1. The aim was to assess the extent to which the microbial biomass and activity, and community structure of fertilized upland grasslands are directly related to changes in soil N availability or indirectly related to individual plant species effects caused by changes in plant species composition and dominance. We investigated the short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term interactive effects of dominant plant species (Lolium perenne, Agrostis capillaris, Holcus lanatus and Festuca rubra) and nitrogen (N) amendment using an N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited upland grassland soil.
2. In soils planted with different grass species, soil microbial biomass, and to some extent microbial activity, were determined by temporal changes in plant productivity. Variations in the way that individual plants influenced soil microbial biomass and activity were highly inconsistent over time, and largely independent of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90additions and differences in plant productivity. At the final sample date, those grass species which co\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominate the total plant biomass of intermediate fertility (H. lanatus) and semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90improved grasslands (A. capillaris and F. rubra) had a beneficial effect on the soil microbial biomass. In contrast, the dominant plant species of improved grasslands, L. perenne, had zero or a negative effect on soil microbial biomass. Two plant species (A. capillaris and H. lanatus) increased the proportion of fungi relative to bacteria in the soil microbial community, relative to the unplanted control soil and the other plant species. Lolium perenne and A. capillaris reduced the evenness of microbial PLFAs, suggesting negative effects of these plant species on the diversity of the soil microbial community.
3. The addition of N had no consistent effect on measures of soil microbial biomass or activity, but significantly altered the structure of the microbial community in favour of fungi. The lack of effects of N\uffe2\uff80\uff90addition on microbial biomass and activity were despite the finding that nitrogen addition reduced root biomass in all plant species and increased rhizosphere acidity.
4. The results suggest that in the short term, the abundance and activity of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms in upland grasslands are regulated more by plant species traits than by a direct effect of nitrogen. These effects are likely to be related to variations amongst plant species in root exudation patterns and/or efficiency of nutrient aquisition.
5. Our study provides evidence that the functional characteristics of dominant plant species are important determinants of soil biological properties, and hence ecosystem functioning in temperate upland grasslands.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "Microcosm", "Nitrogen", "Soil microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "microcosm", "Upland", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "upland", "Grasslands", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00362.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00362.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00362.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00362.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:plso.0000047767.62179.25", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:17:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-11-11", "title": "Legume Rotation Effects On Early Growth And Rhizosphere Microbiology Of Sorghum In West African Soils", "description": "Cereal yield increases in legume rotations on west African soils were the subject of much recent research aiming at the development of more productive cropping systems for the mainly subsistence-oriented agriculture in this region. However, little has been done to elucidate the possible contribution of soil microbiological factors to these rotation effects. Therefore a pot trial was conducted using legume rotation and continuous cereal soils each from one site in Burkina Faso and two sites in Togo where cropping system experiments had been conducted over 4 yrs. All soils were planted with seedlings of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). From 21 days after sowing onwards relative growth rates in rotation soils were higher than in the continuous cereal soils, resulting in between 69 and 500% higher shoot dry matter of rotation sorghum compared to sorghum growing in continuous cereal soils. Across sites rotation soils were characterized by higher pH, higher microbial N and a lower microbial biomass C/N ratio and, with the exception of one site, a higher fungal biomass in the rhizosphere. The bacterial and eukaryal community structure in the soil, assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), differed between sites. However, only at one site differed the bacterial and the eukaryal community structure in the rotation soil significantly from that in the continuous cereal soil. Although the results of this study confirmed the marked plant-growth differences between sub-Saharan legume-rotation soils and their continuous cereal counterparts they also showed the difficulties to differentiate possible microbiological causes from their effects.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "microbial community structure", "nematodes", "500", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "AM fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "DGGE", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:plso.0000047767.62179.25"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:plso.0000047767.62179.25", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:plso.0000047767.62179.25", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:plso.0000047767.62179.25"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/ngeo844", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:17:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-04-25", "title": "Reduction of forest soil respiration in response to nitrogen deposition", "description": "The use of fossil fuels and fertilizers has increased the amount of biologically reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere over the past century. As a consequence, forests in industrialized regions have experienced greater rates of nitrogen deposition in recent decades. This unintended fertilization has stimulated forest growth, but has also affected soil microbial activity, and thus the recycling of soil carbon and nutrients. A meta-analysis suggests that nitrogen deposition impedes organic matter decomposition, and thus stimulates carbon sequestration, in temperate forest soils where nitrogen is not limiting microbial growth. The concomitant reduction in soil carbon emissions is substantial, and equivalent in magnitude to the amount of carbon taken up by trees owing to nitrogen fertilization. As atmospheric nitrogen levels continue to rise, increased nitrogen deposition could spread to older, more weathered soils, as found in the tropics; however, soil carbon cycling in tropical forests cannot yet be assessed", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "EUROPEAN FORESTS", "NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS", "ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "LITTER DECOMPOSITION", "BOREAL FOREST", "TEMPERATE FOREST", "Soils Nitrogen content", "CARBON SEQUESTRATION", "13. Climate action", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil aeration Environmental aspects", "HUMIC SUBSTANCES", "Forest ecology", "ATMOSPHERIC NITRATE DEPOSITION"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo844"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Geoscience", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/ngeo844", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/ngeo844", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/ngeo844"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Litter Quality And Decomposition In Danthonia Richardsonii Swards In Response To Co2 And Nitrogen Supply Over Four Years Of Growth", "description": "SummaryLitter quality parameters of Danthonia richardsonii grown under CO2 concentrations of \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83359 & \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83719\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL L\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1 at three mineral N supply rates (2.2, 6.7 & 19.8\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a2\uffe2\uff80\uff83y\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1) were determined. C:N ratio was increased in senesced leaf (enhancement ratios, Re/c, of 1.25\uffe2\uff80\uff931.67), surface litter (1.34\uffe2\uff80\uff931.64) and root (1.13\uffe2\uff80\uff931.30) by CO2 enrichment. After 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of growth, nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations were reduced in senesced leaf lamina (avg. Re/c=\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff830.84) but not in root in response to CO2 enrichment. Cellulose concentrations increased slightly in senesced leaf (avg. Re/c=\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff831.07) but not in root in response to CO2 enrichment. Lignin and polyphenolic concentrations in senesced leaf and root were not changed by CO2 enrichment. Decomposition, measured as cumulative respiration in standard conditions in vitro, was reduced in leaf litter grown under CO2 enrichment. Root decomposition in vitro was lower in the material produced under CO2 enrichment at the two higher rates of mineral N supply. Significant correlations between decomposition of leaf litter and initial %N, C:N ratio and lignin:N ratio were found. Decomposition in vivo, measured as carbon disappearance from the surface litter was not affected by CO2 concentration. Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection was not changed by CO2 enrichment. Microbial carbon was higher under CO2 enrichment at the two higher rates of mineral N supply. Possible reasons for the lack of effect of changes in litter quality on in\uffe2\uff80\uff90sward decomposition rates are discussed.
