{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1071/sr04023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-15", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration And Density Distribution In A Vertosol Under Different Farming Practices", "description": "<p>  Abstract Agricultural soils play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycling and can act as a significant C sink if managed properly. The long-term (33 years) effects of no till (NT) v. conventional till (CT), stubble retention (SR) v. stubble burning (SB), and N fertiliser application (NF) v. nil N fertilisation (N0) on soil organic C sequestration, and their seasonal variations during the fallow period, were studied in a winter cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff93summer fallow cropping system under semi-arid subtropical climate in Queensland, Australia. The function of different density fractions of soil organic C in determining total organic C (TOC) dynamics and sequestration was investigated. Significant effect of NT, SR, or NF on soil organic C level was observed only in the top 10 cm soil and when they were practiced together, with the TOC contents being 1.1 to 3.4 t/ha higher under NT + NF + SR than under other treatments. There were significant seasonal fluctuations in TOC contents at different stages of the fallow period, and the lowest levels of TOC and treatment effects were observed in the late fallow period. Density fractionation of soil organic C showed that light fraction C (&lt;1.6 g/cm3) declined rapidly during the fallow period and did not accumulate substantially in soil. TOC dynamics, either as a consequence of seasonal variations or as a long-term response to different farming practices, were predominantly controlled by the changes in the heavy fraction C (&gt;1.6 g/cm3). </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrogen", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Light fraction", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Global change", "1111 Soil Science", "Stubble retention", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr04023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr04023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr04023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr04023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr18271", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-26", "title": "Impacts of land use on hydrodynamic properties and pore architecture of volcanic soils from the Mexican Highlands", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Volcanic soils are important resources because of their unique mineralogical and physical characteristics, and allophanic Andosols represent some of the world\u2019s most fertile soils. However, their unique properties can be lost when cultivated. Most soils in the Central Valley, Mexico, are derived from volcanic materials. This valley encompasses one of the largest water supply systems in the world by volume, but is affected by soil degradation and deforestation. Sustainably managing volcanic soils requires understanding how land use affects their hydrodynamic properties. Gas adsorption and mercury intrusion porosimetry, water retention curves, tension infiltrometry and X-ray tomography were used to describe pore structure characteristics. Two volcanic soils (one Andosol and one derived from indurated tuff \u2013 Tepetates), three land uses (maize monoculture, maize\u2013wheat rotation and fallow) and two horizons (Ap and A2 for maize monoculture and maize\u2013wheat rotation) were studied. Tillage affected topsoil by increasing the sand fraction by 38% and decreasing total porosity and macroporosity by 23% and 40% respectively. Macropore size was reduced and the number of isolated macropores was higher in the tilled layer under maize, compared with untilled subsoil. The plot under maize\u2013wheat rotation had lower allophane content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity was reduced by nearly an order of magnitude and water retention by half, compared with maize and fallow plots. Compared with Andosols, Tepetates showed differences in mineralogical composition with lower contents of amorphous compounds and in its porous network characteristics with twice the total and percolating macroporosity compared with the maize plot. Its high content of organic carbon (3.5%) seemed beneficial for its hydrodynamic properties. Sustainable agricultural management of these volcanic soils requires reducing mechanised tillage, avoiding periods when soil is bare, not applying maize\u2013wheat rotation and applying maize\u2013fallow rotation allowing natural vegetation growth.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "pore size distribution", "13. Climate action", "Andosol; pore size distribution; X-ray tomography", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "X-ray tomography", "Andosol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr18271"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr18271", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr18271", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr18271"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr18210", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Effect of long-term irrigation and tillage practices on X-ray CT and gas transport derived pore-network characteristics", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p> The gas transport parameters, diffusivity and air-filled porosity are crucial for soil aeration, microbial activity and greenhouse gas emission, and directly depend on soil structure. In this study, we analysed the effect of long-term tillage and irrigation practices on the surface structure of an arable soil in New Zealand. Our hypothesis was that topsoil structure would change under intensification of arable production, affecting gas exchange. Intact soil cores were collected from plots under intensive tillage (IT) and direct drill (DD), irrigated or rainfed. In total, 32 cores were scanned by X-ray computed tomography (CT) to derive the pore network &amp;gt;30\u00b5m. The cores were then used to measure soil-gas diffusivity, air-permeability and air-filled porosity of pores close to the resolution of the X-ray CT scans, namely \u226530\u00b5m. The gas measurements allow the calculation of pore-network connectivity and tortuosity parameters, which were compared with the CT-derived structural characteristics. Long-term irrigation had little effect on any of the parameters analysed. Total porosity tended to be lower under IT than DD, whereas the CT-derived porosity was comparable. Both the CT-derived mean pore diameter (MPD) and other morphological parameters, as well as gas measurement-derived parameters, highlighted a less developed structure under IT. The differences in the functional pore-network structure were attributed to SOC depletion and the mechanical disturbance through IT. Significant correlations between CT-derived parameters and functional gas transport parameters such as tortuosity and MPD were found, which suggest that X-ray CT could be useful in the prediction of gas transport. </p></article>", "keywords": ["AGRICULTURE", "soil structure.", "P-parameter", "Soil structure", "carbon depletion", "MANAGEMENT", "COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY", "PERMEABILITY", "CONSERVATION TILLAGE", "Dexter index", "Intensive tillage", "SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON", "carbon depletion; Dexter index; intensive tillage; P -parameter; soil organic carbon; soil structure.; Environmental Science (miscellaneous); Soil Science; Earth-Surface Processes", "P -parameter", "LOAM SOIL", "Soil organic carbon", "POROSITY", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil organic carbon", "NO-TILL", "NITROGEN", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon depletion", "soil structure", "intensive tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.publish.csiro.au/SR/pdf/SR18210"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr18210"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr18210", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr18210", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr18210"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr18293", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-21", "title": "Orchard management and preferential flow in Andosols \u2013 comparing two kiwifruit orchards in New Zealand", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Sustainable horticulture depends on the integrity of soil functions, which directly depend on soil architecture affecting aggregation, root growth, as well as liquid and gas permeability. We hypothesised that changes in soil architecture resulting from feedback mechanisms between management, soil organic carbon contents (SOC), biota and vegetation can be captured with X-ray computed tomography (CT), and that these affect the soil filtering function, which thus, can be manipulated through orchard management. We compared the transport of copper, a widely used fungicide, through intact soil cores from vine rows of kiwifruit orchards under organic and integrated management. We first derived 3D-macropore characteristics from CT-images, followed by leaching a pulse of copper and a tracer through the same cores. The organic orchard soil had a significantly higher SOC content than the integrated orchard soil, and this was positively correlated with total porosity. Macropores (&amp;gt;92 \u00b5m) were larger with a higher connectivity, but significantly fewer in the organic than the integrated orchard soil. This resulted in a lower macroporosity and a better copper filtering capacity of the organic than the integrated orchard soil. Copper distribution was reasonably predicted when combining SOC contents, pH and macropore characteristics. Significant relationships between soil parameters and indicators of the strength of preferential flow verified that CT-derived macropore characteristics can be used to predict functional solute transport parameters. The relevance of our results and relationships observed between macropore characteristics, functional indicators of preferential flow and the fate of copper needs verification with samples representing more soils and sites.</p></article>", "keywords": ["X-ray computed tomography", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "carbon", "computed tomography", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "X-ray", "kiwifruit orchard", "soil architecture", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "filtering function", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.publish.csiro.au/SR/pdf/SR18293"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr18293"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr18293", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr18293", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr18293"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr21268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-18", "title": "Lessons from a landmark 1991 article on soil structure: distinct precedence of non-destructive assessment and benefits of fresh perspectives in soil research", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>In 1991, at the launch of a national symposium devoted to soil structure, the Australian Society of Soil Science invited Professor John Letey to deliver a keynote address, which was later published in the society\u2019s journal. In his lecture, he shared the outcome of his reflexion about what the assessment of soil structure should amount to, in order to produce useful insight into the functioning of soils. His viewpoint was that the focus should be put on the openings present in the structure, rather than on the chunks of material resulting from its mechanical dismantlement. In the present article, we provide some historical background for Letey\u2019s analysis, and try to explain why it took a number of years for the paradigm shift that he advocated to begin to occur. Over the last decade, his perspective that soil structure needs to be characterised via non-destructive methods appears to have gained significant momentum, which is likely to increase further in the near future, as we take advantage of recent technological advances. Other valuable lessons that one can derive from Letey\u2019s pioneering article relate to the extreme value for everyone, even neophytes, to constantly ask questions about where research on given topics is heading, what its goals are, and whether the methods that are used at a certain time are optimal.</p></article>", "keywords": ["570", "soil image analysis", "soil microorganisms", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil measuring", "earthworms", "micromorphology", "Aggregate stability", "Soil functions", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Soil fauna", "soil organic matter", "Earthworms", "Micromorphology", "Computed tomography", "aggregate stability", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "soil measuring", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "computed tomography", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil functions", "15. Life on land", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil image analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil fauna", "earthworms; micromorphology", "Soil microorganisms"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr21268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr21268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr21268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr21268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15460", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-29", "title": "Leaching of dissolved organic carbon from mineral soils plays a significant role in the terrestrial carbon balance", "description": "Abstract<p>The leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soils to the river network is an overlooked component of the terrestrial soil C budget. Measurements of DOC concentrations in soil, runoff and drainage are scarce and their spatial distribution highly skewed towards industrialized countries. The contribution of terrestrial DOC leaching to the global\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale C balance of terrestrial ecosystems thus remains poorly constrained. Here, using a process based, integrative, modelling approach to upscale from existing observations, we estimate a global terrestrial DOC leaching flux of 0.28\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.07\uffc2\uffa0Gt\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 which is conservative, as it only includes the contribution of mineral soils. Our results suggest that globally about 15% of the terrestrial Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP, calculated as the difference between Net Primary Production and soil respiration) is exported to aquatic systems as leached DOC. In the tropical rainforest, the leached fraction of terrestrial NEP even reaches 22%. Furthermore, we simulated spatial\uffe2\uff80\uff90temporal trends in DOC leaching from soil to the river networks from 1860 to 2010. We estimated a global increase in terrestrial DOC inputs to river network of 35\uffc2\uffa0Tg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffa0year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (14%) from 1860 to 2010. Despite their low global contribution to the DOC leaching flux, boreal regions have the highest relative increase (28%) while tropics have the lowest relative increase (9%) over the historical period (1860s compared to 2000s). The results from our observationally constrained model approach demonstrate that DOC leaching is a significant flux in the terrestrial C budget at regional and global scales.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Ecologie", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "mineral soils", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "dissolved organic carbon", "01 natural sciences", "Environnement et pollution", "leaching", "terrestrial carbon balance", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "global terrestrial carbon", "contr\u00f4le de la pollution", "Technologie de l'environnement", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15460"}, {"href": "https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/320463/3/Nakhavali_GCB_20.