Global warming leads to drastic changes in the diversity and structure of Arctic plant communities. Studies of functional diversity within the Arctic tundra biome have improved our understanding of plant responses to warming. However, these studies still show substantial unexplained variation in diversity responses. Complementary to functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity has been useful in climate change studies, but has so far been understudied in the Arctic. Here, we use a 25 year warming experiment to disentangle community responses in Arctic plant phylogenetic \uffce\uffb2 diversity across a soil moisture gradient. We found that responses varied over the soil moisture gradient, where meadow communities with intermediate to high soil moisture had a higher magnitude of response. Warming had a negative effect on soil moisture levels in all meadow communities, however meadows with intermediate moisture levels were more sensitive. In these communities, soil moisture loss was associated with earlier snowmelt, resulting in community turnover towards a more heath-like community. This process of \uffe2\uff80\uff98heathification\uffe2\uff80\uff99 in the intermediate moisture meadows was driven by the expansion of ericoid and Betula shrubs. In contrast, under a more consistent water supply Salix shrub abundance increased in wet meadows. Due to its lower stature, palatability and decomposability, the increase in heath relative to meadow vegetation can have several large scale effects on the local food web as well as climate. Our study highlights the importance of the hydrological cycle as a driver of vegetation turnover in response to Arctic climate change. The observed patterns in phylogenetic \uffce\uffb2 diversity were often driven by contrasting responses of species of the same functional growth form, and could thus provide important complementary information. Thus, phylogenetic diversity is an important tool in disentangling tundra response to environmental change.Hydrological interactions between vegetation, soil, and topography are complex, and heterogeneous in semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid landscapes. This along with data scarcity poses challenges for large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale modeling of vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff90water interactions. Here, we exploit metrics derived from daily Meteosat data over Africa at ca. 5\uffc2\uffa0km spatial resolution for ecohydrological analysis. Their spatial patterns are based on Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) time series and emphasize limiting conditions of the seasonal wet to dry transition: the minimum and maximum FVC of temporal record, the FVC decay rate and the FVC integral over the decay period. We investigate the relevance of these metrics for large scale ecohydrological studies by assessing their co\uffe2\uff80\uff90variation with soil moisture, and with topographic, soil, and vegetation factors. Consistent with our initial hypothesis, FVC minimum and maximum increase with soil moisture, while the FVC integral and decay rate peak at intermediate soil moisture. We find evidence for the relevance of topographic moisture variations in arid regions, which, counter\uffe2\uff80\uff90intuitively, is detectable in the maximum but not in the minimum FVC. We find no clear evidence for wide\uffe2\uff80\uff90spread occurrence of the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cinverse texture effect\uffe2\uff80\uff9d on FVC. The FVC integral over the decay period correlates with independent data sets of plant water storage capacity or rooting depth while correlations increase with aridity. In arid regions, the FVC decay rate decreases with canopy height and tree cover fraction as expected for ecosystems with a more conservative water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use strategy. Thus, our observation\uffe2\uff80\uff90based products have large potential for better understanding complex vegetation\uffe2\uff80\uff90water interactions from regional to continental scales.