", "keywords": ["decomposition", "grass", "Arbuscular mycorrhizae", "Microbial biomass", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "microcosm", "C3 plant", "litter", "Danthonia", "biochemical composition", "Long-term experiment", "Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhiza", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nutrient availability", "Danthonia richardsonii C:N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jason L. Lutze, Jason L. Lutze, Roger M. Gifford, Helen N. Adams,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-07-26", "title": "The Impact Of Sheep Grazing On Net Nitrogen Mineralization Rate In Two Temperate Salt Marshes", "description": "Abstract: Nitrogen mineralization rate was studied in grazing trials with three different stocking rates (0, 3, 10 sheep ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901) in two man\uffe2\uff80\uff90made salt marshes, viz. a Puccinellia maritima\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated low salt marsh and a high salt marsh dominated by Festuca rubra. Mineralization rates were derived from the amounts of mineral N which accumulated in situ during six\uffe2\uff80\uff90week incubation periods in tubes containing undisturbed soil cores from the upper 10 cm soil layer. The annual rates of net N mineralization were significantly higher in the better drained, high salt marsh (71 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 81 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901) than in the low salt marsh (39 \uffe2\uff80\uff90 49 kg ha\uffe2\uff80\uff901 yr\uffe2\uff80\uff901). High amounts of belowground litter accumulated in the low salt marsh due to frequent water logging. Both N mineralization and nitrification rate were negatively correlated with soil water content. In the Puccinellia maritima salt marsh, grazing had neither an effect on N mineralization rates during any of the incubation periods nor on annual mineralization rates. In the Festuca rubra salt marsh, N mineralization rates increased earlier during spring at the intensively grazed site than at the moderately grazed and the ungrazed site. N mineralization and nitrification rates were significantly higher at the ungrazed site than at the intensively grazed site during the period of peak net N mineralization from the end of April until mid\uffe2\uff80\uff90June. Although sheep grazing affected the seasonal pattern of N mineralization in the high marsh, grazing did not affect the annual rate of net N mineralization.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "LIMITATION", "seasonality", "SUCCESSION", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "15. Life on land", "grazing experiment", "01 natural sciences", "nitrification", "salt marsh", "zonation", "PSEUDOREPLICATION", "vegetation", "PLANT-GROWTH", "HERBIVORES", "ECOSYSTEM", "VEGETATION", "nitrogen mineralization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "name": "item", "description": "10.1055/s-2001-17730", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1055/s-2001-17730"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr07021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-09-19", "title": "Burning Crop Residues Under No-Till In Semi-Arid Land, Northern Spain\u2014Effects On Soil Organic Matter, Aggregation, And Earthworm Populations", "description": "Stubble burning has traditionally been used in semi-arid land for pest and weed control, and to remove the excess of crop residues before seeding in no-tillage systems. We compared differences in soil properties in a long-term (10 years) tillage trial on a carbonated soil in semi-arid north-east Spain under no-tillage with stubble returned and stubble burnt, with the conventional tillage system (mouldboard plough, stubble returned) as a reference. Differences in total soil organic C and C in particulate organic matter, mineralisation potential, soil physical properties (bulk density, penetration resistance, and aggregate size distribution and stability), and earthworm populations were quantified. The effect of stubble burning was absent or insignificant compared with that of tillage in most of the parameters studied. The most significant effect of stubble burning was the change in soil organic matter quality in the topsoil and penetration resistance. No-till plus stubble burning stocked an amount of organic C in the soil similar to no-till without burning, but the particulate organic matter content and mineralisation potential were smaller. Earthworm activity was similar under the 2 no-till systems, although a trend towards bigger earthworms with increasing penetration resistance was observed under the system with burning. Our results indicate that the role of burnt plant residues and earthworms in organic matter accumulation and soil aggregation in Mediterranean carbonated soils under no tillage is of major importance, meriting further attention and research.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "long-term", "microbial biomass", "carbon", "australia", "stubble management", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "eastern victoria", "conservation tillage", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agricultural soils"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr07021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr07021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr07021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr07021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01549.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-11", "title": "Microbial Activity And Soil Respiration Under Nitrogen Addition In Alaskan Boreal Forest", "description": "AbstractClimate warming could increase rates of soil organic matter turnover and nutrient mineralization, particularly in northern high\uffe2\uff80\uff90latitude ecosystems. However, the effects of increasing nutrient availability on microbial processes in these ecosystems are poorly understood. To determine how soil microbes respond to nutrient enrichment, we measured microbial biomass, extracellular enzyme activities, soil respiration, and the community composition of active fungi in nitrogen (N) fertilized soils of a boreal forest in central Alaska. We predicted that N addition would suppress fungal activity relative to bacteria, but stimulate carbon (C)\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading enzyme activities and soil respiration. Instead, we found no evidence for a suppression of fungal activity, although fungal sporocarp production declined significantly, and the relative abundance of two fungal taxa changed dramatically with N fertilization. Microbial biomass as measured by chloroform fumigation did not respond to fertilization, nor did the ratio of fungi\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83bacteria as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. However, microbial biomass C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratios narrowed significantly from 16.0 \uffc2\uffb1 1.4 to 5.2 \uffc2\uffb1 0.3 with fertilization. N fertilization significantly increased the activity of a cellulose\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading enzyme and suppressed the activities of protein\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and chitin\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading enzymes but had no effect on soil respiration rates or 14C signatures. These results indicate that N fertilization alters microbial community composition and allocation to extracellular enzyme production without affecting soil respiration. Thus, our results do not provide evidence for strong microbial feedbacks to the boreal C cycle under climate warming or N addition. However, organic N cycling may decline due to a reduction in the activity of enzymes that target nitrogenous compounds.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "nucleotide analog", "Ecology", "microbial biomass", "ectomycorrhizal fungi", "extracellular enzyme", "nitrogen fertilization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Biological Sciences", "soil respiration", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Earth sciences", "13. Climate action", "carbon cycle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "boreal forest", "bacteria", "Alaska", "Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5dg6p7gm/qt5dg6p7gm.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01549.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01549.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01549.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01549.