing\u2019 from a site. This concept allows characterisation of the mechanisms determining why species are sometimes absent from an area that seems ecologically suitable for them.

2. The aim of this study was to determine the dark diversity of hoverflies in south\u2010eastern Europe and to discuss the role of different functional traits that might increase the likelihood of species contributing to dark diversity. Based on expert opinion, the Syrph the Net database and known occurrences of species, the study estimated species pools, and observed and dark diversities within each of 11 defined vegetation types for 564 hoverfly species registered in south\u2010eastern Europe. To detect the most important functional traits contributing to species being in dark diversity across different vegetation types, a random forest algorithm and respective statistics for variable importance were used.

3. The highest dark diversity was found for southwest Balkan sub\u2010Mediterranean mixed oak forest type, whereas the lowest was in Mediterranean mixed forest type. Three larval feeding modes (saproxylic, and phytophagous on bulbs or roots) were found to be most important for determining the probability of a species contributing to hoverfly dark diversity, based on univariate correlations and random forest analysis.

4. This study shows that studying dark diversity might provide important insights into what drives community assembly in south\u2010eastern European hoverflies, especially its missing components, and contributes to more precise conservation prioritisation of both hoverfly species and their habitats.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "functional characteristics", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "LAND-USE", "vegetation types", "missing species", "Disturbance", "15. Life on land", "DIPTERA SYRPHIDAE", "FOREST", "01 natural sciences", "POLLINATORS", "COMMUNITY", "Ecology", " evolutionary biology", "MANAGEMENT", "BIODIVERSITY", "insects", "Syrphidae", "HABITAT", "OAK DECLINE", "richness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/een.12788"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10138/321770"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Entomology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10138/321770", "name": "item", "description": "10138/321770", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10138/321770"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1871.1/6a108faf-cde4-46ae-ada2-63182a618c9f", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:26:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-10-23", "title": "Demography, dynamics and data: building confidence for simulating changes in the world's forests", "description": "Summary

Vegetation demographic models (VDMs) are advanced tools for simulating forest responses to climate and land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use changes, and are essential for projecting carbon cycling and large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale forest management strategies. Despite their increasing incorporation into Earth System Models, VDMs differ in their demographic assumptions, with no prior quantitative comparison of their performance.

We benchmarked nine VDMs against observational data from boreal, temperate and tropical sites, assessing their accuracy in predicting tree growth, carbon turnover, biomass stocks and size distributions. Models were simulated under consistent climate conditions with postdisturbance recovery monitored for at least 420\uffe2\uff80\uff89yr.

Postdisturbance carbon recovery trajectories showed significant variability while remaining within observational ranges. Initial regrowth rates varied substantially (0.03\uffe2\uff80\uff930.60, 0.18\uffe2\uff80\uff930.70 and 0.35\uffe2\uff80\uff931.10 kgCm \uffe2\uff88\uff922 \uffe2\uff80\uff89yr \uffe2\uff88\uff921 for boreal, temperate and tropical sites, respectively), influenced by each model's initial forest state. Models captured mature forest carbon content but showed compensating effects between overestimated growth and underestimated mortality rates.

This first multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90model benchmarking identifies growth and mortality rates as critical calibration targets and highlights the need to refine postdisturbance establishment conditions for model development. We outline specific benchmarking variables needed to improve predictions of forest responses to environmental change.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs in the Mediterranean Basin are projected to increase due to fossil fuel combustion, fertilizer use, and the exacerbation of agricultural production processes. Although increasing N deposition is recognized as a major threat to ecosystem functioning, little is known about how local environmental conditions modulate ecosystem function response to N addition, particularly in the context of Mediterranean-Basin ecosystems. Here, we assess how N addition affects important ecosystem properties associated with litter decomposition, soil physical-chemical properties, soil extracellular enzymatic activity and microbial abundance across three long-term N addition experimental sites in the Mediterranean Basin. Sites were located in El Regajal (Madrid, Spain), Capo Caccia (Alghero, Italy), and Arr\u00e1bida (Lisbon, Portugal) and are all representative of Mediterranean shrublands. No common pattern for litter decomposition process or other studied variables emerged among the control plots of the studied sites. Nitrogen supply only affected soil pH, a major driver of decomposition, in two out of three experimental sites. Moreover, when we explored the role of N addition and soil pH in controlling litter decay, we found that the effects of these factors were site-dependent. Our results point out to local ecosystem features modulating N addition effects in controlling litter decomposition rates in Mediterranean ecosystems, suggesting that the responses of soil functioning to N deposition are site-dependent. These findings provide further knowledge to understand contrasting ecosystem responses to N additions based on a single field experiments.

", "keywords": ["Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "Coordinated research networks", "anthropogenic disturbance", "Soil organic matter decomposition", "Tea bag index", "air pollution", "tea bag index", "Air pollution", "Edafolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "air pollution; anthropogenic disturbance; coordinated research networks; mediterranean semiarid ecosystems; soil extracellular enzymatic activity; soil organic matter decomposition; spatial and temporal heterogeneity; tea bag index", "spatial and temporal heterogeneity", "Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Soil extracellular enzymatic activity", "GE1-350", "574.4(4-13)", "2. Zero hunger", "coordinated research networks", "Edafolog\u00eda", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Ecolog\u00eda", "631.4(4-13)", "15. Life on land", "mediterranean semiarid ecosystems", "6. Clean water", "Spatial and temporal heterogeneity", "Environmental sciences", "2401.06 Ecolog\u00eda animal", "13. Climate action", "Anthropogenic disturbance", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil organic matter decomposition", "soil extracellular enzymatic activity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniss.it/bitstream/11388/274359/2/fenvs-09-709391.pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/51098/1/fenvs-09-709391.pdf"}, {"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/50606/1/Lo%20Cascio%20et%20al%202021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1959.7/uws:65941"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1959.7/uws:65941", "name": "item", "description": "1959.7/uws:65941", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1959.7/uws:65941"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|od______2659::d1a12d46a64afc4d963666aa6cd0c66b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:27:58Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Database of soil vulnerability to natural forest disturbances", "description": "The data in this repository relate to evidence synthesis projects which aim to assess the impacts of different natural disturbances, such as fire and precipitation changes on forest soils. This work was carried out as part of the Holisoils project funded by EU Horizon 2020 program (EU Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 101000289).", "keywords": ["forest", "precipitation reductions", "windthrow", "precipitation increases", "natural disturbances", "soil biodiversity", "drought", "precipitation change", "insect pest", "fire"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Martin, Philip", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/50|od______2659::d1a12d46a64afc4d963666aa6cd0c66b"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "50|od______2659::d1a12d46a64afc4d963666aa6cd0c66b", "name": "item", "description": "50|od______2659::d1a12d46a64afc4d963666aa6cd0c66b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/50|od______2659::d1a12d46a64afc4d963666aa6cd0c66b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:zenodo.org:10624293", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-24T16:34:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Database of soil vulnerability to natural forest disturbances", "description": "The data in this repository relate to evidence synthesis projects which aim to assess the impacts of different natural disturbances, such as fire and precipitation changes on forest soils. 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