{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-08", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Fertility Interactions Affected By A Tillage Chronosequence In A Brazilian Oxisol", "description": "Abstract No-till (NT) adoption is an essential tool for development of sustainable agricultural systems, and how NT affects the soil organic C (SOC) dynamics is a key component of these systems. The effect of a plow tillage (PT) and NT age chronosequence on SOC concentration and interactions with soil fertility were assessed in a variable charge Oxisol, located in the South Center quadrant of Parana State, Brazil (50\u00b023\u2019W and 24\u00b036'S). The chronosequence consisted of the following six sites: (i) native field (NF); (ii) PT of the native field (PNF-1) involving conversion of natural vegetation to cropland; (iii) NT for 10 years (NT-10); (iv) NT for 20 years (NT-20); (v) NT for 22 years (NT-22); and (vi) conventional tillage for 22 years (CT-22) involving PT with one disking after summer harvest and one after winter harvest to 20\u00a0cm depth plus two harrow disking. Soil samples were collected from five depths (0\u20132.5; 2.5\u20135; 5\u201310; 10\u201320; and 20\u201340\u00a0cm) and SOC, pH (in H 2 O and KCl), \u0394pH, potential acidity, exchangeable bases, and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) were measured. An increase in SOC concentration positively affected the pH, the negative charge and the CEC and negatively impacted potential acidity. Regression analyses indicated a close relationship between the SOC concentration and other parameters measured in this study. The regression fitted between SOC concentration and CEC showed a close relationship. There was an increase in negative charge and CEC with increase in SOC concentration: CEC increased by 0.37\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for every g of C\u00a0kg \u22121 soil. The ratio of ECEC:SOC was 0.23\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for NF and increased to 0.49\u00a0cmol c \u00a0kg \u22121 for NT-22. The rates of P and K for 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth increased by 9.66\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 and 17.93\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0yr \u22121 , respectively, with NF as a base line. The data presented support the conclusion that long-term NT is a useful strategy for improving fertility of soils with variable charge.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "Root depth", "Crop residues", "Cation exchange capacity (CEC)", "Conservation agriculture", "Chronosequence", "Acidity", "Sustainable agriculture", "No-till", "Soil ph", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Soil quality", "Tillage", "Variable charge", "Soil analysis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oxisols", "Field Scale"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-16", "title": "Soil Aggregation And Distribution Of Carbon And Nitrogen In Different Fractions Under Long-Term Application Of Compost In Rice-Wheat System", "description": "Abstract Soil organic matter improves the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, and crop residue recycling is an important factor influencing soil organic matter levels. We studied the impact of continuous application of rice straw compost either alone or in conjunction with inorganic fertilizers on aggregate stability and distribution of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in different aggregate fractions after 10 cycles of rice\u2013wheat cropping on a sandy loam soil at Punjab Agricultural University research farm, Ludhiana, India. Changes in water stable aggregates (WSA), mean weight diameter (MWD), aggregate-associated C and N, total soil C and N, relative to control and inorganically fertilized soil were measured. Total WSA were significantly ( p \u00a0=\u00a00.05) higher for soils when rice straw compost either alone or in combination with inorganic fertilizers was applied as compared to control. The application of rice straw compost either alone or in combination with inorganic fertilizers increased the macroaggregate size fractions except for 0.25\u20130.50\u00a0mm fraction. The MWD was significantly ( p \u00a0=\u00a00.05) higher in plots receiving rice straw compost either alone at 8\u00a0tonnes\u00a0ha \u22121 (0.51\u00a0mm at wheat harvest and 0.41\u00a0mm at rice harvest) or at 2\u00a0tonnes\u00a0ha \u22121 in combination with inorganic fertilizers (0.43 and 0.38\u00a0mm) as compared to control (0.34 and 0.33\u00a0mm) or inorganically fertilized plots (0.33 and 0.31\u00a0mm). The macroaggregates had higher C and N density compared to microaggregates. Application of rice straw compost at 2\u00a0tonnes\u00a0ha \u22121 along with inorganic fertilizers (IN\u00a0+\u00a02RSC) increased C and N concentration significantly over control. The C and N concentration increased further when rice straw compost at 8\u00a0tonnes\u00a0ha \u22121 (8RSC) was added. It is concluded that soils can be rehabilitated and can sustain the soil C and N levels with the continuous application of rice straw compost either alone or in combination with inorganic fertilizers. This will also help in controlling the rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "G. P. S. Sodhi, Dinesh K. Benbi, V. Beri,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.12.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-11", "title": "The Impact Of 14 Years Of Conventional And No-Till Cultivation On The Physical Properties And Crop Yields Of A Loam Soil At Grafton Nsw, Australia", "description": "Abstract The impact of 14 years of continuous conventional (CT) or no-till (NT) cultivation on surface soil structure and crop yields was examined on a weakly structured silty loam soil at Grafton in N.S.W. The annual soybean yields of the NT treatme between 1981 and 1985 were consistently less than or equal to those resulting from CT with an average of 2.46\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 and 2.82\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively, for the two treatments. However, CT was unable to sustain the greater yield, and from 1987 onwards the yields of the NT treatments have typically been greater than those of the CT with averages of 2.14\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 and 1.67\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121, respectively. During the earlier years of the trial, soil porosity and crop yields were not greatly affected by the different tillage techniques. During later years and at the end of the trial, however, soil porosity and structural stability were greater under NT. Increased soil macroporosity (saturated water content of 0.61 for NT vs 0.40 for CT) and structural stability (dispersed silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay contents of 10% for NT vs 30% for CT) under long term no-till cultivation were consistent with higher saturated hydraulic conductivity (189 for NT vs 23\u00a0mm\u00a0h\u22121 for CT), higher infiltration and lower run-off under rainfall, increased plant available water (12.5% for NT vs 10.5% for CT), water use efficiency, and crop yields. The improvement in soil structure observed under NT is associated with the significant increase in surface soil organic carbon contents (3.37% for NT vs 1.67% for CT) and is shown to be the major contributor to the sustained improvement of crop yields.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "So, HB, Grabski, A, Desborough, P,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-10", "title": "Carbon Sequestration In Agricultural Soils In The Cerrado Region Of The Brazilian Amazon", "description": "Abstract The introduction of crop management practices after conversion of Amazon Cerrado into cropland influences soil C stocks and has direct and indirect consequences on greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The aim of this study was to quantify soil C sequestration, through the evaluation of the changes in C stocks, as well as the GHG fluxes (N 2 O and CH 4 ) during the process of conversion of Cerrado into agricultural land in the southwestern Amazon region, comparing no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) systems. We collected samples from soils and made gas flux measurements in July 2004 (the dry season) and in January 2005 (the wet season) at six areas: Cerrado, CT cultivated with rice for 1 year (1CT) and 2 years (2CT), and NT cultivated with soybean for 1 year (1NT), 2 years (2NT) and 3 years (3NT), in each case after a 2-year period of rice under CT. Soil samples were analyzed in both seasons for total organic C and bulk density. The soil C stocks, corrected for a mass of soil equivalent to the 0\u201330-cm layer under Cerrado, indicated that soils under NT had generally higher C storage compared to native Cerrado and CT soils. The annual C accumulation rate in the conversion of rice under CT into soybean under NT was 0.38\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 . Although CO 2 emissions were not used in the C sequestration estimates to avoid double counting, we did include the fluxes of this gas in our discussion. In the wet season, CO 2 emissions were twice as high as in the dry season and the highest N 2 O emissions occurred under the NT system. There were no CH 4 emissions to the atmosphere (negative fluxes) and there were no significant seasonal variations. When N 2 O and CH 4 emissions in C-equivalent were subtracted (assuming that the measurements made on 4 days were representative of the whole year), the soil C sequestration rate of the conversion of rice under CT into soybean under NT was 0.23\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 . Although there were positive soil C sequestration rates, our results do not present data regarding the full C balance in soil management changes in the Amazon Cerrado.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-31", "title": "Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In A Brazilian Clayey Oxisol: 13-Year Effects Of Integrated Crop-Livestock Management Systems", "description": "Abstract Integrated crop\u2013livestock management systems (ICLS) have been increasingly recommended in Brazilian agroecosystems. However, knowledge of their effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and stocks is still limited. The study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ICLS under two tillage and fertilization regimes on SOC and TN concentrations and stocks in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil layer, in comparison with continuous crops or pasture. The following soil management systems were studied: continuous pasture; continuous crop; 4 years\u2019 crop followed by 4 years\u2019 pasture and vice-versa. The adjacent native Cerrado area was used as a control. Under the rotation and continuous crop systems there were two levels of soil tillage (conventional and no-tillage) and fertility (maintenance and corrective fertility). The stock calculations were done using the equivalent soil mass approach. The land use systems had a significant effect on the concentrations of SOC and TN in the soil, but no effect was observed for the soil tillage and fertilizer regimes. For these two latter, some significant discrepancies appeared in the distribution of SOC and TN concentrations in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer. Carbon storage was 60.87\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under Cerrado, and ranged from 52.21\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under the ICLS rotation to 59.89\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 with continuous cropping. The decrease in SOC stocks was approximately 8.5 and 7.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 , or 14 and 12%, for continuous pasture and ICLS respectively. No-tillage for 10 years after the conversion of conventional tillage to no-tillage under the continuous crop system, and 13 years of conventional tillage in continuous cropping did not result in significant changes in SOC stocks. The SOC and TN stocks in surface layers, using the equivalent soil mass approach rather than the equivalent depth, stress the differences induced by the calculation method. As soil compaction is the principal feature of variability of stocks determinations, the thickness should be avoid in these types of studies.", "keywords": ["Carbon and nitrogen sequestration", "Crop-pasture rotation", "2. Zero hunger", "Brazilian Cerrado", "No-tillage", "NIR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Marchao, R. L., /Becquer, Thierry, /Brunet, Didier, Balbino, L. C., Vilela, L., /Brossard, Michel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-10", "title": "Conservation Tillage: Short- And Long-Term Effects On Soil Carbon Fractions And Enzymatic Activities Under Mediterranean Conditions", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Enzymatic activities", "Soil active carbon", "Sustainable agriculture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Microbial biomass carbon", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Melero S\u00e1nchez, Sebastiana, L\u00f3pez Garrido, Rosa, Murillo Carpio, Jos\u00e9 Manuel, Moreno Lucas, F\u00e9lix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-10", "title": "Long-Term Tillage Effects On Soil Carbon Storage And Carbon Dioxide Emissions In Continuous Corn Cropping System From An Alfisol In Ohio", "description": "The experiment designed to quantify the effects of long-term tillage practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and CO2 emissions, was conducted on long-term tillage and continuous corn (Zea mays L.). The experimental plots were established in 1962 on a Crosby silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Aeric Ochraqualf) in Ohio. It consisted of moldboard plow till (MT) chisel till (CT), and no-till (NT) laid out in a randomized block design with four replications. After 43\u00a0yrs of continuous corn, the pool of SOC in the top 30\u00a0cm depth was significantly greater under NT (80.