{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.still.2013.01.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-02-27", "title": "Soil Biochemical Properties In A Semiarid Mediterranean Agroecosystem As Affected By Long-Term Tillage And N Fertilization", "description": "Tillage and N fertilization practices contribute to the balance between soil C inputs and outputs. Thus, the impacts of both practices and their interactions on soil organic C (SOC) dynamics must be studied. The main objective of this study was to determine long-term effects of tillage and N fertilization on soil biochemical properties in a long-term experiment established in 1996 on a dryland Typic Xerofluvent soil cropped with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in NE Spain. The response of SOC concentration, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and soil enzyme activities (DHA, dehydrogenase, and PRA, protease) to different tillage (no-tillage, NT; reduced tillage, RT; and conventional tillage, CT) and N treatments (zero, 0 kg N ha\u22121; medium, 60 kg N ha\u22121; and high, 120 kg N ha\u22121) were measured in 2008 at four soil depths (i.e., 0\u20135, 5\u201310, 10\u201325 and 25\u201350 cm). All the soil biochemical properties studied showed significant differences for tillage, depth and the interaction between tillage and soil depth. However, N fertilization rates only affected the SMBC content, which was greater under 120 kg N ha\u22121 than under 0 kg N ha\u22121 in the 10\u201325 cm soil layer. In the soil surface layer (0\u20135 cm), SOC, SMBC and DHA levels in CT were about 50% of the levels in the NT plots. However, in the 10\u201325 cm soil layer, a greater SOC concentration in CT compared with NT and RT was also accompanied by SMBC and DHA values 30% higher in CT. Below 25 cm soil depth, similar values of soil biochemical properties were found among tillage systems. There was a significant correlation among almost all the parameters studied, with the greatest correlations between SOC and SMBC and between SOC and DHA. In semiarid Mediterranean conditions, after 12 years of experiment, tillage impacted soil biochemical properties in a greater extent compared with N fertilization even though this effect was only limited to the upper soil layers. This work was supported by the Comisi\u00f3n Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda of Spain (grants AGL2007-66320-CO2-01 and AGL2010-22050-CO3-01/02) and the European Union (FEDER funds).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Traditional tillage", "Dryland farming", "Soil microbial activity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Conservation tillage", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.01.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2013.01.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2013.01.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2013.01.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-01", "title": "Earthworm Populations Under Different Tillage Systems In Organic Farming", "description": "To understand how earthworms could improve soil porosity in no-tillage organic farming systems, the aim of our study was to compare the effect of different tillage systems on earthworm populations, from conventional (traditional mouldboard ploughing, MP and shallow mouldboard ploughing, SMP) to conservation tillage (reduced tillage, RT, direct drilling or very superficial tillage, NT) in three organic arable systems in France (sites A\u2013C). In a second stage, the effect of earthworm activity on soil porosity under the four tillage systems was assessed at sites A and B. Earthworm abundance, biomass and diversity were measured over a 2\u20133-year period at the 3 sites. During the same period, soil structure (soil profile description and soil bulk density) and open worm burrows in the soil were assessed at sites A and B. After 3 years of experiments, it was found that at 2 sites earthworm abundance and biomass were higher in NT than with ploughing or reduced tillage. The increase of earthworms in NT is mainly due to anecic species increase. Earthworm abundance and biomass tend to decrease regardless of the tillage techniques employed at sites with a ley, and conversely, tend to increase in NT and RT at sites initially ploughed. In the short term, the increase of anecic species in NT has no effect on soil porosity evolution: NT soils were more compacted than those which were ploughed. A long-term experiment is required to assess the effect of biological activity on the physical components of soil in organic farming.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Organic farming", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Soil tillage", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil biology", "Abundance", "Soil structure", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2017.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-02-24", "title": "Effects Of Tillage, Crop Rotation And N Application Rate On Labile And Recalcitrant Soil Carbon In A Mediterranean Vertisol", "description": "The quantification of labile and recalcitrant fractions of organic C could provide valuable information in the study of soil organic carbon (SOC) changes in agrosystems. Few studies have determined the effects of farming practices on the recalcitrant and labile fractions of SOC at depth in a Mediterranean Vertisol. Our objective was to determine the effects of tillage, crop rotation and N fertilization on labile and recalcitrant SOC fractions and characterize d13C in a soil profile (0\u2013120 cm) from a long-term experiment established in 1986 on rainfed Mediterranean Vertisols in southern Spain. The following treatments were studied: conventional tillage (CT) vs. no-tillage (NT); three crop rotations (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]\u2013chickpea [Cicer arietinum L.], wheat\u2013sunflower [Helianthus annuus L.] and wheat\u2013faba-bean [Vicia faba L.]); and two N fertilizer application rates (0 and 100 kg N ha-1 ). The SOC contents of the soil samples from five soil layers (0\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u201390 and 90\u2013120 cm) were determined. Throughout the experiment, the SOC content was greater in surface than in deep layers. The NT resulted in a greater SOC content than CT (10.7 Mg ha-1 and 8 Mg ha-1, respectively) in the most superficial soil layer. The SOC content was greater in the recalcitrant fraction than in the labile fraction (62% and 38% of total SOC, respectively). The recalcitrant SOC fraction was greater under CT than under NT. In the uppermost 15 cm, the labile organic C fraction was greater in the NT treatments than in the CT treatments because tillage resulted in a greater mineralization of the least stable forms of SOC. The influence of N rate and crop rotation on SOC was very low. The stable C isotopic composition (d13C) was greater at depth than at the surface for both total SOC and the recalcitrant fraction. The labile fraction had more 13C than the recalcitrant fraction. The d13C value was greater under CT than under NT for both soil fractions. Tillage system exerted a notable influence in both soil fractions and therefore in the organic matter quality since the labile fraction is an indicator of this quality.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Conventional tillage", "No-tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agrosystems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Farming practices", "Organic carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2017.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2017.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2017.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-02-10", "title": "Estimated N Leaching Losses For Organic And Conventional Farming In Denmark", "description": "

The impact of organic, compared with conventional, farming practices on N leaching loss was studied for Danish mixed dairy and arable farms using an N balance approach based on representative data. On mixed dairy farms, a simple N balance method was used to estimate N surplus and N leaching loss. On arable farms, the simple N balance method was unreliable due to changes in the soil N pool. Consequently, the Farm ASSEssment Tool (FASSET) simulation model was used to estimate N surplus, N leaching loss and the changes in the soil N pool.

The study found a lower N leaching loss from organic than conventional mixed dairy farms, primarily due to lower N inputs. On organic arable farms, the soil N pool increased over time but the N leaching loss was comparable with conventional arable farms. The soil N pool was increased primarily by organic farming practices and incorporation of straw. The highest increase in the soil N pool was seen on soils with a low initial level of organic matter. The N leaching loss was dependent on soil type, the use of catch crops and the level of soil organic matter, whereas incorporation of straw had a minor effect. N leaching was highest on sandy soils with a high level of soil organic matter and no catch crops. The present results stress the importance of using representative data from organic and conventional farming practices in comparative studies of N leaching loss. Lack of representative data has been a major weakness of previous comparisons on N leaching losses on organic and conventional farms.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nutrient turnover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859605005812"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0021859605005812", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0021859605005812"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-02-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0021859617000193", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-03-27", "title": "Maize\u2013Common Bean Intercropping To Optimize Maize-Based Crop Production", "description": "SUMMARY

Maize (Zea maysL.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) intercropping is a recent practice in north-western Ethiopia and there is limited information on its productivity. A field experiment was conducted at South Achefer and Mecha in north-western Ethiopia during the 2012 and 2013 crop growing seasons to determine combinations of intercrop planting arrangement (IPA) with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) rates for optimizing maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93common bean intercrop productivity and profitability. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of two IPA (single row of common bean between maize rows and paired rows of common bean between paired rows of maize), two N rates (92 and 128 kg N/ha) and two P rates (20 and 40 kg P/ha). A sole crop maize with recommended fertilizer rate of 128/40 kg N/P/ha was used as a control treatment. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that land equivalent ratio was more than unity, and the intercrop system was 20% more productive relative to the sole crop. Maize equivalent yields were highest for most of the intercrop treatments relative to mono-crop maize with yield advantage of 14% from single row IPA with 128/20 kg N/P/ha. Single row IPA with 128/20 kg N/P/ha and paired row IPA with 92/20 kg N/P/ha increased financial returns by 16 and 8% relative to sole crop maize, respectively. Smallholder maize-based cropping of north-western Ethiopia could be nutritionally, agronomically and financially improved through maize\uffe2\uff80\uff93common bean intercropping of single row IPA with appropriate nutrient management.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "genetics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "crops", "maize", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alemayehu, A., Tamado, T., Nigussie, D., Yigzaw, D., Kinde, T., Wortmann, Charles S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859617000193"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0021859617000193", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0021859617000193", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0021859617000193"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s1742170511000317", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-22", "title": "Soil Fertility And Crop Yields In Long-Term Organic And Conventional Cropping Systems In Eastern Nebraska", "description": "Abstract

