{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-10-10", "title": "Organic Residue Mass At Planting Is An Excellent Predictor Of Tree Growth In Eucalyptus Plantations Established On A Sandy Tropical Soil", "description": "Abstract   Tropical plantation forests are meeting an increasing proportion of global wood demand and comprehensive studies assessing the impact of silvicultural practices on tree and soil functioning are required to achieve sustainable yields. The objectives of our study were: (1) to quantify the effects of contrasting organic residue (OR) retention methods on tree growth and soil nutrient pools over a full  Eucalyptus  rotation and (2) to assess the potential of soil analyses to predict yields of fast-growing plantations established on tropical sandy soils. An experiment was set up in the Congo at the harvesting of the first rotation after afforestation of a native herbaceous savanna. Six treatments were set up in 0.26\u00a0ha plots and replicated in 4 blocks, with OR mass at planting ranging from 0 to 46.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 . Tree growth over the whole rotation was highly dependent on OR management at planting. Over-bark trunk volume 7 years after planting ranged from 96\u00a0m 3 \u00a0ha \u22121  in the treatment with forest floor and harvest residue removal at planting to 164\u00a0m 3 \u00a0ha \u22121  in the treatment with the largest amount of OR. A comparison of nutrient stocks within the ecosystem at planting and at the end of the rotation suggested that nutrient contents in OR were largely involved in the different response observed between treatments. OR management treatments did not significantly modify most of the nutrient concentrations in the upper layers of the mineral soil. Conventional soil analyses performed before planting and at ages 1 and 3 years were unable to detect differences between treatments despite large differences in tree growth. In contrast, linear regressions between stand aboveground biomass at harvesting and OR mass at planting (independent variable) showed that OR mass was an excellent predictor of stand yield ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.99). A large share of soil fertility comes from organic material above the mineral soil in highly weathered sandy soils and OR mass at planting might be used in conjunction with soil analyses to assess the potential of these soils to support forest plantations.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "rendement des cultures", "Slash", "F62 - Physiologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale - Croissance et d\u00e9veloppement", "for\u00eat tropicale", "01 natural sciences", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24904", "sol tropical", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "substance nutritive", "r\u00e9sidu de r\u00e9colte", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1811", "15. Life on land", "croissance", "Carbon", "sol sableux", "K10 - Production foresti\u00e8re", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "Residue", "Fertility", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3394", "Indicator", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978", "mati\u00e8re organique", "Organic matter", "plantations", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5274", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6781", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5990", "Nutrient", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2683"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}, {"id": "Nature et environnement"}, {"id": "Agriculture"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "biologie"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "mod\u00e9lisation"}, {"id": "surveillance de l'environnement"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "qualit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement"}, {"id": "type de sol"}, {"id": "conservation du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "station de surveillance"}, {"id": "cartographie"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "analyse des sols"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "cartogramme"}, {"id": "profil du sol"}, {"id": "utilisation du sol"}, {"id": "r\u00e9seau de mesure"}, {"id": "culture"}, {"id": "stockage"}, {"id": "ressources du sol"}, {"id": "sous-sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "WalOnMapNO"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}], "updated": "2024-12-11T12:48:19.626322Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-10-30", "language": "fre", "title": "INSPIRE - CARBIOSOL - Predicted total organic carbon levels - period 2004-2014 in Wallonia (BE)", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es INSPIRE reprend les teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols agricoles du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nCette donn\u00e9e conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donn\u00e9e source CARBIOSOL - Teneurs pr\u00e9dites en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nLa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un sol peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de divers param\u00e8tres physiques, chimiques ou biologiques. Parmi ces param\u00e8tres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'indicateur principal de la qualit\u00e9 des sols, \u00e0 la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.\n\nLa pr\u00e9sente couche de donn\u00e9es constitue la cartographie des teneurs en carbone organique total (COT) pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en R\u00e9gion wallonne pour une p\u00e9riode comprise entre 2004 et 2014. La couche a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l'UCL dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nEn chaque pixel, la teneur en carbone organique total (COT) est exprim\u00e9e en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine s\u00e8che (gC/kg). Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des teneurs en COT \u00e0 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.\n\nLes teneurs moyennes en COT observ\u00e9es pour les sols (horizons de surface) sous cultures et prairies permanentes sur la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014 \u00e9taient de 1.30 gC/kg et 3.61 gC/kg respectivement, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la base de donn\u00e9es REQUASUD.\n\nSur cette m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, 22 % des superficies sous cultures pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs en COT < 1.15 gC kg-1 et 73 % pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs < 1.5 gC/kg. En de\u00e7\u00e0 de 1.15 gC/kg, le sol est d\u00e9structur\u00e9.\n\nEntre 2004 et 2014, les teneurs en COT des sols pour les deux occupations de sols tendent \u00e0 augmenter du nord-ouest au sud-est, de la r\u00e9gion sablo-limoneuse \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion ardennaise, et \u00e0 rebaisser en r\u00e9gion Jurassique.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "Agriculture", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "biologie", "biologie du sol", "organisme du sol", "carbone organique", "mod\u00e9lisation", "surveillance de l'environnement", "prairie", "qualit\u00e9 du sol", "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement", "type de sol", "conservation du sol", "carbone organique total", "sol", "station de surveillance", "cartographie", "mati\u00e8re organique", "carbone", "for\u00eat", "analyse des sols", "cycle du carbone", "cartogramme", "profil du sol", "utilisation du sol", "r\u00e9seau de mesure", "culture", "stockage", "ressources du sol", "sous-sol", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Reporting INSPIRE", "WalOnMapNO", "Extraction_DIG", "BDInfraSIG", "COT", "COS", "CARBIOSOL", "CARBOSOL", "RSS", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "CNSW", "COSW", "REQUASUD", "RMSE", "GAM", "Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9", "MAG", "Monte-Carlo", "covariable", "CO2", "Digital Soil Mapping", "DTM", "Erreur", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation", "Observation de la terre et environnement"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "requasud@cra.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL);Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "SO.SoilThemeCoverage.COT__TENEURS_2004_2014", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap#PANIER=%5B%7B%22serviceId%22%3A%221%22%2C%22visible%22%3Atrue%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeoservices.wallonie.be%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FSOL_SOUS_SOL%2FCARBIOSOL%2FMapServer%2F3%22%2C%22label%22%3A%22CARBIOSOL%20-%20Teneurs%20pr%C3%A9dites%20en%20Carbone%20organique%20total%20-%20p%C3%A9riode%202015-2019%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22AGS_DYNAMIC%22%2C%22metadataUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeodata.wallonie.be%2Fdoc%2F04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce%22%7D%5D", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "browsing"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/geoserver/inspire_so/ows?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce/attachments/SO.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce", "name": "item", "description": "04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/04481ab6-e5ee-4742-a330-88649c17b2ce"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "0b644920-ff5e-4aac-a124-8b478bda606c", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Nature et environnement"}, {"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "WalOnMap"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}], "rights": "Conditions d'acc\u00e8s et d'utilisation sp\u00e9cifiques", "updated": "2023-06-20T12:48:33.221Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-12-30", "language": "fre", "title": "CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of Total Organic Carbon Contents - period 2004-2014", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les incertitudes des teneurs en COT dans les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon entre la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nCette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les incertitudes (ici coefficient de variation - CV) de mod\u00e9lisation pour les teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nDans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCL - ULg - DGARNE), une couche de donn\u00e9es raster de 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution des teneurs en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies a \u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par mod\u00e9lisation spatiale. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour chaque type d'occupation du sol d'int\u00e9r\u00eat (cultures et prairies permanentes). \n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014 est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies et d'une r\u00e9solution de 90 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif de carbone.\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des teneurs en Carbone organique total pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014 doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Nature et environnement", "Sol et sous-sol", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "structure du sol", "cycle du carbone", "for\u00eat", "organisme du sol", "mati\u00e8re organique", "sol", "chimie des sols", "biologie du sol", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "prairie", "carbone organique", "carbone organique total", "carbone", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Extraction_DIG", "WalOnMap", "BDInfraSIG", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "CV COT % - 2004-2014", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap/#ADU=https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer%7c%7c%5b4%5d", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/4", "name": "Service de visualisation ESRI-REST", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation ESRI-REST de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des Teneurs en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "Service de visualisation WMS", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation WMS de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des Teneurs en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/INSPIRE/WMS/SO/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/0b644920-ff5e-4aac-a124-8b478bda606c/attachments/CARBIOSOL__CV_COT_TENEURS_2004_2014.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0b644920-ff5e-4aac-a124-8b478bda606c", "name": "item", "description": "0b644920-ff5e-4aac-a124-8b478bda606c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0b644920-ff5e-4aac-a124-8b478bda606c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:55:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-19", "title": "Effects Of Landscape Segregation On Livelihood Vulnerability: Moving From Extensive Shifting Cultivation To Rotational Agriculture And Natural Forests In Northern Laos", "description": "This study investigates four decades of socio-economic and environmental change in a shifting cultivation landscape in the northern uplands of Laos. Historical changes in land cover and land use were analyzed using a chronological series of remote sensing data. Impacts of landscape change on local livelihoods were investigated in seven villages through interviews with various stakeholders. The study reveals that the complex mosaics of agriculture and forest patches observed in the study area have long constituted key assets for the resilience of local livelihood systems in the face of environmental and socio-economic risks. However, over the past 20 years, a process of segregating agricultural and forest spaces has increased the vulnerability of local land users. This process is a direct outcome of policies aimed at increasing national forest cover, eradicating shifting cultivation and fostering the emergence of more intensive and commercial agricultural practices. We argue that agriculture-forest segregation should be buffered in such a way that a diversity of livelihood opportunities and economic development pathways can be maintained.", "keywords": ["http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_195", "550", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "2739 Public Health", "910", "630", "couverture v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "conservation des for\u00eats", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "11. Sustainability", "910 Geography & travel", "intensification", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6498", "2. Zero hunger", "landscape mosaics", "resettlement", "sustainability", "Livelihood vulnerability", "Southeast Asia", "rotation culturale", "330 Economics", "E11 - \u00c9conomie et politique fonci\u00e8res", "moyens d'existence durables", "2307 Health", "Laos", "protection de la for\u00eat", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182", "P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources fonci\u00e8res", "ecology", "3306 Health (social science)", "Multifunctional landscapes", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420", "culture itin\u00e9rante", "gestion des ressources naturelles", "utilisation des terres", "politique fonci\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076", "Ecosystem services", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28075", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374158672853", "Toxicology and Mutagenesis", "Environmental and Occupational Health", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7038", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000157", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000115", "Land sparing", "Shifting cultivation", "impact sur l'environnement", "ecosystem services", "2303 Ecology", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://boris.unibe.ch/17755/1/Castella2013_Article_EffectsOfLandscapeSegregationO.