{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-10", "title": "Organic Amendments Influence Soil Quality And Carbon Sequestration In The Indo-Gangetic Plains Of India", "description": "Abstract   Soil organic carbon is considered to be of central importance in maintaining soil quality. We assessed the effects of a range of commonly applied organic and inorganic amendments on soil quality in a rice\u2013wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains of eastern India and evaluated the carbon sequestration potential of such management approaches using a 25 year old long-term fertility experiment. Results showed that there were significant increases in soil nutrient availability with the application of farm yard manure (FYM @ 7.5\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121), paddy straw (PS @ 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121) and green manure (GM @ 8\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121) along with inorganic fertilizer. Both microbial biomass C and mineralizable C increased following the addition of the organic inputs. Continuous cultivation, without application of organic inputs, significantly depleted total C content (by 39\u201343%) compared with treatments involving the addition of organic amendments. A significant increase in the non-labile C fraction resulted from both organic and inorganic amendments, but only 26, 18 and 6% of the C applied through FYM, PS and GM, respectively was sequestered in soils. A significant increase in yield of kharif rice was observed as a result of the addition of these organic amendments.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-18", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration And Erosion Control Potential Of Hedgerows And Grass Filter Strips In Sloping Agricultural Lands Of Eastern India", "description": "Abstract   Contour hedgerows and grass filter strips are important towards enhancing and sustaining productivity of sloping agricultural lands in medium to high rainfall regions. However, impact of such measures on erosion control, soil carbon sequestration and agronomic productivity have not been widely assessed for the small land holders in eastern India. Therefore, an on-farm study was conducted between 2001 and 2006 to evaluate the impact of the techniques on soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration and pool; losses of water, soil and nutrients; soil moisture storage and agronomic yield on arable lands of 2\u20135% slope. The study was taken in 5.95\u00a0ha area with six treatments and nine replications. Treatments consisted of two hedgerow species (Gliricidia sepium and Indigofera teysmanni) and a control, with or without grass filter strip (GFS) of a local species (Saccharum spp.). Using finger millet (Eleusine coracana) as the test crop, the hedgerow species were planted at 0.5\u00a0m\u00a0\u00d7\u00a00.5\u00a0m spacing in staggered double rows and the GFS in a single row at 0.3\u00a0m spacing. In general, Gliricidia\u00a0+\u00a0GFS was most conservation effective followed by Indigofera\u00a0+\u00a0GFS. It reduced runoff by 33% (10.7% runoff compared to 16.1% in control), soil loss by 35% (6.3\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 compared to 9.71\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 in control), and SOC loss through runoff by 50\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121. In addition, it resulted SOC build up at 0.352\u20131.354\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 at three graded distance from hedgerows, out of which 0.352\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 was sequestered due to soil reclamation and about 1.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 was retained due to barrier effect. With higher soil moisture storage by 28\u201337\u00a0mm and 22\u201343\u00a0mm at 12 and 17 days of dry spell, respectively, the grain yield of finger millet increased by 49% from 952\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 in control to 1413\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 in Gliricidia\u00a0+\u00a0GFS treatment. Addition of GFS significantly reduced the losses of water runoff, soil and nutrients in all the treatments, and increased SOC stock by 0.38\u20131.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 in the 0.6\u00a0m soil profile. The GFS also improved soil moisture storage by 9\u201312\u00a0mm and 6\u201315\u00a0mm at 12 and 17 days of dry spell, respectively. As compared to the pre-treated initial, the SOC stock decreased by 60\u2013112\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 in the control indicating on-going erosion process in unprotected lands. The study showed the C sink potential of erosion control measures in the sloping agricultural lands of eastern India.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-05", "title": "Soil Profile Carbon And Nutrient Stocks Under Long-Term Conventional And Organic Crop And Alfalfa-Crop Rotations And Re-Established Grassland", "description": "Abstract   Soil carbon stocks are useful indicators of both C sequestration capacity and sustainability of agricultural systems. Yet, most investigations have only studied the effects of agricultural management on soil carbon in surface layers (", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-07-05", "title": "Warming And Increased Precipitation Individually Influence Soil Carbon Sequestration Of Inner Mongolian Grasslands, China", "description": "a b s t r a c t The impact of climate change (i.e. warming and changes in precipitation patterns) on carbon (C) seques- tration in the continental steppe is currently disputed and uncertain. We conducted a six-year field experiment in the temperate grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China. We found that C storage in the 0-30 cm soil layer significantly decreased by 129.3 g C m\u22122 under warming (W) but significantly increased by 145.9 g C m \u22122 with increased precipitation (P), with no apparent interaction of W \u00d7 P. The effects of W and P on soil C sequestration varied in different soil fractions (labile vs. recalcitrant soil organic matter) and layers (topsoil vs. subsoil), which complicated the prediction of the short- and long- term effects of soil C sequestration in climate change scenarios. Furthermore, C:nitrogen (N) ratios in soils with increasing C and N were asynchronous under W, P, and W + P treatments, suggesting that the limiting effect of N on soil C sequestration would be intensified under W with P conditions. Our findings suggest that, without an increase in precipitation or concurrent P and W, the semiarid Inner Mongolian grasslands may potentially act as a net C source in the future. \u00a9 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-20", "title": "Changes In Soil Carbon Of Pastures After Afforestation With Mixed Species: Sampling, Heterogeneity And Surrogates", "description": "Abstract   Accurate and efficient estimation of soil C is vital to understanding and monitoring the role of afforestation in C sequestration. Here, we focused on the potential of mixed-species plantings, for which there is negligible information but expanding investment due to their added environmental benefits. We surveyed soil C and N over a representative chronosequence (5\u201329 years old) of existing plantings, including measurements in the adjacent pastures to account for differences in soil type and land-use history among properties. Vegetation characteristics of the tree plantings were measured to identify potential surrogates for rapid assessment of soil C. Soil C was highly heterogeneous under the plantings and the adjacent pastures, with up to eight cores required to sample adequately a plot of 400\u00a0m2. Vegetation surrogates had limited success in predicting soil C after afforestation, with the only strong predictors being tree density and planting age. Three decades of afforestation with mixed species had not led to substantial changes in C concentration or content of the soil. The C:N ratio of soils increased with planting age suggesting that the C becomes more resistant to decomposition after afforestation. Over longer time scales, tree plantings are likely to have larger impacts on the amount and forms of soil C.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Afforestation", "soil surrogates", "spatial heterogeneity", "mixed-species plantings", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sampling size", "C:N ratio"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-13", "title": "Crop Residue Removal Effects On Soil Carbon: Measured And Inter-Model Comparisons", "description": "Abstract   Crop residues can be a viable source for biofuel production and other industrial products; however, their removal from agricultural land may negatively impact productivity and environmental quality. In this study three process-based models (CENTURY, DAYCENT, and DNDC) and the CAMPBELL empirical model were used to simulate soil organic carbon (SOC) change and were compared to observations from 14 residue removal experiments within the temperate climate areas of Canada and the Midwestern USA. The experimental results indicated that residue removal effects on SOC were more likely to be observed (i) with greater rates of residue removal, (ii) after longer periods, and (iii) with greater rates of (N) fertilizer. All four models simulated the hypothesized decline in SOC when residues were removed. The average measured SOC change for residue removal across all experimental sites and durations was \u2212235\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 (i.e., 3.3% of SOC in top 20\u00a0cm) whereas the SOC change as estimated by the models were \u2212423, \u2212417, \u2212201, and \u2212218\u00a0g\u00a0m\u22122 for the CENTURY, DAYCENT, DNDC, and CAMPBELL models, respectively. All model predictions were close or within the range of uncertainty of estimates derived from measurements.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.12.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-01-19", "title": "Effect Of Cover Plants On Soil C And N Dynamics In Different Soil Management Systems In Dwarf Cashew Culture", "description": "Abstract   Inappropriate soil management practices are one of most important constraints on cashew production in Northeast Brazil. This work aimed to evaluate the changes in soil C and N dynamics caused by different management of cover plants (spontaneous or leguminous) in dwarf cashew culture in Northeast Brazil. The evaluated management systems for control of spontaneous vegetation included: disc harrowing (DH), mechanical mowing (MeM), manual mowing (MaM), leguminous cover crop (LEG), leguminous cover crop\u00a0+\u00a0mulch of Carnauba palm (LEG\u00a0+\u00a0m), and application of herbicide (HERB). The floristic composition, plant density, biomass production, and the nutrient content of the spontaneous plants that grew between cashew rows were evaluated. Total soil C and N, mineral- and organic-N, light organic matter fraction, microbial biomass, CO 2 -C emission rates and humic substances were determined. HERB treatment promoted a substantial change in the floristic composition of spontaneous species. Richness index was highest in the LEG treatment in the fifth year of the experiment. Dry matter amount of spontaneous plants was quite similar in MeM, MaM, LEG, and LEG\u00a0+\u00a0m treatments, with average values of 2245\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 . DH and HERB treatments reduced dry matter by 69 and 80%, respectively. The MeM system resulted in the highest soil C stock, whereas the DH treatment tended to intensify the mineralization process of soil organic matter due to soil disturbance. LEG treatment resulted in the highest mineral-N contents. Our results suggest that the maintenance of soil organic C levels in DH and MeM treatments is strongly dependent on maintenance of light organic matter levels. Soil from treatments which favored input of organic matter (e.g., LEG, LEG\u00a0+\u00a0m and HERB) presented greater C-humic/C-fulvic acids ratio, indicating the predominance of humic acids. Our findings reinforce that cover plants (e.g., spontaneous vegetation and leguminous species) play an important environmental role, contributing to organic matter and nutrient cycling in the soil. Management systems that promote soil covering and the use of leguminous species increased soil organic matter stocks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.12.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.12.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.12.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.12.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-20", "title": "Changes In Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Following Tillage Conversion In A Long-Term Experiment In Northern France", "description": "Although continuous no-till (NT) is recommended for erosion control and carbon sequestration, it often has a limited duration since farmers alternate between NT and full inversion tillage (FIT) to control weed infestation and avoid soil compaction. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of continuous tillage and tillage conversion of NT to FIT and vice versa on SOC and SON stocks, in a long-term experiment at Boigneville in Northern France. Continuous NT (CNT) and FIT (CFIT) treatments were established in 1991 and maintained until 2011 while half of the plots were converted in 2005: from CNT to new FIT (NFIT) and CFIT to new NT (NNT). Bulk densities and organic C and N contents were determined in 2001 and 2011 down to the old ploughing depth (opd) which was also measured. SOC and SON stocks were calculated at equivalent soil mass by correcting either bulk densities or the opd. Both methods produced very close results and similar conclusions. A typical gradient of SOC and SON concentrations vs depth was observed in CNT as opposed to a rather uniform distribution in CFIT. CNT resulted in SOC concentration in the top soil (0-5 cm) higher by 38% in 2001 and 53% in 2011 compared to CFIT. Conversely, it led to a SOC reduction in the deeper layer (ca. 10-28 cm) by 14% in 2001 and 18% in 2011. The global effect was no significant change in SOC and SON stocks between treatments over the old ploughed layer (4060 t soil ha(-1)) in both years: 43.2 and 45.0 t C ha(-1) in 2001 and 44.7 and 45.8 t C ha(-1) in 2011, in CNT and CFIT, respectively. In 2011, six years after tillage conversion, the stratification of SOC and SON had disappeared in NFIT whereas a new one had appeared in NNT with a smaller gradient than in CNT. SOC or SON stocks over the old ploughed layer did not differ significantly between treatments after 6 years of conversion: SOC stocks were 45.8, 43.2, 44.7 and 43.1 t C ha(-1) in the CFIT, NFIT, CNT and NNT treatments, respectively. Furthermore, SOC stocks below the old ploughed layer (ca. 28-40 cm) were slightly greater in FIT than in NT treatment (10.9 vs 8.7 t C ha(-1)). In this experiment, continuous or conversion tillage did not result in any C sequestration benefit. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["IMPACTS", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil nitrogen", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "SEQUESTRATION", "630", "Tillage", "MOIST", "Long-term", "ORGANIC-CARBON", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Full inversion tillage", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "SOC", "CONSERVATION TILLAGE", "2. Zero hunger", "GREAT-PLAINS", "Soil organic carbon", "TEMPERATE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "No till", "NO-TILL", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "MATTER", "SYSTEM"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dimassi, Bassem, Cohan, Jean-Pierrre, Labreuche, Jerome, Mary, Bruno, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-09", "title": "Accumulation Of Carbon And Nitrogen In The Plant-Soil System After Afforestation Of Active Sand Dunes In China'S Horqin Sandy Land", "description": "Abstract   Afforestation of drylands is a potentially effective option to sequester carbon and to restore degraded soils and ecosystems. In China's Horqin Sandy Land, we investigated the effects of afforestation using Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) in areas with active sand dunes on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage in the plant\u2013soil system. The 28- and 38-year-old plantations had 72 and 160 times the ecosystem biomass C storage, respectively, of areas with active sand dunes; the corresponding ecosystem biomass N storage was 48 and 105 times the value for areas with active dunes, versus 1.8 and 2.3 times for soil total C (organic plus inorganic) storage and 1.4 and 1.5 times for soil total N storage. The C and N accumulation rates in the plant\u2013soil system were 678\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121 and 23\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0y\u22121, respectively, over 38 years. The remarkable effects of afforestation on soil C and N primarily appeared in the upper 20\u00a0cm of the soil. Our results indicated that afforestation of active sand dunes with Mongolian pine has high potential to sequester C and N in the plants and the soil. The biomass played a more important role than the soil for C sequestration, but the soil played a more important role than the biomass for N sequestration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-09", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Rice Crop With Different Tillage Permutations In Rice\u2013Wheat System", "description": "Global agriculture lies in intersection of two inescapable issues of the present times, viz. keeping pace with growing food demand and participating in climate change mitigation efforts. Rice cultivation is a major emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and no tillage of soil is becoming popular due to low economic investments with improved soil conditions. However, how these arrangements will affect GHG emissions need to be quantified. Therefore, monitoring over diverse agricultural practices is essential for optimum utilization of cultivable land and resources, while identifying the chances of emission reductions. We assessed the impacts of four tillage practices in rice\u2013wheat cultivation system on fluxes of GHGs (CH4, N2O and CO2) and yield of rice. The tillage practices were tilling of soil before sowing of every crop (RCT-WCT), tillage before sowing of rice but no tillage before sowing of wheat (RCT-WNT), tillage before sowing of wheat but no tillage before sowing of rice (RNT-WCT), and no tillage before sowing of rice as well as wheat (RNT-WNT). Reduction in tillage frequency led to significant reductions in fluxes of CH4 and N2O, but increased CO2 while permutations of tillage and no tillage influenced grain yield. RNT-WCT produced next to or comparable to the most yielding RCT-WCT. Although it is difficult to select the best performer since no single tillage permutation showed consistent increment in yield with accompanied emission reductions, RNT-WCT, however may be considered as better agricultural practice for the study region. Long term and extensive spatio-temporal monitoring is still required before making any recommendation. It is also essential for understanding the factors that cause declination in yields under no tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.07.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-22", "title": "Medium-Term Impact Of Tillage And Residue Management On Soil Aggregate Stability, Soil Carbon And Crop Productivity", "description": "Conservation agriculture is widely promoted for soil conservation and crop productivity increase, although rigorous empirical evidence from sub-Saharan Africa is still limited. This study aimed to quantify the medium-term impact of tillage (conventional and reduced) and crop residue management (retention and removal) on soil and crop performance in a maize\u2013soybean rotation. A replicated field trial was started in sub-humid Western Kenya in 2003, and measurements were taken from 2005 to 2008. Conventional tillage negatively affected soil aggregate stability when compared to reduced tillage, as indicated by lower mean weight diameter values upon wet sieving at 0\u201315 cm (PT < 0.001). This suggests increased susceptibility to slaking and soil erosion. Tillage and residue management alone did not affect soil C contents after 11 cropping seasons, but when residue was incorporated by tillage, soil C was higher at 15\u201330 cm (PT*R = 0.037). Lack of treatment effects on the C content of different aggregate fractions indicated that reduced tillage and/or residue retention did not increase physical C protection. The weak residue effect on aggregate stability and soil C may be attributed to insufficient residue retention. Soybean grain yields tended to be suppressed under reduced tillage without residue retention, especially in wet seasons (PT*R = 0.070). Consequently, future research should establish, for different climatic zones and soil types, the critical minimum residue retention levels for soil conservation and crop productivity.", "keywords": ["organic-matter dynamics", "crop residues", "agregados del suelo", "no-till", "yields", "nitrogen", "conservaci\u00f3n del suelo", "crop rotation", "2. Zero hunger", "rotaci\u00f3n de cultivos", "carbon", "soil conservation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbono", "protection", "stabilization", "conservation agriculture", "kenya", "soil aggregates", "africa", "tillage", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "labranza", "residuos de cosecha", "rendimiento", "africa al sur del sahara"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-21", "title": "Managing soil carbon for climate change mitigation and adaptation in Mediterranean cropping systems: A meta-analysis", "description": "Mediterranean croplands are seasonally dry agroecosystems with low soil organic carbon (SOC) content and high risk of land degradation and desertification. The increase in SOC is of special interest in these systems, as it can help to build resilience for climate change adaptation while contributing to mitigate global warming through the sequestration of atmospheric carbon (C). We compared SOC change and C sequestration under a number of recommended management practices (RMPs) with neighboring conventional plots under Mediterranean climate (174 data sets from 79 references). The highest response in C sequestration was achieved by those practices applying largest amounts of C inputs (land treatment and organic amendments). Conservation tillage practices (no-tillage and reduced tillage) induced lower effect sizes but significantly promoted C sequestration, whereas no effect and negative net sequestration rates were observed for slurry applications and unfertilized treatments, respectively. Practices combining external organic amendments with cover crops or conservation tillage (combined management practices and organic management) showed very good performance in C sequestration. We studied separately the changes in SOC under organic management, with 80 data sets from 30 references. The results also suggest that the degree of intensification in C input rate is the main driver behind the relative C accumulation in organic treatments. Thus, highest net C sequestration rates were observed in most eco-intensive groups, such as \u201cirrigated\u201d, \u201chorticulture\u201d and controlled experiments (\u201cplot scale\u201d).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-15", "title": "Change In Net Global Warming Potential Of A Rice-Wheat Cropping System With Biochar Soil Amendment In A Rice Paddy From China", "description": "Abstract   Soil amendment of biochar produced via pyrolysis of waste biomass had been proposed as a potential countermeasure to mitigate climate change in agriculture. An overall accounting of net greenhouse gas balance (NGHGB) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) was conducted of a whole rice\u2013winter wheat rotation year of 2010\u20132011 in a paddy soil under biochar soil amendment at different rates from Southeast China. Fluxes of soil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) were measured using a static chamber method, and the net ecosystem exchange of CO 2  (NEE) was estimated by the difference between net primary production (NPP) and soil CO 2  emissions ( R  H ) for both rice and winter wheat growing seasons. While no change observed in  R  H , NPP of both rice and winter wheat was similar between the treatments except for an increase under BSA at 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  over the control. However, seasonal total N 2 O emission was significantly and greatly decreased by 45.1% and 39.5% of rice growing season, and by 37.6% and 41.2% of winter wheat growing season under BSA treatment of 20\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  respectively over the control. Whereas, a 30.6% increase in seasonal total CH 4  emission was observed only under BSA of 20\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  of the rice growing season. However, BSA both at 20\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  and 40\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  exerted a great reduction in both NGHGB and GHGI of wheat cropping season but of the rice season. As an overall effect, a net reduction in GHGI by 10\u201320% with BSA was significant across all the biochar treatments. And this reduction could be accounted mainly by the consistent decrease in N 2 O emission across rice and wheat growing cycles with insignificant changes in soil respiration and CH 4  flux during rice season. Whereas there could be variable changes in crop yield and net ecosystem GHGs balance with biochar rates and with crop cycles, biochar soil amendment (BSA) could have a great potential to reach a low carbon intensity production with sustaining crop productivity of a whole rice and wheat rotation system in rice-based agriculture of China.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-12", "title": "Organic Amendments Affect Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics In A Paddy Soil", "description": "Abstract   Continuous excessive application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer and/or manure in areas with intensive agriculture can lead to an accumulation of P in soils and progressive saturation of soil sorption capacities, thus resulting in increased P loss from soil to aquatic ecosystem. An 8-year field experiment with four fertilization patterns (chemical fertilizer only, fertilizer plus straw, fertilizer plus 7.5\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  manure, and fertilizer plus 15\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  manure) was conducted in the Taihu Lake region of eastern China to investigate the effects of incorporation of straw and manure on P accumulation and the changes of P sorption capacity of a paddy soil. Degrees of P saturation, contents of Olsen-P and total P in manure treated soils were significantly higher than those treated with fertilizers alone or with straw retention ( P  S  max ) ranged from 24.7\u00a0mmol\u00a0kg \u22121  to 43.2\u00a0mmol\u00a0kg \u22121 , and was highly correlated with oxalate extractable Al (Al ox ,  r \u00a0=\u00a00.85) and Fe (Fe ox ,  r \u00a0=\u00a00.79). Moreover, path analysis showed that the direct effect of Al ox  on  S  max  was significant ( P  ox  on  S  max  was insignificant; and that Al ox  could also exert influence on  S  max  via its indirect effect through Fe ox  and organic matter. Thus, Al was the most important soil property associated with  S  max  in the paddy soil based on path analysis results.