Organic agriculture aims to build soil quality and provide long-term benefits to people and the environment; however, organic practices may reduce crop yields. This long-term study near Mead, NE was conducted to determine differences in soil fertility and crop yields among conventional and organic cropping systems between 1996 and 2007. The conventional system (CR) consisted of corn (Zea maysL.) or sorghum (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench)\uffe2\uff80\uff93soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93sorghum or corn\uffe2\uff80\uff93soybean, whereas the diversified conventional system (DIR) consisted of corn or sorghum\uffe2\uff80\uff93sorghum or corn\uffe2\uff80\uff93soybean\uffe2\uff80\uff93winter wheat (wheat,Triticum aestivumL.). The animal manure-based organic system (OAM) consisted of soybean\uffe2\uff80\uff93corn or sorghum\uffe2\uff80\uff93soybean\uffe2\uff80\uff93wheat, while the forage-based organic system (OFG) consisted of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.)\uffe2\uff80\uff93alfalfa\uffe2\uff80\uff93corn or sorghum\uffe2\uff80\uff93wheat. Averaged across sampling years, soil organic matter content (OMC), P, pH, Ca, K, Mg and Zn in the top 15 cm of soil were greatest in the OAM system. However, by 2008 OMC was not different between the two organic systems despite almost two times greater carbon inputs in the OAM system. Corn, sorghum and soybean average annual yields were greatest in either of the two conventional systems (7.65, 6.36 and 2.60 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively), whereas wheat yields were greatest in the OAM system (3.07 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Relative to the mean of the conventional systems, corn yields were reduced by 13 and 33% in the OAM and OFG systems, respectively. Similarly, sorghum yields in the OAM and OFG systems were reduced by 16 and 27%, respectively. Soybean yields were 20% greater in the conventional systems compared with the OAM system. However, wheat yields were 10% greater in the OAM system compared with the conventional DIR system and 23% greater than yield in the OFG system. Alfalfa in the OFG system yielded an average of 7.41 Mg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921annually. Competitive yields of organic wheat and alfalfa along with the soil fertility benefits associated with animal manure and perennial forage suggest that aspects of the two organic systems be combined to maximize the productivity and sustainability of organic cropping systems.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic matter content", "Organic farming", "Animal manure", "Soil phosphorus", "Plant Sciences", "Botany", "Plant Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Horticulture", "15. Life on land", "Perennial forage", "Nutrient budgets", "630", "6. Clean water", "Agronomy and Crop Sciences", "Long-term crop rotations", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agricultural Science"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wortman, Samuel E., Galusha, Tomie D., Mason, Stephen C., Francis, Charles A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000317"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Renewable%20Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s1742170511000317", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s1742170511000317", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s1742170511000317"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-15", "title": "Using Mucuna And P Fertilizer To Increase Maize Grain Yield And N Fertilizer Use Efficiency In The Coastal Savanna Of Togo", "description": "To reduce severe soil degradation associated with agriculture an intensified land-use system is being promoted in West African countries. Most soils of the West African savanna zones are so poor that the efficiency of mineral fertilizers, if applied, is very low. For this reason and because of their high cost and unavailability, many small-scale farmers are reluctant to apply fertilizer. This work investigates a fertilizer management strategy using integrated soil fertility management with a leguminous cover crop (mucuna) so as to improve the soil fertility and increase the use efficiency of fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in the coastal savanna of Togo at Djaka Kope. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of mucuna short fallow (MSF) in increasing maize grain yield through an improved use efficiency of mineral fertilizer. A 2-year maize\u2013mucuna relay intercropping system was compared with continuous sole maize cropping. Fertilizer treatments were factorial combinations of 0, 50 and 100 kg nitrogen (N) ha\u20131 and 0, 20 and 40 kg phosphorus (P) ha\u20131. While maize grain yield was significantly increased by N fertilization, P did not show any important effect on grain yield. With no N and P applied, grain yield after MSF was on average 40% (572 kg ha\u20131) higher than without. The response to N was much greater than the response to MSF, indicating that N was undoubtedly the key element for maize yield building. P fertilization and MSF together positively influenced the apparent N recovery fraction (NRF). N uptake alone did not reflect on its own the yield obtained, and the relationship between grain yield and N uptake is shifted by MSF, with the grain yield increase per unit of N uptake being higher with than without MSF. Combining MSF and P fertilization may therefore lead to improved N use efficiency, making the application of fertilizer N (lower rates) more attractive to small-scale farmers.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Cover cropping", "Small-scale farming", "Green manure crops", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Mucuna", "01 natural sciences", "Coastal savanna", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "Togo", "Fallow", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mineral fertilizers"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fofana, B., Breman, H., Carsky, R. J., Van Reuler, H., Tamelokpo, A., Gnakpenou, K.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019457.43677.08"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1016087905272", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-29", "description": "Crop and livestock production in the Guinea savanna zone of northern Ghana has been declining over the past years as a result of increasing pressure on land. To sustain soil productivity, pigeon pea(Cajanus cajan), a leguminous perennial crop was evaluated for its potential as a short duration fallow crop for fodder and grain, and maize (Zea mays)production. It involved comparing a natural fallow (i.e., control) and four improved fallows of pigeon pea pruned annually at 30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm from the ground, and unpruned pigeon pea over a two-year period. After this time, the land was cleared manually and planted to maize. The highest mean annual biomass of pigeon pea over the two-year period of 6.1 t ha\u22121 dry matter (DM) was obtained by pruning at 60 cm. The highest leaf litter production and pigeon pea seed yield was obtained from the no pruning treatment. The mean maize grain yield from the improved fallow (3.02 t ha\u22121) in the first year after clearing was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of the natural fallow (1.54 t ha\u22121). Considering the biomass of pigeon pea from pruning, pigeon pea seed yield and maize grain yield after the pigeon pea, pruning pigeon pea at 60 cm is the most promising regime for crop-livestock production systems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "fallow", "pruning", "forestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "pigeon peas", "15. Life on land", "maize", "feed crops", "01 natural sciences", "mixed farming", "production systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cajanus cajan"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Agyare, W.A., Kombiok, J.M., Karbo, N., Larbi, Asamoah,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1016087905272"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1016087905272", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1016087905272", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1016087905272"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr15074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-03", "title": "Impact Of Reduced Tillage And Crop Residue Management On Soil Properties And Crop Yields In A Long-Term Trial In Western Kenya", "description": "

Sustainable farming practices are required to address the persistent problems of land degradation and declining crop productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Approaches such as reducing tillage and retaining crop residues as mulch are potential entry points for smallholder farmers to move towards sustainability. In this study, we assessed the impact of reduced tillage (RT) compared with conventional tillage (CT), each combined with crop residue reapplication, on soil quality indicators and crop yields under an 8-year trial in western Kenya. Our results indicate that RT combined with crop residue reapplication enhanced soil physical quality through increased macroaggregate (>2000\uffc2\uffb5m) proportions and mean weight diameter. Similarly, lower respiratory quotient values indicate that soil microbes under RT have better substrate-use efficiency than those under CT. Nevertheless, soil organic carbon (C), potentially mineralisable C, microbial biomass C and mineral nitrogen contents were all higher under CT with crop residue incorporated into the soil. Maize grain yield and aboveground biomass were also higher under CT. Thus, despite RT showing potential to improve soil physical properties, CT performed better. A stepwise approach is proposed towards the practice of conservation agriculture under resource-constrained smallholder farming conditions, starting with increased biomass production to provide crop residue for soil cover, followed by RT approaches.

