{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "2164/9551", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-27", "title": "Plant exudates may stabilize or weaken soil depending on species, origin and time", "description": "Summary

We hypothesized that plant exudates could either gel or disperse soil depending on their chemical characteristics. Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Optic) and maize ( Zea mays L. cv. Freya) root exudates were collected using an aerated hydroponic method and compared with chia ( Salvia hispanica L.) seed exudate, a commonly used root exudate analogue. Sandy loam soil was passed through a 500 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 \uffce\uffbcm mesh and treated with each exudate at a concentration of 4.6 mg exudate g \uffe2\uff88\uff921 dry soil. Two sets of soil samples were prepared. One set of treated soil samples was maintained at 4\uffc2\uffb0C to suppress microbial processes. To characterize the effect of decomposition, the second set of samples was incubated at 16\uffc2\uffb0C for 2 weeks at \uffe2\uff88\uff9230 kPa matric potential. Gas chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry ( GC \uffe2\uff80\uff93 MS ) analysis of the exudates showed that barley had the largest organic acid content and chia the largest content of sugars (polysaccharide\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived or free), and maize was in between barley and chia. Yield stress of amended soil samples was measured by an oscillatory strain sweep test with a cone plate rheometer. When microbial decomposition was suppressed at 4\uffc2\uffb0C, yield stress increased 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold for chia seed exudate and twofold for maize root exudate compared with the control, whereas for barley root exudate decreased to half. The yield stress after 2 weeks of incubation compared with soil with suppressed microbial decomposition increased by 85% for barley root exudate, but for chia and maize it decreased by 87 and 54%, respectively. Barley root exudation might therefore disperse soil and this could facilitate nutrient release. The maize root and chia seed exudates gelled soil, which could create a more stable soil structure around roots or seeds.

Highlights

Rheological measurements quantified physical behaviour of plant exudates and effect on soil stabilization.

Barley root exudates dispersed soil, which could release nutrients and carbon.

Maize root and chia seed exudates had a stabilizing effect on soil.

Physical engineering of soil in contact with plant roots depends on the nature and origin of exudates.

", "keywords": ["construction", "0301 basic medicine", "EP/M020355/1", "seed exudate", "QH301 Biology", "610", "root exudate", "630", "QH301", "03 medical and health sciences", "DIMR 646809", "microbial decompisition", "Physical Processes and Function", "NE/L00237/1", "2. Zero hunger", "soil gelling", "BB/J000868/1", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "yield stress", "BB/J011460/1", "BB/L026058/1", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "soil dispersion", "viscosity", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial decomposition", "yeild stress", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/4980/1/Naveed_et_al-2017-European_Journal_of_Soil_Science.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/414238/1/EJSS_submitted_Manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/ejss.12487/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/9551"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/9551", "name": "item", "description": "2164/9551", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/9551"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-10-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2262/86113", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-26", "title": "Electrocatalysis of N-doped carbons in the oxygen reduction reaction as a function of pH: N-sites and scaffold effects", "description": "Abstract Metal-free nitrogenated amorphous carbon electrodes were synthesised via dc plasma magnetron sputtering and post-deposition annealing at different temperatures. The electrocatalytic activity of the electrodes towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied as a function of pH using cyclic voltammetry with a rotating disk electrode. The trends in onset potential were correlated to the carbon nanostructure and chemical composition of the electrodes as determined via Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Results suggest that: 1) the ORR activity in acidic conditions is strongly correlated to the concentration of pyridinic nitrogen sites. 2) At high pH, the presence of graphitic nitrogen sites and a graphitized carbon scaffold are the strongest predictors of high ORR onsets, while pyridinic nitrogen site density does not correlate to ORR activity. An inversion region where pyridine-mediated activity competes with graphitic-N mediated activity is identified in the pH region close to the value of pKa of the pyridinium cation. The onset of the ORR is therefore determined by the activity of different sites as a function of pH and evidence for distinct reduction reaction pathways emerges from these results.", "keywords": ["Carbon electrodes", "Nanoscience & Materials", "02 engineering and technology", "540", "Electrocatalysis", "0210 nano-technology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2262/86113"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Carbon", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2262/86113", "name": "item", "description": "2262/86113", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2262/86113"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/9808", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-22", "title": "Fluid flow in porous media using image-based modelling to parametrize Richards' equation", "description": "

The parameters in Richards' equation are usually calculated from experimentally measured values of the soil\u2013water characteristic curve and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The complex pore structures that often occur in porous media complicate such parametrization due to hysteresis between wetting and drying and the effects of tortuosity. Rather than estimate the parameters in Richards' equation from these indirect measurements, image-based modelling is used to investigate the relationship between the pore structure and the parameters. A three-dimensional, X-ray computed tomography image stack of a soil sample with voxel resolution of 6\u2009\u03bcm has been used to create a computational mesh. The Cahn\u2013Hilliard\u2013Stokes equations for two-fluid flow, in this case water and air, were applied to this mesh and solved using the finite-element method in COMSOL Multiphysics. The upscaled parameters in Richards' equation are then obtained via homogenization. The effect on the soil\u2013water retention curve due to three different contact angles, 0\u00b0, 20\u00b0 and 60\u00b0, was also investigated. The results show that the pore structure affects the properties of the flow on the large scale, and different contact angles can change the parameters for Richards' equation.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Richards\u2019 equation", "330", "EP/M020355/1", "QH301 Biology", "PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics", "530", "QH301", "03 medical and health sciences", "porous media", "646809DIMR", "Journal Article", "BB/L025620/1", "BB/J00868/1", "NE/L00237/1", "Research Articles", "0303 health sciences", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "Flows in porous media; filtration; seepage", "621", "6. Clean water", "004", "620", "3. Good health", "image-based modelling", "Richards' equation", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "BB/P004180/1", "BB/L025825/1", "European Research Council", "Finite element methods applied to problems in fluid mechanics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/4979/1/20170178.full.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/415076/1/ImageBasedRichardsPRST.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/415076/2/SupplementaryFigure.pdf"}, {"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.2017.0178"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/9808"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20A%3A%20Mathematical%2C%20Physical%20and%20Engineering%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/9808", "name": "item", "description": "2164/9808", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/9808"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2262/89232", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-18", "title": "Untangling Cooperative Effects of Pyridinic and Graphitic Nitrogen Sites at Metal\u2010Free N\u2010Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction", "description": "Abstract

Metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90free carbon electrodes with well\uffe2\uff80\uff90defined composition and smooth topography are prepared via sputter deposition followed by thermal treatment with inert and reactive gases. X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy show that three carbons of similar N/C content that differ in N\uffe2\uff80\uff90site composition are thus prepared: an electrode consisting of almost exclusively graphitic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N (NG), an electrode with predominantly pyridinic\uffe2\uff80\uff90N (NP), and one with \uffe2\uff89\uff881:1 NG:NP composition. These materials are used as model systems to investigate the activity of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90doped carbons in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using voltammetry. Results show that selectivity toward 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction of O2 is strongly influenced by the NG/NP site composition, with the material possessing nearly uniform NG/NP composition being the only one yielding a 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction. Computational studies on model graphene clusters are carried out to elucidate the effect of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90site homogeneity on the reaction pathway. Calculations show that for pure NG\uffe2\uff80\uff90doping or NP\uffe2\uff80\uff90doping of model graphene clusters, adsorption of hydroperoxide and hydroperoxyl radical intermediates, respectively, is weak, thus favoring desorption prior to complete 4e\uffe2\uff80\uff90reduction to hydroxide. Clusters with mixed NG/NP sites display synergistic effects, suggesting that co\uffe2\uff80\uff90presence of these sites improves activity and selectivity by achieving high theoretical reduction potentials while facilitating retention of intermediates.Microbes play an important role in plants and interact closely with their host starting from sprouting seeds, continuing during growth and after harvest. The discovery of their importance for plant and postharvest health initiated a biotechnological development of various antagonistic bacteria and fungi for disease control. Nevertheless, their application often showed inconsistent effects. Recently, high-throughput sequencing-based techniques including advanced microscopy reveal fruits and vegetables as holobionts. At harvest, all fruits and vegetables harbor a highly abundant and specific microbiota including beneficial, pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Especially, a high microbial diversity and resilient microbial networks were shown to be linked to fruit and vegetable health, while diseased products showed severe dysbiosis. Field and postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables was shown to affect the indigenous microbiome and therefore has a substantial impact on the storability of fruits and vegetables. Microbiome tracking can be implemented as a new tool to evaluate and assess all postharvest processes and contribute to fruit and vegetable health. Here, we summarize current research advancements in the emerging field of postharvest microbiomes and elaborate its importance. The generated knowledge provides profound insights into postharvest microbiome dynamics and sets a new basis for targeted, microbiome-driven and sustainable control strategies.

Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the energetic mechanisms and trophic dynamics that underpin microbial function in desert ecosystems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dormancy is a common strategy that facilitates microbial survival in response to water and carbon limitation.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "dormancy", "CYANOBACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES", "Trace gas", "Microbiology", "SOIL CRUSTS", "Energy reserve", "HIGH-AFFINITY", "03 medical and health sciences", "trace gas", "ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES", "Energetics", "energy reserve", "Dormancy", "SOR RONDANE MOUNTAINS", "Desert", "Photosynthesis", "106026 Ecosystem research", "CARBON-MONOXIDE", "desert", "ATACAMA DESERT", "energetics", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "photosynthesis", "COMMUNITY RESPONSE", "15. Life on land", "QR1-502", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "DRY SOIL", "13. Climate action", "MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN", "106022 Microbiology", "Minireview"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/mSystems.00495-19"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2263/74486"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/mSystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2263/74486", "name": "item", "description": "2263/74486", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2263/74486"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2263/91312", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-11-24", "title": "Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands", "description": "

Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Climate", "Edafolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "630", "3104 Producci\u00f3n Animal", "Dryland", "Soil", "636", "2511.06 Conservaci\u00f3n de Suelos", "591.5", "Climate change", "3104.90 Sistemas de Producci\u00f3n Ganadera", "biodiversity", "2. Zero hunger", "2417.13 Ecolog\u00eda Vegetal", "Qu\u00edmica", "Biodiversity", "2502 Climatolog\u00eda", "Grazing", "2401.06 Ecolog\u00eda Animal", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "ddc:570", "Rangeland", "581.5", "Ecolog\u00eda (Biolog\u00eda)", "570", "632.11", "Ecosystem services (ES)", "Livestock", "Climate Change", "631.45", "Wild", "SDG-02: Zero hunger", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Humans", "Ecosystem services", "grazing", "Herbivory", "14. Life underwater", "climate", "Institut f\u00fcr Biochemie und Biologie", "631.585", "Ecosystem", "551.583", "SDG-15: Life on land", "3103.10 Pastos", "Systems", "Drylands", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "58.032.3", "Veterinaria", "ecosystem services"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/bitstream/10451/56169/1/abq4062_CombinedPDF_v4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2263/91312"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2263/91312", "name": "item", "description": "2263/91312", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2263/91312"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2960475767", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-07-15", "title": "Biocrust science and global change", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Lichens", "Climate", "Climate Change", "Publications", "Bryophytes", "Biological soil crusts", "15. Life on land", "Cyanobacteria", "01 natural sciences", "Virtual", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Global environmental change", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "Desert Climate", "Ecosystem", "Biocrusts", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2960475767"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2960475767", "name": "item", "description": "2960475767", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2960475767"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "37487270", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-10", "title": "Quantitative image analysis of microplastics in bottled water using Artificial Intelligence", "description": "

The ubiquitous occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment and the use of plastics in packaging materials result in the presence of MPs in the food chain and the exposure of consumers. Yet, no fully validated analytical method is available for microplastic (MP) quantification, thereby preventing the reliable estimation of the level of exposure and, ultimately, the assessment of the food safety risks associated with MP contamination. In this study, a novel approach is presented that exploits interactive artificial intelligence tools to enable the automation of MP analysis. An integrated method for the analysis of MPs in bottled water based on Nile Red staining and fluorescent microscopy was developed and validated, featuring a partial interrogation of the filter and a fully automated image processing workflow based on a Random Forest classifier, thereby boosting the analysis speed. The image analysis provided particle count, size and size distribution of the MPs. From these data, a rough estimation of the mass of the individual MPs, and consequently of the MP mass concentration in the sample, could be obtained as well. Critical materials, method performance characteristics, and final applicability were studied in detail. The method showed to be highly sensitive in sizing MPs down to 10 \u00b5m, with a particle count limit of detection and quantification of 28 and 85 items/500 mL, respectively. Linearity of mass concentration determined between 10 ppb and 1.5 ppm showed a regression coefficient of (R2) of 0.99. Method precision was demonstrated by repeatability of 9 - 16% RSD (n = 7) and within-laboratory reproducibility of 15 - 27 % RSD (n = 21). Accuracy based on recovery was 92 \u00b1 15 % and 98 \u00b1 23 % at a level of 0.1 and 1.0 ppm, respectively. The quantitative performance characteristics thus obtained complied with regulatory requirements. Finally, the method was successfully applied to the analysis of twenty commercial samples of bottled water, with and without gas and flavor additives, yielding results ranging from values below the limit of detection to 7237 (95% CI [6456, 8088]) items/500 mL.