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-22", "title": "Long-Term Effect Of Contrasted Tillage And Crop Management On Soil Carbon Dynamics During 41 Years", "description": "Although numerous studies have been conducted on the effect of tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC), there is still no consensus on the importance of sequestration which can be expected from reduced tillage. Most studies have used a synchronic approach in fields or long-term experiments which were often poorly characterized with respect to initial conditions. In this paper, we used a diachronic approach to quantify SOC changes in a 41 years experiment comparing no-till (NT), shallow till (ST) and full inversion tillage (FIT) combined with crop managements (residues removal, rotation and catch crops). It included SOC measurements at time 0 and every 4 years, calculations at equivalent soil mass within or below the old ploughed layer. Results show that tillage or crop management had no significant effect on SOC stocks after 41 years both in the old ploughed layer (ca. 0-28 cm) and deeper (ca. 0-58 cm). Tillage had no effect on crop yields and residues. In the reduced tillage treatments (ST and NT), SOC accumulated in the surface layer (0-10 cm), reaching a plateau after 24 years but declined continuously in the lower layer (10-28 cm) at a rate of 0.42-0.44% yr(-1). The difference in SOC stocks (ST or NT minus FIT) over the old ploughed layer followed a non-monotonic pattern over time. Reduced tillage caused a rapid SOC sequestration during the first 4 years which remained more or less constant (mean = 2.17 and 1.31 t ha(-1), resp.) during the next 24 years and disappeared after 28 years. The drop was attributed to the higher water balance recorded during years 24-28. In the reduced tillage treatments, the changes in SOC over time were negatively correlated with the water balance, indicating that sequestration rate was positive in dry periods and negative in wet conditions. This study highlights the interest of diachronic approaches to understand the effect of tillage and its interaction with environmental and management factors.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Tillage", "Dynamics", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "Long-term", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "SOC", "Crop production", "Crop management"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dimassi, Bassem, Mary, Bruno, B., Wylleman, Richard, Labreuche, Jerome, Couture, Daniel, Piraux, Fran\u00e7ois, Cohan, Jean-Pierre,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-29", "title": "Earthworms Can Increase Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Managed Grassland: A Field Study", "description": "Earthworms are important in determining the greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of soils. In laboratory studies they have been shown to increase emissions of the potent GHG nitrous oxide (N2O). Here we test whether these earthworm-induced N2O emissions also occur in the field. We quantified N2O emissions in managed grassland in two different seasons (spring and autumn), applying two different types of fertilizer (organic and artificial fertilizer) and under two earthworm densities (175 individuals and 350 individuals m(-2)) of the species Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister). We found an increase in earthworm-induced N2O emissions of 286 and 394% in autumn for low and high earthworm densities (P = 0.044 and P = 0.007, respectively). There were no effects of earthworms on N2O emissions in spring. Fertilizer additions significantly increased cumulative N2O emissions and grass N content in spring and autumn. For grass N content interactions between earthworm addition and fertilizer type existed in both seasons. Our results suggest that the pathways through which earthworms affect N cycling (and thereby N2O emission) differ with weather conditions. We postulate that in spring the dry weather conditions overruled any earthworm effects, whereas in autumn earthworms mainly improved soil aeration and thereby increased both plant N uptake and diffusion of N2O to the atmosphere. While we showed the presence of earthworm-induced N2O emissions in managed grassland under field conditions for the first time, the nature and intensity of the earthworm effect in the field is conditional on soil physicochemical parameters and thereby on meteorological and seasonal dynamics. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "agroecosystem", "n2o emission", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon-dioxide", "fluxes", "soil", "crop residue", "13. Climate action", "peat", "gut", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mesocosms", "nitrifier denitrification"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-06-21", "title": "Amount, Distribution And Driving Factors Of Soil Organic Carbon And Nitrogen In Cropland And Grassland Soils Of Southeast Germany (Bavaria)", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural soils have a high potential for sequestration of atmospheric carbon due to their volume and several promising management options. However, there is a remarkable lack of information about the status quo of organic carbon in agricultural soils. In this study a comprehensive data set of 384 cropland soils and 333 grassland soils within the state of Bavaria in southeast Germany was analyzed in order to provide representative information on total amount, regional distribution and driving parameters of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) in agricultural soils of central Europe. The results showed that grassland soils stored higher amounts of SOC (11.8\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122) and N (0.92\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122) than cropland soils (9.0 and 0.66\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u22122, respectively) due to moisture-induced accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) in B horizons. Surprisingly, no distinct differences were found for the A horizons since tillage led to a relocation of SOM with depth in cropland soils. Statistical analyses of driving factors for SOM storage revealed soil moisture, represented by the topographic wetness index (TWI), as the most important parameter for both cropland and grassland soils. Climate effects (mean annual temperature and precipitation) were of minor importance in agricultural soils because management options counteracted them to a certain extent, particularly in cropland soils. The distribution of SOC and N stocks within Bavaria based on agricultural regions confirmed the importance of soil moisture since the highest cropland SOC and N stocks were found for tertiary hills and loess regions, which exhibited large areas with potentially high soil moisture content in extant floodplains. Grassland soils showed the highest accumulation of SOC and N in the Alps and Pre-Alps as a result of low temperatures, high amounts of precipitation and high soil moisture content in areas of glacial denudation. Soil class was identified as a further driving parameter for SOC and N storage in cropland soils. In total, cropland and grassland soils in Bavaria store 242 and 134\u00a0Mt SOC as well as 19 and 12\u00a0Mt N down to a soil depth of 1\u00a0m or the parent material, respectively.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Institut f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.05.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-25", "title": "Two-Year Simultaneous Records Of N2o And No Fluxes From A Farmed Cropland In The Northern China Plain With A Reduced Nitrogen Addition Rate By One-Third", "description": "Abstract   Given the common problem of fertilizer overuse, agronomists are calling for a reduction of the high nitrogen dose by 1/3. We carried out a field experiment over two full winter wheat\u2013summer maize rotations in the North China Plain (NCP) to determine whether this degree of nitrogen reduction will significantly reduce the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). Three treatments were investigated in the field trial: a control with no nitrogen application, the conventional practice with nitrogen over-application and the optimal practice with a reduced dose of nitrogen by 1/3. Our observations across all treatments over the experimental period reveal significant correlations of the fluxes of either gas with soil temperature and moisture as well as the concentrations of soil ammonium, nitrate and dissolvable organic carbon. There were strong correlations within the functions of the dual Arrhenius and Michaelis\u2013Menten kinetics, giving apparent activation energy values of 40\u201397 and 59\u201392\u00a0kJ\u00a0mol\u22121 for N2O and NO fluxes, respectively. Our results provide annual direct emission factors of 0.48\u20130.96% for N2O and 0.15\u20130.47% for NO and demonstrate a significant correlation between N2O emission induced by fertilization and fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The correlation indicates a significant potential of N2O mitigation via enhancing NUEs. A reduction in the nitrogen dose did not obviously mitigate either the annual NO emission in both rotations or the annual N2O emission in the second one. However, nitrogen reduction significantly decreased the annual total N2O emission by 38% during the first rotation. These inconsistencies in the responses of N2O emission to the reduced nitrogen dose can be attributed to improper fertilization practices, such as broadcasting urea prior to heavy rainfalls or irrigation events during the maize season, which implies a need for further fertilization practice options/techniques in addition to the reduction of nitrogen doses.", "keywords": ["Michaelis\u00e2\u20ac\u201cMenten kinetics", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide (N2O)", "Nitric oxide (NO)", "Nitrogen use efficiency", "13. Climate action", "Arrhenius kinetics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Direct emission factor", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-15", "title": "Biochar Does Not Affect Soil N-Transformations Or Microbial Community Structure Under Ruminant Urine Patches But Does Alter Relative Proportions Of Nitrogen Cycling Bacteria", "description": "Abstract   Nitrogen (N) cycling, especially denitrification, can be significantly altered when biochar is used as a soil conditioner. These alterations in N-cycling have been attributed to a combination of physicochemical change, alterations in microbial community ecology and pervading climatic conditions. This study investigated seasonal bacterial community change over two years in combination with a short-term winter study of N-transformations under bovine urine patches. A silt-loam pastoral soil in Canterbury, New Zealand was amended with either 0, 15 or 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  of  Pinus radiata  biochar (pyrolysed at \u223c450\u00a0\u00b0C) and bovine urine was added to patches within the 0 and 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  biochar amended plots (designated as 0\u00a0U and 30\u00a0U treatments, where U indicates \u2018urine\u2019).  No discernible differences in bacterial community structure were observed during the two year study or the short term N-transformation study when comparing non-amended and biochar-amended soil. Differences in bacterial community structure were only evident when comparing seasons, with data pertaining to each season from successive years clustering together. During the short-term N-transformation study, bacterial communities formed 3 distinct clusters corresponding to elevated levels of urine derived NH 4  + -N (days 0\u201310), increases in NO 3  \u2212 -N and N 2 O (days 10\u201322) and a decline in NO 3  \u2212 -N and N 2 O (day 20 onward). Biochar amendment did increase the relative abundance of up to 50% of individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs or \u2018species\u2019), including key nitrite oxidisers and nitrate reducers. Biochar amendment did not affect the concentrations of inorganic-N compounds.  The  nir S (nitrite reductase) gene became elevated in the 30\u00a0U treatment relative to the 0\u00a0U treatment \u223c10 days after the initial urine application. The  nos Z (nitrous oxide reductase) gene became elevated in the 30\u00a0U plots during the latter part of the experiment.  Conclusions:  \u2022   Biochar did not have a significant impact on the microbial community structure in pastoral soil over the course of two years.   \u2022   The relative proportion of nitrifiers and denitrifiers increased in biochar amended soils subjected to large influxes of urine derived N.   \u2022   Differences in N-transformation dynamics in the presence of biochar during the winter months were not statistically significant.