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121) than under CT (45.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121) and MT (44.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121). A large proportion (68\u201374%) of SOC, in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth originated from corn residues (C4-C). On average, MT, CT and NT treatments sequestered C4-C in the top 30\u00a0cm at a rate of 0.73, 0.71 and 1.37\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121. The average daily CO2 fluxes (g\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0d\u22121) were greater under MT (2.14) and CT (2.07) than under NT (1.61). In addition, the daily CO2 fluxes were highest in summer (2.62\u20133.77\u00a0g\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0d\u22121), the lowest in winter (0.75\u20130.87\u00a0g\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0m\u22122\u00a0d\u22121), and were positively correlated with air (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.78, P\u00a0<\u00a00.01) and soil temperatures in the top 20\u00a0cm (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.76, P\u00a0<\u00a00.01) and negatively with soil water content (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.57, P\u00a0<\u00a00.05). Tillage management had a significant influence on average daily CO2 fluxes during summer and autumn but not during winter and spring. Annual CO2 emissions calculated by extrapolating daily CO2 fluxes were significantly higher under MT (6.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) and CT (6.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) than under NT (5.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.5 Mg\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121; LSD\u00a0=\u00a00.25\u00a0Mg\u00a0CO2-C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121). These results indicated that, during the growing season, NT reduced CO2 emissions by an average of 0.7 and 0.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 compared to MT and CT, respectively.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2013.02.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-19", "title": "Cover Crops And No-Till Effects On Physical Fractions Of Soil Organic Matter", "description": "Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) Rice and Beans Research Center, Santo Antonio de Goias, GO", "keywords": ["land use change", "Soil management", "Aggregates", "Millet", "fallow", "grass", "Cultivation", "Soil pollution", "soil depth", "Crops", "cover crop", "Plants (botany)", "soil organic matter", "Organic compounds", "soil quality", "zero tillage", "Agricultural machinery", "soil aggregate", "Panicum maximum", "2. Zero hunger", "soil surface", "rice", "Brachiaria brizantha", "Biological materials", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "Agronomy", "Brachiaria ruziziensis", "13. Climate action", "Soils", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "total organic carbon", "plowing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.02.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2013.02.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2013.02.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2013.02.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-19", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Fluxes Associated With Soybean Production Under Two Tillage Systems In Southwestern Quebec", "description": "Abstract Agricultural soils are an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and the size of this contribution can be influenced by tillage practice and crop. The objective of this work was to study greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide\u2014CO 2 and nitrous oxide\u2014N 2 O) emissions associated with N 2 fixing soybean ( Glycine max ) grown under two tillage systems (conventional\u2014CT and no-till\u2014NT). The experiment was organized following a randomized complete block design with four blocks. The CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes were evaluated throughout the growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. The seasonal emission patterns were different for CO 2 and N 2 O. Soil CO 2 emissions during the season were associated with soil temperature while the N 2 O fluxes were mainly associated with precipitation. The CT system generally had greater CO 2 fluxes than the NT system, particularly in 2002. In that year the maximum peak, which occurred in the summer, was about 160\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 under CT and 68\u00a0g\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 under NT. N 2 O emissions were low in the first year but high in the second, and were greater for CT than NT with a maximum peak about 18.1\u00a0mg\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 under CT and 7.4\u00a0mg\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 under NT. Our findings suggests that use of NT in the production of N 2 fixing soybean may reduce both CO 2 and N 2 O emissions, in comparison to CT. Soybean residue incorporation increased N 2 O emissions, leading to greater emissions from the CT production system.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Donald L. Smith, Juan J. Almaraz, Fazli Mabood, Philippe Rochette, Chandra A. Madramootoo, Bao-Luo Ma, Xiaomin Zhou,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-06", "title": "Changes Of Soil Organic Carbon And Its Fractions In Relation To Soil Physical Properties In A Long-Term Fertilized Paddy", "description": "Soil organic carbon (SOC) has an important role in improving soil quality and sustainable production. A long-term fertilization study was conducted to investigate changes in SOC and its relation to soil physical properties in a rice paddy soil. The paddy soils analyzed were subjected to different fertilization practices: continuous application of inorganic fertilizers (NPK, N\u2013P\u2013K\u00a0=\u00a0120\u201334.9\u201366.7\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 during 1967\u20131972 and 150\u201343.7\u201383.3\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121 from 1973 to 2007), straw based compost (Compost, 10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121), a combination of NPK\u00a0+\u00a0Compost, and no fertilization (control). Soil physical properties were investigated at rice harvesting stage in the 41st year for analyzing the relationship with SOC fraction. Continuous compost application increased the total SOC concentration in plough layers and improved soil physical properties. In contrast, inorganic or no fertilization markedly decreased SOC concentration resulting to a deterioration of soil physical health. Most of the SOC was the organo-mineral fraction (<0.053\u00a0mm size), accounting for over 70% of total SOC. Macro-aggregate SOC fraction (2\u20130.25\u00a0mm size), which is used as an indicator of soil quality rather than total SOC, covered 8\u201317% of total SOC. These two SOC fractions accumulated with the same tendency as the total SOC changes. Comparatively, micro-aggregate SOC (0.25\u20130.053\u00a0mm size), which has high correlation with physical properties, significantly decreased with time, irrespective of the inorganic fertilizers or compost application, but the mechanism of decrease is not clear. Conclusively, compost increased total SOC content and effective SOC fraction, thereby improving soil physical properties and sustaining production.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-07", "title": "Nitrous Oxide And Methane Emissions From Long-Term Tillage Under A Continuous Corn Cropping System In Ohio", "description": "Abstract Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) emitted by anthropogenic activities have been linked to the observed and predicted climate change. Conservation tillage practices such as no-tillage (NT) have potential to increase C sequestration in agricultural soils but patterns of N 2 O and CH 4 emissions associated with NT practices are variable. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tillage practices on N 2 O and CH 4 emissions in long-term continuous corn ( Zea mays ) plots. The study was conducted on continuous corn experimental plots established in 1962 on a Crosby silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Aeric Ochraqualf) in Ohio. The experimental design consisted of NT, chisel till (CT) and moldboard plow till (MT) treatments arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The N 2 O and CH 4 fluxes were measured for 1-year at 2-week intervals during growing season and at 4-week intervals during the off season. Long-term NT practice significantly decreased soil bulk density ( \u03c1 b ) and increased total N concentration of the 0\u201315\u00a0cm layer compared to MT and CT. Generally, NT treatment contained higher soil moisture contents and lower soil temperatures in the surface soil than CT and MT during summer, spring and autumn. Average daily fluxes and annual N 2 O emissions were more in MT (0.67\u00a0mg\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 and 1.82\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ) and CT (0.74\u00a0mg\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 and 1.96\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ) than NT (0.29\u00a0mg\u00a0m \u22122 \u00a0d \u22121 and 0.94\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ). On average, NT was a sink for CH 4 , oxidizing 0.32\u00a0kg CH 4 -C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 , while MT and CT were sources of CH 4 emitting 2.76 and 2.27\u00a0kg CH 4 -C\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 , respectively. Lower N 2 O emission and increased CH 4 oxidation in the NT practice are attributed to decrease in surface \u03c1 b , suggesting increased gaseous exchange. The N 2 O flux was strongly correlated with precipitation, air and soil temperatures, but not with gravimetric moisture content. Data from this study suggested that adoption of long-term NT under continuous corn cropping system in the U.S. Corn Belt region may reduce GWP associated with N 2 O and CH 4 emissions by approximately 50% compared to MT and CT management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wdx", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:16Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2024-01-30", "title": "Fluxes and concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in soils", "description": "unspecifiedThe data were compiled from data in our study and those from published sources by searching for \u201cdissolved organic carbon\u201d, \u201csolute\u201d, \u201cflux\u201d, \u201cleaching\u201d, and \u201csoil\u201d in Google Scholar. We compiled the data of DOC fluxes in throughfall and soil profiles from 91 sites, of which the DOC flux data at 18 sites have been published by our group. The climate was classified into four groups [polar climate (MAT < 0 \u00baC), boreal climate (0 \u00baC < MAT < 6 \u00baC), temperate climate (6 \u00baC < MAT < 20 \u00baC), tropical climate (20 \u00baC < MAT)], based on mean annual air temperature. The other parameters include climatic properties [mean annual precipitation and mean annual air temperature], plant litter properties [litterfall C input, C/N ratio, Klason-lignin (residue after digestion with sulfuric acid; Allen et al., 1974), lignin/N ratio, root litter production] and soil properties [soil C stocks (O horizon and mineral soil (0-30 cm depth)), pH (water extraction), clay content, short-range-order (amorphous) aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) (acid ammonium oxalate extractable Al and Fe; McKeague and Day, 1966)]. The sampling and analytical methods are concisely summarized as follows: Throughfall (canopy leaching) samples were collected by precipitation collector, while soil solution samples were collected using tension-free lysimeters for downward flux of water percolating in the soil profiles. Sample solutions were filtered through a 0.45 \u00b5m filter (e.g., PTFE syringe filter) and stored at 1\u00b0C in the dark prior to analyses. The concentrations of DOC were determined using a total organic carbon and nitrogen analyzer (TOC-VCSH, Shimadzu, Japan). The dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations were calculated by subtracting dissolved inorganic nitrogen (sum of NH4+ and NO3-) from TDN concentrations (DON = TDN - NH4+ - NO3-) to obtain DOC/DON ratios in soil solution. The DOC flux at the depth of 0 cm (the bottom of organic layers) and the bottom of B horizon (the bottom of rooting zone) was estimated by multiplying DOC concentrations in soil solution and water fluxes at each depth. Soil water fluxes were estimated by hydrological models or precipitation-evapotranspiration water budgets. Annual root production was measured by ingrowth core method, net sheet method, or sequential sampling method and estimated to be equal to annual root litter inputs. Proportion of DOC flux from the O horizon relative to C input via