{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1007/s003740050505", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Effects Of Trefoil Cover Crop And Earthworm Inoculation On Maize Crop And Soil Organisms In Reunion Island", "description": "Traditional tree fallows have been abandoned on the western coast of the Reunion Island because of the increasing need for cultivated land. Soil fertility is no longer restored and crop yields have decreased drastically. The leguminous plant, Lotus uliginosus (trefoil), used as a cover crop, has made possible the control of erosion, the restoration of soil macrofauna, especially earthworms, and the increase in crop yields. When trefoil was associated with earthworms (Amynthas corticis), the densities of maize, the yields of maize stalk and dry matter, the yield of trefoil fodder dry matter, and the biomass and respiratory activity of soil microflora were considerably increased. The combined effects of their association led to a significant decrease in populations of the plant-parasitic nematode, Pratylenchus vulnus, in maize roots, and in the population of borers. Some soil chemical features were modified.", "keywords": ["RENDEMENT", "propri\u00e9t\u00e9 physicochimique du sol", "COUVERT VEGETAL", "organisme du sol", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29111", "FAUNE DU SOL", "taux de croissance", "Zea mays", "630", "plante de couverture", "ravageur des plantes", "Pratylenchus vulnus", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33552", "Oligochaeta", "2. Zero hunger", "FERTILITE DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1936", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24794", "MICROBIOLOGIE DU SOL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182", "P34 - Biologie du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16196", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16130", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "NEMATODE", "15. Life on land", "H10 - Ravageurs des plantes", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6543", "Lotus uliginosus", "MAIS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "DYNAMIQUE DE POPULATION", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4446", "LOMBRIC"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Boyer, J., Michellon, R., Chabanne, A., /Reversat, Georges, Tibere, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050505"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050505", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050505", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050505"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-02-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-11", "title": "Effects Of Living Mulches Or Residue Amendments On Soil Microbial Properties In Direct Seeded Cropping Systems Of Madagascar", "description": "Abstract   There is growing recognition for the need to study the impact of agricultural land uses on biological and biochemical properties of soils. In Madagascar, cropping systems based on direct seeding with permanent vegetation cover provide a new means for sustainable agriculture to protect the environment and make the most of natural resources. This study assessed the effects of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil microbial biomass and activities. The soil was andic Dystrustept. Samples of the soil were taken from 0 to 5\u00a0cm soil layer of three direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC using crop residues and living mulches). The samples were compared with samples from conventionally tilled plots (CT) and natural fallows (NF). The field experiments were carried out over a 12-year-period and two types of amendment were applied once a year at sowing, farmyard manure (FYM) and farmyard manure combined with an NPK chemical fertilizer. The C and N content, microbial basal respiration and biomass and \u03b2-glucosidase, urease and acid phosphatase activities were determined. The results showed that there was no interaction between soil management strategies and the use of fertilizer. Furthermore, the fertilizer did not affect the soil C and N content or the acid phosphatase and urease activities. Farmyard manure with added NPK had a significantly greater effect than farmyard manure on its own, increasing the microbial biomass, soil respiration and \u03b2-glucosidase activity up to 26%, 52% and 20%, respectively but there was no significant difference between natural fallows and direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems. However, conventional tillage showed a significantly lower soil microbial biomass, C content, microbial respiration and urease activity than natural fallows. The results for direct seeding mulch-based systems varied according to the microbial activities measured. However, soil \u03b2-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly higher for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using crop residues than for the direct seeding mulch-based systems using living mulches. Direct seeding mulch-based systems with Desmodium uncinatum living mulch had significantly lower microbial biomass and respiration than the other direct seeding mulch-based systems. There was less evidence of change in the soil between natural fallow and direct seeding mulch-based systems but a higher build-up of some microbial properties was obtained for direct seeding mulch-based systems soil than in conventionally tilled soils and natural fallow.", "keywords": ["crop residues", "Glycine max", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "living mulch", "microbial activity", "Zea mays", "630", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167", "micro-organisme du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33553", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2604", "r\u00e9sidu de r\u00e9colte", "activit\u00e9 enzymatique", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25803", "15. Life on land", "andic Dystrustept", "semis direct", "6. Clean water", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "direct seeding", "respiration du sol", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "F04 - Fertilisation", "mati\u00e8re organique du sol"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.12.