", "keywords": ["Fluorescence microscopy", "Artificial intelligence", "Bottled water", "Method validation", "Artificial Intelligence", "Microplastics", "Drinking Water", "Microplastic", "Nile red", "Reproducibility of Results", "Plastics", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/37487270"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Talanta", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "37487270", "name": "item", "description": "37487270", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/37487270"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2318/1735590", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-06", "title": "In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species", "description": "

One of the biggest challenges in classical biological control of invasive weeds is predicting the likelihood of success. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a North American plant species that has become invasive in Europe, causes economic losses due to health problems resulting from its huge amount of highly allergenic pollen and as a weed to agricultural crops resulting from high seed densities. Here we assessed whether the pollen and seed output of the annual A. artemisiifolia (at the end of the season) is related to in-season abundance of, or damage by, the accidentally introduced biological control agent Ophraella communa. We monitored the growth and leaf damage of individually labelled A. artemisiifolia plants at four locations in Northern Italy and recorded abundance of different O. communa life stages at regular intervals. We found that the in-season level of leaf damage by O. communa consistently helped to explain seed production in combination with plant volume and site throughout the season. Feeding damage, plant volume and site also explained pollen production by A. artemisiifolia six weeks before male flower formation. At three out of four sites, plants with more than 10% leaf damage in mid-June or early July had a very low likelihood of seed formation. Leaf damage proved to be a better explanatory variable than O. communa abundance. Our results suggest that the monitoring of the in-season leaf damage can help to project the local impact of O. communa on A. artemisiifolia at the end of the season and thus inform management regarding the needs for additional measures to control this prominent invader.Soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE), defined as the ratio of organic C allocated to growth over organic C taken up, strongly affects soil carbon (C) cycling. Despite the importance of the microbial CUE for the terrestrial C cycle, very little is known about how it is affected by nutrient availability. Therefore, we studied microbial CUE and microbial biomass turnover time in soils of a long-term fertilization experiment in a temperate grassland comprising five treatments (control, PK, NK, NP, NPK). Microbial CUE and the turnover of microbial biomass were determined using a novel substrate-independent method based on incorporation of 18O from labeled water into microbial DNA. Microbial respiration was 28-37% smaller in all three N treatments (NK, NP, and NPK) compared to the control, whereas the PK treatment did not affect microbial respiration. N-fertilization decreased microbial C uptake, while the microbial growth rate was not affected. Microbial CUE ranged between 0.31 and 0.45, and was 1.3- to 1.4-fold higher in the N-fertilized soils than in the control. The turnover time ranged between 80 and 113 days and was not significantly affected by fertilization. Net primary production (NPP) and the abundance of legumes differed strongly across the treatments, and the fungal:bacterial ratio was very low in all treatments. Structural equation modeling revealed that microbial CUE was exclusively controlled by N fertilization and that neither the abundance of legumes (as a proxy for the quality of the organic matter inputs) nor NPP (as a proxy for C inputs) had an effect on microbial CUE. Our results show that N fertilization did not only decrease microbial respiration, but also microbial C uptake, indicating that less C was intracellularly processed in the N fertilized soils. The reason for reduced C uptake and increased CUE in the N-fertilization treatments is likely an inhibition of oxidative enzymes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds by N in combination with a reduced energy requirement for microbial N acquisition in the fertilized soils. In conclusion, the study shows that N availability can control soil C cycling by affecting microbial CUE, while plant community-mediated changes in organic matter inputs and P and K availability played no important role for C partitioning of the microbial community in this temperate grassland.