", "keywords": ["labranza de conservaci\u00f3n", "2. Zero hunger", "soil chemicophysical properties", "soil fertility", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "smallholders", "12. Responsible consumption", "sistemas de explotaci\u00f3n", "nutrient management", "13. Climate action", "propiedades f\u00edsico - qu\u00edmicas suelo", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "rendimiento de cultivos"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr15074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr15074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "39587320", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:23:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-26", "title": "Wheat field earthworms under divergent farming systems across a European climate gradient", "description": "Abstract

Earthworms are a key faunal group in agricultural soils, but little is known on how farming systems affect their communities across wide climatic gradients and how farming system choice might mediate earthworms' exposure to climate conditions. Here, we studied arable soil earthworm communities on wheat fields across a European climatic gradient, covering nine pedo\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic zones, from Mediterranean to Boreal (S to N) and from Lusitanian to Pannonian (W to E). In each zone, 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9325 wheat fields under conventional or organic farming were sampled. Community metrics (total abundance, fresh mass, and species richness and composition) were combined with data on climate conditions, soil properties, and field management and analyzed with mixed models. There were no statistically discernible differences between organic and conventional farming for any of the community metrics. The effects of refined arable management factors were also not detected, except for an elevated proportion of subsurface\uffe2\uff80\uff90feeding earthworms when crop residues were incorporated. Soil properties were not significantly associated with earthworm community variations, which in the case of soil texture was likely due to low variation in the data. Pedo\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic zone was an overridingly important factor in explaining the variation in community metrics. The Boreal zone had the highest mean total abundance (179\uffe2\uff80\uff89individuals\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) and fresh mass (86\uffe2\uff80\uff89g\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) of earthworms while the southernmost Mediterranean zones had the lowest metrics (<1\uffe2\uff80\uff89individual\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 and <1\uffe2\uff80\uff89g\uffe2\uff80\uff89m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). Within each field, species richness was low across the zones, with the highest values being recorded at the Nemoral and North Atlantic zones (mean of 2\uffe2\uff80\uff933 species per field) and declining from there toward north and south. No litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90dwelling species were found in the southernmost, Mediterranean zones. These regional trends were discernibly related to climate, with the community metrics declining with the increasing mean annual temperature. The current continent\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide warming of Europe and related increase of severe and rapid onsetting droughts will likely deteriorate the living conditions of earthworms, particularly in southern Europe. The lack of interaction between the pedo\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic zone and the farming system in our data for any of the earthworm community metrics may indicate limited opportunities for alleviating the negative effects of a warming climate in cereal field soils of Europe.

Organic farming (OF) enhances top soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in croplands compared with conventional farming (CF), which can contribute to sequester C. As farming system differences in the amount of C inputs to soil (e.g. fertilization and crop residues) are not enough to explain such increase, shifts in crop residue traits important for soil C losses such as litter decomposition may also play a role.

To assess whether crop residue (leaf and root) traits determined SOC sequestration responses to OF, we coupled a global meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis with field measurements across a European\uffe2\uff80\uff90wide network of sites. In the meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis, we related crop species averages of leaf N, leaf\uffe2\uff80\uff90dry matter content, fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root C and N, with SOC stocks and sequestration responses in OF vs. CF. Across six European sites, we measured the management\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced changes in SOC stocks and leaf litter traits after long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term ecological intensive (e.g. OF) vs. CF comparisons.

Our global meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis showed that the positive OF\uffe2\uff80\uff90effects on soil respiration, SOC stocks, and SOC sequestration rates were significant even in organic farms with low manure application rates. Although fertilization intensity was the main driver of OF\uffe2\uff80\uff90effects on SOC, leaf and root N concentrations also played a significant role. Across the six European sites, changes towards higher leaf litter N in CF also promoted lower SOC stocks.

Our results highlight that crop species displaying traits indicative of resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90acquisitive strategies (e.g. high leaf and root N) increase the difference in SOC between OF and CF. Indeed, changes towards higher crop residue decomposability was related with decreased SOC stocks under CF across European sites.

Synthesis and applications. Our study emphasizes that, with management, changes in crop residue traits contribute to the positive effects of organic farming (OF) on soil carbon sequestration. These results provide a clear message to land managers: the choice of crop species, and more importantly their functional traits (e.g. leave and root nitrogen), should be considered in addition to management practices and climate, when evaluating the potential of OF for climate change mitigation.

", "keywords": ["SOC sequestration", "0301 basic medicine", "Organic farming", "Resource economics traits", "Soil Science", "Ecological intensification", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Markvetenskap", "630", "Soil quality", "climate change mitigation", "Climate change mitigation", "03 medical and health sciences", "ecological intensification", "organic farming", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Crop residue", "soil carbon stocks", "'Organics' in general", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "leaf nitrogen", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "resource economics traits", "meta-analysis", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Meta-analysis", "crop residue", "13. Climate action", "crop traits", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Leaf nitrogen", "Soil carbon stocks"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13113"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Applied%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2664.13113", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2664.13113", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2664.13113"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13396", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-03", "title": "The importance of biochar quality and pyrolysis yield for soil carbon sequestration in practice", "description": "Abstract

Biochar is a carbon (C)\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich material produced from biomass by anoxic or oxygen\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited thermal treatment known as pyrolysis. Despite substantial gaseous losses of C during pyrolysis, incorporating biochar in soil has been suggested as an effective long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term option to sequester CO 2 for climate change mitigation, due to the intrinsic stability of biochar C. However, no universally applicable approach that combines biochar quality and pyrolysis yield into an overall metric of C sequestration efficiency has been suggested yet. To ensure safe environmental use of biochar in agricultural soils, the International Biochar Initiative and the European Biochar Certificate have developed guidelines on biochar quality. In both guidelines, the hydrogen\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90organic C (H/C org ) ratio is an important quality criterion widely used as a proxy of biochar stability, which has been recognized also in the new EU regulation 2021/2088. Here, we evaluate the biochar C sequestration efficiency from published data that comply with the biochar quality criteria in the above guidelines, which may regulate future large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale field application in practice. The sequestration efficiency is calculated from the fraction of biochar C remaining in soil after 100\uffe2\uff80\uff89years (F perm ) and the C\uffe2\uff80\uff90yield of various feedstocks pyrolyzed at different temperatures. Both parameters are expressed as a function of H/C org . Combining these two metrics is relevant for assessing the mitigation potential of the biochar economy. We find that the C sequestration efficiency for stable biochar is in the range of 25%\uffe2\uff80\uff9350% of feedstock C. It depends on the type of feedstock and is in general a non\uffe2\uff80\uff90linear function of H/C org . We suggest that for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90based feedstock, biochar production that achieves H/C org of 0.38\uffe2\uff80\uff930.44, corresponding to pyrolysis temperatures of 500\uffe2\uff80\uff93550\uffc2\uffb0C, is the most efficient in terms of soil carbon sequestration. Such biochars reveal an average sequestration efficiency of 41.4% (\uffc2\uffb14.5%) over 100\uffe2\uff80\uff89years. Unsustainable soil management, climate change, and land degradation jeopardize soil biodiversity and soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated ecosystem functions. Although the transition from conventional to organic agriculture has been proposed as a potential solution to alleviate these pressures, there is limited evidence of its effectiveness in enhancing belowground biodiversity across different biogeographical regions, climates, and land degradation levels. In this study, we holistically assessed the status of soil biodiversity, from microorganisms to meso\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and macrofauna, in agroecosystems distributed across four continents. We identified the primary environmental community composition drivers and assessed the effects of the transition from conventional to organic management (no chemical inputs) on soil ecology. Our findings highlight the mean temperature and precipitation of the warmest and coldest quarters of the year, aridity, pH, and soil texture as the primary drivers of the different soil biodiversity components. Overall, organic farming has a significant but small impact on soil biodiversity compared to the other community drivers. On top of that, the results demonstrate the importance of a regional\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific context for a future generalized transition towards organic soil management. Specifically, under the most arid conditions in our study, organic management showed potential to buffer biodiversity loss in highly degraded soils, with a significant increase in diversity for prokaryotes and protists compared to conventionally managed soils. Therefore, the combination of a global and, simultaneously, regional\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific approach supports the hypothesis that a shift towards organic agriculture would maximize its beneficial impact on belowground diversity in highly degraded soils under arid conditions over the coming years, being a crucial tool to increase resilience and adaptation to global change for agriculture.Abstract. We compared the effects of conventional and organic arable farming on soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil structure, aggregate stability and C and N mineralization, which are considered important factors in defining sustainable land management. Within one soil series, three different farming systems were selected, including a conventional and an organic arable system and permanent pasture without tillage. The old pasture represents optimal conditions in terms of soil structure and organic matter inputs and is characterized by high earthworm activity. More than 70 years of different management has caused significant differences in soil properties. SOM content, mineralization, earthworm activity and water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregation decreased as a result of tillage and arable cropping when compared with pasture, but were significantly greater under organic farming than under conventional farming. Total SOM contents between 0 and 20 cm depth amounted to 15, 24 and 46 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the conventional arable, organic arable and permanent pasture fields, respectively. Although less sensitive to slaking than the conventionally managed field, the soil under organic farming was susceptible to compaction when high pressures were exerted on the soil under wet conditions. The beneficial effects of organic farming are generally associated with soil biochemical properties, but soil physical aspects should also be considered. Depending on soil type and climate, organic farmers need to be careful not to destroy the soil structure, so that they can enjoy maximum advantage from their organic farming systems.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "aggregation", "netherlands", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "arable farming", "fertilizer", "loam soils", "populations", "6. Clean water", "land", "cultivation", "13. Climate action", "organic farming", "manure", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compaction", "soil structure", "earthworm activity", "silt loam", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-25", "title": "Effects Of Four Tillage Systems On Soil Structure And Soil Microbial Biomass In Organic Farming", "description": "Abstract