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "N\u2082O emissions", "570", "denitrification", "bovine urine", "silt-loam soil", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil microbial ecology", "winter", "nitrification", "630", "6. Clean water", "veterinary and food sciences", "T-RFLP", "new generation sequencing", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "ANZSRC::44 Human society"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Timothy J. Clough, Kelly Hamonts, Leo M. Condron, Craig Anderson, Craig Anderson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-08-06", "title": "Improved Sampling Methods Document Decline In Soil Organic Carbon Stocks And Concentrations Of Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon After Transition From Swidden To Oil Palm Cultivation", "description": "Abstract   Oil palm plantations are spreading rapidly throughout Southeast Asia and in some countries, they are promoted as carbon sinks compared to the swidden cultivation systems that they often replace. However, little is known about the impacts of this land use change on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks or soil quality. This study uses resampling of archived soil samples to investigate the sensitivity of permanganate oxidizable carbon (Pox-C) concentration to a change in land use from swidden cultivation to small-scale oil palm plantation on an Ultisol in Sarawak, Malaysia. Furthermore, the results of two different methods of calculating SOC stocks are compared \u2013 namely the fixed depth approach and the equivalent soil mass approach, which is sensitive to changes in soil bulk density. Results show that using a method that is sensitive to changes in bulk density is important as the soil bulk density increases upon establishment of oil palm. Thus, topsoil carbon stocks significantly decreased 3\u20138 years after oil palm establishment as measured by the equivalent soil mass approach, but only marginally and insignificantly decreased according to the fixed depth approach. After 15 years of oil palm, carbon stocks were 40% lower according to the fixed depth approach but 50% lower when using the equivalent soil mass approach. Importantly, the resampling of geo-referenced soil gives more consistent data, and lends credibility to the observation of large reductions in SOC stocks. The concentration of Pox-C in the 0\u201310\u00a0cm layer declines exponentially as oil palm plantations age and can serve as an indicator of change in the soil ecosystem brought about by the investigated land use transition. Pox-C is not more sensitive to this change than standard SOC analyses, but it may serve as an inexpensive, fast and field-suitable means of estimating the SOC status of different land use systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "SB Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.06.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-10-16", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Potassium Fertilization And Straw Return On Soil Potassium Levels And Crop Yields In North-Central China", "description": "Abstract   Understanding the changes in soil potassium (K) and crop yield under K fertilization and straw return is important for proper K fertilizer management. A field experiment involving a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)\u2013maize (Zea mays L.) rotation was conducted to study the effects of long-term (20-year) K fertilization and straw return on soil K and crop yield in north-central China. Fertilization treatments included: nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP), NP plus wheat straw (NPS), NP and K fertilizers (NPK), and NPK plus wheat straw (NPKS). Annual soil K budget increased with increasing K inputs (including fertilizer K and straw K) in the order of NP", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shicheng Zhao, Jiyun Jin, Ping He, Shaojun Qiu, Adrian M. Johnston, Mengchao Liu, Liangliang Jia,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.09.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-01", "title": "Organic Matter Composition In Density Fractions Of Cerrado Ferralsols As Revealed By Cpmas 13c Nmr: Influence Of Pastureland, Cropland And Integrated Crop-Livestock", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Sodium polytungstate", "13. Climate action", "Physical fractionation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil use system", "01 natural sciences", "Spectroscopy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-16", "title": "Uncropped Field Margins To Mitigate Soil Carbon Losses In Agricultural Landscapes", "description": "Fil: D'acunto, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiologicas y Ecologicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition", "13. Climate action", "Field Margins", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agricultural Intensification", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "Pampas", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "D'acunto, Luciana, Semmartin, Mar\u00eda Gisela, Ghersa, Claudio Marco,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-15", "title": "Differential Responses Of Crop Yields And Soil Organic Carbon Stock To Fertilization And Rice Straw Incorporation In Three Cropping Systems In The Subtropics", "description": "Abstract   Because the in situ incorporation of rice straw into paddy fields enhances CH4 emissions, the ex situ (or shifted) incorporation of rice straw into uplands may provide an alternative way of mitigating CH4 emissions and increasing crop productivity and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. To evaluate the efficiency of this practice, three field trials were conducted in flooded paddies (FP), paddy-upland rotation (PU), and upland (UL) cropping systems in Taoyuan county, a subtropical region of China. All trials had three fertilization treatments: no fertilizer (Nil), chemical fertilizer only (NPK) and combined application of chemical fertilizer and rice straw (NPK\u00a0+\u00a0R in FP and NP\u00a0+\u00a0R in PU and UL). Results showed that the responses of crop yields to NPK in the UL trial (yields increased 2.4 to 4.1-folds relative to Nil) were greater than those of rice (increased 1.65 to 1.80-folds) in the FP and PU trial. Compared with NPK treatment, NPK\u00a0+\u00a0R constantly increased the grain yields of rice in the FP trial by 10% averagely, but not in PU trials. The effects of NP\u00a0+\u00a0R treatment on crop yields in the UL trial were significant (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wenxue Wei, Phil Brookes, Shoulong Liu, Yong Li, Daoyou Huang, Jinshui Wu, Anlei Chen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-25", "title": "Land Use And Management Effects On Carbon And Nitrogen In Mediterranean Cambisols", "description": "Abstract   In Mediterranean Europe, dehesa is the most widespread agroforestry system, that integrates forestry with agricultural and livestock management practices. It is characterized by the conservation of forest oaks to provide environmental services including carbon capture and storage. During the past two decades, many dehesa areas have been converted to olive groves with little information regarding long-term effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) distribution, total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, C:N relation, or stratification ratios (SR) throughout the soil profile. Understanding carbon and nitrogen dynamics is essential for making appropriate land management decisions. Our objective was to qualify SOC, TN, and profile SRs after Eutric Cambisols were converted from dehesa to olive groves using organic or conventional management practices for approximately 20 years. We analyzed soil profile samples from 45 farms in 2009 in Southern Spain. Olive groves managed using organic practices had more SOC stock (73.58\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) and TN stock (7.10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) than dehesa. SOC and TN decreased with depth under both land uses and managements. Overall, organic farming (OF) resulted in higher SOC and TN levels than conventional tillage (CT), but the SRs were similar for both land uses and management strategies. These results suggest that, in general, these soils do not have degradation problems. Only in SR2 (defined by Ap-A/C) of SOC and SR2 of TN, showed significant differences and soils under OF had higher quality than under CT. By contrast, the C:N stratification ratio was similar in all land uses and management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-29", "title": "Effects Of Grass-Clover Management And Cover Crops On Nitrogen Cycling And Nitrous Oxide Emissions In A Stockless Organic Crop Rotation", "description": "Nitrogen (N) supply in stockless organic farming may be improved through use of grass-clover for anaerobic digestion, producing biogas and digested manure for use as fertilizer in the crop rotation. We studied the effects of grass-clover management on N cycling, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and cash-crop yields in an organic arable crop rotation on a sandy loam soil in a cool temperate climate. The four-course crop rotation included spring barley (with undersown grass-clover), grass-clover, potato and winter wheat (with undersown cover crop). Two fertilization treatments were compared: \u201c\u2212M\u201d where plant material from grass-clover cuts was left in the field to decompose and no fertilizer or manure was applied to any crop in the rotation; and \u201c+M\u201d where plant material from grass-clover cuts was harvested and equivalent amounts of N in digested manure used for fertilization of cash crops in the rotation (spring barley, potato and winter wheat); actual digestion of grass-clover cuttings was not possible, instead digested pig manure was used as substitute for digested grass-clover. Nitrous oxide fluxes were monitored between April 2008 and May 2009. In general, application of digested manure had little or no effect on N2O emissions. Periods of high N2O emissions coincided with cover crop and grass-clover residue turnover, with little added effect of digested manure application. Annual N2O emissions did not vary between fertilization treatments, but the +M treatment had cash crop dry matter yields that were 14% higher than in the \u2212M treatment, and cash crop N yields were increased by 40%. The results show that reallocation of nutrients from grass-clover to cash crops following anaerobic digestion can help solve problems with low N availability. However, issues remain regarding N2O from cover crops and grass-clover in spring.", "keywords": ["anaerobic digestion", "2. Zero hunger", "nitrous oxide", "organic farming", "13. Climate action", "nitrate leaching", "grass-clover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crop", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-01", "title": "Soil Profile Carbon And Nitrogen In Prairie, Perennial Grass\u2013Legume Mixture And Wheat-Fallow Production In The Central High Plains, Usa", "description": "Abstract   Conversion of native prairie land for agricultural production has resulted in significant loss and redistribution of soil organic matter (SOM) in the soil profile ultimately leading to declining soil fertility in a low-productivity semiarid agroecosystem. Improved understanding of such losses can lead to development of sustainable land management practices that maintain soil fertility and enhance soil quality. This study was conducted to determine whether conservation practices impact soil profile carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation in central High Plains. Soil samples were taken at four-depth increments to 1.2\u00a0m in July of 2011 from five unfertilized fields under long-term management with varying degrees of soil disturbance: (1) historic wheat (Triticum aestivum)-fallow (HT) \u2013 managed with tillage alone, (2) conventional wheat-fallow (CT) \u2013 input of herbicides for weed control and fewer tillage operation than historic wheat-fallow, (3) no-till wheat-fallow (NT) \u2013 not plowed since 2000 and herbicides used for weed control, (4) grass\u2013legume mixture \u2013 established in 2005 as in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), and (5) native mixed grass prairie (NP) \u2013 representing a relatively undisturbed reference location. Cumulative soil organic C (SOC) was not significantly different among the three wheat-fallow systems when the whole profile (0\u2013120\u00a0cm) was analyzed. However, SOC, dissolved organic C (DOC), and total soil N contents decreased in the direction NP\u00a0>\u00a0CRP\u00a0\u2265\u00a0NT\u00a0>\u00a0HT\u00a0\u2265\u00a0CT in the surface 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth. In the surface 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth, estimated annual SOC storage rate averaged 0.28\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 since the cessation of tillage in 2000 and 0.58\u00a0Mg C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 since the establishment of CRP grass\u2013legume mixture in 2005. Cumulative soil inorganic C (SIC) accumulation ranged between 8.1 and 24.9\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121and was greatest under wheat-fallow systems, particularly at deeper soil layers, relative to the perennial systems (NP and CRP). Results from this study suggest that repeated soil disturbance induced by cropping and fallow favored large accumulation of SIC which presence may result in decline in soil fertility and productivity; whereas conversion from tilled wheat-fallow to CRP grass\u2013legume mixture offers great SOC storage potential relative to NT wheat-fallow practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Urszula Norton, Jay B. Norton, Tunsisa T. Hurisso,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.027", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-08", "title": "Effects Of Trees On Infiltrability And Preferential Flow In Two Contrasting Agroecosystems In Central America", "description": "Abstract   We tested the hypothesis that trees have measurable effects on infiltrability, macroporosity, and preferential flows in agrosilvopastoral systems. Managing agricultural systems for water conservation is a critical component of sustainable systems. We investigated the relationship between infiltrability and the distance to the nearest tree, and whether differences in macroporosity can account for differences in infiltrability.  