both throughfall and litterfall was calculated by dividing DOC flux from the O horizon by C input via both throughfall and litterfall. DOC retention in the mineral soil was calculated as the percentage of net decrease in DOC flux between O and B horizons relative to DOC flux from the O horizon. The apparent turnover time (yr) of soil C was estimated by dividing soil C stocks (Mg C ha\u20131) by C inputs (net DOC inputs and root litter inputs into the mineral soil) (Mg C ha\u20131 yr\u20131).", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil pH", "dissolved organic carbon", "dissolved organic nitrogen"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fujii, Kazumichi", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wdx"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wdx", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wdx", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wdx"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-18", "title": "On Farm Assessment Of Tillage Impact On Soil Carbon And Associated Soil Quality Parameters", "description": "No-tillage (NT) farming offers innumerable benefits to soil and water conservation, however, its potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC) and related soil properties varies widely. Thus, the impact of long-term (>4\u00a0yr) NT-based cropping systems on SOC sequestration and selected soil physical and chemical parameters were assessed across soils within five Major land Resource Areas (MLRAs: 99 and 111 in Michigan; 124 and 139 in Ohio; and 127 in Pennsylvania) in eastern U.S.A. Soil samples were collected from paired fields of NT and plow tillage (PT) based cropping systems and an adjacent woodlot (WL). The SOC concentration, bulk density (\u03c1b), texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil N, coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) C and N, and nitrate N (NO3-N) concentrations were determined. Conversion from NT to PT practice increased surface soil pH from 5.97, 6.56 and 6.02 to 6.62, 6.91 and 7.09 under MLRAs 127, 111 and 99, respectively. NT soils had higher SOC concentration soils by 30, 50 and 67% over PT soils at 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth under MLRAs 99, 111 and 127, respectively. Considering the whole soil profile SOC, WL had higher SOC pool than NT and PT practices under MLRAs 99, 111 and 124, however, there was no significant difference (P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) between NT and PT practices across five soils. Almost the same trend was observed in the case of depthwise soil N content. NT soil had higher N content than PT soils by 27, 44 and 54% under MLRAs 99, 127 and 111, respectively. However, whole soil profile N content of NT soil was significantly higher by 12% than PT soil under MLRA 99. Concentrations of CPOM associated C and N of NT soil was higher than PT soil under MLRAs 99, 111 and 127 at 0\u20135 soil depth. These results indicated that impact of tillage on soil C and associated soil quality parameters is confined within specific soil types.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Amitava Chatterjee,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-24", "title": "Degradation And Small-Scale Spatial Homogenization Of Topsoils In Intensively-Grazed Steppes Of Northern China", "description": "Overgrazing has led to severe degradation and desertification of semi-arid grasslands in Northern China over the last decades. Despite the fact that vegetation is often heterogeneously distributed in semi-arid steppes, little attention has been drawn to the effect of grazing on the spatial distribution of soil properties. We determined the spatial pattern of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N tot ), total sulphur (S tot ), bulk density (BD), pH, Ah thickness, and carbon isotope ratios (\u03b4 13 C) at two continuously grazed (CG) and two ungrazed (UG79 = fenced and excluded from grazing in 1979) sites in Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis dominated steppe ecosystems in Inner Mongolia, Northern China. Topsoils (0-4 cm) were sampled at each site using a large grid (120 m x 150 m) with 100 sampling points and a small plot (2 m x 2 m) with 40 points. Geostatistics were applied to elucidate the spatial distribution both at field (120 m x 150 m grid) and plant (2 m x 2 m plot) scale. Concentrations and stocks of SOC, N tot , S tot were significantly lower and BD significantly higher at both CG sites. At the field scale, semivariograms of these parameters showed a heterogeneous distribution at UG79 sites and a more homogeneous distribution at CG sites, whereas nugget to sill ratios indicated a high small-scale variability. At the plant scale, semivariances of all investigated parameters were one order of magnitude higher at UG79 sites than at CG sites. The heterogeneous pattern of topsoil properties at UG79 sites can be attributed to a mosaic of vegetation patches separated by bare soil. Ranges of autocorrelation were almost congruent with spatial expansions of grass tussocks and shrubs at both steppe types. At CG sites, consumption of biomass by sheep and hoof action removed vegetation patches and led to a homogenization of chemical and physical soil properties. We propose that the spatial distribution of topsoil properties at the plant scale (<2 m) could be used as an indicator for degradation in semi-arid grasslands. Our results further show that the maintenance of heterogeneous vegetation and associated topsoil structures is essential for the accumulation of SOM in semi-arid grassland ecosystems.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2013.09.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-26", "title": "Long-Term Tillage Systems Impacts On Soil C Dynamics, Soil Resilience And Agronomic Productivity Of A Brazilian Oxisol", "description": "No-till (NT) cropping systems have been widely promoted in many regions as an important tool to enhance soil quality and improve agronomic productivity. However, knowledge of their long-term effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and functional SOC fractions linking soil resilience capacity and crop yield is still limited. The aims of this study were to: (i) assess the long-term (16 years) effects of tillage systems (i.e., conventional - CT, minimum - MT, no-till with chisel - NTch, and continuous no-till cropping systems - CNT) on SOC in bulk soil and functional C fractions isolated by chemical (hot water extractable organic C - HWEOC, permanganate oxidizable C - POXC) and physical methods (light organic C - LOC, particulate organic C - POC, mineral-associated organic C - MAOC) of a subtropical Oxisol to 40 cm depth; (ii) evaluate the soil resilience restoration effectiveness of tillage systems, and (iii) assess the relationship between the SOC stock enhancement and crop yield. The crop rotation comprised a 3-year cropping sequence involving two crops per year with soybean (Glycine max, L. Merril) and maize (Zea mays L.) in the summer alternating with winter crops. In 2005, the soil under CNT contained 25.8, 20.9, and 5.3 Mg ha?1 more SOC (P < 0.006) than those under CT, MT, and NTch in 0-40 cm layer, representing recovery rates of 1.61, 1.31, and 0.33 Mg C ha?1 yr?1, respectively. The relative C conversion ratio of 0.398 at CNT was more efficient in converting biomass-C input into sequestered soil C than NTch (0.349), MT (0.136), and CT (0.069). The soil under CNT in 0-10 cm depth contained ?1.9 times more HWEOC and POXC than those under CT (P < 0.05), and concentrations of LOC and POC physical fractions of SOC were significantly higher throughout the year under CNT. Considering CT as the disturbance baseline, the resilience index (RI) increased in the order of MT (0.10) < NTch (0.43) < CNT (0.54). Grain yield was positively affected by increase in SOC stock, and an increase of 1 Mg C ha?1 in 0-20 cm depth resulted in an increase in yield equal to ?11 and 26 kg grain ha?1 of soybean (R2 = 0.97, P = 0.03) and wheat (R2 = 0.96, P = 0.03), respectively. The data presented emphasizes the role of labile fractions in the overall SOC accumulation processes in soils managed under CNT and their positive impacts on the soil resilience restoration and on agronomic productivity. (Resume d'auteur)", "keywords": ["F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "2. Zero hunger", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1070", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.09.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2013.09.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2013.09.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2013.09.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-15", "title": "Changes Of Soil Enzyme Activities Under Different Tillage Practices In The Chinese Loess Plateau", "description": "The effects of middle term (7 years) consistent tillage practices on the catalase (CAT), urease (URE) and invertase (INV) activities were investigated during the whole winter wheat growing period on a loess soil in Luoyang (east edge of the Chinese Loess Plateau, Henan province, China). Field plots, set up in 1999, included following tillage practices: subsoiling with mulch (SS), no-till with mulch (NT), reduced tillage (RT), and a conventional control (CT). A clear redistribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) was found along the slope in RT and CT, however, no difference was observed between studied enzyme activities along different slope positions. SS had higher winter wheat yield than other treatments, which was attributed to the increased soil water content and improvement of soil fertility. Changes in soil temperature and soil moisture content influenced the magnitude of the enzyme activities, but not the ranking of the different treatments during most of the season. SS consistently had higher enzyme activities compared to other treatments. This indicated that seasonal fluctuations did not obscure effects associated with soil tillage practices and enzyme activities could reflect the effects of conversion of soil tillage practices on soil quality. Time within the growing season had a clear impact upon the enzyme activities. Comparatively higher enzyme activities were observed in the stages with vigorous vegetative growth of winter wheat than in stages with productive growth.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-01", "title": "Earthworm Populations Under Different Tillage Systems In Organic Farming", "description": "To understand how earthworms could improve soil porosity in no-tillage organic farming systems, the aim of our study was to compare the effect of different tillage systems on earthworm populations, from conventional (traditional mouldboard ploughing, MP and shallow mouldboard ploughing, SMP) to conservation tillage (reduced tillage, RT, direct drilling or very superficial tillage, NT) in three organic arable systems in France (sites A\u2013C). In a second stage, the effect of earthworm activity on soil porosity under the four tillage systems was assessed at sites A and B. Earthworm abundance, biomass and diversity were measured over a 2\u20133-year period at the 3 sites. During the same period, soil structure (soil profile description and soil bulk density) and open worm burrows in the soil were assessed at sites A and B. After 3 years of experiments, it was found that at 2 sites earthworm abundance and biomass were higher in NT than with ploughing or reduced tillage. The increase of earthworms in NT is mainly due to anecic species increase. Earthworm abundance and biomass tend to decrease regardless of the tillage techniques employed at sites with a ley, and conversely, tend to increase in NT and RT at sites initially ploughed. In the short term, the increase of anecic species in NT has no effect on soil porosity evolution: NT soils were more compacted than those which were ploughed. A long-term experiment is required to assess the effect of biological activity on the physical components of soil in organic farming.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Organic farming", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Soil tillage", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil biology", "Abundance", "Soil structure", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-15", "title": "Changes In Soil Chemical Characteristics With Different Tillage Practices In A Semi-Arid Environment", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Paraplow", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Nutrient stocks", "Soil pH", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Conservation tillage", "6. Clean water", "Semi-arid soils"], "contacts": [{"organization": "L\u00f3pez-Fando, Cristina, Pardo Fern\u00e1ndez, Mar\u00eda Teresa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.03.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.03.