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-09", "title": "Maize\u2013Grain Legume Intercropping Is An Attractive Option For Ecological Intensification That Reduces Climatic Risk For Smallholder Farmers In Central Mozambique", "description": "Abstract   Many farmers in central Mozambique intercrop maize with grain legumes as a means to improve food security and income. The objective of this study was to understand the farming system, and to evaluate the suitability of maize\u2013legume intercropping to alleviate the biophysical and socio-economic constraints faced by smallholder farmers in Ruaca and Vunduzi villages, central Mozambique. To achieve this we characterised the farming systems and measured grain yields, rainfall infiltration, economic returns and acceptability of maize\u2013legume intercrops under different N and P application rates. Two intercropping strategies were tested: (a) an additive design of within-row intercropping in which legume was intercropped with alternating hills of maize within the same row; maize plant population was the same as sole crop maize, and (b) a substitutive design with distinct alternating rows of maize and legume (local practice). Fertiliser treatments imposed on all treatments were: (i) no fertiliser, (ii) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 , (iii) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0+\u00a030\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 , and (iv) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0+\u00a060\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 . Intercrops were relatively more productive than the corresponding sole crops; land equivalent ratios (LER) for within-row intercropping ranged between 1.1 and 2.4, and between 1.0 and 1.9 for distinct-row intercropping. Average maize yield penalty for intercropping maize and pigeonpea in the within-row was small (8%) compared with 50% in the distinct-row design; average (season\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0fertiliser) sole maize yield was 3.2\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Intercropping maize and cowpea in within-row led to maize yield loss of only 6%, whereas distinct-row intercropping reduced maize yield by 25% from 2.1\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121  of sole maize (season\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0fertiliser). Cowpea yield was less affected by intercropping: sole cowpea had an average yield of 0.9\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , distinct-row intercropping (0.8\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and the within-row intercropping yielded 0.9\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Legumes were comparatively less affected by the long dry spells which were prevalent during the study period. Response to N and P fertiliser was weak due to poor rainfall distribution. In the third season, maize in rotation with pigeonpea and without N fertiliser application yielded 5.6\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , eight times more than continuous maize which was severely infested by striga ( Striga asiatica ) and yielded only 0.7\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Rainfall infiltration increased from 6\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u22121  to 22\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u22121  with long-term maize\u2013legume intercropping due to a combination of good quality biomass production which provided mulch combined with no tillage. Intercropping maize and pigeonpea was profitable with a rate of return of at least 343% over sole maize cropping. Farmers preferred the within-row maize\u2013legume intercropping with an acceptability score of 84% because of good yields for both maize and legume. Intercropping increased the labour required for weeding by 36% compared with the sole crops. Farmers in Ruaca faced labour constraints due to extensification thus maize\u2013pigeonpea intercropping may improve productivity and help reduce the area cultivated. In Vunduzi, land limitation was a major problem and intensification through legumes is amongst the few feasible options to increase both production and productivity. The late maturity of pigeonpea means that free-grazing of cattle has to be delayed, which allows farmers to retain crop residues in the fields as mulch if they choose to; this allows the use of no-tillage practises. We conclude that maize\u2013legume intercropping has potential to: (a) reduce the risk of crop failure, (b) improve productivity and income, and (c) increase food security in vulnerable production systems, and is a feasible entry point to ecological intensification.