Tillage modifies soil structure and crop residue distribution and in turn affects the ability of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms to degrade soil organic matter and release nutrients for crop growth. In organic farming, soil microbiological activity is of primary importance as nutrient supply is mainly dependent on the degradation of soil organic matter by soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms. The aim of this work was therefore to study, in organic farming, the effects of four tillage systems [mouldboard ploughing (MP), shallow mouldboard ploughing (SMP), reduced tillage (RT) and shallow soil tillage (ST)] on soil structure, soil microbial biomass (SMB) and its potential activity (Cmin) during the first year following the treatments. To study simultaneously the effects of soil structure modifications and crop residue distribution on SMB and Cmin, we adopted a sampling scheme based on a morphological description of soil profiles. We distinguished and sampled compacted and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90compacted clods (\uffce\uff94 and \uffce\uff93 clods) at three depths (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 and 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm). This method enabled us to have a precise estimation of the effects of tillage treatments on SMB and Cmin. MP reduced compacted zones and limited unfavourable conditions for microbial growth and enabled a homogenous distribution of SMB in the soil profile. At the opposite, the ST increased compacted zones in the soil profile and limited SMB development below the top few centimetres. The SMP and the RT systems appeared as intermediate techniques. RT seemed to be a conservation tillage technique which could be used in organic farming.

", "keywords": ["TILLAGE SYSTEMS", "2. Zero hunger", "SOIL STRUCTURE", "SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ORGANIC FARMING", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01118.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-12", "title": "Energy Balances And Greenhouse Gas Emissions Of Palm Oil Biodiesel In Indonesia", "description": "Abstract

This study presents a cradle\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90gate assessment of the energy balances and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Indonesian palm oil biodiesel production, including the stages of land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change (LUC), agricultural phase, transportation, milling, biodiesel processing, and comparing the results from different farming systems, including company plantations and smallholder plantations (either out growers or independent growers) in different locations in Kalimantan and Sumatra of Indonesia. The findings demonstrate that there are considerable differences between the farming systems and the locations in net energy yields (43.6\uffe2\uff80\uff9349.2\uffc2\uffa0GJ\uffc2\uffa0t\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0biodiesel\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) as well as GHG emissions (1969.6\uffe2\uff80\uff935626.4\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0CO2eq\uffc2\uffa0t\uffe2\uff88\uff921 biodiesel\uffc2\uffa0yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The output to input ratios are positive in all cases. The largest GHG emissions result from LUC effects, followed by the transesterification, fertilizer production, agricultural production processes, milling, and transportation. Ecosystem carbon payback times range from 11 to 42\uffc2\uffa0years.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "net energy yield", "palm oil biodiesel", "330", "greenhouse gas emissions", "ecosystem carbon payback time", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "energy balances", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "land-use change", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "farming systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01118.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01118.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01118.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01118.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-29", "title": "Impacts of Farming Layer Constructions on Cultivated Land Quality under the Cultivated Land Balance Policy", "description": "

Cultivated Land Balance Policy (CLBP) has led to the \u201cbetter land occupied and worse land supplemented\u201d program. At the same time, the current field-scale cultivated land quality (CLQ) evaluation cannot meet the work requirements of the CLBP. To this end, this study selected 24 newly added farmland in Fuping County and performed eight different high quality farming layer construction experiments to improve the CLQ. A new comprehensive model was constructed on a field scale to evaluate the CLQ using different tests from multi-dimensional perspectives of soil fertility, engineering, environment, and ecology, and to determine the best test mode. The results showed that after the test, around 62% of the cultivated land improved by one level, and the average cultivated land quality level and quality index of the test area increased by 0.63 and 30.63, respectively. The treatment of \u201cwoody peat + rotten crop straw + biostimulation regulator II + conventional fertilization\u201d had the best effect on the improvement of organic matter, soil aggregates, and soil microbial activity, and was the best treatment method. In general, application of soil amendments, such as woody peat when constructing high quality farmland, could quickly improve CLQ, and field-scale CLQ evaluation model constructed from a multi-dimensional perspective could accurately assess the true quality of farmland and allow managers to improve and manage arable land resources under CLBP.

", "keywords": ["Scale (ratio)", "cultivated land quality evaluation", "Agricultural engineering", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Engineering", "Soil Evaluation", "Agricultural land", "Soil water", "Arable land", "cultivated land quality evaluation; field scale; high-quality farming layer; woody peat", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "S", "high-quality farming layer", "Life Sciences", "Land Suitability", "Land-Use Suitability Assessment Using GIS", "Land reclamation", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "woody peat", "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability", "Agricultural Land Use", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Philosophy", " ethics and religion", "Physical Sciences", "Quality (philosophy)", "field scale", "Cartography", "Soil Science", "Epistemology", "Management", " Monitoring", " Policy and Law", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "Crop Suitability", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Soil science", "Peat", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Philosophy", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2403/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122403"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11122403", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11122403"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s13750-017-0108-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-10", "title": "How does tillage intensity affect soil organic carbon? A systematic review", "description": "Abstract Background

The loss of carbon (C) from agricultural soils has been, in part, attributed to tillage, a common practice providing a number of benefits to farmers. The promotion of less intensive tillage practices and no tillage (NT) (the absence of mechanical soil disturbance) aims to mitigate negative impacts on soil quality and to preserve soil organic carbon (SOC). Several reviews and meta-analyses have shown both beneficial and null effects on SOC due to no tillage relative to conventional tillage, hence there is a need for a comprehensive systematic review to answer the question: what is the impact of reduced tillage intensity on SOC?

Methods

We systematically reviewed relevant research in boreo-temperate regions using, as a basis, evidence identified within a recently completed systematic map on the impacts of farming on SOC. We performed an update of the original searches to include studies published since the map search. We screened all evidence for relevance according to predetermined inclusion criteria. Studies were appraised and subject to data extraction. Meta-analyses were performed to investigate the impact of reducing tillage [from high (HT) to intermediate intensity (IT), HT to NT, and from IT to NT] for SOC concentration and SOC stock in the upper soil and at lower depths.

Results

A total of 351 studies were included in the systematic review: 18% from an update of research published in the 2\uffc2\uffa0years since the systematic map. SOC concentration was significantly higher in NT relative to both IT [1.18\uffc2\uffa0g/kg\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.34 (SE)] and HT [2.09\uffc2\uffa0g/kg\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.34 (SE)] in the upper soil layer (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffc2\uffa0cm). IT was also found to be significant higher [1.30\uffc2\uffa0g/kg\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.22 (SE)] in SOC concentration than HT for the upper soil layer (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffc2\uffa0cm). At lower depths, only IT SOC compared with HT at 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm showed a significant difference; being 0.89\uffc2\uffa0g/kg [\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.20 (SE)] lower in intermediate intensity tillage. For stock data NT had significantly higher SOC stocks down to 30\uffc2\uffa0cm than either HT [4.61\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa01.95 (SE)] or IT [3.85\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa01.64 (SE)]. No other comparisons were significant.