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Human%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10745-012-9538-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-29", "title": "Impacts of forests and forestation on hydrological services in the Andes: A systematic review", "description": "Abstract   Several Andean countries have planned to restore forest cover in degraded land to enhance the provision of multiple ecosystem services in response to international commitments such as the Bonn Challenge. Hydrological services, e.g. water supply, hydrological regulation and erosion mitigation, are particularly important to sustain the life of more than fifty million Andean people. While rapid and important forest cover changes have occurred during recent decades, critical information on the impact of forestation on hydrological services has not yet been synthesized in the context of Andean ecosystems. We define forestation as the establishment of forest by plantation or natural regeneration on areas that either had forest in the past or not. To help improve decision-making on forestation in the Andes, we reviewed the available literature concerning the impacts of forestation on water supply, hydrological regulation and mitigation of erosion and landslides. We also examined available data on the most relevant hydrological processes such as infiltration, evapotranspiration and runoff in forest stands. Hydrological services from native forests were also included as a reference state for comparing processes and services provided by forestation. Following systematic review protocols, we synthesized 155 studies using different methods, including meta-analyses and meta-regressions. Results show that forestation has had clear impacts on degraded soils, through reducing water erosion of soils and risk of moderate floods, increasing soil infiltration rate by 8 and topsoil organic matter (SOM). We found that 20\u202fyears of tree plantation was sufficient to recover infiltration rate and sediment yield close to the levels of native forests whereas SOM, soil water storage and surface runoff of native forests could not be recovered by forestation in the time scales examined. The benefits in terms of hydrological regulation are at the expense of a reduction in total water supply since forest cover was associated with higher water use in most Andean regions. Forestation with native species was underrepresented in the reviewed studies. The impact of forestation on landslides has also been largely overlooked in the Andes. At high elevations, exotic tree plantations on Andean grasslands (e.g. paramo and puna) had the most detrimental consequences since these grasslands showed an excellent capacity for hydrological regulation and erosion mitigation but also a water yield up to 40% higher than tree plantations. People engaged in forest restoration initiative should be aware that hydrological services may take some time for society and the environment to show clear benefits after forestation.", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "Pine plantations", "forest rehabilitation", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 physicochimique du sol", "550", "F40 - \u00c9cologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "Monitoring", "Ecosystem service", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "ecological restoration", "05 Environmental Sciences", "systematic reviews", "0207 environmental engineering", "forest cover", "hydrology", "02 engineering and technology", "hydrologie", "01 natural sciences", "630", "cycle hydrologique", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "11. Sustainability", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13802", "reconstitution foresti\u00e8re", "P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion", "Land-use", "Nature and Landscape Conservation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "forests", "P36 - \u00c9rosion", " conservation et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des sols", "2. Zero hunger", "Policy and Law", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182", "Forestry", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_401", "06 Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Management", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11670", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "degraded land", "07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3731"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-18", "title": "Landholders' perceptions on legal reserves and agricultural intensification: Diversity and implications for forest conservation in the eastern Brazilian Amazon", "description": "Open AccessLa protecci\u00f3n de los bosques en tierras de propiedad privada es una piedra angular del marco de la pol\u00edtica ambiental brasile\u00f1a. La legislaci\u00f3n brasile\u00f1a exige que todas las fincas del pa\u00eds mantengan y protejan las \u00e1reas forestales conocidas como Reservas Legales. Dado que las Reservas Legales tienen importantes implicaciones para la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques y la producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, es clave que entendamos las percepciones de los propietarios de tierras hacia las Reservas Legales. Aplicamos la metodolog\u00eda Q para identificar diferentes perspectivas de los propietarios medianos y grandes sobre las Reservas Legales y su relaci\u00f3n con la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en el municipio de Paragominas, en la Amazon\u00eda oriental. Realizamos 31 entrevistas en las que los propietarios ordenaron 36 declaraciones en una matriz de distribuci\u00f3n casi normal. Se identificaron tres grupos de propietarios de tierras: 1) los entusiastas de la planificaci\u00f3n del uso de la tierra (n = 16) estaban interesados en iniciativas de zonificaci\u00f3n para explorar dise\u00f1os de paisajes alternativos y legislaci\u00f3n que puedan ofrecer mejores resultados de conservaci\u00f3n y producci\u00f3n; 2) los partidarios de la agricultura basada en agroqu\u00edmicos (n = 7) ten\u00edan los puntos de vista m\u00e1s cr\u00edticos contra las Reservas Legales y percib\u00edan sus costos como m\u00e1s altos que los posibles beneficios ambientales y de calidad de vida; 3) los respondedores del mercado complacientes con las pol\u00edticas (n = 4) no mostraron inter\u00e9s en las reformas de las Reservas Legales y fueron el grupo m\u00e1s impulsado por el mercado. Si bien Paragominas ha logrado \u00e9xitos notables en detener la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran escala a trav\u00e9s de un pacto social de 'Municipio Verde', abordar la persistente degradaci\u00f3n y fragmentaci\u00f3n de los bosques en la regi\u00f3n sigue siendo una prioridad clave. Las iniciativas de gobernanza local que tienen en cuenta las percepciones de m\u00faltiples partes interesadas sobre la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques pueden fomentar el di\u00e1logo y el entendimiento mutuo para conservar y restaurar eficazmente las Reservas Legales. Los conocimientos sobre las percepciones de los grandes terratenientes sobre las Reservas Legales pueden informar dichos procesos de gobernanza para conciliar la protecci\u00f3n forestal y la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola sostenible en Paragominas.", "keywords": ["Amazonas (Brasil)", "Economics", "FOS: Political science", "SAO-FELIX", "Social Sciences", "NEEDS", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Reservas Forestales", "Natural resource economics", "conservation des for\u00eats", "FRONTIER", "Stakeholder", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Environmental resource management", "intensification", "Political science", "Legal Reserve", "Environmental planning", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Forest Reserves", "Corporate governance", "Geography", "Ecology", "[SDV.SA.AEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture", " economy and politics", "Forest protection", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Amazonas (Brazil)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "LAND CONFLICT", "STATE", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Management", "Programming language", "Economics", " Econometrics and Finance", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "d\u00e9boisement", "Biodiversity Conservation", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Forest Protection", "Forest conservation", "Economics and Econometrics", "propri\u00e9taire foncier", "Conservaci\u00f3n de la Diversidad Biol\u00f3gica", "Amazon rainforest", "Legislation", "Discrete Choice Models in Economics and Health Care", "Soil Science", "FOS: Law", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farmer perceptions", "SYSTEMS", "politique de l'environnement", "Agroforestry", "Biology", "Legal Pluralism", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Protecci\u00f3n Forestal", "Agricultural intensification", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Q methodology", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "r\u00e9serve foresti\u00e8re", "r\u00e9serve naturelle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats", "BIODIVERSITY", "DEFORESTATION", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "Law", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.06.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-06", "title": "Impact Of Alley Cropping Agroforestry On Stocks, Forms And Spatial Distribution Of Soil Organic Carbon \u2014 A Case Study In A Mediterranean Context", "description": "Abstract   Agroforestry systems, i.e., agroecosystems combining trees with farming practices, are of particular interest as they combine the potential to increase biomass and soil carbon (C) storage while maintaining an agricultural production. However, most present knowledge on the impact of agroforestry systems on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage comes from tropical systems. This study was conducted in southern France, in an 18-year-old agroforestry plot, where hybrid walnuts ( Juglans regia  \u00d7  nigra  L.) are intercropped with durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum  L. subsp.  durum ), and in an adjacent agricultural control plot, where durum wheat is the sole crop. We quantified SOC stocks to 2.0\u00a0m depth and their spatial variability in relation to the distance to the trees and to the tree rows. The distribution of additional SOC storage in different soil particle-size fractions was also characterized. SOC accumulation rates between the agroforestry and the agricultural plots were 248\u00a0\u00b1\u00a031\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 \u00a0yr \u2212\u00a01  for an equivalent soil mass (ESM) of 4000\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01  (to 26\u201329\u00a0cm depth) and 350\u00a0\u00b1\u00a041\u00a0kg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 \u00a0yr \u2212\u00a01  for an ESM of 15,700\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01  (to 93\u201398\u00a0cm depth). SOC stocks were higher in the tree rows where herbaceous vegetation grew and where the soil was not tilled, but no effect of the distance to the trees (0 to 10\u00a0m) on SOC stocks was observed. Most of the additional SOC storage was found in coarse organic fractions (50\u2013200 and 200\u20132000\u00a0\u03bcm), which may be rather labile fractions. All together our study demonstrated the potential of alley cropping agroforestry systems under Mediterranean conditions to store SOC, and questioned the stability of this storage.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28568", "Juglans regia", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "culture associ\u00e9e", "Triticum turgidum", "630", "spectroscopie infrarouge", "zone m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35927", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "soil organic carbon storage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29563", "soil organic carbon saturation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "deep soil organic carbon stocks", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "P31 - Lev\u00e9s et cartographie des sols", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4060", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol", "P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "Visible and near infrared spectroscopy", "571", "structure du sol", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Juglans nigra", "particle-size fractionation", "Particle-size fractionation", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil organic carbon saturation", "visible and near infrared spectroscopy", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33452", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4059", "Deep soil organic carbon stocks", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "cartographie des fonctions de la for\u00eat", "K10 - Production foresti\u00e8re", "soil mapping", "Soil mapping", "culture en couloirs", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7958", "Soil organic carbon storage", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374847637217", "U30 - M\u00e9thodes de recherche"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.06.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.06.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.06.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.06.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest:2005073", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-08", "title": "Conversion Of A Natural Broad-Leafed Evergreen Forest Into Pure Plantation Forests In A Subtropical Area: Effects On Carbon Storage", "description": "Open AccessConversion d'une for\u00eat naturelle feuillue en plantations foresti\u00e8res pures en zone subtropicale\u00a0: effets sur le stockage de carbone. Dans les derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cades, dans beaucoup de zones de la Chine du Sud, des for\u00eats feuillues naturelles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9es en plantations plus productives en bois. Cet article pr\u00e9sente une \u00e9tude de cas examinant comment cette conversion foresti\u00e8re affecte le stockage de carbone dans l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. L'\u00e9tude compare des plantations \u00e2g\u00e9es de 33 ans de deux conif\u00e8res, Cunninghamia lanceolata (CF) et Fokienia hodginsii (FH) et deux feuillus, Ormosia xylocarpa (OX) et Castanopsis kawakamii (CK) avec une for\u00eat naturelle relictuelle adjacente de Castanopsis kawakamii (NF), \u00e2g\u00e9e d'environ 150 ans, \u00e0 Sanming, Fujian en Chine. Une estimation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des pools totaux de carbone permet de les classer depuis un maximum 399.1 Mg ha-1 pour NF jusqu'\u00e0 un minimum de 210.6 Mg ha-1 pour FH. Le pool de carbone des arbres \u00e9tait maximum pour NF o\u00f9 il contribue pour 64 % dans le pool total de carbone de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me, alors que OX pr\u00e9sente la contribution des arbres la plus faible, seulement 49 % Des diff\u00e9rences ont aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9es pour les pools de carbone du sous-bois, de la couverture du sol et des bois morts sur pied, mais ensemble ces pools repr\u00e9sentent au maximum 5 % du stock total de carbone de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. Le stockage de C dans les 100 cm de sol variait de 123.9 Mg-1 pour NF \u00e0 102.3 Mg ha-1 pour FH. Les diff\u00e9rences significatives (P < 0,01) dans les concentrations en SOC (carbone organique du sol) et en stockage, entre for\u00eat naturelle et plantations, \u00e9taient limit\u00e9es \u00e0 la surface du sol (0-10 cm et 10-20\u00a0cm), tandis qu'il n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9 de diff\u00e9rences significatives parmi les plantations quelle que soit la profondeur de sol (P > 0,05). La chute annuelle de liti\u00e8re au-dessus du sol variait de 4.51 Mg ha-1 pour CK 0 2.15 mg ha-1 pour CF. La liti\u00e8re annuelle souterraine (mortalit\u00e9 racinaire) variait de 4.35 Mg ha-1 pour NF 0 1.25 mg ha-1 pour CF. Lorsque\u00a0NF a \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9 en plantations, le pool de carbone de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation (arbres + sous-bois) a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duit de 27 % \u00e0 59 % et le pool de carbone de d\u00e9tritus (couverture du sol, arbres morts sur pied, et sols) a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duit de 20 \u00e0 25\u00a0% respectivement. Ces diff\u00e9rentes entre NF et les plantations peuvent \u00eatre attribu\u00e9es \u00e0 une combinaison de facteurs comprenant