{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:15:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-04", "title": "Investigations Of Responses To Metal Pollution In Land Snail Populations (Cantareus Aspersus And Cepaea Nemoralis) From A Smelter-Impacted Area", "description": "A cross-transplantation field experiment was performed to investigate about possible adaptation/acclimatization to metal pollution in common garden snail Cantareus aspersus (ex-Helix aspersa) and brown-lipped grove snail Cepaea nemoralis populations. Adults were collected from an area surrounding a former smelter (ME), highly polluted by trace metals (TMs) for decades, and from an unpolluted site (BE). Subadults of first generation (F1) were exposed in microcosms in a 28-day kinetic study. Four exposure sites were chosen around the smelter along a soil pollution gradient (vegetation and soil otherwise comparable). Bioaccumulation in snail soft tissues globally increased with soil contamination, with Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations reaching 271, 187, 5527\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g(-1), respectively. Accumulation kinetic patterns were similar between snail species but C. nemoralis showed greater TM levels than C. aspersus. Some inter-population differences were revealed in TM accumulation (bioaccumulation factors, accumulation kinetics) but did not suggest consistent adaptive responses. We did not detect negative effects of TM exposure on snail condition (body weight, shell size, shell weight). ME C. aspersus snails produced heavier shells than BE snails under exposure to TMs at the highest level, suggesting an adaptive response. The protocol used in this study, however, did not allow unambiguously distinguishing whether this response was due to genetic adaptation or to maternal effects. Abnormal but reversible shell development of adult ME C. nemoralis suggested physiological acclimatization. Differences in responses to TMs between populations are observed for conchological parameters, not for bioaccumulation, with different strategies according to the species (acclimatization or adaptation/maternal effects).", "keywords": ["550", "invertebrate", "Snails", "590", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metal", "Adaptation", " Physiological", "01 natural sciences", "Kinetics", "bioaccumulation", "Models", " Chemical", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "adaptive response", "Metallurgy", "Animals", "Body Size", "Soil Pollutants", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecotoxicology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10646-011-0619-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-23", "title": "Application Of Temporal Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis For Characterisation Of Fungal Endophyte Communities Of Salix Caprea L. In A Heavy Metal Polluted Soil", "description": "Fungal endophytes can affect the heavy metal uptake of their host plants and increase the tolerance of their host plants to heavy metal stress. Therefore, in the present study, a wide-range screening of the fungal endophyte communities was conducted to determine the fungal distribution and diversity on S. caprea roots on a metal polluted site. Fungal communities were screened using amplification with the 5.8S-ITS2-28S part of the rDNA operon, with the resulting amplicons analysed by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) and sequencing. This technique is reproducible and shows good coverage of ascomycete and basidiomycete taxa, as 68% and 32% of all of the sequences, respectively. No clear shift in fungal ITS-TTGE profiles from S. caprea roots was seen along the secondary succession stages. Ascomycetes dominated the more polluted plots, while there was a greater diversity of basidiomycetes in the less polluted and control plots, suggesting greater tolerance of ascomycetes in comparison with basidiomycete fungi. The high diversity of DSEs was confirmed at the highly metal-enriched locations, with species belonging to the genera Phialophora, Phialocephala and Leptodontidium. Furthermore, the DSE colonisation of S. caprea roots and the frequency of the sequences showing affinity towards DSE genus Phialophora, showed good correspondence with soil Pb, Cd and plant-available P concentrations, possibly indicating that DSEs improve metal tolerance of willows to high heavy metal contamination.", "keywords": ["Electrophoresis", " Agar Gel", "0301 basic medicine", "dark septate endophytes", "Fungi", "Temperature", "mycorrhiza", "Salix", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "info:eu-repo/classification/udc/581", "15. Life on land", "heavy metal pollution", "community fingerprinting", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DNA", " Fungal", "Phylogeny", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.045"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:22Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-08", "title": "Toxicokinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to metal-contaminated soils under different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content", "description": "This study evaluated how different combinations of air temperature (20\u202f\u00b0C and 25\u202f\u00b0C) and soil moisture content (50% and 30% of the soil water holding capacity, WHC), reflecting realistic climate change scenarios, affect the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Earthworms were exposed for 21\u202fd to two metal-contaminated soils (uptake phase), followed by 21\u202fd incubation in non-contaminated soil (elimination phase). Body Zn and Cd concentrations were checked in time and metal uptake (k1) and elimination (k2) rate constants determined; metal bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated as k1/k2. Earthworms showed extremely fast uptake and elimination of Zn, regardless of the exposure level. Climate conditions had no major impacts on the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn, although a tendency towards lower k1 and k2 values was observed at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. Earthworm Cd concentrations gradually increased with time upon exposure to metal-contaminated soils, especially at 50% WHC, and remained constant or slowly decreased following transfer to non-contaminated soil. Different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content changed the bioaccumulation kinetics of Cd, leading to higher k1 and k2 values for earthworms incubated at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a050% WHC and slower Cd kinetics at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. This resulted in greater BAFs for Cd at warmer and drier environments which could imply higher toxicity risks but also of transfer of Cd within the food chain under the current global warming perspective.", "keywords": ["Soil invertebrates", "Bioavailability", "Climate Change", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Metals", " Heavy", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Oligochaeta", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Triazines", "Temperature", "Water", "Bioaccumulation", "Mining wastes", "Toxicokinetics", "Zinc", "Heavy metals", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Pollution", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:14:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-06", "title": "Feasibility of using phytoremediation biomass for sustainable biofuel production via thermochemical conversion", "description": "Abstract<p>This study explores a novel approach that combines soil recovery with biofuel production, presenting a strategy that addresses the increasing demand for biofuels while sidestepping the food\uffe2\uff80\uff93fuel debate. It also introduces an innovative method for recovering heavy metals from soils through their translocation into the solid product of the conversion process. Phytoremediation trials were conducted under real field conditions, and the thermochemical conversion of the harvested biomass was carried out at lab scale. Field trials took place in 2021\uffe2\uff80\uff932023 in Lithuania and Serbia. In Serbia, the contamination primarily involved heavy metals, whereas the Lithuanian site was predominantly contaminated with hydrocarbons from petroleum products. The harvested biomass underwent pretreatment and was then used as feedstock for conversion into high\uffe2\uff80\uff90energy carriers. The conversion products were evaluated for their potential to substitute fossil fuels. Finally, the value chain, encompassing key stakeholders and factors impacting the profitability of this approach, was established, and initial estimates were made regarding the size of individual cost components.</p", "keywords": ["biorefinery", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "phytoremediation", "field trials", "02 engineering and technology", "thermochemical conversion", "7. Clean energy", "biofuels", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "heavy metals", "economic viability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2656"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biofuels%2C%20Bioproducts%20and%20Biorefining", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/bbb.2656", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/bbb.2656"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:15:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-08-18", "title": "Biochar Reduces The Bioavailability And Phytotoxicity Of Heavy Metals", "description": "Biochar has attracted research interest due to its ability to increase the soil carbon pool and improve crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metal immobilizing impact of chicken manure- and green waste-derived biochars, and their effectiveness in promoting plant growth. The immobilization and phytoavailability of Cd, Cu and Pb was examined using naturally contaminated shooting range and spiked soils. Biochar samples prepared from chicken manure and green waste were used as soil amendments. Application of biochar significantly reduced NH4NO3 extractable Cd, Cu and Pb concentrations of soils, indicating the immobilization of these metals. Chicken manure-derived biochar increased plant dry biomass by 353 and 572% for shoot and root, respectively with 1% of biochar addition. This might be attributed to reduced toxicity of metals and increased availability of nutrients such as P and K. Both biochars significantly reduced Cd, Cu and Pb accumulation by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), and the reduction increased with increasing amount of biochar application except Cu concentration. Metal sequential fractionation data indicated that biochar treatments substantially modified the partitioning of Cd, Cu and Pb from the easily exchangeable phase to less bioavailable organic bound fraction. The results clearly showed that biochar application was effective in metal immobilization, thereby reducing the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Bioavailability", "Chicken manure-derived biochar", "heavy metal immobilization bioavailability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Immobilization", "Heavy metal", "1110 Plant Science", "Earth Sciences", "Green waste-derived biochar", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1111 Soil Science", "chicken manure-derived biochar", "green waste-derived biochar", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-08-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.085", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-21", "title": "Warming And Drought Change Trace Element Bioaccumulation Patterns In A Mediterranean Shrubland", "description": "A field experiment consisting of drought and warming manipulation was conducted in a Mediterranean shrubland dominated by the shrubs Erica multiflora and Globularia alypum. The aim was to investigate the effects of the climatic changes predicted by IPCC models for the coming decades on trace element concentration and accumulation in aboveground biomass, plant litter, and soil. Warming increased concentrations and aboveground accumulation of some trace elements related to plant root uptake, such as Al, As, Cr, Cu, and partially Pb. This effect was more general in E. multiflora than in G. alypum. The stronger effects were increases in Al leaf concentrations (42%) and aboveground accumulation (500gha(-1)) in E. multiflora, in As stem biomass accumulation (0.2gha(-1)) in E. multiflora, and in Cr leaf concentrations (51%) in G. alypum and stem aboveground accumulation in E. multiflora (1.1gha(-1)). These species-specific increases were related to greater retranslocation, photosynthetic capacity and growth in E. multiflora than in G. alypum. Warming decreased the concentrations of some trace elements in leaf litter, implying the existence of an increased leaf retranslocation. Drought increased As (40%) and Cd (55%) in E. multiflora stems, whereas it decreased Cu (50%) in leaves, Ni (28%) in stems and Pb (32%) in leaf litter of G. alypum. The increasing concentrations of some trace elements in E. multiflora and not in G. alypum were related to a greater growth reduction in E. multiflora than in G. alypum. Warming increased As soil solubility (67%) and decreased total soil As (21%). Those changes were related to a greater Fe mobilization in warming plot and to a greater plant capture. Drought increased Hg (350%) concentrations in soils but had no significant effects on trace element accumulation in aboveground biomass. The different response to warming and drought in the two dominant species implies uneven changes in the quality of the plant tissues that may have implications for herbivores. This may be specially important for the performance of the studied Mediterranean ecosystems under the warmer and drier conditions predicted by the next decades by the GCM and ecophysiological models.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Trace elements", "Biomass concentrations", "Mediterranean Region", "15. Life on land", "Models", " Biological", "01 natural sciences", "Soil content", "6. Clean water", "Trace Elements", "Disasters", "Mediterranean shrubland", "Heavy metals", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "Climate change", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Seasons", "Weather", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.085"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.085", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.085", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.06.085"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-12", "title": "Phytoextraction Of Heavy Metals By Canola (Brassica Napus) And Radish (Raphanus Sativus) Grown On Multicontaminated Soil", "description": "Phytoextraction can provide an effective in situ technique for removing heavy metals from polluted soils. The experiment reported in this paper was undertaken to study the basic potential of phytoextraction of Brassica napus (canola) and Raphanus sativus (radish) grown on a multi-metal contaminated soil in the framework of a pot-experiment. Chlorophyll contents and gas exchanges were measured during the experiment; the heavy metal phytoextraction efficiency of canola and radish were also determined and the phytoextraction coefficient for each metal calculated. Data indicated that both species are moderately tolerant to heavy metals and that radish is more so than canola. These species showed relatively low phytoremediation potential of multicontaminated soils. They could possibly be used with success in marginally polluted soils where their growth would not be impaired and the extraction of heavy metals could be maintained at satisfying levels.", "keywords": ["Chlorophyll", "Soil pollution; Heavy metals; Phytoremediation", "Light", "Brassica napus", "Water", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Raphanus", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Pollution", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.uniud.it/bitstream/11390/856253/1/Env_Poll_Marchio%20et%20al_2004.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-11-30", "title": "Field Evaluation Of In Situ Remediation Of A Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Lime And Red-Mud", "description": "We evaluated the effectiveness of lime and red mud (by-product of aluminium manufacturing) to reduce metal availability to Festuca rubra and to allow re-vegetation on a highly contaminated brown-field site. Application of both lime and red mud (at 3 or 5%) increased soil pH and decreased metal availability. Festuca rubra failed to establish in the control plots, but grew to a near complete vegetative cover on the amended plots. The most effective treatment in decreasing grass metal concentrations in the first year was 5% red mud, but by year two all amendments were equally effective. In an additional pot experiment, P application in combination with red mud or lime decreased the Pb concentration, but not total uptake of Pb in Festuca rubra compared to red mud alone. The results show that both red mud and lime can be used to remediate a heavily contaminated acid soil to allow re-vegetation.", "keywords": ["Festuca", "Geologic Sediments", "Time Factors", "Lime", "Phosphate", "Phosphorus", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Calcium Carbonate", "Heavy metals", "Metals", " Heavy", "Clay", "Soil Pollutants", "Aluminum Silicates", "In situ remediation", "Environmental Restoration and Remediation", "Red mud", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.09.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-09-23", "title": "Toxicity Assessment Of Contaminated Soils From A Mining Area In Northeast Italy By Using Lipid Peroxidation Assay", "description": "Abstract   Contamination by heavy metals in soils may strongly affect the environmental quality. Lipid peroxidation caused by heavy metals in plants was investigated as a relevant bioassay of toxicity. Soils and wild plants (dandelion and willow) were collected from an abandoned mine area in northeast Italy, and the concentration of different heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) were measured and analyzed. Soils affected by mining activities presented total Zn, Cu, and Pb concentrations (2566, 3975, 20,815\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  respectively) above toxic thresholds, and 58% for Fe. Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by the generation of reactive radicals, followed by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production up to 41.64\u00a0\u03bcM in willow leaves. We found that MDA concentration in plant tissues differed significantly among species and plant organs. The higher concentration of metal in soil corresponded with the higher concentration of MDA in the plant. The combined results of metal concentration, MDA content and translocation coefficients in plants show that the investigated plants are rather highly tolerant towards environmental pollution. This suggests that they could be useful in phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Heavy metals; Lipid peroxidation; Mining pollution; Salix spp.; Taraxacum officinale;", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unive.it/bitstream/10278/34763/1/geoexplo%20lipid%20peroxidation.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.09.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geochemical%20Exploration", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.09.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.09.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.gexplo.2011.09.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-10-14", "title": "Identification and molecular characterization of the high-affinity copper transporters family in Solanum lycopersicum.", "description": "Copper (Cu) plays a key role as cofactor in the plant proteins participating in essential cellular processes, such as electron transport and free radical scavenging. Despite high-affinity Cu transporters (COPTs) being key participants in Cu homeostasis maintenance, very little is known about COPTs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) even though it is the most consumed fruit worldwide and this crop is susceptible to suboptimal Cu conditions. In this study, a six-member family of COPT (SlCOPT1-6) was identified and characterized. SlCOPTs have a conserved architecture consisting of three transmembrane domains and \u03b2-strains. However, the presence of essential methionine residues, a methionine-enriched amino-terminal region, an Mx3Mx12Gx3G Cu-binding motif and a cysteine rich carboxy-terminal region, all required for their functionality, is more variable among members. Accordingly, functional complementation assays in yeast indicate that SlCOPT1 and SlCOPT2 are able to transport Cu inside the cell, while SlCOPT3 and SlCOPT5 are only partially functional. In addition, protein interaction network analyses reveal the connection between SlCOPTs and Cu PIB-type ATPases, other metal transporters, and proteins related to the peroxisome. Gene expression analyses uncover organ-dependency, fruit vasculature tissue specialization and ripening-dependent gene expression profiles, as well as different response to Cu deficiency or toxicity in an organ-dependent manner.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Biotecnologia agr\u00edcola", "Molecular Conformation", "COPT", "Gene Expression", "Tomato", "Structure-Activity Relationship", "03 medical and health sciences", "Copper Transport Proteins", "Solanum lycopersicum", "Multigene Family", "Tom\u00e0quets", "Amino Acid Sequence", "Heavy metal stress", "Conserved Sequence", "Copper", "Phylogeny", "Plant Proteins"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Journal%20of%20Biological%20Macromolecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116700", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Sustainability of phytoremediation: Post-harvest stratagems and economic opportunities for the produced metals contaminated biomass", "description": "Heavy metals (HMs) are indestructible and non-biodegradable. Phytoremediation presents an opportunity to transfer HMs from environmental matrices into plants, making it easy to translocate from one place to another. The ornate features of HMs' phytoremediation are biophilia and carbon neutrality, compared to the physical and chemical remediation methods. Some recent studies related to LCA also support that phytoremediation is technically more sustainable than competing technologies. However, one major post-application challenge associated with HMs phytoremediation is properly managing HMs contaminated biomass generated. Such a yield presents the problem of reintroducing HMs into the environment due to natural decomposition and release of plant sap from the harvested biomass. The transportation of high yields can also make phytoremediation economically inviable. This review presents the design of a sustainable phytoremediation strategy using an ever-evolving life cycle assessment tool. This review also discusses possible post-phytoremediation biomass management strategies for the HMs contaminated biomass management. These strategies include composting, leachate compaction, gasification, pyrolysis, torrefaction, and metal recovery. Further, the commercial outlook for properly utilizing HMs contaminated biomass was presented.", "keywords": ["Contaminated biomass", "Agricultura", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "Phytoremediation Contaminated biomass Postharvest management Metal recovery Heavy metals Life cycle assessment", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "Phytoremediation", "12. Responsible consumption", "Life cycle assessment", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Heavy metals", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Postharvest management", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Metal recovery", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116700"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116700", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116700", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116700"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-22", "title": "A Three-Year Experiment Confirms Continuous Immobilization Of Cadmium And Lead In Contaminated Paddy Field With Biochar Amendment", "description": "Heavy metal contamination in croplands has been a serious concern because of its high health risk through soil-food chain transfer. A field experiment was conducted in 2010-2012 in a contaminated rice paddy in southern China to determine if bioavailability of soil Cd and Pb could be reduced while grain yield was sustained over 3 years after a single soil amendment of wheat straw biochar. Contaminated biochar particles were separated from the biochar amended soil and microscopically analyzed to help determine where, and how, metals were immobilized with biochar. Biochar soil amendment (BSA) consistently and significantly increased soil pH, total organic carbon and decreased soil extractable Cd and Pb over the 3 year period. While rice plant tissues' Cd content was significantly reduced, depending on biochar application rate, reduction in plant Pb concentration was found only in root tissue. Analysis of the fresh and contaminated biochar particles indicated that Cd and Pb had probably been bonded with the mineral phases of Al, Fe and P on and around and inside the contaminated biochar particle. Immobilization of the Pb and Cd also occurred to cation exchange on the porous carbon structure.", "keywords": ["China", "anzsrc-for: 4105 Pollution and Contamination", "Soil remediation", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "4102 Ecological Applications", "Aged biochar", "02 engineering and technology", "41 Environmental Sciences", "01 natural sciences", "630", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental Sciences", "4105 Pollution and Contamination", "anzsrc-for: 40 Engineering", "Soil", "anzsrc-for: 34 Chemical sciences", "Metals", " Heavy", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Organic Chemicals", "anzsrc-for: 03 Chemical Sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Oryza", "Heavy", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Heavy metal pollution", "anzsrc-for: 4102 Ecological Applications", "Carbon", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "Lead", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "Rice paddy", "Adsorption", "anzsrc-for: 09 Engineering", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jssas.2011.04.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-02", "title": "Long Term Effect Of Irrigation With The Treated Sewage Effluent On Some Soil Properties Of Al-Hassa Governorate, Saudi Arabia", "description": "AbstractA case study was undertaken to assess the long-term effect of sewage irrigation on some soil properties and heavy metals concentrations in the soils of the date palm at Al-Hassa Governorate, Saudi Arabia. Eighty-two surface soil samples were collected from the studying area. Half of it was collected from an area irrigated for more than 13years with treated sewage effluent. Meanwhile the rest of soil samples were collected from an area irrigated with well water. Furthermore, samples from sewage effluents and well water used for irrigation were collected and analyzed mainly for their chemical composition and their metal contents. The obtained results pertaining irrigation water analysis indicated that sewage effluents were found to contain higher content of Pb, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, As, Cd, Fe, Mn and Ni compared to well water. On the other hand data emphasized the role of sewage effluent irrigation on increasing heavy metals as well as organic matter contents in the soil samples when comparing with the respective values found in the soil irrigated with well water. The soil salinity ranged from 3.58 to 20.7dSm\u22121 with an average of 7.9dSm\u22121 due to irrigation with well water. While the respective soil salinity due to irrigation for long period with the treated sewage effluent ranged from 2.5 to 3.69dSm\u22121 with an average of 2.8dSm\u22121. There was an increase in organic matter content ranging from 17% to 30% in sewage-irrigated soil samples as compared to well water-irrigated ones. On an average, the soil pH dropped by 0.3U as a result of sewage irrigation. Long term sewage irrigation resulted in significant build-up of total concentration of Zn (130%), Pb (55%), Fe (82%), Ni (84%), Mn (30%), Cu (40%), Cr (75%), Co (78%) and As (67%) in sewage-irrigated soil samples over adjacent well water-irrigated soil samples.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Water quality", "Heavy metals", "Agriculture (General)", "Well water", "Sewage effluent", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Sandy soil", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S.E. El-Maghraby, A. El-Eter, A.M. Al Omron, Mahmoud Nadeem, H. Al-Mohani,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2011.04.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20the%20Saudi%20Society%20of%20Agricultural%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jssas.2011.04.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jssas.2011.04.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jssas.2011.04.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.105", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-10", "title": "Impact Of Long-Term Organic Residue Recycling In Agriculture On Soil Solution Composition And Trace Metal Leaching In Soils", "description": "Recycling composted organic residues in agriculture can reduce the need of mineral fertilizers and improve the physicochemical and biological properties of cultivated soils. However, some trace elements may accumulate in soils following repeated applications and impact other compartments of the agrosystems. This study aims at evaluating the long-term impact of such practices on the composition of soil leaching water, especially on trace metal concentrations. The field experiment QualiAgro started in 1998 on typical loess Luvisol of the Paris Basin, with a maize-wheat crop succession and five modalities: spreading of three different urban waste composts, farmyard manure (FYM), and no organic amendment (CTR). Inputs of trace metals have been close to regulatory limits, but supplies of organic matter and nitrogen overpassed common practices. Soil solutions were collected from wick lysimeters at 45 and 100 cm in one plot for each modality, during two drainage periods after the last spreading. Despite wide temporal variations, a significant effect of treatments on major solutes appears at 45 cm: DOC, Ca, K, Mg, Na, nitrate, sulphate and chloride concentrations were higher in most amended plots compared to CTR. Cu concentrations were also significantly higher in leachates of amended plots compared to CTR, whereas no clear effect emerged for Zn. The influence of amendments on solute concentrations appeared weaker at 1 m than at 45 cm, but still significant and positive for major anions and DOC. Average concentrations of Cu and Zn at 1m depth lied in the ranges [2.5; 3.8] and [2.5; 10.5 \u03bcg/L], respectively, with values slightly higher for plots amended with sewage sludge compost or FYM than for CTR. However, leaching of both metals was less than 1% of their respective inputs through organic amendments. For Cd, most values were <0.05 \u03bcg/L. So, metals added through spreading of compost or manure during 14 years may have increased metal concentrations in leachates of amended plots, in spite of increased soil organic matter, factor of metal retention. Indeed, DOC, also increased by amendments, favours the mobility of Cu; whereas pH variations, depending on treatments, influence negatively the solubility of Zn. Generic adsorption functions of these variables partly explain the variations of trace metal concentrations and helped to unravel the numerous processes induced by regular amendments with organic waste products.", "keywords": ["cultivated soil", "2. Zero hunger", "550", "trace element", "Agriculture", "heavy metal", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Refuse Disposal", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "11. Sustainability", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "Soil Pollutants", "Recycling", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "organic amendment", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.105"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.105", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.105", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.105"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-06", "title": "Community Structure Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated With Robinia Pseudoacacia In Uncontaminated And Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils", "description": "The significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil remediation has been widely recognized because of their ability to promote plant growth and increase phytoremediation efficiency in heavy metal (HM) polluted soils by improving plant nutrient absorption and by influencing the fate of the metals in the plant and soil. However, the symbiotic functions of AMF in remediation of polluted soils depend on plant\u2013fungus\u2013soil combinations and are greatly influenced by environmental conditions. To better understand the adaptation of plants and the related mycorrhizae to extreme environmental conditions, AMF colonization, spore density and community structure were analyzed in roots or rhizosphere soils of Robinia pseudoacacia. Mycorrhization was compared between uncontaminated soil and heavy metal contaminated soil from a lead\u2013zinc mining region of northwest China. Samples were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) screening with AMF-specific primers (NS31 and AM1), and sequencing of rRNA small subunit (SSU). The phylogenetic analysis revealed 28 AMF group types, including six AMF families: Glomeraceae, Claroideoglomeraceae, Diversisporaceae, Acaulosporaceae, Pacisporaceae, and Gigasporaceae. Of all AMF group types, six (21%) were detected based on spore samples alone, four (14%) based on root samples alone, and five (18%) based on samples from root, soil and spore. Glo9 (Rhizophagus intraradices), Glo17 (Funneliformis mosseae) and Acau3 (Acaulospora sp.) were the three most abundant AMF group types in the current study. Soil Pb and Zn concentrations, pH, organic matter content, and phosphorus levels all showed significant correlations with the AMF species compositions in root and soil samples. Overall, the uncontaminated sites had higher species diversity than sites with heavy metal contamination. The study highlights the effects of different soil chemical parameters on AMF colonization, spore density and community structure in contaminated and uncontaminated sites. The tolerant AMF species isolated and identified from this study have potential for application in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated areas.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "Pollution and Contamination", "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi", "Environmental interactions", "Soil Science", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biological Sciences", "15. Life on land", "16. Peace & justice", "Heavy metal pollution", "Microbiology", "Phytoremediation", "Soil sciences", "Robinia pseudoacacia", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.03.