", "keywords": ["Physical geography", "GROUNDWATER-DEPENDENT ECOSYSTEMS", "water limitation", "GC1-1581", "geostationary", "SOIL-MOISTURE", "Oceanography", "01 natural sciences", "ecohydrology", "ROOTING DEPTH", "ACTIVE-ROLE", "WOODY COVER", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "fractional vegetation cover", "HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "GB3-5030", "MODEL", "CLIMATE", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "PRECIPITATION", "Africa", "PATTERNS", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2021MS002730"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ms002730"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Advances%20in%20Modeling%20Earth%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2021ms002730", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2021ms002730", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2021ms002730"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-11-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2024jg008231", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-17", "title": "Assimilation of Sentinel\u20101 Backscatter to Update AquaCrop Estimates of Soil Moisture and Crop Biomass", "description": "AbstractThis study assesses the potential of regional microwave backscatter data assimilation (DA) in AquaCrop for the first time, using NASA's Land Information System. The objective is to assess whether the assimilation setup can improve surface soil moisture (SSM) and crop biomass estimates. SSM and crop biomass simulations from AquaCrop were updated using Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff901 synthetic aperture radar observations, over three regions in Europe in two separate DA experiments. The first experiment concerned updating SSM using VV\uffe2\uff80\uff90polarized backscatter and the corrections were propagated via the model to the biomass. In the second experiment, the DA setup was extended by also updating the biomass with VH\uffe2\uff80\uff90polarized backscatter. SSM was evaluated with local in situ data and with downscaled Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) retrievals for all cropland grid cells, whereas crop biomass was compared to SMAP vegetation optical depth and the Copernicus dry matter productivity. The assimilation showed mixed results for root mean square error and Pearson's correlation, with slight overall improvements in the (anomaly) correlations of updated SSM relative to independent in situ and satellite data. By contrast, the biomass estimates obtained with backscatter DA did not agree better with reference data sets. Overall, the SSM evaluation showed that there is potential in using Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff901 backscatter for assimilation in AquaCrop, but the present setup was not able to improve crop biomass estimates. Our study reveals how the complex interaction between SSM, crop biomass and backscatter affect the impact and performance of DA, offering insight into ways to optimize DA for crop growth estimation.The pedogenesis from the mineral substrate released upon glacier melting has been explained with the succession of consortia of pioneer microorganisms, whose structure and functionality are determined by the environmental conditions developing in the moraine. However, the microbiome variability that can be expected in the environmentally heterogeneous niches occurring in a moraine at a given successional stage is poorly investigated. In a 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89m2 area in the forefield of the Lobuche glacier (Himalayas, 5050\uffe2\uff80\uff89m above sea level), we studied six sites of primary colonization presenting different topographical features (orientation, elevation and slope) and harbouring greyish/dark biological soil crusts (BSCs). The spatial vicinity of the sites opposed to their topographical differences, allowed us to examine the effect of environmental conditions independently from the time of deglaciation. The bacterial microbiome diversity and their co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurrence network, the bacterial metabolisms predicted from 16S rRNA gene high\uffe2\uff80\uff90throughput sequencing, and the microbiome intact polar lipids were investigated in the BSCs and the underlying sediment deep layers (DLs). Different bacterial microbiomes inhabited the BSCs and the DLs, and their composition varied among sites, indicating a niche\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific role of the micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90environmental conditions in the bacterial communities' assembly. In the heterogeneous sediments of glacier moraines, physico\uffe2\uff80\uff90chemical and micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic variations at the site\uffe2\uff80\uff90spatial scale are crucial in shaping the microbiome microvariability and structuring the pioneer bacterial communities during pedogenesis.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Pedogenesis", "0303 health sciences", "Glacier Foreland Succession", "Bacteria", "Biological soil crust", "15. Life on land", "Primary Colonization", "Soil", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "RNA", " Ribosomal", " 16S", "Glacier Moraines", "Cold Deserts", "Pioneer Bacterial Communities", "Ice Cover", "Soil moisture", "Research Articles", "Soil Microbiology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://air.unimi.it/bitstream/2434/949070/2/Rolli%20et%20al%202022%20Environmental%20micro%e2%80%90niche%20filtering%20shapes%20bacterial%20pioneer%20communities.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=302678/40A25368-9064-4886-B8E6-E7942511FA71.pdf&pub_id=302678"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16268"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.16268", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.16268", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.16268"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-11-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-17", "title": "A non-linear Granger-causality framework to investigate climate\u2013vegetation dynamics", "description": "Abstract. Satellite Earth observation has led to the creation of global climate data records of many important environmental and climatic variables. These come in the form of multivariate time series with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Data of this kind provide new means to further unravel the influence of climate on vegetation dynamics. However, as advocated in this article, commonly used statistical methods are often too simplistic to represent complex climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93vegetation relationships due to linearity assumptions. Therefore, as an extension of linear Granger-causality analysis, we present a novel non-linear framework consisting of several components, such as data collection from various databases, time series decomposition techniques, feature construction methods, and predictive modelling by means of random forests. Experimental results on global data sets indicate that, with this framework, it is possible to detect non-linear patterns that are much less visible with traditional Granger-causality methods. In addition, we discuss extensive experimental results that highlight the importance of considering non-linear aspects of climate\uffe2\uff80\uff93vegetation dynamics.
", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "0207 environmental engineering", "TIME-SERIES", "Geology", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "SOIL-MOISTURE", "SAMPLE TESTS", "SURFACE-TEMPERATURE", "01 natural sciences", "RANDOM FORESTS", "CARBON-DIOXIDE", "NDVI DATA", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "PRECIPITATION", "GLOBAL TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SATELLITE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/10/1945/2017/gmd-10-1945-2017.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoscientific%20Model%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/gmd-10-1945-2017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-05-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.555216", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-16", "title": "Extending the spatio-temporal applicability of DISPATCH soil moisture downscaling algorithm: A study case using SMAP, MODIS and Sentinel-3 data", "description": "DISPATCH is a disaggregation algorithm of the low-resolution soil moisture (SM) estimates derived from passive microwave observations. It provides disaggregated SM data at typically 1\uffc2\uffa0km resolution by using the soil evaporative efficiency (SEE) estimated from optical/thermal data collected around solar noon. DISPATCH is based on the relationship between the evapo-transpiration rate and the surface SM under non-energy-limited conditions and hence is well adapted for semi-arid regions with generally low cloud cover and sparse vegetation. The objective of this paper is to extend the spatio-temporal coverage of DISPATCH data by 1) including more densely vegetated areas and 2) assessing the usefulness of thermal data collected earlier in the morning. Especially, we evaluate the performance of the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) instead of SEE in the DISPATCH algorithm over vegetated areas (called vegetation-extended DISPATCH) and we quantify the increase in coverage using Sentinel-3 (overpass at around 09:30 am) instead of MODIS (overpass at around 10:30 am and 1:30 pm for Terra and Aqua, respectively) data. In this study, DISPATCH is applied to 36\uffc2\uffa0km resolution Soil Moisture Active and Passive SM data over three 50\uffc2\uffa0km by 50\uffc2\uffa0km areas in Spain and France to assess the effectiveness of the approach over temperate and semi-arid regions. The use of TVDI within DISPATCH increases the coverage of disaggregated images by 9 and 14% over the temperate and semi-arid sites, respectively. Moreover, including the vegetated pixels in the validation areas increases the overall correlation between satellite and in situ SM from 0.36 to 0.43 and from 0.41 to 0.79 for the temperate and semi-arid regions, respectively. The use of Sentinel-3 can increase the spatio-temporal coverage by up to 44% over the considered MODIS tile, while the overlapping disaggregated data sets derived from Sentinel-3 and MODIS land surface temperature data are strongly correlated (around 0.7). Additionally, the correlation between satellite and in situ SM is significantly better for DISPATCH (0.39\uffe2\uff80\uff930.80) than for the Copernicus Sentinel-1-based (\uffe2\uff88\uff920.03 to 0.69) and SMAP/S1 (0.37\uffe2\uff80\uff930.74) product over the three studies (temperate and semi-arid) areas, with an increase in yearly valid retrievals for the vegetation-extended DISPATCH algorithm.
", "keywords": ["550", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "TVDI", "SMAP", "02 engineering and technology", "EVI", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "333", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Environmental sciences", "DISPATCH", "13. Climate action", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "GE1-350", "Sentinel-3", "14. Life underwater", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "soil moisture", "environment", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.555216"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.555216", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.555216", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2021.555216"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004818422908", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "We quantified rates of soil respiration among sites within an agricultural landscape in central Iowa, USA. The study was conducted in riparian cool-season grass buffers, in re-established multispecies (switchgrass + poplar) riparian buffers and in adjacent crop (maize and soybean) fields. The objectives were to determine the variability in soil respiration among buffer types and crop fields within a riparian landscape, and to identify those factors correlating with the observed differences. Soil respiration was measured approximately monthly over a two-year period using the soda-lime technique. Mean daily soil respiration across all treatments ranged from 0.14 to 8.3 g C m\u22122 d\u22121. There were no significant differences between cool-season grass buffers and re-established forest buffers, but respiration rates beneath switchgrass were significantly lower than those beneath cool-season grass. Soil respiration was significantly greater in both buffer systems than in the cropped fields. Seasonal changes in soil respiration were strongly related to temperature changes. Over all sites, soil temperature and soil moisture together accounted for 69% of the seasonal variability in soil respiration. Annual soil respiration rates correlated strongly with soil organic carbon (R = 0.75, P < 0.001) and fine root (<2 mm) biomass (R = 0.85, P < 0.001). Annual soil respiration rates averaged 1140 g C m\u22122 for poplar, 1185 g C m\u22122 for cool-season grass, 1020 g C m\u22122 for switchgrass, 750 g C m\u22122 for soybean and 740 g C m\u22122 for corn. Overall, vegetated buffers had significantly higher soil respiration rates than did adjacent crop fields, indicating greater soil biological activity within the buffers.", "keywords": ["Soil Temperature", "Soil-CO2 Emissions", "Soil Moisture", "Agroecology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "T\u00fcfek\u00e7io\u011flu, Ayd\u0131n, Raich, J.W., Isenhart, T.M., Schultz, R.