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15460"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15460", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15460", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15460"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-06", "title": "Feasibility of the 4 per 1000 aspirational target for soil carbon: A case study for France", "description": "Abstract<p>Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is a promising way to mitigate the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Based on a simple ratio between CO2 anthropogenic emissions and SOC stocks worldwide, it has been suggested that a 0.4% (4 per 1000) yearly increase in SOC stocks could compensate for current anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Here, we used a reverse RothC modelling approach to estimate the amount of C inputs to soils required to sustain current SOC stocks and to increase them by 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 per year over a period of 30\uffc2\uffa0years. We assessed the feasibility of this aspirational target first by comparing the required C input with net primary productivity (NPP) flowing to the soil, and second by considering the SOC saturation concept. Calculations were performed for mainland France, at a 1\uffc2\uffa0km grid cell resolution. Results showed that a 30%\uffe2\uff80\uff9340% increase in C inputs to soil would be needed to obtain a 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 increase per year over a 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90year period. 88.4% of cropland areas were considered unsaturated in terms of mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated SOC, but characterized by a below target C balance, that is, less NPP available than required to reach the 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 aspirational target. Conversely, 90.4% of unimproved grasslands were characterized by an above target C balance, that is, enough NPP to reach the 4\uffe2\uff80\uffb0 objective, but 59.1% were also saturated. The situation of improved grasslands and forests was more evenly distributed among the four categories (saturated vs. unsaturated and above vs below target C balance). Future data from soil monitoring networks should enable to validate these results. Overall, our results suggest that, for mainland France, priorities should be (1) to increase NPP returns in cropland soils that are unsaturated and have a below target carbon balance and (2) to preserve SOC stocks in other land uses.</p", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Carbon Sequestration", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "RothC", "01 natural sciences", "630", "climate change mitigation", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "4 per 1000", "net primary productivity", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Primary Research Articles", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Carbon", "soil organic carbon", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "SOC saturation", "Feasibility Studies", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "France", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15547", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15547"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15441", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-07", "title": "Ensemble modelling, uncertainty and robust predictions of organic carbon in long\u2010term bare\u2010fallow soils", "description": "Abstract<p>Simulation models represent soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in global carbon (C) cycle scenarios to support climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change studies. It is imperative to increase confidence in long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term predictions of SOC dynamics by reducing the uncertainty in model estimates. We evaluated SOC simulated from an ensemble of 26 process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based C models by comparing simulations to experimental data from seven long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term bare\uffe2\uff80\uff90fallow (vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff90free) plots at six sites: Denmark (two sites), France, Russia, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The decay of SOC in these plots has been monitored for decades since the last inputs of plant material, providing the opportunity to test decomposition without the continuous input of new organic material. The models were run independently over multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90year simulation periods (from 28 to 80\uffc2\uffa0years) in a blind test with no calibration (Bln) and with the following three calibration scenarios, each providing different levels of information and/or allowing different levels of model fitting: (a) calibrating decomposition parameters separately at each experimental site (Spe); (b) using a generic, knowledge\uffe2\uff80\uff90based, parameterization applicable in the Central European region (Gen); and (c) using a combination of both (a) and (b) strategies (Mix). We addressed uncertainties from different modelling approaches with or without spin\uffe2\uff80\uff90up initialization of SOC. Changes in the multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90model median (MMM) of SOC were used as descriptors of the ensemble performance. On average across sites, Gen proved adequate in describing changes in SOC, with MMM equal to average SOC (and standard deviation) of 39.2 (\uffc2\uffb115.5)\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha compared to the observed mean of 36.0 (\uffc2\uffb119.7)\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha (last observed year), indicating sufficiently reliable SOC estimates. Moving to Mix (37.5\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa016.7\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha) and Spe (36.8\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa019.8\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C/ha) provided only marginal gains in accuracy, but modellers would need to apply more knowledge and a greater calibration effort than in Gen, thereby limiting the wider applicability of models.</p", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "330", "550", "Supplementary Data", "soil organic carbon dynamics", "QH301 Biology", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil organic carbon dynamics", "bare\u2010fallow soils", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630", "protocol for model comparison", "Russia", "QH301", "Soil", "NE/M021327/1", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Environmental Chemistry", "774378", "process based models", "European Commission", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "General Environmental Science", "Sweden", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "NE/P019455/1", "bare-fallow soils", "Uncertainty", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "United Kingdom", "process-based models", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "bare-fallow soils; model parametrization; process-based models; protocol for model comparison; soil organic carbon dynamics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "774124", "France", "bare fallow soils", "model parametrization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/809186/2/GCB-20-1834_Proof_fl.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15441"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15441"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15441", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15441", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15441"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15577", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-04", "title": "Classifying human influences on terrestrial ecosystems", "description": "Abstract<p>Human activity is affecting every ecosystem on Earth, with terrestrial biodiversity decreasing rapidly. Human influences materialize in the form of numerous, jointly acting factors, yet the experimental study of such joint impacts is not well developed. We identify the absence of a systematic ordering system of factors according to their properties (traits) as an impediment to progress and offer an a priori trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90based factor classification to illustrate this point, starting at the coarsest level with the physical, biological or chemical nature of factors. Such factor classifications can serve in communication of science, but also can be used as heuristic tools to develop questions and formulate new hypotheses, or as predictors of effects, which we explore here. We hope that classifications such as the one proposed here can help shift the spotlight on the multitude of anthropogenic changes affecting ecosystems, and that such classifications can be used to help unravel joint impacts of a great number of factors.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "trait\u2010based factor classification", "Earth", " Planet", "factors", "Biodiversity", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "15. Life on land", "science communication", "03 medical and health sciences", "classification", "13. Climate action", "research synthesis", "Humans", "Human Activities", "multiple factors", "Ecosystem", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.15577"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15577"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.15577", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.15577", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.15577"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.16537", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-29", "title": "Challenges in upscaling laboratory studies to ecosystems in soil microbiology research", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil microbiology has entered into the big data era, but the challenges in bridging laboratory\uffe2\uff80\uff90, field\uffe2\uff80\uff90, and model\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies of ecosystem functions still remain. Indeed, the limitation of factors in laboratory experiments disregards interactions of a broad range of in situ environmental drivers leading to frequent contradictions between laboratory\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies, which may consequently mislead model development and projections. Upscaling soil microbiology research from laboratory to ecosystems represents one of the grand challenges facing environmental scientists, but with great potential to inform policymakers toward climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90smart and resource\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficient ecosystems. The upscaling is not only a scale problem, but also requires disentangling functional relationships and processes on each level. We point to three potential reasons for the gaps between laboratory\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies (i.e., spatiotemporal dynamics, sampling disturbances, and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbial feedbacks), and three key issues of caution when bridging observations and model predictions (i.e., across\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale effect, complex\uffe2\uff80\uff90process coupling, and multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90factor regulation). Field\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies only cover a limited range of environmental variation that must be supplemented by laboratory and mesocosm manipulative studies when revealing the underlying mechanisms. The knowledge gaps in upscaling soil microbiology from laboratory to ecosystems should motivate interdisciplinary collaboration across experimental, observational, theoretic, and modeling research.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "field in situ observation", "0303 health sciences", "soil biogeochemistry", "microbial-based models", "Models", " Theoretical", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "soil microbiology", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "laboratory incubation", "13. Climate action", "Perspective", "global change factors", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16537"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.16537", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.16537", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.16537"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.17268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-02", "title": "Microbial evolution\u2014An under\u2010appreciated driver of soil carbon cycling", "description": "Abstract<p>Although substantial advances in predicting the ecological impacts of global change have been made, predictions of the evolutionary impacts have lagged behind. In soil ecosystems, microbes act as the primary energetic drivers of carbon cycling; however, microbes are also capable of evolving on timescales comparable to rates of global change. Given the importance of soil ecosystems in global carbon cycling, we assess the potential impact of microbial evolution on carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff90climate feedbacks in this system. We begin by reviewing the current state of knowledge concerning microbial evolution in response to global change and its specific effect on soil carbon dynamics. Through this integration, we synthesize a roadmap detailing how to integrate microbial evolution into ecosystem biogeochemical models. Specifically, we highlight the importance of microscale mechanistic soil carbon models, including choosing an appropriate evolutionary model (e.g., adaptive dynamics, quantitative genetics), validating model predictions with \uffe2\uff80\uff98omics\uffe2\uff80\uff99 and experimental data, scaling microbial adaptations to ecosystem level processes, and validating with ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale measurements. The proposed steps will require significant investment of scientific resources and might require 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff89years to be fully implemented. However, through the application of multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale integrated approaches, we will advance the integration of microbial evolution into predictive understanding of ecosystems, providing clarity on its role and impact within the broader context of environmental change.</p", "keywords": ["cycle evolution global change microbe", "570", "550", "Climate", "Evolutionsbiologi", "Soil", "biogeochemistry", "carbon cycle", "evolution", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Soil Microbiology", "Ekologi", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Evolutionary Biology", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "cycle", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "microbe", "Biological sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.17268"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.17268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.17268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.17268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.17305", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-05-07", "title": "Meta\u2010analysis reveals that the effects of precipitation change on soil and litter fauna in forests depend on body size", "description": "Abstract<p>Anthropogenic climate change is altering precipitation regimes at a global scale. While precipitation changes have been linked to changes in the abundance and diversity of soil and litter invertebrate fauna in forests, general trends have remained elusive due to mixed results from primary studies. We used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis based on 430 comparisons from 38 primary studies to address associated knowledge gaps, (i) quantifying impacts of precipitation change on forest soil and litter fauna abundance and diversity, (ii) exploring reasons for variation in impacts and (iii) examining biases affecting the realism and accuracy of experimental studies. Precipitation reductions led to a decrease of 39% in soil and litter fauna abundance, with a 35% increase in abundance under precipitation increases, while diversity impacts were smaller. A statistical model containing an interaction between body size and the magnitude of precipitation change showed that mesofauna (e.g. mites, collembola) responded most to changes in precipitation. Changes in taxonomic richness were related solely to the magnitude of precipitation change. Our results suggest that body size is related to the ability of a taxon to survive under drought conditions, or to benefit from high precipitation. We also found that most experiments manipulated precipitation in a way that aligns better with predicted extreme climatic events than with predicted average annual changes in precipitation and that the experimental plots used in experiments were likely too small to accurately capture changes for mobile taxa. The relationship between body size and response to precipitation found here has far\uffe2\uff80\uff90reaching implications for our ability to predict future responses of soil biodiversity to climate change and will help to produce more realistic mechanistic soil models which aim to simulate the responses of soils to global change.