", "keywords": ["FUNGAL", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Nitrogen addition", "BACTERIAL", "NITROGEN DEPOSITION", "GROWTH EFFICIENCY", "FOREST FLOOR", "Nutrients", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Stoichiometry", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "RESPIRATION", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "Nutrient limitation", "Microbial growth yield", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mean residence time", "STOICHIOMETRIC CONTROLS", "ENZYME-ACTIVITY", "106026 Ecosystem research", "COMMUNITY STRUCTURE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2309129852"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2309129852", "name": "item", "description": "2309129852", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2309129852"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2318/1963515", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-23", "title": "Organic carbon stabilization in temperate paddy fields and adjacent semi-natural forests along a soil age gradient", "description": "Rice paddy soils have high organic carbon (OC) storage potential, but predicting OC stocks in these soils is difficult due to the complex OC stabilization mechanisms under fluctuating redox conditions. Especially in temperate climates, these mechanisms remain understudied and comparisons to OC stocks under natural vegetation are scarce. Semi-natural forests could have similar or higher OC inputs than rice paddies, but in the latter mineralization under anoxic conditions and interactions between OC and redox-sensitive minerals (in particular Fe oxyhydroxides, hereafter referred to as Fe oxides) could promote OC stabilization. Moreover, management-induced soil redox cycling in rice paddies can interact with pre-existing pedogenetic differences of soils having different degrees of evolution. To disentangle these drivers of soil OC stocks, we focused on a soil age gradient in Northern Italy with a long (30\u00a0+\u00a0years) history of rice cultivation and remnant semi-natural forests. Irrespective of soil age, soils under semi-natural forest and paddy land-use showed comparable OC stocks. While, in topsoil, stocks of crystalline Fe and short-ranged Fe and Al oxides did not differ between land-uses, under paddy management more OC was found in the mineral-associated fraction. This hints to a stronger redox-driven OC stabilization in the paddy topsoil compared to semi-natural forest soils that might compensate for the presumed lower OC inputs under rice cropping. Despite the higher clay contents over the whole profile and more crystalline pedogenetic Fe stocks in the topsoil in older soils, OC stocks were higher in the younger soils, in particular in the 50\u201370\u00a0cm layer, where short-range ordered pedogenetic oxides were also more abundant. These patterns might be explained by differences in hydrological flows responsible for the translocation of Fe and dissolved OC to the subsoil, preferentially in the younger, coarse-textured soils. Taken together, these results indicate the importance of the complex interplay between redox-cycling affected by paddy-management and soil-age related hydrological properties.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Q", "Soil Science", "Soil carbon storage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Markvetenskap", "01 natural sciences", "Particulate organic carbon", "Fe oxyhydroxides", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Rice paddy soil", "Mineral associated organic carbon", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1963515/1/Geoderma_443_116825.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2318/1963515"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2318/1963515", "name": "item", "description": "2318/1963515", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2318/1963515"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2318/1865303", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "First Report of Multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani AG4 HG-I Causing Crown and Root Rot on Strawberry in Italy", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "Crown rot; Rhizoctonia; Root rot; Strawberry", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdf/10.1094/PDIS-06-21-1276-PDN"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2318/1865303"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Disease", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2318/1865303", "name": "item", "description": "2318/1865303", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2318/1865303"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "23892191", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-24", "title": "The Efficacy of the T-Shunt Procedure and Intracavernous Tunneling (Snake Maneuver) for Refractory Ischemic Priapism", "description": "The current management of ischemic priapism that is refractory to conventional medical therapy is a form of shunt procedure that diverts blood away from the corpus cavernosum. We assessed the outcome of the T-shunt and intracavernous tunneling for the management of ischemic priapism.During a 36-month period 45 patients presented with prolonged ischemic priapism. Patients were divided into subgroups according to the duration of priapism. All patients had an unsuccessful primary treatment, and underwent a T-shunt and intracavernous tunneling with cavernous muscle biopsies. All patients completed an IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function-5) questionnaire preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.Resolution of the priapism using a T-shunt and snake maneuver occurred in all patients with a priapism duration of less than 24 hours and in only 30% of those with priapism lasting more than 48 hours. After a 6-month median followup the IIEF-5 score was significantly reduced from a mean of 24 (range 23 to 25) preoperatively to 7.7 (range 5 to 24), which was related to the duration of the priapism (p <0.0005). All patients with priapism for more than 48 hours had necrotic cavernous smooth muscle on biopsy and had severe erectile dysfunction requiring the insertion of a penile prosthesis. Those patients with moderate and mild erectile dysfunction were treated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.The success of the T-shunt with snake tunneling is dependent on the duration of priapism. When it is less than 24 hours the results are favorable, although erectile dysfunction is still present in 50% of patients. In those with a priapism duration greater than 48 hours the technique usually fails to resolve the priapism and all patients end up with erectile dysfunction due to smooth muscle necrosis.", "keywords": ["Adult", "Male", "03 medical and health sciences", "Time Factors", "Treatment Outcome", "0302 clinical medicine", "Ischemia", "Humans", "Middle Aged", "Priapism", "Aged", "Penis", "3. Good health"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zacharakis, E., Raheem, A.A., Freeman, A., Skolarikos, A., Garaffa, G., Christopher, A.N., Muneer, A., Ralph, D.J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/23892191"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Urology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "23892191", "name": "item", "description": "23892191", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/23892191"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "239b79f7cc5e992c92c9eca45e75d88f", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Extremum problem for a system with distributed parameters and determination of the optimum properties of an elastic medium", "keywords": ["extremum problem for system with distributed parameters", "Elastic materials", "Theory of constitutive functions in solid mechanics", "determination of optimum properties of an elastic medium"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Banichuk, N. V.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/239b79f7cc5e992c92c9eca45e75d88f"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "239b79f7cc5e992c92c9eca45e75d88f", "name": "item", "description": "239b79f7cc5e992c92c9eca45e75d88f", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/239b79f7cc5e992c92c9eca45e75d88f"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "23dfd5c4834d71f564cfc8a714f5542f", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Analysis of Unsteady Convective Boundary Layer Flow with Magnetic fields, Chemical reaction, Thermal Radiation and Variable fluid Properties", "description": "This study extends the previous work by Kitengeso et al. (2018) by investigating unsteady convective boundary layer flow, incorporating magnetic fields, chemical reactions, radiation, and variable fluid properties over the inclined plate. The boundary layer and Boussinesq approximations are used to derive the magnetohydrodynamic flow equations. Thereafter, the equations are transformed into similarity form using similarity variables and then solved using the 4th order Runge - Kutta method. The key parameters such as the magnetic parameter, chemical reaction rate, variable fluid properties, unsteadiness, convection, and radiation parameter significantly affect flow behavior over an inclined plane.  It was found that increasing the magnetic field strength enhances the fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration. Additionally, an increase in the unsteadiness variation parameter within the boundary layer leads to higher velocity and concentration while reducing temperature. Conversely, the fluid temperature and concentration decrease as the chemical reaction parameter in the boundary layer rises. Furthermore, an increase in the magnetic parameter results in increase in the heat transfer rate while simultaneously decreases the skin friction and mass transfer rates. Also, the fluid temperature decreases as radiation parameter increases.", "keywords": ["Boundary layer flow", "Magnetic fields", "Unsteady flow", "Convection", "Variable fluid properties"], "contacts": [{"organization": "James, Jonas A., Ng\u2019oga, Makungu J., Msigwa, Augustino I., Omary , Ali A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/23dfd5c4834d71f564cfc8a714f5542f"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tanzania%20Journal%20of%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "23dfd5c4834d71f564cfc8a714f5542f", "name": "item", "description": "23dfd5c4834d71f564cfc8a714f5542f", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/23dfd5c4834d71f564cfc8a714f5542f"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2403.13594", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-20", "title": "Optimizing Transparent Electrodes: Interplay of High Purity Swcnts Network and a Polymer", "description": "Open AccessThe discovery of transparent electrodes led to the development of optoelectronic devices such as OLEDs, LCDs, touchscreens, IR sensors, etc. Since ITO has many drawbacks in respect of its production cost and limited transparency in IR, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been a potential replacement for ITO due to their exceptional electrical and optical properties, especially in the IR region. In this work, we present the development of a CNT-polymer composite thin film that exhibits outstanding transparency across both visible and IR spectra prepared by layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. This approach not only ensures uniform integration and crosslinking of CNTs into lightweight matrices, but also represents a cost-effective method for producing transparent electrodes with remarkable optical and electrical properties. The produced films achieved a transparency above 80% in the UV-VIS range and approximately 70% in the mid-IR range. The sheet resistance of the fabricated thin films was measured at about 4 kOhm/sq, showing a tendency to decrease with the number of bilayers. Furthermore, in this work we have investigated electrical properties and transport mechanisms in more detail with computational analysis. Computational analysis was performed to better understand the electrical behavior of nanotube-polymer junctions in the interbundle structure. Based on all results, we propose that the transparent electrodes with 4 and 6 bilayers are the most optimal structures in terms of optical and electrical properties.", "keywords": ["Condensed Matter - Materials Science", "8. Economic growth", "Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Applied Physics", "Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Joksovi\u0107, Sara, Stanojev, Jovana, Samard\u017ei\u0107, Nata\u0161a, Bajac, Branimir,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2403.13594"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Synthetic%20Metals", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2403.13594", "name": "item", "description": "2403.13594", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2403.13594"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2415501264", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-06-05", "title": "Linking molecular size, composition and carbon turnover of extractable soil microbial compounds", "description": "Microbial contribution to the maintenance and turnover of soil organic matter is significant. Yet, we do not have a thorough understanding of how biochemical composition of soil microbial biomass is related to carbon turnover and persistence of different microbial components. Using a suite of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, we investigated the molecular characteristics of extractable microbial biomass and linked it to its carbon turnover time. A 13CO2 plant pulse labelling experiment was used to trace plant carbon into rhizosphere soil microbial biomass, which was obtained by chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE). 13C content in molecular size classes of extracted microbial compounds was analysed using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled online to high performance liquid chromatography\u2013isotope ratio mass spectrometry (SEC-HPLC-IRMS). Molecular characterization of microbial compounds was performed using complementary approaches, namely SEC-HPLC coupled to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SEC-HPLC-FTIR) and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS). SEC-HPLC-FTIR suggests that mid to high molecular weight (MW) microbial compounds were richer in aliphatic CH bonds, carbohydrate-like compounds and possibly Pdouble bond; length as m-dashO derivatives from phospholipids. On the contrary, the lower size range was characterized by more oxidised compounds with hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether and/or carboxyl groups. ESI-FT-ICR-MS suggests that microbial compounds were largely aliphatic and richer in N than the background detrital material. Both molecular characterization tools suggest that CFE derived microbial biomass was largely lipid, carbohydrate and protein derived. SEC-HPLC-IRMS analysis revealed that 13C enrichment decreased with increasing MW of microbial compounds and the turnover time was deduced as 12.8 \u00b1 0.6, 18.5 \u00b1 0.6 and 22.9 \u00b1 0.7 days for low, mid and high MW size classes, respectively. We conclude that low MW compounds represent the rapidly turned-over metabolite fraction of extractable soil microbial biomass consisting of organic acids, alcohols, amino acids and sugars; whereas, larger structural compounds are part of the cell envelope (likely membrane lipids, proteins or polysaccharides) with a much lower renewal rate. This relation of microbial carbon turnover to its molecular size, structure and composition thus highlights the significance of cellular biochemistry in determining the microbial contribution to soil carbon cycling and specifically soil organic matter formation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "13. Climate action", "HPLC-FTIR", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil carbon", "15. Life on land", "ESI-FT-ICR-MS", "chloroform fumigation extraction", "HPLC-IRMS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2415501264"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2415501264", "name": "item", "description": "2415501264", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2415501264"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2404.12017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-17", "title": "Green and solid state reduction of GO monolayers sandwiched between Arachidic acid LB layers", "description": "Open AccessA novel, single step and environment friendly solid state approach for reduction of graphene oxide (GO) monolayers has been demonstrated, in which, arachidic acid-GO-arachidic acid (AA-GO-AA) sandwich structure obtained by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique was heat treated at moderate temperatures to obtain RGO sheets. Heat treatment of AA-GO-AA sandwich structure at 200 C results in substantial reduction of GO, with concurrent removal of AA molecules. Such developed RGO sheets possess sp2-C content of 69%, O/C ratio of 0.17 and significantly reduced I(D) and I(G) ratio of ~1.1. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) studies on RGO sheets evidenced significant increase in density of states in immediate vicinity of Fermi level and decrease in work function after reduction. Bottom gated field effect transistors fabricated with isolated RGO sheets displayed charge neutrality point at a positive gate voltage, indicating p-type nature, consistent with UPS and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) measurement results.The RGO sheets obtained by heat treatment of AA-GO-AA sandwich structure exhibited conductivity in the range of 2-7Scm-1 and field effect mobility of 0.03-2cm2V-1s-1, which are consistent with values reported for RGO sheets obtained by various chemical or thermal reduction procedures.The extent of GO reduction is determined primarily by proximity of AA molecules and found to be unaltered with either escalation of heat treatment temperature or increase of AA content in sandwich structure. The single-step GO reduction approach demonstrated in this work is an effective way for development of RGO monolayers with high structural quality towards graphene-based electronic device applications.", "keywords": ["Condensed Matter - Materials Science", "Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics", "Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)", "Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)", "FOS: Physical sciences", "Physics - Applied Physics", "Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)", "7. Clean energy"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Botcha, V. Divakar, Narayanam, Pavan K.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2404.12017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Diamond%20and%20Related%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2404.12017", "name": "item", "description": "2404.12017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2404.12017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2433/277223", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-18", "title": "Development of Antimicrobial Peptide\u2013Antibiotic Conjugates to Improve the Outer Membrane Permeability of Antibiotics Against Gram-Negative Bacteria", "description": "Antibiotics have been widely used in the medical field as a treatment for infectious diseases, but they are not effective against all Gram-negative bacteria because of their low permeability to the outer membrane. One of the strategies to improve the antibacterial activity of antibiotics is the coadministration of antibiotics and membrane-perturbing antimicrobial peptides for their synergistic effects. However, because of their different pharmacokinetics, their coadministration may not exert expected effects in the clinical stage. Here, we designed various antimicrobial peptide-antibiotic conjugates as a novel approach to improve the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics. Ampicillin was chosen as a model antibiotic with poor outer membrane permeability, and the effects of the chemistry and position of conjugation and the choice of antimicrobial peptides were examined. One of the ampicillin conjugates exhibited significantly improved antimicrobial activity against ampicillin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria without exerting cytotoxicity against human cultured cells, demonstrating that our novel approach is an effective strategy to improve the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics with low outer membrane permeability.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "antimicrobial peptide", "Bacteria", "Microbial Sensitivity Tests", "Permeability", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "3. Good health", "Gram-negative bacterium", "03 medical and health sciences", "conjugate", "membrane permeability", "Gram-Negative Bacteria", "ampicillin", "Humans", "disulfide bond", "Ampicillin", "Antimicrobial Peptides"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2433/277223"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ACS%20Infectious%20Diseases", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2433/277223", "name": "item", "description": "2433/277223", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2433/277223"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2434/1052268", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-12", "title": "The Evolution of Historic Agroforestry Landscape in the Northern Apennines (Italy) and Its Consequences for Slope Geomorphic Processes", "description": "

