{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:57:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-29", "title": "Impacts of forests and forestation on hydrological services in the Andes: A systematic review", "description": "Abstract   Several Andean countries have planned to restore forest cover in degraded land to enhance the provision of multiple ecosystem services in response to international commitments such as the Bonn Challenge. Hydrological services, e.g. water supply, hydrological regulation and erosion mitigation, are particularly important to sustain the life of more than fifty million Andean people. While rapid and important forest cover changes have occurred during recent decades, critical information on the impact of forestation on hydrological services has not yet been synthesized in the context of Andean ecosystems. We define forestation as the establishment of forest by plantation or natural regeneration on areas that either had forest in the past or not. To help improve decision-making on forestation in the Andes, we reviewed the available literature concerning the impacts of forestation on water supply, hydrological regulation and mitigation of erosion and landslides. We also examined available data on the most relevant hydrological processes such as infiltration, evapotranspiration and runoff in forest stands. Hydrological services from native forests were also included as a reference state for comparing processes and services provided by forestation. Following systematic review protocols, we synthesized 155 studies using different methods, including meta-analyses and meta-regressions. Results show that forestation has had clear impacts on degraded soils, through reducing water erosion of soils and risk of moderate floods, increasing soil infiltration rate by 8 and topsoil organic matter (SOM). We found that 20\u202fyears of tree plantation was sufficient to recover infiltration rate and sediment yield close to the levels of native forests whereas SOM, soil water storage and surface runoff of native forests could not be recovered by forestation in the time scales examined. The benefits in terms of hydrological regulation are at the expense of a reduction in total water supply since forest cover was associated with higher water use in most Andean regions. Forestation with native species was underrepresented in the reviewed studies. The impact of forestation on landslides has also been largely overlooked in the Andes. At high elevations, exotic tree plantations on Andean grasslands (e.g. paramo and puna) had the most detrimental consequences since these grasslands showed an excellent capacity for hydrological regulation and erosion mitigation but also a water yield up to 40% higher than tree plantations. People engaged in forest restoration initiative should be aware that hydrological services may take some time for society and the environment to show clear benefits after forestation.", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "Pine plantations", "forest rehabilitation", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 physicochimique du sol", "550", "F40 - \u00c9cologie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "Monitoring", "Ecosystem service", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "ecological restoration", "05 Environmental Sciences", "systematic reviews", "0207 environmental engineering", "forest cover", "hydrology", "02 engineering and technology", "hydrologie", "01 natural sciences", "630", "cycle hydrologique", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3062", "for\u00eat", "K01 - Foresterie - Consid\u00e9rations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales", "11. 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Climate action", "degraded land", "07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3731"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00341.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-31T06:59:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-16", "title": "Land-Use Effects On The Distribution Of Soil Organic Carbon Within Particle-Size Fractions Of Volcanic Soils In The Transmexican Volcanic Belt (Mexico)", "description": "Abstract<p>The aim of this study was to determine the effect of land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use and forest cover depletion on the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) within particle\uffe2\uff80\uff90size fractions in a volcanic soil. Emphasis was given to the thermal properties of soils. Six representative sites in Mexico were selected in an area dominated by Andosols: a grassland site, four forested sites with different levels of degradation and an agricultural site. Soils were fractionated using ultrasonic energy until complete dispersion was achieved. The particle\uffe2\uff80\uff90size fractions were coarse sand, fine sand, silt, clay and particulate organic matter from the coarse sand sized fraction (POM\uffe2\uff80\uff90CS) and fine sand (POM\uffe2\uff80\uff90FS). Soil organic carbon decreased by 70% after forest conversion to cropland and long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term cultivation; forest cover loss resulted in a decrease in SOC of up to 60%. The grassland soil contained 45% more SOC than the cropland one. Soil organic carbon was mainly associated with the silt\uffe2\uff80\uff90size fraction; the most sensitive fractions to land\uffe2\uff80\uff90use change and forest cover depletion were POM followed by SOC associated with the silt and clay\uffe2\uff80\uff90sized fractions. Particulate organic matter can be used as an early indicator of SOC loss. The C lost from the clay and silt\uffe2\uff80\uff90sized fractions was thermally labile; therefore, the SOC stored in the more degraded forest soils was more recalcitrant (thermally resistant). Only the transformation of forest to agricultural land produced a similar loss of thermally stable C associated with the silt\uffe2\uff80\uff90sized fraction.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "thermal analyses", "550", "forest cover depletion", "[SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology", "soil physical fractionation", "Andosols", "Soil physical fractionation", "Thermal analyses", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology", "Forest cover depletion", "Andosol", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00341.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00341.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00341.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00341.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "ce68a980-88fd-11da-a88f-000d939bc5d8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[102.34, 10.42], [102.34, 14.7], [107.63, 14.7], [107.63, 10.42], [102.34, 10.42]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "economy"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}], "updated": "2019-11-22T14:39:14", "language": "eng", "title": "Inventaire forestier des terres basses du versant occidental des monts Cardamones", "description": "Include:\nSols et utilisation des terres,\nTypes forestiers et plan d'exploitation forestiere.", "formats": [{"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download"}], "keywords": ["Forestry and Vegetation", "Forest Cover", "Forestry", "Soil Types", "Land Use", "Cambodia"], "contacts": [{"name": "Platteborze, A.", "organization": null, "position": null, "roles": ["originator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": null}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "FAO - 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