</p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Climate Change", "Rain", "evidence synthesis", "drought", "Biodiversity", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "meta-analysis", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil", "[SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Bioclimatology", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "Body Size", "precipitation change", "soil fauna"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17305"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.17305", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.17305", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.17305"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/aaeae7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-24", "title": "Using research networks to create the comprehensive datasets needed to assess nutrient availability as a key determinant of terrestrial carbon cycling", "description": "Open AccessA wide range of research shows that nutrient availability strongly influences terrestrial carbon (C) cycling and shapes ecosystem responses to environmental changes and hence terrestrial feedbacks to climate. Nonetheless, our understanding of nutrient controls remains far from complete and poorly quantified, at least partly due to a lack of informative, comparable, and accessible datasets at regional-to-global scales. A growing research infrastructure of multi-site networks are providing valuable data on C fluxes and stocks and are monitoring their responses to global environmental change and measuring responses to experimental treatments. These networks thus provide an opportunity for improving our understanding of C-nutrient cycle interactions and our ability to model them. However, coherent information on how nutrient cycling interacts with observed C cycle patterns is still generally lacking. Here, we argue that complementing available C-cycle measurements from monitoring and experimental sites with data characterizing nutrient availability will greatly enhance their power and will improve our capacity to forecast future trajectories of terrestrial C cycling and climate. Therefore, we propose a set of complementary measurements that are relatively easy to conduct routinely at any site or experiment and that, in combination with C cycle observations, can provide a robust characterization of the effects of nutrient availability across sites. In addition, we discuss the power of different observable variables for informing the formulation of models and constraining their predictions. Most widely available measurements of nutrient availability often do not align well with current modelling needs. This highlights the importance to foster the interaction between the empirical and modelling communities for setting future research priorities.", "keywords": ["Global vegetation models", "550", "manipulation experiments", "Terrestrial-Aquatic Linkages", "Kolefni", "01 natural sciences", "Nutrient cycle", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Terrestrial ecosystem", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "Jar\u00f0vegur", "Environmental resource management", "Global change", "General Environmental Science", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "Carbon-nutrient cycle interactions", "2. Zero hunger", "Data syntheses", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Geography", "Physics", "Life Sciences", "Application of Stable Isotopes in Trophic Ecology", "Cycling", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Chemistry", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "Nutrient availability", "NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY", "Ecosystem Functioning", "570", "LAND", "TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST", "carbon-nutrient cycle interactions", "data syntheses", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "SOIL-PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY", "global vegetation models", "SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "nutrients", "USE EFFICIENCY", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "GLOBAL CHANGE", "Key (lock)", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "Manipulation experiments", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Renewable Energy", " Sustainability and the Environment", "Ecosystem Structure", "Public Health", " Environmental and Occupational Health", "Nutrients", "15. Life on land", "Computer science", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NITROGEN-FIXATION", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient Limitation", "ELEVATED CO2", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeae7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/aaeae7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/aaeae7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeae7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-12-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-20", "title": "Effects Of Warming And Drought On Potential N2o Emissions And Denitrifying Bacteria Abundance In Grasslands With Different Land-Use", "description": "Increased warming in spring and prolonged summer drought may alter soil microbial denitrification. We measured potential denitrification activity and denitrifier marker gene abundances (nirK, nirS, nosZ) in grasslands soils in three geographic regions characterized by site-specific land-use indices (LUI) after warming in spring, at an intermediate sampling and after summer drought. Potential denitrification was significantly increased by warming, but did not persist over the intermediate sampling. At the intermediate sampling, the relevance of grassland land-use intensity was reflected by increased potential N2O production at sites with higher LUI. Abundances of total bacteria did not respond to experimental warming or drought treatments, displaying resilience to minor and short-term effects of climate change. In contrast, nirS- and nirK-type denitrifiers were more influenced by drought in combination with LUI and pH, while the nosZ abundance responded to the summer drought manipulation. Land-use was a strong driver for potential denitrification as grasslands with higher LUI also had greater potentials for N2O emissions. We conclude that both warming and drought affected the denitrifying communities and the potential denitrification in grassland soils. However, these effects are overruled by regional and site-specific differences in soil chemical and physical properties which are also related to grassland land-use intensity.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "Climate Change", "Microbial Consortia", "580 Plants (Botany)", "Nitric Oxide", "142-005 142-005", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "potential N2O emissions", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "2402 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology", "use index", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Biodiversity Exploratories", "denitrification", "Bacteria", "2404 Microbiology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "land", "climate change", "Genes", " Bacterial", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grassland", "microbial community", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiv066"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/FEMS%20Microbiology%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/femsec/fiv066", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/femsec/fiv066"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-06-29", "title": "Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale", "description": "Abstract                <p>Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO2 release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China. We observe an overall decrease in SIC stocks in topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm) (11.33\uffc2\uffa0g C m\uffe2\uff80\uff932 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) from the 1980s to the 2010s. Total SIC stocks have decreased by \uffe2\uff88\uffbc8.99\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa02.24% (1.37\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb1\uffc2\uffa00.37\uffc2\uffa0Pg C). The average SIC losses across China (0.046 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and in cropland (0.016 Pg C yr\uffe2\uff80\uff931) account for \uffe2\uff88\uffbc17.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff9324.0% of the terrestrial C sink and 57.1% of the soil organic carbon sink in cropland, respectively. Nitrogen deposition and climate change have profound influences on SIC cycling. We estimate that \uffe2\uff88\uffbc19.12%\uffe2\uff80\uff9319.47% of SIC stocks will be further lost by 2100. The consumption of SIC may offset a large portion of global efforts aimed at ecosystem carbon sequestration, which emphasizes the importance of achieving a better understanding of the indirect coupling mechanisms of nitrogen and carbon cycling and of effective countermeasures to minimize SIC loss.</p", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Cartography", "China", "Mechanics and Transport in Unsaturated Soils", "Carbonate", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "soil inorganic carbon stocks", "Soil pH", "Environmental science", "Carbon sink", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "carbonate", "Engineering", "Soil water", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Biology", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Soil acidification", "Civil and Structural Engineering", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Ecology", "Geography", "Soil Water Retention", "Life Sciences", "Cycling", "Forestry", "Carbon cycle", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Soil carbon", "Chemistry", "Sink (geography)", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil acidification", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwab120"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/National%20Science%20Review", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/nsr/nwab120", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/nsr/nwab120"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-02-05", "title": "Seasonal and elevational variability in the induction of specialized compounds from mountain birch (Betula pubescens var. pumila) by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata).", "description": "Abstract                <p>The mountain birch [Betula pubescens var. pumila (L.)] forest in the Subarctic is periodically exposed to insect outbreaks, which are expected to intensify due to climate change. To mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses, plants have evolved chemical defenses, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-volatile specialized compounds (NVSCs). Constitutive and induced production of these compounds, however, are poorly studied in Subarctic populations of mountain birch. Here, we assessed the joint effects of insect herbivory, elevation and season on foliar VOC emissions and NVSC contents of mountain birch. The VOCs were sampled in situ by an enclosure technique and analyzed by gas chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry. NVSCs were analyzed by liquid chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry using an untargeted approach. At low elevation, experimental herbivory by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata) increased emissions of monoterpenes and homoterpenes over the 3-week feeding period, and sesquiterpenes and green leaf volatiles at the end of the feeding period. At high elevation, however, herbivory augmented only homoterpene emissions. The more pronounced herbivory effects at low elevation were likely due to higher herbivory intensity. Of the individual compounds, linalool, ocimene, 4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, 2-methyl butanenitrile and benzyl nitrile were among the most responsive compounds in herbivory treatments. Herbivory also altered foliar NVSC profiles at both low and high elevations, with the most responsive compounds likely belonging to fatty acyl glycosides and terpene glycosides. Additionally, VOC emissions from non-infested branches were higher at high than low elevation, particularly during the early season, which was mainly driven by phenological differences. The VOC emissions varied substantially over the season, largely reflecting the seasonal variations in temperature and light levels. Our results suggest that if insect herbivory pressure continues to rise in the mountain birch forest with ongoing climate change, it will significantly increase VOC emissions with important consequences for local trophic interactions and climate.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "0303 health sciences", "secondary metabolites", "VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480", "plant\u2013insect interactions", "Moths", "15. Life on land", "geometrid moth", "Plant Leaves", "03 medical and health sciences", "biotic stress", "13. Climate action", "volatile organic compounds", "Larva", "8. Economic growth", "11. Sustainability", "VDP::Zoology and botany: 480", "Animals", "Herbivory", "Seasons", "global change", "Betula", "Research Paper"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://academic.oup.com/treephys/article-pdf/41/6/1019/38497290/tpab023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/tpab023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/tpab023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-16", "title": "Drought Effects On Litterfall, Wood Production And Belowground Carbon Cycling In An Amazon Forest: Results Of A Throughfall Reduction Experiment", "description": "<p>             The Amazon Basin experiences severe droughts that may become more common in the future. Little is known of the effects of such droughts on Amazon forest productivity and carbon allocation. We tested the prediction that severe drought decreases litterfall and wood production but potentially has multiple cancelling effects on belowground production within a 7-year partial throughfall exclusion experiment. We simulated an approximately 35\uffe2\uff80\uff9341% reduction in effective rainfall from 2000 through 2004 in a 1\uffe2\uff80\uff8aha plot and compared forest response with a similar control plot. Wood production was the most sensitive component of above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) to drought, declining by 13% the first year and up to 62% thereafter. Litterfall declined only in the third year of drought, with a maximum difference of 23% below the control plot. Soil CO             2             efflux and its             14             C signature showed no significant treatment response, suggesting similar amounts and sources of belowground production. ANPP was similar between plots in 2000 and declined to a low of 41% below the control plot during the subsequent treatment years, rebounding to only a 10% difference during the first post-treatment year. Live aboveground carbon declined by 32.5\uffe2\uff80\uff8aMg\uffe2\uff80\uff8aha             \uffe2\uff88\uff921             through the effects of drought on ANPP and tree mortality. Results of this unreplicated, long-term, large-scale ecosystem manipulation experiment demonstrate that multi-year severe drought can substantially reduce Amazon forest carbon stocks.           </p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "wood production", "above-ground net primary productivity", "drought", "Medical and Health Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "Disasters", "Soil", "Amazon", "litterfall", "global change", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Evolutionary Biology", "Tropical Climate", "Water", "Biological Sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1b27s752/qt1b27s752.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.0031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2007.0031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2007.0031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rspb.2023.1345", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-11-15", "title": "Cessation of grazing causes biodiversity loss and homogenization of soil food webs", "description": "<p>             There is widespread concern that cessation of grazing in historically grazed ecosystems is causing biotic homogenization and biodiversity loss. We used 12 montane grassland sites along an 800 km north\uffe2\uff80\uff93south gradient across the UK, to test whether cessation of grazing affects local             \uffce\uffb1             - and             \uffce\uffb2             -diversity of below-ground food webs. We show cessation of grazing leads to strongly decreased             \uffce\uffb1             -diversity of most groups of soil microbes and fauna, particularly of relatively rare taxa. By contrast, the             \uffce\uffb2             -diversity varied between groups of soil organisms. While most soil microbial communities exhibited increased homogenization after cessation of grazing, we observed decreased homogenization for soil fauna after cessation of grazing. Overall, our results indicate that exclusion of domesticated herbivores from historically grazed montane grasslands has far-ranging negative consequences for diversity of below-ground food webs. This underscores the importance of grazers for maintaining the diversity of below-ground communities, which play a central role in ecosystem functioning.           </p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "Global Change and Conservation", "Food Chain", "soil communities", "Microbiota", "land abandonment", "500", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "biotic homogenization", "long-term experiments", "Soil", "soil microbes", "\u03b1-diversity", "Life Science", "grazing", "soil fauna"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1345"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rspb.2023.1345", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rspb.2023.1345", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rspb.2023.1345"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-10-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1365-2435.12329", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-05", "title": "Interactive Effects Of C, N And P Fertilization On Soil Microbial Community Structure And Function In An Amazonian Rain Forest", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Resource control over abundance, structure and functional diversity of soil microbial communities is a key determinant of soil processes and related ecosystem functioning. Copiotrophic organisms tend to be found in environments which are rich in nutrients, particularly carbon, in contrast to oligotrophs, which survive in much lower carbon concentrations.</p>  <p>We hypothesized that microbial biomass, activity and community structure in nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor soils of an Amazonian rain forest are limited by multiple elements in interaction. We tested this hypothesis with a fertilization experiment by adding C (as cellulose), N (as urea) and P (as phosphate) in all possible combinations to a total of 40 plots of an undisturbed tropical forest in French Guiana.</p>  <p>After 2\uffc2\uffa0years of fertilization, we measured a 47% higher biomass, a 21% increase in substrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced respiration rate and a 5\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold higher rate of decomposition of cellulose paper discs of soil microbial communities that grew in P\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilized plots compared to plots without P fertilization. These responses were amplified with a simultaneous C fertilization suggesting P and C colimitation of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms at our study site.</p>  <p>Moreover, P fertilization modified microbial community structure (PLFAs) to a more copiotrophic bacterial community indicated by a significant decrease in the Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90positive\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0Gram\uffe2\uff80\uff90negative ratio. The Fungi\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0Bacteria ratio increased in N fertilized plots, suggesting that fungi are relatively more limited by N than bacteria. Changes in microbial community structure did not affect rates of general processes such as glucose mineralization and cellulose paper decomposition. In contrast, community level physiological profiles under P fertilization combined with either C or N fertilization or both differed strongly from all other treatments, indicating functionally different microbial communities.</p>  <p>While P appears to be the most critical from the three major elements we manipulated, the strongest effects were observed in combination with either supplementary C or N addition in support of multiple element control on soil microbial functioning and community structure.</p>  <p>We conclude that the soil microbial community in the studied tropical rain forest and the processes it drives is finely tuned by the relative availability in C, N and P. Any shifts in the relative abundance of these key elements may affect spatial and temporal heterogeneity in microbial community structure, their associated functions and the dynamics of C and nutrients in tropical ecosystems.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA)", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "functional significance", "[SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Symbiosis", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "microbial community structure", "ecosystem functioning", "environment/Symbiosis", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "multiple resource limitation", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "phosphorus", "environment/Ecosystems", "soil functioning"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12329"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2435.12329", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2435.12329", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2435.12329"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-09-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1365-2435.12467", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-30", "title": "Subordinate Plants Mitigate Drought Effects On Soil Ecosystem Processes By Stimulating Fungi", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>The subordinate insurance hypothesis suggests that highly diverse communities contain greater numbers of subordinate species than less diverse communities. It has previously been reported that subordinate species can improve grassland productivity during drought, but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined.</p>  <p>Using a combination of subordinate species removal and summer drought, we show that soil processes play a critical role in community resistance to drought. Interestingly, subordinate species drive soil microbial community structure and largely mitigate the effect of drought on grassland soil functioning. Our results highlight subordinate species in shifting the balance within the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) microbial community towards more fungal dominance.</p>  <p>Fungal communities promoted by subordinate species were more resistant to drought and maintained higher rates of litter decomposition and soil respiration. These results emphasize the important role of subordinate species in mitigating drought effects on soil ecosystem functions. Reciprocal effects between fungi and subordinate species explain also how subordinate species better resisted to drought conditions.</p>  <p>Our results point to a delayed plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil feedback following environmental perturbation. Additionally, they extend the diversity insurance hypothesis by showing that more diverse communities not only contain species well adapted to perturbations, but also species with higher impacts on soil microbial communities and related ecosystem functions.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "13. Climate action", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "500", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12467"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1365-2435.12467", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1365-2435.12467", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1365-2435.12467"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-05-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/brv.12639", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-08-06", "title": "Rate of environmental change across scales in ecology", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>The rate of change (RoC) of environmental drivers matters: biotic and abiotic components respond differently when faced with a fast or slow change in their environment. This phenomenon occurs across spatial scales and thus levels of ecological organization. We investigated the RoC of environmental drivers in the ecological literature and examined publication trends across ecological levels, including prevalent types of evidence and drivers. Research interest in environmental driver RoC has increased over time (particularly in the last decade), however, the amount of research and type of studies were not equally distributed across levels of organization and different subfields of ecology use temporal terminology (e.g. \uffe2\uff80\uff98abrupt\uffe2\uff80\uff99 and \uffe2\uff80\uff98gradual\uffe2\uff80\uff99) differently, making it difficult to compare studies. At the level of individual organisms, evidence indicates that responses and underlying mechanisms are different when environmental driver treatments are applied at different rates, thus we propose including a time dimension into reaction norms. There is much less experimental evidence at higher levels of ecological organization (i.e. population, community, ecosystem), although theoretical work at the population level indicates the importance of RoC for evolutionary responses. We identified very few studies at the community and ecosystem levels, although existing evidence indicates that driver RoC is important at these scales and potentially could be particularly important for some processes, such as community stability and cascade effects. We recommend shifting from a categorical (e.g. abrupt versus gradual) to a quantitative and continuous (e.g. \uffc2\uffb0C/h) RoC framework and explicit reporting of RoC parameters, including magnitude, duration and start and end points to ease cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale synthesis and alleviate ambiguity. Understanding how driver RoC affects individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems, and furthermore how these effects can feed back between levels is critical to making improved predictions about ecological responses to global change drivers. The application of a unified quantitative RoC framework for ecological studies investigating environmental driver RoC will both allow cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale synthesis to be accomplished more easily and has the potential for the generation of novel hypotheses.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Ecology", "abrupt", "rate of change", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "gradual", "15. Life on land", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "physiology", "Humans", "ecology", "Ecosystem", "global change", "time"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/brv.12639"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12639"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Reviews", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/brv.12639", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/brv.12639", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/brv.12639"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13468", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-13", "title": "Collected knowledge on the impacts of agricultural soil management practices in Europe", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil plays a central role in most aspects of human societies, and there is a large body of literature about sustainable soil management. Nevertheless, soil is currently facing degradation arising from different threats, which undermines sustainable development globally. In order to design effective research and policy strategies, it is necessary to identify the current knowledge level about sustainable soil management. This study summarises the key findings from a systematic stocktake of available knowledge about agricultural soil management practices in 23 European countries, which included the identification of soil management practices in use, the associated impacts and the soil challenges addressed. The aim of the study was to understand the current state of knowledge about the impacts of soil management practices, investigated and/or implemented across Europe. The results were analysed at the European level and were also grouped into European Regions and Environmental Zones. Key findings from this study were the identification of knowledge gaps that are key to climate mitigation and adaptation. There is a knowledge gap about soil management practices to avoid greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils, as the few reported studies evidence the complexity of the processes governing these emissions. Further knowledge is needed on the impact of tillage practices on long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon storage and distribution along the soil profile, as the reported knowledge was not consensual about carbon storage in deeper soil layers.</p", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "2. Zero hunger", "stocktake", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "knowledge level", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "soil challenges", "knowledge gaps", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil management practices", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "EJPSOIL", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil policy", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13468"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.13468", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.13468", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.13468"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12075", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-11-02", "title": "Above- And Belowground Linkages In Sphagnum Peatland: Climate Warming Affects Plant-Microbial Interactions", "description": "Abstract<p>Peatlands contain approximately one third of all soil organic carbon (SOC). Warming can alter above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground linkages that regulate soil organic carbon dynamics and C\uffe2\uff80\uff90balance in peatlands. Here we examine the multiyear impact of in situ experimental warming on the microbial food web, vegetation, and their feedbacks with soil chemistry. We provide evidence of both positive and negative impacts of warming on specific microbial functional groups, leading to destabilization of the microbial food web. We observed a strong reduction (70%) in the biomass of top\uffe2\uff80\uff90predators (testate amoebae) in warmed plots. Such a loss caused a shortening of microbial food chains, which in turn stimulated microbial activity, leading to slight increases in levels of nutrients and labile C in water. We further show that warming altered the regulatory role of Sphagnum\uffe2\uff80\uff90polyphenols on microbial community structure with a potential inhibition of top predators. In addition, warming caused a decrease in Sphagnum cover and an increase in vascular plant cover. Using structural equation modelling, we show that changes in the microbial food web affected the relationships between plants, soil water chemistry, and microbial communities. These results suggest that warming will destabilize C and nutrient recycling of peatlands via changes in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground linkages, and therefore, the microbial food web associated with mosses will feedback positively to global warming by destabilizing the carbon cycle. This study confirms that microbial food webs thus constitute a key element in the functioning of peatland ecosystems. Their study can help understand how mosses, as ecosystem engineers, tightly regulate biogeochemical cycling and climate feedback in peatlands</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "water chemistry", "food chains", "15. Life on land", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "microbial food web", "testate amoebae", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "plant and microbial communities", "13. Climate action", "Host-Pathogen Interactions", "Sphagnopsida", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "polyphenols"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12075"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12075", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12075", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12075"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "Interactive Effects Of Elevated Co2 And Nitrogen Deposition On Fatty Acid Molecular And Isotope Composition Of Above- And Belowground Tree Biomass And Forest Soil Fractions", "description": "Abstract<p>Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and reactive nitrogen (N) concentrations have been increasing due to human activities and impact the global carbon (C) cycle by affecting plant photosynthesis and decomposition processes in soil. Large amounts of C are stored in plants and soils, but the mechanisms behind the stabilization of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived organic matter (OM) in soils are