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-21", "title": "Plant-soil interactions in response to grazing intensity in a semi-arid ecosystem from NE Spain", "description": "Livestock grazing is an important element in ecosystem regulation since it may affect essential ecosystem functions, such as nutrient acquisition, organic matter decomposition, or litter accumulation in the soil. Overgrazing can threaten the conservation of ecosystems through excessive defoliation of plants or trampling. On the contrary, moderate grazing can have benefits on ecosystem dynamics by favoring nutrient cycling or the soil microbial activity. The aim of this study was to analyze these effects in a semi-arid Mediterranean shrubland located in NE Spain. We established six study sites including three grazing intensities, where we sampled vegetation biomass and soil properties: nitrogen content, microbial biomass, water infiltration capacity, porosity, and gypsum content. These parameters were included in a plant-soil interaction model tested through Structural Equation Modeling. Grazing had a direct negative effect on plant biomass (p < 0.01) and water infiltration capacity (p < 0.05) affecting soil nitrogen content (p < 0.001) and microbial biomass (p < 0.5), respectively. Infiltration capacity and porosity were primary drivers of plant biomass (p < 0.05, both cases), and plant biomass was the main contributor to the soil nitrogen pool. Microbial biomass was dependent on infiltration capacity (p < 0.05), porosity (p < 0.01), and nitrogen (p < 0.01). Grazing directly or indirectly affected the functioning of the ecosystem through effects on plant and soil attributes, which may result in changes in plant growth, litter decomposition, or plant nutrient acquisition. This study revealed that moderate grazing can maintain optimal ecosystem features and prevent ecosystem degradation.", "keywords": ["plant-soil feedbacks", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant biomass", "porosity", "microbial biomass", "Plant-soil feedbacks", "soil fertility", "Microbial biomass", "Infiltration", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "Protect", " restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems", " sustainably manage forests", " combat\u00a0desertification", " and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss", "rangelands", "13. Climate action", "Rangelands", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Porosity", "plant biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Arid%20Land%20Research%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/15324982.2022.2119901"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-20", "title": "Net Carbon Storage In A Poplar Plantation (Popface) After Three Years Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment", "description": "A high-density plantation of three genotypes of Populus was exposed to an elevated concentration of carbon dioxide ([CO(2)]; 550 micromol mol(-1)) from planting through canopy closure using a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) technique. The FACE treatment stimulated gross primary productivity by 22 and 11% in the second and third years, respectively. Partitioning of extra carbon (C) among C pools of different turnover rates is of critical interest; thus, we calculated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) to determine whether elevated atmospheric [CO(2)] will enhance net plantation C storage capacity. Free-air CO(2) enrichment increased net primary productivity (NPP) of all genotypes by 21% in the second year and by 26% in the third year, mainly because of an increase in the size of C pools with relatively slow turnover rates (i.e., wood). In all genotypes in the FACE treatment, more new soil C was added to the total soil C pool compared with the control treatment. However, more old soil C loss was observed in the FACE treatment compared with the control treatment, possibly due to a priming effect from newly incorporated root litter. FACE did not significantly increase NEP, probably as a result of this priming effect.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "microbial biomass", "turnover", "dynamics", "populus", "temperature response functions", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Plant Roots", "01 natural sciences", "Trees", "dioxide enrichment", "forest", "Soil", "Populus", "limited photosynthesis", "soil organic-matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Biomass", "elevated atmospheric co2"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Tree%20Physiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "name": "item", "description": "10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1093/treephys/25.11.1399"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-14", "title": "Grazing intensity significantly affects belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling in grassland ecosystems: a meta-analysis", "description": "AbstractLivestock grazing activities potentially alter ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in grassland ecosystems. Despite the fact that numerous individual studies and a few meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analyses had been conducted, how grazing, especially its intensity, affects belowground C and N cycling in grasslands remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 115 published studies to examine the responses of 19 variables associated with belowground C and N cycling to livestock grazing in global grasslands. Our results showed that, on average, grazing significantly decreased belowground C and N pools in grassland ecosystems, with the largest decreases in microbial biomass C and N (21.62% and 24.40%, respectively). In contrast, belowground fluxes, including soil respiration, soil net N mineralization and soil N nitrification increased by 4.25%, 34.67% and 25.87%, respectively, in grazed grasslands compared to ungrazed ones. More importantly, grazing intensity significantly affected the magnitude (even direction) of changes in the majority of the assessed belowground C and N pools and fluxes, and C\uffc2\uffa0:\uffc2\uffa0N ratio as well as soil moisture. Specifically,light grazing contributed to soil C and N sequestration whereas moderate and heavy grazing significantly increased C and N losses. In addition, soil depth, livestock type and climatic conditions influenced the responses of selected variables to livestock grazing to some degree. Our findings highlight the importance of the effects of grazing intensity on belowground C and N cycling, which may need to be incorporated into regional and global models for predicting effects of human disturbance on global grasslands and assessing the climate\uffe2\uff80\uff90biosphere feedbacks.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Mineralization", "Livestock", "Nitrogen", "Soil microbial biomass", "Poaceae", "333", "Carbon Cycle", "Soil", "Animals", "mineralization", "Herbivory", "FoR 06 (Biological Sciences)", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "Ecology", "050205 Environmental Management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Cycle", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "Grassland", "soil microbial biomass", "Carbon", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "Heavy grazing", "13. Climate action", "heavy grazing", "CO2 emission", "Biodiversity Conservation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FoR 05 (Environmental Sciences)", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13431"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcb.13431", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcb.13431"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcb.15218", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-12", "title": "Long\u2010term nitrogen loading alleviates phosphorus limitation in terrestrial ecosystems", "description": "AbstractIncreased human\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived nitrogen (N) deposition to terrestrial ecosystems has resulted in widespread phosphorus (P) limitation of net primary productivity. However, it remains unclear if and how N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced P limitation varies over time. Soil extracellular phosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of P from soil organic matter, an important adaptive mechanism for ecosystems to cope with N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced P limitation. Here we show, using a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 140 studies and 668 observations worldwide, that N stimulation of soil phosphatase activity diminishes over time. Whereas short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term N loading (\uffe2\uff89\uffa45\uffc2\uffa0years) significantly increased soil phosphatase activity by 28%, long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term N loading had no significant effect. Nitrogen loading did not affect soil available P and total P content in either short\uffe2\uff80\uff90 or long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term studies. Together, these results suggest that N\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced P limitation in ecosystems is alleviated in the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term through the initial stimulation of soil phosphatase activity, thereby securing P supply to support plant growth. Our results suggest that increases in terrestrial carbon uptake due to ongoing anthropogenic N loading may be greater than previously thought.Elevated atmospheric CO2 may alter decomposition rates through changes in plant material quality and through its impact on soil microbial activity. This study examines whether plant material produced under elevated CO2 decomposes differently from plant material produced under ambient CO2. Moreover, a long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiment offered a unique opportunity to evaluate assumptions about C cycling under elevated CO2 made in coupled climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil organic matter (SOM) models. Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne plant materials, produced under elevated (60\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa) and ambient CO2 at two levels of N fertilizer (140 vs. 560\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), were incubated in soil for 90 days. Soils and plant materials used for the incubation had been exposed to ambient and elevated CO2 under free air carbon dioxide enrichment conditions and had received the N fertilizer for 9 years. The rate of decomposition of L. perenne and T. repens plant materials was unaffected by elevated atmospheric CO2 and rate of N fertilization. Increases in L. perenne plant material C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio under elevated CO2 did not affect decomposition rates of the plant material. If under prolonged elevated CO2 changes in soil microbial dynamics had occurred, they were not reflected in the rate of decomposition of the plant material. Only soil respiration under L. perenne, with or without incorporation of plant material, from the low\uffe2\uff80\uff90N fertilization treatment was enhanced after exposure to elevated CO2. This increase in soil respiration was not reflected in an increase in the microbial biomass of the L. perenne soil. The contribution of old and newly sequestered C to soil respiration, as revealed by the 13C\uffe2\uff80\uff90CO2 signature, reflected the turnover times of SOM\uffe2\uff80\uff93C pools as described by multipool SOM models. The results do not confirm the assumption of a negative feedback induced in the C cycle following an increase in CO2, as used in coupled climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93SOM models. Moreover, this study showed no evidence for a positive feedback in the C cycle following additional N fertilization.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "organic-matter dynamics", "atmospheric co2", "leaf-litter", "global climate-change", "fumigation-extraction", "microbial biomass-c", "litter decomposition", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "dioxide", "13. Climate action", "drying-rewetting frequency", "great-plains", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00862.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00862.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00862.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00862.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/geb.13371", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-08-18", "title": "Large-scale drivers of relationships between soil microbial properties and organic carbon across Europe", "description": "AbstractAimQuantify direct and indirect relationships between soil microbial community properties (potential basal respiration, microbial biomass) and abiotic factors (soil, climate) in three major land\uffe2\uff80\uff90cover types.
LocationEurope.
Time period2018.
Major taxa studiedMicrobial community (fungi and bacteria).
MethodsWe collected 881 soil samples from across Europe in the framework of the Land Use/Land Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS). We measured potential soil basal respiration at 20\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffbaC and microbial biomass (substrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced respiration) using an O2\uffe2\uff80\uff90microcompensation apparatus. Soil and climate data were obtained from the same LUCAS survey and online databases. Structural equation models (SEMs) were used to quantify relationships between variables, and equations extracted from SEMs were used to create predictive maps. Fatty acid methyl esters were measured in a subset of samples to distinguish fungal from bacterial biomass.
ResultsSoil microbial properties in croplands were more heavily affected by climate variables than those in forests. Potential soil basal respiration and microbial biomass were correlated in forests but decoupled in grasslands and croplands, where microbial biomass depended on soil carbon. Forests had a higher ratio of fungi to bacteria than grasslands or croplands.
Main conclusionsSoil microbial communities in grasslands and croplands are likely carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff90limited in comparison with those in forests, and forests have a higher dominance of fungi indicating differences in microbial community composition. Notably, the often already\uffe2\uff80\uff90degraded soils of croplands could be more vulnerable to climate change than more natural soils. The provided maps show potentially vulnerable areas that should be explicitly accounted for in future management plans to protect soil carbon and slow the increasing vulnerability of European soils to climate change.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "Land cover", "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts", "Soil microbial biomass", "soil microbial respiration", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "structural equation modelling", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "croplands", "soil microbial biomass", "Europe", "climate change", "land cover", "Structural equation modelling", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13", "Croplands", "soil carbon", "Soil microbial respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geb.13371"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13371"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Ecology%20and%20Biogeography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/geb.13371", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/geb.13371", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/geb.13371"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/gcbb.12401", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-03", "title": "Investigating The Biochar Effects On C-Mineralization And Sequestration Of Carbon In Soil Compared With Conventional Amendments Using The Stable Isotope (Delta C-13) Approach", "description": "AbstractBiomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived black carbon (biochar) is considered to be an effective tool to mitigate global warming by long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term C\uffe2\uff80\uff90sequestration in soil and to influence C\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineralization via priming effects. However, the underlying mechanism of biochar (BC) priming relative to conventional biowaste (BW) amendments remains uncertain. Here, we used a stable carbon isotope (\uffce\uffb413C) approach to estimate the possible biochar effects on native soil C\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineralization compared with various BW additions and potential carbon sequestration. The results show that immediately after application, BC suppresses and then increases C\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineralization, causing a loss of 0.14\uffe2\uff80\uff937.17\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffe2\uff80\uff90CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff90C compared to the control (0.24\uffe2\uff80\uff931.86\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffe2\uff80\uff90CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff90C) over 1\uffe2\uff80\uff93120\uffc2\uffa0days. Negative priming was observed for BC compared to various BW amendments (\uffe2\uff88\uff9210.22 to \uffe2\uff88\uff9223.56\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffe2\uff80\uff90CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90C); however, it was trivially positive relative to that of the control (8.64\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffe2\uff80\uff90CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90C). Furthermore, according to the residual carbon and \uffce\uffb413C signature of postexperimental soil carbon, BC\uffe2\uff80\uff90C significantly increased (P\uffc2\uffa0<\uffc2\uffa00.05) the soil carbon stock by carbon sequestration in soil compared with various biowaste amendments. The results of cumulative CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff93C emissions, relative priming effects, and carbon storage indicate that BC reduces C\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineralization, resulting in greater C\uffe2\uff80\uff90sequestration compared with other BW amendments, and the magnitude of this effect initially increases and then decreases and stabilizes over time, possibly due to the presence of recalcitrant\uffe2\uff80\uff90C (4.92\uffc2\uffa0mg\uffe2\uff80\uff90C\uffc2\uffa0g\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff90soil) in BC, the reduced microbial activity, and the sorption of labile organic carbon (OC) onto BC particles.