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-05-24", "title": "Earthworm Populations And Growth Rates Related To Long-Term Crop Residue And Tillage Management", "description": "Conventional tillage creates soil physical conditions that may restrict earthworm movement and accelerate crop residue decomposition, thus reducing the food supply for earthworms. These negative impacts may be alleviated by retaining crop residues in agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various tillage and crop residue management practices on earthworm populations in the field and earthworm growth under controlled conditions. Population assessments were conducted at two long-term (15+ years) experimental sites in Quebec, Canada with three tillage systems: moldboard plow/disk harrow (CT), chisel plow or disk harrow (RT) and no tillage (NT), as well as two levels of crop residue inputs (high and low). Earthworm growth was assessed in intact soil cores from both sites. In the field, earthworm populations and biomass were greater with long-term NT than CT and RT practices, but not affected by crop residue management. Laboratory growth rates of Aporrectodea turgida (Eisen) in intact soil cores were affected by tillage and residue inputs, and were positively correlated with the soil organic C pool, suggesting that tillage and residue management practices that increase the soil organic C pool provide more organic substrates for earthworm growth. The highest earthworm growth rates were in soils from RT plots with high residue input, which differed from the response of earthworm populations to tillage and residue management treatments in the field. Our results suggest that tillage-induced disturbance probably has a greater impact than food availability on earthworm populations in cool, humid agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil management", "Soil organic matter", "Aporrectodea turgida", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Crop residue input", "Agricultural ecosystems", "Tillage system", "Growth rates", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Field Scale", "Temperate zones", "Conservation tillage", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-18", "title": "Effect Of Long-Term Conservation Tillage On Soil Biochemical Properties In Mediterranean Spanish Areas", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Soil microbial biomass carbon", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "Semi-arid areas", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil enzymatic activities", "15. Life on land", "Soil tillage", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.05.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.05.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-06", "title": "The Influence Of Tillage Systems On Soil Organic Matter And Soil Hydrophobicity", "description": "Abstract Management practices including various tillage systems influence quantity and composition of soil organic matter (SOM). Parameters for evaluating both the SOM quantity (organic C [C ox ], total N [N t ]) and quality (microbial biomass C, hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic components) were determined in soil samples, taken from two soil depths (0\u20130.1\u00a0m and 0.1\u20130.3\u00a0m) in a field experiment in the period 2001\u20132007, with different tillage systems. The experiment, founded in 1995 in Prague-Ruzyn\u011b, includes conventional soil tillage (CT) plus some selected methods of conservation tillage: (a) no tillage (NT), (b) no tillage\u00a0+\u00a0mulch (NTM), and (c) minimum tillage with pre-crop residues incorporated (MTS). C ox and microbial biomass C contents increased significantly with conservation tillage as compared to CT in 0\u20130.1\u00a0m layer, non-significant increase was found in 0.1\u20130.3\u00a0m layer. N t increased non-significantly in both layers. Along with the depth of sampling, the content of the characterized parameters decreased in all variants; but the decrease in the conventionally tilled variant was, for the most part, lower than in the conservation tillage. The functional hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups of soil organic matter were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the hydrophobic/hydrophilic group intensities ratio was calculated as the parameter of soil hydrophobicity. A higher soil hydrophobicity existed in all three conservation tillage treatments compared to CT due to the significantly higher content of hydrophobic organic components. C ox correlated significantly with microbial biomass C, N t , hydrophobic components, and soil hydrophobicity ( R \u00a0=\u00a00.552\u20130.654; P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T. \u0160imon, M. Jav\u016frek, M. Vach, O. Mikanov\u00e1,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-07-08", "title": "Effects Of Agricultural Management On Surface Soil Properties And Soil-Water Losses In Eastern Spain", "description": "Abstract In Spain, agriculture triggers soil degradation and erosion processes. New strategies have to be developed to reduce soil losses and recover or maintain soil functionality in order to achieve a sustainable agriculture. An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of different agricultural management on soil properties and soil erosion. Five different treatments (ploughing, herbicide, control, straw mulch and chipped pruned branches) were established in \u201cEl Teularet experimental station\u201d located in the Sierra de Enguera (Valencia, Spain). Soil sampling was conducted prior to treatment establishment, and again after 16 months, to determine soil organic matter content (OM), aggregate stability (AS), and microbial biomass carbon content (C mic ). Fifty rainfall simulations tests (55\u00a0mm during one hour, 5-year return period) were applied to measure soil and water losses under each treatment. The highest values of OM, AS and C mic were observed in the straw-covered plot, where soil and water losses were negligible. On the contrary, the plot treated with herbicides had the highest soil losses and a slight reduction in C mic . Soil erosion control was effective after 16 months on the plots where vegetation was present while on the ploughed and herbicide-treated plots, the practices were not sustainable due to large water and soil losses. Except for the straw mulch plot, soil properties (OM, AS, C mic ) were not enhanced by the new land managements, but soil erosion control was achieved on three of the five plots used (weeds, weeds plus straw and weeds plus chipped pruned branches). Erosion control strategies such as weeds, weeds plus straw mulch and weeds plus chipped branches mulch are highly efficient in reducing soil losses on traditional herbicide-treated and ploughed agricultural land. However, it takes longer to recover other soil properties such as OM, AS, and C mic .", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-24", "title": "No-Tillage Improvement Of Soil Physical Quality In Calcareous, Degradation-Prone, Semiarid Soils", "description": "Many soils in the semiarid Mediterranean Ebro Valley of Spain are prone to physical and chemical degradation due to their silty texture, low organic matter content, and presence of carbonates, gypsum or other soluble salts. Rainfed agriculture on these soils is also hindered by the scarcity of water. No-tillage can increase plant-available water and soil organic matter, thus helping overcome most factors limiting crop production in this area. Our objective was to determine how conventional- and no-tillage practices affected soil physical quality indicators and water availability in an on-farm study in the Ebro Valley. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 5-, 5 to 15-, and 15 to 30-cm depth increments within adjacent farmer-managed conventional- and no-tillage fields in 2007 and 2008. Both fields were managed for continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production. The soil at both sites is a silt loam (Haplic Calcisol). Aggregate-size distribution and stability, soil water retention characteristics, organic carbon, and total carbonates were determined in 2007. Pore-size distribution was estimated from the water retention curve. Penetration resistance, soil bulk density and field water content during the entire crop growing season were measured for both fields in 2008. Aggregate dry mean weight diameter and stability in water were 1.2 and 2.2 times greater, respectively, under no-tillage than conventional tillage due to reduced mechanical disturbance and increased soil organic carbon content. Bulk density was 1.12 times greater (P\u00a0<\u00a00.1) under no-tillage only in the 0\u20135-cm depth. Two times greater penetration resistance to a depth of 15\u00a0cm in this treatment was related to bulk density and aggregates stability. Field water content was greater with no-tillage than conventional tillage during the driest months in 2008. The volume of equivalent diameter pores (0.2\u20139\u00a0\u03bcm) was 1.5 times higher under no-tillage. This increased plant-available water content and doubled barley production under no-tillage in 2008, which was a very dry year. We conclude that despite the greater penetration resistance under no-tillage, increased water availability as a result of improved structure characteristics was more important for crop yield. This suggests that producers should seriously consider adopting no-tillage practices for soil conservation in semiarid degraded areas like the one studied.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-05", "title": "Comparative Effects Of Conventional And No-Tillage Management On Some Soil Properties Under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions In Northwestern Tunisia", "description": "Abstract No-tillage (NT) is becoming increasingly attractive to farmers worldwide because it clearly reduces production costs relative to conventional tillage (CT) and improves soil properties and crop yield. Currently, under semi-arid conditions in North Africa, modern no-tillage techniques are being practiced on several hectares of land. The effect of NT and CT management and crop rotation on soil properties under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions was studied, over a 4-year period at two locations in northern Tunisia. Data from a short-term (2000\u20132004) use of both no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) at the ESAK (Tunisia) were used to evaluate the influence of the tillage systems on the physicochemical properties of soil at the 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth layers. Trial was set up in 2000, where the two tillage systems (CT and NT), and four crop types (durum wheat, barley, pea and oats) were implemented in two distinct sites close to two governorates: Kef (silt/clayey) and Siliana (sand/clay) in northwestern Tunisia. Four years after implementing the two different tillage systems, soil parameters (N, NO 3 2\u2212 , NH 4 + P, P 2 O 5 , K, K 2 O, SOC, SOM and CEC) were determined and comparison between the two tillage systems was made. Our results showed that after 4 years the contents of some parameters for most crop types were greater under NT than under CT at 0\u201320\u00a0cm depth layers, the results varied depending on crop type and site. NT significantly improved soil content especially for K, K 2 O, P 2 O 5 and N. Under NT system SOM and SOC were enhanced, but without significant results. These enhancements were accompanied by the enhancement of the CEC and the decrease of the C/N ratio. Thus the mineralization process was slightly quicker under NT. Our results also indicate that residue cover combined with no-tillage appears to improve some agronomic parameters and biomass production (grain yield). Multivariate analyses indicate that the improvement of soil properties was dependant on tillage management, sites (climate and soil type) and crop succession (species and cover residue). It must be pointed out that a 4-year period was not sufficient to clearly establish some parameters used in the effects of the NT system on soil properties under semi-arid conditions in northwestern Tunisia.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Moncef Ben-Hammouda, Fa\u00efek Errouissi, Sihem Ben Moussa-Machraoui, Sa\u00efd Nouira,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.10.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.10.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.07.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-08-20", "title": "Grazing Effect On Soil Properties In Conventional And No-Till Systems", "description": "Abstract Diversification of production is a concern for farmers in many regions of the world, raising a renewed interest in crop-animal rotations. However little information is available on whether the introduction of grazing animals in a no-till system could be a sustainable practice. The present long-term study was carried out in the semiarid region of Argentina, on an Entic Haplustoll (A, AC, C and C k profile). The experimental plots were established in August 1993, with two treatments, no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Stubble was regularly used for grazing until 2002, when plots were divided into grazed (G) and non-grazed (NG) sub-treatments. Soil samples were taken at 0\u20130.10 and 0.10\u20130.20\u00a0m depth at the beginning of the experiment (1993) and during 2007, with the following determinations: clay\u00a0+\u00a0silt contents, bulk density (BD), total carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), available P, C contents of aggregate fractions of 2000\u2013100 (POC), 100\u201350 (IOC) and \u22121 vs. CT 13.2\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and higher amounts in all C fractions, even in FOC (11.3\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 vs. 9.2\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ). For BD, we found no difference between NT and CT at the surface and an even lower value for NT at 0.10\u20130.20\u00a0m depth. Under NT no depletion of available P occurred, while CT lost about 23\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 . Grazing had a negative effect on BD when averaging BD data across tillage systems, while there was no effect on aggregate stability, and a positive one on the proportion of >8\u00a0mm aggregates (23.3% vs. 11.7% for CT G and CT NG, respectively). C stratification showed a differential effect of grazing: NT G had the highest index (1.31) and CT G the lowest one (0.98). Our results indicated that the introduction of grazing animals in NT crop systems would not be detrimental to soil conditions and quality, at least in semiarid conditions of Argentina.