still under debate and it is not clear how N deposition affects soil OM dynamics. Here, we studied the effects of 4\uffc2\uffa0years of elevated (13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90depleted) CO2 and N deposition in forest ecosystems established in open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers on composition and turnover of fatty acids (FAs) in plants and soils. FAs served as biomarkers for plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and microbial\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived OM in soil density fractions. We analyzed above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant biomass of beech and spruce trees as well as soil density fractions for the total organic C and FA molecular and isotope (\uffce\uffb413C) composition. FAs did not accumulate relative to total organic C in fine mineral fractions, showing that FAs are not effectively stabilized by association with soil minerals. The \uffce\uffb413C values of FAs in plant biomass increased under high N deposition. However, the N effect was only apparent under elevated CO2 suggesting a N limitation of the system. In soil fractions, only isotope compositions of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C16+18) were affected. Fractions of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (experimental\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived) FAs were calculated using isotope depletion in elevated CO2 plots and decreased from free light to fine mineral fractions. \uffe2\uff80\uff98New\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs were higher in short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs (C20\uffe2\uff88\uff9230), indicating a faster turnover of short\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain compared to long\uffe2\uff80\uff90chain FAs. Increased N deposition did not significantly affect the quantity of \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 FAs in soil fractions, but showed a tendency of increased amounts of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90experimental) C suggesting that decomposition of \uffe2\uff80\uff98old\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C is retarded by high N inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity", "2306 Global and Planetary Change", "Chemical Fractionation", "Forests", "2300 General Environmental Science", "Soil", "Fagus", "Environmental Chemistry", "Biomass", "Photosynthesis", "Picea", "General Environmental Science", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Analysis of Variance", "Carbon Isotopes", "Ecology", "Atmosphere", "Fatty Acids", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Reactive Nitrogen Species", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "570 Life sciences; biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.12666", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.12666"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-07-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-20", "title": "Continental\u2010scale determinants of population trends in European amphibians and reptiles", "description": "Abstract<p>The continuous decline of biodiversity is determined by the complex and joint effects of multiple environmental drivers. Still, a large part of past global change studies reporting and explaining biodiversity trends have focused on a single driver. Therefore, we are often unable to attribute biodiversity changes to different drivers, since a multivariable design is required to disentangle joint effects and interactions. In this work, we used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90regression within a Bayesian framework to analyze 843 time series of population abundance from 17 European amphibian and reptile species over the last 45\uffc2\uffa0years. We investigated the relative effects of climate change, alien species, habitat availability, and habitat change in driving trends of population abundance over time, and evaluated how the importance of these factors differs across species. A large number of populations (54%) declined, but differences between species were strong, with some species showing positive trends. Populations declined more often in areas with a high number of alien species, and in areas where climate change has caused loss of suitability. Habitat features showed small variation over the last 25\uffc2\uffa0years, with an average loss of suitable habitat of 0.1%/year per population. Still, a strong interaction between habitat availability and the richness of alien species indicated that the negative impact of alien species was particularly strong for populations living in landscapes with less suitable habitat. Furthermore, when excluding the two commonest species, habitat loss was the main correlate of negative population trends for the remaining species. By analyzing trends for multiple species across a broad spatial scale, we identify alien species, climate change, and habitat changes as the major drivers of European amphibian and reptile decline.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "570", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Climate Change", "Reptiles", "Bayes Theorem", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Amphibians", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "14. Life underwater", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "alien species; climate change; demography; land-cover change; meta-analysis; population trends; species distribution models", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/2/Falaschi_etal_pnlinefirst_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/5/Falaschi_et_al-2019-Global_Change_Biology%20%281%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/652580/7/Falaschi%20et%20al%202019%20Global%20Change%20Biology%20submitted.pdf"}, {"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14739", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14739"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.14020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-12-16", "title": "Microplastics as an emerging threat to terrestrial ecosystems", "description": "Abstract<p>Microplastics (plastics &lt;5\uffc2\uffa0mm, including nanoplastics which are &lt;0.1\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) originate from the fragmentation of large plastic litter or from direct environmental emission. Their potential impacts in terrestrial ecosystems remain largely unexplored despite numerous reported effects on marine organisms. Most plastics arriving in the oceans were produced, used, and often disposed on land. Hence, it is within terrestrial systems that microplastics might first interact with biota eliciting ecologically relevant impacts. This article introduces the pervasive microplastic contamination as a potential agent of global change in terrestrial systems, highlights the physical and chemical nature of the respective observed effects, and discusses the broad toxicity of nanoplastics derived from plastic breakdown. Making relevant links to the fate of microplastics in aquatic continental systems, we here present new insights into the mechanisms of impacts on terrestrial geochemistry, the biophysical environment, and ecotoxicology. Broad changes in continental environments are possible even in particle\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich habitats such as soils. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that microplastics interact with terrestrial organisms that mediate essential ecosystem services and functions, such as soil dwelling invertebrates, terrestrial fungi, and plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90pollinators. Therefore, research is needed to clarify the terrestrial fate and effects of microplastics. We suggest that due to the widespread presence, environmental persistence, and various interactions with continental biota, microplastic pollution might represent an emerging global change threat to terrestrial ecosystems.</p>", "keywords": ["microplastics", "Fungi", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "environmental health", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Invertebrates", "01 natural sciences", "nanoplastics", "13. Climate action", "soil geochemistry", "pollution", "Animals", "14. Life underwater", "Environmental Pollution", "Plastics", "global change", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.14020"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.14020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.14020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.14020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-04-03", "title": "Soil Carbon Balance In A Clonal Eucalyptus Plantation In Congo: Effects Of Logging On Carbon Inputs And Soil Co2 Efflux", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil CO2 efflux was measured in clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut and intact plots in order to quantify the impact of harvest on soil respiration in an intensively managed Eucalyptus plantation, and to evaluate the increase in heterotrophic component of soil respiration because of the decomposition of harvest residues. Soil CO2 effluxes showed a pronounced seasonal trend, which was well related to the pattern of precipitation and soil water content and were always significantly lower in the clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut plots than in the intact plots. On an annual basis, soil respiration represented 1.57 and 0.91\uffe2\uff80\uff83kgC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in intact and clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut plots, respectively. During the first year following harvest, residues have lost 0.79\uffe2\uff80\uff83kgC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Our estimate of heterotrophic respiration was calculated assuming that it was similar to soil respiration in the clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut area except that the decomposition of residues did not occur, and it was further corrected for differences in soil water content between intact and clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut plots and for the cessation of leaf and fine root turnover in clear cut. Heterotrophic respiration in clear\uffe2\uff80\uff90cut plots was estimated at 1.18\uffe2\uff80\uff83kgC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 whereas it was only 0.65\uffe2\uff80\uff83kgC\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 in intact plots (41% of soil respiration). Assumptions and uncertainties with these calculations are discussed.</p>", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "0106 biological sciences", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "F60 - Physiologie et biochimie v\u00e9g\u00e9tale", "FOREST MANAGEMENT", "01 natural sciences", "EUCALYPTUS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2159", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3047", "CLEAR-CUT", "2. Zero hunger", "Eucalyptus", "liti\u00e8re foresti\u00e8re", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2847", "abattage d'arbres", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "CARBON BUDGET", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "LITTERFALL", "d\u00e9gradation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone", "SOIL RESPIRATION", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8500", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2683"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-19", "title": "Plant Species Richness, Elevated Co2, And Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition Alter Soil Microbial Community Composition And Function", "description": "Abstract<p>We determined soil microbial community composition and function in a field experiment in which plant communities of increasing species richness were exposed to factorial elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition treatments. Because elevated CO2 and N deposition increased plant productivity to a greater extent in more diverse plant assemblages, it is plausible that heterotrophic microbial communities would experience greater substrate availability, potentially increasing microbial activity, and accelerating soil carbon (C) and N cycling. We, therefore, hypothesized that the response of microbial communities to elevated CO2 and N deposition is contingent on the species richness of plant communities. Microbial community composition was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and function was measured using the activity of key extracellular enzymes involved in litter decomposition. Higher plant species richness, as a main effect, fostered greater microbial biomass, cellulolytic and chitinolytic capacity, as well as the abundance of saprophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Moreover, the effect of plant species richness on microbial communities was significantly modified by elevated CO2 and N deposition. For instance, microbial biomass and fungal abundance increased with greater species richness, but only under combinations of elevated CO2 and ambient N, or ambient CO2 and N deposition. Cellobiohydrolase activity increased with higher plant species richness, and this trend was amplified by elevated CO2. In most cases, the effect of plant species richness remained significant even after accounting for the influence of plant biomass. Taken together, our results demonstrate that plant species richness can directly regulate microbial activity and community composition, and that plant species richness is a significant determinant of microbial response to elevated CO2 and N deposition. The strong positive effect of plant species richness on cellulolytic capacity and microbial biomass indicate that the rates of soil C cycling may decline with decreasing plant species richness.</p>", "keywords": ["Extracellular Enzymes", "Complementary Resource Use", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Grassland Ecosystem", "Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA)", "Global Change", "14. Life underwater", "complimentary resource use", "global change", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant Diversity", "microbial biomass", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "grasslands", "Soil Fungi", "extracellular enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbial Biomass", "Soil C Cycling", "plant diversity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FACE (Free-air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-08", "title": "Solar Uvb And Warming Affect Decomposition And Earthworms In A Fen Ecosystem In Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina", "description": "Abstract<p>Combined effects of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring global climate changes on ecosystem responses are generally poorly understood. Here, we present results from a 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90year field experiment in aCarexfen ecosystem on the southernmost tip of South America, where we examined the effects of solar ultraviolet B (UVB, 280\uffe2\uff80\uff93315\uffe2\uff80\uff83nm) and warming on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant production, C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios, decomposition rates and earthworm population sizes. Solar UVB radiation was manipulated using transparent plastic filter films to create a near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient (90% of ambient UVB) or a reduced solar UVB treatment (15% of ambient UVB). The warming treatment was imposed passively by wrapping the same filter material around the plots resulting in a mean air and soil temperature increase of about 1.2\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C. Aboveground plant production was not affected by warming, and marginally reduced at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB only in the second season. Aboveground plant biomass also tended to have a lower C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio under near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB and was differently affected at the two temperatures (marginal UVB \uffc3\uff97 temperature interaction). Leaf decomposition of one dominant sedge species (Carex curta) tended to be faster at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB than at reduced UVB. Leaf decomposition of a codominant species (Carex decidua) was significantly faster at near\uffe2\uff80\uff90ambient UVB; root decomposition of this species tended to be lower at increased temperature and interacted with UVB. We found, for the first time in a field experiment that epigeic earthworm density and biomass was 36% decreased by warming but remained unaffected by UVB radiation. Our results show that present\uffe2\uff80\uff90day solar UVB radiation and modest warming can adversely affect ecosystem functioning and engineers of this fen. However, results on plant biomass production also showed that treatment manipulations of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring global change factors can be overridden by the local climatic situation in a given study year.