", "keywords": ["Technology", "Energy & Fuels", "550", "SEA-LEVEL RISE", "PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE", "WORLD", "DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON", "ATMOSPHERIC CO2", "EMISSIONS", "Science & Technology", "MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "Agriculture", "Biowaste", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Priming Effects", "Carbon Mineralization", "Agronomy", "Carbon Stable Isotope", "Biochar", "Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology", "POOLS", "13. Climate action", "SHORT-TERM", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine", "MATTER", "C-sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12401"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/gcbb.12401", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/gcbb.12401", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/gcbb.12401"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-29T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16333.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:18:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-21", "title": "Earthworms Counterbalance The Negative Effect Of Microorganisms On Plant Diversity And Enhance The Tolerance Of Grasses To Nematodes", "description": "Plant community composition is affected by a wide array of soil organisms with diverse feeding modes and functions. Former studies dealt with the high diversity and complexity of soil communities by focusing on particular functional groups in isolation, by grouping soil organisms into body size classes or by using whole communities from different origins. Our approach was to investigate both the individual and the interaction effects of highly abundant soil organisms (microorganisms, nematodes and earthworms) to evaluate their impacts on grassland plant communities. Earthworms increased total plant community biomass by stimulating root growth. Nematodes reduced the biomass of grasses, but this effect was alleviated by the presence of earthworms. Non\uffe2\uff80\uff90leguminous forb biomass increased in the presence of nematodes, probably due to an alleviation of the competitive strength of grasses by nematodes. Microorganisms reduced the diversity and evenness of the plant community, but only in the absence of earthworms. Legume biomass was not affected by soil organisms, butLotus corniculatusflowered earlier in the presence of microorganisms and the number of flowers decreased in the presence of nematodes. The results indicate that earthworms have a profound impact on the structure of grassland plant communities by counterbalancing the negative effects of plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90feeding nematodes on grasses and by conserving the evenness of the plant community. We propose that interacting effects of functionally dissimilar soil organisms on plant community performance have to be taken into account in future studies, since individual effects of soil organism groups may cancel out each other in functionally diverse soil communities.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "productivity", "microbial biomass", "ground insect herbivory", "early succession", "15. Life on land", "determinant", "01 natural sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "lumbricidae", "soil food-web", "community structure", "grassland", "performance"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16333.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oikos", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16333.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16333.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16333.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-26", "title": "Interactions between plant growth and soil nutrient cycling under elevated CO2: a meta-analysis", "description": "Abstractfree air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) and open top chamber (OTC) studies are valuable tools for evaluating the impact of elevated atmospheric CO2 on nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Using meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analytic techniques, we summarized the results of 117 studies on plant biomass production, soil organic matter dynamics and biological N2 fixation in FACE and OTC experiments. The objective of the analysis was to determine whether elevated CO2 alters nutrient cycling between plants and soil and if so, what the implications are for soil carbon (C) sequestration. Elevated CO2 stimulated gross N immobilization by 22%, whereas gross and net N mineralization rates remained unaffected. In addition, the soil C\uffe2\uff80\uff83:\uffe2\uff80\uff83N ratio and microbial N contents increased under elevated CO2 by 3.8% and 5.8%, respectively. Microbial C contents and soil respiration increased by 7.1% and 17.7%, respectively. Despite the stimulation of microbial activity, soil C input still caused soil C contents to increase by 1.2%\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Namely, elevated CO2 stimulated overall above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant biomass by 21.5% and 28.3%, respectively, thereby outweighing the increase in CO2 respiration. In addition, when comparing experiments under both low and high N availability, soil C contents (+2.2%\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant growth (+20.1% and+33.7%) only increased under elevated CO2 in experiments receiving the high N treatments. Under low N availability, above\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and belowground plant growth increased by only 8.8% and 14.6%, and soil C contents did not increase. Nitrogen fixation was stimulated by elevated CO2 only when additional nutrients were supplied. These results suggest that the main driver of soil C sequestration is soil C input through plant growth, which is strongly controlled by nutrient availability. In unfertilized ecosystems, microbial N immobilization enhances acclimation of plant growth to elevated CO2 in the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term. Therefore, increased soil C input and soil C sequestration under elevated CO2 can only be sustained in the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term when additional nutrients are supplied.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "enrichment", "microbial biomass", "atmospheric carbon-dioxide", "nitrogen-fixation", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "forest", "tallgrass prairie", "13. Climate action", "responses", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic-matter", "respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-01-19", "title": "Plant Species Richness, Elevated Co2, And Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition Alter Soil Microbial Community Composition And Function", "description": "AbstractWe determined soil microbial community composition and function in a field experiment in which plant communities of increasing species richness were exposed to factorial elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition treatments. Because elevated CO2 and N deposition increased plant productivity to a greater extent in more diverse plant assemblages, it is plausible that heterotrophic microbial communities would experience greater substrate availability, potentially increasing microbial activity, and accelerating soil carbon (C) and N cycling. We, therefore, hypothesized that the response of microbial communities to elevated CO2 and N deposition is contingent on the species richness of plant communities. Microbial community composition was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and function was measured using the activity of key extracellular enzymes involved in litter decomposition. Higher plant species richness, as a main effect, fostered greater microbial biomass, cellulolytic and chitinolytic capacity, as well as the abundance of saprophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Moreover, the effect of plant species richness on microbial communities was significantly modified by elevated CO2 and N deposition. For instance, microbial biomass and fungal abundance increased with greater species richness, but only under combinations of elevated CO2 and ambient N, or ambient CO2 and N deposition. Cellobiohydrolase activity increased with higher plant species richness, and this trend was amplified by elevated CO2. In most cases, the effect of plant species richness remained significant even after accounting for the influence of plant biomass. Taken together, our results demonstrate that plant species richness can directly regulate microbial activity and community composition, and that plant species richness is a significant determinant of microbial response to elevated CO2 and N deposition. The strong positive effect of plant species richness on cellulolytic capacity and microbial biomass indicate that the rates of soil C cycling may decline with decreasing plant species richness.