davantage de communaut\u00e9s d'esp\u00e8ces, davantage de types de stockage, une quantit\u00e9 plus grande et une meilleure qualit\u00e9 des liti\u00e8res a\u00e9riennes et souterraines pour NF que pour les plantations et aux perturbations des terrains au moment de la mise en place des plantations.", "keywords": ["for\u00eat naturelle", "monoculture en plantation", "carbon input", "carbon storage", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "15. Life on land", "natural forest", "apport de carbone", "monoculture plantation<br>---<br>stockage de carbone"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Chen, Guang-Shui, Yang, Yu-Sheng, Xie, Jin-Sheng, Guo, Jian-Fen, Gao, Ren, Qian, Wei,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2005073"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/forest:2005073", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/forest:2005073", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/forest:2005073"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest:2004062", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:58:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-08", "title": "Fine Root Distribution, Seasonal Pattern And Production In Four Plantations Compared With A Natural Forest In Subtropical China", "description": "Open AccessR\u00e9partition et production de radicelles et \u00e9volutions saisonni\u00e8res dans quatre plantations en comparaison avec une for\u00eat naturelle, en Chine tropicale. La r\u00e9partition, l'\u00e9volution selon les saisons et la production nette de radicelles (< 2 mm en diam\u00e8tre) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es de 1999 \u00e0 2001 dans deux plantations \u00e2g\u00e9es de 33 ans de deux conif\u00e8res, le sapin de Chine (Cunninghamia lancolata, CF) et Fokienia hodginsii (FH) ainsi que dans deux plantations de feuillus, Ormosia xylocarpa (OX) et Castanopsis kawakamii (CK). Celles-ci ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9es \u00e0 une for\u00eat naturelle voisine de Castanopsis kawakamii (NF, 150 ans) \u00e0 Samming, Fujian, Chine. La biomasse et la n\u00e9cromasse de radicelles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 obtenues par carottage dans le sol effectu\u00e9 deux fois par mois. Les carottes de sol ont \u00e9t\u00e9 divis\u00e9es en 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments selon la profondeur\u00a0: 0 ~ 10, 10 ~ 20, 20 ~ 30, 30 ~ 40, 40 ~ 50, 50 ~ 60, 60 ~ 70, 70 ~ 80, 80 ~ 90, et 90 ~ 100 cm. On a utilis\u00e9 des sacs \u00e0 liti\u00e8re (18 \u00d7 18 cm2, maille de 0,25 mm) pour d\u00e9terminer le taux de d\u00e9composition des radicelles (< 0,5 mm, 0,5-1 mm, 1-2 mm). Les taux de production moyenne annuelle, de mortalit\u00e9, de d\u00e9composition et de turnover des radicelles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 calcul\u00e9s par la m\u00e9thode de '\u00a0compartment flow\u00a0'. La biomasse moyenne de radicelles va de 1,49 Mg/ha dans le CF \u00e0 4,94 Mg/ha pour le NF\u00a0; elle d\u00e9cro\u00eet dans l'ordre suivant\u00a0: NF > CK > FH > OX > CF. On a enregistr\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rences significatives de biomasse et n\u00e9cromasse, selon les saisons dans tous les peuplements (P < 0,05), tandis qu'aucune fluctuation n'a pu \u00eatre mise en \u00e9vidence entre ann\u00e9es (P > 0,05). Pour tous les peuplements, on enregistre un pic de biomasse de radicelles au d\u00e9but du printemps (mars), les valeurs minimum intervenant au cours d'\u00e9t\u00e9s secs ou d'hivers froids. Pour le NF, 59,8 % de la biomasse de radicelles se situe dans la zone superficielle du sol (0-10 cm) o\u00f9 les diff\u00e9rences de biomasse de radicelles entre peuplements sont les plus marqu\u00e9es, les valeurs pour NF \u00e9tant respectivement 2,37 fois, 3,55 fois, 8,12 fois et 17,12 fois plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es que celles de CK, FH, CF, et OX. Les pourcentages de la biomasse d'origine, perdue pendant la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e de d\u00e9composition, vont de 43 % \u00e0 56 % pour FH, de 68 \u00e0 80 % pour NF. Les moyennes annuelles de d\u00e9composition, mortalit\u00e9 et production des racines s'\u00e9tagent entre 8,47 Mg ha-1 a-1, 8,63\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha-1\u00a0a-1 et 9,5 Mg ha-1 a-1 dans le NF \u00e0 2,50, 2,49 et 2,51 Mg ha-1 a-1 pour le CF, avec par ordre d\u00e9croissant, NF > CK > FH > OX > CF. Le taux de turnover de racines va de 1,48 a-1 pour FH \u00e0 1,78 a-1 pour NF.", "keywords": ["monoculture plantation<br>---<br>radicelle", "0106 biological sciences", "root distribution", "seasonal pattern", "root mortality", "fine root", "01 natural sciences", "root turnover", "for\u00eat naturelle", "turnover racinaire", "mortalit\u00e9 racinaire", "plantation en monoculture", "distribution", "r\u00e9partition des racines", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "production racinaire", "15. Life on land", "root", "natural forest", "monoculture plantation", "variation saisonni\u00e8re", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "root production"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yang, YS\uff08Dept. of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University\uff09, Chen, GS\uff08Dept. of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University\uff09, Lin, P, Xie, JS\uff08Dept. of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University\uff09, Guo, JF\uff08Dept. of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University\uff09,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2004062"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annals%20of%20Forest%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/forest:2004062", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/forest:2004062", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/forest:2004062"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-01", "title": "Challenging Established Narratives On Soil Erosion And Shifting Cultivation In Laos", "description": "Abstract<p>The official environmental discourse in Laos describes a \uffe2\uff80\uff9cchain of degradation\uffe2\uff80\uff9d stretching from upland shifting cultivation, increased runoff and soil erosion to the siltation of wetlands and reservoirs. This perspective has had wide\uffe2\uff80\uff90ranging impacts on rural development policy which, in the uplands, has long favoured forest conservation over agriculture. Integrating soil erosion and water sediment data with local perceptions of land degradation in an upland village of northern Laos, this study tests the validity of the official environmental discourse. Biophysical measurements made in a small agricultural catchment indicate a significant correlation between the spatial extent of cultivation and soil erosion rates. However, sediment yields recorded at the outlet of the catchment highlight relatively low levels of off\uffe2\uff80\uff90site sediment exportation. Furthermore, farmers' perceptions suggest that local land degradation issues and crop yield declines could be less related to soil erosion than to agricultural land shortage, increased weed competition, and fertility losses resulting from the intensification of shifting cultivation. The study concludes that a better understanding and management of land degradation issues can be achieved by developing more inclusive and scientifically\uffe2\uff80\uff90informed approaches to environmental perceptions and narratives.</p>", "keywords": ["http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "SOL CULTIVE", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "culture itin\u00e9rante", "\u00e9rosion", "SEDIMENT", "POLITIQUE AGRICOLE", "SYSTEME DE REPRESENTATIONS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076", "conservation des for\u00eats", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374158672853", "DEGRADATION DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2651", "intensification", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34823", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7168", "2. Zero hunger", "P36 - \u00c9rosion", " conservation et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration des sols", "AGRICULTEUR", "15. Life on land", "VILLAGE", "ruissellement", "6. Clean water", "JACHERE", "BASSIN VERSANT", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7038", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "13. Climate action", "conservation des sols", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33485", "d\u00e9gradation des terres", "EROSION HYDRIQUE", "impact sur l'environnement", "ROTATION DES CULTURES", "ZONE DE MONTAGNE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Natural%20Resources%20Forum", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2011.01438.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1194120", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 185549", "keywords": ["for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante IFN1/IFN2/IFN3/IFN4", "essence principale", "coul\u00e9e de boue SilvaProtect", "IFN3\u2013IFN4b", "r\u00e9seau IFN4 2009\u20132013 / IFN5 2018\u20132022", "accroissement", "r\u00e9gion de production"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold-Bonardi, A., Huber M., Keller, M., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B., Vidondo, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1194120"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1194120", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1194120", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1194120"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1172391", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 142988", "keywords": ["r\u00e9gions biog\u00e9ographiques", "r\u00e9seau IFN4 2009\u20132013 / IFN5 2018\u20132022", "for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante IFN3/IFN4", "distance horizontale placette-route (4 classes)", "surface foresti\u00e8re", "IFN3"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold-Bonardi, A., Huber M., Keller, M., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B., Vidondo, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1172391"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1172391", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1172391", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1172391"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1176169", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 136777", "keywords": ["for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante", "r\u00e9seau terrestre IFN3", "r\u00e9gions biog\u00e9ographiques", "part d'exploitations forc\u00e9es", "surface foresti\u00e8re", "IFN3"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold-Bonardi, A., Huber M., Keller, M., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B., Vidondo, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1176169"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1176169", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1176169", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1176169"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1179508", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 129899", "keywords": ["for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante", "r\u00e9gion \u00e9conomique", "r\u00e9seau terrestre IFN2", "nombre de tiges", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9", "IFN2"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold-Bonardi, A., Huber M., Keller, M., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B., Vidondo, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1179508"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1179508", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1179508", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1179508"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1480057", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 889569", "keywords": ["type de for\u00eat", "for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante IFN1/IFN2/IFN3/IFN4", "r\u00e9seau 1", "4 x 1", "4 km", "r\u00e9gion \u00e9conomique", "accroissement net", "IFN3\u2013IFN4"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold, A., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1480057"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1480057", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1480057", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1480057"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1490039", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 837195", "keywords": ["for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante", "diam\u00e8tre \u00e0 hauteur de poitrine (classes de 10 cm)", "r\u00e9seau terrestre IFN2", "nombre de tiges", "IFN2", "r\u00e9gion de production"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold, A., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1490039"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1490039", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1490039", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1490039"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21258/1532577", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:00:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Inventaire forestier national suisse - Tableau no 838112", "keywords": ["for\u00eat accessible sans la for\u00eat buissonnante", "r\u00e9seau terrestre IFN3", "essence (56 classes)", "r\u00e9gion de for\u00eat protectrice", "surface terri\u00e8re", "IFN3"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abegg, M., Br\u00e4ndli, U.-B., Cioldi, F., Fischer, C., Herold, A., Meile, R., R\u00f6sler, E., Speich, S., Traub, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21258/1532577"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21258/1532577", "name": "item", "description": "10.21258/1532577", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21258/1532577"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.11850/706699", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T07:05:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-11-11", "title": "Simulating                     Ips typographus                     L. outbreak dynamics and their influence on carbon balance estimates with ORCHIDEE r8627", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Abstract. New (a)biotic conditions resulting from climate change are expected to change disturbance dynamics, such as windthrow, forest fires, droughts, and insect outbreaks, and their interactions. These unprecedented natural disturbance dynamics might alter the capability of forest ecosystems to buffer atmospheric CO2 increases, potentially leading forests to transform from sinks into sources of CO2. This study aims to enhance the ORCHIDEE land surface model to study the impacts of climate change on the dynamics of the bark beetle, Ips typographus, and subsequent effects on forest functioning. The Ips typographus outbreak model is inspired by previous work from Temperli et al.\u00a0(2013) for the LandClim landscape model. The new implementation of this model in ORCHIDEE r8627 accounts for key differences between ORCHIDEE and LandClim: (1)\u00a0the coarser spatial resolution of ORCHIDEE; (2)\u00a0the higher temporal resolution of ORCHIDEE; and (3)\u00a0the pre-existing process representation of windthrow, drought, and forest structure in ORCHIDEE. Simulation experiments demonstrated the capability of ORCHIDEE to simulate a variety of post-disturbance forest dynamics observed in empirical studies. Through an array of simulation experiments across various climatic conditions and windthrow intensities, the model was tested for its sensitivity to climate, initial disturbance, and selected parameter values. The results of these tests indicated that with a single set of parameters, ORCHIDEE outputs spanned the range of observed dynamics. Additional tests highlighted the substantial impact of incorporating Ips typographus outbreaks on carbon dynamics. Notably, the study revealed that modeling abrupt mortality events as opposed to a continuous mortality framework provides new insights into the short-term carbon sequestration potential of forests under disturbance regimes by showing that the continuous mortality framework tends to overestimate the carbon sink capacity of forests in the 20- to 50-year range in ecosystems under high disturbance pressure compared to scenarios with abrupt mortality events. This model enhancement underscores the critical need to include disturbance dynamics in land surface models to refine predictions of forest carbon dynamics in a changing climate.