{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1038/s41598-018-27781-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-15", "title": "Characterization of a community-acquired-MRSA USA300 isolate from a river sample in Austria and whole genome sequence based comparison to a diverse collection of USA300 isolates", "description": "Abstract<p>The increasing emergence of multi-resistant bacteria in healthcare settings, in the community and in the environment represents a major health threat worldwide. In 2016, we started a pilot project to investigate antimicrobial resistance in surface water. Bacteria were enriched, cultivated on selective chromogenic media and species identification was carried out by MALDI-TOF analysis. From a river in southern Austria a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated. Whole genome sequence analysis identified the isolate as ST8, spa type t008, SCCmecIV, PVL and ACME positive, which are main features of CA-MRSA USA300. Whole genome based cgMLST of the water isolate and comparison to 18 clinical MRSA USA300 isolates from the Austrian national reference laboratory for coagulase positive staphylococci originating from 2004, 2005 and 2016 and sequences of 146 USA300 isolates arbitrarily retrieved from the Sequence Read Archive revealed a close relatedness to a clinical isolate from Austria. The presence of a CA-MRSA USA300 isolate in an aquatic environment might pose a public health risk by serving as a potential source of infection or a source for emergence of new pathogenic MRSA clones.</p>", "keywords": ["Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus", "0301 basic medicine", "METHICILLIN-RESISTANT", "GENES", "TRANSMISSION", "Article", "Applied microbiology", "EMERGENCE", "03 medical and health sciences", "106005 Bioinformatik", "SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being", "Rivers", "Sequence Homology", " Nucleic Acid", "Infectious-disease epidemiology", "ENVIRONMENT", "0303 health sciences", "ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE", "RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS", "ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE", "EVOLUTION", "3. 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Research and development of antimicrobial materials for food applications have provided active antibacterial packaging technologies that are able to meet these challenges. Furthermore, consumers expect and demand sustainable packaging materials that would reduce environmental problems associated with plastic waste. In this review, we discuss antimicrobial composite materials for active food packaging applications that combine highly efficient antibacterial nanoparticles (i.e., metal, metal oxide, mesoporous silica and graphene\uffe2\uff80\uff90based nanomaterials) with biodegradable and environmentally friendly green polymers (i.e., gelatin, alginate, cellulose, and chitosan) obtained from plants, bacteria, and animals. In addition, innovative syntheses and processing techniques used to obtain active and safe packaging are showcased. Implementation of such green active packaging can significantly reduce the risk of foodborne pathogen outbreaks, improve food safety and quality, and minimize product losses, while reducing waste and maintaining sustainability.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Polymers", "PFAS", "polyvinil alcohol", "EFSA", "MRSA", "02 engineering and technology", "multiwalled carbon nanotubes NP", "European Food Safety Agency", "perfluoroalkyl substances PGA", "food industry", " food safety", " agriculture", "cinnamon essential oil CNT", "reduced graphene oxide ROS", "biodegradable natural polymers", "Anti-Infective Agents", "polybutylene succinate", "biodegradable natural polymers CEO", "ultraviolet", "poly(glycolic acid) PHB", "generally recognized as safe MSN", "methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MWCNTs", "PBS", "perfluoroalkyl substances", "CEO", "reactive oxygen species", "2. 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For example, they provide new ideas for efficient feature selection. This paper attempts to demonstrate how to apply regression-based methods to accurately predict in-hospital mortality of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) patients. Logistic regression is used to predict the in-hospital death. It is found that admission age, residency, solid tumor, hemic malignancy, COAD, Dementia, PLT, Lymphocyte, Urea, and ALP are the significant prognostic factors (P&#60;0.1) for in-hospital survival. Using cross validation and random splitting and the prediction accuracy is around 85%. The future research direction is to strengthen the robustness of the predictive model. Possible direction is to make use of other data mining \u201cblackbox\u201d methods, such as k-NN and SVM. 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Research and development of antimicrobial materials for food applications have provided active antibacterial packaging technologies that are able to meet these challenges. Furthermore, consumers expect and demand sustainable packaging materials that would reduce environmental problems associated with plastic waste. In this review, we discuss antimicrobial composite materials for active food packaging applications that combine highly efficient antibacterial nanoparticles (i.e., metal, metal oxide, mesoporous silica and graphene\uffe2\uff80\uff90based nanomaterials) with biodegradable and environmentally friendly green polymers (i.e., gelatin, alginate, cellulose, and chitosan) obtained from plants, bacteria, and animals. In addition, innovative syntheses and processing techniques used to obtain active and safe packaging are showcased. Implementation of such green active packaging can significantly reduce the risk of foodborne pathogen outbreaks, improve food safety and quality, and minimize product losses, while reducing waste and maintaining sustainability.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Polymers", "PFAS", "polyvinil alcohol", "MRSA", "EFSA", "02 engineering and technology", "multiwalled carbon nanotubes NP", "European Food Safety Agency", "perfluoroalkyl substances PGA", "food industry", " food safety", " agriculture", "cinnamon essential oil CNT", "biodegradable natural polymers", "reduced graphene oxide ROS", "Anti-Infective Agents", "polybutylene succinate", "biodegradable natural polymers CEO", "ultraviolet", "poly(glycolic acid) PHB", "methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MWCNTs", "generally recognized as safe MSN", "PBS", "perfluoroalkyl substances", "reactive oxygen species", "CEO", "2. 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Research and development of antimicrobial materials for food applications have provided active antibacterial packaging technologies that are able to meet these challenges. Furthermore, consumers expect and demand sustainable packaging materials that would reduce environmental problems associated with plastic waste. In this review, we discuss antimicrobial composite materials for active food packaging applications that combine highly efficient antibacterial nanoparticles (i.e., metal, metal oxide, mesoporous silica and graphene\uffe2\uff80\uff90based nanomaterials) with biodegradable and environmentally friendly green polymers (i.e., gelatin, alginate, cellulose, and chitosan) obtained from plants, bacteria, and animals. In addition, innovative syntheses and processing techniques used to obtain active and safe packaging are showcased. 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