", "keywords": ["Extracellular Enzymes", "Complementary Resource Use", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Grassland Ecosystem", "Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA)", "Global Change", "14. Life underwater", "complimentary resource use", "global change", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Plant Diversity", "microbial biomass", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "grasslands", "Soil Fungi", "extracellular enzymes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Microbial Biomass", "Soil C Cycling", "plant diversity", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "FACE (Free-air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01313.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00965.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-12", "title": "Resource Availability Controls Fungal Diversity Across A Plant Diversity Gradient", "description": "AbstractDespite decades of research, the ecological determinants of microbial diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we test two alternative hypotheses concerning the factors regulating fungal diversity in soil. The first states that higher levels of plant detritus production increase the supply of limiting resources (i.e. organic substrates) thereby increasing fungal diversity. Alternatively, greater plant diversity increases the range of organic substrates entering soil, thereby increasing the number of niches to be filled by a greater array of heterotrophic fungi. These two hypotheses were simultaneously examined in experimental plant communities consisting of one to 16 species that have been maintained for a decade. We used ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA), in combination with cloning and sequencing, to quantify fungal community composition and diversity within the experimental plant communities. We used soil microbial biomass as a temporally integrated measure of resource supply. Plant diversity was unrelated to fungal diversity, but fungal diversity was a unimodal function of resource supply. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that plant diversity showed a relationship to fungal community composition, although the occurrence of RISA bands and operational taxonomic units (OTUs) did not differ among the treatments. The relationship between fungal diversity and resource availability parallels similar relationships reported for grasslands, tropical forests, coral reefs, and other biotic communities, strongly suggesting that the same underlying mechanisms determine the diversity of organisms at multiple scales.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Plant Diversity", "0303 health sciences", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Fungi", "Biodiversity", "15. Life on land", "Plants", "Cedar Creek Natural History Area", "Fungal Diversity", "Microbial Biomass", "03 medical and health sciences", "Resource Availability", "Diversity-productivity Hypothesis", "Soil Microbiology", "Microbial Diversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00965.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00965.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00965.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00965.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-25", "title": "Effects Of Four Tillage Systems On Soil Structure And Soil Microbial Biomass In Organic Farming", "description": "AbstractTillage modifies soil structure and crop residue distribution and in turn affects the ability of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms to degrade soil organic matter and release nutrients for crop growth. In organic farming, soil microbiological activity is of primary importance as nutrient supply is mainly dependent on the degradation of soil organic matter by soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms. The aim of this work was therefore to study, in organic farming, the effects of four tillage systems [mouldboard ploughing (MP), shallow mouldboard ploughing (SMP), reduced tillage (RT) and shallow soil tillage (ST)] on soil structure, soil microbial biomass (SMB) and its potential activity (Cmin) during the first year following the treatments. To study simultaneously the effects of soil structure modifications and crop residue distribution on SMB and Cmin, we adopted a sampling scheme based on a morphological description of soil profiles. We distinguished and sampled compacted and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90compacted clods (\uffce\uff94 and \uffce\uff93 clods) at three depths (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 and 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm). This method enabled us to have a precise estimation of the effects of tillage treatments on SMB and Cmin. MP reduced compacted zones and limited unfavourable conditions for microbial growth and enabled a homogenous distribution of SMB in the soil profile. At the opposite, the ST increased compacted zones in the soil profile and limited SMB development below the top few centimetres. The SMP and the RT systems appeared as intermediate techniques. RT seemed to be a conservation tillage technique which could be used in organic farming.
", "keywords": ["TILLAGE SYSTEMS", "2. Zero hunger", "SOIL STRUCTURE", "SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ORGANIC FARMING", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/13-0616.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:20:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-09-11", "title": "Does agricultural crop diversity enhance soil microbial biomass and organic matter dynamics? A meta-analysis", "description": "Our increasing dependence on a small number of agricultural crops, such as corn, is leading to reductions in agricultural biodiversity. Reductions in the number of crops in rotation or the replacement of rotations by monocultures are responsible for this loss of biodiversity. The belowground implications of simplifying agricultural plant communities remain unresolved; however, agroecosystem sustainability will be severely compromised if reductions in biodiversity reduce soil C and N concentrations, alter microbial communities, and degrade soil ecosystem functions as reported in natural communities. We conducted a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 122 studies to examine crop rotation effects on total soil C and N concentrations, and the faster cycling microbial biomass C and N pools that play key roles in soil nutrient cycling and physical processes such as aggregate formation. We specifically examined how rotation crop type and management practices influence C and N dynamics in different climates and soil types. We found that adding one or more crops in rotation to a monoculture increased total soil C by 3.6% and total N by 5.3%, but when rotations included a cover crop (i.e., crops that are not harvested but produced to enrich the soil and capture inorganic N), total C increased by 8.5% and total N 12.8%. Rotations substantially increased the soil microbial biomass C (20.7%) and N (26.1%) pools, and these overwhelming effects on microbial biomass were not moderated by crop type or management practices. Crop rotations, especially those that include cover crops, sustain soil quality and productivity by enhancing soil C, N, and microbial biomass, making them a cornerstone for sustainable agroecosystems.
", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "soil nitrogen", "sustainable agroecosystems", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Biogeochemistry", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "meta-analysis", "Soil", "crop rotation", "monoculture", "13. Climate action", "gricultural biodiversity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "soil carbon", "Soil Microbiology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "McDaniel, Marshall D., Tiemann, Lisa K., Grandy, A. Stuart,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0616.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/13-0616.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/13-0616.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/13-0616.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1654-109x.2005.tb00624.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-07-21", "title": "Effects Of Fire On Soil Respiration, Atp Content And Enzyme Activities In Mediterranean Maquis", "description": "AbstractQuestion: Do low or high intensity fires affect micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organism activity in the upper soil layer of Mediterranean maquis?
Location: 600 m from the sea in the Nature Reserve of Castel Volturno (Campania, southern Italy, 40\uffc2\uffb057\uffe2\uff80\uff99N; 13\uffc2\uffb055\uffe2\uff80\uff99E).
Methods: Soil respiration was measured in situ on intact soil; enzyme activity (cellulase, xylanase, invertase, trehalase and protease) and ATP content were measured on soil samples collected under three species of maquis vegetation: Phillyrea angustifolia L., Myrtus communis L. and Cistus incanus L.
Results: Soil microbial respiration showed no significant differences in CO2 flux in treated and untreated plots, but the ATP content in the soil under C. incanus and M. communis was lower in the treated plots for most of the study period. In the soil under Ph. angustifolia, ATP content was low only for one week after fire. The reduction was more marked in the samples from \uffe2\uff80\uff98high fire intensity\uffe2\uff80\uff99 than from \uffe2\uff80\uff98low fire intensity\uffe2\uff80\uff99 plots. Soil respiration and ATP content exhibited seasonal variations linked to soil water content. Among the enzyme activity measured in the soil under the three plant covers, only invertase declined in burned plots throughout the study period, particularly in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98high fire intensity\uffe2\uff80\uff99 plots. Activity of the enzymes cellulase, xylanase, trehalase and protease had a different sensitivity depending on the respective shrub cover.