</p>", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "EARTHWORMS", "0106 biological sciences", "CAREX CURTA", "ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "BIOMASS PRODUCTION", "SOIL HETEROTROPHS", "01 natural sciences", "CAREX DECIDUA", "13. Climate action", "DENDROBAENA OCTAEDRA", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GLOBAL WARMING", "GLOBAL CHANGE", "OZONE DEPLETION", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01970.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/oik.10345", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-04-08", "title": "Interactive effects of soil moisture, air temperature and litter nutrient diversity on soil microbial communities and Folsomia candida population", "description": "<p>                     Soil organisms play a key role in carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. While soil organisms are strongly influenced by litter chemistry and are highly sensitive to abiotic conditions, little is known about the interactive effects of these two factors. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a 10 week microcosm experiment in which we simulated the effects of climate change on soil ecology. More specifically, we studied relationships among litter nutrient concentration, microbial biomass, Collembola demographic parameters, and litter decomposition, exploring the potential impacts of increasing air temperature and decreasing soil moisture. To develop a gradient of nutrient concentrations, we created six tree litter mixtures with materials gathered from                     Quercus pubescens                     and its companion species. In contrast to microbes, we observed that Collembola abundance and litter decomposition were interactively affected by soil moisture and air temperature: the negative effect of increasing air temperature on Collembola abundance was amplified by reduced soil moisture, whereas the positive effect of increasing air temperature on litter decomposition disappeared under reduced soil moisture conditions. In contrast to fungi, the response of bacterial biomass and Collembola abundance to litter nutrient concentration was dependent on abiotic conditions. More specifically, the relationships between nutrients, especially calcium and magnesium, and bacterial biomass and Collembola abundance were less robust or disappeared under drier or warmer conditions. In conclusion, our findings underscore that ongoing climate change could affect soil organisms directly as well as indirectly, by altering their responses to litter nutrient concentrations. In addition, we found that nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich habitats might be more affected than nutrient\uffe2\uff80\uff90poor habitats by altered climatic conditions.                   </p", "keywords": ["[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.10345"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oikos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/oik.10345", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/oik.10345", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/oik.10345"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-06", "title": "Can Differences In Microbial Abundances Help Explain Enhanced N2o Emissions In A Permanent Grassland Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2?", "description": "Abstract<p>Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the ammonia\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxidizing and denitrifying bacteria in a grassland soil were investigated to test whether a shift in abundance of these N\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling microorganisms was responsible for enhanced N2O emissions under elevated atmospheric CO2. Soil samples (7.5\uffc2\uffa0cm increments to 45\uffc2\uffa0cm depth) were collected in 2008 from the University of Giessen Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (GiFACE), a permanent grassland exposed to moderately elevated atmospheric CO2 (+20%) since 1998. GiFACE plots lay on a soil moisture gradient because of gradually changing depth to the underlying water table and labeled as the DRY block (furthest from water table), MED block (intermediate to water table), and WET block (nearest to water table). Mean N2O emissions measured since 1998 have been significantly higher under elevated CO2. This study sought to identify microbial and biochemical parameters that might explain higher N2O emissions under elevated CO2. Soil biochemical parameters [extractable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), NH4+, NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92], and abundances of genes encoding the key enzymes involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA) and denitrification (nirK, nirS, nosZ) depended more on soil depth and block (underlying soil moisture gradient) than on elevated CO2. Ammonia oxidation and denitrification gene abundances, relative abundances (ratios) of nirS to nirK, of nosZ to both nirS and to nirK, and of the measured soil biochemical properties DON and NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 tended to be lower in elevated CO2 plots as compared with ambient plots in the MED and WET blocks while the DRY block exhibited an opposite trend. High N2O emissions under elevated CO2 in the MED and WET blocks correlated with lower nosZ to nirK ratios, suggesting that increased N2O emissions under elevated CO2 might be caused by a higher proportion of N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff90producing rather than N2O consuming (N2 producing) denitrifiers.</p>", "keywords": ["nirS", "2. Zero hunger", "N2O emissions", "denitrification", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "AOA", "6. Clean water", "AOB", "soil", "Enrichissement en gaz carbonique", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Concentration \u00e9lev\u00e9e en CO2", "nosZ", "FACE", "13. Climate action", "ammonia oxidation", "nirK", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02470.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.12333", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-05-30", "title": "Cumulative Response Of Ecosystem Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks To Chronic Co2exposure In A Subtropical Oak Woodland", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) could alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of ecosystems, yet the magnitude of these effects are not well known. We examined C and N budgets of a subtropical woodland after 11\uffc2\uffa0yr of exposure to elevated CO2.</p>  <p>We used open\uffe2\uff80\uff90top chambers to manipulate CO2 during regrowth after fire, and measured C, N and tracer 15N in ecosystem components throughout the experiment.</p>  <p>Elevated CO2 increased plant C and tended to increase plant N but did not significantly increase whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90system C or N. Elevated CO2 increased soil microbial activity and labile soil C, but more slowly cycling soil C pools tended to decline. Recovery of a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term 15N tracer indicated that CO2 exposure increased N losses and altered N distribution, with no effect on N inputs.</p>  <p>Increased plant C accrual was accompanied by higher soil microbial activity and increased C losses from soil, yielding no statistically detectable effect of elevated CO2 on net ecosystem C uptake. These findings challenge the treatment of terrestrial ecosystems responses to elevated CO2 in current biogeochemical models, where the effect of elevated CO2 on ecosystem C balance is described as enhanced photosynthesis and plant growth with decomposition as a first\uffe2\uff80\uff90order response.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["Soil organic matter", "Long term experiment", "Elevated atmospheric CO2", "Florida scrub oak", "Scrub oak", "Research", "Plant Sciences", "Aboveground biomass", "Plant Biology", "Microbial communities", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Cycling", "15. Life on land", "Forest productivity", "Soil carbon", "Rhizosphere processes", "Terrestrial ecosystems", "Dioxide enrichment", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Elevated CO2", "Climate feedbacks", "Global change", "Subtropical woodland", "Nitrogen cycling"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/biology_fac_pubs/article/1264/viewcontent/Day2013CumulativeResponseofEcosystemCarbonandNitrogenOCR.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12333"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.12333", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.12333", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.12333"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-05-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-21", "title": "Determinants Of Cryptogam Composition And Diversity In Sphagnum-Dominated Peatlands: The Importance Of Temporal, Spatial And Functional Scales", "description": "Summary<p>  <p>Changing temperature regimes and precipitation patterns in the Subarctic will impact on vegetation composition and diversity including those of bryophyte and lichen communities, which are major drivers of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude carbon and nutrient cycling and hydrology.</p> <p>We investigated the relative importance of such impacts at different temporal, spatial and plant functional scales in subarctic Sphagnum fuscum\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated peatlands, comprising both an in situ warming experiment and natural climatic and topographic gradients in northern Sweden and Norway. We applied multivariate analyses to investigate the relationships among cryptogam and vascular plant species composition and abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (Sphagnum growth) regimes at various scales.</p> <p>At the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term temporal scale (4\uffe2\uff80\uff90year warming experiment), increased temperature yielded no clear effect on cryptogam or vascular plant species composition. Spatially, direct effects of temperature were decisive for overall species composition across regions (macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale) rather than within one region (meso\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale). Moisture and Sphagnum growth were drivers of species composition at all spatial scales, and Sphagnum growth itself depended on its position on the microtopographic gradient and on temperature.</p> <p>Grouping of bryophytes and lichens at increasing scales of functional aggregation from species, growth form to the major higher taxon level (Sphagnum, other mosses, liverworts, lichens) revealed mostly increasing correlation with climate regimes and Sphagnum growth. Excluding liverworts from the analysis tended to reduce the correlation.</p> <p>Abundances of lichens, liverworts, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90Sphagnum mosses and (to a lesser degree) vascular plants were negatively related to Sphagnum abundance. Few cryptogam and vascular plant species showed a positive relationship with Sphagnum abundance. Correspondingly, cryptogam species richness and Shannon Index on peatlands strongly declined as Sphagnum abundance increased, while indices for vascular plants showed no significant relationship.</p> <p> Synthesis. Scale, be it spatial or functional, strongly determined which environmental drivers showed the clearest relationships with vegetation composition and diversity. Our findings will help to optimize predictions about long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of climate on peatland vegetation composition, and subsequently its feedbacks to carbon and water cycles, at the regional scale.</p>  </p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "simulated environmental-change", "species composition", "western canada", "alaskan arctic tundra", "response surfaces", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "hylocomium-splendens", "13. Climate action", "physical gradients", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "nutrient availability", "community structure", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01472.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-17", "title": "Light Inhibition Of Leaf Respiration In Field-Grown Eucalyptus Saligna In Whole-Tree Chambers Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Summer Drought", "description": "SUMMARY<p>We investigated whether the degree of light inhibition of leaf respiration (R) differs among large Eucalyptus saligna grown in whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90tree chambers and exposed to present and future atmospheric [CO2] and summer drought. Associated with month\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90month changes in temperature were concomitant changes in R in the light (Rlight) and darkness (Rdark), with both processes being more temperature dependent in well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees than under drought. Overall rates of Rlight and Rdark were not significantly affected by [CO2]. By contrast, overall rates of Rdark (averaged across both [CO2]) were ca. 25% lower under drought than in well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees. During summer, the degree of light inhibition of leaf R was greater in droughted (ca. 80% inhibition) than well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered trees (ca. 50% inhibition). Notwithstanding these treatment differences, an overall positive relationship was observed between Rlight and Rdark when data from all months/treatments were combined (R2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.8). Variations in Rlight were also positively correlated with rates of Rubisco activity and nitrogen concentration. Light inhibition resulted in a marked decrease in the proportion of light\uffe2\uff80\uff90saturated photosynthesis respired (i.e. reduced R/Asat). Collectively, these results highlight the need to account for light inhibition when assessing impacts of global change drivers on the carbon economy of tree canopies.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0106 biological sciences", "Light", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase", "Trees", "Keywords: carbon", "leaf respiration", "Photosynthesis", "Eucalyptus", "concentration (composition)", "droughts", "drought stress", "Photorespiration", "Temperature", "Rlight", "Darkness", "Photochemical Processes", "6. Clean water", "inhibition", "Droughts", "assessment method", "Elevated CO2", "Seasons", "photorespiration", "Nitrogen", "light effect", "Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase", "water", "Cell Respiration", "evergreen tree", "03 medical and health sciences", "Stress", " Physiological", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "temp Carbon balance", "global change", "580", "photosynthesis", "Drought", "Australia", "carbon dioxide", "temperature", "Water", "Plant Transpiration", "15. Life on land", "Carbon Dioxide", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "13. Climate action", "Plant Stomata", "Leaf respiration", "respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/51083/5/Light_inhibition_of_leaf_respiration_in_field-grown.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/51083/7/01_Crous_Light_inhibition_of_leaf_2012.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02465.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-12-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-23", "title": "Shrub Encroachment Can Reverse Desertification In Semi-Arid Mediterranean Grasslands", "description": "Abstract<p>The worldwide phenomenon of shrub encroachment in grass\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated dryland ecosystems is commonly associated with desertification. Studies of the purported desertification effects associated with shrub encroachment are often restricted to relatively few study areas, and document a narrow range of possible impacts upon biota and ecosystem processes. We conducted a study in degraded Mediterranean grasslands dominated by Stipa tenacissima to simultaneously evaluate the effects of shrub encroachment on the structure and composition of multiple biotic community components, and on various indicators of ecosystem function. Shrub encroachment enhanced vascular plant richness, biomass of fungi, actinomycetes and other bacteria, and was linked with greater soil fertility and N mineralization rates. While shrub encroachment may be a widespread phenomenon in drylands, an interpretation that this is an expression of desertification is not universal. Our results suggest that shrub establishment may be an important step in the reversal of desertification processes in the Mediterranean region.