</p></article>", "keywords": ["cycle du carbone", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24242", "P40 - M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie et climatologie", "mod\u00e8le de simulation", "Ips typographus", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16411", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2391", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666", "K70 - D\u00e9g\u00e2ts caus\u00e9s aux for\u00eats et leur protection", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6111", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4549f84e", "perturbation de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me", "surveillance \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique", "mod\u00e9lisation", "s\u00e9cheresse", "changement climatique", "QE1-996.5", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_230ab86c", "U10 - Informatique", " math\u00e9matiques et statistiques", "Geology", "H10 - Ravageurs des plantes", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583", "s\u00e9questration du carbone", "dynamique des populations", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30153", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.11850/706699"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.11850/706699", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.11850/706699", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.11850/706699"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.4000/moussons.1887", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:02:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-18", "description": "Shifting cultivation is often described as \u201ctraditional\u201d, inflexible and outdated, in contrast with \u201cmodern\u201d, mechanised and chemical agriculture. This belief leads to overlooking farmer know-how, accumulated over generations to exploit natural resources while adapting itself to the mutations of the physical, social and economic environment.Research conducted in Phongsaly provides an idea about how complex and consistent a shifting cultivation system can be and how farmers optimise family labour but also limit their risks. External interventions\u2014policies, projects, etc.\u2014are aimed at improving the farmers\u2019 livelihood by converting their farming practices. When these interventions overlook how diversified slash-and-burn agriculture is, they often lead to oversimplifying the farming systems, impoverishing people and exposing them to natural and economic risks. These actions are then counterproductive. In the interest of the Lao nation, as a community, the policies and their implementation should be rethought so as to hold highland farmers of ethnic minorities in higher esteem and to widen the viewpoint, currently limited to a caricature of the mountains and forest, upheld by the culturally and politically dominant lowland inhabitants.", "keywords": ["Social Sciences", "culture de rente", "DS1-937", "01 natural sciences", "savoir-faire des agriculteurs", "utilisation des terres", "forest", "H", "deforestation", "agricultural policy", "farming systems", "0101 mathematics", "d\u00e9veloppement rural", "agriculture sur br\u00fblis", "politique agricole", "agriculture", "2. Zero hunger", "d\u00e9forestation", "cash crop", "History of Asia", "1. No poverty", "land use", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "shifting cultivation", "environnement", "slash-and-burn", "swidden agriculture", "for\u00eats", "agriculture itin\u00e9rante", "Laos", "farmer know-how", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "environment", "syst\u00e8mes agricoles", "rural development"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ducourtieux, Olivier", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.4000/moussons.1887"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Moussons", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.4000/moussons.1887", "name": "item", "description": "10.4000/moussons.1887", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.4000/moussons.1887"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20.500.12123/10635", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:05:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-18", "title": "Landholders' perceptions on legal reserves and agricultural intensification: Diversity and implications for forest conservation in the eastern Brazilian Amazon", "description": "Open AccessLa protecci\u00f3n de los bosques en tierras de propiedad privada es una piedra angular del marco de la pol\u00edtica ambiental brasile\u00f1a. La legislaci\u00f3n brasile\u00f1a exige que todas las fincas del pa\u00eds mantengan y protejan las \u00e1reas forestales conocidas como Reservas Legales. Dado que las Reservas Legales tienen importantes implicaciones para la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques y la producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, es clave que entendamos las percepciones de los propietarios de tierras hacia las Reservas Legales. Aplicamos la metodolog\u00eda Q para identificar diferentes perspectivas de los propietarios medianos y grandes sobre las Reservas Legales y su relaci\u00f3n con la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en el municipio de Paragominas, en la Amazon\u00eda oriental. Realizamos 31 entrevistas en las que los propietarios ordenaron 36 declaraciones en una matriz de distribuci\u00f3n casi normal. Se identificaron tres grupos de propietarios de tierras: 1) los entusiastas de la planificaci\u00f3n del uso de la tierra (n = 16) estaban interesados en iniciativas de zonificaci\u00f3n para explorar dise\u00f1os de paisajes alternativos y legislaci\u00f3n que puedan ofrecer mejores resultados de conservaci\u00f3n y producci\u00f3n; 2) los partidarios de la agricultura basada en agroqu\u00edmicos (n = 7) ten\u00edan los puntos de vista m\u00e1s cr\u00edticos contra las Reservas Legales y percib\u00edan sus costos como m\u00e1s altos que los posibles beneficios ambientales y de calidad de vida; 3) los respondedores del mercado complacientes con las pol\u00edticas (n = 4) no mostraron inter\u00e9s en las reformas de las Reservas Legales y fueron el grupo m\u00e1s impulsado por el mercado. Si bien Paragominas ha logrado \u00e9xitos notables en detener la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran escala a trav\u00e9s de un pacto social de 'Municipio Verde', abordar la persistente degradaci\u00f3n y fragmentaci\u00f3n de los bosques en la regi\u00f3n sigue siendo una prioridad clave. Las iniciativas de gobernanza local que tienen en cuenta las percepciones de m\u00faltiples partes interesadas sobre la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques pueden fomentar el di\u00e1logo y el entendimiento mutuo para conservar y restaurar eficazmente las Reservas Legales. Los conocimientos sobre las percepciones de los grandes terratenientes sobre las Reservas Legales pueden informar dichos procesos de gobernanza para conciliar la protecci\u00f3n forestal y la intensificaci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola sostenible en Paragominas.", "keywords": ["Amazonas (Brasil)", "Economics", "FOS: Political science", "SAO-FELIX", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16141", "Social Sciences", "NEEDS", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Reservas Forestales", "Natural resource economics", "conservation des for\u00eats", "FRONTIER", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "Stakeholder", "11. Sustainability", "Business", "Environmental resource management", "intensification", "Political science", "Legal Reserve", "Environmental planning", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Forest Reserves", "Corporate governance", "Geography", "Ecology", "[SDV.SA.AEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture", " economy and politics", "Forest protection", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "Amazonas (Brazil)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Brazilian Amazon", "LAND CONFLICT", "STATE", "Land Tenure and Property Rights in Agriculture", "Management", "Programming language", "E11 - \u00c9conomie et politique fonci\u00e8res", "Economics", " Econometrics and Finance", "Archaeology", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4184", "Physical Sciences", "d\u00e9boisement", "Biodiversity Conservation", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "Forest Protection", "Forest conservation", "Economics and Econometrics", "propri\u00e9taire foncier", "Conservaci\u00f3n de la Diversidad Biol\u00f3gica", "Amazon rainforest", "Legislation", "Discrete Choice Models in Economics and Health Care", "Soil Science", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15590", "FOS: Law", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331593", "12. Responsible consumption", "Farmer perceptions", "SYSTEMS", "politique de l'environnement", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374158672853", "K70 - D\u00e9g\u00e2ts caus\u00e9s aux for\u00eats et leur protection", "Agroforestry", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2597", "Biology", "Legal Pluralism", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Protecci\u00f3n Forestal", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28136", "Agricultural intensification", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "Q methodology", "Deforestation (computer science)", "13. Climate action", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33485", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "r\u00e9serve foresti\u00e8re", "r\u00e9serve naturelle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats", "BIODIVERSITY", "DEFORESTATION", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation", "Law", "Finance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20.500.12123/10635"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20.500.12123/10635", "name": "item", "description": "20.500.12123/10635", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20.500.12123/10635"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "50|od______3711::54ca06bb7bccbc8f1d796db5eb07f4cc", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:07:22Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Mutualistic tree-frugivore interactions in Afrotropical forests : from local ecological knowledge to the identification of network interaction patterns", "description": "unspecifiedDans les for\u00eats tropicales la frugivorie est un processus \u00e9cologique majeur, car la plupart des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres d\u00e9pendent des frugivores pour leur dispersion, et de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces animales utilisent les fruits comme principales sources de nourriture. Cependant, les r\u00e9seaux de frugivorie entre plantes et animaux dans les for\u00eats Afrotropicales sont peu d\u00e9crits, et les m\u00e9canismes qui les fa\u00e7onnent restent largement inexplor\u00e9s. Cette th\u00e8se de doctorat aborde une approche structurelle du r\u00e9seau de frugivorie, une approche plantes-communaut\u00e9s et une approche m\u00e9thodologique utilisant les connaissances \u00e9cologiques locales et les cam\u00e9ras.Le chapitre 1 d\u00e9crit le r\u00e9seau de frugivorie des for\u00eats Afrotropicales, bas\u00e9 sur une compilation des interactions de frugivorie issues de la litt\u00e9rature avec >10 000 interactions - 807 esp\u00e8ces d'arbres et 285 esp\u00e8ces animales. La structure du r\u00e9seau a \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9e avec un latent block model, une m\u00e9thode qui groupe des esp\u00e8ces pr\u00e9sentant des sch\u00e9mas d'interaction similaires et estime les probabilit\u00e9s d'interaction entre elles. Les grands frugivores \u00e9taient les principaux disperseurs de la plupart des arbres et les grands arbres \u00e9taient les principales sources de fruits de la plupart des frugivores. Nos r\u00e9sultats montrent aussi la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 de ce r\u00e9seau de frugivorie et l'int\u00e9grit\u00e9 fragile des for\u00eats Afrotropicales.Le chapitre 2 s'est concentr\u00e9 sur les variations des traits des communaut\u00e9s d'arbres dans les for\u00eats du Bassin du Congo en relation avec les interactions frugivores. Nos r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rences dans les traits li\u00e9s \u00e0 la frugivorie selon les types floristiques, les for\u00eats atlantiques offrant de plus gros fruits, tandis que les for\u00eats du Nord pr\u00e9sentaient une plus grande abondance de petits fruits. Nous avons constat\u00e9 que les chimpanz\u00e9s et les calaos interagissent avec les fruits les plus abondants, les \u00e9l\u00e9phants consomment toujours les plus gros fruits offerts par la communaut\u00e9, tandis que les petits oiseaux consomment les plus petits fruits.Le chapitre 3 s'est concentr\u00e9 sur les connaissances \u00e9cologiques locales (LEK) en rapport avec les interactions de frugivorie. Nous avons utilis\u00e9 un ensemble commun d'arbres et d'esp\u00e8ces de frugivores, afin de comparer les informations provenant des LEK et les connaissances acad\u00e9miques. Les populations locales avaient une connaissance substantielle des relations entre arbres et frugivores, avec 39% de nouvelles interactions, modifiant \u00e9galement la structure du r\u00e9seau de frugivorie, en attribuant en moyenne de plus petits frugivores aux esp\u00e8ces d'arbres.Dans le chapitre 4, l\u2019utilisation de cam\u00e9ras pour enregistrer les interactions entre arbres et frugivores de la communaut\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re des frugivores terrestres du Gabon, a permis d\u2019ajouter plus de 30% de nouvelles interactions. La plupart de ces interactions concernaient les petits frugivores comme les rongeurs, mais aussi les grands mammif\u00e8res comme les \u00e9l\u00e9phants et les gorilles. Ces r\u00e9sultats montrent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de poursuivre les recherches sur les interactions arbres-frugivores mais aussi d'int\u00e9grer d'autres sources compl\u00e9mentaires pour appr\u00e9cier la complexit\u00e9 des r\u00e9seaux mutualistes.Ce travail de th\u00e8se a permis de comprendre les diff\u00e9rents m\u00e9canismes qui r\u00e9gissent les interactions entre les arbres et les frugivores, notamment l'importance de la distribution spatiale des esp\u00e8ces et leurs traits biologiques. Nous avons \u00e9galement mis en \u00e9vidence des biais concernant les donn\u00e9es, la plupart des \u00e9tudes portant sur des esp\u00e8ces embl\u00e9matiques et certaines zones, et concernant les diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes, les cam\u00e9ras se concentrant sur les frugivores terrestres et le LEK \u00e9tant born\u00e9 par les connaissances acad\u00e9miques. Ces r\u00e9sultats nous ont permis de formuler des recommandations pour contrer ces biais, dont la diversification des m\u00e9thodes d'\u00e9chantillonnage des interactions, notamment en collaborant avec les populations locales dans diverses zones Afrotropicales.", "keywords": ["For\u00eats tropicales africaines", "African tropical forest", "Defaunation", "\u00c9cologie des communaut\u00e9s", "Frugivorie", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Frugivory", "Community ecology", "15. Life on land", "\u00c9cologie tropicale", "Tropical ecology", "D\u00e9faunation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Durand-Bessart, Clementine", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/50|od______3711::54ca06bb7bccbc8f1d796db5eb07f4cc"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "50|od______3711::54ca06bb7bccbc8f1d796db5eb07f4cc", "name": "item", "description": "50|od______3711::54ca06bb7bccbc8f1d796db5eb07f4cc", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/50|od______3711::54ca06bb7bccbc8f1d796db5eb07f4cc"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "530b194d-5f66-482f-b536-22db24249f91", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Nature et environnement"}, {"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "WalOnMap"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "rights": "Conditions d'acc\u00e8s et d'utilisation sp\u00e9cifiques", "updated": "2023-06-21T06:18:06.216Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-12-30", "language": "fre", "title": "CARBIOSOL - Total organic carbon stocks - period 2005-2014", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es spatialise les stocks de Carbone Organique total (COT) des sols agricoles du territoire wallon.