Conclusions: Impact of fire on soil microbial activity is largely dependent on vegetation mosaic and species identity.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Shrub maquis; Soil enzyme activity; Soil microbial biomass;", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109x.2005.tb00624.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Vegetation%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1654-109x.2005.tb00624.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1654-109x.2005.tb00624.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1654-109x.2005.tb00624.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:21:46Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Data from: Grazing enhances belowground carbon allocation, microbial biomass, and soil carbon in a subtropical grassland", "description": "unspecifiedLignin PhenolsData file with results from lignin phenol extraction of soil samples, and plant tissue end-members (i.e. shoots, rhizomes and roots of Bahiagrass from inside and outside grazing exclosure). The major families are summarized as v (vannilyl), c (cinnamyl) and s (syringyl). Column 'vsc' represents the sum of v,s, and c, standardized per 100 mg organic carbon, whereas 'vsc.sed' is standardized per 1 g of soil weight. 'adal.v' is the acid-aldehyde ratio of the vanillyl family.gcb_lignin.csvSoils EA/IRMSFile with results of elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Note that plot number needs to be paired with treatment ('trt') to generate a unique ID. 'Back' column identifies whether data is from background survey of exclosures, or from pulse-chase plots.Soils_EAIRMS.csvPulse Chase Vegetation EA/IRMSData with results of EA/IRMS analysis on plant samples from pulse chase experiment. Note that plot number and treatment must be combined to generate a unique plot ID. Harvest identifies time post pulse (2 days, 7 days, or 32 days). Pool identifies whether it is shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots or rhizomes ('Rh'). 'Sub' represents replicated harvested swaths ('A' or 'B') per harvest date (for 2 day and 7 day only, hence 32 day is identified as AA). One sample was accidentally combined in the field and is identified with A/B. Biomass is reported only for the t = 0 initial harvests of aboveground material.PulseChase_VegDataALL.csvPulse Chase Vegetation MassContains dry weight biomass for all plant samples collected in pulse chase experiment. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate unique plot ID. 'Sub' identifies replicate harvest swath collected at each harvest date (2 day and 7 day only, 32 day only had one swath and is thus identified as AA, as is the t=0 harvest of aboveground tissue immediately post pulse). 'Harvest' identifies time of harvest post pulse and is either 0 (immediately post pulse, aboveground tissue only), '2d' (2 day), '7d' (7 day), or '32day' (32 days). 'Pool' identifies the plant tissue and is either shoots ('Ag Veg'), roots ('Root') or rhizomes ('Rh'). Biomass is in grams. 'Standing dead' represents the senesced tissue sorted out of the sample prior to analysis, and is also in grams.PlantData_MassALL.csvPulse Chase Microbial DataMicrobial biomass and isotope ratio data. Note that treatment and plot number must be combined to generate a unique sample ID. Harvest indicates time since post pulse: '48' represents 2 days, '336' represents 7 days, and 4 represents 32 days. 'Sub' represents replicated harvest swath within a given harvest date (2 day and 7 day only). Column 'Rep' can be ignored. 'mgC/dry_mass_soil(g)' represents the carbon concentration of the extract, standardized per gram of soil extracted. 'd13c (permil, versus VPDB)' is the standard isotope delta 13C value, and 'Fumigated' identifies fumigated extracts (containing lysed microbial cell contents in addition to dissolved organic carbon, DOC) and 'unfumigated' extracts (which contain just DOC). Formulae for calculating microbial biomass and isotope enrichment are in the main paper, and are also explained in the open source code used to process and analyze data available at https://github.com/chwilson/GCB_2018).PulseChase_MicrobialData.csv", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "belowground carbon allocation", "soil organic carbon", "microbial biomass", "Lignin Phenols", "Paspalum notatum", "Large Herbivore Grazing", "subtropical pasture", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wilson, Chris H., Strickland, Michael S., Hutchings, Jack A., Bianchi, Thomas S., Flory, S. Luke,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.ms2np57", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.ms2np57"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:20:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-07-18", "title": "Plant Diversity Effects On Soil Microbial Functions And Enzymes Are Stronger Than Warming In A Grassland Experiment", "description": "Anthropogenic changes in biodiversity and atmospheric temperature significantly influence ecosystem processes. However, little is known about potential interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on essential ecosystem properties, such as soil microbial functions and element cycling. We studied the effects of orthogonal manipulations of plant diversity (one, four, and 16 species) and warming (ambient, +1.5\uffc2\uffb0C, and +3\uffc2\uffb0C) on soil microbial biomass, respiration, growth after nutrient additions, and activities of extracellular enzymes in 2011 and 2012 in the BAC (biodiversity and climate) perennial grassland experiment site at Cedar Creek, Minnesota, USA. Focal enzymes are involved in essential biogeochemical processes of the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. Soil microbial biomass and some enzyme activities involved in the C and N cycle increased significantly with increasing plant diversity in both years. In addition, 16\uffe2\uff80\uff90species mixtures buffered warming induced reductions in topsoil water content. We found no interactive effects of plant diversity and warming on soil microbial biomass and growth rates. However, the activity of several enzymes (1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90glucosidase, 1,4\uffe2\uff80\uff90\uffce\uffb2\uffe2\uff80\uff90N\uffe2\uff80\uff90acetylglucosaminidase, phosphatase, peroxidase) depended on interactions between plant diversity and warming with elevated activities of enzymes involved in the C, N, and P cycles at both high plant diversity and high warming levels. Increasing plant diversity consistently decreased microbial biomass\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific enzyme activities and altered soil microbial growth responses to nutrient additions, indicating that plant diversity changed nutrient limitations and/or microbial community composition. In contrast to our expectations, higher plant diversity only buffered temperature effects on soil water content, but not on microbial functions. Temperature effects on some soil enzymes were greatest at high plant diversity. In total, our results suggest that the fundamental temperature ranges of soil microbial communities may be sufficiently broad to buffer their functioning against changes in temperature and that plant diversity may be a dominant control of soil microbial processes in a changing world.