In both systems, preferential soil water flows were dominant compared to matrix flow. Trees in the pasture landscape improved infiltrability and preferential flow but had no significant effect in the coffee agroforestry system. After comparing rainfall intensity and frequency data to the measured infiltrability values, we conclude that trees in the pasture system reduce surface runoff at the highest observed rainfall intensities (>50\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u22121 ). The volcanic soils of the coffee plantation are less degraded and their high natural permeability has been maintained. Since the coffee plants at this site are established (40 years) perennial vegetation with substantial residues and extensive root systems like trees, they improve soil physical properties similarly to trees.  Trees increase hydrologic services in pasture lands, a rapidly expanding land use type across Latin America, and therefore may be a viable land management option for mitigating some of the negative environmental impacts associated with land clearing and animal husbandry. However, in land management practices where understorey perennial vegetation makes up a large proportion of the cover, such as for coffee agroforestry systems, the effect of trees on infiltration-related ecosystem services could be less pronounced", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "F40 - \u00c9cologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "culture associ\u00e9e", "structure agricole", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1920", "01 natural sciences", "utilisation des terres", "\u00e9cologie", "p\u00e2turages", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_14398", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16034", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5626", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165", "\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me forestier", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "agroforesterie", "perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 du sol", "2. Zero hunger", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35927", "syst\u00e8me racinaire", "transport des substances nutritives", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202", "15. Life on land", "ruissellement", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374842133961", "F61 - Physiologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale - Nutrition", "conservation des sols", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388", "13. Climate action", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5272", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2467", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3651"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.027"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.027", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.027", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.027"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-12-21", "title": "Soil Carbon Indices As Affected By 10 Years Of Integrated Crop-Livestock Production With Different Pasture Grazing Intensities In Southern Brazil", "description": "Abstract   Brazil has the world's second-largest cattle herd and second-largest no-till grain crop area. However, these activities are not frequently integrated because there is a widespread perception that cattle have a negative effect on cropping, especially when high crop yields are a goal. This misunderstanding of the synergy between pastures, livestock and crops is linked to overgrazing at the pasture rotation phase, which causes a decline in soil quality. Few studies have investigated the effect of pasture grazing intensities on soil carbon (C) balance and soil quality in subtropical environments. This work assessed the effects of different grazing intensities (0.10, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40\u00a0m sward height) on soil C indices and animal productivity in a clay Haplorthox. The crop\u2013livestock system model was a soybean/ryegrass plus black oat annual rotation managed for 10 years, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Grazing intensity affected the quantity and composition of soil C input. Under heavy grazing with limited soil C input, there was a decrease in pasture and an increase in soybean participation in total C input. Soil organic C (0\u20130.20\u00a0m) under different grazing intensities had a linear relationship with C stratification ratio, C management index (CMI) and C pool index. Our results suggest that integrated crop\u2013livestock systems could act as atmospheric C sources or sinks, depending on the grazing intensity. Pastures managed at 0.20 and 0.40\u00a0m height had the best balance between CMI and animal daily gain. The best balance between CMI and live weight gain per unit area occurred in sward height of 0.20\u00a0m.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-12-12", "title": "Increased Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Under Agroforestry: A Survey Of Six Different Sites In France", "description": "Agroforestry systems are land use management systems in which trees are grown in combination with crops or pasture in the same field. In silvoarable systems, trees are intercropped with arable crops, and in silvopastoral systems trees are combined with pasture for livestock. These systems may produce forage and timber as well as providing ecosystem services such as climate change mitigation. Carbon (C) is stored in the aboveground and belowground biomass of the trees, and the transfer of organic matter from the trees to the soil can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Few studies have assessed the impact of agroforestry systems on carbon storage in soils in temperate climates, as most have been undertaken in tropical regions. This study assessed five silvoarable systems and one silvopastoral system in France. All sites had an agroforestry system with an adjacent, purely agricultural control plot. The land use management in the inter-rows in the agroforestry systems and in the control plots were identical. The age of the study sites ranged from 6 to 41 years after tree planting. Depending on the type of soil, the sampling depth ranged from 20 to 100 cm and SOC stocks were assessed using equivalent soil masses. The aboveground biomass of the trees was also measured at all sites. In the silvoarable systems, the mean organic carbon stock accumulation rate in the soil was 0.24 (0.09-0.46) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) at a depth of 30 cm and 0.65 (0.004-1.85) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) in the tree biomass. Increased SOC stocks were also found in deeper soil layers at two silvoarable sites. Young plantations stored additional SOC but mainly in the soil under the rows of trees, possibly as a result of the herbaceous vegetation growing in the rows. At the silvopastoral site, the SOC stock was significantly greater at a depth of 30-50 cm than in the control. Overall, this study showed the potential of agroforestry systems to store C in both soil and biomass in temperate regions.", "keywords": ["Juglans regia", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Lolium perenne", "culture associ\u00e9e", "adaptation aux changements climatiques", "01 natural sciences", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6455", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3660", "syst\u00e8me sylvopastoral", "p\u00e2turages", "biomasse a\u00e9rienne des arbres", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33798", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "herbage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35927", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3539", "Aboveground biomass", "Raphanus sativus", "Helianthus annuus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Alley cropping", "rotation culturale", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926", "Aboveground", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "Equivalent soil mass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4060", "Belowground biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4425", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2764", "environment/Ecosystems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1373987680230", "cycle du carbone", "570", "\u00e9levage extensif", "Triticum aestivum", "Festuca arundinacea", "Brassica", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Juglans nigra", "utilisation des terres", "arbre d'ombrage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1061", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1060", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5626", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "biomasse", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3366", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4059", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2869", "L01 - \u00c9levage - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16097", "Hordeum", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25548", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "Phacelia tanacetifolia", "K10 - Production foresti\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7951", "13. Climate action", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Sinapis alba", "Soil organic carbon storage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.12.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-02-14", "title": "Short-Term Effects Of Biochar On Soil Properties And Wheat Yield Formation With Meat Bone Meal And Inorganic Fertiliser On A Boreal Loamy Sand", "description": "Abstract   Poor water retention capacity (WRC) and nutrient deficiency commonly limit crop yields in sandy soils. The use of biochar as a soil amendment has been previously reported to improve these limiting factors in subtropical and temperate soils. We studied the effects of biochar on soil properties and yield formation of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when applied together with inorganic fertiliser or meat bone meal (MBM) to an Endogleyic Umbrisol with a loamy sand texture in boreal conditions. In a two-year field experiment, biochar was applied at 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 combined with three fertiliser treatments (unfertilised control, MBM and inorganic fertiliser) providing equal amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Soil WRC and fertility as well as wheat yield, yield components and quality were analysed. Soil moisture content, leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll values (SPAD) were monitored during the experiment. Biochar increased the plant-available water content of the topsoil in the first year and reduced the bulk density in the second year after application. It also increased the contents of easily soluble K and soil organic C (SOC) in the 20\u00a0cm of topsoil, but had no effects on other soil nutrients, pH or moisture content. Biochar amendment decreased the soil NO3\u2212-N content below control values in the first year but increased it significantly in the second year. The addition of biochar did not significantly affect the nitrogen uptake, grain yield or quality of wheat, possibly because of its low nutrient availability and the high organic matter content of the soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-15", "title": "Response Of Nitrous Oxide Emission To Soil Mulching And Nitrogen Fertilization In Semi-Arid Farmland", "description": "a b s t r a c t Plastic film and gravel mulching have long been used to improve crop production, but few studies have focused on the effects of these mulching practices on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Understanding the response of N2O emission to soil surface mulching is beneficial for improving management practices. We performed two field experiments over two years in northwestern China to measure the annual N2O emissions using the static chamber technique: first, we compared the N2O emissions from non-mulched (BP), gravel-mulched (GM) and plastic film-mulched (FM) maize (Zea mays L.) fields that received an equivalent nitrogen (N) application rate; second, we monitored the N2O emissions from film-mulched maize fields that received different N application rates (N applied at 0 (N0), 250 (N250) and 380 (N380) kg N ha", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-21", "title": "Temperature Sensitivity Of Biochar And Native Carbon Mineralisation In Biochar-Amended Soils", "description": "Temperature sensitivity of biochar-C in soils is not well understood. To acquire this information, we incubated two \u03b413C-depleted (\u221236.3 or \u221236.5\u2030) wood biochars produced at 450 and 550\u00a0\u00b0C, under controlled laboratory conditions at 20, 40 and 60\u00a0\u00b0C in four contrasting soils (Inceptisol, Entisol, Oxisol and Vertisol). The respired CO2 and associated \u03b413C were analysed periodically (12\u201322 times) over two years. The temperature sensitivity of biochar-C and native SOC mineralisation was computed as: (i) averaged Q10 (Q10a) for the whole (2-year) time series using a temperature-incorporated mineralisation model to estimate a temperature scaling function for the exponential Q10 model; (ii) instantaneous Q10 (Q10i) by using a time series of C mineralisation rates for a simple Q10 model; and (iii) cumulative Q10 (Q10c) by using cumulative C mineralised over certain incubation periods for a simple Q10 model.    