\n\nLa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un sol peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de divers param\u00e8tres physiques, chimiques ou biologiques. Le Carbone Organique total des sols (COT), qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est reconnu comme ayant la plus grande influence sur leur qualit\u00e9, et est le plus \u00e9tudi\u00e9 actuellement de par son importance comme puits dans le cycle global du carbone.\n\nLa spatialisation des stocks de COT (et des incertitudes associ\u00e9es) apparaissent donc essentielles pour :\n- d\u00e9tecter les tendances de gains ou de pertes en COT. Ce point est \u00e0 mettre en relation avec les r\u00e9centes et futures politiques (europ\u00e9ennes ou globales) en mati\u00e8re de qualit\u00e9 des sols;\n- localiser les zones sensibles (\u00e0 faible niveau de COT) o\u00f9 prioriser la mise en place de pratiques de conservation.\n\nLa cartographie des stocks en Carbone Organique Total des sols sous cultures et en prairies permanentes a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2016 par une m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL. Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des stocks de COT (dans les trente premiers centim\u00e8tres du sol) \u00e0 40 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur l'ensemble du territoire agricole wallon. \n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nPour l'\u00e9tude relative aux stocks de COT, les donn\u00e9es utilis\u00e9es en entr\u00e9e du mod\u00e8le sont :\n- des mesures (observations) de stock de carbone organique total du sol en chaque site d'\u00e9chantillonnage du r\u00e9seau de surveillance des sols (RSS) CARBOSOL pour la p\u00e9riode 2005-2014. Le stock de COT est calcul\u00e9 suivant une relation consid\u00e9rant i) la profondeur d'\u00e9chantillonnage (m), ii) la teneur en carbone organique total (COT - %C) dans le sol, iii) la proportion volumique en \u00e9l\u00e9ments grossiers et iv) la densit\u00e9 apparente de l'horizon (kg/cm\u00b3).\n\n- les co-variables environnementales : l'altitude, les temp\u00e9ratures et pr\u00e9cipitations, l'occupation du sol, des param\u00e8tres connus des sols (classe de drainage naturel, fractions granulom\u00e9triques, etc.). Ces facteurs ont une influence potentielle sur les stocks de carbone organique.\n\nLes stocks sont exprim\u00e9s en M\u00e9gagramme de Carbone par hectare (MgC/ha). Ils sont utilis\u00e9s pour r\u00e9aliser des bilans Carbone au niveau r\u00e9gional ainsi que pour du reporting europ\u00e9en et mondial.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Nature et environnement", "Sol et sous-sol", "Sols", "dynamique naturelle", "biologie", "sol", "biologie du sol", "for\u00eat", "cycle du carbone", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "organisme du sol", "structure du sol", "carbone organique", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "carbone", "mati\u00e8re organique", "chimie des sols", "sol", "prairie", "carbone organique total", "BDInfraSIG", "Extraction_DIG", "Reporting INSPIRE", "WalOnMap", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "Stocks de COT MgC / ha - 2005-2014", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap/#ADU=https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer%7c%7c%5b7%5d", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/7", "name": "Service de visualisation ESRI-REST", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation ESRI-REST de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Stocks en Carbone organique total des sols - p\u00e9riode 2005-2014", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "Service de visualisation WMS", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation WMS de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Stocks en Carbone organique total des sols - p\u00e9riode 2005-2014", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.12.006", "name": "Stocks en Carbone organique total des sols - Article Scientifique", "description": "Mapping Soil Organic Carbon stocks and estimating uncertainties at the regional scale following a legacy sampling strategy (Southern Belgium, Wallonia).", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/INSPIRE/WMS/SO/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/530b194d-5f66-482f-b536-22db24249f91/attachments/CARBIOSOL__COT_STOCKS_2005_2014.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "530b194d-5f66-482f-b536-22db24249f91", "name": "item", "description": "530b194d-5f66-482f-b536-22db24249f91", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/530b194d-5f66-482f-b536-22db24249f91"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "62180757-5fed-464c-a450-a05757d02864", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}, {"id": "Nature et environnement"}, {"id": "Agriculture"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "WalOnMapNO"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}], "updated": "2024-11-29T07:35:54.477702Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-10-30", "language": "fre", "title": "INSPIRE - CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of Total Organic Carbon Contents - 2015-2019 period in Wallonia (BE)", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es INSPIRE reprend les incertitudes des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon dans la p\u00e9riode 2015-2019.\n\nCette donn\u00e9e conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donn\u00e9e source CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des Teneurs en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2015-2019.\n\nCette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les incertitudes (ici coefficient de variation - CV) de mod\u00e9lisation pour les teneurs en Carbone Organique Total (COT) pr\u00e9dites dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2015-2019. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nLa pr\u00e9diction est issue de la mod\u00e9lisation teneurs en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCLouvain - ULi\u00e8ge - DGARNE) et sa production par REQUASUD pour la couche de donn\u00e9es 2015-2019. \nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'incertitude est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des teneurs en Carbone organique total pour la p\u00e9riode 2015-2019 doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs.\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites pour la p\u00e9riode 2015-2019 est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies et d'une r\u00e9solution de 90 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif de carbone.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "Agriculture", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "structure du sol", "chimie des sols", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "organisme du sol", "carbone organique", "biologie du sol", "mati\u00e8re organique", "carbone organique total", "for\u00eat", "carbone", "sol", "prairie", "cycle du carbone", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Extraction_DIG", "WalOnMapNO", "BDInfraSIG", "Open Data", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation", "Observation de la terre et environnement"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - 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Parmi ces param\u00e8tres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'indicateur principal de la qualit\u00e9 des sols, \u00e0 la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.\n\nLa pr\u00e9sente couche de donn\u00e9es constitue la cartographie des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total (COT) pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en R\u00e9gion wallonne pour une p\u00e9riode comprise entre 2015 et 2019. La couche a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l'UCLouvain dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL puis transmise \u00e0 REQUASUD pour le traitement des donn\u00e9es 2015-2019.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nEn chaque pixel, la teneur en Carbone Organique Total (COT) est exprim\u00e9e en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine s\u00e8che (gC/kg). Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des teneurs en COT \u00e0 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.\n\nLes teneurs moyennes en COT observ\u00e9es pour les sols (horizons de surface) sous cultures et prairies permanentes sur la p\u00e9riode 2015-2019 \u00e9taient de 1.33 gC/kg et 3.67 gC/kg respectivement, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la base de donn\u00e9es R\u00e9QuaSud. \n\nSur cette m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, 3.6 % des superficies sous cultures pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs en COT < 1 gC kg-1  et 79 % pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs < 1.5 gC/kg. 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High Value Datasets Regulation"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Environnement"}, {"id": "Agriculture, p\u00eache, sylviculture et alimentation"}, {"id": "Science et technologie"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/data-theme"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "updated": "2025-02-14T10:33:53.124056Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-10-30", "language": "fre", "title": "INSPIRE - CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of Total Organic Carbon Contents - period 2004-2014 in Wallonia (BE)", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es INSPIRE reprend les incertitudes des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon dans la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nCette donn\u00e9e conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donn\u00e9e source CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des Teneurs en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nElle reprend l'incertitude li\u00e9e au calcul des stocks et \u00e0 la mod\u00e9lisation pour les stocks en COT pr\u00e9dits dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nDans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCL - ULg - DGARNE), une couche de donn\u00e9es raster de 40 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution des stocks en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies a \u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par mod\u00e9lisation spatiale. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour chaque type d'occupation du sol d'int\u00e9r\u00eat (cultures et prairies permanentes).\n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es. Les incertitudes de pr\u00e9diction pour les stocks sont calcul\u00e9es selon les recommandations du projet GlobalSoilMap (Heuveling, 2014 - cf. g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie).\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux stocks en COT pr\u00e9dits est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes et d'une r\u00e9solution de 40 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif (% relatif \u00e0 la valeur m\u00e9diane pr\u00e9dite).\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des stocks en carbone organique total doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "Agriculture", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "structure du sol", "chimie des sols", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "carbone organique", "biologie du sol", "mati\u00e8re organique", "carbone organique total", "cycle du carbone", "for\u00eat", "carbone", "sol", "prairie", "organisme du sol", "Extraction_DIG", "WalOnMapNO", "BDInfraSIG", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "Environnement", "Agriculture", " p\u00eache", " sylviculture et alimentation", "Science et technologie"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "requasud@cra.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL);Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "SO.SoilThemeCoverage.COT__CV_TENEURS_2004_2014", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap#PANIER=%5B%7B%22serviceId%22%3A%221%22%2C%22visible%22%3Atrue%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeoservices.wallonie.be%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FSOL_SOUS_SOL%2FCARBIOSOL%2FMapServer%2F4%22%2C%22label%22%3A%22CARBIOSOL%20-%20Incertitudes%20des%20Teneurs%20en%20Carbone%20organique%20total%20-%20p%C3%A9riode%202015-2019%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22AGS_DYNAMIC%22%2C%22metadataUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeodata.wallonie.be%2Fdoc%2F8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea%22%7D%5D", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "browsing"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/geoserver/inspire_so/ows?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "description": "Ce service de visualisation WMS-INSPIRE permet de consulter la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es conforme au th\u00e8me INSPIRE \"Sols\".", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "browsing"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "description": "Ce service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement ATOM Feed permet de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es conforme au th\u00e8me INSPIRE \"Sols\".", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://geodata.wallonie.be/dataset/8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea", "name": "Page de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement des donn\u00e9es", "description": "Page \u00e0 partir de laquelle vous avez acc\u00e8s au t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement direct de la donn\u00e9e", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea/attachments/SO.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea", "name": "item", "description": "8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/8279ac41-903a-4196-8d5c-8fa836c949ea"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-01-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "IGNF_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-5.15, 41.32], [-5.15, 51.1], [9.57, 51.1], [9.57, 41.32], [-5.15, 41.32]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Occupation des terres"}, {"id": "Sols"}, {"id": "Usage des sols"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}], "license": "Pas de restriction d'acc\u00e8s public selon INSPIRE", "updated": "2025-12-08T08:43:58.756238Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "fre", "title": "DEBROUSSAILLY", "description": "**Une base de donn\u00e9es nationale pour recenser les territoires concern\u00e9s par les obligations l\u00e9gales de d\u00e9broussaillement**\n\n\nLa base de donn\u00e9es D\u00c9BROUSSAILLEMENT permet de pouvoir localiser les terrains et savoir s\u2019ils sont soumis \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation sur les OLD (Obligations L\u00e9gales de D\u00e9broussaillement). Elle ne pr\u00e9cise pas les r\u00e8gles \u00e0 appliquer pour d\u00e9broussailler correctement (profondeur de d\u00e9broussaillement depuis l\u2019habitation, distance entre les arbres, hauteur d\u2019\u00e9lagage, etc.). Les r\u00e8gles de mise en \u0153uvre des OLD peuvent \u00eatre diff\u00e9rentes d\u2019un d\u00e9partement \u00e0 l\u2019autre, car elles tiennent compte du contexte local.\n\nCette base est un recensement des territoires qui sont soumis \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation OLD suite \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des d\u00e9crets et arr\u00eat\u00e9s pr\u00e9fectoraux en vigueur dans les d\u00e9partements. Les zonages sur la r\u00e9glementation OLD produits par les services des pr\u00e9fectures ont \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9s. Sur les autres d\u00e9partements o\u00f9 les OLD s\u2019appliquent, la base affiche le zonage produit par l\u2019IGN conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 **l\u2019instruction technique n\u00b0DGPE/SDFCB/2019-122 du 08 f\u00e9vrier 2019**. Sur certains secteurs, la traduction en zonage des informations r\u00e9glementaires sur les OLD n\u2019est pas assez pr\u00e9cise. La base D\u00c9BROUSSAILLEMENT s\u2019affiche alors en hachur\u00e9e pour signaler que des donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cises sont indisponibles dans le secteur.