", "keywords": ["aboveground-belowground interactions", "Hot Temperature", "warming", "Climate Change", "biodiversity-ecosystem functioning", "global warming", "soil microbial ecology", "Soil", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Biomass", "global change", "Soil Microbiology", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "grasslands", "extracellular enzymes", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Plants", "15. Life on land", "plant diversity", "Enzymes", "grassland ecosystem", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/14-0088.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/14-0088.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-13", "title": "Carbon Allocation And Fate In Paddy Soil Depending On Phosphorus Fertilization And Water Management: Results Of C-13 Continuous Labelling Of Rice", "description": "We grew rice in phosphorus (P) deficient subtropical paddy soil in a field study and used 13CO2 continuous labelling to investigate photosynthetic carbon (C) partitioning and allocation under FLOOD versus WET/DRY conditions, with and without P fertilization (80\uffc2\uffa0mg P kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The plants and soil were sampled after each of three WET/DRY cycles to determine 13C allocation in above- and belowground plant biomass, microbial biomass, the rhizosphere, and bulk soil. Irrespective of water management, P-fertilized plants had higher biomass and P content and more total 13C in the rice-soil system, especially the 13C incorporation into the shoots (51%\uffe2\uff80\uff9396%), than samples without P fertilization. Root and bulk-soil 13C were largely independent of both P fertilization and water management. However, by the third sampling, P fertilization had increased the amount of 13C and microbial biomass 13C in the rhizosphere soil (RS) by 28% (WET/DRY) and 95% (FLOOD), and by 47% (WET/DRY) and 50% (FLOOD), respectively. The WET/DRY condition had significantly higher microbial biomass and 13C contents than FLOOD condition only in the RS. These results indicate that a well-established aboveground plant biomass following P fertilization is required to increase belowground C allocation. Thus, WET/DRY conditions, like FLOOD conditions, can provide moisture sufficient for unhindered P availability in rice-paddy system.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "330", "Microbial biomass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "6. Clean water", "Water management", "Paddy soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "14. Life underwater", "Rice photosynthesised C", "Phosphorus deficiency", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Canadian%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1139/cjss-2018-0008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1139/cjss-2018-0008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000600006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-03-26", "title": "Chemical And Biological Properties Of Phosphorus-Fertilized Soil Under Legume And Grass Cover (Cerrado Region, Brazil)", "description": "The use of cover crops has been suggested as an effective method to maintain and/or increase the organic matter content, while maintaining and/or enhancing the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The fertility of Cerrado soils is low and, consequently, phosphorus levels as well. Phosphorus is required at every metabolic stage of the plant, as it plays a role in the processes of protein and energy synthesis and influences the photosynthetic process. This study evaluated the influence of cover crops and phosphorus rates on soil chemical and biological properties after two consecutive years of common bean. The study analyzed an Oxisol in Selv\uffc3\uffadria (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil), in a randomized block, split plot design, in a total of 24 treatments with three replications. The plot treatments consisted of cover crops (millet, pigeon pea, crotalaria, velvet bean, millet + pigeon pea, millet + crotalaria, and millet + velvet bean) and one plot was left fallow. The subplots were represented by phosphorus rates applied as monoammonium phosphate (0, 60 and 90 kg ha-1 P2O5). In August 2011, the soil chemical properties were evaluated (pH, organic matter, phosphorus, potential acidity, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation) as well as biological variables (carbon of released CO2, microbial carbon, metabolic quotient and microbial quotient). After two years of cover crops in rotation with common bean, the cover crop biomass had not altered the soil chemical properties and barely influenced the microbial activity. The biomass production of millet and crotalaria (monoculture or intercropped) was highest. The biological variables were sensitive and responded to increasing phosphorus rates with increases in microbial carbon and reduction of the metabolic quotient.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "carbono microbiano", "Agriculture (General)", "Cerrado", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "aduba\u00e7\u00e3o verde", "microbial activity", "cover plants", "6. Clean water", "atividade microbiana", "mat\u00e9ria org\u00e2nica", "S1-972", "cerrado", "microbial biomass carbon", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832013000600006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000600006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832013000600006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832013000600006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832011000200028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-02T16:19:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-06-21", "title": "Sistemas De Preparo Do Solo E Culturas De Cobertura Na Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Org\u00e2nica De Feij\u00e3o E Milho: I - Atributos F\u00edsicos Do Solo", "description": "H\uffc3\uffa1 necessidade de se avaliar a contribui\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de culturas de cobertura e do seu manejo na manuten\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da qualidade biol\uffc3\uffb3gica do solo em \uffc3\uffa1reas sob produ\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o org\uffc3\uffa2nica. Este trabalho objetivou determinar a influ\uffc3\uffaancia das plantas de cobertura crotal\uffc3\uffa1ria (Crotalaria juncea), guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima), sorgo-vassoura (Sorghum technicum) e pousio nos atributos biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos de solo cultivado com feij\uffc3\uffa3o e milho org\uffc3\uffa2nicos, sob semeadura direta (SD) e preparo convencional (PC). O trabalho foi conduzido em Santo Ant\uffc3\uffb4nio de Goi\uffc3\uffa1s-GO, em Latossolo Vermelho distr\uffc3\uffb3fico, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeti\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es. Em novembro de 2003 foram instalados quatro experimentos, dois em SD e dois em PC, sendo um com feij\uffc3\uffa3o e outro com milho em cada sistema. Amostragens de solo das parcelas e de uma mata pr\uffc3\uffb3xima aos experimentos foram realizadas em novembro de 2007, nas camadas de 0,00-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m, para determina\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do teor de C org\uffc3\uffa2nico total (COT), carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM), respira\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o basal do solo (RBS), quociente metab\uffc3\uffb3lico (qCO2) e quociente microbiano (qMIC). As principais altera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es nos atributos biol\uffc3\uffb3gicos com o uso agr\uffc3\uffadcola ocorreram na camada superficial, onde, de maneira geral, os valores de CBM foram menores que no solo sob mata, sendo esse fato mais pronunciado nas \uffc3\uffa1reas sob PC. O qCO2 mostrou-se sens\uffc3\uffadvel \uffc3\uffa0s altera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es decorrentes do preparo do solo, apresentando valores mais favor\uffc3\uffa1veis na camada superficial do solo sob SD.
", "keywords": ["microbial quotient", "respira\u00e7\u00e3o basal do solo", "bulk density", "Agriculture (General)", "soil porosity", "quociente metab\u00f3lico", "Zea mays", "S1-972", "S index", "soil basal respiration", "Phaseolus vulgaris L", "densidade do solo", "2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "\u00edndice S", "15. Life on land", "porosidade do solo", "6. Clean water", "soil organic carbon", "C org\u00e2nico do solo", "microbial biomass carbon", "carbono da biomassa microbiana", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "metabolic quotient", "quociente microbiano"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832011000200028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832011000200028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832011000200028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832011000200028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=microbial+biomass&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=microbial+biomass&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=microbial+biomass&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=microbial+biomass&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 178, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-05-03T08:28:35.565720Z"}