Historic agricultural practices have played a dominant role in shaping landscapes, creating a heritage which must be understood and conserved from the perspective of sustainable development. Agroforestry (i.e., the practice of combining trees with agriculture or livestock) has existed since ancient times in European countries, and it has been recognised as one of the most resilient and multifunctional cultural landscapes, providing a wide range of economic, sociocultural, and environmental benefits. This research explores aspects of the history, physical characteristics, decline, and current state of conservation of historic agroforestry systems on the Northern Apennines in Italy, using an interdisciplinary approach combining archival sources, landscape archaeology, dendrochronology, and GIS analysis. Furthermore, through computer-based modelling, this research aims to evaluate how the abandonment of this historic rural land-use strategy impacted slope geomorphic processes over the long term. The importance of environmental values attached to traditional rural landscapes has received much attention even beyond the heritage sector, justifying the definition of transdisciplinary approaches necessary to ensure the holistic management of landscapes. Through the integration of the Unit Stream Power-Based Erosion Deposition (USPED) equation with landscape archaeological data, the paper shows how restoring the historic agroforestry landscape could significantly mitigate soil mass movements in the area. Thus, the interdisciplinary workflow proposed in this study enables a deep understanding of both the historical evolution of agroforestry systems and its resulting effects for cumulative soil erosion and deposition in the face of climate change.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "S", "transdisciplinary landscape studies", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "remote sensing and GIS; historic landscape characterisation; slope processes; landscape archaeology; landscape modelling; transdisciplinary landscape studies; geomorphometry; alberata emiliana", "landscape archaeology", "13. Climate action", "remote sensing and GIS", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "slope processes", "historic landscape characterisation", "landscape modelling", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/5/1054/pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/1052268/2/land-12-01054-v2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/1052268/3/land-12-01054-v2_compressed.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/5/1054/pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=291264/11B42E72-559A-4B2B-B355-0FF6E8B88A26.pdf&pub_id=291264"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2434/1052268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2434/1052268", "name": "item", "description": "2434/1052268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2434/1052268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2434/1115155", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-12", "title": "Anthropogenic pollution may enhance natural transformation in water, favouring the spread of antibiotic resistance genes", "description": "Aquatic ecosystems are crucial in the antimicrobial resistance cycle. While intracellular DNA has been extensively studied to understand human activity's impact on antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) dissemination, extracellular DNA is frequently overlooked. This study examines the effect of anthropogenic water pollution on microbial community diversity, the resistome, and ARG dissemination. We analyzed intracellular and extracellular DNA from wastewater treatment plant effluents and lake surface water by shotgun sequencing. We also conducted experiments to evaluate anthropogenic pollution's effect on transforming extracellular DNA (using Gfp-plasmids carrying ARGs) within a natural microbial community. Chemical analysis showed treated wastewater had higher anthropogenic pollution-related parameters than lake water. The richness of microbial community, antimicrobial resistome, and high-risk ARGs was greater in treated wastewaters than in lake waters both for intracellular and extracellular DNA. Except for the high-risk ARGs, richness was significantly higher in intracellular than in extracellular DNA. Several ARGs were associated with mobile genetic elements and located on plasmids. Furthermore, Gfp-plasmid transformation within a natural microbial community was enhanced by anthropogenic pollution levels. Our findings underscore anthropogenic pollution's pivotal role in shaping microbial communities and their antimicrobial resistome. Additionally, it may facilitate ARG dissemination through extracellular DNA plasmid uptake.", "keywords": ["Bacteria", "Antibiotic resistance", "Microbiota", "Water Pollution", "Metagenome assembled genomes", "Drug Resistance", " Microbial", "Horizontal gene transfer", "Wastewater", "extracellular DNA; antibiotic resistance; metagenome assembled genomes; transformation; horizontal gene transfer", "Transformation", "Anti-Bacterial Agents", "Lakes", "Extracellular DNA", "Genes", " Bacterial", "Drug Resistance", " Bacterial", "Water Microbiology", "Plasmids"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/1115155/2/Sivalingam%20et%20al%202024.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2434/1115155"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Hazardous%20Materials", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2434/1115155", "name": "item", "description": "2434/1115155", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2434/1115155"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2434/1027450", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-02-02", "title": "Flavonoids influence key rhizocompetence traits for early root colonization and PCB degradation potential of Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400", "description": "Introduction