\n\n\nLa base de donn\u00e9es contient les informations relatives aux 45 d\u00e9partements concern\u00e9s actuellement par les obligations l\u00e9gales de d\u00e9broussaillement.\n\nEn t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement, le produit D\u00c9BROUSSAILLEMENT se d\u00e9cline en deux versions :\n\n**Une version compl\u00e8te** qui contient tous les objets de zonage informatif des OLD, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire l\u2019ensemble des donn\u00e9es des massifs forestiers concern\u00e9s par l\u2019obligation de d\u00e9broussaillement ainsi que les buffers de 200 m associ\u00e9s.\n\nCes donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques comportent 9 attributs :\n    - identifiant de l\u2019objet\n    - num\u00e9ro de d\u00e9partement\n    - type de donn\u00e9es source\n    - identifiant dans la donn\u00e9e source\n    - type de zonage\n    - diffusion de l\u2019objet sur le g\u00e9oportail\n    - adresse internet institutionnelle de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\n    - date d\u2019int\u00e9gration de l\u2019objet dans la donn\u00e9e diffus\u00e9e par l\u2019IGN\n    - date de l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00e9 pr\u00e9fectoral\n\t\n\n**Une version dite \u00ab all\u00e9g\u00e9e \u00bb** qui contient uniquement les donn\u00e9es des buffers qui sont diffus\u00e9s sur le g\u00e9oportail.\n\n\nCes donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques comportent 4 attributs :\n    - identifiant de l\u2019objet\n    - num\u00e9ro de d\u00e9partement\n    - type de donn\u00e9es source\n    - date d\u2019int\u00e9gration de l\u2019objet dans la donn\u00e9e diffus\u00e9e par l\u2019IGN", "formats": [{"name": "SHP"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "OGC:WFS"}], "keywords": ["Occupation des terres", "Sols", "Usage des sols", "National", "for\u00eats", "inventaire", "donn\u00e9es ouvertes", "v\u00e9g\u00e9tation"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "INSTITUT NATIONAL DE L'INFORMATION GEOGRAPHIQUE ET FORESTIERE (IGN)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "contact.geoservices@ign.fr"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["IGN - Support utilisateurs"], "city": "SAINT-MAND\u00c9 C\u00c9DEX", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "94165", "country": "FRANCE"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "title_alternate": "Zonage informatif des Obligations L\u00e9gales de D\u00e9broussaillement (OLD)", "denominator": "5000", "edition": "6.0"}, "links": [{"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/telechargement/resource/DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "name": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "description": "Le produit DEBROUSSAILLEMENT pr\u00e9sente le zonage informatif des Obligations L\u00e9gales de D\u00e9broussaillement (OLD). C\u2019est une carte qui permet aux particuliers de pouvoir localiser leur terrain et savoir s\u2019ils sont soumis \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation sur les obligations de d\u00e9broussaillement. Ce zonage informatif ne pr\u00e9cise pas les r\u00e8gles \u00e0 appliquer pour d\u00e9broussailler correctement (profondeur de d\u00e9broussaillement depuis l\u2019habitation, distance entre les arbres, hauteur d\u2019\u00e9lagage, etc.).", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&VERSION=1.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "description": "Zonage informatif des obligations l\u00e9gales de d\u00e9broussaillement", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wms-v/ows?SERVICE=WMS&VERSION=1.3.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "description": "Zonage informatif des obligations l\u00e9gales de d\u00e9broussaillement", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wfs/ows?SERVICE=WFS&VERSION=2.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT:debroussaillement", "description": "Zonage informatif des obligations l\u00e9gales de d\u00e9broussaillement", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/DC_DL_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT.pdf", "description": "D\u00c9BROUSSAILLEMENT - Descriptif de contenu et de livraison", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/SE_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT.pdf", "description": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT - Suivi des \u00e9volutions", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/Info_zonage-OLD-Geoportail.pdf", "description": "DEBROUSSAILLEMENT - Notice d'utilisation", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/metadata/thumbnail/vignette-debroussaillement.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "IGNF_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "name": "item", "description": "IGNF_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGNF_DEBROUSSAILLEMENT"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date-time": "2025-12-08T08:43:58Z"}}, {"id": "IGNF_BD-CARTO-EM", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-5.15, 41.32], [-5.15, 51.1], [9.57, 51.1], [9.57, 41.32], [-5.15, 41.32]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Occupation des terres"}, {"id": "Usage des sols"}, {"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}], "license": "Pas de restriction d'acc\u00e8s public selon INSPIRE", "updated": "2025-12-08T08:32:42.673698Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-01-12", "language": "fre", "title": "BD Carto\u00ae Staff", "description": "**BD Carto\u00ae Etat-Major**\n\nLa BD Carto\u00ae Etat-Major est la base de donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour la description de l\u2019occupation du sol historique (19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle). Elle s\u2019appuie sur l\u2019ensemble des cartes scann\u00e9es dites \u00ab d\u2019Etat-major \u00bb produites entre 1820 et 1866 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle 1 : 40 000.\n\n**Caract\u00e9ristiques principales :**\n\nLa BD Carto\u00ae Etat-Major est produite en partie par interpr\u00e9tation d\u2019images, par extraction automatique des b\u00e2timents et d\u2019une autre partie par int\u00e9gration de productions \u00e9manant de diff\u00e9rents partenaires.\n\nElle est disponible en 2 versions sur la France m\u00e9tropolitaine selon les d\u00e9partements :  \n\n- dans une version multi-th\u00e8mes, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que la totalit\u00e9 des th\u00e8mes de l\u2019occupation du sol ont \u00e9t\u00e9 num\u00e9ris\u00e9s (for\u00eat, b\u00e2ti, prairie, hydrographie, route, vigne,\u2026) \n\n- dans une version mono-th\u00e8me , c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que seule l\u2019emprise des for\u00eats a \u00e9t\u00e9 num\u00e9ris\u00e9e.\nUne carte dans les liens ci-dessous vous permet de voir les d\u00e9partements couverts en version mono-th\u00e8me et les d\u00e9partements couverts en version multi-th\u00e8mes.\n\n**Couverture :**\n\nLa BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major est produite par d\u00e9partement tout en assurant au niveau national une continuit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique et th\u00e9matique. Les d\u00e9partements dont les limites ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 depuis les ann\u00e9es 1900 se retrouvent en t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement sur plusieurs d\u00e9partements (38, 54, 57, 67, 69, 88) ou avec un autre d\u00e9partement dans le cas des cr\u00e9ations de d\u00e9partements (90 \u00e0 95). Il est \u00e0 noter qu\u2019une partie du d\u00e9partement 06 et 73 actuel n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 cartographi\u00e9 au moment de la cr\u00e9ation de la carte d\u2019Etat-major. Cette partie est donc absente de la base de donn\u00e9es.\n\n**Utilisations recommand\u00e9es :**\n\nDe la connaissance des milieux naturels (continuit\u00e9s \u00e9cologiques, trames vertes, essences, \u00e9tudes sur l\u2019\u00e9volution des massifs forestiers) \u00e0 l\u2019appui des politiques publiques (pr\u00e9servation de la biodiversit\u00e9, gestion foresti\u00e8re durable, production sylvicole), c\u2019est une base de donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les forestiers, les chercheurs, les urbanistes et gestionnaires de milieux naturels et une ressource d\u2019importance majeure pour les collectivit\u00e9s territoriales dans l\u2019identification des dynamiques territoriales. Ces donn\u00e9es historiques peuvent ainsi \u00eatre crois\u00e9es avec les donn\u00e9es plus r\u00e9centes pour observer l\u2019\u00e9volution des milieux (exemples : conservation ou disparition des for\u00eats ou encore zones humides anciennes).", "formats": [{"name": "SHP"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "OGC:WFS"}], "keywords": ["Occupation des terres", "Usage des sols", "Sols", "National", "donn\u00e9es ouvertes", "for\u00eats", "couverture du sol", "patrimoine", "v\u00e9g\u00e9tation historique", "occupation du sol", "occupation des terres", "sante-environnement"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "INSTITUT NATIONAL DE L'INFORMATION GEOGRAPHIQUE ET FORESTIERE (IGN)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "contact.geoservices@ign.fr"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["IGN - Support utilisateurs"], "city": "SAINT-MAND\u00c9 C\u00c9DEX", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "94165", "country": "FRANCE"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "title_alternate": "BD CARTO EM", "denominator": "40000", "edition": "1.0"}, "links": [{"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/telechargement/resource/BDCARTO-EM", "name": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major", "description": "Le produit BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major est une base de donn\u00e9es vectorielle pour la description de l\u2019occupation historique du sol du XIXe si\u00e8cle sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire m\u00e9tropolitain.", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/bdtopo/rapport-controle-qualite", "description": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major - Descriptif de contenu et de livraison", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/SE_BDCARTO-EM.pdf", "description": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major - Suivi des \u00e9volutions", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/Projets_carto_BDCEM.zip", "description": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major - Projets cartographiques", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/Projets_carto.pdf", "description": "Projets cartographiques pour les produits vecteur - Manuel utilisateur", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/Rapport_Methodologique_IGN_v1-1.pdf", "description": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major - Rapport M\u00e9thodologique", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/documentation/Boite_a_outils_GEOREF_BDCARTO_EM.zip", "description": "BD CARTO\u00ae \u00c9tat-major - Boite a outils GEOREF", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&VERSION=1.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU3", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N3 (occupation du sol historique)", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&VERSION=1.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU4", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N4 (occupation du sol historique)", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wms-r/wms?service=wms&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU3", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N3 (occupation du sol historique)", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wms-r/wms?service=wms&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU4", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N4 (occupation du sol historique)", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wfs/ows?SERVICE=WFS&VERSION=2.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU3", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N3 - Tous th\u00e8mes", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/wfs/ows?SERVICE=WFS&VERSION=2.0.0&REQUEST=GetCapabilities", "name": "BDCARTO_ETAT-MAJOR.NIVEAU4", "description": "BD Carto\u00ae \u00c9tat-major N4 - Tous th\u00e8mes", "protocol": "OGC:WFS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://data.geopf.fr/annexes/ressources/metadata/thumbnail/vignette-bd-carto-em.jpg", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "IGNF_BD-CARTO-EM", "name": "item", "description": "IGNF_BD-CARTO-EM", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGNF_BD-CARTO-EM"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2019-11-01T00:00:00Z", "2025-02-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "c7caec6d-9393-414b-a5c7-362521720b08", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Nature et environnement"}, {"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "dynamique naturelle"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "carbone"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "WalOnMap"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "rights": "Conditions d'acc\u00e8s et d'utilisation sp\u00e9cifiques", "updated": "2023-06-21T06:17:32.068Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-12-30", "language": "fre", "title": "CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of total organic carbon stocks - period 2005-2014", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les incertitudes de pr\u00e9diction pour les stocks en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon.\n\nElle reprend l'incertitude li\u00e9e au calcul des stocks et \u00e0 la mod\u00e9lisation pour les stocks en COT pr\u00e9dits dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2005-2014. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nDans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCL - ULg - DGARNE), une couche de donn\u00e9es raster de 40 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution des stocks en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies a \u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par mod\u00e9lisation spatiale. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour chaque type d'occupation du sol d'int\u00e9r\u00eat (cultures et prairies permanentes).\n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es. Les incertitudes de pr\u00e9diction pour les stocks sont calcul\u00e9es selon les recommandations du projet GlobalSoilMap (Heuveling, 2014 - cf. g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie).\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux stocks en COT pr\u00e9dits est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes  et d'une r\u00e9solution de 40 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif (% relatif \u00e0 la valeur m\u00e9diane pr\u00e9dite).\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des stocks en carbone organique total doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Nature et environnement", "Sol et sous-sol", "biologie", "sol", "dynamique naturelle", "carbone organique total", "carbone organique", "mati\u00e8re organique", "chimie des sols", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "organisme du sol", "sol", "biologie du sol", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "structure du sol", "cycle du carbone", "for\u00eat", "prairie", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "carbone", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Extraction_DIG", "WalOnMap", "BDInfraSIG", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "incertitude", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "Incertitudes des stocks de COT (%) - 2005-2014", "distancevalue": "40", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap/#ADU=https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer%7c%7c%5b8%5d", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/8", "name": "Service de visualisation ESRI-REST", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation ESRI-REST de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des stocks en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2005-2014", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "Service de visualisation WMS", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation WMS de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des stocks en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2005-2014", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/INSPIRE/WMS/SO/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/c7caec6d-9393-414b-a5c7-362521720b08/attachments/CARBIOSOL__COT_STOCKS_INCERTITUDES_2005_2014.