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agronomy11091817", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-10", "title": "Assessment of Capsicum annuum L. Grown in Controlled and Semi-Controlled Environments Irrigated with Greywater Treated by Floating Wetland Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Accumulation of trace elements, including heavy metals, were evaluated in soil and fruits of chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under both laboratory-controlled and semi-controlled greenhouse location conditions. Chilli plant biomass growth in different development stages and fruit productivity were evaluated and compared with each other for the impact of growth boundary conditions and water quality effects. Treated synthetic greywaters by different operational design set-ups of floating treatment wetland systems were recycled for watering chillies in both locations. Effluents of each individual group of treatment set-up systems were labelled to feed sets of three replicates of chilli plants in both locations. Results revealed that the treated synthetic greywater (SGW) complied with thresholds for irrigation water, except for high concentrations (HC) of phosphates, total suspended soils, and some trace elements, such as cadmium. Chilli plants grew in both locations with different growth patterns in each development stage. First blooming and high counts of flowers were observed in the laboratory. Higher fruit production was noted for greenhouse plants: 2266 chilli fruits with a total weight of 16.824 kg with an expected market value of GBP 176.22 compared to 858 chilli fruits from the laboratory with a weight of 3.869 kg and an estimated price of GBP 17.61. However, trace element concentrations were detected in chilli fruits with the ranking order of occurrence as: Mg &gt; Ca &gt; Na &gt; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Al &gt; Mn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; B. The highest concentrations of accumulated Cd (3.82 mg/kg), Cu (0.56 mg/kg), and Na (0.56 mg/kg) were recorded in chilli fruits from the laboratory, while greater accumulations of Ca, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni with concentrations of 4.73, 1.30, 0.20, 0.21, and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively, were linked to fruits from the greenhouse. Trace elements in chilli plant soils followed the trend: Mg &gt; Fe &gt; Al &gt; Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; B. The accumulated concentrations in either chilli fruits or the soil were above the maximum permissible thresholds, indicating the need for water quality improvements.</p></article>", "keywords": ["agricultural water management", "2. Zero hunger", "soil pollution", "S", "greywater recycling", "Agriculture", "<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "14. Life underwater", "constructed floating wetland", "heavy metal accumulation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/61848/1/agronomy-11-01817-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150458/1/agronomy-11-01817-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091817"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agronomy11091817", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agronomy11091817", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agronomy11091817"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs13224615", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-17", "title": "Spatiotemporal Prediction and Mapping of Heavy Metals at Regional Scale Using Regression Methods and Landsat 7", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil contamination by heavy metals is of particular concern, due to the direct negative impact on crop yield, food quality and human health. Although the conventional approach to monitor heavy metals relies on field sampling and lab analysis, the proliferation in the use of portable spectrometers has reduced the cost and time of investigation. However, discrepancies in spectral data from different spectrometers increase the modeling time and undermine the model accuracy for spatial mapping. This study, therefore, took advantage of the readily accessible Landsat 7 data to predict and map the spatiotemporal distribution of ten heavy metals (i.e., Sb, Pb, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd and As) over a 640 km2 area in Belgium. The Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) database of a region in north-eastern Belgium was used to retrieve variation in heavy metals concentrations over time and space, using the Landsat 7 imagery for four single dates in 2009, 2013, 2016 and 2020. Three regression methods, namely, partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to model and predict the heavy metal concentrations for 2009. By comparing these models unbiasedly, the best model was selected for predicting and mapping the heavy metal distributions for 2013, 2016 and 2020. RF turned out to be the optimal model for 2009 with a coefficient of determination of prediction (R2P) and residual prediction deviation of prediction (RPDP) ranging from 0.62 to 0.92, and 1.23 to 2.79, respectively. The measured heavy metal distributions along the river floodplains, at the highlands and in the lowlands, were generally high, compared to their RF spatiotemporal predictions, which decreased over time. Increasing moisture contents in the floodplains adjacent to the river channels and the lowlands were the primary contributors to the reduction in the satellite reflectance spectra. However, topsoil erosion from rainfall, snowmelt as well as wind into the lowlands could have influenced the reduction in heavy metal spatiotemporal predicted values over time in the highlands. The spatiotemporal prediction maps produced for the heavy metals for the four different years revealed a good spatial similarity and consistency with the measured maps for 2009, which indicates their stability over the years.</p></article>", "keywords": ["PROVINCE", "Landsat 7", "analysis", "Science", "random forest (RF)", "MOISTURE", "01 natural sciences", "NIR SPECTROSCOPY", "spatiotemporal analysis", "AGRICULTURAL SOILS", "spatiotemporal", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "RANGE", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "MULTIVARIATE", "TOPSOILS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "soil heavy metal; Landsat 7; partial least squares regression (PLSR); random forest (RF); support vector machine (SVM); spatiotemporal analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "support vector machine (SVM)", "soil heavy metal", "partial least squares regression (PLSR)"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224615"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs13224615", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs13224615", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs13224615"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/microorganisms13040848", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-10", "title": "Assessing Microbial Activity and Rhizoremediation in Hydrocarbon and Heavy Metal-Impacted Soil", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Rhizodegradation enhances pollutant degradation through plant\u2013microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Plant roots provide a colonisation surface and root exudates that promote microbial abundance and activity, facilitating organic pollutant breakdown via direct microbial degradation and co-metabolism. This study assessed the rhizodegradation of weathered petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) in heavy metal co-contaminated soil in a microcosm-scale pot trial. Treatments included Sinapis alba, Lolium perenne, a L. perenne + Trifolium repens mix, and Cichorium intybus, alongside a non-planted control. After 14 weeks, PHC concentrations were analysed via gas chromatography, and rhizosphere microbial communities were characterised through sequencing. Sinapis alba achieved the highest PHC degradation (68%), significantly exceeding the non-planted control (p &lt; 0.05, Kruskal\u2013Wallis test). Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, including KCM-B-112, C1-B045, Hydrogenophaga, unclassified Saccharimonadales sp., and Pedobacter, were enriched in the rhizosphere, with the uncultured clade mle1-27 potentially contributing indirectly. Metals analysis of plant tissues showed that mustard could accumulate copper more than lead and zinc, despite higher concentrations of zinc and lead in the soil. These results highlight the potential of S. alba for rhizoremediation in PHC\u2013heavy metal co-contaminated soils.</p></article>", "keywords": ["petroleum hydrocarbons", "bioremediation", "QH301-705.5", "microbial communities", "phytoremediation", "Biology (General)", "heavy metals", "rhizodegradation", "Article"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Robert Conlon, David N. Dowling, Kieran J. Germaine,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040848"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/microorganisms13040848", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/microorganisms13040848", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/microorganisms13040848"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/s21103544", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:22:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-20", "title": "Platinum-Based Interdigitated Micro-Electrode Arrays for Reagent-Free Detection of Copper", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Water is a precious resource that is under threat from a number of pressures, including, for example, release of toxic compounds, that can have damaging effect on ecology and human health. The current methods of water quality monitoring are based on sample collection and analysis at dedicated laboratories. Recently, electrochemical-based methods have attracted a lot of attention for environmental sensing owing to their versatility, sensitivity and their ease of integration with cost effective, smart and portable readout systems. In the present work, we report on the fabrication and characterization of platinum-based interdigitated microband electrodes arrays, and their application for trace detection of copper. Using square wave voltammetry after acidification with mineral acids, a limit of detection of 0.8 \u03bcg/L was achieved. Copper detection was also undertaken on river water samples and compared with standard analytical techniques. The possibility of controlling the pH at the surface of the sensors\u2014thereby avoiding the necessity to add mineral acids\u2014was investigated. By applying potentials to drive the water splitting reaction at one comb of the sensor\u2019s electrode (the protonator), it was possible to lower the pH in the vicinity of the sensing electrode. Detection of standard copper solutions down to 5 \u03bcg/L (ppb) using this technique is reported. This reagent free method of detection opens the way for autonomous, in situ monitoring of pollutants in water bodies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Chemical technology", "electrochemical sensors", "pH control", "TP1-1185", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metals", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "environmental monitoring", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3544/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103544"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sensors", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/s21103544", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/s21103544", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/s21103544"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:20:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-06-11", "title": "Decline In Topsoil Microbial Quotient, Fungal Abundance And C Utilization Efficiency Of Rice Paddies Under Heavy Metal Pollution Across South China", "description": "Open AccessLos suelos agr\u00edcolas han estado cada vez m\u00e1s sujetos a la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales pesados en todo el mundo. Sin embargo, los impactos en la estructura y actividad de la comunidad microbiana del suelo de los suelos de campo a\u00fan no se han caracterizado bien. En 2009 se recolectaron muestras de tierra vegetal de campos de arroz contaminados con metales pesados (PS) y sus campos de fondo (BGS) en cuatro sitios del sur de China. Los cambios con la contaminaci\u00f3n met\u00e1lica en relaci\u00f3n con el BGS en el tama\u00f1o y la estructura de la comunidad de los microorganismos del suelo se examinaron con m\u00faltiples ensayos microbiol\u00f3gicos de medici\u00f3n de carbono de biomasa (MBC) y nitr\u00f3geno (MBN), recuento en placa de colonias cultivables y an\u00e1lisis de \u00e1cidos grasos fosfol\u00edpidos (PLFA) junto con el perfil de electroforesis en gel de gradiente desnaturalizante (DGGE) del gen de ARNr 16S y ARNr 18S y ensayo de PCR en tiempo real. Adem\u00e1s, se llev\u00f3 a cabo una incubaci\u00f3n de laboratorio de 7 d\u00edas a una temperatura constante de 25 \u00b0C para realizar un seguimiento adicional de los cambios en la actividad metab\u00f3lica. Si bien la disminuci\u00f3n de la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales en MBC y MBN, as\u00ed como en el tama\u00f1o de la poblaci\u00f3n cultivable, el contenido total de PLFA y el n\u00famero de bandas DGGE de bacterias no se observaron de manera significativa y consistente, de hecho se observ\u00f3 una reducci\u00f3n significativa de la contaminaci\u00f3n por metales en el cociente microbiano, en el tama\u00f1o de la poblaci\u00f3n f\u00fangica cultivable y en la proporci\u00f3n de PLFA f\u00fangicos a bacterianos de manera consistente en todos los sitios en una medida que var\u00eda de 6% a 74%. Adem\u00e1s, se observ\u00f3 un aumento consistentemente significativo en el cociente metab\u00f3lico de hasta un 68% bajo contaminaci\u00f3n en todos los sitios. Estas observaciones apoyaron un cambio de la comunidad microbiana con disminuci\u00f3n en su abundancia, disminuci\u00f3n en la proporci\u00f3n de hongos y, por lo tanto, en la eficiencia de utilizaci\u00f3n de C bajo contaminaci\u00f3n en los suelos. Adem\u00e1s, las proporciones de cociente microbiano, de hongos a bacterias y qCO2 son mejores indicativas de los impactos de los metales pesados en la estructura y actividad de la comunidad microbiana. Los efectos potenciales de estos cambios en el ciclo del carbono y la producci\u00f3n de CO2 en los arrozales contaminados merecen m\u00e1s estudios de campo.", "keywords": ["Microbial population biology", "Colony Count", " Microbial", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Sociology", "Soil water", "Soil Pollutants", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "Principal Component Analysis", "Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis", "Ecology", "Q", "Fatty Acids", "R", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biota", "Pollution", "6. Clean water", "FOS: Sociology", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Medicine", "Research Article", "Environmental Monitoring", "16S ribosomal RNA", "China", "Microorganism", "Environmental Impact of Heavy Metal Contamination", "Nitrogen", "Science", "Population", "Soil Science", "Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Environmental science", "Microbial Ecology", "12. Responsible consumption", "Metals", " Heavy", "Genetics", "Biology", "Demography", "Bacteria", "Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Oryza", "15. Life on land", "Topsoil", "Carbon", "Agronomy", "RNA", " Ribosomal", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038858"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLoS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0038858", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0038858"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.15376/biores.7.4.5666-5676", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:20:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-09-22", "title": "The Reduction Of Wheat Cd Uptake In Contaminated Soil Via Biochar Amendment: A Two-Year Field Experiment", "description": "A field study involving wheat production was extended in order to study the effects of biochar (BC) amendment in paddy soil that had long-term contamination of Cd. The BC was used as an amendment in Cd-contaminated soil for its special property. BC was amended at rates of 10 to 40 t ha-1 during the rice season before rice transplantation in 2009. BC amendments increased soil pH by 0.11 to 0.24 and by 0.09 to 0.24 units, respectively, while the soil CaCl2-extracted Cd was reduced by 10.1% to 40.2% and by 10.0% to 57.0% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Consequently, the total wheat Cd uptake was decreased by 16.8% to 37.3% and by 6.5% to 28.3%. Wheat grain Cd concentration was reduced by 24.8% to 44.2% and by 14.0% to 39.2% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. The BC application in soil reduced Cd phyto-availability in two wheat seasons possibly by raising soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC). Therefore, BC may be used for soil remediation, but not to reduce Cd uptake to an adequate level for food production on Cd contaminated soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Wheat", "Soil amendment", "Biochar (BC)", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Heavy metal contamination", "TP248.13-248.65", "6. Clean water", "Cd", "Biotechnology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.4.5666-5676"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/BioResources", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.15376/biores.7.4.5666-5676", "name": "item", "description": "10.15376/biores.7.4.5666-5676", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.15376/biores.7.4.5666-5676"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3537993/v2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:20:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-01", "title": "Metal(loid) tolerance, accumulation, and phytoremediation potential of wetland macrophytes for multi-metal(loid)s polluted water.", "description": "<title>Abstract</title>         <p>Natural based solutions, notably constructed/artificial wetland treatment