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Mediterranean Region", "Shrub encroachment", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Stipa tenacissima", "Semi-arid", "13. Climate action", "Ecosystem functioning", "Desert Climate", "Plant successional dynamics", "Global change", "Desertification", "Ecosystem", "Plant Physiological Phenomena"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01352.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-14", "title": "Global Negative Vegetation Feedback To Climate Warming Responses Of Leaf Litter Decomposition Rates In Cold Biomes", "description": "Abstract<p>Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the first quantitative analysis of the major climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90change\uffe2\uff80\uff90related drivers of litter decomposition rates in cold northern biomes worldwide. Leaf litters collected from the predominant species in 33 global change manipulation experiments in circum\uffe2\uff80\uff90arctic\uffe2\uff80\uff90alpine ecosystems were incubated simultaneously in two contrasting arctic life zones. We demonstrate that longer\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale changes to leaf litter decomposition will be driven primarily by both direct warming effects and concomitant shifts in plant growth form composition, with a much smaller role for changes in litter quality within species. Specifically, the ongoing warming\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced expansion of shrubs with recalcitrant leaf litter across cold biomes would constitute a negative feedback to global warming. Depending on the strength of other (previously reported) positive feedbacks of shrub expansion on soil carbon turnover, this may partly counteract direct warming enhancement of litter decomposition.</p>", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "Sweden", "0106 biological sciences", "Analysis of Variance", "Plant Development", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Cold Climate", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Alpine; carbon; circum-arctic; global change; growth form; litter turnover; mass loss; vegetation change.", "Ecosystem"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-15", "title": "Species-Specific Responses To Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide And Tropospheric Ozone Mediate Changes In Soil Carbon", "description": "Abstract<p>We repeatedly sampled the surface mineral soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth) in three northern temperate forest communities over an 11\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experimental fumigation to understand the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or elevated phyto\uffe2\uff80\uff90toxic ozone (O3) on soil carbon (C). After 11\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, there was no significant main effect of CO2 or O3 on soil C. However, within the community containing only aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), elevated CO2 caused a significant decrease in soil C content. Together with the observations of increased litter inputs, this result strongly suggests accelerated decomposition under elevated CO2. In addition, an initial reduction in the formation of new (fumigation\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived) soil C by O3 under elevated CO2 proved to be only a temporary effect, mirroring trends in fine root biomass. Our results contradict predictions of increased soil C under elevated CO2 and decreased soil C under elevated O3 and should be considered in models simulating the effects of Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s altered atmosphere.</p>", "keywords": ["Decomposition", "Science", "Climate Change", "Aspen", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "13 C", "Carbon Storage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "Models", " Theoretical", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Populus", "Long-term", "Species Specificity", "13. Climate action", "Northern Temperate Forests", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global Change", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01380.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-02", "title": "Tropospheric O3 Compromises Net Primary Production In Young Stands Of Trembling Aspen, Paper Birch And Sugar Maple In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Concentrations of atmospheric CO(2) and tropospheric ozone (O(3)) are rising concurrently in the atmosphere, with potentially antagonistic effects on forest net primary production (NPP) and implications for terrestrial carbon sequestration. Using free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technology, we exposed north-temperate forest communities to concentrations of CO(2) and O(3) predicted for the year 2050 for the first 7 yr of stand development. Site-specific allometric equations were applied to annual nondestructive growth measurements to estimate above- and below-ground biomass and NPP for each year of the experiment. Relative to the control, elevated CO(2) increased total biomass 25, 45 and 60% in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-maple communities, respectively. Tropospheric O(3) caused 23, 13 and 14% reductions in total biomass relative to the control in the respective communities. Combined fumigation resulted in total biomass response of -7.8, +8.4 and +24.3% relative to the control in the aspen, aspen-birch and aspen-sugar maple communities, respectively. These results indicate that exposure to even moderate levels of O(3) significantly reduce the capacity of NPP to respond to elevated CO(2) in some forests.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "aspen", "carbon dioxide", "Acer", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Wood", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Plant Leaves", "ozone", "Wisconsin", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "pollution", "Biomass", "Forest Sciences", "global change", "Betula", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Kurt S. Pregitzer, Mark E. Kubiske, David F. Karnosky, George R. Hendrey, John S. King, John S. King, Christian P. Giardina, Vanessa S. Quinn, Evan P. McDonald,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01557.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-14", "title": "Soil Respiration, Root Biomass, And Root Turnover Following Long-Term Exposure Of Northern Forests To Elevated Atmospheric Co2and Tropospheric O3", "description": "The Rhinelander free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment is designed to understand ecosystem response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (+CO(2)) and elevated tropospheric ozone (+O(3)). The objectives of this study were: to understand how soil respiration responded to the experimental treatments; to determine whether fine-root biomass was correlated to rates of soil respiration; and to measure rates of fine-root turnover in aspen (Populus tremuloides) forests and determine whether root turnover might be driving patterns in soil respiration. Soil respiration was measured, root biomass was determined, and estimates of root production, mortality and biomass turnover were made. Soil respiration was greatest in the +CO(2) and +CO(2) +O(3) treatments across all three plant communities. Soil respiration was correlated with increases in fine-root biomass. In the aspen community, annual fine-root production and mortality (g m(-2)) were positively affected by +O(3). After 10 yr of exposure, +CO(2) +O(3)-induced increases in belowground carbon allocation suggest that the positive effects of elevated CO(2) on belowground net primary productivity (NPP) may not be offset by negative effects of O(3). For the aspen community, fine-root biomass is actually stimulated by +O(3), and especially +CO(2) +O(3).", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Atmosphere", "Climate Change", "Science", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "Trees", "Soil", "Ozone", "Populus", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global Change", "Biomass", "Ozone (O 3 )", "Ecosystem", "Carbon Allocation", "Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )", "Fine Roots"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02564.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-09-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00746.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:20:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-30", "title": "Atmospheric Co2 Elevation Has Little Effect On Nitrifying And Denitrifying Enzyme Activity In Four European Grasslands", "description": "Abstract<p>The objective of this study was to determine what patterns, if any, existed in the response of nitrifying enzyme activity (NEA), denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA), soil microbial N and soil inorganic N to elevated CO2 across a broad range of grassland environments. We studied the response of these N pools and microbial activities in four CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90enrichment sites of the MEGARICH project (Managing European Grasslands as a Sustainable Resource in a Changing Climate). CO2 treatment was studied in factorial combination with a cutting frequency treatment at two sites and with a temperature treatment at one site. Our study showed that microbial biomass N, NEA, DEA and extractable soil [NH4+] and [NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92] were generally not affected by elevated CO2 in these grassland ecosystems after several years of treatment, nor by cutting frequency or temperature at the sites that included these treatments. Exceptions to this were that DEA and soil [NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92] decreased by 22% and 45%, respectively, at the French site at elevated CO2. We discuss the possible explanations for this lack of response.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "RAY GRASS ANGLAIS", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "MEGARICH PROJECT", "AMMONIUM", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ammonium", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "IMMOBILIZATION", "nitrate", "13. Climate action", "immobilization", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GLOBAL CHANGE", "MEGARICH project", "global change", "NITRATE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00746.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00746.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00746.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00746.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.17714", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-05", "title": "Mechanisms underpinning non-additivity of global change factor effects in the plant-soil system", "description": "Summary<p>Plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil systems are key for understanding the effects of factors of global change. Recent work has highlighted the general importance of considering the simultaneous incidence of some factors or stressors. To help mechanistically dissect the possible interactions of such factors, we here propose three broad groups of mechanisms that may generally lead to nonadditivity of responses within a plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil system: direct factor interactions (that is one factor directly changing another), within\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant information processing and crosstalk, and effects of factors on groups of soil biota interacting with plants. Interactions are also possible within and across these groups. Factor interactions are very likely to be present in experiments, especially when dealing with an increasing number of factors. Identifying the nature of such interactions will be essential for understanding and predicting global change impacts on plants and soil.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "0303 health sciences", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Biota", "plant\u2013soil systems", "stressor effects", "soil biota", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "pollution", "Soil Microbiology", "global change"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.17714"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17714"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.17714", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.17714", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.17714"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15119", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-31", "title": "Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ecosystem function", "description": "<p>         Contents      Summary 1059   I. Introduction: pathways of influence and pervasiveness of effects 1060   II. AM fungal richness effects on ecosystem functions 1062   III. Other dimensions of biodiversity 1062   IV. Back to basics \uffe2\uff80\uff93 primary axes of niche differentiation by AM fungi 1066   V. Functional diversity of AM fungi \uffe2\uff80\uff93 a role for biological stoichiometry? 1067   VI. Past, novel and future ecosystems 1068   VII. Opportunities and the way forward 1071    Acknowledgements 1072    References 1072      </p>Summary<p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play important functional roles in ecosystems, including the uptake and transfer of nutrients, modification of the physical soil environment and alteration of plant interactions with other biota. Several studies have demonstrated the potential for variation in AM fungal diversity to also affect ecosystem functioning, mainly via effects on primary productivity. Diversity in these studies is usually characterized in terms of the number of species, unique evolutionary lineages or complementary mycorrhizal traits, as well as the ability of plants to discriminate among AM fungi in space and time. However, the emergent outcomes of these relationships are usually indirect, and thus context dependent, and difficult to predict with certainty. Here, we advocate a fungal\uffe2\uff80\uff90centric view of AM fungal biodiversity\uffe2\uff80\uff93ecosystem function relationships that focuses on the direct and specific links between AM fungal fitness and consequences for their roles in ecosystems, especially highlighting functional diversity in hyphal resource economics. We conclude by arguing that an understanding of AM fungal functional diversity is fundamental to determine whether AM fungi have a role in the exploitation of marginal/novel environments (whether past, present or future) and highlight avenues for future research.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Biodiversity", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "stoichiometry", "03 medical and health sciences", "Mycorrhizae", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "ecosystems", "global change", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15119"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15119"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15119", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15119", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15119"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1177/0959683619826637", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-15", "title": "Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: A meta data-analysis", "description": "<p> As part of the Changing the Face of the Mediterranean Project, we consider how human pressure and concomitant erosion has affected a range of Mediterranean landscapes between the Neolithic and, in some cases, the post-medieval period. Part of this assessment comprises an investigation of relationships among palaeodemographic data, evidence for vegetation change and some consideration of rapid climate change events. The erosion data include recent or hitherto unpublished work from the authors. Where possible, we consider summed probabilities of 14C dates as well as the first published synthesis of all known optically stimulated luminescence dated sequences. The results suggest that while there were some periods when erosion took place contemporaneously across a number of regions, possibly induced by climate changes, more often than not, we see a complex and heterogeneous interplay of demographic and environmental changes that result in a mixed pattern of erosional activity across the Mediterranean. </p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "demography", "human impact", "550", "[SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology", "[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Mediterranean", "01 natural sciences", "[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0601 history and archaeology", "[SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "demography; erosion; geoarchaeology; Holocene; human impact; Mediterranean", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Holocene", "06 humanities and the arts", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "[SDU.STU.GP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]", "geoarchaeology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1858935/2/Walsh_etal_2019.pdf"}, {"href": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0959683619826637"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619826637"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Holocene", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1177/0959683619826637", "name": "item", "description": "10.1177/0959683619826637", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1177/0959683619826637"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1126/science.aay5958", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-14", "title": "Global ecosystem thresholds driven by aridity", "description": "Thresholds of aridity           <p>             Increasing aridity due to climate change is expected to affect multiple ecosystem structural and functional attributes in global drylands, which cover \uffe2\uff88\uffbc45% of the terrestrial globe. Berdugo             et al.             show that increasing aridity promotes thresholds on the structure and functioning of drylands (see the Perspective by Hirota and Oliveira). Their database includes 20 variables summarizing multiple aspects and levels of ecological organization. They found evidence for a series of abrupt ecological events occurring sequentially in three phases, culminating with a shift to low-cover ecosystems that are nutrient- and species-poor at high aridity values. They estimate that more than 20% of land surface will cross at least one of the thresholds by 2100, which can potentially lead to widespread land degradation and desertification worldwide.           </p>           <p>             Science             , this issue p.             787             ; see also p.             739           </p", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "570", "Increasing aridity", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Climate Change", "availability", "Promotes sequential", "vegetation cover", "Systemic thresholds", "soil", "forest", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Climate change", "functional traits", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1", "climate", "Climatical change", "Ecosystem", "Dryland ecosystems", "Aridity", "2. Zero hunger", "regime shifts", "drylands", "0303 health sciences", "500", "Abrupt thresholds", "Ecolog\u00eda", "15. Life on land", "plant economics spectrum", "Droughts", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "feedbacks"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay5958"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1126/science.aay5958", "name": "item", "description": "10.1126/science.aay5958", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1126/science.aay5958"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-12", "title": "The global distribution and environmental drivers of the soil antibiotic resistome", "description": "Abstract                 Background                 <p>Little is known about the global distribution and environmental drivers of key microbial functional traits such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Soils are one of Earth\uffe2\uff80\uff99s largest reservoirs of ARGs, which are integral for soil microbial competition, and have potential implications for plant and human health. Yet, their diversity and global patterns remain poorly described. Here, we analyzed 285 ARGs in soils from 1012 sites across all continents and created the first global atlas with the distributions of topsoil ARGs.</p>                                Results                 <p>We show that ARGs peaked in high latitude cold and boreal forests. Climatic seasonality and mobile genetic elements, associated with the transmission of antibiotic resistance, were also key drivers of their global distribution. Dominant ARGs were mainly related to multidrug resistance genes and efflux pump machineries. We further pinpointed the global hotspots of the diversity and proportions of soil ARGs.</p>                                Conclusions                 <p>Together, our work provides the foundation for a better understanding of the ecology and global distribution of the environmental soil antibiotic resistome.</p>", "keywords": ["Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "0301 basic medicine", "SDG-03: Good health and well-being", "550", "Antibiotic resistance", "Edafolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)", "910", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3", "631.4", "Microbial ecology", "2417.14 Gen\u00e9tica Vegetal", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Global scale", "Humans", "Global change", "SCALE", "Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Ecology", "Research", "QR100-130", "Human health", "15. Life on land", "Gen\u00e9tica", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "Phenotype", "Mobile genetic elements", "13. Climate action", "BACTERIA", "2511.02 Biolog\u00eda de Suelos", "RESISTANCE GENES"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbiome", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-27", "title": "Nitrogen Addition And Warming Independently Influence The Belowground Micro-Food Web In A Temperate Steppe", "description": "Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are known to influence ecosystem structure and functioning. However, our understanding of the interactive effect of these global changes on ecosystem functioning is relatively limited, especially when it concerns the responses of soils and soil organisms. We conducted a field experiment to study the interactive effects of warming and N addition on soil food web. The experiment was established in 2006 in a temperate steppe in northern China. After three to four years (2009-2010), we found that N addition positively affected microbial biomass and negatively influenced trophic group and ecological indices of soil nematodes. However, the warming effects were less obvious, only fungal PLFA showed a decreasing trend under warming. Interestingly, the influence of N addition did not depend on warming. Structural equation modeling analysis suggested that the direct pathway between N addition and soil food web components were more important than the indirect connections through alterations in soil abiotic characters or plant growth. Nitrogen enrichment also affected the soil nematode community indirectly through changes in soil pH and PLFA. We conclude that experimental warming influenced soil food web components of the temperate steppe less than N addition, and there was little influence of warming on N addition effects under these experimental conditions.", "keywords": ["China", "Food Chain", "Nematoda", "Nitrogen", "Science", "deposition", "Models", " Biological", "northern china", "Soil", "soil nematodes", "Animals", "Biomass", "organic-matter", "global change", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "elevated co2", "Analysis of Variance", "species composition", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "international", "climate-change manipulations", "plant-communities", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "community structure", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:21:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-27", "title": "Nitrogen Addition And Warming Independently Influence The Belowground Micro-Food Web In A Temperate Steppe", "description": "Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are known to influence ecosystem structure and functioning. However, our understanding of the interactive effect of these global changes on ecosystem functioning is relatively limited, especially when it concerns the responses of soils and soil organisms. We conducted a field experiment to study the interactive effects of warming and N addition on soil food web. The experiment was established in 2006 in a temperate steppe in northern China. After three to four years (2009-2010), we found that N addition positively affected microbial biomass and negatively influenced trophic group and ecological indices of soil nematodes. However, the warming effects were less obvious, only fungal PLFA showed a decreasing trend under warming. Interestingly, the influence of N addition did not depend on warming. Structural equation modeling analysis suggested that the direct pathway between N addition and soil food web components were more important than the indirect connections through alterations in soil abiotic characters or plant growth. Nitrogen enrichment also affected the soil nematode community indirectly through changes in soil pH and PLFA. We conclude that experimental warming influenced soil food web components of the temperate steppe less than N addition, and there was little influence of warming on N addition effects under these experimental conditions.", "keywords": ["China", "Food Chain", "Nematoda", "Nitrogen", "Science", "deposition", "Models", " Biological", "northern china", "Soil", "soil nematodes", "Animals", "Biomass", "organic-matter", "global change", "Phospholipids", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "elevated co2", "Analysis of Variance", "species composition", "Q", "R", "Temperature", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "international", "climate-change manipulations", "plant-communities", "Medicine", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "community structure", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0060441", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0060441"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/02-5213", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-06", "title": "Co2enhances Productivity, Alters Species Composition, And Reduces Digestibility Of Shortgrass Steppe Vegetation", "description": "The impact of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations has been studied in a number of field experiments, but little information exists on the response of semiarid rangelands to CO2, or on the consequences for forage quality. This study was initiated to study the CO2 response of the shortgrass steppe, an important semiarid grassland on the western edge of the North American Great Plains, used extensively for livestock grazing. The experiment was conducted for five years on native vegetation at the USDA-ARS Central Plains Experimental Range in northeastern Colorado, USA. Three perennial grasses dominate the study site, Bouteloua gracilis, a C4 grass, and two C3 grasses, Pascopyrum smithii and Stipa comata. The three species comprise 88% of the aboveground phytomass. To evaluate responses to rising atmospheric CO2, we utilized six open-top chambers, three with ambient air and three with air CO2 enriched to 720 \u03bcmol/mol, as well as three unchambered controls. We found that elevated CO2 enhanced production o...", "keywords": ["Pascopyrum smithii", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Stipa comata", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Bouteloua gracilis", "recruitment", "digestibility", "13. Climate action", "carbon dioxide (CO2)", "forage quality", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "grassland", "C3", "global change", "C4"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Morgan, Jack A., author, Mosier, Arvin R., author, Milchunas, Daniel G., author, LeCain, Daniel R., author, Nelson, Jim A., author, Parton, William J., author, Ecological Society of America, publisher,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/02-5213"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/02-5213", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/02-5213", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/02-5213"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-18", "title": "Plant Diversity Effects On Soil Microbial Functions And Enzymes Are Stronger Than Warming In A Grassland Experiment", "description": "<p>Anthropogenic changes in biodiversity and atmospheric temperature significantly influence ecosystem processes. However, little is known about potential interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on essential ecosystem properties, such as soil microbial functions and element cycling. We studied the effects of orthogonal manipulations of plant diversity (one, four, and 16 species) and warming (ambient, +1.5\uffc2\uffb0C, and +3\uffc2\uffb0C) on soil microbial biomass, respiration, growth after nutrient additions, and activities of extracellular enzymes in 2011 and 2012 in the BAC (biodiversity and climate) perennial grassland experiment site at Cedar Creek, Minnesota, USA. Focal enzymes are involved in essential biogeochemical processes of the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. Soil microbial biomass and some enzyme activities involved in the C and N cycle increased significantly with increasing plant diversity in both years. In addition, 16\uffe2\uff80\uff90species mixtures buffered warming induced reductions in topsoil water content. We found no interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on soil microbial biomass and growth rates. However, the activity of several enzymes (1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase, 1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acetylglucosaminidase, phosphatase, peroxidase) depended on interactions between plant diversity and warming with elevated activities of enzymes involved in the C, N, and P cycles at both high plant diversity and high warming levels. Increasing plant diversity consistently decreased microbial biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific enzyme activities and altered soil microbial growth responses to nutrient additions, indicating that plant diversity changed nutrient limitations and/or microbial community composition. In contrast to our expectations, higher plant diversity only buffered temperature effects on soil water content, but not on microbial functions. Temperature effects on some soil enzymes were greatest at high plant diversity. In total, our results suggest that the fundamental temperature ranges of soil microbial communities may be sufficiently broad to buffer their functioning against changes in temperature and that plant diversity may be a dominant control of soil microbial processes in a changing world.</p>", "keywords": ["aboveground-belowground interactions", "Hot Temperature", "warming", "Climate Change", "biodiversity-ecosystem functioning", "global warming", "soil microbial ecology", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Biomass", "global change", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "grasslands", "extracellular enzymes", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "plant diversity", "Enzymes", "grassland ecosystem", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.22004/ag.econ.291164", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:22:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Bumper Crop or Dearth: An Economic Methodology to Identify the Disruptive Effects of Climatic Variables on French Agriculture", "description": "Open AccessThis study provides an economic method to identify the impact of changes in stochastic (climatic) and non-stochastic (farm managed) inputs on the production of a representative sample of French field crop farms between 1990 and 2015. This economic decompositionmethod specifically attributes output changes to the impact of soil characteristics, climatic variables, non-stochastic farm managed inputs, and technological adaptation change. We quantify these impacts by decomposing product changes over time via Luenberger-type indicators, through a second-order flexible parametric technology estimation. We identify large disruptive effects due to climatic variables, especially since the beginning of this century.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "climatic variability", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Production Economics", "13. Climate action", "weather", "agricultural production", "France", "15. Life on land", "[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Pieralli, Simone, Pieralli, Simone,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.291164"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Conference%20Paper", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.22004/ag.econ.291164", "name": "item", "description": "10.22004/ag.econ.291164", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.22004/ag.econ.291164"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=global+change&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=global+change&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=global+change&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=global+change&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 168, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-27T05:19:43.092558Z"}