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "c7caec6d-9393-414b-a5c7-362521720b08", "name": "item", "description": "c7caec6d-9393-414b-a5c7-362521720b08", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/c7caec6d-9393-414b-a5c7-362521720b08"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "b23dbf43-ee30-452e-ba37-e036c4dc933d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}, {"id": "Nature et environnement"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "sol"}, {"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "dynamique naturelle"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "culture"}, {"id": "station de surveillance"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "cartogramme"}, {"id": "type de sol"}, {"id": "surveillance de l'environnement"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "cartographie"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "profil du sol"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "r\u00e9seau de mesure"}, {"id": "ressources du sol"}, {"id": "analyse des sols"}, {"id": "qualit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "stockage"}, {"id": "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement"}, {"id": "mod\u00e9lisation"}, {"id": "conservation du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "utilisation du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "sous-sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "rights": "Conditions d'acc\u00e8s et d'utilisation sp\u00e9cifiques", "updated": "2023-06-21T06:17:34.958Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-12-30", "language": "fre", "title": "CARBIOSOL - Predicted Total Organic Carbon - 2004-2014", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les teneurs en carbone organique total dans les sols agricoles du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014.\n\nLa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un sol peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de divers param\u00e8tres physiques, chimiques ou  biologiques. Parmi ces param\u00e8tres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'indicateur principal de la qualit\u00e9 des sols, \u00e0 la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.\n\nLa pr\u00e9sente couche de donn\u00e9es constitue la cartographie des teneurs en carbone organique total (COT) pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en R\u00e9gion wallonne pour une p\u00e9riode comprise entre 2004 et 2014. La couche a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l'UCL dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nEn chaque pixel, la teneur en carbone organique total (COT) est exprim\u00e9e en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine s\u00e8che (gC/kg). Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des teneurs en COT \u00e0 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.\n\nLes teneurs moyennes en COT observ\u00e9es pour les sols (horizons de surface) sous cultures et prairies permanentes sur la p\u00e9riode 2004-2014 \u00e9taient de 1.30 gC/kg et 3.61 gC/kg respectivement, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la base de donn\u00e9es REQUASUD. \n\nSur cette m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, 22 % des superficies sous cultures pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs en COT < 1.15 gC kg-1  et 73 % pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs < 1.5 gC/kg. En de\u00e7\u00e0 de 1.15 gC/kg, le sol est d\u00e9structur\u00e9.\n\nEntre 2004 et 2014, les teneurs en COT des sols pour les deux occupations de sols tendent \u00e0 augmenter du nord-ouest au sud-est, de la r\u00e9gion sablo-limoneuse \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion ardennaise, et \u00e0 rebaisser en r\u00e9gion Jurassique.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "sol", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "culture", "station de surveillance", "cycle du carbone", "cartogramme", "type de sol", "surveillance de l'environnement", "for\u00eat", "cartographie", "prairie", "profil du sol", "biologie du sol", "r\u00e9seau de mesure", "ressources du sol", "analyse des sols", "qualit\u00e9 du sol", "stockage", "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement", "mod\u00e9lisation", "conservation du sol", "carbone organique", "carbone", "organisme du sol", "utilisation du sol", "carbone organique total", "mati\u00e8re organique", "sol", "sous-sol", "BDInfraSIG", "Extraction_DIG", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "COT", "COS", "CARBIOSOL", "CARBOSOL", "RSS", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "CNSW", "COSW", "REQUASUD", "RMSE", "GAM", "Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9", "MAG", "Monte-Carlo", "covariable", "CO2", "Digital Soil Mapping", "DTM", "Erreur", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "COT gC/Kg - 2004-2014", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap/#ADU=https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer%7c%7c%5b3%5d", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/rest/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/3", "name": "Service de visualisation ESRI-REST", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation ESRI-REST de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Teneurs pr\u00e9dites en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/arcgis/services/SOL_SOUS_SOL/CARBIOSOL/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "Service de visualisation WMS", "description": "Adresse de connexion au service de visualisation WMS de la couche de donn\u00e9es CARBIOSOL - Teneurs pr\u00e9dites en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 2004-2014", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/INSPIRE/WMS/SO/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/b23dbf43-ee30-452e-ba37-e036c4dc933d/attachments/CARBIOSOL__COT_TENEURS_2004_2014.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "b23dbf43-ee30-452e-ba37-e036c4dc933d", "name": "item", "description": "b23dbf43-ee30-452e-ba37-e036c4dc933d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/b23dbf43-ee30-452e-ba37-e036c4dc933d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2004-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2014-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "b2d711b3-2d3d-425c-b838-f3275fb62fc7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Agriculture"}, {"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}, {"id": "Nature et environnement"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "biologie"}, {"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "sol"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "WalOnMapNO"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Agriculture, p\u00eache, sylviculture et alimentation"}, {"id": "Science et technologie"}, {"id": "Environnement"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/data-theme"}], "license": "Pas de limitation d'acc\u00e8s public \u00e0 cette donn\u00e9e.", "updated": "2025-08-06T11:14:49.680773Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-10-30", "language": "fre", "title": "INSPIRE - CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of Total Organic Carbon Contents - period 1949-1972 in Wallonia (BE)", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es INSPIRE reprend les incertitudes des teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon dans la p\u00e9riode p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nCette donn\u00e9e conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donn\u00e9e source CARBIOSOL - Incertitudes des Teneurs en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nElle reprend les incertitudes (ici coefficient de variation - CV) de mod\u00e9lisation pour les teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nDans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCL - ULg - DGARNE), une couche de donn\u00e9es raster de 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution des teneurs en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies a \u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par mod\u00e9lisation spatiale. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour chaque type d'occupation du sol d'int\u00e9r\u00eat (cultures et prairies permanentes).\n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1974 est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies et d'une r\u00e9solution de 90 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif.\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des teneurs en Carbone organique total pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972 doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Agriculture", "Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "structure du sol", "organisme du sol", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "chimie des sols", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "prairie", "biologie du sol", "carbone organique", "carbone", "cycle du carbone", "carbone organique total", "mati\u00e8re organique", "sol", "for\u00eat", "Extraction_DIG", "BDInfraSIG", "WalOnMapNO", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "2023/138 - 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Predicted levels of total organic carbon - period 1949-1972", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les teneurs en carbone organique total dans les sols agricoles du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nLa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un sol peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de divers param\u00e8tres physiques, chimiques ou  biologiques. Parmi ces param\u00e8tres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'indicateur principal de la qualit\u00e9 des sols, \u00e0 la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.\n\nLa pr\u00e9sente couche de donn\u00e9es constitue la cartographie des teneurs en carbone organique total (COT) historiques pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en R\u00e9gion wallonne. La p\u00e9riode couverte par cette cartographie s'\u00e9tend de f\u00e9vrier 1949 \u00e0 juillet 1972. La couche a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l'UCL dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nEn chaque pixel, la teneur en carbone organique total (COT) est exprim\u00e9e en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine s\u00e8che (gC/kg). Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des teneurs en COT \u00e0 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.\n\nLes teneurs moyennes en COT pour les sols sous cultures et prairies sur la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972 \u00e9taient de 1.62 gC/kg et 3.26 gC/kg. 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Cette tendance refl\u00e8te les variations de relief et de sols contr\u00f4lant \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9volution de l\u2019occupation des sols (de cultures intensives \u00e0 prairies permanentes extensives dominantes), mais \u00e9galement les variations climatiques.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "sol", "biologie", "dynamique naturelle", "cycle du carbone", "ressources du sol", "carbone organique total", "carbone", "type de sol", "profil du sol", "culture", "stockage", "sous-sol", "r\u00e9seau de mesure", "cartogramme", "conservation du sol", "analyse des sols", "biologie du sol", "utilisation du sol", "prairie", "surveillance de l'environnement", "organisme du sol", "station de surveillance", "qualit\u00e9 du sol", "mati\u00e8re organique", "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement", "carbone organique", "for\u00eat", "mod\u00e9lisation", "cartographie", "sol", "WalOnMap", "Extraction_DIG", "Reporting INSPIRE", "BDInfraSIG", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "COT", "COS", "CARBIOSOL", "CARBOSOL", "RSS", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "CNSW", "COSW", "REQUASUD", "RMSE", "GAM", "Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9", "MAG", "Monte-Carlo", "covariable", "CO2", "Digital Soil Mapping", "DTM", "Erreur", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - 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High Value Datasets Regulation"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Agriculture, p\u00eache, sylviculture et alimentation"}, {"id": "Environnement"}, {"id": "Science et technologie"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/data-theme"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "updated": "2025-02-14T10:37:30.896874Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-10-30", "language": "fre", "title": "INSPIRE - CARBIOSOL - Predicted total organic carbon levels - period 1949-1972 in Wallonia (BE)", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es INSPIRE reprend les teneurs en Carbone Organique Total dans les sols agricoles du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nCette donn\u00e9e conforme INSPIRE est issue de la donn\u00e9e source CARBIOSOL - Teneurs pr\u00e9dites en Carbone organique total - p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nLa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un sol peut \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de divers param\u00e8tres physiques, chimiques ou biologiques. Parmi ces param\u00e8tres, le carbone organique des sols, qui constitue plus de 50% de la masse de la mati\u00e8re organique du sol, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'indicateur principal de la qualit\u00e9 des sols, \u00e0 la fois pour ses fonctions agricoles et environnementales.\n\nLa pr\u00e9sente couche de donn\u00e9es constitue la cartographie des teneurs en carbone organique total (COT) historiques pour les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes en R\u00e9gion wallonne. La p\u00e9riode couverte par cette cartographie s'\u00e9tend de f\u00e9vrier 1949 \u00e0 juillet 1972. La couche a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par m\u00e9thode de mod\u00e9lisation spatiale d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l'UCL dans le cadre de la convention CARBIOSOL.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la constitution des couches cartographiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es dans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nEn chaque pixel, la teneur en carbone organique total (COT) est exprim\u00e9e en gramme de carbone par kilogramme de terre fine s\u00e8che (gC/kg). Le r\u00e9sultat en sortie du mod\u00e8le est une couche raster des teneurs en COT \u00e0 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution et spatialement continue sur le territoire agricole wallon.\n\nLes teneurs moyennes en COT pour les sols sous cultures et prairies sur la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972 \u00e9taient de 1.62 gC/kg et 3.26 gC/kg. Sur cette p\u00e9riode, 9% des superficies agricoles pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs en COT < 1.15 %C et 60% pr\u00e9sentaient des teneurs < 1.5 gC kg-1. En de\u00e7\u00e0 de 1.15 gC/kg, le sol est d\u00e9structur\u00e9.\n\nLes teneurs en COT des sols pour les deux occupations de sols tendent \u00e0 augmenter du nord-ouest au sud-est, de la r\u00e9gion sablo-limoneuse \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion ardennaise, et rebaisser en r\u00e9gion Jurassique. Cette tendance refl\u00e8te les variations de relief et de sols contr\u00f4lant \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9volution de l\u2019occupation des sols (de cultures intensives \u00e0 prairies permanentes extensives dominantes), mais \u00e9galement les variations climatiques.