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "agro\u00e9cologie", "petite exploitation agricole", "extensification", "nitrogen-fixation", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "analyse \u00e9conomique", "l\u00e9gume sec", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6214", "striga", "syst\u00e8me de culture", "intensification", "2. Zero hunger", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10967", "soil fertility", "1. No poverty", "facteur climatique", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Sorghum bicolor", "resource capture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_92381", "rentabilit\u00e9", "conservation agriculture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13199", "E16 - \u00c9conomie de la production", "Vigna unguiculata", "crop-rotation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29554", "Cenchrus americanus", "Zea mays", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7247", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "Life Science", "decomposition", "15. Life on land", "yield", "Maize", "cowpea", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3351", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33484", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33485", "systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2469", "culture intercalaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4964", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8247", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7113"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-23", "title": "Upland Rice Production Under Conservation Agriculture Cropping Systems In Cold Conditions Of Tropical Highlands", "description": "In response to the extensive development of upland rice on the hillsides of the Malagasy highlands, alternative cropping systems based on conservation agriculture have been recommended to halt loss of soil fertility. To assess the yield performances of these cropping systems, an experiment was set up in 2003 at Andranomanelatra (1640 m asl) in the Malagasy highlands. Grain yield, yield components, biomass accumulation and nitrogen uptake of upland rice were analyzed in the 2004-2005, 2006-2006, and 2006-2007 seasons, and root length density was measured in the 2007-2008 season. The rice crop was planted every second year following two different crops: maize intercropped with soybean (M + S, with both conventional tillage and no tillage) and maize intercropped with Brachiaria ruziziensis (M + B only with no tillage). For each cropping system, two levels of fertilization were used: no fertilizer or application of organic inputs and mineral fertilizer. The season, cropping system, and fertilization treatment had significant effects on rice grain yields. Higher yields were associated with a greater number of plants per m2, which decreased significantly over the three seasons, probably due to the highly variable beginning of the rains, and in the final season, with attacks by soil insects. The rice yield with conventional tillage was the highest and differed significantly from rice yield when maize was intercropped with Brachiaria under the no-till system, but not when the maize was intercropped with soybean with no tillage. In all three seasons, grain yields were closely linked to crop N at harvest. Differences in N uptake between treatments appeared very early in the crop cycle. Under conventional tillage, root length density at 68 days after sowing was higher between 0 and 30 cm depth than with no tillage. In these cold highlands conditions, plant establishment appeared to be more difficult with no tillage and resulted in reduced plant development and plant N uptake, particularly when rice was planted after maize intercropped with Brachiaria.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "0106 biological sciences", "Glycine max", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "630", "fertilisation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16034", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8076", "syst\u00e8me de culture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8511", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795", "F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "2. Zero hunger", "syst\u00e8me racinaire", "engrais azot\u00e9", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26419", "Oryza", "non-travail du sol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "riz pluvial", "rotation culturale", "6. Clean water", "Brachiaria ruziziensis", "densit\u00e9", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2186", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5435", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5195", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662", "F04 - Fertilisation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-26", "title": "Alley Cropping Of Maize And Gliricidia Sepium In The Sudanese Sahel Region: Some Technical Feasibility Aspects", "description": "An association in an alley cropping experiment of a short-term maize variety and a tree legume (#Gliricidia sepium#) adapted to the Sudanese Sahel region was studied from the point of view of the nitrogen balance and plot yields. Isotopic labelling applied in the field enabled the contribution to maize nitrogen nutrition from different nitrogen sources (fertilizer, prunings, and soil) to be quantified. For equal cultivated areas, alley cropping provides a maize yield greater than that of maize grown in pure stand without nitrogen fertilizer. However this yield is only 40% of that obtained in pure stands with fertilizer nitrogen. Alley cropping gives a very favourable Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) of 0.90 and 1.58 compared with N-fertilized and non-N-fertilized plots, respectively. These LERs demonstrate the increased biological efficiency of the cultivated soil in an agroforestry system. The percentage of the total nitrogen in the maize coming from prunings (Nfdp) varies between 30 and 35% and the true coefficient of nitrogen utilization of the prunings (TCUp) varies from 