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.07.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.07.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.07.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.07.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-11-08", "title": "Long-Term Fertilizer Effects On Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen And Coupling Relationships Of C And N In Paddy Soils In Subtropical China", "description": "Abstract Fertilizer application has the potential to promote the sequestration of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in agricultural soils and thus may mitigate the effects of atmospheric greenhouse gases. In this study, the effects of fertilizer practices [i.e., no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), and chemical fertilizer plus low or high rates of organic manure (LOM or HOM)] on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content in the plow layer (0\u201320\u00a0cm) of paddy soils were examined using the data from eight long-term field experimental sites (1986\u20132003) in Hunan Province, Southern China. The SOC and TN content with the treatments which included N fertilizer (NPK, LOM, and HOM) ranged from 16.2 to 38.6\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 and from 1.07 to 3.92\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121 , respectively. Compared with the CK treatment, the average SOC and TN content were 2.0 and 19.3%, 29.3 and 5.2%, and 19.5 and 27.1% larger, respectively, for NPK, LOM, and HOM. In addition, the average values for SOC with the four treatments (CK, NPK, LOM, and HOM) had increased by 13.1, 15.4, 35.0, and 46.3%, respectively, by 2003; for TN they had increased by 5.0, 10.5, 25.5, and 33.5%, respectively, above the values obtained in 1986. However, the increase in SOC and TN content varied substantially at the different experimental sites. Organic\u2013chemical fertilization gradually increased SOC and TN content and then the values tended to be stable with the LOM and HOM treatments from 1986 to 2003; they also remained stable for the NPK and CK treatments. Soil TN contents were significantly correlated with SOC at each site ( P", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-04", "title": "Impact Of Perennial Pasture And Tillage Systems On Carbon Input And Soil Quality Indicators", "description": "Abstract Soil degradation associated with tillage is a major problem in Uruguayan agriculture. Either rotation of crops with pastures (ROT) or no-till (NT) cropping have been proposed as alternatives to minimize the impact of agriculture on soil quality. The combined impact on soil properties of ROT and NT has not been evaluated. In this study, we report results of the first 12 years of a long-term experiment established on a clay loam soil in western Uruguay. The objective was to determine the influence of conventional tillage (CT) and NT on systems under continuous cropping (CC, two crops per year) or ROT (3.5-year annual crops/2.5-year pastures). Soil samples taken at the beginning of the experiment in 1994 and in 2004 were analyzed for organic carbon (SOC), total organic carbon (TSOC) and total nitrogen content (STN), and for water-stable aggregation (WAS). Soil loss and erodibility indicators were studied using microrain simulator. With 12 years, the cumulative carbon (C) inputs of aboveground biomass were similar between tillage, but C input in CC was 50% higher than ROT. This difference was explained because 84% of the pastures dry matter was consumed by animals. Nevertheless we estimated a higher below ground biomass in ROT compared to CC systems (24.9\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 vs. 10.9\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ). NT presented 7% higher SOC than CT (0\u201318\u00a0cm) with no differences between rotation systems. While all treatments declined in STN during 12 years, ROT had 11% and 58% higher STN and WAS than CC systems, with a large impact of the pasture under CT. Runoff and erosion were minimized under NT in both rotations systems. Thus, including pastures in the rotation, or switching from CT to NT improved soil quality properties. The expected benefit of combining NT and ROT will likely require more years for the cumulative effect to be detectable in both C input and soil properties.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-24", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emission From Direct Seeding Paddy Field Under Different Rice Tillage Systems In Central China", "description": "Abstract Agricultural tillage practices play an important role in the production and/or consumption of green house gas (GHG) that contributes substantially to the observed global warming. Central China is one of the world's major rice producing areas but a few studies have tried to characterize the mechanisms of GHG release from rice paddy field and quantify global warming (GWPs) based on GHGs emission on this region. In this study four tillage systems consisting of no-tillage with no fertilizer (NT0), conventional tillage with no fertilizer (CT0), no-tillage with compound fertilizer (NTC) and conventional tillage with compound fertilizer (CTC) applications in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cultivation were compared in terms of the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from different tillage systems of the subtropical region of China during the rice growing season in 2008. GWPs based on CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O's cumulative emissions were also compared. Tillage and fertilization had no influence on CO 2 emissions. No-tillage had no effect on N 2 O emissions but significantly affected CH 4 emissions. Application of fertilizer significantly affected CH 4 and N 2 O emissions. Higher CH 4 emissions and lower N 2 O emissions were observed in CTC than in NTC. Cumulative CH 4 emission flux in NTC was 51.68\u00a0g\u00a0CH 4 \u00a0m \u22122 while it was 65.96\u00a0g\u00a0CH 4 \u00a0m \u22122 in CTC, 28% ( p 2 O emission flux in CTC was 561.00\u00a0mg\u00a0N 2 O\u00a0m \u22122 , and was 741.71\u00a0mg\u00a0N 2 O\u00a0m \u22122 in NTC, 33% ( p 2 O emissions between NT0 and CT0 systems, but significant in CH 4 emissions. GWP of CTC was 26011.58\u00a0kg\u00a0CO 2 \u00a0ha \u22121 , which was 12% higher than that in NTC (23361.3\u00a0kg\u00a0CO 2 \u00a0ha \u22121 ), therefore our findings show that no-tillage system was an effective strategy to reduce GWP from rice paddies in central China and thus can serve as a good agricultural system for environmental conservation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-13", "title": "Changes In Soil Organic Carbon Storage Under Different Agricultural Management Systems In The Southwest Amazon Region Of Brazil", "description": "Abstract The Cerrado and Amazon regions of Brazil are probably the largest agricultural frontier of the world, and could be a sink or source for C depending on the net effect of land use change and subsequent management on soil organic C pools. We evaluated the effects of agricultural management systems on soil organic C (SOC) stocks in the Brazilian states of Rondonia and Mato Grosso, and derived regional specific factors for soil C stock change associated with different management systems. We used 50 observations (data points) in this study, including 42 dealing with annual cropping practices and 8 dealing with perennial cropping, and analyzed the data in linear mixed-effect models. No tillage (NT) systems in Cerrado areas increased SOC storage by 1.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.06 relative to SOC stocks under native conditions, while SOC storage increased by a modest factor of 1.01\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.17 in Cerradao and Amazon Forest conditions. Full tillage (FT) had negative effect on SOC storage relative to NT, decreasing SOC stocks by a factor of 0.94\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04, but did not significantly reduce SOC stocks relative to native levels when adopted in the Cerrado region. Perennial cropping had a minimal impact on SOC stocks, estimated at a factor value of 0.98\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.14, suggesting these systems maintain about 98% of the SOC stock found under native vegetation. The results suggest that NT adoption may be increasing SOC with land use change from native vegetation to cropland management in the Cerrado region of Brazil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2013.10.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-11-15", "title": "Tillage And Residue Management Effects On Soil Aggregation, Organic Carbon Dynamics And Yield Attribute In Rice\u2013Wheat Cropping System Under Reclaimed Sodic Soil", "description": "Abstract Conservation tillage and residue management are the options for enhancing soil organic carbon stabilization by improving soil aggregation in tropical soils. We studied the influence of different combinations of tillage and residue management on carbon stabilization in different sized soil aggregates and also on crop yield after 5 years of continuous rice\u2013wheat cropping system on a sandy loam reclaimed sodic soil of north India. Compared to conventional tillage, water stable macroaggregates in conservation tillage (reduced and zero-tillage) in wheat coupled with direct seeded rice (DSR) was increased by 50.13% and water stable microaggregates of the later decreased by 10.1% in surface soil. Residue incorporation caused a significant increment of 15.65% in total water stable aggregates in surface soil (0\u201315\u00a0cm) and 7.53% in sub-surface soil (15\u201330\u00a0cm). In surface soil, the maximum (19.2%) and minimum (8.9%) proportion of total aggregated carbon was retained with >2\u00a0mm and 0.1\u20130.05\u00a0mm size fractions, respectively. DSR combined with zero tillage in wheat along with residue retention (T6) had the highest capability to hold the organic carbon in surface (11.57\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 soil aggregates) with the highest stratification ratio of SOC (1.5). Moreover, it could show the highest carbon preservation capacity (CPC) of coarse macro and mesoaggregates. A considerable proportion of the total SOC was found to be captured by the macroaggregates (>2\u20130.25\u00a0mm) under both surface (67.1%) and sub-surface layers (66.7%) leaving rest amount in microaggregates and \u2018silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay\u2019 sized particles. From our study, it has been proved that DSR with zero tillage in wheat (with residue) treatment (T6) has the highest potential to secure sustainable yield increment (8.3%) and good soil health by improving soil aggregation (53.8%) and SOC sequestration (33.6%) with respect to the conventional tillage with transplanted rice (T1) after five years of continuous rice\u2013wheat cropping in sandy loam reclaimed sodic soil of hot semi-arid Indian sub-continent.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sonal Srivastava, Suresh Kumar Chaudhari, Dinesh K. Sharma, Dipak Sarkar, Ranbir Singh, Shreyasi Gupta Choudhury, S. K. Singh,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2013.10.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2013.10.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2013.10.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-16", "title": "Effects Of 11 Years Of Conservation Tillage On Soil Organic Matter Fractions In Wheat Monoculture In Loess Plateau Of China", "description": "Abstract The Loess Plateau in northwest China is one of the most eroded landscapes in the world, and it is urgent that alternative practices be evaluated to control soil erosion. Our objective was to determine how three different tillage practices for monoculture of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) affected soil organic carbon (SOC) and N content after 11 years. Conventional tillage with residue removal (CT), shallow tillage with residue cover (ST), and no-tillage with residue cover (NT) were investigated. Carbon and N in various aggregate-size classes and various labile organic C fractions in the 0\u201315- and 15\u201330-cm soil layers were evaluated. The ST and NT treatments had 14.2 and 13.7% higher SOC stocks and 14.1 and 3.7% higher total N (N t ) stocks than CT in the upper 15\u00a0cm, respectively. Labile C fractions: particulate organic C (POC), permanganate oxidizable C (KMnO 4 -C), hot-water extractable C (HWC), microbial biomass C (MBC) and dissolved organic C (DOC) were all significantly higher in NT and ST than in CT in the upper 15\u00a0cm. KMnO 4 -C, POC and HWC were the most sensitive fractions to tillage changes. The portion of 0.25\u20132\u00a0mm aggregates, mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates from ST and NT treatments were larger than from CT at both 0\u201315- and 15\u201330-cm soil depths. The ST and NT treatments had significantly higher SOC and N t in the 0.25\u20132\u00a0mm fraction at both depths and significantly higher N t content in the upper 15\u00a0cm. Positive significant correlations were observed between SOC, labile organic C fractions, MWD, GMD, and macroaggregate (0.25\u20132\u00a0mm) C within the upper 15\u00a0cm. We conclude that both variants of conservation tillage (NT and ST) increase SOC stock in the rainfed farming areas of northern China and are therefore more sustainable practices than those currently being used.