The mineralisation rates of biochar-C and native SOC increased with increasing temperature and their temperature sensitivities were significantly (p\u00a0<\u00a00.001) affected by soil type. For example, biochar-C Q10a was the greatest (also for native SOC) in the Vertisol (2.74\u20132.77), followed by Inceptisol (2.47\u20132.66) and Entisol (2.39\u20132.45), and the smallest in the Oxisol (1.93\u20132.20) for the 20\u201340\u00a0\u00b0C range. Biochar and native SOC Q10a were the smallest in the Vertisol for the 40\u201360\u00a0\u00b0C range. Biochar-C Q10a was not influenced by biochar type (450 or 550\u00a0\u00b0C). The presence of biochar decreased Q10a of the native SOC in the Entisol, Vertisol and Inceptisol, but this influence did not occur in the Oxisol, especially at 20\u201340\u00a0\u00b0C. The temperature sensitivity of biochar-C (Q10a and Q10c) and SOC (Q10a and Q10i) decreased with increasing incubation temperature range. The Q10i values of biochar-C and SOC increased with time in the 20\u201340\u00a0\u00b0C range. Even though biochar-C was found to be more stable than native SOC (based on their mineralisation rate constants), the Q10a, Q10c and Q10i values for biochar-C were either smaller or similar to that of native SOC. In conclusion, the findings of this study which was conducted in the absence of plant suggest that soil characteristics can alter the temperature sensitivity of biochar-C. Furthermore, biochar can decrease the temperature sensitivity of native SOC mineralisation and consequently enhance C sequestration in soil under climate warming.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.030", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-25", "title": "An Incubation Study Investigating The Mechanisms That Impact N2o Flux From Soil Following Biochar Application", "description": "Abstract   An incubation study with four contrasting soils (Vertosol, Ferrosol, Calcarosol and Tenosol) and three biochars (oil mallee [OM-], wheat chaff [W-]) and poultry litter [PL-] all produced at 550\u00a0\u00b0C) applied at 1% w/w to each of the soils was conducted (n = 4). The soils were packed in cylindrical chambers and were subjected to five cycles of four weeks of wetting and four weeks of drying. The soils received 10 atom % 15N-KNO3\u2212 in the 1st and 5th wetting cycles. Two of the four soils (Ferrosol and Tenosol) were applied with labile carbon (C) between the 2nd and 5th wetting cycle, while the other two soils (Vertosol and Calcarosol) were amended with labile C in the 5th wetting cycle only. Peak nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the Tenosol, Ferrosol and Calcarosol occurred within the 1st wetting cycle, whereas the Vertosol without labile C did not emit N2O. However, the co-application of labile C with 15N-NO3\u2212 to the Vertosol in the 5th wetting supported N2O emissions. The greatest reduction in N2O emissions following biochar amendment occurred due to the use of OM-biochar in the Tenosol; which decreased the emissions from 1.95 kg N2O-N ha\u22121 to 0.58 kg N2O-N ha\u22121 across the first 4 wetting/drying cycles. The majority of N2O emissions occurred during the first wetting cycle (85% water filled porosity). In contrast, application of PL-biochar did not result in a statistically significant reduction in emission of N2O. Assessing the source of emissions, the initial N2O from the Ferrosol and the Calcarosol was principally from native N-sources, while in the Tenosol between 31\u201357% of N2O originated from the added NO3\u2212. While biochars reduced the overall emissions of N2O in the Tenosol, they also reduced the proportion of the N2O originating from the supplied NO3\u2212 during the first wetting cycle, possibly by limiting NO3\u2212 availability to denitrifers. Towards the end of the incubation period bacterial nitrifier gene abundance (amoA) in the unamended Tenosol was lower (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.030"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.030", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.030", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.030"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-26", "title": "Contrasting Effects Of Straw And Straw-Derived Biochar Amendments On Greenhouse Gas Emissions Within Double Rice Cropping Systems", "description": "Abstract   The amendment of biochar derived from crop residues to soil has been proposed as a potential mitigation strategy for tackling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in cropping systems. A field experiment was carried out to investigate GHG emissions from rice paddy fields treated with straw incorporation and straw-derived biochar amendment at various rates during two consecutive rice growing seasons in double rice cropping systems. The treatments included the following: control (no straw incorporation and no biochar amendment), low straw (rice straw incorporated at 3\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ), high straw (rice straw incorporated at 6\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ), low biochar (straw-derived biochar amended at 7.5\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  in 2011 and adjusted to 24\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  in 2012) and high biochar (straw-derived biochar amended at 22.5\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  in 2011 and adjusted to 48\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  in 2012). The results showed that straw incorporation significantly increased CH 4  emissions relative to the control treatment, whereas biochar amendment significantly reduced CH 4  emissions at the highest application rates (48\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ), possibly due to a biochar-induced increase in soil pH. The seasonal cumulative CH 4  emissions from the low and high straw treatments were 3.0\u20134.1 and 6.4\u20138.6 times greater, respectively, in the 2011 late rice season and 7\u201313 and 13\u201323 times greater, respectively, in the 2012 early rice season than those from both biochar treatments. In contrast, N 2 O emissions decreased by 26\u201368% in comparison with the control when straw was applied to the soil, but increased by 0.13\u20130.80 times in the presence of biochar, possibly due to the increased availability of NH 4  +  or NO 3  \u2212  originating from the added biochar. The seasonal cumulative N 2 O emissions were relatively low (15\u2013200\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ) across all the treatments. The estimated seasonal gross global warming potentials (GWP) of CH 4  plus N 2 O among the treatments showed a similar pattern to the seasonal cumulative CH 4  emissions due to the dominance of CH 4  to gross GWP (83\u201399% of the total). As rice straw incorporation also reduced rice grain yield, especially during the early rice season, the yield-scaled GWPs were even higher in the straw amendment treatments compared with the biochar treatments (3.2\u20134.0 and 7.1\u20138.8 times in 2011 and 9.4\u201313 and 18\u201325 times in 2012 for the low and high straw treatments, respectively). The lower gross and yield-scaled GWPs in paddy fields amended with biochar indicated that transforming straw to biochar and subsequent addition to paddy fields has potential to mitigate GHG emissions in double rice cropping systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-28", "title": "Impact Of Pine Chip Biochar On Trace Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Soil Nutrient Dynamics In An Annual Ryegrass System In California", "description": "Abstract   Manure generated by dairy cattle is a useful soil amendment but contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and water pollution from nutrient leaching. In order to assess the impact of pine chip biochar produced at a peak temperature of 550\u00a0\u00b0C when added to a dairy grassland system, a one-year field study was conducted on a sandy loam soil under annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) grown for silage in Petaluma, California. Manure was applied to all plots at a rate of ca. 150\u00a0m3\u00a0ha\u22121 (410\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121). Control plots received no biochar, high application biochar plots (HB) received biochar (with a 17% ash content) at a rate of 18.8\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121, and low application biochar plots (LB) received the same biochar at 5.7\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121. Although the HB plots demonstrated the lowest cumulative nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions, there was no significant difference between treatments (p\u00a0=\u00a00.152 and p\u00a0=\u00a00.496, respectively). Soil pH results from samples collected throughout the year indicated a significant treatment effect (p\u00a0=\u00a00.046), though Tukey test results indicated that there was no difference between mean values. Soil total carbon was significantly higher in HB plots at the end of the experiment (p\u00a0=\u00a00.025) and nitrate (NO3\u2212) intensity throughout the year (which expresses potential exposure of NO3\u2212 to the soil microbial community) was significantly lower in HB plots compared to the control (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001). Annual cumulative potassium (K+) loss from HB plots was significantly higher than from the other treatments (p\u00a0=\u00a00.018). HB plots also demonstrated a short-term increase in phosphorus (P) and ammonium (NH4+) in leachate during the first rainfall event following manure and biochar application (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.035", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-26", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen Stocks Under Different Land Uses In A Semi-Arid Watershed In Tigray, Northern Ethiopia", "description": "Abstract   In Ethiopia, massive deforestation of natural forests and extensive use of agricultural lands have resulted in soil degradation. Soil organic carbon (SOC) quantity and quality are crucial to soil quality. However, knowledge on the effects of land use change on soil carbon storage in semi-arid northern Ethiopia is very limited. To address this problem, a study was undertaken within a semi-arid watershed in eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, to estimate SOC and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and stocks in 0\u20135, 5\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330\u00a0cm soil layers for five land uses: rainfed crop production (RF), agroforestry based crop production (AF), open communal pasture (OP), silvopasture (SP) and irrigation based fruit production (IR) each with five replications. Generally, both magnitude and difference in SOC and TN concentrations showed a decreasing trend with depth within and among most land uses. SOC and TN concentrations were highly correlated in all land uses and depths. Total stocks in 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer were 25.8, 16.1, 52.6, 24.4 and 39.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 for SOC compared with 2.7, 1.6, 4.9, 1.9 and 3.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 for TN in AF, RF, OP, IR and SP land uses, respectively. With RF as baseline and the duration of 50 years since land use conversion, the average rate of accumulation was 0.73, 0.46, and 0.19\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 in comparison with 0.065, 0.038, and 0.022\u00a0Mg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 for OP, SP and AF, respectively. Soils under IR also accumulated 0.56\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 and 0.019\u00a0Mg\u00a0TN\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer and in comparison with the RF land use system on an average of 15 years. The results of this study revealed that conversion of croplands to grasslands or integration of appropriate agroforestry trees in cropping fields in the region has large technical potential of SOC and TN sequestrations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.035"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.035", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.035", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.035"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-27", "title": "Biochar Does Not Mitigate Field-Scale N2o Emissions In A Northern California Vineyard: An Assessment Across Two Years", "description": "Abstract   Biochar amendment to soil has been proposed as a mechanism to mitigate climate change through an array of mechanisms; one being the mitigation of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Yet the extent and mechanisms through which this may be achieved in temperate agroecosystems is uncertain. We used a pine chip biochar produced at a moderate temperature (550\u00a0\u00b0C, PC biochar) and a walnut shell biochar produced at a higher temperature (900\u00a0\u00b0C, WS biochar). Biochar was applied at 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 to a working commercial wine grape system in North-Central California. The effects of biochar were assessed over two years at two distinct functional locations: the berm and row, which differed in N application and irrigation. N2O emissions and ancillary soil properties (NH4+, NO3, water filled pore space (WFPS), and pH) were closely monitored following management and precipitation events. Soil bulk density, cover crop yield and soil C and N were measured annually to address longer term changes in cropping system and soil properties. In the PC biochar treatment, annual cumulative N2O emissions were significantly higher than the control treatment each year (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-04-07", "title": "Changes In Organic Carbon In Topsoil And Subsoil And Microbial Community Composition Caused By Repeated Additions Of Organic Amendments And N Fertilisation In A Long-Term Field Experiment In