systems, rely heavily on identification and use of macrophytes with the ability to tolerate multiple contaminants and grow for an extended period to reduce contamination. The potential to tolerate and remediate metal(loid) contaminated groundwater from an industrial site located in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed for 10 wetland macrophytes (including <italic>Carex riparia, Cyperus longus, Cyperus rotundus, Iris pseudacorus, Juncus effusus, Lythrum salicaria, Menta aquatica, Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus,</italic> and <italic>Typha angustifolia</italic>). The experiment was conducted under static conditions, where plants were exposed to polluted acidic (pH~4)water, having high level of metal(loid)s for 15 days. Plant biomass, morphology, and metal uptake by roots and shoots were analysed every 5 days for all species. <italic>T. angustifolia</italic> and <italic>S. holoschoenus </italic>produced ~3 and ~1.1 times more dried biomass than the controls, respectively. For <italic>S. holoschoenus, P. australis,</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic>, no apparent morphological stress symptoms were observed, and plant heights were similar between control and plants exposed to polluted groundwater. Higher concentrations of all metal(loid)s were detected in the roots indicating a potential for phytostabilization of metal(loid)s below the water column. For <italic>J. effusus</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic>, Cd, Ni, and Zn accumulation was observed higher in the shoots. <italic>S. holoschoenus</italic>, <italic>P. australis,</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic> are proposed for restoration and phytostabilization strategies in natural and/or constructed wetland and aquatic ecosystems affected by metal(loid) inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "570", "Constructed wetlands", "15. Life on land", "Biorremediaci\u00f3n", "6. Clean water", "Macrophytes", "Agua-Contaminaci\u00f3n", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Heavy metals", "Water-Pollution", "Belgium", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "Metals", " Heavy", "Phytostabilization", "Groundwater", "Bioremediation", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3537993/v2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3537993/v2", "name": "item", "description": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-3537993/v2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3537993/v2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/ma14216566", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-02", "title": "Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Heavy Metal Sorption Capacity of Biochar from Poultry Manure", "description": "<p>Sorption properties of various biochars have been extensively investigated by many researchers. One of the parameters that have a significant impact on sorption properties is pyrolysis temperature. This paper presents a study on the effect of pyrolysis temperature (425, 575, 725 \uffc2\uffb0C) on the sorption properties of poultry-manure-derived biochar (BPM). The produced biochars, i.e., BPM425, BPM575 and BPM725, demonstrated specific properties at 425, 525 and 752 \uffc2\uffb0C such as high pH (10.40, 10.65 and 12.45), high ash contents (52.07, 61.74 and 78.38%) and relatively low BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) surface area (11, 17 and 19 m2\uffc2\uffb7g\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The analysis of the mineral phases of the BPMs confirmed the buffering capacity. The investigated biochars were tested for sorption of Zn, Cd and Pb in mono-, double- and triple-metal batch sorption tests. According to the obtained results, biochar produced at a temperature of 575 \uffc2\uffb0C (BPM575) can function as a sufficient sorbent for the removal of Zn, Cd and Pb from a water solution. The presented results do not confirm the effect of competing metal ions on the sorption efficiency of the selected metals by the investigated biochars. Based on that, the studied biochar sorbents can be used in environments contaminated with many metals.</p>", "keywords": ["ADSORPTION", "sorption", "pyrolysis temperature", "poultry manure", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "PERFORMANCE", "FEEDSTOCK SOURCES", "01 natural sciences", "AQUEOUS-SOLUTION", "Article", "MECHANISMS", "CARBON", "Chemistry", "poultry manure; biochar; pyrolysis temperature; sorption; heavy metals; soil contamination", "REMOVAL", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "CD(II)", "STRAW", "biochar", "heavy metals", "FRACTIONS", "soil contamination", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6566/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/ma14216566", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/ma14216566", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/ma14216566"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.26240/heal.ntua.27962", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-15", "title": "An Assessment of Liquid Biofuel Value Chains from Heavy-Metal Contaminated Feedstock", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The present work aims to identify alternative liquid biofuel value chain scenarios utilizing heavy metal (HM)-contaminated biomass feedstocks. The analysis is based on breaking down existing liquid biofuel value chains, focusing on the required adaptations needed for clean biofuel production. State-of-the-art and emerging liquid biofuel production options are reviewed. The potential implications caused by the HM load in the biomass feedstock are analyzed along the whole biofuel production chain, which includes pre-processing, conversion and post-processing stages. The fate of the most common HM species present in contaminated biomass is identified and graphically represented for advanced (second generation) biofuel conversion processes. This information synthesis leads to the description of alternative value chains, capable of producing HM-free biofuel. This work goes a step further than existing reviews of experiments and simulations regarding heavy metal-contaminated biomass (HMCB) valorization to biofuels since feasible value chains are described by synthesizing the findings of the several studies examined. By defining the adapted value chains, the \u201croad is paved\u201d toward establishing realistic process chains and determining system boundaries, which actually are essential methodological steps of various critical evaluation and optimization methodologies, such as Life Cycle Assessment, supply chain optimization and techno-economic assessment of the total value chain.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Biofuel upgrading", "\u0391\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Fuel", "Liquid biofuels", "\u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1", "7. Clean energy", "contaminated biomass feedstock", "\u039c\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1", "TP315-360", "Heavy metals", "\u03a5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1", "13. Climate action", "Value chains", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Contaminated biomass feedstock", "liquid biofuels", "heavy metals", "value chains", "\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/3/3/31/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.27962"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Fuels", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.26240/heal.ntua.27962", "name": "item", "description": "10.26240/heal.ntua.27962", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.26240/heal.ntua.27962"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-17", "title": "Soil Saprobic Fungi Differ in Their Response to Gradually and Abruptly Delivered Copper", "description": "The overwhelming majority of studies examining environmental change deliver treatments abruptly, although, in fact, many important changes are gradual. One example of a gradually increasing environmental stressor is heavy metal contamination. Essential heavy metals, such as copper, play an important role within cells of living organisms but are toxic at higher concentrations. In our study, we focus on the effects of copper pollution on filamentous soil fungi, key players in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. We hypothesize that fungi exposed to gradually increasing copper concentrations have higher chances for physiological acclimation and will maintain biomass production and accumulate less copper, compared to fungi abruptly exposed to the highest copper concentration. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with 17 fungal isolates exposed to gradual and abrupt copper addition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we find diverse idiosyncratic responses, such that for many fungi gradually increasing copper concentrations have more severe effects (stronger growth inhibition and higher copper accumulation) than an abrupt increase. While a number of environmental change studies have accumulated evidence based on the magnitude of changes, the results of our study imply that the rate of change can be an important factor to consider in future studies in ecology, environmental science, and environmental management.", "keywords": ["Microbiology (medical)", "heavy metal stress", "0301 basic medicine", "copper toxicity", "0303 health sciences", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen", " Pilze", " Algen", "temporal dynamics", "filamentous fungi", "579", "environmental change", "15. Life on land", "gradual and abrupt stress", "Microbiology", "QR1-502", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/fuels3030031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-08-15", "title": "An Assessment of Liquid Biofuel Value Chains from Heavy-Metal Contaminated Feedstock", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The present work aims to identify alternative liquid biofuel value chain scenarios utilizing heavy metal (HM)-contaminated biomass feedstocks. The analysis is based on breaking down existing liquid biofuel value chains, focusing on the required adaptations needed for clean biofuel production. State-of-the-art and emerging liquid biofuel production options are reviewed. The potential implications caused by the HM load in the biomass feedstock are analyzed along the whole biofuel production chain, which includes pre-processing, conversion and post-processing stages. The fate of the most common HM species present in contaminated biomass is identified and graphically represented for advanced (second generation) biofuel conversion processes. This information synthesis leads to the description of alternative value chains, capable of producing HM-free biofuel. This work goes a step further than existing reviews of experiments and simulations regarding heavy metal-contaminated biomass (HMCB) valorization to biofuels since feasible value chains are described by synthesizing the findings of the several studies examined. By defining the adapted value chains, the \u201croad is paved\u201d toward establishing realistic process chains and determining system boundaries, which actually are essential methodological steps of various critical evaluation and optimization methodologies, such as Life Cycle Assessment, supply chain optimization and techno-economic assessment of the total value chain.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Biofuel upgrading", "\u0391\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Fuel", "Liquid biofuels", "\u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1", "7. Clean energy", "contaminated biomass feedstock", "\u039c\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1", "TP315-360", "Heavy metals", "\u03a5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1", "13. Climate action", "Value chains", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Contaminated biomass feedstock", "liquid biofuels", "heavy metals", "value chains", "\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/3/3/31/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels3030031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Fuels", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/fuels3030031", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/fuels3030031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/fuels3030031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/plants13060818", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:21:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-13", "title": "Enhancing Phytoextraction Potential of Brassica napus for Contaminated Dredged Sediment Using Nitrogen Fertilizers and Organic Acids", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Dredged sediment contaminated with heavy metals can be remediated through phytoremediation. The main challenge in phytoremediation is the limited availability of heavy metals for plant uptake, particularly in multi-contaminated soil or sediment. This study aimed to assess the effect of the nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulfate (AS), and urea (UR)), organic acids (oxalic (OA) and malic (MA) acids), and their combined addition to sediment on enhancing the bioavailability and phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metals. The sediment dredged from Begej Canal (Serbia) had high levels of Cr, Cd, Cu, and Pb and was used in pot experiments to cultivate energy crop rapeseed (Brassica napus), which is known for its tolerance to heavy metals. The highest accumulation and translocation of Cu, Cd, and Pb were observed in the treatment with AN at a dose of 150 mg N/kg (AN150), in which shoot biomass was also the highest. The application of OA and MA increased heavy metal uptake but resulted in the lowest biomass production. A combination of MA with N fertilizers showed high uptake and accumulation of Cr and Cu.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Brassica napus", "dredged sediment", "Botany", "contaminated soils", "rapeseed", "phytoremediation", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "6. Clean water", "<i>Brassica napus</i>", "phytoextraction", "nitrogen fertilizers", "13. Climate action", "QK1-989", "organic acids", "heavy metals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/818/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13060818"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/plants13060818", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/plants13060818", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/plants13060818"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/w11020302", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:22:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-12", "title": "Water Quality Changes during Riverbank Filtration in Budapest, Hungary", "description": "<p>The paper gives an overview on the changes in water quality during riverbank filtration (RBF) in Budapest. As water from the Danube River is of high quality, no problems occur during regular operation of RBF systems. Additionally, water quality improved through the past three decades due to the implementation of communal wastewater treatment plants and the decline of extensive use of artificial fertilizers in agriculture. Algae counts are used as tracer indicators to identify input of surface water into wells and to make decisions regarding shutdowns during floods. RBF systems have a high buffering capacity and resistance against accidental spills of contaminants in the river, which was proven during the red mud spill in October 2010. The removal rate of microorganisms was between 1.5 log and 3.5 log efficiency and is in the same order as for other RBF sites worldwide.