Conclusions

The transition of tilled croplands to NT and conservation tillage has been credited with substantial potential to mitigate climate change via C storage. Based on our results, C stock increase under NT compared to HT was in the upper soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) around 4.6\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha (0.78\uffe2\uff80\uff938.43\uffc2\uffa0Mg/ha, 95% CI) over \uffe2\uff89\uffa5 10\uffc2\uffa0years, while no effect was detected in the full soil profile. The results support those from several previous studies and reviews that NT and IT increase SOC in the topsoil. Higher SOC stocks or concentrations in the upper soil not only promote a more productive soil with higher biological activity but also provide resilience to extreme weather conditions. The effect of tillage practices on total SOC stocks will be further evaluated in a forthcoming project accounting for soil bulk densities and crop yields. Our findings can hopefully be used to guide policies for sustainable management of agricultural soils.

", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Farming", "Till", "Agriculture", "Conservation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Plough", "Environmental sciences", "Land management", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Land use change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-017-0108-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Evidence", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s13750-017-0108-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s13750-017-0108-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s13750-017-0108-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-19", "title": "Antimicrobial use and production system shape the fecal, environmental, and slurry resistomes of pig farms", "description": "Abstract Background

The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a One Health problem impacted by antimicrobial use (AMU) for human and livestock applications. Extensive Iberian swine production is based on a more sustainable and eco-friendly management system, providing an excellent opportunity to evaluate how sustained differences in AMU impact the resistome, not only in the animals but also on the farm environment. Here, we evaluate the resistome footprint of an extensive pig farming system, maintained for decades, as compared to that of industrialized intensive pig farming by analyzing 105 fecal, environmental and slurry metagenomes from 38 farms.

Results

Our results evidence a significantly higher abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) on intensive farms and a link between AMU and AMR to certain antimicrobial classes. We observed differences in the resistome across sample types, with a higher richness and dispersion of ARGs within environmental samples than on those from feces or slurry. Indeed, a deeper analysis revealed that differences among the three sample types were defined by taxa-ARGs associations. Interestingly, mobilome analyses revealed that the observed AMR differences between intensive and extensive farms could be linked to differences in the abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Thus, while there were no differences in the abundance of chromosomal-associated ARGs between intensive and extensive herds, a significantly higher abundance of integrons in the environment and plasmids, regardless of the sample type, was detected on intensive farms.

Conclusions

Overall, this study shows how AMU, production system, and sample type influence, mainly through MGEs, the profile and dispersion of ARGs in pig production.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Farms", "Sanidad animal", "Swine", "Antimicrobial resistance", "Microbial ecology", "Sustainable farming", "Cerdos", "Feces", "03 medical and health sciences", "Anti-Infective Agents", "Environmental Microbiology", "Animals", "Mobilome", "Antiinfecciosos", "One health", "2. Zero hunger", "Excrementos", "0303 health sciences", "Research", "QR100-130", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "15. Life on land", "Farm environment", "6. Clean water", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Animals", " Domestic", "2401.05 desarrollo Animal", "Metagenome", "Veterinaria"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbiome", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s40168-020-00941-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1155/2014/437283", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-14", "title": "Effect Of Tillage Practices On Soil Properties And Crop Productivity In Wheat-Mungbean-Rice Cropping System Under Subtropical Climatic Conditions", "description": "

This study was conducted to know cropping cycles required to improve OM status in soil and to investigate the effects of medium-term tillage practices on soil properties and crop yields in Grey Terrace soil of Bangladesh under wheat-mungbean-T.amancropping system. Four different tillage practices, namely, zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT), and deep tillage (DT), were studied in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Tillage practices showed positive effects on soil properties and crop yields. After four cropping cycles, the highest OM accumulation, the maximum root mass density (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9315\uffe2\uff80\uff89cm soil depth), and the improved physical and chemical properties were recorded in the conservational tillage practices. Bulk and particle densities were decreased due to tillage practices, having the highest reduction of these properties and the highest increase of porosity and field capacity in zero tillage. The highest total N, P, K, and S in their available forms were recorded in zero tillage. All tillage practices showed similar yield after four years of cropping cycles. Therefore, we conclude that zero tillage with 20% residue retention was found to be suitable for soil health and achieving optimum yield under the cropping system in Grey Terrace soil (Aeric Albaquept).

", "keywords": ["No-till farming", "Technology", "Climate", "Cropping", "Mulch-till", "Crop", "Plant Roots", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Management of Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity", "Soil water", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Bangladesh", "Minimum tillage", "Soil Physical Properties", "Ecology", "T", "Q", "Soil Quality", "R", "Life Sciences", "Fabaceae", "Phosphorus", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil Compaction", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Crops", " Agricultural", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Soil Science", "Soil fertility", "Crop Productivity", "Environmental science", "Tillage", "Randomized block design", "FOS: Mathematics", "Crop yield", "Particle Size", "Biology", "Soil science", "Analysis of Variance", "Soil Fertility", "Effects of Soil Compaction on Crop Production", "Conventional tillage", "Oryza", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Bulk density", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Sulfur", "Mathematics", "Cropping system"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Scientific%20World%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1155/2014/437283", "name": "item", "description": "10.1155/2014/437283", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1155/2014/437283"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-19", "title": "Application of Mycorrhiza and Soil from a Permaculture System Improved Phosphorus Acquisition in Naranjilla", "description": "Naranjilla (Solanum quitoense) is a perennial shrub plant mainly cultivated in Ecuador, Colombia, and Central America where it represents an important cash crop. Current cultivation practices not only cause deforestation and large-scale soil degradation but also make plants highly susceptible to pests and diseases. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can offer a possibility to overcome these problems. AMF can act beneficially in various ways, for example by improving plant nutrition and growth, water relations, soil structure and stability and protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the impact of AMF inoculation on growth and nutrition parameters of naranjilla has been assessed. For inoculation three European reference AMF strains (Rhizoglomus irregulare, Claroideoglomus claroideum, and Cetraspora helvetica) and soils originating from three differently managed naranjilla plantations in Ecuador (conventional, organic, and permaculture) have been used. This allowed for a comparison of the performance of exotic AMF strains (reference strains) versus native consortia contained in the three soils used as inocula. To study fungal communities present in the three soils, trap cultures have been established using naranjilla as host plant. The community structures of AMF and other fungi inhabiting the roots of trap cultured naranjilla were assessed using next generation sequencing (NGS) methods. The growth response experiment has shown that two of the three reference AMF strains, a mixture of the three and soil from a permaculture site led to significantly better acquisition of phosphorus (up to 104%) compared to uninoculated controls. These results suggest that the use of AMF strains and local soils as inoculants represent a valid approach to improve nutrient uptake efficiency of naranjilla and consequently to reduce inputs of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation process. Improved phosphorus acquisition after inoculation with permaculture soil might have been caused by a higher abundance of AMF and the presence of Piriformospora indica as revealed by NGS. A higher frequency of AMF and enhanced root colonization rates in the trap cultures supplemented with permaculture soil highlight the importance of diverse agricultural systems for soil quality and crop production.", "keywords": ["next generation sequencing", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "permaculture", "0303 health sciences", "Piriformospora indica", "Crop health", " quality", " protection", "Plant culture", "naranjilla", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Plant Science", "15. Life on land", "fungal communities", "SB1-1110", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "naranjilla", " arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", " fungal communities", " Piriformospora indica", " farming practices", " permaculture", " next generation sequencing", "farming practices", "Sciences exactes et naturelles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/333899/1/doi_317543.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fpls.2017.01263", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fpls.2017.01263"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/333899", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:22:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-19", "title": "Application of Mycorrhiza and Soil from a Permaculture System Improved Phosphorus Acquisition in Naranjilla", "description": "Naranjilla (Solanum quitoense) is a perennial shrub plant mainly cultivated in Ecuador, Colombia, and Central America where it represents an important cash crop. Current cultivation practices not only cause deforestation and large-scale soil degradation but also make plants highly susceptible to pests and diseases. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can offer a possibility to overcome these problems. AMF can act beneficially in various ways, for example by improving plant nutrition and growth, water relations, soil structure and stability and protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the impact of AMF inoculation on growth and nutrition parameters of naranjilla has been assessed. For inoculation three European reference AMF strains (Rhizoglomus irregulare, Claroideoglomus claroideum, and Cetraspora helvetica) and soils originating from three differently managed naranjilla plantations in Ecuador (conventional, organic, and permaculture) have been used. This allowed for a comparison of the performance of exotic AMF strains (reference strains) versus native consortia contained in the three soils used as inocula. To study fungal communities present in the three soils, trap cultures have been established using naranjilla as host plant. The community structures of AMF and other fungi inhabiting the roots of trap cultured naranjilla were assessed using next generation sequencing (NGS) methods. The growth response experiment has shown that two of the three reference AMF strains, a mixture of the three and soil from a permaculture site led to significantly better acquisition of phosphorus (up to 104%) compared to uninoculated controls. These results suggest that the use of AMF strains and local soils as inoculants represent a valid approach to improve nutrient uptake efficiency of naranjilla and consequently to reduce inputs of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation process. Improved phosphorus acquisition after inoculation with permaculture soil might have been caused by a higher abundance of AMF and the presence of Piriformospora indica as revealed by NGS. A higher frequency of AMF and enhanced root colonization rates in the trap cultures supplemented with permaculture soil highlight the importance of diverse agricultural systems for soil quality and crop production.", "keywords": ["next generation sequencing", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "permaculture", "0303 health sciences", "Piriformospora indica", "Plant culture", "naranjilla", "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Plant Science", "15. Life on land", "fungal communities", "Life sciences", "SB1-1110", "Biologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale (sciences v\u00e9g\u00e9tales", " sylviculture", " mycologie...)", "03 medical and health sciences", "Sciences du vivant", "naranjilla", " arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", " fungal communities", " Piriformospora indica", " farming practices", " permaculture", " next generation sequencing", "farming practices", "Phytobiology (plant sciences", " forestry", " mycology...)", "Sciences exactes et naturelles"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/290284/1/Symanczik%20et%20al%202017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/333899/1/doi_317543.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/333899"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Plant%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/333899", "name": "item", "description": "2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/333899", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/333899"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0187681", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-08", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Practice On Soil Structure, N2o Emissions And Economics In Cereal Production Under Current Socio-Economic Conditions In Central Bosnia And Herzegovina", "description": "Conservation tillage is expected to have a positive effect on soil physical properties, soil Carbon (C) storage, while reducing fuel, labour and machinery costs. However, reduced tillage could increase soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and offset the expected gains from increased C sequestration. To date, conservation tillage is barely practiced or studied in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Here, we report a field study on the short-term effects of reduced (RT) and no tillage (NT) on N2O emission dynamics, yield-scaled N2O emissions, soil structure and the economics of cereal production, as compared with conventional tillage (CT). The field experiment was conducted in the Sarajevo region on a clayey loam under typical climatic conditions for humid, continental BH. N2O emissions were monitored in a Maize-Barley rotation over two cropping seasons. Soil structure was studied at the end of the second season. In the much wetter 2014, N2O emission were in the order of CT > RT > NT, while in the drier 2015, the order was RT > CT > NT. The emission factors were within or slightly above the uncertainty range of the IPCC Tier 1 factor, if taking account for the N input from the cover crop (alfalfa) preceding the first experimental year. Saturated soils in spring, formation of soil crusts and occasional droughts adversely affected yields, particularly in the second year (barley). In 2014, yield-scaled N2O emissions ranged from 83.2 to 161.7 g N Mg-1 grain (corn) but were much greater in the second year due to crop failure (barley). RT had the smallest yield-scaled N2O emission in both years. NT resulted in economically inacceptable returns, due to the increased costs of weed control and low yields in both years. The reduced number of operations in RT reduced production costs and generated positive net returns. Therefore, RT could potentially provide agronomic and environmental benefits in crop production in BH.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "Science", "Nitrogentap", "Nitrous Oxide", "Zea mays", "7. Clean energy", "Sustainable farming", "Soil", "VDP::Jordfag: 913", "Humans", "Fertilizers", "B\u00e6rekraftig landbruk", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "2. Zero hunger", "VDP::Soil sciences: 913", "Nitrogen loss", "Q", "R", "Hordeum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Crop Production", "13. Climate action", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Seasons", "Methane", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187681"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0187681", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0187681", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0187681"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/gxlrhg", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "European climate indicators datasets", "description": "Open Access