Sweden", "description": "Abstract   The effects of 13 years of biennial application of four organic amendments (compost, green manure, farmyard manure and sewage sludge) on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, microbial biomass and community structure were compared with those of bare fallow, an unfertilised control and N-fertilised treatments. The experiment was conducted on a clay soil in western Sweden, in a randomised block design with four replicates. The crops grown were spring barley and oats. Changes in SOC mass were estimated by the \u2018equivalent soil mass\u2019 concept. Carbon inputs from crops were calculated from grain yields using linear allometric functions. The decomposition rate of soil organic matter was derived from a bare fallow treatment. Humification coefficients, defined here as the fraction of C input entering the SOC pool, for the organic amendments and crop residues were estimated by fitting a single-pool first order model to the final SOC stocks. The humification coefficient was highest for domestic waste compost (0.9) and lowest for above-ground crop residues (0.19). Crop yields were highest in sewage sludge-amended soil, probably due to favourable physical soil conditions, as indicated by lower bulk density (1.27\u20131.30\u00a0g\u00a0cm\u22123) than in the other treatments (1.32\u20131.38\u00a0g\u00a0cm\u22123). Despite addition of relatively high amounts of organic N, yields in other treatments receiving organic amendments were significantly lower than in those receiving mineral N fertiliser. In particular, the compost material was found to be highly recalcitrant, as indicated by its low C/N ratio (10) and low crop yield. Comparison of the correlation between phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentration and SOC showed that compost supported relatively less microbial biomass than the other substrates tested. An important finding was that differences in SOC between treatments were significant to 40\u00a0cm depth and that up to 27% of the SOC changes observed to 40\u00a0cm depth occurred in the upper subsoil (25\u201340\u00a0cm). Thus, SOC changes below ploughing depth should be considered in SOC balance studies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.03.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-09", "title": "Comparative Analysis Of The Microbial Communities In Agricultural Soil Amended With Enhanced Biochars Or Traditional Fertilisers", "description": "(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) No abstract provided.", "keywords": ["570", "anzsrc-for: 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "bats", "Veterinary and Food Sciences", "anzsrc-for: 16 Studies in Human Society", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "bat", "30 Agricultural", "630", "anzsrc-for: 3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "anzsrc-for: 30 Agricultural", "Chiroptera", "Animalia", "2 Zero Hunger", "Chordata", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil Chemistry (excl. Carbon Sequestration Science)", "anzsrc-for: 44 Human society", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "6. Clean water", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Mammalia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "The Effect Of Pasture Utilization Rate On Stocks Of Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen In A Semi-Arid Tropical Grassland", "description": "The influence of grazing management on total soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (TN) in tropical grasslands is an issue of considerable ecological and economic interest. Here we have used linear mixed models to investigate the effect of grazing management on stocks of SOC and TN in the top 0.5 m of the soil profile. The study site was a long-term pasture utilization experiment, 26 years after the experiment was established for sheep grazing on native Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) pasture in northern Australia. The pasture utilization rates were between 0% (exclosure) and 80%, assessed visually. We found that a significant amount of TN had been lost from the top 0.1 m of the soil profile as a result of grazing, with 80% pasture utilization resulting in a loss of 84 kg ha\u22121 over the 26-year period. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on TN when greater soil depths were considered. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on stocks of SOC and soil particulate organic carbon (POC), or the C:N ratio at any depth; however, visual trends in the data suggested some agreement with the literature, whereby increased grazing pressure appeared to: (i) decrease SOC and POC stocks; and, (ii) increase the C:N ratio. Overall, the statistical power of the study was limited, and future research would benefit from a more comprehensive sampling scheme. Previous studies at the site have found that a pasture utilization rate of 30% is sustainable for grazing production on Mitchell grass; however, given our results, we conclude that N inputs (possibly through management of native N2-fixing pasture legumes) should be made for long-term maintenance of soil health, and pasture productivity, within this ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil nitrogen", "Pasture utilization", "Tropical grassland", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "630", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "Grazing management", "1103 Animal Science and Zoology", "Rangelands. Range management. Grazing", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-26", "title": "Long-Term Addition Of Compost And Np Fertilizer Increases Crop Yield And Improves Soil Quality In Experiments On Smallholder Farms", "description": "Abstract   Soil fertility decline due to low nutrient input is a constraint for sustainable agriculture in smallholder farming systems in Ethiopia. In this study, crop productivity and soil organic matter buildup were compared in soils receiving locally made compost, applied either alone or in combination with NP fertilizer. The experiments had four treatments: full dose of compost (C), full dose of fertilizer (F), half compost and half fertilizer (CF), and unfertilized control (control). The full dose of compost was equivalent to 2.4\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  organic matter. The field study was conducted on four farm fields in the village Beseku, each representing different sub-villages. Participating farmers were selected based on their willingness and an assessment of dedication to carry out the experiment. The experiments, a randomized complete block design with three replications, were replicated across four farm fields. The treatments were repeated for six cropping seasons (years), and data on soil nutrient status and crop (maize, wheat, potato, and faba bean) harvests were collected. In the 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil layer, pH was ( P\u00a0  P\u00a0  \u22121  in C treatment, and by 4.74 and 0.45\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  in CF treatment. Treatment effects on crop harvests were significant ( P\u00a0  \u00a0F\u00a0>\u00a0C\u00a0>\u00a0control in the initial season, CF\u00a0>\u00a0C\u00a0>\u00a0F\u00a0>\u00a0control in the next three consecutive seasons, and C\u00a0>\u00a0CF\u00a0>\u00a0F\u00a0> control in the final year of the experiment. The overall combined yield was in the order of CF\u00a0>\u00a0C\u00a0>\u00a0F\u00a0>\u00a0control for maize and faba bean, CF\u00a0>\u00a0F\u00a0>\u00a0C\u00a0>\u00a0control for potato, and F\u00a0>\u00a0CF\u00a0>\u00a0C\u00a0>\u00a0control for wheat. The addition of either compost alone or in combination with NP fertilizer improved soil properties and crop productivity, compared with control and only fertilizer addition. Therefore, compost addition can serve as a complement to fertilizer use and reduce dependence on mineral fertilizer in low-input crop production system. The apparent synergy between compost and fertilizer addition needs further research in order to be explained.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Workneh Bedada, Erik Karltun, Mulugeta Lemenih, Motuma Tolera,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.026", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-15", "title": "The Influence Of Land Use And Management On Soil Carbon Levels For Crop-Pasture Systems In Central New South Wales, Australia", "description": "Abstract   Changes in land use and management have been proposed as a way to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) in crop and pasture systems. Some of the proposed activities to improve SOC are the introduction of pasture phases in cropping systems, stubble retention, no-till cropping, improved fertilisation, introduction of more productive pasture species and grazing management. There is also growing interest in novel farming systems, such as pasture cropping (intercropping cereal crops with established perennial pastures), which may improve SOC. However, there have been few broad scale surveys to determine whether these land management changes have an impact on commercial farms. In this study, comparisons of land use were established for mixed farming and pasture cropping systems in the slopes region (average annual rainfall: 500\u2013650\u00a0mm) and for cropping and pasture in the plains region (average annual rainfall: 300\u2013500\u00a0mm) of Central West NSW, Australia. The survey aimed to determine the difference in SOC stocks (Mg\u2009C\u2009ha\u22121) and the composition of three soil organic carbon fractions (particulate \u2013 POC, humus \u2013 HUM and resistant \u2013 ROC). The influences of management actions and pasture composition were also assessed across pasture and cropping land uses. Cropping systems had lower SOC stocks in the soil than pasture systems in each region, but pasture cropping was not different from perennial pasture. Generally, there were larger differences in the POC due to land use and management than the other SOC fractions. Management practices in cropping systems explained greater variability in SOC than in pastures. For cropping systems, higher amounts of P fertiliser were associated with higher SOC, POC and ROC while higher amounts of N fertiliser were associated with lower SOC, POC and ROC. For pastures, the proportion of bare ground was associated with lower SOC and POC. These associations indicate there is an opportunity to increase SOC by converting cropping land to permanent pasture, increasing the frequency of pasture phases, changing crop fertiliser regimes and reducing bare ground in pastures, but further work is needed to verify the causality behind these associations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.026"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.026", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.026", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.06.026"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-09", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Straw Incorporation On The Net Global Warming Potential And The Net Economic Benefit In A Rice\u2013Wheat Cropping System In China", "description": "Abstract   Straw incorporation has multiple effects on greenhouse gas emissions and soil productivity. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the effects of long-term straw incorporation. An ongoing long-term straw incorporation experiment in a rice\u2013wheat cropping system in China was established in 1990 and was used in the present study to evaluate the net global warming potential (NGWP) and the net economic benefit (NEB) of the straw return. The following four field treatments were included: a control (CK); N, P and K fertilization (NPK); fertilization plus a moderate rate of straw application (NPKS1); and fertilization plus a high rate of straw application (NPKS2). We calculated the increase in the soil organic carbon (SOC) and the straw-induced emissions of CH4 and N2O, which were expressed as the global warming potential (GWP) in units of CO2-equivalent (CO2-eq) at the 100-year scale. The straw-induced NEB was defined as the difference between the economic income, which was calculated by multiplying the increase in straw-induced crop grain yield by the grain price, and the economic loss was computed by multiplying the increase in straw-induced CO2-eq emissions by the carbon price. The results showed that long-term straw incorporation significantly increased the CH4 emissions and the topsoil SOC density. The GWP of the straw-induced CH4 emissions was 3.21\u20133.92 times that of the straw-induced SOC sequestration rate, suggesting that long-term direct straw incorporation in the rice\u2013wheat systems worsens rather than mitigates the climate change. Additionally, continuous straw incorporation slightly enhanced the rice and wheat grain yields, contributing to the production of the NEB. We determined that under the current carbon price, ranging from 2.55 to 31.71 EUR per ton CO2-eq, the direct straw incorporation will produce a positive NEB, ranging from 156 to 658 RMB\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121, if the grain yield prices do not fluctuate, which does not provide a significant incentive for farmers to change from their traditional direct straw incorporation pattern. Considering the other benefits that the straw application produced, such as improving soil fertility and the water retention capacity, we recommend that the government should establish an incentive for ecological compensation to encourage farmers to implement proper straw incorporation, such as composting straw under aerobic conditions before application.