</p>", "keywords": ["riverbank filtration", "nitrate", "13. Climate action", "organic carbon", "11. Sustainability", "14. Life underwater", "heavy metals", "microorganisms", "water quality", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/2/302/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020302"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/w11020302", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/w11020302", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/w11020302"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3846/16486897.2011.557473", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:22:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-16", "title": "Anthropogenic Effects On Heavy Metals And Macronutrients Accumulation In Soil And Wood Of Pinus Sylvestris L.", "description": "<p>The investigation is focused on the uptake of heavy metals and macronutrients fluxes in Pinus sylvestris L. wood and soil under the sampled trees from contaminated and control sites. Soil pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and total and bioavailable heavy metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) and macronutrients, potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) were compared on contaminated and control sites. Also, metal uptake of contaminated and control pine woods was determined. Concentrations of soil bioavailable Cd (0.009 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Pb (0.11 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Cu (0.076 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Zn (0.51 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and K (24.42 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Mg (8.44 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) on the contaminated plot were significantly higher (p &amp;lt; 0.001) than on the control plot 0.00004 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921for Cd, 0.007 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for Pb, 0.002 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for Cu, 0.22 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for Zn and 7.81 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for K, 2.40 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921for Mg. In addition, the percentage of bioavailable metals in contaminated soils was higher. Pb (34.49 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Cu (0.258 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Zn (1.36 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and K, Mg concentrations in wood were statistically higher than on the control site Pb (0.01 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Cu (0.172 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), Zn (0.93 mg kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921), at p &amp;lt; 0.05 and p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively. Cd did not show any significant difference in concentration on the contaminated plot in comparison to the control site. Santrauka Pagrindinis tiriamojo darbo tikslas \uffe2\uff80\uff93 nustatyti sunki\uffc5\uffb3j\uffc5\uffb3 metal\uffc5\uffb3 kiek\uffc4\uffaf paprastosios pu\uffc5\uffa1ies (Pinus sylvestris L.), augusios \uffc5\uffa1alia buvusios Ekrano gamyklos Panev\uffc4\uff97\uffc5\uffbeyje, medienoje bei palyginti su augusios kontrolin\uffc4\uff97je teritorijoje. \uffc4\uffaevertinta ir palyginta abiej\uffc5\uffb3 teritorij\uffc5\uffb3 dirvo\uffc5\uffbeemis, nustatyta dirvo\uffc5\uffbeemio pH, bendrosios anglies kiekis (TOC), \uffc4\uffafvertintos sumin\uffc4\uff97 ir judriosios faz\uffc4\uff97s sunki\uffc5\uffb3j\uffc5\uffb3 metal\uffc5\uffb3 \uffe2\uff80\uff93 \uffc5\uffa1vino (Pb), kadmio (Cd), vario (Cu), cinko (Zn) bei makroelement\uffc5\uffb3 \uffe2\uff80\uff93 kalio (K) ir magnio(Mg) koncentracijos. Nustatyta \uffc4\uffaf pu\uffc5\uffa1\uffc5\uffb3 medien\uffc4\uff85 u\uffc5\uffbeter\uffc5\uffa1toje ir kontrolin\uffc4\uff97je teritorijose patekusi\uffc5\uffb3 metal\uffc5\uffb3 kiekiai. Akivaizdu, kad judriosios faz\uffc4\uff97s metal\uffc5\uffb3 koncentracijos u\uffc5\uffbeter\uffc5\uffa1toje teritorijoje (Cd \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,009 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Pb \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,11 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Cu \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,076 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Zn \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,51 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 ir K \uffe2\uff80\uff93 24,42 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Mg \uffe2\uff80\uff93 8,44 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931) yra didesn\uffc4\uff97s (p &amp;lt; 0,001) nei kontrolin\uffc4\uff97je(Cd \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,000 04 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Pb \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,007 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Cu \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,000 2 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Zn \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,22 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931 ir K \uffe2\uff80\uff93 7,81 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Mg \uffe2\uff80\uff93 2,40 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931). Pb (34,5 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Cu (0,258 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Zn (1,36 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931) ir K bei Mg koncentracijos buvo statisti\uffc5\uffa1kaididesn\uffc4\uff97s u\uffc5\uffbeter\uffc5\uffa1toje teritorijoje (p &amp;lt; 0,05) augusios pu\uffc5\uffa1ies medienoje nei kontrolin\uffc4\uff97s (p &amp;lt; 0,001) \uffe2\uff80\uff93 Pb \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,01 mg kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Cu \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,172 mg\uffc2\uffb7kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931, Zn \uffe2\uff80\uff93 0,93 mg kg\uffe2\uff80\uff931. Cd koncentracija u\uffc5\uffbeter\uffc5\uffa1toje teritorijoje augusios pu\uffc5\uffa1ies medienoje nedaug skyr\uffc4\uff97si nuo kontrolin\uffc4\uff97s. \uffd0\uffa0\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb7\uffd1\uff8e\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uff93\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd1\uff8e \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff83\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb1\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbe \uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbf\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff8c \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbe \uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb6\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8b\uffd1\uff85 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb4\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 (Pinus sylvestris L.) \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffb2\uffd1\uff88\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb3\uffd0\uffbe \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb0 \uffc2\uffab\uffd0\uffad\uffd0\uffba\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff81\uffc2\uffbb \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uff9f\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb6\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff8c \uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb3\uffd0\uffbe \uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8. \uffd0\uff92 \uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb1\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffbf\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb2\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb1\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff85 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb9,\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbf\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd \uffd0\uffbf\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c \uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uff9d \uffd0\uffbf\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb2\uffd1\uff8b, \uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff89\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbe \uffd1\uff83\uffd0\uffb3\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb0 (\uffd0\uff9e\uffd0\uff9a\uffd0\uffa3), \uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff89\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbc\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb6\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8b\uffd1\uff85 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2 \uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb0 (Pb), \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f (Cd), \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb8 (Cu), \uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb0 (Zn), \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffba\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff8d\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f (K) \uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb3\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f (Mg). \uffd0\uffa2\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb6\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe \uffd0\uffbf\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbf\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb4\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff83 \uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff8b \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb3\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff85. \uffd0\uff97\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb4\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f: \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f \uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbc\uffd1\uff8b\uffd1\uff85 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb2 Cd (0,009 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Pb (0,11 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Cu (0,076 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Zn (0,51 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931) \uffd0\uffb8 K (24,42 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Mg (8,44 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931) \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb3\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffb2\uffd1\uff8b\uffd1\uff88\uffd0\uffb5 (p &amp;lt; 0.001), \uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbc \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9, \uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe Cd (0,00004 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Pb (0,007 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Cu (0,002 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Zn (0,22 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931) ir K (7,81 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Mg (2,40 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931). \uffd0\uff9a\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 Pb (34,49 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Cu (0,258 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Zn (1,36 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), K \uffd0\uffb8 Mg \uffd0\uffb2 \uffd0\uffb4\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffb1\uffd1\uff8b\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffb2\uffd1\uff8b\uffd1\uff88\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb3\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 (p &amp;lt; 0,05), \uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbc \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 (p &amp;lt; 0,001) \uffe2\uff80\uff93 Pb (0,01 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Cu (0,172 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931), Zn (0,93 \uffd0\uffbc\uffd0\uffb3\uffc2\uffb7\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffb3\uffe2\uff80\uff931). \uffd0\uff9a\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff8f Cd \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffb3\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff8f\uffd0\uffb7\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff83\uffd1\uff89\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb2\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb5 \uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff87\uffd0\uffb0\uffd0\uffbb\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff81\uffd1\uff8c \uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb5\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb0\uffd1\uff86\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8 \uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffb0 \uffd0\uffba\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbd\uffd1\uff82\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffbb\uffd1\uff8c\uffd0\uffbd\uffd0\uffbe\uffd0\uffb9 \uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffb5\uffd1\uff80\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd1\uff82\uffd0\uffbe\uffd1\uff80\uffd0\uffb8\uffd0\uffb8.</p>", "keywords": ["macroelements", "Pinus sylvestris L", "Environmental engineering", "TA170-171", "heavy metals", "metal accumulation", "01 natural sciences", "soil contamination", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2011.557473"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Engineering%20and%20Landscape%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3846/16486897.2011.557473", "name": "item", "description": "10.3846/16486897.2011.557473", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3846/16486897.2011.557473"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10773/25427", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:26:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-01-07", "title": "Toxicokinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to metal-contaminated soils under different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content", "description": "This study evaluated how different combinations of air temperature (20\u202f\u00b0C and 25\u202f\u00b0C) and soil moisture content (50% and 30% of the soil water holding capacity, WHC), reflecting realistic climate change scenarios, affect the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn and Cd in the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Earthworms were exposed for 21\u202fd to two metal-contaminated soils (uptake phase), followed by 21\u202fd incubation in non-contaminated soil (elimination phase). Body Zn and Cd concentrations were checked in time and metal uptake (k1) and elimination (k2) rate constants determined; metal bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated as k1/k2. Earthworms showed extremely fast uptake and elimination of Zn, regardless of the exposure level. Climate conditions had no major impacts on the bioaccumulation kinetics of Zn, although a tendency towards lower k1 and k2 values was observed at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. Earthworm Cd concentrations gradually increased with time upon exposure to metal-contaminated soils, especially at 50% WHC, and remained constant or slowly decreased following transfer to non-contaminated soil. Different combinations of air temperature and soil moisture content changed the bioaccumulation kinetics of Cd, leading to higher k1 and k2 values for earthworms incubated at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a050% WHC and slower Cd kinetics at 25\u00a0\u00b0C\u00a0+\u00a030% WHC. This resulted in greater BAFs for Cd at warmer and drier environments which could imply higher toxicity risks but also of transfer of Cd within the food chain under the current global warming perspective.", "keywords": ["Soil invertebrates", "Bioavailability", "Climate Change", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "02 engineering and technology", "Global Warming", "01 natural sciences", "Soil", "Metals", " Heavy", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "Oligochaeta", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Triazines", "Temperature", "Water", "Bioaccumulation", "Mining wastes", "Toxicokinetics", "Zinc", "Heavy metals", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Pollution", "Cadmium"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10773/25427"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10773/25427", "name": "item", "description": "10773/25427", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10773/25427"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15024429", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:23:56Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Climate change and the transformation of non-toxic sediments into toxic soils", "description": "RestrictedENG: In recent years, the floodplain lakes of the Vistula River in Poland have been drying up and the sediments have been transforming into soils. The data show changes in physical and chemical properties between the sediments and the soils that developed from them. The study included texture, pH, hydrolytic acidity, total alkaline cations, total nitrogen, organic carbon, total content of Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P as well as heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and their speciation. In addition, a toxicity assessment of both materials was performed.   PL: W ostatnich latach starorzecza Wis\u0142y wysychaj\u0105, a osady przekszta\u0142caj\u0105 si\u0119 w gleby. Dane pokazuj\u0105 zmiany w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci fizycznych i chemicznych mi\u0119dzy osadami a glebami, kt\u00f3re si\u0119 z nich wykszta\u0142ci\u0142y. Badania obejmowa\u0142y uziarnienie, pH, kwasowo\u015b\u0107 hydrolityczn\u0105, ca\u0142kowit\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107 kation\u00f3w zasadowych, azot ca\u0142kowity, w\u0119giel organiczny, ca\u0142kowit\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107 Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, a tak\u017ce metali ci\u0119\u017ckich (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) i ich specjacj\u0119. Ponadto przeprowadzono ocen\u0119 toksyczno\u015bci obydwu materia\u0142\u00f3w.", "keywords": ["small lakes", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "sediments", "toxicity assessment", "15. Life on land", "heavy metals", "heavy metal speciation", "6. Clean water", "soil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Gmitrowicz-Iwan, Joanna", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15024429"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15024429", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15024429", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15024429"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.16841981", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:24:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-10", "title": "Assessment of Capsicum annuum L. Grown in Controlled and Semi-Controlled Environments Irrigated with Greywater Treated by Floating Wetland Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Accumulation of trace elements, including heavy metals, were evaluated in soil and fruits of chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under both laboratory-controlled and semi-controlled greenhouse location conditions. Chilli plant biomass growth in different development stages and fruit productivity were evaluated and compared with each other for the impact of growth boundary conditions and water quality effects. Treated synthetic greywaters by different operational design set-ups of floating treatment wetland systems were recycled for watering chillies in both locations. Effluents of each individual group of treatment set-up systems were labelled to feed sets of three replicates of chilli plants in both locations. Results revealed that the treated synthetic greywater (SGW) complied with thresholds for irrigation water, except for high concentrations (HC) of phosphates, total suspended soils, and some trace elements, such as cadmium. Chilli plants grew in both locations with different growth patterns in each development stage. First blooming and high counts of flowers were observed in the laboratory. Higher fruit production was noted for greenhouse plants: 2266 chilli fruits with a total weight of 16.824 kg with an expected market value of GBP 176.22 compared to 858 chilli fruits from the laboratory with a weight of 3.869 kg and an estimated price of GBP 17.61. However, trace element concentrations were detected in chilli fruits with the ranking order of occurrence as: Mg &gt; Ca &gt; Na &gt; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Al &gt; Mn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; B. The highest concentrations of accumulated Cd (3.82 mg/kg), Cu (0.56 mg/kg), and Na (0.56 mg/kg) were recorded in chilli fruits from the laboratory, while greater accumulations of Ca, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni with concentrations of 4.73, 1.30, 0.20, 0.21, and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively, were linked to fruits from the greenhouse. Trace elements in chilli plant soils followed the trend: Mg &gt; Fe &gt; Al &gt; Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; B. The accumulated concentrations in either chilli fruits or the soil were above the maximum permissible thresholds, indicating the need for water quality improvements.