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-11-14", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In Nepal Long-Term Soil Fertility Experiments", "description": "Abstract Loss of organic C from tilled agricultural soils has generated interest in C-sequestration in soils. The effects of nutrient and organic inputs on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks were studied in three 23\u201325-year-old long-term conventional tillage fertility experiments (LTFEs) in the Nepal terai. The sites differed in soil texture and were cropped annually to rice ( Oryza sativa L.) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Treatments were control (unfertilized), recommended NPK, and farmyard manure (FYM; 4\u00a0Mg\u00a0dry\u00a0wt./crop) at all sites, plus FYM (4\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ) or chopped wheat straw (8\u00a0Mg\u00a0dry\u00a0wt.\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ) plus N to rice and NPK to wheat at Parwanipur. Small areas of unfertilized grassland created at the same time as the LTFEs were sampled to provide a no-tillage comparison. Soil samples were collected at 15\u00a0cm intervals to a depth of 60\u00a0cm. In general, SOC and TN stocks were highest in the FYM treatment and the grassland, intermediate in treatments with residue return or reduced FYM inputs and lowest in the control and NPK treatments. Differences in SOC and TN stocks were found in the top 30\u00a0cm of soil at Bhairahawa but only in the top 15\u00a0cm at the other two sites. Application of inorganic nutrients increased SOC and TN only at Bhairahawa, which had the highest silt\u00a0+\u00a0clay content and where severe P deficiency was observed without fertilization. SOC stocks to 60\u00a0cm at Bhairahawa were 33.5, 36.8 and 53.1\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha \u22121 for the control, NPK, and FYM treatments, respectively, on an equal soil mass basis. The SOC stock in the NT-grassland was 51.8\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 , similar to that in the FYM treatment. Stocks of SOC and TN were anomalously high at Tarahara but differences between treatments were similar to those at Parwanipur, which had a similar soil texture. Retention of added carbon over the duration of the experiment was about 10% for FYM and 4.5% for wheat straw. It was estimated that 47% of the original soil C under native forest had been lost from the NPK treatments at Bhairahwa and Parwanipur and that recovery was to 71\u201376% of the forest value with addition of FYM. However, the rates of FYM used would not be achievable at a landscape scale. Given these results, shifting to no-tillage agriculture is probably the most practical option for increasing SOC and TN stocks.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S. K. Gami, John M. Duxbury, J.G. Lauren,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.10.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.10.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.10.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-31", "title": "Soil Microbial Community, C, N, And P Responses To Long-Term Tillage And Crop Rotation", "description": "Abstract Tillage and crop rotation/intensity can influence soil biological properties and relevant soil processes including C sequestration. This study determined the effects of long-term (25 years) no till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) management and cropping sequence [continuous wheat (CW; Triticum aestivum L.) and a rotation of sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), wheat and soybean (RW; Glycine max L. Merr)] on soil microbial community structure and labile and recalcitrant microbial bio-products in central Texas. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles, microbial biomass (MB-C, -N and -P), hot water extractable soil carbohydrates (HWE-SC) and easily extracted- (EE-) and total-glomalin-related soil proteins (T-GRSP) were analyzed. Principal component analysis of the FAME data indicated that crop management modified and selected microbial populations. In general, NT\u2013RW resulted in the greatest richness and biodiversity of the total microbial community, soil organic C, MB-P, HWE-SC, EE- and T-GRSP. No tillage increased labile and more recalcitrant bio-products, soil organic C and total N compared to CT. The soil microbial biomass C:N:P ratio, an indicator of ecosystem nutrient limitation, suggested that the CT\u2013RW treatment may have a soil P limitation, which was not observed in the other treatments. The treatments preferentially selected for different microbial communities, which generated microbial products that significantly influenced soil C and N retention. Our results suggested that NT in conjunction with crop rotation (RW) can be recommended for increased soil C sequestration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-26", "title": "Soil Compaction Varies By Crop Management System Over A Claypan Soil Landscape", "description": "Abstract While the effects of landscape position (LP) and management practices on soil compaction have been documented as individual factors, limited understanding exists of their interactions. Such understanding is needed to prevent site-specific compaction and to better optimize soil management practices using precision agriculture principles and technologies. The objective of this investigation was to quantify, for a typical claypan soil [Epiaqualfs (USDA); Stagnic Luvisols (WRB)], the impacts and interactions of crop management system and LP on soil compaction as quantified by cone index (CI) and CI-related variables. Cone penetrometer measurements were collected in 2004 at three claypan soil LP (summit, backslope, and footslope) for four different cropping systems [CS; mulch tillage corn ( Zea mays L.)-soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (MTCS), no-tillage corn\u2013soybean (NTCS), no-tillage corn\u2013soybean\u2013wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) (NTCSW), and conservation reserve program (CRP)] that had been in place for more than a decade. Soils were sampled at the same time for soil water content (WC) and soil bulk density (BD) measurements. Mean differences for response variables were examined using F -protected ( P \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05) LSD values. Cone index averaged over soil depth differed by CS and LP. At the footslope position, CI for the NTCSW CS measured \u223c2.0\u00a0MPa in the upper 25\u00a0cm of soil, and was notably greater than the other management systems. This outcome was attributed to the footslope staying wetter for a longer period during the spring and early summer because of un-removed cover crop plant residues. Wetter soils resulted in vulnerability to compaction during planting and spraying operations. Compaction on CRP was predictably less than the grain CS at all LP because farm machinery traffic only occurred on this system with bi-annual weed mowing during the mid-summer. These findings help bring to light where in claypan soil landscapes certain types of grain crop management will cause significant compaction. These areas could be targeted for further soil strength testing and then, when necessary, appropriate compaction remediation actions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-27", "title": "Carbon Accumulation In Soil. Ten-Year Study Of Conservation Tillage And Crop Rotation In A Semi-Arid Area Of Castile-Leon, Spain", "description": "Abstract Minimum (MT) or no tillage (NT) and increased cropping intensity can enhance soil structure and raise carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. The effectiveness of these procedures depends on soil type, crops, and tillage management systems. Increases in the organic carbon content may be affected by crop type, crop rotation and the quality and quantity of crop residues left on the soil surface. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a good indicator of soil quality and conservation. The present study was conducted from 1994 to 2004 at Torrepadierne, Burgos, a cereal farming area in Spain, on Typic Calcixerolls soil with a 1.8% soil organic matter (SOM) content. The average annual rainfall in the area is 448\u00a0mm. A split-plot experimental design was used, in which the main factor was the tillage system \u2013 conventional (CT), minimum (MT) or no-till (NT) \u2013 and the sub-factor crop rotation \u2013 cereal/cereal (C\u2013C), cereal/fallow (C\u2013F) and cereal/legume (C\u2013L). Fallow/cereal and legume/cereal were added to these sequences to have the same crops every year. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of tillage systems and cropping sequences on SOC patterns after 10 years of soil management. At a depth of 0\u201310\u00a0cm, the SOC content was significantly higher with NT than CT or MT, by 58% and 11%, respectively. SOC values were 41% higher with MT, in turn, than with CT. At a depth of 10\u201320\u00a0cm, the SOC content was 30% higher with NT than with CT and 7% higher than with MT. And at 20\u201330\u00a0cm, it was 7% higher with MT than with CT, 12% higher with NT than CT and 9% higher with no-till than minimum-till. In 2004, at the end of the 10 years period, SOC was 25% greater with NT than CT, 16% greater with NT than MT, and 17% higher with MT than CT. Crop rotation was not observed to have any significant effect on the SOC content in 2004, however. These findings suggest that carbon sequestration in the 30\u00a0cm layer can be improved if NT or MT are used in lieu of conventional practice. The total crop residue returning to the soil was significantly greater in plots sown with legume after cereal harvest than in plots left fallow. It also enhanced SOC sequestration in non- or minimally tilled soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-15", "title": "Effects Of Long-Term Chemical Fertilization And Organic Amendments On Dynamics Of Soil Organic C And Total N In Paddy Soil Derived From Barren Land In Subtropical China", "description": "Abstract For better understanding the development of infertile paddy soils in subtropical China, a long-term field experiment of paddy soil was developed from barren land in 1990. Experimental treatments including NPK, NPKRS (NPK and rice straw), NPK2RS (NPK and double amount of rice straw), NPKPM (NPK and pig manure), and NPKGM (NPK and green manure (Astragalus sinicus L.)) were employed with rice\u2013rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping system. Rice yields, soil organic C (SOC) and total N were analyzed. In all of the treatments, early rice yields increased along cultivation years steadily, however late and annual rice yield was fluctuant between different years. From 1991 to 2006, average annual yield ranged from 7795 to 8572\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121 among different fertilizer treatments. Organic amendments usually enhanced rice yields significantly except for the treatment with NPKRS. SOC and total N contents of surface soil increased linearly with cultivated years from 3.9\u20135.7\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 and 0.46\u20130.57\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 in initial stage to 7.1\u20139.2\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 and 0.87\u20130.95\u00a0g\u00a0kg\u22121 in 2005 respectively. Quantity and quality of input organic matter affected soil C dynamics and N balance. SOC sequestration rates were well correlated to modified organic C input, while SOC mineralization rates were related with either organic C input or SOC contents. Annual soil N accumulation was 13\u201318% of total input. However the net lost N, which was calculated based on fertilizer inputs, crop outputs, and annual N accumulation, was 44\u201349% in our study. In general, after 17 years\u2019 cultivation and fertilization management, rice yield reached a high level equivalent to the average yield of local high productivity paddy soils, whereas SOC and total N content were still less than half of those in high productivity paddy soils in this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Xiaochen Wu, Fengxiang X. Han, Ming Liu, Taolin Zhang, Zhongpei Li,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-18", "title": "Tillage Effects On Soil Organic Carbon Storage And Dynamics In Corn Belt Of Ohio Usa", "description": "Abstract No-till (NT) agriculture reduces soil disturbance, conserves soil and water, and lowers the cost of agricultural production. However, its role in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration can be soil and site specific. The applicability of the results from long-term tillage experiments (LTTEs) showing positive rate of carbon (C) sequestration is being questioned under large scale farmers\u2019 field conditions. Therefore, this study assessed the soil C dynamics under conventional till (CT) and NT practices using three LTTEs and three farmer's field sites in Ohio, USA with diverse soil types, and environmental and management conditions. The hypothesis tested was that reduced soil disturbance in NT management system enhances soil C sequestration in comparison to CT management. Soils were sampled (0\u201340\u00a0cm) from adjacent CT, NT and woodlot (WL) plots at each site. Total C and nitrogen (N) pools were calculated based on equivalent soil mass basis. The SOC was fractioned into old C and new (corn C) using \u03b413C natural abundance. The CT soils had 26\u201355% lower SOC and 7\u201334% lower N pool compared to forest soils. Most of the historic SOC and N losses in cultivated soils occurred within the plow (0\u201325\u00a0cm) layer. The SOC pool in the top 40\u00a0cm was significantly greater under NT than CT at LTTEs and Coshocton farm. There were no significant differences in SOC pool of the top 40\u00a0cm among CT and NT at Delaware and Hoytville farms. Old C accounted for 69% and 66% of SOC under CT and NT, respectively at Northwestern Agricultural Research Station. However, at Western Agricultural Research Station, corn-derived C dominated CT and NT soils, accounting for 55% and 66% of SOC in the top 40\u00a0cm, respectively. At North Appalachian Experimental watersheds, corn-derived C dominated NT soils (64%), while old C dominated CT soils (64%). Result of this study indicated that a decrease in SOC and N pools occurs when forest soil is cultivated. Conversion of CT to NT restores some of the depleted SOC and N pools. This supports our hypothesis that the reduced soil disturbance in NT system slows the decomposition of SOC which increases soil C sequestration. The quantity and rate of loss or sequestration depends on several factors including soil type, texture and drainage, tillage intensity, and duration of NT practice.