15-25%. In the environment of central Senegal, the percentage of total nitrogen of #G. sepium# coming from N2 fixation is quite low (Ndffix = 25%), and consequently, in the maize, the nitrogen coming from N2 fixation (Ndffix) is only 8%. It is therefore necessary to improve the efficiency of nitrogen fixation of #G. sepium# in this zone to assure the sustainability of the agroforestry system. (Resume d'auteur)", "keywords": ["Fixation de l'azote", "engrais organique", "Nitrogen", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5192", "Soil fertility", "Zea mays", "Gliricidia sepium", "fertilisation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16379", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4592", "Nitrogen fixation", "F01 - Culture des plantes", "Agroforestry", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6970", "Ecosystem", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795", "azote", "agroforesterie", "2. Zero hunger", "technique des traceurs", "engrais azot\u00e9", "nutrition des plantes", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_207", "Utilization", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7835", "Fertilization", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "culture intercalaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5195", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5196", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3278", "F04 - Fertilisation"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ndiaye, Mamadou, Ganry, Francis, Oliver, Robert,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08903060050136432"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Arid%20Soil%20Research%20and%20Rehabilitation", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/08903060050136432", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/08903060050136432"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effect Of A Legume Cover Crop (Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis) On Soil Carbon In An Ultisol Under Maize Cultivation In Southern Benin", "description": "<p>Abstract.  Long term fallow is no longer possible in densely populated tropical areas, but legume cover crops can help maintain soil fertility. Our work aimed to study changes in soil carbon in a sandy loam Ultisol in Benin, which involved a 12\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment on three maize cropping systems under manual tillage: traditional no\uffe2\uff80\uff90input cultivation (T), mineral fertilized cultivation (NPK), and association with Mucuna pruriens (M). The origin of soil carbon was also determined through the natural abundance of soil and biomass 13C. In T, NPK and M changes in soil carbon at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm were \uffe2\uff88\uff920.2, +0.2 and +1.3 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, with residue carbon amounting to 3.5, 6.4 and 10.0 t C ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921, respectively. After 12 years of experimentation, carbon originating from maize in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9340 cm) represented less than 4% of both total carbon and overall maize residue carbon. In contrast, carbon originating from mucuna in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented more than 50% of both total carbon and overall mucuna residue carbon in M, possibly due to accelerated mineralization of native soil carbon (priming effect) and slow mulch decomposition. Carbon originating from weeds in litter\uffe2\uff80\uff90plus\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil represented c. 10% of both total carbon and overall weed residue carbon in T and NPK. Thus mucuna mulch was very effective in promoting carbon sequestration in the soil studied.</p>", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "Carbon sequestration", "13C natural abundance", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil management", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170", "Npk", "SOL CULTIVE", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Soil fertility", "Zea mays", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_875", "630", "plante de couverture", "Legume cover crops", "Benin", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "legume cover crop", "Mucuna pruriens", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4971", "ANALYSE STATISTIQUE", "580", "LEGUMINEUSE TROPICALE", "Acrisol", "2. Zero hunger", "Tropical zones", "mucuna", "BIOMASSE", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1936", "P35 - Fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "Green manure crops", "RESIDU VEGETAL", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_101", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mucuna", "Soil carbon", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "soil organic carbon", "STOCK ORGANIQUE", "fertilit\u00e9 du sol", "MAIS", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "Farm/Enterprise Scale", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "FERTILISATION DU SOL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00363.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=http%3A%2F%2Faims.fao.org%2Faos%2Fagrovoc%2Fc_8504&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=http%3A%2F%2Faims.fao.org%2Faos%2Fagrovoc%2Fc_8504&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=http%3A%2F%2Faims.fao.org%2Faos%2Fagrovoc%2Fc_8504&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=http%3A%2F%2Faims.fao.org%2Faos%2Fagrovoc%2Fc_8504&offset=6", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 6, "numberReturned": 6, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T23:13:06.152150Z"}