</p></article>", "keywords": ["agricultural water management", "2. Zero hunger", "soil pollution", "S", "greywater recycling", "Agriculture", "<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "14. Life underwater", "constructed floating wetland", "heavy metal accumulation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/61848/1/agronomy-11-01817-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150458/1/agronomy-11-01817-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16841981"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.16841981", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.16841981", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.16841981"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10259/7472", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:25:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-21", "title": "Sustainability of phytoremediation: Post-harvest stratagems and economic opportunities for the produced metals contaminated biomass", "description": "Heavy metals (HMs) are indestructible and non-biodegradable. Phytoremediation presents an opportunity to transfer HMs from environmental matrices into plants, making it easy to translocate from one place to another. The ornate features of HMs' phytoremediation are biophilia and carbon neutrality, compared to the physical and chemical remediation methods. Some recent studies related to LCA also support that phytoremediation is technically more sustainable than competing technologies. However, one major post-application challenge associated with HMs phytoremediation is properly managing HMs contaminated biomass generated. Such a yield presents the problem of reintroducing HMs into the environment due to natural decomposition and release of plant sap from the harvested biomass. The transportation of high yields can also make phytoremediation economically inviable. This review presents the design of a sustainable phytoremediation strategy using an ever-evolving life cycle assessment tool. This review also discusses possible post-phytoremediation biomass management strategies for the HMs contaminated biomass management. These strategies include composting, leachate compaction, gasification, pyrolysis, torrefaction, and metal recovery. Further, the commercial outlook for properly utilizing HMs contaminated biomass was presented.", "keywords": ["Contaminated biomass", "Agricultura", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Phytoremediation", "12. Responsible consumption", "Life cycle assessment", "Soil", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Heavy metals", "13. Climate action", "Metals", " Heavy", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Postharvest management", "Soil Pollutants", "Biomass", "Metal recovery", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10259/7472"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10259/7472", "name": "item", "description": "10259/7472", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10259/7472"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10259/9749", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:25:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-01", "title": "Metal(loid) tolerance, accumulation, and phytoremediation potential of wetland macrophytes for multi-metal(loid)s polluted water.", "description": "<title>Abstract</title>         <p>Natural based solutions, notably constructed/artificial wetland treatment systems, rely heavily on identification and use of macrophytes with the ability to tolerate multiple contaminants and grow for an extended period to reduce contamination. The potential to tolerate and remediate metal(loid) contaminated groundwater from an industrial site located in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed for 10 wetland macrophytes (including <italic>Carex riparia, Cyperus longus, Cyperus rotundus, Iris pseudacorus, Juncus effusus, Lythrum salicaria, Menta aquatica, Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus,</italic> and <italic>Typha angustifolia</italic>). The experiment was conducted under static conditions, where plants were exposed to polluted acidic (pH~4)water, having high level of metal(loid)s for 15 days. Plant biomass, morphology, and metal uptake by roots and shoots were analysed every 5 days for all species. <italic>T. angustifolia</italic> and <italic>S. holoschoenus </italic>produced ~3 and ~1.1 times more dried biomass than the controls, respectively. For <italic>S. holoschoenus, P. australis,</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic>, no apparent morphological stress symptoms were observed, and plant heights were similar between control and plants exposed to polluted groundwater. Higher concentrations of all metal(loid)s were detected in the roots indicating a potential for phytostabilization of metal(loid)s below the water column. For <italic>J. effusus</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic>, Cd, Ni, and Zn accumulation was observed higher in the shoots. <italic>S. holoschoenus</italic>, <italic>P. australis,</italic> and <italic>T. angustifolia</italic> are proposed for restoration and phytostabilization strategies in natural and/or constructed wetland and aquatic ecosystems affected by metal(loid) inputs.</p>", "keywords": ["580", "570", "Constructed wetlands ; Metals/metabolism [MeSH] ; Groundwater ; Phytostabilization ; Wetlands [MeSH] ; Metals", " Heavy/metabolism [MeSH] ; Heavy metals ; Macrophytes ; Water Pollutants", " Chemical/metabolism [MeSH] ; Research Article ; Biodegradation", " Environmental [MeSH] ; Belgium [MeSH]", "Constructed wetlands", "15. Life on land", "Biorremediaci\u00f3n", "6. Clean water", "Macrophytes", "Agua-Contaminaci\u00f3n", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "Heavy metals", "Water-Pollution", "Belgium", "Metals", "13. Climate action", "Wetlands", "Metals", " Heavy", "Phytostabilization", "Groundwater", "Bioremediation", "Water Pollutants", " Chemical", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10259/9749"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Science%20and%20Pollution%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10259/9749", "name": "item", "description": "10259/9749", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10259/9749"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-12-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10754/680032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:26:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-26", "title": "Pollution and edaphic factors shape bacterial community structure and functionality in historically contaminated soils", "description": "Studies about biodegradation potential in soils often refer to artificially contaminated and simplified systems, overlooking the complexity associated with contaminated sites in a real context. This work aims to provide a holistic view on microbiome assembly and functional diversity in the model site SIN Brescia-Caffaro (Italy), characterized by historical and uneven contamination by organic and inorganic compounds. Here, physical and chemical analyses and microbiota characterization were applied on one-hundred-twenty-seven soil samples to unravel the environmental factors driving bacterial community assembly and biodegradation potential in three former agricultural fields. Chemical analyses showed a patchy distribution of metals, metalloids and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and allowed soil categorization according to depth and area of collections. Likewise, the bacterial community structure, described by molecular fingerprinting and 16S rRNA gene analyses, was significantly different according to collection site and depth. Pollutant concentrations (i.e., hexachloro-biphenyls, arsenic and mercury), nitrogen content and parameters related to soil texture were identified as main drivers of microbiota assembly, being significantly correlated to bacterial community composition. Moreover, bacteria putatively involved in the aerobic degradation of PCBs were enriched over the total bacterial community in topsoils, where the highest activity was recorded using fluorescein hydrolysis as proxy. Metataxonomic analyses revealed the presence of bacteria having metabolic pathways related to PCB degradation and tolerance to heavy metals and metalloids in the topsoil samples collected in all areas. Overall, the provided dissection of soil microbiota structure and its degradation potential in the SIN Brescia-Caffaro can contribute to target specific areas for rhizoremediation implementation. Metagenomics studies could be implemented in the future to understand if specific degradative pathways are present in historically polluted sites characterized by the co-occurrence of multiple classes of contaminants.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "15. Life on land", "Polychlorinated Biphenyls", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "Biodegradation", " Environmental", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Environmental selection; Heavy metals; PCB; Soil microbiota; bphA", "Soil Pollutants", "Soil Microbiology", "Metalloids"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/935372/3/Mapelli%2bet%2bal_MS_04032022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/935372/4/1-s2.0-S0944501322001847-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10754/680032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microbiological%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10754/680032", "name": "item", "description": "10754/680032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10754/680032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3200304843", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:27:36Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-10", "title": "Assessment of Capsicum annuum L. Grown in Controlled and Semi-Controlled Environments Irrigated with Greywater Treated by Floating Wetland Systems", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Accumulation of trace elements, including heavy metals, were evaluated in soil and fruits of chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under both laboratory-controlled and semi-controlled greenhouse location conditions. Chilli plant biomass growth in different development stages and fruit productivity were evaluated and compared with each other for the impact of growth boundary conditions and water quality effects. Treated synthetic greywaters by different operational design set-ups of floating treatment wetland systems were recycled for watering chillies in both locations. Effluents of each individual group of treatment set-up systems were labelled to feed sets of three replicates of chilli plants in both locations. Results revealed that the treated synthetic greywater (SGW) complied with thresholds for irrigation water, except for high concentrations (HC) of phosphates, total suspended soils, and some trace elements, such as cadmium. Chilli plants grew in both locations with different growth patterns in each development stage. First blooming and high counts of flowers were observed in the laboratory. Higher fruit production was noted for greenhouse plants: 2266 chilli fruits with a total weight of 16.824 kg with an expected market value of GBP 176.22 compared to 858 chilli fruits from the laboratory with a weight of 3.869 kg and an estimated price of GBP 17.61. However, trace element concentrations were detected in chilli fruits with the ranking order of occurrence as: Mg &gt; Ca &gt; Na &gt; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Al &gt; Mn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; B. The highest concentrations of accumulated Cd (3.82 mg/kg), Cu (0.56 mg/kg), and Na (0.56 mg/kg) were recorded in chilli fruits from the laboratory, while greater accumulations of Ca, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni with concentrations of 4.73, 1.30, 0.20, 0.21, and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively, were linked to fruits from the greenhouse. Trace elements in chilli plant soils followed the trend: Mg &gt; Fe &gt; Al &gt; Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; B. The accumulated concentrations in either chilli fruits or the soil were above the maximum permissible thresholds, indicating the need for water quality improvements.</p></article>", "keywords": ["agricultural water management", "2. Zero hunger", "soil pollution", "S", "greywater recycling", "Agriculture", "<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "11. Sustainability", "14. Life underwater", "constructed floating wetland", "heavy metal accumulation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/61848/1/agronomy-11-01817-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150458/1/agronomy-11-01817-v3.pdf"}, {"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1817/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3200304843"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3200304843", "name": "item", "description": "3200304843", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3200304843"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:26:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-11-17", "title": "Spatiotemporal Prediction and Mapping of Heavy Metals at Regional Scale Using Regression Methods and Landsat 7", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Soil contamination by heavy metals is of particular concern, due to the direct negative impact on crop yield, food quality and human health. Although the conventional approach to monitor heavy metals relies on field sampling and lab analysis, the proliferation in the use of portable spectrometers has reduced the cost and time of investigation. However, discrepancies in spectral data from different spectrometers increase the modeling time and undermine the model accuracy for spatial mapping. This study, therefore, took advantage of the readily accessible Landsat 7 data to predict and map the spatiotemporal distribution of ten heavy metals (i.e., Sb, Pb, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd and As) over a 640 km2 area in Belgium. The Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) database of a region in north-eastern Belgium was used to retrieve variation in heavy metals concentrations over time and space, using the Landsat 7 imagery for four single dates in 2009, 2013, 2016 and 2020. Three regression methods, namely, partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to model and predict the heavy metal concentrations for 2009. By comparing these models unbiasedly, the best model was selected for predicting and mapping the heavy metal distributions for 2013, 2016 and 2020. RF turned out to be the optimal model for 2009 with a coefficient of determination of prediction (R2P) and residual prediction deviation of prediction (RPDP) ranging from 0.62 to 0.92, and 1.23 to 2.79, respectively. The measured heavy metal distributions along the river floodplains, at the highlands and in the lowlands, were generally high, compared to their RF spatiotemporal predictions, which decreased over time. Increasing moisture contents in the floodplains adjacent to the river channels and the lowlands were the primary contributors to the reduction in the satellite reflectance spectra. However, topsoil erosion from rainfall, snowmelt as well as wind into the lowlands could have influenced the reduction in heavy metal spatiotemporal predicted values over time in the highlands. The spatiotemporal prediction maps produced for the heavy metals for the four different years revealed a good spatial similarity and consistency with the measured maps for 2009, which indicates their stability over the years.