This dataset corresponds to a datamart produced by the WP2 team of the Landmark H2020 project.

A specific request consists in the computation of a limited number of climate indicators for each grid cells and needed to run the dexi models. They are calculated for each year.

Those indicators was calculated for 2 periods:

", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Soils and soil sciences", "Farming Practices", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture", "soil functions", "soil science", "7. Clean energy", "Farming Systems", "Soil functions; soil; management; climate;", "Soil", "Farming Systems and Practices", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture and Veterinary Medicine", "Soil functions soil management climate", "soil management", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "climate", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Bertuzzi, Patrick, Saby, Nicolas P.A., Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Picaud, Calypso, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Creamer, Rachel, Gay, Laura,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/gxlrhg"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/gxlrhg", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/gxlrhg", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/gxlrhg"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1515/mgr-2017-0012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-03", "title": "The geography of urban agriculture: New trends and challenges", "description": "Abstract

In the article, which is a theoretical and conceptual introduction for the Special Issue of Moravian Geographical Reports on \uffe2\uff80\uff98New trends and challenges of urban agriculture in the context of Europe\uffe2\uff80\uff99, the authors resume and review diverging issues of urban agriculture, exploring and discussing them from a geographical perspective and in a wider context of the transformation of urban and rural spaces, urban regeneration and renewal, agricultural restructuring, multifunctionality, ecosystem services, land-use conflicts and social responsibility. After the introduction that depicts a changing role of agriculture in the context of urban and rural transformations, the current research on urban agriculture in Europe is summarised and reviewed. Then the main trends and concepts of growing and expanding urban agriculture are presented and discussed with a special emphasis on the challenges these pose to geographers.This dataset corresponds to a datamart produced by the WP2 team of the Landmark H2020 project.

2 tables provided by France are available:

Both tables are connected with the same id attribute. To link soil data to management practices, yo", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth and Environmental Science", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "Soil functions; soil; management; climate;", "Farming Systems and Practices", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture and Veterinary Medicine", "Soil functions soil management climate", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas P.A., Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Szergi, Tamas, Csorba, Adam, Bertuzzi, Patrick, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Picaud, Calypso, Gay, Laura, Creamer, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/aiq9ws"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/aiq9ws", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/aiq9ws", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/aiq9ws"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/jtve46", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "French SOERE soil monitoring dataset with related management practices data", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset corresponds to a datamart produced by the WP2 team of the Landmark H2020 project. The SOERE PRO is a French research observatory on organic residues recycling in agriculture. It is a network of long-term field experiments, including QualiAgro and PROspective devices, which has been created to evaluate benefits and risks associated with organic residue (OR) application in agriculture. It has been certified as SOERE PRO (a network of long-term experiments dedicated to the study of imp", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Climate", "6. Clean water", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture", "Soil functions", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil", "Farming Systems and Practices", "11. Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "climate", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "2. Zero hunger", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Life Sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil functions", "Farming Systems", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture and Veterinary Medicine", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gay, Laura, Saby, Nicolas P.A., Michaud, Aur\u00e9lia, Montenach, Denis, Resseguier Camille, Houot, Sabine, Szergi, Tamas, Csorba, Adam, Bertuzzi, Patrick, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Picaud, Calypso, Creamer, Rachel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/jtve46"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/jtve46", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/jtve46", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/jtve46"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/lswrdg", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "CIRCASA DELIVERABLE D3.1: \"Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) on Soil Carbon\"", "description": "Research priorities for the alignment of International Research on SOC sequestration in agriculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Environmental studies and forestry", "Social Sciences", "ComputingMilieux_GENERAL", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "Farming Systems and Practices", "Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/lswrdg"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/lswrdg", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/lswrdg", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/lswrdg"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/lv9zrw", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Etude 4pour1000 : Donn\u00e9es mod\u00e8le STICS", "description": "Donn\u00e9es issues des simulations g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par le mod\u00e8le STICS dans le cadre de l'\u00e9tude 4p1000.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Economics", "Climate", "Social Sciences", "Farming Systems", "Farming Systems and Practices", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Forests and Forest Products", "Silviculture", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Launay, Camille, Constantin, Julie, Raynal, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne, Casellas, Eric, Mary, Bruno, Pellerin, Sylvain, Therond, Olivier,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/lv9zrw"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/lv9zrw", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/lv9zrw", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/lv9zrw"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/mutd4k", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Landmark H2020 dataset", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset corresponds to a list of attributes with metadata produced by the WP2 team of the Landmark H2020 project. This list was compiled based on the requirements of the diagnostic approach and the preferences of Work Package 3 for soil function modeling procedure.The list contains four categories of attributes: 5. \u201cSoil horizon attributes\u201d required to successfully derive diagnostic horizons/properties/materials and qualifiers;6. \u201cSoil attributes\u201d which contain physical/chemical/biological and other derived attributes;7. \u201cEnvironmental attributes\u201d which contain attributes needed to characterize of the surroundings of the soils (eg.: topography, climatic properties);8. \u201cManagement attributes\u201d which contain attributes regarding to management practices (eg.: irrigation, manuring, fertilization, pest control, weed management, grassland management, mechanization). The LANDMARK proposal builds on the concept that soils are a finite resource that provides a range of ecosystem services known as \u201csoil functions\u201d. Functions relating to agriculture include: primary productivity, water regulation purification, carbon-sequestration regulation, habitat for biodiversity and nutrient provision cycling. Tradeoffs between these functions may occur: for example, management aimed at maximising primary production may inadvertently affect the \u2018water purification\u2019 or \u2018habitat\u2019 functions. This has led to conflicting management recommendations and policy initiatives. There is now an urgent need to develop a coherent scientific and practical framework for the sustainable management of soils. LANDMARK will uniquely respond to the breadth of this challenge by delivering (through multi-actor development): 1. LOCAL SCALE: A toolkit for farmers with cost-effective, practical measures for sustainable (and context specific) soil management.2. REGIONAL SCALE - A blueprint for a soil monitoring scheme, using harmonised indicators: this will facilitate the assessment of soil functions for different soil types and land-uses for all major EU climatic zones.3. EU SCALE \u2013 An assessment of EU policy instruments for incentivising sustainable land management.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Climate", "6. Clean water", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture", "Soil functions", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil", "Farming Systems and Practices", "11. Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "climate", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "2. Zero hunger", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Life Sciences", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", " Aquaculture and Veterinary Medicine", "Environmental Research", "Natural Sciences", "management", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saby, Nicolas P.A., Micheli, Erika, Chenu, Jean-Philippe, Szergi, Tamas, Csorba, Adam, Bertuzzi, Patrick, Toutain, Beno\u00eet, Picaud, Calypso, Creamer, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/mutd4k"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/mutd4k", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/mutd4k", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/mutd4k"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/q0xvvd", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "CIRCASA DELIVERABLE D2.3: \u201cSynthesis report on knowledge demands and needs of stakeholders\u201d", "description": "In this report, we examine knowledge gaps identified by stakeholders. In this way, the find-ings support the creation of an international strategic research agenda for SOC, a central envisioned outcome of the CIRCASA project.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY", "Farming Systems and Practices", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Food and food processing", "Agricultural and Food Process Engineering", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/q0xvvd"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/q0xvvd", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/q0xvvd", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/q0xvvd"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/srhcuh", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Science for policy 1: FaST hidden benefits: needs based targeting of cleaner water through better use of nutrients - datasets", "description": "Open AccessThis dataset is part of both Deliverable 4.3 and 5.3 and was produced by the WP4 team of the Landmark H2020 project. It contains the following shapefile: PO1_GAEC5.shp The shapefile gives an estimation of the change in soil function performance across the EU in agricultural soils after implementation of the GAEC5 under the proposed CAP. This spatial variation is represented in change in z-scores compared to the current supply on a NUTS1 level. To implement the scenario, for each crop within each environmental zone the 20% area with the lowest values of the N Cycling indicator are selected from the current SF supply map and this indicator is increased to the lowest values in the other 80% of the same crop \u2013 environmental zone combination. In a second step, for each crop within each environmental zone the 20% area with the lowest values of the water purification indicator from the current SF supply map are selected and this indicator is increased to the lowest values in the other 80% of the crop \u2013 environmental zone combination, while maintaining the N Cycling improvements. This simulates potential improvements in both N Cycling and water purification due to the implementation of the Farm Sustainability Tool for Nutrients (GAEC 5) Z-scores are calculated from the spatial SF maps for each of the NUTS1 zones. The z-scores give the signed fractional number of standard deviations by which SF means for a NUTS1 zone are above or below the mean value and allow us indicate which areas have a higher or lower soil function performance compared to the mean value. Z-scores from the current SF maps and scenario maps were then compared to each other to calculate the change in z-scores. This change in z-scores is given in the shapefiles and describes the relative change in soil function performance. Positive values indicate an improvement in soil functioning compared to the current situation, negative values a decrease. More information regarding calculation and interpretation of both this dataset and the soil function maps used to calculate the z-scores can be found in: Vrebos D., F. Bampa, R. Creamer, A. Jones, E. Lugato, L. O\u2019Sullivan, P. Meire, R.P.O. Schulte, J. Schr\u00f6der and J. Staes (2018). Scenarios maps: visualizing optimized scenarios where supply of soil functions matches demands. LANDMARK Report 4.3. and Jones A. et al. (2019). An options document to propose future policy tools for functional soil management. LANDMARK 5.3. All available from www.landmark2020.eu.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water resources", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "6. Clean water", "Hydrology and Hydrogeology", "15. Life on land", "Farming Systems", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farming Systems and Practices", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Vrebos, Dirk, O\u2019Sullivan, Lilian, Bampa, Francesca, Schulte, Rogier, Creamer, Rachel, Jones, Arwyn, Staes, Jan, Zwetsloot, Marie, Debernardini, Mariana, Wall, David,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/srhcuh"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/srhcuh", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/srhcuh", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/srhcuh"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/syp4pe", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "CIRCASA DELIVERABLE D2.2: \u201cAssessing barriers and solutions to the implementation of SOC sequestration options\u201d", "description": "Report on the key barriers and solutions for the implementation of SOC sequestration options across different geographic zones and what knowledge gaps need to be filled to overcome barriers.", "keywords": ["Earth and Environmental Science", "Farming Systems and Practices", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil Sciences", "Food and food processing", "Agricultural and Food Process Engineering", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/syp4pe"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/syp4pe", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/syp4pe", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/syp4pe"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/wabmvg", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Report", "title": "\"Donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9plication pour: Article \"\"Weed Management in the Transition to Conservation Agriculture: Farmers' Response\"\" (Derrouch et al., 2020)\"", "description": "Jeu de donn\u00e9es associ\u00e9es \u00e0 l'article Derrouch et al. (2020). Les donn\u00e9es concernent une partie des r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 un questionnaire en ligne diffus\u00e9 entre novembre 2018 et mars 2019 en France m\u00e9tropolitaine. Ce questionnaire visait les agriculteurs(trices) fran\u00e7ais(es) en semis direct sous couvert (SDSC) ou ayant eu une exp\u00e9rience dans le syst\u00e8me, avec un focus sur les aspects agronomiques et malherbologiques. Les agriculteurs(trices) devaient r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes questions sur les pratiques agronomiques utilis\u00e9es pour g\u00e9rer les adventices pendant la culture et l\u2019interculture pour trois p\u00e9riodes : (1) avant l\u2019adoption du SDSC, (2) durant la ou les premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es en SDSC et enfin (3) lorsqu\u2019ils pensaient avoir maitris\u00e9 leur syst\u00e8me. 425 agriculteurs(trices) fran\u00e7ais ont r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble du questionnaire. Parmi ces agriculteurs 143 estimaient avoir maitris\u00e9 leur syst\u00e8me. Sans pr\u00e9tendre \u00eatre repr\u00e9sentatif, ces donn\u00e9es obtenues constituent un premier panorama des pratiques agronomiques utilis\u00e9es par les agriculteurs(trices) fran\u00e7ais(es) en semis direct sous couvert pour g\u00e9rer les adventices.", "keywords": ["Farming Systems and Practices", "Agricultural Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Farming Systems"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Derrouch, Damien, Chauvel, Bruno,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/wabmvg"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/wabmvg", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/wabmvg", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/wabmvg"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15454/ywetvm", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:43Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "CIRCASA DELIVERABLE D1.4: \"International Knowledge Synthesis activities\"", "description": "In order to understand soil\u2019s contribution to ecosystem services, large-scale modelling and mapping soil properties and processes are needed. This increased global understanding will show how to tackle multiple land based challenges through agricultural SOC sequestration. This report is detailing the harmonized spatial data sets and their use to create knowledge synthesis on the potential for SOC sequestration in agriculture and on the role of SOC for agricultural productivity, climate change mitigation and adaptation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Earth and Environmental Science", "Soils and soil sciences", "Agricultural Sciences", "Climate", "Environmental studies and forestry", "Social Sciences", "15. Life on land", "ComputingMilieux_GENERAL", "Farming Systems", "Farming Systems and Practices", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Land Use", "Soil Sciences", "Agriculture", " Forestry", " Horticulture", "Geosciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Arias-Navarro, C., Folberth C., Gurriaran L., Havlik P., Kim J.H., Kuhnert M., Martin M., Mendes de Jesus J., Montanarella L., Poggio L., Skalsk\u00fd R., Balkovi\u010d J., Smith P., Soussana J.-F., van Dijk M., Yogo W., Batjes N., Bispo A., Bosma A., Ceschia E., Chenu C., de Sousa L., Deppermann A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15454/ywetvm"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15454/ywetvm", "name": "item", "description": "10.15454/ywetvm", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15454/ywetvm"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11040787", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-16", "title": "Groundcover Mulching in Mediterranean Vineyards Improves Soil Chemical, Physical and Biological Health Already in the Short Term", "description": "