Flavonoids are among the main plant root exudation components, and, in addition to their role in symbiosis, they can broadly affect the functionality of plant-associated microbes: in polluted environments, for instance, flavonoids can induce the expression of the enzymatic degradative machinery to clean-up soils from xenobiotics like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, their involvement in root community recruitment and assembly involving non-symbiotic beneficial interactions remains understudied and may be crucial to sustain the holobiont fitness under PCB stress.

Methods

By using a set of model pure flavonoid molecules and a natural blend of root exudates (REs) with altered flavonoid composition produced by Arabidopsis mutant lines affected in flavonoid biosynthesis and abundance (null mutant tt4, flavonoid aglycones hyperproducer tt8, and flavonoid conjugates hyperaccumulator ttg), we investigated flavonoid contribution in stimulating rhizocompetence traits and the catabolic potential of the model bacterial strain for PCB degradation Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400.

Results

Flavonoids influenced the traits involved in bacterial recruitment in the rhizoplane by improving chemotaxis and motility responses, by increasing biofilm formation and by promoting the growth and activation of the PCB-degradative pathway of strain LB400, being thus potentially exploited as carbon sources, stimulating factors and chemoattractant molecules. Indeed, early rhizoplane colonization was favored in plantlets of the tt8 Arabidopsis mutant and reduced in the ttg line. Bacterial growth was promoted by the REs of mutant lines tt4 and tt8 under control conditions and reduced upon PCB-18 stress, showing no significant differences compared with the WT and ttg, indicating that unidentified plant metabolites could be involved. PCB stress presumably altered the Arabidopsis root exudation profile, although a sudden \uffe2\uff80\uff9ccry-for-help\uffe2\uff80\uff9d response to recruit strain LB400 was excluded and flavonoids appeared not to be the main determinants. In the in vitro plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interaction assays, plant growth promotion and PCB resistance promoted by strain LB400 seemed to act through flavonoid-independent mechanisms without altering bacterial colonization efficiency and root adhesion pattern.

Discussions

This study further contributes to elucidate the vast array of functions provided by flavonoids in orchestrating the early events of PCB-degrading strain LB400 recruitment in the rhizosphere and to support the holobiont fitness by stimulating the catabolic machinery involved in xenobiotics decomposition and removal.The importance of plant rhizodeposition to sustain microbial growth and induce xenobiotic degradation in polluted environments is increasingly recognized.

Methods

Here the \uffe2\uff80\uff9ccry-for-help\uffe2\uff80\uff9d hypothesis, consisting in root chemistry remodeling upon stress, was investigated in the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), highly recalcitrant and phytotoxic compounds, highlighting its role in reshaping the nutritional and signaling features of the root niche to accommodate PCB-degrading microorganisms.