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Nature et environnement", "Agriculture", "Sol et sous-sol", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "biologie", "conservation du sol", "type de sol", "cartogramme", "qualit\u00e9 du sol", "culture", "mod\u00e9lisation", "surveillance de l'environnement", "donn\u00e9es sur l'\u00e9tat de l'environnement", "organisme du sol", "ressources du sol", "biologie du sol", "carbone organique total", "stockage", "analyse des sols", "station de surveillance", "cartographie", "carbone organique", "sous-sol", "r\u00e9seau de mesure", "prairie", "mati\u00e8re organique", "cycle du carbone", "for\u00eat", "sol", "profil du sol", "carbone", "utilisation du sol", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Extraction_DIG", "BDInfraSIG", "WalOnMapNO", "Open Data", "COT", "COS", "CARBIOSOL", "CARBOSOL", "RSS", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "CNSW", "COSW", "REQUASUD", "RMSE", "GAM", "Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9", "MAG", "Monte-Carlo", "covariable", "CO2", "Digital Soil Mapping", "DTM", "Erreur", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "2023/138 - High Value Datasets Regulation", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "Agriculture", " p\u00eache", " sylviculture et alimentation", "Environnement", "Science et technologie"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral - SPW Digital - D\u00e9partement Donn\u00e9es transversales - Gestion et valorisation de la donn\u00e9e)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Direction de la Protection des Sols (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement du Sol et des D\u00e9chets - Direction de la Protection des Sols)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "esther.goidts@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Service public de Wallonie (SPW)", "position": null, "roles": ["owner"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "helpdesk.carto@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "protocol_url": "", "name": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "name_url": "", "description": "G\u00e9oportail de la Wallonie", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": "Caroline Chartin", "organization": "Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "caroline.chartin@uclouvain.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "Cellule SIG du SPW ARNE (SPW - Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement - D\u00e9partement de l'\u00c9tude du milieu naturel et agricole - Direction de la Coordination des Donn\u00e9es)", "position": null, "roles": ["processor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sig.dgarne@spw.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL)", "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "requasud@cra.wallonie.be"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "R\u00e9seau Qualit\u00e9 Sud (REQUASUD ASBL);Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain - Earth and Life Institute (UCL - ELI)", "roles": ["creator"]}], "title_alternate": "SO.SoilThemeCoverage.COT__TENEURS_1949_1972", "distancevalue": "90", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://geoportail.wallonie.be/walonmap#PANIER=%5B%7B%22serviceId%22%3A%221%22%2C%22visible%22%3Atrue%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeoservices.wallonie.be%2Farcgis%2Frest%2Fservices%2FSOL_SOUS_SOL%2FCARBIOSOL%2FMapServer%2F3%22%2C%22label%22%3A%22CARBIOSOL%20-%20Teneurs%20pr%C3%A9dites%20en%20Carbone%20organique%20total%20-%20p%C3%A9riode%202015-2019%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22AGS_DYNAMIC%22%2C%22metadataUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgeodata.wallonie.be%2Fdoc%2Fce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c%22%7D%5D", "name": "Application WalOnMap - Toute la Wallonie \u00e0 la carte", "description": "Application cartographique du Geoportail (WalOnMap) qui permet de d\u00e9couvrir les donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques de la Wallonie.", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "browsing"}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/geoserver/inspire_so/ows?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geodata.wallonie.be/dataset/ce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c", "name": "Page de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement des donn\u00e9es", "description": "Page \u00e0 partir de laquelle vous avez acc\u00e8s au t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement direct de la donn\u00e9e", "protocol": "WWW:LINK", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/ce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c/attachments/SO.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c", "name": "item", "description": "ce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ce58c3ed-03d5-43da-b5cf-376e8faf351c"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1949-01-01T00:00:00Z", "1972-01-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "ea3a946c-f25e-44b5-be96-dce9bbc93050", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[2.75, 49.45], [2.75, 50.85], [6.5, 50.85], [6.5, 49.45], [2.75, 49.45]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sol et sous-sol"}, {"id": "Nature et environnement"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/theme-geoportail-wallon"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "dynamique naturelle"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "biologie"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet-theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "cycle du carbone"}, {"id": "mati\u00e8re organique"}, {"id": "chimie des sols"}, {"id": "organisme du sol"}, {"id": "structure du sol"}, {"id": "fertilit\u00e9 du sol"}, {"id": "for\u00eat"}, {"id": "prairie"}, {"id": "d\u00e9gradation du sol"}, {"id": "sol"}, {"id": "d\u00e9terioration du sol"}, {"id": "biologie du sol"}, {"id": "carbone"}, {"id": "carbone organique total"}, {"id": "carbone organique"}], "scheme": "http://geonetwork-opensource.org/gemet"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Extraction_DIG"}, {"id": "BDInfraSIG"}, {"id": "WalOnMap"}, {"id": "Reporting INSPIRE"}, {"id": "Open Data"}, {"id": "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO"}], "scheme": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/thesaurus/infrasig"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Sols"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "R\u00e9gional"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Observation de la terre et environnement"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/bna/asd487ae75"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "2023/138"}], "scheme": "http://data.europa.eu/r5r/applicableLegislation"}], "license": "No limitations to public access", "rights": "Conditions d'acc\u00e8s et d'utilisation sp\u00e9cifiques", "updated": "2023-06-21T06:17:27.865Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2016-12-30", "language": "fre", "title": "CARBIOSOL - Uncertainties of Total Organic Carbon Contents - period 1949-1972", "description": "Cette couche de donn\u00e9es reprend les incertitudes des teneurs en COT dans les sols sous cultures et prairies permanentes du territoire wallon entre la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972.\n\nElle reprend les incertitudes (ici coefficient de variation - CV) de mod\u00e9lisation pour les teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites dans les sols sous cultures et prairies du territoire wallon pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972. Il s'agit donc d'une mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction.\n\nDans le cadre du projet CARBIOSOL (UCL - ULg - DGARNE), une couche de donn\u00e9es raster de 90 m\u00e8tres de r\u00e9solution des teneurs en carbone organique total des sols sous cultures et prairies a \u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par mod\u00e9lisation spatiale. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour chaque type d'occupation du sol d'int\u00e9r\u00eat (cultures et prairies permanentes). \n\nPour chaque occupation du sol, un Mod\u00e8le Additif G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 (GAM pour Generalised Additive Model) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajust\u00e9 sur un jeu de calibration contenant deux tiers des points d'observation concern\u00e9s. Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 valid\u00e9 sur le tiers restant.\n\nPour plus de d\u00e9tails sur la mod\u00e9lisation mise en place dans la cadre de CARBIOSOL, veuillez-vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la fiche de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es documentant la s\u00e9rie de couches de donn\u00e9es.\n\nLa cartographie des incertitudes de mod\u00e9lisation associ\u00e9es aux teneurs en COT pr\u00e9dites pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1974 est une couche raster spatialement continue sur les sols sous cultures et prairies et d'une r\u00e9solution de 90 m\u00e8tres. L'incertitude en chaque pixel est exprim\u00e9e en pourcentage relatif.\n\nLa mod\u00e9lisation de l'erreur de pr\u00e9diction est une erreur potentielle qui permet une meilleure interpr\u00e9tation des produits cartographiques finaux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par le projet CARBIOSOL. La cartographie des teneurs en Carbone organique total pour la p\u00e9riode 1949-1972 doit donc \u00eatre lue en association avec la carte des incertitudes. Une incertitude importante refl\u00e8te une pr\u00e9diction moins fiable et donc une plus grande pr\u00e9caution dans l'interpr\u00e9tation des valeurs.", "formats": [{"name": "TIFF (.tif"}, {"name": " .tiff)"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}, {"name": "atom:feed"}], "keywords": ["Sol et sous-sol", "Nature et environnement", "dynamique naturelle", "sol", "biologie", "cycle du carbone", "mati\u00e8re organique", "chimie des sols", "organisme du sol", "structure du sol", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "for\u00eat", "prairie", "d\u00e9gradation du sol", "sol", "d\u00e9terioration du sol", "biologie du sol", "carbone", "carbone organique total", "carbone organique", "Extraction_DIG", "BDInfraSIG", "WalOnMap", "Reporting INSPIRE", "Open Data", "PanierTelechargementGeoportailNO", "Digital Soil Mapping", "carbiosol", "carbosol", "teneur en carbone", "Aardewerk", "horizon de surface", "sol", "COSW", "DTM", "mod\u00e9lisation", "COT", "CO2", "horizon de sol", "Sols", "R\u00e9gional", "Observation de la terre et environnement", "2023/138"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "Helpdesk carto du SPW (SPW - 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Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de visualisation WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://geoservices.wallonie.be/inspire/atom/SO_Service.xml", "name": "INSPIRE - Sols en Wallonie (BE) - Service de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement", "protocol": "atom:feed", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://metawal.wallonie.be/geonetwork/srv/api/records/ea3a946c-f25e-44b5-be96-dce9bbc93050/attachments/CARBIOSOL__CV_COT_TENEURS_1949_1972.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ea3a946c-f25e-44b5-be96-dce9bbc93050", "name": "item", "description": "ea3a946c-f25e-44b5-be96-dce9bbc93050", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ea3a946c-f25e-44b5-be96-dce9bbc93050"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1949-02-01T00:00:00Z", "1972-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "oai:HAL:tel-03962339v1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-05-31T07:13:39Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Mutualistic tree-frugivore interactions in Afrotropical forests : from local ecological knowledge to the identification of network interaction patterns", "description": "unspecifiedDans les for\u00eats tropicales la frugivorie est un processus \u00e9cologique majeur, car la plupart des esp\u00e8ces d'arbres d\u00e9pendent des frugivores pour leur dispersion, et de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces animales utilisent les fruits comme principales sources de nourriture. Cependant, les r\u00e9seaux de frugivorie entre plantes et animaux dans les for\u00eats Afrotropicales sont peu d\u00e9crits, et les m\u00e9canismes qui les fa\u00e7onnent restent largement inexplor\u00e9s. Cette th\u00e8se de doctorat aborde une approche structurelle du r\u00e9seau de frugivorie, une approche plantes-communaut\u00e9s et une approche m\u00e9thodologique utilisant les connaissances \u00e9cologiques locales et les cam\u00e9ras.Le chapitre 1 d\u00e9crit le r\u00e9seau de frugivorie des for\u00eats Afrotropicales, bas\u00e9 sur une compilation des interactions de frugivorie issues de la litt\u00e9rature avec >10 000 interactions - 807 esp\u00e8ces d'arbres et 285 esp\u00e8ces animales. La structure du r\u00e9seau a \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9e avec un latent block model, une m\u00e9thode qui groupe des esp\u00e8ces pr\u00e9sentant des sch\u00e9mas d'interaction similaires et estime les probabilit\u00e9s d'interaction entre elles. Les grands frugivores \u00e9taient les principaux disperseurs de la plupart des arbres et les grands arbres \u00e9taient les principales sources de fruits de la plupart des frugivores. Nos r\u00e9sultats montrent aussi la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 de ce r\u00e9seau de frugivorie et l'int\u00e9grit\u00e9 fragile des for\u00eats Afrotropicales.Le chapitre 2 s'est concentr\u00e9 sur les variations des traits des communaut\u00e9s d'arbres dans les for\u00eats du Bassin du Congo en relation avec les interactions frugivores. Nos r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rences dans les traits li\u00e9s \u00e0 la frugivorie selon les types floristiques, les for\u00eats atlantiques offrant de plus gros fruits, tandis que les for\u00eats du Nord pr\u00e9sentaient une plus grande abondance de petits fruits. Nous avons constat\u00e9 que les chimpanz\u00e9s et les calaos interagissent avec les fruits les plus abondants, les \u00e9l\u00e9phants consomment toujours les plus gros fruits offerts par la communaut\u00e9, tandis que les petits oiseaux consomment les plus petits fruits.Le chapitre 3 s'est concentr\u00e9 sur les connaissances \u00e9cologiques locales (LEK) en rapport avec les interactions de frugivorie. Nous avons utilis\u00e9 un ensemble commun d'arbres et d'esp\u00e8ces de frugivores, afin de comparer les informations provenant des LEK et les connaissances acad\u00e9miques. Les populations locales avaient une connaissance substantielle des relations entre arbres et frugivores, avec 39% de nouvelles interactions, modifiant \u00e9galement la structure du r\u00e9seau de frugivorie, en attribuant en moyenne de plus petits frugivores aux esp\u00e8ces d'arbres.Dans le chapitre 4, l\u2019utilisation de cam\u00e9ras pour enregistrer les interactions entre arbres et frugivores de la communaut\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re des frugivores terrestres du Gabon, a permis d\u2019ajouter plus de 30% de nouvelles interactions. La plupart de ces interactions concernaient les petits frugivores comme les rongeurs, mais aussi les grands mammif\u00e8res comme les \u00e9l\u00e9phants et les gorilles. Ces r\u00e9sultats montrent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de poursuivre les recherches sur les interactions arbres-frugivores mais aussi d'int\u00e9grer d'autres sources compl\u00e9mentaires pour appr\u00e9cier la complexit\u00e9 des r\u00e9seaux mutualistes.Ce travail de th\u00e8se a permis de comprendre les diff\u00e9rents m\u00e9canismes qui r\u00e9gissent les interactions entre les arbres et les frugivores, notamment l'importance de la distribution spatiale des esp\u00e8ces et leurs traits biologiques. Nous avons \u00e9galement mis en \u00e9vidence des biais concernant les donn\u00e9es, la plupart des \u00e9tudes portant sur des esp\u00e8ces embl\u00e9matiques et certaines zones, et concernant les diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes, les cam\u00e9ras se concentrant sur les frugivores terrestres et le LEK \u00e9tant born\u00e9 par les connaissances acad\u00e9miques. Ces r\u00e9sultats nous ont permis de formuler des recommandations pour contrer ces biais, dont la diversification des m\u00e9thodes d'\u00e9chantillonnage des interactions, notamment en collaborant avec les populations locales dans diverses zones Afrotropicales.", "keywords": ["For\u00eats tropicales africaines", "African tropical forest", "Defaunation", "Frugivorie", "\u00c9cologie des communaut\u00e9s", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Frugivory", "Community ecology", "15. 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