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shuwei Wang, Longlong Xia, Xiaoyuan Yan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-13", "title": "Effect Of No-Tillage With Weed Cover Mulching Versus Conventional Tillage On Global Warming Potential And Nitrate Leaching", "description": "Abstract   Abandoned agricultural land could potentially accumulate soil organic carbon (SOC) when it is no longer used for cultivation and is allowed to revert to natural vegetation. In Japan, no tillage with weed mulching will be adopted in marginal farmland as a new organic farming system because this system minimizes the disturbance of the soil ecosystem and reduces the cost for crop production. The present study aimed to compare the effects of two organic farming systems, namely no-tillage with weed cover mulching and conventional tillage (CT), and two organic fertilizer application modes, namely no fertilizer (N\u2212) and organic fertilizer (N+; 50\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 during 2010 and 2011 and 80\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha\u22121 during 2012) on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, soil carbon sequestration, net global warming potential (GWP), and nitrate leaching. Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) was cultivated as the main crop in 2010 and 2011, whereas mixed cropping of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was implemented in 2012. Tillage management increased CH4 uptake immediately after the tillage; however, the effects did not continue in the long term. On the contrary, NTW increased CH4 uptake, and the soil carbon content at the soil surface linearly increased every year after conversion to NTW indicating that improving soil physics by continuing NTW contributed to enhanced CH4 uptake. N2O emissions in NTW were higher only immediately after a weed mowing; however, NTW did not increase the annual N2O emission. In addition, the difference between initial and final SOC (\u0394SOC) was greater in NTW than in CT, which significantly decreased net GWP in NTW in comparison with CT. Nitrate leaching was 48.6% and 47.3% lower in NTW than in CT at soil depths of 30\u201360 and 60\u201390\u00a0cm, respectively. These results show that no-tillage with weed cover mulching contributed to conserve the regional and global environment by reducing nitrate leaching and net GWP from the agro-ecosystem by increasing the annual CH4 uptake and soil carbon sequestration. This system will be adopted for abandoned agricultural land because it reduces net GWP shortly after conversion to this management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-12", "title": "Carbon Accumulates In Organo-Mineral Complexes After Long-Term Liquid Dairy Manure Application", "description": "Abstract   Quantifying and understanding the impact of animal manure on soil organic carbon (OC) is important for agronomic and environmental purposes. The influence of liquid manure on soil OC stocks has been less studied and was found to be more variable than that of solid manure. In addition, only a few studies have analyzed the effects of animal manure on stable fractions of soil OC. Our objective was to quantify OC in the whole soil and in specific physical fractions of organic matter (free and intra-aggregate light fractions, and sand and silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay-size heavy fractions) within a 0\u201350\u00a0cm soil profile after 17 years of applications of liquid dairy manure (LDM) and mineral fertilizer on a perennial grass sward. The mineral fertilizer and LDM were applied at nominally 200 and 400\u00a0kg mineral-N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  (low and high rates, respectively) to tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea  Schreb. var. Festorina), grown on a Monroe silt in a maritime climate near Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada. The LDM applications provided an average of 3.8 and 7.3\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  for the low and high rates, respectively. The whole-soil OC stock was significantly higher in the top 20\u00a0cm of soils amended with LDM than either soils with mineral fertilizer or unamended soils. There were no differences in OC below 20\u00a0cm, which may be linked to the absence of C transfer at depth, or to an insufficient C input to offset a possible LDM-induced priming effect on soil OC mineralization. Compared to the unamended soil, mineral fertilization led to higher OC stocks in only the top 5\u00a0cm of soil. The application of LDM favored the incorporation of C into organo-mineral complexes rather than into the free light fraction of soil organic matter. The size separation of the heavy (density\u00a0>\u00a01.8\u00a0g\u00a0mL \u22121 ) soil fraction revealed the presence of sand-size organo-mineral complexes that were responsive to treatments, and particularly to LDM application. This sand-size heavy fraction could be given greater scrutiny to detect more finely the effect of management changes on soil OC stocks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "\u00c9milie Maillard, \u00c9milie Maillard, L\u00e9on-\u00c9tienne Parent, Martin H. Chantigny, Denis A. Angers, Derek Hunt, Shabtai Bittman, Gabriel L\u00e9vesque, Philippe Rochette,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-30", "title": "Mitigating Gaseous Nitrogen Emissions Intensity From A Chinese Rice Cropping System Through An Improved Management Practice Aimed To Close The Yield Gap", "description": "Abstract   A major challenge in cereal production is achieving the dual goal of closing yield gaps without further undermining environmental benefits by increasing gaseous nitrogen (N) emissions. To address this challenge, we conducted a two-rotation field experiment with four different management practices in the Taihu Lake region to gain insight into crop yields, N use efficiency (NUE), and the emission fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), and ammonia (NH3) from the rice cropping system. The four practices were a control (CK, local practice with zero N-fertilizer), the current traditional practice (CT, local practice with farmers\u2019 N management), an improved practice (IP, which closed the yield gap with a reduced N dose of 25%), and a high-yield practice (HY, which maximized the attainable yield with more nutrient inputs). The HY attained the yield potential that was higher by 40% than current yield from the CT. The IP closed the yield gap, achieving 80% of the yield potential, and increased the NUE by 31% and reduced the N surplus by 57% compared with the CT. The lower N surplus of the IP resulted in a decrease in the N2O and NH3 emissions intensity (the N2O or NH3 emission per unit crop yield) of 40% and 65%, respectively relative to the CT. Low NO emissions concomitant with yield increases incurred the marginal NO emission intensity. Thus, the IP should be a promising strategy to increase yield while simultaneously mitigating the gaseous N emissions intensity. Linear or nonlinear responses of gaseous N emissions (N2O, NO and NH3) by N fertilizer to incremental N surplus suggested that reducing the N surplus by both increasing the crop uptake and optimizing N management should be effective in reducing projected gaseous N emissions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yuhua Tian, Min Zhang, Miao Zhao, Bin Yin, Zhengqin Xiong, Yuanlin Yao, Zhaoliang Zhu, Yuchun Ma,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-02-14", "title": "Surface Organic Carbon Enrichment To Explain Greater Co2 Emissions From Short-Term No-Tilled Soils", "description": "The impact of agricultural practices on CO2 emissions from soils needs to be understood and quantified to enhance ecosystem functions, especially the ability of soils to sequester atmospheric carbon (C), while enhancing food and biomass production. The objective of this study was to assess CO2 emissions in the soil surface following tillage abandonment and to investigate some of the underlying soil physical, chemical and biological controls. Maize (Zea mays) was planted under conventional tillage (T) and no-tillage (NT), both without crop residues under smallholder farming conditions in Potshini, South Africa. Intact top-soil (0\u20130.05 m) core samples (N = 54) from three 5 \u00d7 15 m2 plots per treatment were collected two years after conversion of T to NT to evaluate the short-term CO2 emissions. Depending on the treatment, cores were left intact, compacted by 5 and 10 or had surface crusts removed. They were incubated for 20 days with measurements of CO2 fluxes twice a day during the first three days and once a day thereafter. Soil organic C (SOC) content, soil bulk density (\u03c1b), aggregate stability, soil organic matter quality, and microbial biomass and its activity were evaluated at the onset of the incubation. CO2 emissions were 22% lower under NT compared with T with CO2 emissions of 0.9 \u00b1 0.10 vs 1.1 \u00b1 0.10 mg C\u2013CO2 gC\u22121 day\u22121 under NT and T, respectively, suggesting greater SOC protection under NT. However, there were greater total CO2 emissions per unit of surface by 9% under NT compared to T (1.15 \u00b1 0.03 vs 1.05 \u00b1 0.04 g C\u2013CO2 m\u22122 day\u22121). SOC protection significantly increased with the increase in soil bulk density (r = 0.89) and aggregate stability (from 1.7 \u00b1 0.25 mm to 2.3 \u00b1 0.31, r = 0.50), and to the decrease in microbial biomass and its activity (r = \u22120.59 and \u22120.57, respectively). In contrast, the greater NT CO2 emissions per m2 were explained by top-soil enrichment in SOC by 48% (from 12.4 \u00b1 0.2 to 19.1 \u00b1 0.4 g kg\u22121, r = 0.59). These results on the soil controls of tillage impact on CO2 emissions are expected to inform on the required shifts in agricultural practices for enhancing C sequestration in soils. In the context of the study, any mechanism favoring aggregate stability and promoting SOC allocation deep in the soil profile rather than in the top-soil would greatly diminish soil CO2 outputs and thus stimulate C sequestration.", "keywords": ["550", "non travail du sol", "ma\u00efs", "No-tillage", "no-tillage", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Soil Science", "maize", "7. Clean energy", "630", "Sciences de la Terre", "dioxyde de carbone", "non labour", "Climate change", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du sol", "2. Zero hunger", "changement climatique", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "No-tillage;Carbon dioxide;Climate change;Maize;Small holders;Africa", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "climate change", "Small holders", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "\u00e9mission d'azote", "Africa", "8. Economic growth", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "afrique du sud", "small holders", "azote du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-26", "title": "Responses Of Microbial Activity, Abundance, And Community In Wheat Soil After Three Years Of Heavy Fertilization With Manure-Based Compost And Inorganic Nitrogen", "description": "Abstract   A three-year field experiment in a winter wheat\u2013rice cropping system was performed to compare the influence on soil microbial parameters including microbial activity, abundance and community by heavy application of manure-based compost (CP) and inorganic nitrogen (CF, inorganic nitrogen applied as urea). The same amount of total nitrogen that was calculated from the local farming habits was applied in each season for the two treatments. Samples were analyzed after the third season of wheat harvested. In contrast to the untreated control (CK), CP and CF treatments both significantly increased the soil nutrient content (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Keming Zhuang, Xingji Xiao, Wei Tian, Wang Lei, Jibing Zhang, Li Yan, Yunguan Xi, Li Gang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.07.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-28", "title": "Benefits Of Winter Cover Crops And No-Tillage For Microbial Parameters In A Brazilian Oxisol: A Long-Term Study", "description": "Soil degradation in Brazil is a concern due to intensive agricultural production. Combining conservation practice, such as no-tillage, with winter cover crops may increase microbial activity and enhance soil quality more than either practice alone. This research evaluated the benefits of long-term (23 years) winter cover crops and reduced tillage on soil microbial quality indicators in an Oxisol from Parana State, Southern Brazil. The winter cover treatments were: fallow, black oat, wheat, radish, blue lupin, and hairy vetch in conventional (plow) or no-tillage management; the summer crop was a soybean/maize rotation. Soil quality parameters included organic C, microbial biomass C and N, total and labile polysaccharide, easily extractable and total glomalin-related soil protein, and enzyme activity. Winter crops increased soil microbial quality parameters compared to fallow in both tillage systems, with greater relative increase in conventional than no-tillage. No-tillage had higher microbial biomass, polysaccharide, glomalin-related soil protein, and soil enzyme activity than conventional tillage. Including legumes in the crop rotation was important for N balance in the soil\u2013plant system, increasing soil organic C content, and enhancing soil quality parameters to a greater extent than grasses or radish. The microbial parameters proved to be more sensitive indicators of soil change than soil organic C. Cultivating winter cover crop with either tillage is a beneficial practice enhancing soil microbial quality and also soil organic C stocks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "Biodiversity and ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Elcio L. Balota, Ademir Calegari, Andre S. Nakatani, Mark S. 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