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.02.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.02.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.02.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.03.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-15", "title": "Long-Term Impacts Of Municipal Solid Waste Compost, Sewage Sludge And Farmyard Manure Application On Organic Carbon, Bulk Density And Consistency Limits Of A Calcareous Soil In Central Iran", "description": "Abstract Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) is vital in terms of improving the soil physical and mechanical properties related to conditions for tillage and traffic, and to crop development in arid and semiarid regions. This study was conducted to characterize the SOC, bulk density (BD) and consistency limits (shrinkage limit, SL; plastic limit, PL; liquid limit, LL) of a calcareous soil (Typic Haplargids) in relation to the seven-year application of manures (municipal solid waste compost, MSWC; sewage sludge, SS; farmyard manure, FYM) at three rates (25, 50 and 100\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and one inorganic fertilizer (NP) management in irrigated wheat\u2013corn rotation. There was also a control treatment (UNF), i.e. without any organic and/or inorganic fertilizer addition. The SOC, BD, consistency limits, plasticity index (PI\u00a0=\u00a0LL\u00a0\u2212\u00a0PL) and friability index (FI\u00a0=\u00a0PL\u00a0\u2212\u00a0SL) were measured for the soil taken from the 0\u201320\u00a0cm layer. The SOC in SS, FYM and MSWC treated soils increased on average by 2.5, 2.2 and 2 times of the amount in the UNF, respectively. The BD varied from 1.03 to 1.37\u00a0Mg\u00a0m \u22123 . The lowest BD was recorded in 100\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 application rate of manures, whereas it was the highest in NP treatment. The PL and LL varied from 19% to 30% and 30.1% to 40.9%, respectively. The PL for the SS treated soil was significantly higher than the FYM and MSWC treated soils. However, the LL and PI were not significantly affected by manure type. The SL and PL were increased significantly but in small percentages by the application of NP as compared with the UNF. The optimum water content (WC) for tillage (i.e. 0.9PL) as well as the workable WC range (i.e. FI) was the largest in the soil amended with 100\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 of SS and the smallest in the UNF. There was a significant relationship between the application rate of the manures and the SOC. The positive relationship between SOC and SL, PL, LL or FI was found to be significantly linear whereas the relationship with the soil BD was significantly negative. For soils amended with SS which the data on cation exchange capacity (CEC) were available, the relationships of PL and LL with CEC were significantly linear as with SOC. This study showed that the manures improved soil WC ranges at which the optimum conditions for tillage and traffic can be obtained. Moreover, the improvement depended on the application rate of the manures.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.03.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.03.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.03.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.03.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-09", "title": "Carbon Contents And Respiration Rates Of Aggregate Size Fractions Under No-Till And Conventional Tillage", "description": "Abstract The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term (14 yr) effect of no-till (NT) compared with conventional tillage (CT) on the distribution of dry sieved aggregate size fractions, their carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents and respiration activity. Soil samples were taken from a long-term (14 years) tillage experiment with a rotation of 6 cash crops, 4 years pasture and another 6 cash crops in the sandy plains region of semiarid central Argentina, on an Entic Haplustoll. Sampling was carried out at 0.06\u00a0m intervals to 0.18\u00a0m depth, with 4 replicates per tillage treatment. Bulk density (BD), C and N were determined on air dried samples. Dry aggregate size distribution (fractions: >4, 1\u20134, and 4 and", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-18", "title": "Distribution Of Soil Organic Carbon In Different Size Fractions, Under Pasture And Crop Rotations With Conventional Tillage And No-Till Systems", "description": "Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the principal indicators of soil quality. Its size fractions have been proposed as high sensitivity indicators in order to detect changes generated by different soil use and management intensities. The objective was to compare the impact of different soil management practices after 10 years on SOC distribution and its size fractions. Treatments consisted in two rotation systems (rotations of continuous annual crops and rotations of 3 years of crops and 3 years of pastures), performed with conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT). In 2000, NT treatments were additionally split into C 3 or C 4 summer crops. In 2003, soil was sampled at 0\u20133, 3\u20136, 6\u201312, 12\u201318, 18\u201340, 40\u201360 and 60\u201380\u00a0cm depths and SOC was determined. At the first four depths, SOC associated with particulate organic matter (POM-C) and with the soil mineral fraction (MAOM-C) were determined. Changes in carbon indicators (SOC and its size fractions) occurred mainly in the first 3\u00a0cm of soil, and with the exception of POM-C, were diluted when considering the 0\u201318\u00a0cm depth. Inclusion of pastures in the rotation was a better alternative to continuous cropping in CT systems, since it had better C indicator values. However, NT improved indicator values compared with LC, especially when C 4 species were included in the rotation; no differences were found between continuous cropping or crop-pasture rotations. These results allowed discriminate different combinations of crops and tillage systems that contribute to maintain or increase SOC, suggesting a sustainable management of the soil resource.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-20", "title": "Soil N Mineralization And Microbial Biomass Carbon Affected By Different Tillage Levels In A Hot Humid Tropic", "description": "Abstract Tillage is known to reduce soil organic carbon (SOC) and increase soil N mineralization, but information on the level of tillage that increases net soil N mineralization and simultaneously maintains a considerable amount of SOC is poorly known. This study investigated the effect of four levels of tillage (15-cm deep by a local made plough) on net soil N mineralization rate (NMR), net nitrification rate (NNR), pools of NO 3 \u2212 -N and NH 4 + -N, and microbial biomass carbon (MB-C), water content of soil (WCS) and soil temperature (ST) in a Dystric fluvisols in the hot humid tropical climate of South Andaman Island of India. We hypothesized that: (1) tillage would increase NMR and reduce amount of SOC. But, these changes would depend on frequency of the tillage, i.e. greater would be the tillage frequency; higher, the NMR and decline in the amount of SOC; (2) low tillage would increase NMR, but reduce SOC nearly equal to short term zero tillage. Tillage levels included: (1) long term zero till (not tilled from 1983 to 2002; then from 2003 to 2006 crops (maize\u2013okra rotation) were sown by dibbling, and weeds were cut and mulched), (2) frequent till (tilled three times before each crop sowing in the crop rotation from 1983 to 2002 and 2003 to 2006 as well; weeds were removed), (3) low till (not tilled from 1983 to 1999; then tilled once before each crop sowing in the crop rotation from 2000 to 2002 and weeds were removed; from 2003 to 2006 tilled like 2000\u20132002, but weeds were uprooted and buried in situ ), and (4) short term zero till (from 1983 to 2002 tillage history was the same as in the low till; from 2003 to 2006 the crops were sown by dibbling in the crop rotation and weeds were cut and mulched in situ ). Maize ( Zea mays L.) was cultivated during wet season (WS, May to October) and okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) during post-wet season (PWS, November to January) in all tillage treatments. Soils were sampled in all tillage treatments (levels) across the WS, PWS and dry (DS, February to April) seasons over two annual cycles (2004\u20132005 and 2005\u20132006) and analyses were done for the parameters investigated. We found that WCS was the highest (44\u201348%) during the WS and the lowest (10\u201316%) during the DS, however, ST was the lowest (25.5\u201326.5\u00a0\u00b0C) during the WS and the highest (30.5\u201333.4\u00a0\u00b0C) during the DS in all tillage treatments. Across the tillage levels, NMR increased from 1.06 to 1.96\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 and NNR from 1.21 to 1.88\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 , and pools of NO 3 \u2212 -N and NH 4 + -N from 3.98 to 11.1\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 and 24.76 to 42.51\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 , respectively. The increase was, however, the highest in the frequent till and the lowest in the long term zero till treatment. The NMR and NNR were the lowest (0.53\u20130.93\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 and 0.49\u20130.86\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 , respectively) during the WS and the highest (1.09\u20131.71\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 and 1.06\u20131.61\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 ) during the PWS in all tillage treatments. The NMR was positively correlated with the MB-C in all tillage treatments. Concurrent with the increase in the NMR, the SOC declined in all tillage treatments, but the decline was the highest in the frequent till and the lowest in the long term zero till treatment. Across the tillage treatments, the MB-C was correlated to the SOC. The SOC in the low till (7.9\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 ) treatment was nearly equal to that in the short term zero till treatment (8.8\u00a0mg\u00a0g \u22121 ), but NMR was higher (0.86\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0g \u22121 \u00a0day \u22121 ) particularly during the WS when plant's demand for N is usually high. Our results supported both the hypotheses, and suggested that low tillage might be a good option for soil fertility maintenance and carbon stock build-up in the soils of the hot humid tropics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jagdish Chander Dagar, Suresh Kumar Chaudhari, C. B. Pandey, Rakesh Singh, G. Singh,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.06.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.06.