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Technology", "PROVINCE", "Landsat 7", "analysis", "Science", "Environmental Sciences & Ecology", "random forest (RF)", "MOISTURE", "01 natural sciences", "NIR SPECTROSCOPY", "0203 Classical Physics", "Remote Sensing", "0909 Geomatic Engineering", "spatiotemporal analysis", "AGRICULTURAL SOILS", "Geosciences", " Multidisciplinary", "Imaging Science & Photographic Technology", "spatiotemporal", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "RANGE", "Q", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "MULTIVARIATE", "TOPSOILS", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Physical Sciences", "soil heavy metal; Landsat 7; partial least squares regression (PLSR); random forest (RF); support vector machine (SVM); spatiotemporal analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "support vector machine (SVM)", "4013 Geomatic engineering", "0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience", "soil heavy metal", "partial least squares regression (PLSR)", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "3701 Atmospheric sciences", "Environmental Sciences", "3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4615/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "name": "item", "description": "1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1854/LU-01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "21.15107/rcub_fiver_3105", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-05-30T16:26:48Z", "type": "Report", "title": "The possibility of energy plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated sediment", "description": "Industrialization and human activities have resulted in the release of various contaminants into the aquatic ecosystem. As a result of the discharge of untreated wastewater, heavy metals are often present in the sediment. Phytoremediation is the environmentally friendly process of using plants and their associated microbes for environmental cleanup due to their intensive uptake of contaminants. To assess the phytoremediation ability of different species of energy plant, pot tests were conducted. The heavy metal contaminated sediment from Begej Canal was used. Pot experiments were performed in the open field under natural weather conditions, in pots filled with 20 kg of sediment. Plants selected for pot trials were rapeseed (Brassica napus), white mustard (Brassica alba), hemp (Cannabis sativa), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Pots with rapeseed were treated with commercial products for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR (TrifenderPro, PanoramaBio, and BioEho). Ten weeks after sowing, harvest was performed, and the below- and above-ground biomasses were measured. The contaminated sediment did not affect plant growth and obtained biomass. Among rape-seed trials, the highest biomass was obtained in the treatment with PGPR TrifenderPro. The plant samples were digested, and the content of Pb, Cr, and Cu was analyzed. Bioaccumulation (BAF) and translocation factors (TF) were calculated. In the case of Cr, the highest BAF was obtained for rapeseed with no treatment and with TrifenderPro treatment, and hemp. In the case of Cu the highest BAF was obtained for sunflower. TF was <1, which indicates that the main mechanism of metal removal is phytostabilization, not phytoextraction.", "keywords": ["phytoextraction", "sediment", "13. Climate action", "energy crops", "heavy metals", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Stojanov, Nade\u017eda, \u0110ukanovi\u0107, Nina, Zeremski-\u0160kori\u0107, Tijana, Maleti\u0107, Sne\u017eana, Marjanovi\u0107-Jeromela, Ana,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/21.15107/rcub_fiver_3105"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "21.15107/rcub_fiver_3105", "name": "item", "description": "21.15107/rcub_fiver_3105", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/21.15107/rcub_fiver_3105"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3162250016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:27:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-20", "title": "Platinum-Based Interdigitated Micro-Electrode Arrays for Reagent-Free Detection of Copper", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Water is a precious resource that is under threat from a number of pressures, including, for example, release of toxic compounds, that can have damaging effect on ecology and human health. The current methods of water quality monitoring are based on sample collection and analysis at dedicated laboratories. Recently, electrochemical-based methods have attracted a lot of attention for environmental sensing owing to their versatility, sensitivity and their ease of integration with cost effective, smart and portable readout systems. In the present work, we report on the fabrication and characterization of platinum-based interdigitated microband electrodes arrays, and their application for trace detection of copper. Using square wave voltammetry after acidification with mineral acids, a limit of detection of 0.8 \u03bcg/L was achieved. Copper detection was also undertaken on river water samples and compared with standard analytical techniques. The possibility of controlling the pH at the surface of the sensors\u2014thereby avoiding the necessity to add mineral acids\u2014was investigated. By applying potentials to drive the water splitting reaction at one comb of the sensor\u2019s electrode (the protonator), it was possible to lower the pH in the vicinity of the sensing electrode. Detection of standard copper solutions down to 5 \u03bcg/L (ppb) using this technique is reported. This reagent free method of detection opens the way for autonomous, in situ monitoring of pollutants in water bodies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Chemical technology", "electrochemical sensors", "pH control", "TP1-1185", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metals", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "environmental monitoring", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3544/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3162250016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sensors", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3162250016", "name": "item", "description": "3162250016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3162250016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC12029208", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:29:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-10", "title": "Assessing Microbial Activity and Rhizoremediation in Hydrocarbon and Heavy Metal-Impacted Soil", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Rhizodegradation enhances pollutant degradation through plant\u2013microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Plant roots provide a colonisation surface and root exudates that promote microbial abundance and activity, facilitating organic pollutant breakdown via direct microbial degradation and co-metabolism. This study assessed the rhizodegradation of weathered petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) in heavy metal co-contaminated soil in a microcosm-scale pot trial. Treatments included Sinapis alba, Lolium perenne, a L. perenne + Trifolium repens mix, and Cichorium intybus, alongside a non-planted control. After 14 weeks, PHC concentrations were analysed via gas chromatography, and rhizosphere microbial communities were characterised through sequencing. Sinapis alba achieved the highest PHC degradation (68%), significantly exceeding the non-planted control (p &lt; 0.05, Kruskal\u2013Wallis test). Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, including KCM-B-112, C1-B045, Hydrogenophaga, unclassified Saccharimonadales sp., and Pedobacter, were enriched in the rhizosphere, with the uncultured clade mle1-27 potentially contributing indirectly. Metals analysis of plant tissues showed that mustard could accumulate copper more than lead and zinc, despite higher concentrations of zinc and lead in the soil. These results highlight the potential of S. alba for rhizoremediation in PHC\u2013heavy metal co-contaminated soils.</p></article>", "keywords": ["petroleum hydrocarbons", "bioremediation", "QH301-705.5", "microbial communities", "phytoremediation", "Biology (General)", "heavy metals", "rhizodegradation", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/PMC12029208"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC12029208", "name": "item", "description": "PMC12029208", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC12029208"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC8161293", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:29:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-05-19", "title": "Platinum-Based Interdigitated Micro-Electrode Arrays for Reagent-Free Detection of Copper", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Water is a precious resource that is under threat from a number of pressures, including, for example, release of toxic compounds, that can have damaging effect on ecology and human health. The current methods of water quality monitoring are based on sample collection and analysis at dedicated laboratories. Recently, electrochemical-based methods have attracted a lot of attention for environmental sensing owing to their versatility, sensitivity and their ease of integration with cost effective, smart and portable readout systems. In the present work, we report on the fabrication and characterization of platinum-based interdigitated microband electrodes arrays, and their application for trace detection of copper. Using square wave voltammetry after acidification with mineral acids, a limit of detection of 0.8 \u03bcg/L was achieved. Copper detection was also undertaken on river water samples and compared with standard analytical techniques. The possibility of controlling the pH at the surface of the sensors\u2014thereby avoiding the necessity to add mineral acids\u2014was investigated. By applying potentials to drive the water splitting reaction at one comb of the sensor\u2019s electrode (the protonator), it was possible to lower the pH in the vicinity of the sensing electrode. Detection of standard copper solutions down to 5 \u03bcg/L (ppb) using this technique is reported. This reagent free method of detection opens the way for autonomous, in situ monitoring of pollutants in water bodies.</p></article>", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Chemical technology", "electrochemical sensors", "pH control", "TP1-1185", "02 engineering and technology", "heavy metals", "0210 nano-technology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water", "environmental monitoring", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/10/3544/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC8161293"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Sensors", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC8161293", "name": "item", "description": "PMC8161293", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC8161293"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1f9100cf-297c-4d1c-903b-95f73e4b4be2", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "above ground tree biomass"}, {"id": "evapotranspiration"}, {"id": "Fagus sylvatica"}, {"id": "forest ecology"}, {"id": "forest ecosystems"}, {"id": "forest mensuration"}, {"id": "forest meteorology"}, {"id": "heavy metals"}, {"id": "leaf area index"}, {"id": "litter weight"}, {"id": "matric potential"}, {"id": "nutrients"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "soil water"}, {"id": "temperate forests"}, {"id": "transpiration"}, {"id": "trees"}, {"id": "tree and stand measurement"}, {"id": "water balance"}, {"id": "weather data"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Lebensr\u00e4ume und Biotope"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "Intensive forest monitoring"}, {"id": "dendrometry"}, {"id": "deposition"}, {"id": "tential nutrients"}, {"id": "tree biomass"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Beerenbusch"}, {"id": "Rheinsberg"}, {"id": "Brandenburg"}, {"id": "Germany"}], "scheme": "Individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. 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[{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Matthias Lemme", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lemme@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Regina Richter", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rrichter@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 3/9, table: Tree growth"}, "links": [{"href": 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner / author.", "updated": "2023-04-26", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2022-04-26", "language": "eng", "title": "Monitoring of tree growth, water relations and element budget of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest ecosystem in Brandenburg, Germany - Soil hydrology", "description": "Soil water content and soil matric potential at different soil depths and stem distances using different sensor types and temporal resolution (hourly to fortnightly).\n\nGeneral description see mother table: (https://doi.org/10.4228/zalf-s0sr-3c05); Related datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["above ground tree biomass", "evapotranspiration", "Fagus sylvatica", "forest ecology", "forest ecosystems", "forest mensuration", "forest meteorology", "heavy metals", "leaf area index", "litter weight", "matric potential", "nutrients", "soil", "soil water", "temperate 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{"name": "Matthias Lemme", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lemme@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Regina Richter", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rrichter@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 5/9, table: Soil hydrology"}, "links": [{"href": 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{"id": "cadmium"}, {"id": "copper"}, {"id": "concentration (value)"}, {"id": "soil degradation"}, {"id": "zinc"}, {"id": "lead"}, {"id": "ecosystem degradation"}, {"id": "agricultural land"}, {"id": "land use"}, {"id": "nutrient"}, {"id": "soil pollution"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "European"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "Temporal resolution"}], "updated": "2026-02-20T10:14:12.508692Z", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "Concentrations of heavy metals and nutrients in agricultural soils", "description": "The concentration of heavy metals and nutrients in agriculture soil contains:\n1) current and critical metal concentrations and its exceedances in topsoils, as well as data related to the current and critical metal inputs to and outputs from soils (uptake, accumulation and leaching) and the resulting exceedances of critical metal inputs. The metals included in this data set are cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). \n2) The series contains the current nitrogen (N) and critical phosphorus (P) concentrations and their exceedances of the current and required Nitrogen Use Efficiencies (NUE) in Europe.", "keywords": ["Hungary", "Bulgaria", "Romania", "Italy", "Czechia", "France", "Denmark", "Austria", "Estonia", "Lithuania", "Slovenia", "Greece", "Ireland", "United Kingdom", "Latvia", "Portugal", "Germany", "Spain", "Finland", "Belgium", "Sweden", "Poland", "Luxembourg", "Netherlands", "Slovakia", "Land use", "environmental pressure", "soil", "heavy metal", "cadmium", "copper", "concentration (value)", "soil degradation", "zinc", "lead", "ecosystem degradation", "agricultural land", "land use", "nutrient", "soil pollution", "Soil", "Land use", "European"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "European Environment Agency", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sdi@eea.europa.eu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kongens Nytorv 6"], "city": "Copenhagen", "administrativeArea": "K", "postalCode": "1050", "country": "Denmark"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "http://www.eea.europa.eu", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "protocol_url": "", "name": "European Environment Agency public website", "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "edbbd466-b845-4e4c-acf9-905ec5e28766", "name": "item", "description": "edbbd466-b845-4e4c-acf9-905ec5e28766", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/edbbd466-b845-4e4c-acf9-905ec5e28766"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2008-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2019-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "PMC10976009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:29:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-13", "title": "Enhancing Phytoextraction Potential of Brassica napus for Contaminated Dredged Sediment Using Nitrogen Fertilizers and Organic Acids", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Dredged sediment contaminated with heavy metals can be remediated through phytoremediation. The main challenge in phytoremediation is the limited availability of heavy metals for plant uptake, particularly in multi-contaminated soil or sediment. This study aimed to assess the effect of the nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulfate (AS), and urea (UR)), organic acids (oxalic (OA) and malic (MA) acids), and their combined addition to sediment on enhancing the bioavailability and phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metals. The sediment dredged from Begej Canal (Serbia) had high levels of Cr, Cd, Cu, and Pb and was used in pot experiments to cultivate energy crop rapeseed (Brassica napus), which is known for its tolerance to heavy metals. The highest accumulation and translocation of Cu, Cd, and Pb were observed in the treatment with AN at a dose of 150 mg N/kg (AN150), in which shoot biomass was also the highest. The application of OA and MA increased heavy metal uptake but resulted in the lowest biomass production. A combination of MA with N fertilizers showed high uptake and accumulation of Cr and Cu.