Results

Arabidopsis exposure to 70 \uffc2\uffb5M PCB-18 triggered plant-detrimental effects, stress-related traits, and PCB-responsive gene expression, reproducing PCB phytotoxicity. The root exudates of plantlets exposed for 2 days to the pollutant were collected and characterized through untargeted metabolomics analysis by liquid chromatography\uffe2\uff80\uff93mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis disclosed a different root exudation fingerprint in PCB-18-exposed plants, potentially contributing to the \uffe2\uff80\uff9ccry-for-help\uffe2\uff80\uff9d event. To investigate this aspect, the five compounds identified in the exudate metabolomic analysis (i.e., scopoletin, N-hydroxyethyl-\uffce\uffb2-alanine, hypoxanthine, L-arginyl-L-valine, and L-seryl-L-phenylalanine) were assayed for their influence on the physiology and functionality of the PCB-degrading strains Pseudomonas alcaliphila JAB1, Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus P320. Scopoletin, whose relative abundance decreased in PCB-18-stressed plant exudates, hampered the growth and proliferation of strains JAB1 and P320, presumably due to its antimicrobial activity, and reduced the beneficial effect of Acinetobacter P320, which showed a higher degree of growth promotion in the scopoletin-depleted mutant f6\uffe2\uff80\uff99h1 compared to Arabidopsis WT plants exposed to PCB. Nevertheless, scopoletin induced the expression of the bph catabolic operon in strains JAB1 and LB400. The primary metabolites hypoxanthine, L-arginyl-L-valine, and L-seryl-L-phenylalanine, which increased in relative abundance upon PCB-18 stress, were preferentially used as nutrients and growth-stimulating factors by the three degrading strains and showed a variable ability to affect rhizocompetence traits like motility and biofilm formation.

Discussion

These findings expand the knowledge on PCB-triggered \uffe2\uff80\uff9ccry-for-help\uffe2\uff80\uff9d and its role in steering the PCB-degrading microbiome to boost the holobiont fitness in polluted environments.Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated soils represent a major treat for ecosystems health. Plant biostimulation of autochthonous microbial PCB degraders is a way to restore polluted sites where traditional remediation techniques are not sustainable, though its success requires the understanding of site-specific plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe interactions. In an historical PCB contaminated soil, we applied DNA stable isotope probing (SIP) using 13C-labeled 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CB) and 16S rRNA MiSeq amplicon sequencing to determine how the structure of total and PCB-degrading bacterial populations were affected by different treatments: biostimulation with Phalaris arundinacea subjected (PhalRed) or not (Phal) to a redox cycle and the non-planted controls (Bulk and BulkRed). Phal soils hosted the most diverse community and plant biostimulation induced an enrichment of Actinobacteria. Mineralization of 4-CB in SIP microcosms varied between 10% in Bulk and 39% in PhalRed soil. The most abundant taxa deriving carbon from PCB were Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Comamonadaceae was the family most represented in Phal soils, Rhodocyclaceae and Nocardiaceae in non-planted soils. Planted soils subjected to redox cycle enriched PCB degraders affiliated to Pseudonocardiaceae, Micromonosporaceae and Nocardioidaceae. Overall, we demonstrated different responses of soil bacterial taxa to specific rhizoremediation treatments and we provided new insights into the populations active in PCB biodegradation.The necessity of sustainable development for landscapes has emerged as an important theme in recent decades. Current methods take a holistic approach to landscape heritage and promote an interdisciplinary dialogue to facilitate complementary landscape management strategies. With the socio-economic values of the \u201cnatural\u201d and \u201ccultural\u201d landscape heritage increasingly recognised worldwide, remote sensing tools are being used more and more to facilitate the recording and management of landscape heritage. The advent of freeware cloud computing services has enabled significant improvements in landscape research allowing the rapid exploration and processing of satellite imagery such as the Landsat and Copernicus Sentinel datasets. This research represents one of the first applications of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) \u00a0Python application programming interface (API) in studies of historic landscapes. The complete free and open-source software (FOSS) cloud protocol proposed here consists of a Python code script developed in Google Colab, which could be adapted and replicated in different areas of the world. A multi-temporal approach has been adopted to investigate the potential of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery to detect buried hydrological and anthropogenic features along with spectral index and spectral decomposition analysis. The protocol's effectiveness in identifying palaeo-riverscape features has been tested in the Po Plain (N Italy).", "keywords": ["FOS: Computer and information sciences", "Landscape Archaeology", "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)", "Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Articles", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Fluvial and Alluvial Archaeology", "12. Responsible consumption", "Multispectral analysis", "Computer Science - Computers and Society", "Buried features", "Multispectral analysis;Sentinel-2;Spectral decomposition;Python;Riverscape;Fluvial and Alluvial Archaeology;Landscape Archaeology;Buried features", "13. Climate action", "Computers and Society (cs.CY)", "11. Sustainability", "Spectral decomposition", "Sentinel-2", "Riverscape", "Python", "Research Article", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/878015/4/Brandolini%2bet%2bal_ORE_2021_compressed%20%282%29.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2434/878015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Open%20Research%20Europe", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2434/878015", "name": "item", "description": "2434/878015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2434/878015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2434/949072", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-15", "title": "Flavonoids Are Intra- and Inter-Kingdom Modulator Signals", "description": "

Flavonoids are a broad class of secondary metabolites with multifaceted functionalities for plant homeostasis and are involved in facing both biotic and abiotic stresses to sustain plant growth and health. Furthermore, they were discovered as mediators of plant networking with the surrounding environment, showing a surprising ability to perform as signaling compounds for a multitrophic inter-kingdom level of communication that influences the plant host at the phytobiome scale. Flavonoids orchestrate plant-neighboring plant allelopathic interactions, recruit beneficial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, counteract pathogen outbreak, influence soil microbiome and affect plant physiology to improve its resilience to fluctuating environmental conditions. This review focuses on the diversified spectrum of flavonoid functions in plants under a variety of stresses in the modulation of plant morphogenesis in response to environmental clues, as well as their role as inter-kingdom signaling molecules with micro- and macroorganisms. Regarding the latter, the review addresses flavonoids as key phytochemicals in the human diet, considering their abundance in fruits and edible plants. Recent evidence highlights their role as nutraceuticals, probiotics and as promising new drugs for the treatment of several pathologies.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "phytochemicals; root exudates; phytobiome; plant-microbe interactions; beneficial microbes; plant secondary metabolites; abiotic stress; biotic stress; rhizosphere; microbiome", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "beneficial microbes", "QH301-705.5", "phytobiome", "plant-microbe interactions", "Review", "Biology (General)", "phytochemicals", "root exudates", "plant secondary metabolites"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/949072/2/Ghitti%20et%20al%202022%20flavonoids%20are%20intra%20and%20inter%20kingdom%20modulator%20signals.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2434/949072"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microorganisms", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2434/949072", "name": "item", "description": "2434/949072", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2434/949072"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2495624442", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-22", "title": "Female Labour Force Participation in Turkey: The Role of Traditionalism", "description": "Turkey witnessed a remarkable transformation over the last century. However, the female labour force participation rate (FLFPR) stagnated around 30 per cent, well below the OECD average. In this study, the determinants of female labour force participation are analysed with a special focus on the effects of traditionalism. Using probit and multinomial logit models as well instrumental variable approach, the effects of traditional norms for 3 sectors and 5 job statuses are estimated. Widely used determinants in the literature such as own education, fertility and maternity conditions are found significant with expected signs where own education has the biggest impact on labour force participation and employment. Finally, it is found that women who were raised under a traditional culture have a lower probability to participate to labour force and find jobs. These detrimental effects are stronger in services sector and among regular/waged workers.", "keywords": ["5. Gender equality", "0502 economics and business", "05 social sciences", "8. Economic growth", "1. No poverty", "16. Peace & justice", "10. No inequality"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Burak Sencer Atasoy", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2495624442"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20European%20Journal%20of%20Development%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2495624442", "name": "item", "description": "2495624442", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2495624442"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2440/106807", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:28:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-13", "title": "Circular linkages between soil biodiversity, fertility and plant productivity are limited to topsoil at the continental scale", "description": "Summary

The current theoretical framework suggests that tripartite positive feedback relationships between soil biodiversity, fertility and plant productivity are universal. However, empirical evidence for these relationships at the continental scale and across different soil depths is lacking.