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-11", "title": "Soil Microbial Biomass And Activity Under Different Agricultural Management Systems In A Semiarid Mediterranean Agroecosystem", "description": "Abstract A field experiment was carried out in a semiarid agricultural Mediterranean area located at the \u201cEl Teularet\u201d experimental field in the Enguera Sierra (Valencia, southeast Spain) to assess the influence of different agricultural management systems on indicators of soil biological quality and activity (microbial biomass C, basal respiration, C mineralization coefficients, metabolic quotient (qCO2), respiratory quotient (RQ: moles CO2 evolved/moles O2 consumed), soluble C and dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, phosphatase and \u03b2-glucosidase activities), one year after treatment establishment. The management practices assayed were as follows: application of the herbicides paraquat, glyphosate or oxyfluorfen, addition of olive tree pruning residues, ploughing, sowing of oats\u00a0+\u00a0addition of crop residues\u00a0+\u00a0ploughing, sowing of Medicago sativa, sowing of oats and vetch\u00a0+\u00a0addition of crop residues and addition of oat straw. A non-treated plot was used as control soil and a plot under natural vegetation was used as a standard of local, high quality soil. The plots with addition of oat straw had higher values of enzymatic activity, microbial biomass and respiration, reaching similar values to soil under native vegetation. The lowest levels of soil biological quality indicators were observed in the plots with application of some type of herbicide. Low RQ values were observed in these plots as consequence of the scarce-null inputs of organic matter, suggesting an increase in organic matter recalcitrance. The addition of oat straw to soil can be considered an effective technology, due to the rapid improvement of soil quality, for carrying out sustainable agriculture in semiarid Mediterranean agroecosystems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-24", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Fluxes In Varying Soils Types Under Conventional And No-Tillage Practices", "description": "Abstract Consideration of the environmental effects of the no-tillage practice should be made on the basis of its effects on both carbon and nitrogen cycles. There is a lack of data on the effects of the no-till management in the cool and humid climate and typical soil types of Northern Europe. We measured the fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) on conventionally ploughed agricultural soils and on respective soils that had been under no-till practice for 5\u20137 years. Ten chamber measurement investigations were carried out during a 10-month period on six pairs of tilled and no-till fields on clayey (Vertic Cambisols, three pairs), coarse (Eutric Regosols, two pairs), and organic (Dystric Histosols, one pair) soils located between latitudes 60\u00b0 and 62\u00b0 N. The results suggest that there is a risk of increased N2O emissions in the first years of no-till practice under small grain spring cereal cultivation in Northern European boreal climate. Carbon dioxide emissions measured as total ecosystem respiration were either unchanged, increased or decreased under no-till. Fluxes of CH4 were negligible and not affected by no-till practice. Dry bulk density and soil moisture were higher in no-till soils compared to annually mouldboard ploughed soils. Variation in the greenhouse gas fluxes was best explained by the content of carbon and nitrogen in the topsoil of 0\u201320\u00a0cm.", "keywords": ["suorakylv\u00f6", "hiilidioksidi", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "methane", "carbon dioxide", "610", "dityppioksidi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "metaani", "ploughing", "soil", "12. Responsible consumption", "kasvihuonekaasut", "kynt\u00f6", "minimum tillage", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-20", "title": "Tillage And Fertilizer Effects On Some Soil Properties, Leaf Nutrient Concentrations, Growth And Sweet Potato Yield On An Alfisol In Southwestern Nigeria", "description": "Abstract Tillage and fertilizer influenced soil characteristics through their effects on soil properties which in turn affect crop performance. Field experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 cropping seasons on an Alfisol (Oxic Tropuldalf) at Owo in the forest-savanna transition zone of Nigeria to evaluate the effect of tillage and fertilizer types on soil properties and sweet potato yield ( Ipomoea batatas L.). Two tillage treatments namely: zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) were combined with each of NPK-15-15-15 fertilizer at 250\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 , poultry manure (PM) at 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , combined application of 125\u00a0kg\u00a0ha \u22121 NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer\u00a0+\u00a05\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 poultry manure and a control (no fertilizer/manure). The experiment was laid out on a randomized complete block design in a factorial combination of eight treatments that were replicated three times. The surface soil (0\u201315\u00a0cm depth) was chemically analysed before and after crop harvest and some selected soil physical properties, leaf nutrient concentrations, growth and sweet potato yield were determined. Conventional tillage plots had significantly lower soil bulk density (1.30\u00a0Mg\u00a0m \u22123 ) than zero tillage plots and resulted in higher leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg and tuber yield of sweet potato compared with zero tillage. Soil water content was higher, whereas temperature was lower, in zero tillage than conventional tillage. Zero tillage had significantly higher concentrations of soil pH, organic C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg for surface soil (0\u201315\u00a0cm depth). Conventional tillage increased mean tuber yield of sweet potato by 30% compared with planting on untilled zero soil. Application of poultry manure alone and complementary application of NPK fertilizer and poultry manure reduced bulk density and temperature and increased soil water content and porosity, whereas NPK fertilizer did not improve soil physical properties. Compared with control, poultry manure alone, NPK fertilizer alone and complementary application of NPK fertilizer and poultry manure increased soil total N, available P, and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg concentrations as well as leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations. Poultry manure tended to improve soil pH, SOC, N, Ca and Mg compared with NPK fertilizer. Combined application of sub-optimal rates of NPK fertilizer and poultry manure gave higher soil and leaf N, P and K concentrations, vine length, vine girth, leaf area and tuber yield compared with NPK fertilizer or poultry manure alone. Compared with control, NPK fertilizer, poultry manure and NPK fertilizer plus poultry manure increased tuber yield by 39, 45 and 83%, respectively. Conventional tillage in combination with NPK fertilizer plus poultry manure gave the highest tuber yield of sweet potato.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T.M. Agbede", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.06.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.06.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.06.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-14", "title": "Soil Carbon Stocks Under No-Tillage Mulch-Based Cropping Systems In The Brazilian Cerrado: An On-Farm Synchronic Assessment", "description": "No-tillage mulch-based (NTM) cropping systems have been widely adopted by farmers in the Brazilian savanna region (Cerrado biome). We hypothesized that this new type of management should have a profound impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) at regional scale and consequently on climate change mitigation. The objective of this study was thus to quantify the SOC storage potential of NTM in the oxisols of the Cerrado using a synchronic approach that is based on a chronosequence of fields of different years under NTM. The study consisted of three phases: (1) a farm/cropping system survey to identify the main types of NTM systems to be chosen for the chronosequence; (2) a field survey to identify a homogeneous set of situations for the chronosequence and (3) the characterization of the chronosequence to assess the SOC storage potential. Themain NTM system practiced by farmers is an annual succession of soybean (Glycine max) or maize (Zea mays) with another cereal crop. This cropping system covers 54% of the total cultivated area in the region. At the regional level, soil organic C concentrations from NTM fields were closely correlated with clay + silt content of the soil (r2 = 0.64). No significant correlation was observed (r2 = 0.07), however, between these two variables when we only considered the fields with a clay + silt content in the 500- 700 g kg_1 range. The final chronosequence of NTM fields was therefore based on a subsample of eight fields, within this textural range. The SOC stocks in the 0-30 cm topsoil layer of these selected fields varied between 4.2 and 6.7 kg C m_2 and increased on average (r2 = 0.97) with 0.19 kg C m_2 year_1. After 12 years of NTM management, SOC stocks were no longer significantly different from the stocks under natural Cerrado vegetation (p < 0.05), whereas a 23-year-old conventionally tilled and cropped field showed SOC stocks that were about 30% below this level. Confirming our hypotheses, this study clearly illustrated the high potential of NTM systems in increasing SOC storage under tropical conditions, and how a synchronic approach may be used to assess efficiently such modification on farmers' fields, identifying and excluding non desirable sources of heterogeneity (management, soils and climate). (Resume d'auteur)", "keywords": ["P33 - Chimie et physique du sol", "2. Zero hunger", "INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE", "Cover crops", "Chronosequence", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "Tropics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "COVER CROPS", "CHRONOSEQUENCE", "15. Life on land", "630", "OXISOLS", "Intensive agriculture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1070", "13. Climate action", "TROPICS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "carbone", "Oxisols", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.07.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.07.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.10.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-11-03", "title": "Characterization Of A Brazilian Clayey Soil Submitted To Conventional And No-Tillage Management Practices Using Pore Size Distribution Analysis", "description": "Abstract In this paper is presented the use of soil water retention curves (SWRC) to investigate modifications in pore size distribution (PSD) of a Rhodic Ferralsol submitted to two different long term management practices: no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Soils from both treatments were investigated in 3 different depths, 0\u201310, 10\u201320, and 20\u201330\u00a0cm and matric potential values that varied from 0 to \u2212780\u00a0kPa. The obtained results showed trimodal PSDs for both treatments, indicating well structured soils. The obtained results suggested that soil under conventional tillage CT and no-tillage NT: (a) first, have modified their structure depending on the treatment they were submitted; (b) second, have their macroporosity reduced to larger depths; and (c) third, have their microporosity largely altered, mainly at the surface, presenting the soil under NT a large microporosity for all investigated depths.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Angelo Kuhn Borkowski, Luiz F. Pires, S\u00e9rgio da Costa Saab, Jadir Aparecido Rosa, F.A.M. C\u00e1ssaro,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.10.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.10.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.10.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.10.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11019/2984", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-02-26", "title": "Harvesting European knowledge on soil functions and land management using multi\u2010criteria decision analysis", "description": "Abstract

Soil and its ecosystem functions play a societal role in securing sustainable food production while safeguarding natural resources. A functional land management framework has been proposed to optimize the agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90environmental outputs from the land and specifically the supply and demand of soil functions such as (a) primary productivity, (b) carbon sequestration, (c) water purification and regulation, (d) biodiversity and (e) nutrient cycling, for which soil knowledge is essential. From the outset, the LANDMARK multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90actor research project integrates harvested knowledge from local, national and European stakeholders to develop such guidelines, creating a sense of ownership, trust and reciprocity of the outcomes. About 470 stakeholders from five European countries participated in 32 structured workshops covering multiple land uses in six climatic zones. The harmonized results include stakeholders\uffe2\uff80\uff99 priorities and concerns, perceptions on soil quality and functions, implementation of tools, management techniques, indicators and monitoring, activities and policies, knowledge gaps and ideas. Multi\uffe2\uff80\uff90criteria decision analysis was used for data analysis. Two qualitative models were developed using Decision EXpert methodology to evaluate \uffe2\uff80\uff9cknowledge\uffe2\uff80\uff9d and \uffe2\uff80\uff9cneeds\uffe2\uff80\uff9d. Soil quality perceptions differed across workshops, depending on the stakeholder level and regionally established terminologies. Stakeholders had good inherent knowledge about soil functioning, but several gaps were identified. In terms of critical requirements, stakeholders defined high technical, activity and policy needs in (a) financial incentives, (b) credible information on improving more sustainable management practices, (c) locally relevant advice, (d) farmers\uffe2\uff80\uff99 discussion groups, (e) training programmes, (f) funding for applied research and monitoring, and (g) strengthening soil science in education.