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Brassica napus", "dredged sediment", "Botany", "contaminated soils", "rapeseed", "phytoremediation", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "Article", "6. Clean water", "<i>Brassica napus</i>", "phytoextraction", "nitrogen fertilizers", "13. Climate action", "QK1-989", "organic acids", "heavy metals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/818/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC10976009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC10976009", "name": "item", "description": "PMC10976009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC10976009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "db2d636c-e51c-4db8-bff4-447dec69f908", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner / author.", "updated": "2023-05-02", "type": "Service", "created": "2022-04-26", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset 'Monitoring of tree growth, water relations and element budget of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest ecosystem in Brandenburg, Germany'", "description": "This AGIS Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'AGIS Map Service of the dataset 'Monitoring of tree growth, water relations and element budget of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest ecosystem in Brandenburg, Germany''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "above ground tree biomass", "leaf area", "weather data", "water balance", "evapotranspiration", "transpiration", "soil water", "matric potential", "heavy metals", "litter weight", "leaf area index", "Fagus sylvatica", "forest ecology", "forest ecosystems", "forest mensuration", "forest meteorology", "nutrients", "soil", "temperate forests", "trees", "tree and stand measurement"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - 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INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "above ground tree biomass"}, {"id": "leaf area"}, {"id": "weather data"}, {"id": "water balance"}, {"id": "evapotranspiration"}, {"id": "transpiration"}, {"id": "soil water"}, {"id": "matric potential"}, {"id": "heavy metals"}, {"id": "litter weight"}, {"id": "leaf area index"}, {"id": "Fagus sylvatica"}, {"id": "forest ecology"}, {"id": "forest ecosystems"}, {"id": "forest mensuration"}, {"id": "forest meteorology"}, {"id": "nutrients"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "temperate forests"}, {"id": "trees"}, {"id": "tree and stand measurement"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=db2d636c-e51c-4db8-bff4-447dec69f908", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Zalf/beech_forest/MapServer"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "db2d636c-e51c-4db8-bff4-447dec69f908", "name": "item", "description": "db2d636c-e51c-4db8-bff4-447dec69f908", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/db2d636c-e51c-4db8-bff4-447dec69f908"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-31.29, 27.64], [-31.29, 70.08], [31.57, 70.08], [31.57, 27.64], [-31.29, 27.64]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "environmental pressure"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}, {"id": "cadmium"}, {"id": "copper"}, {"id": "concentration (value)"}, {"id": "soil degradation"}, {"id": "zinc"}, {"id": "lead"}, {"id": "ecosystem degradation"}, {"id": "agricultural land"}, {"id": "land use"}, {"id": "nutrient"}, {"id": "soil pollution"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Hungary"}, {"id": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "Romania"}, {"id": "Italy"}, {"id": "Czechia"}, {"id": "France"}, {"id": "Denmark"}, {"id": "Austria"}, {"id": "Estonia"}, {"id": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "Greece"}, {"id": "Ireland"}, {"id": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "Latvia"}, {"id": "Portugal"}, {"id": "Germany"}, {"id": "Spain"}, {"id": "Finland"}, {"id": "Belgium"}, {"id": "Sweden"}, {"id": "Poland"}, {"id": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "Slovakia"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "Temporal resolution"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "European"}], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Land use"}], "scheme": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes"}], "updated": "2025-10-09T11:22:40.120411Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-10-07T00:00:00", "language": "eng", "title": "Concentrations of heavy metals in European agricultural soils, Oct. 2020", "description": "This data set contains current and critical metal concentrations and its exceedances in topsoils, as well as data related to the current and critical metal inputs to and outputs from soils (uptake, accumulation and leaching) and the resulting exceedances of critical metal inputs. \n\nThis data set has been compiled by the European Topic Centre on Urban, Land and Soil Systems (ETC/ULS) in the context of a study on metal and nutrient dynamics where the fate and dynamics of the most abundant heavy metals and nutrients in agricultural soils were investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of agricultural intensification in Europe, and to understand its environmental impact. Metal concentrations in soils were used from two consecutive Europe-wide geochemical surveys, sampled in 1998 (FOREGS survey) and 2009 (GEMAS survey). For land use, the 2010 Eurostat data were used. \n\nThe metals included in this data set are cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The results on the fate of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) are included in a separate dataset. Cu and Zn are minor nutrients but at high inputs, they may cause adverse impacts on soil biodiversity, whereas Cd and Pb are toxic metals that may lead to soil degradation, by both affecting soil biodiversity and food quality. Metal budgets based on spatially explicit input and output data were calculated using the INTEGRATOR model; approximately 40,000 so-called NCUs as unique combinations of soil type, administrative region, slope class and altitude class were used. Available critical limits for food, water and soil organisms, from different existing regulations and studies, were converted to soil property-dependent critical metal concentrations (soil-based quality standards), which were then used to calculate critical metal inputs. \n\nThe results allow for the first time to identifying spatial hot spots for critical environmental impact of soil pollution for the four most abundant heavy metals. It thus informs policy processes important for planning and guiding sustainable agriculture and soil management. The work is methodologically novel, as it applies endpoint risk to thresholds in soils, and thus guides future impact studies. Updates with more recent land use and soil data are now possible.\n\nThe description of the included model results and the reference report is provided under \"lineage\". The data set is provided as SHP and also in a GDB, the latter including as well the N and P concentrations. An Excel file \"Metadata heavy metals nutrients.xlsx\" with the attribute metadata is provided with the data set.", "formats": [{"name": "SHP"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "ESRI:REST"}, {"name": "OGC:WMS"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "Land use", "environmental pressure", "soil", "heavy metal", "cadmium", "copper", "concentration (value)", "soil degradation", "zinc", "lead", "ecosystem degradation", "agricultural land", "land use", "nutrient", "soil pollution", "Hungary", "Bulgaria", "Romania", "Italy", "Czechia", "France", "Denmark", "Austria", "Estonia", "Lithuania", "Slovenia", "Greece", "Ireland", "United Kingdom", "Latvia", "Portugal", "Germany", "Spain", "Finland", "Belgium", "Sweden", "Poland", "Luxembourg", "Netherlands", "Slovakia", "European", "Land use"], "contacts": [{"name": null, "organization": "European Environment Agency", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sdi@eea.europa.eu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kongens Nytorv 6"], "city": "Copenhagen", "administrativeArea": "K", "postalCode": "1050", "country": "Denmark"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "http://www.eea.europa.eu", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "protocol_url": "", "name": "European Environment Agency public website", "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": "information"}}]}, {"name": null, "organization": "European Environment Agency", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sdi@eea.europa.eu"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Kongens Nytorv 6"], "city": "Copenhagen", "administrativeArea": "K", "postalCode": "1050", "country": "Denmark"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "distancevalue": "1", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/eea_v_3035_1_km_heavy-metals-agri-soil_p_2008-2019_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099", "name": "Direct download", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://land.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/Agriculture/concentrations_of_heavy_metals_in_EU_agricultural_soils/MapServer", "protocol": "ESRI:REST", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://land.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/services/Agriculture/concentrations_of_heavy_metals_in_EU_agricultural_soils/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS", "protocol": "OGC:WMS", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099", "name": "item", "description": "f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/f23391fd-2524-42be-91cb-27d930d6a099"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["2008-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2019-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15], [12.99, 53.15]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "environment"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "above ground tree biomass"}, {"id": "evapotranspiration"}, {"id": "Fagus sylvatica"}, {"id": "forest ecology"}, {"id": "forest ecosystems"}, {"id": "forest mensuration"}, {"id": "forest meteorology"}, {"id": "heavy metals"}, {"id": "leaf area index"}, {"id": "litter weight"}, {"id": "matric potential"}, {"id": "nutrients"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "soil water"}, {"id": "temperate forests"}, {"id": "transpiration"}, {"id": "trees"}, {"id": "tree and stand measurement"}, {"id": "water balance"}, {"id": "weather data"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}, {"id": "Lebensr\u00e4ume und Biotope"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "Intensive forest monitoring"}, {"id": "dendrometry"}, {"id": "deposition"}, {"id": "tential nutrients"}, {"id": "tree biomass"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Beerenbusch"}, {"id": "Rheinsberg"}, {"id": "Brandenburg"}, {"id": "Germany"}], "scheme": "Individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data. The access to this data is restricted during embargo time. If prior access is requested, contact the data owner / author.", "updated": "2023-04-27", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2022-04-26", "language": "eng", "title": "Monitoring of tree growth, water relations and element budget of a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest ecosystem in Brandenburg, Germany", "description": "The water and element budgets and the vegetation of a mature beech forest stand (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Brandenburg, Germany were investigated over 19 years from 2001 to 2019. \nThe dataset contains data on open land and forest stand internal meteorology including soil moisture, soil matric potential, soil temperature, concentrations of macro elements and heavy metals in bulk precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, and soil solution. Data on stem growth and litterfall describe the development of the forest stand.\nThe experimental approach is similar to that of the ICP Forest level II plots (http://icp-forests.net), but additionally considers the spatial variability in the stem distance gradient for throughfall and soil solution.\nThis table contains the index of all tables forming this data collection.\n\nRelated datasets are listed in the metadata element 'Related Identifier'.\nDataset version 1.0", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["above ground tree biomass", "evapotranspiration", "Fagus sylvatica", "forest ecology", "forest ecosystems", "forest mensuration", "forest meteorology", "heavy metals", "leaf area index", "litter weight", "matric potential", "nutrients", "soil", "soil water", "temperate forests", "transpiration", "trees", "tree and stand measurement", "water balance", "weather data", "Boden", "Lebensr\u00e4ume und Biotope", "opendata", "Intensive forest monitoring", "dendrometry", "deposition", "tential nutrients", "tree biomass", "Beerenbusch", "Rheinsberg", "Brandenburg", "Germany"], "contacts": [{"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Hubert Jochheim", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "hubert.jochheim@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-8047-4553", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Hubert Jochheim", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "hubert.jochheim@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0001-8047-4553", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Dietmar L\u00fcttschwager", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "dluettschwager@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Michael Sommer", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "sommer@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0003-3673-6063", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Reinhard Kallweit", "organization": "Landeskompetenzzentrum Forst Eberswalde", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lfe@lfb.brandenburg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Alexander Russ", "organization": "Landeskompetenzzentrum Forst Eberswalde", "position": null, "roles": ["researcher"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Alexander.Russ@LFB.Brandenburg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Dieter Sowa", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "fds_sekretariat@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Matthias Lemme", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "lemme@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Regina Richter", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["dataCollector"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "rrichter@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "title_alternate": "Data collection: Part 0/9, table: Index"}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d", "rel": "information"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d", "name": "item", "description": "104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/104d0626-4f06-485f-a991-29b502700d7d"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "arsenic"}, {"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Pollution"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the License CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:34:32.201Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Arsenic (As) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total arsenic concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. The concentrations were interpolated using block regression-kriging over the 26 European countries that contributed to the database. \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHeavy metal contents are expressed in mg kg-1.\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThis metadata record is adapted from the orginal one received from JRC.", "formats": [{"name": "AAIGrid"}, {"name": "EEA:FOLDERPATH"}, {"name": "WWW:URL"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link"}], "keywords": ["Soil", "arsenic", "soil", "heavy metal", "Pollution", "Environmental health impacts", "Chemicals", "Soil", "EU28 (2013-2020)", "Albania", "Norway", "Switzerland"], "distancevalue": "5", "distanceuom": "km", "edition": "01.00"}, "links": [{"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/jrc_r_3035_5_km_esdb-hm-as_p_1997-2007_v01_r00/", "protocol": "EEA:FOLDERPATH", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "name": "Direct download (Eionet authentication)", "protocol": "WWW:URL", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/esdac/Esdac_DetailData2.cfm?id=9", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/foregshmc/", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "name": "item", "description": "7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/7a9764ac-c2b4-4953-9ef0-969d621d4d9b"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1997-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2007-12-31T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "6e63520a-598a-4051-ba52-a995d5080021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-10.58, 34.56], [-10.58, 72.0], [32.0, 72.0], [32.0, 34.56], [-10.58, 34.56]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "soil"}, {"id": "heavy metal"}, {"id": "cadmium"}], "scheme": "GEMET"}, {"concepts": [], "scheme": "http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Chemicals"}, {"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "Environmental health impacts"}, {"id": "Pollution"}], "scheme": "EEA topics"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "EU28 (2013-2020)"}, {"id": "Albania"}, {"id": "Norway"}, {"id": "Switzerland"}], "scheme": "Continents, countries, sea regions of the world."}], "rights": "Please cite as:\nReference: Rodriguez Lado, L., Hengl, T., Reuter, H.I., (2008) Heavy metals in European soils: a geostatistical analysis of the FOREGS Geochemical database. Geoderma 148, 189-199.\n\nThe use of data and content must comply with the disclaimer formulated by the \u00a9 European Commission,\nhttps://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en and the EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).", "updated": "2023-03-29T14:44:00.39Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2007-09-28", "language": "eng", "title": "Cadmium (Cd) concentration in topsoils, Sep. 2007", "description": "Maps of estimated total cadmium concentrations in soils using 1588 geo-referenced topsoil samples from the FOREGS Geochemical database. 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