Vineyards are among the land uses with the highest soil degradation rate in Mediterranean Europe, mainly due to intensive tillage management. Therefore, practices able to foster soil health are critical to promote sustainable wine production. We studied the following treatments in two organic farms in Chianti Classico (Italy): conventional tillage, spontaneous vegetation, pigeon bean (Vicia faba var. minor) incorporated in spring and a mixture of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and squarrosum clover (Trifolium squarrosum), both incorporated and left as mulch. An innovative approach, based on gamma-ray and apparent electrical conductivity, was used to account for the fine-scale soil variability that was included in the statistical model. Mulched groundcovers were associated with higher soil organic matter compared to tillage, already after two years. An increased N availability was found under all groundcovers compared with tillage. The effect of soil management practices on P2O5 strongly varied across farms and years, while it was not statistically significant on K availability. Spontaneous vegetation positively influenced the soil structure index, soil penetration resistance and soil biological health. The results show that mulched groundcovers can improve soil health already in the short term, thereby potentially increasing the sustainability of the wine sector.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "cover crop; tillage; green manure; organic farming; sustainable agriculture; vite; agricoltura sostenibile; inerbimento; sovescio; colture di copertura; gestione del suolo; lavorazione del terreno; inerbimento permanente; inerbimento spontaneo", "green manure", "S", "cover crop; tillage; green manure; organic farming; sustainable agriculture", "Agriculture", "cover crop", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "sustainable agriculture", "organic farming", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/787/pdf"}, {"href": "https://arpi.unipi.it/bitstream/11568/1168505/1/Raffa%20et%20al._2021.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.iris.sssup.it/bitstream/11382/541888/1/Warren%20Raffa%20et%20al%20%282021%29_Agronomy.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/787/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040787"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11040787", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11040787", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11040787"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs10091495", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-19", "title": "Irrigation Mapping Using Sentinel-1 Time Series at Field Scale", "description": "

The recently launched Sentinel-1 satellite with a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor onboard offers a powerful tool for irrigation monitoring under various weather conditions, with high spatial and temporal resolution. This research discusses the potential of different metrics calculated from the Sentinel-1 time series for mapping irrigated fields. A methodology for irrigation mapping using SAR data is proposed. The study is performed using VV (vertical\u2013vertical) and VH (vertical\u2013horizontal) polarizations over an agricultural site in Urgell, Catalunya (Spain). With field segmentation information from SIGPAC (the Geographic Information System for Agricultural Parcels), the backscatter intensities are averaged within each field. From the Sentinel-1 time series for each field, the statistics and metrics, including the mean value, the variance of the signal, the correlation length, and the fractal dimension, are analyzed. With the Support Vector Machine (SVM), the classification of irrigated crops, irrigated trees, and non-irrigated fields is performed with the metrics vector. The results derived from the SVM are validated with ground truthing from SIGPAC over the whole study area, with a good overall accuracy of 81.08%. Random Forest (RF) machine classification is also tested in this study, which gives an accuracy of around 82.2% when setting the tree depth at three. The methodology is based only on SAR data, which makes it applicable to all areas, even with frequent cloud cover, but this method may be less robust when irrigation is less dominated to soil moisture change.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "550", "Science", "IMAGE SATELLITE", "irrigated farming", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "630", "irrigation", "remote sensing", "cartography", "CULTURE IRRIGUEE", "TELEDETECTION", "CARTOGRAPHIE", "2. Zero hunger", "HUMIDITE DU SOL", "Q", "soil water content", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "classification", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "Sentinel-1", "soil moisture", "soil moisture; SAR; Sentinel-1; irrigation; classification", "SAR"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1495/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091495"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs10091495", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs10091495", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs10091495"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:57Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2021-09-21", "title": "Advances in mechanical weed control technologies", "description": "

Mechanical weed control can be grouped into three categories: full-width cultivators, inter-row cultivators and intra-row cultivators. This chapter will highlight the most recent and relevant advances within each category. The focus will be on novel inventions and developments of mechanical devices, designs, and the weed problems they are meant to solve. Moreover, automation technologies that assist weeding operations are becoming increasingly important and will be given special attention.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "vision technology", "automatic steering", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVP Pest control / plant diseases", "perennial weeds", "intra-row cultivation", "annual weeds", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production", "01 natural sciences", "GNSS technology", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture", "Inter-row cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "automatic intra-row weeding", "full-width cultivation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0098.11"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "name": "item", "description": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.11", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.19103/as.2021.0098.11"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.15", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:57Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2022-05-09", "title": "Integrated weed management in grasslands", "description": "

This chapter describes the current status of IWM for grasslands. Its focus is on management practices available to influence transitions in a weed\uffe2\uff80\uff99s life cycle: from the soil seed bank to seedling establishment, from the seedling stage to the mature plant, and from the mature plant to the soil seed bank. We provide a conceptual approach to illustrate how management practices available in IWM affect different transitions and then discuss case studies to illustrate how weed management practices have been integrated. The chapter ends with an outlook for further improving IWM in grasslands, especially also under climate change, and for promoting its application.

", "keywords": ["seed bank", "thema EDItEUR::K Economics", " Finance", " Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry", "herbicides", "invasive non-native plant species (INNPs)", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVP Pest control / plant diseases", "thema EDItEUR::T Technology", " Engineering", " Agriculture", " Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture", "biological control", "sward", "thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences", " Geography", " Environment", " Planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography and topography::RGBC Plains and grasslands"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Schaffner, Urs, M\u00fcller-Sch\u00e4rer, Heinz, L\u00fcscher, Andreas,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0098.15"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.15", "name": "item", "description": "10.19103/as.2021.0098.15", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.19103/as.2021.0098.15"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-28", "description": "Abstract

Soil chemical properties during the transition from conventional to organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input farming practices were studied over 8 yr in California's Sacramento Valley to document changes in soil fertility status and nutrient storage. Four farming systems differing in crop rotation and external inputs were established on land previously managed conventionally. Fertility in the organic system depended on animal manure applications and winter cover crops; the two conventional systems received synthetic fertilizer inputs; the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system used cover crops and animal manure during the first 3 yr and cover crops and synthetic fertilizer for the remaining 5 yr. At 4 and 8 yr after establishment, most changes in soil chemical properties were consistent with predictions based on nutrient budgets. Inputs of C, P, K, Ca, and Mg were higher in the organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input systems as a result of manure applications and cover crop incorporations. After 4 yr, soils in the organic and low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input systems had higher soil organic C, soluble P, exchangeable K, and pH. Ceasing manure applications in the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system in Year 4 resulted in declining levels of organic C, soluble P, and exchangeable K. Crop rotation (the presence or absence of corn) also had a significant effect on organic C levels. Differences in total N appeared to be related in part to inputs, but perhaps also to differing efficiency of the farming systems at storing excess N inputs: the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90input system appeared to be most efficient, and the conventional systems were least efficient. Electrical conductivity (EC), soluble Ca, and soluble Mg levels were tightly linked but not consistently different among treatments. Relatively stable EC levels in the organic system indicate that animal manures did not increase salinity. Overall, our findings indicate that organic and lowinput farming in the Sacramento Valley result in small but important increases in soil organic C and larger pools of stored nutrients, which are critical for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term fertility maintenance.

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