We investigate the continental\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale relationships between the diversity of microbial and invertebrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90based soil food webs, fertility and above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground plant productivity at 289 sites and two soil depths, that is 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm, across Australia.

Soil biodiversity, fertility and plant productivity are strongly positively related in surface soils. Conversely, in the deeper soil layer, the relationships between soil biodiversity, fertility and plant productivity weaken considerably, probably as a result of a reduction in biodiversity and fertility with depth. Further modeling suggested that strong positive associations among soil biodiversity\uffe2\uff80\uff93fertility and fertility\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant productivity are limited to the upper soil layer (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm), after accounting for key factors, such as distance from the equator, altitude, climate and physicochemical soil properties.

These findings highlight the importance of surface soil biodiversity for soil fertility, and suggest that any loss of surface soil could potentially break the links between soil biodiversity\uffe2\uff80\uff93fertility and/or fertility\uffe2\uff80\uff93plant productivity, which can negatively impact nutrient cycling and food production, upon which future generations depend.

We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these questions include the need to better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; how environmental signals interface with endogenous signaling and development (e.g. circadian clock and flowering time); and how this integrated signaling controls downstream responses (e.g. stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, and growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently as a site of key signaling and transport events (e.g. mechanosensing and lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation to water extremes and rising CO2 affects hydraulic architecture and transpiration, as well as root and shoot growth and morphology, in ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution and crop resilience in the face of changing and increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration of plant diversity within and among species can help us know which of these tradeoffs represent fundamental limits and which ones can be circumvented by bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial stress resistance in different contexts and making connections between genes and phenotypes, and between laboratory and field observations, are overarching challenges.Forest fires can alter the biological properties of soils. There is increasing evidence that fires cause a shift in soil microbial communities, which play a central role in forest carbon and nutrient cycling. In this study, we evaluate the effect of soil heating on soil microbial functions. We hypothesised that fire reduces the catabolic functional diversity of soil, and that post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fire plant growth enhances its recovery. To test this, we experimentally heated a forest soil at 200\uffc2\uffb0C (T200) or 450\uffc2\uffb0C (T450). Heated and unheated soils were then incubated in tubs with or without live grass (Lolium perenne L.). We determined the functional profiles by measuring the substrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced respiration (SIR) using the Microresp\uffe2\uff84\uffa2 technique and analysed nutrient availability at the end of the incubation. At both temperatures, soil heating altered the respiration responses to substrate additions and the catabolic functional diversity of soils. Functional diversity was initially reduced in T200 soils but recovered at the end of the incubation. In contrast, T450 soils initially maintained the catabolic functional diversity, but decreased at the end of the incubation. Heating\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced nutrient availability stimulated the growth of grass, which in turn increased the response to several substrates and increased the functional diversity to values similar to the unheated controls. Our results suggest that fire\uffe2\uff80\uff90driven alteration of soil microbial communities has consequences at a functional level, and that the recovery of plant communities enhances the recovery of soil microbial functions.

Highlights

Soil experimental heating altered microbial functions and reduced soil functional diversity.

Soil heating also increased nutrient availability, enhancing plant growth.

Growth of plants promoted the recovery of soil functional diversity.

Post\uffe2\uff80\uff90fire recovery of functional diversity may be related to the recovery of photosynthetic tissues.

The ecological drivers of soil biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere remain underexplored. Here, in a continental survey comprising 647 sites, across 58 degrees of latitude between tropical Australia and Antarctica, we evaluated the major ecological patterns in soil biodiversity and relative abundance of ecological clusters within a co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurrence network of soil bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Six major ecological clusters (modules) of co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurring soil taxa were identified. These clusters exhibited strong shifts in their relative abundances with increasing distance from the equator. Temperature was the major environmental driver of the relative abundance of ecological clusters when Australia and Antarctica are analyzed together. Temperature, aridity, soil properties and vegetation types were the major drivers of the relative abundance of different ecological clusters within Australia. Our data supports significant reductions in the diversity of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes in Antarctica vs. Australia linked to strong reductions in temperature. However, we only detected small latitudinal variations in soil biodiversity within Australia. Different environmental drivers regulate the diversity of soil archaea (temperature and soil carbon), bacteria (aridity, vegetation attributes and pH) and eukaryotes (vegetation type and soil carbon) across Australia. Together, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms driving soil biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere.Gypsum soils are P-limited atypical soils that harbour a rich endemic flora. These singular soils are usually found in drylands, where plant activity and soil nutrient availability are seasonal. No previous studies have analysed the seasonality of P nutrition and its interaction with the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) colonisation in gypsum plants. Our aim was to evaluate the seasonal changes in plant nutrient status, AMF colonisation and rhizospheric soil nutrient availability in gypsum specialist and generalist species.

Methods

We evaluated seasonal variation in the proportion of root length colonised by AMF structures (hyphae, vesicules and arbuscules), plant nutrient status (leaf C, N and P and fine root C and N) and rhizospheric soil content (P, organic matter, nitrate and ammonium) of three gypsum specialists and two generalists throughout a year.

Results

All species showed arbuscules within roots, including species ofCaryophyllaceaeandBrassicaceae. Root colonisation by arbuscules (AC) was higher in spring than in other seasons, when plants showed high leaf P-requirements. Higher AC was decoupled from inorganic N and P availability in rhizospheric soil, and foliar nutrient content. Generalists showed higher AC than specialists, but only in spring.

Conclusions

Seasonality was found in AMF colonisation, rhizospheric soil content and plant nutrient status. The mutualism between plants and AMF was highest in spring, when P-requirements are higher for plants, especially in generalists. However, AMF decoupled from plant demands in autumn, when nutrient availability increases in rhizospheric soil.