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004818422908"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004818422908", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004818422908", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004818422908"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Roots, Soil Water And Crop Yield: Tree Crop Interactions In A Semi-Arid Agroforestry System In Kenya", "description": "Variations in soil water, crop yield and fine roots of 3\u20134 year-old Grevillea robusta Cunn. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. growing in association with maize (Zea mays L.) were examined in semiarid Kenya during the long rains of 1996 and 1997. Even although tree roots penetrated more deeply than maize roots, maximum root length densities for both tree species and maize occurred in the top 200 mm of the soil profile where soil moisture was frequently recharged by rains. Populations of roots in plots containing trees were dominated by tree roots at the beginning of the growing season but because tree roots died and maize root length increased during the cropping season, amounts of tree and maize roots were similar at the end of the season. Thus, there was evidence of temporal separation of root activity between species, but there was no spatial separation of the rooting zones of the trees and crops within that part of the soil profile occupied by crop roots. Tree root length density declined with increasing distances from rows of trees and with depth in the soil profile. Although Grevillea trees were largest, plots containing G. sepium trees always contained more tree roots than plots containing G. robusta trees and Gliricidia was more competitive with maize than Grevillea. Overall, Gliricidia reduced crop yield by about 50% and Grevillea by about 40% relative to crop yield in control plots lacking trees and reductions of crop yield were greatest close to trees. There was less soil moisture in plots containing trees than in control plots. Such difference between control plots and plots containing trees were maximal at the end of the dry season and there was always less soil moisture close to trees than elsewhere in the plots. Plots containing Gliricidia trees contained less soil water than plots containing Grevillea trees.", "keywords": ["Grevillea robusta", "fine root dynamics", "crop yield", "soil moisture", "Gliricidia sepium", "Zea mays"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Odhiambo, H.O., Ong, C.K., Deans, J.D., Wilson, J., Khan, A.A.H., Sprent, J.I.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011959805622"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1011959805622"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2020jd034163", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-23", "title": "Upgrading Land\u2010Cover and Vegetation Seasonality in the ECMWF Coupled System: Verification With FLUXNET Sites, METEOSAT Satellite Land Surface Temperatures, and ERA5 Atmospheric Reanalysis", "description": "AbstractIn this study, we show that limitations in the representation of land cover and vegetation seasonality in the European Centre for Medium\uffe2\uff80\uff90Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) model are partially responsible for large biases (up to \uffe2\uff88\uffbc10\uffc2\uffb0C, either positive or negative depending on the region) on the simulated daily maximum land surface temperature (LST) with respect to satellite Earth Observations (EOs) products from the Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility. The error patterns were coherent in offline land\uffe2\uff80\uff90surface and coupled land\uffe2\uff80\uff90atmosphere simulations, and in ECMWF's latest generation reanalysis (ERA5). Subsequently, we updated the ECMWF model's land cover characterization leveraging on state\uffe2\uff80\uff90of\uffe2\uff80\uff90the\uffe2\uff80\uff90art EOs\uffe2\uff80\uff94the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative land cover data set and the Copernicus Global Land Services leaf area index. Additionally, we tested a clumping parameterization, introducing seasonality to the effective low vegetation coverage. The updates reduced the overall daily maximum LST bias and unbiased root\uffe2\uff80\uff90mean\uffe2\uff80\uff90squared errors. In contrast, the implemented updates had a neutral impact on daily minimum LST. Our results also highlighted the complex regional heterogeneities in the atmospheric sensitivity to land cover and vegetation changes, particularly with issues emerging over eastern Brazil and northeastern Asia. These issues called for a re\uffe2\uff80\uff90calibration of model parameters (e.g., minimum stomatal resistance, roughness length, rooting depth), along with a revision of several model assumptions (e.g., snow shading by high vegetation).
", "keywords": ["Atmospheric Science", "CLIMATE-CHANGE", "IMPACT", "PREDICTION", "SNOW SCHEME", "ASSIMILATION", "MODELS", "15. Life on land", "SOIL-MOISTURE", "01 natural sciences", "PREDICTABILITY", "VARIABILITY", "Geophysics", "Space and Planetary Science", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)", "SENSITIVITY", "Research Article", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd034163"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research%3A%20Atmospheres", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2020jd034163", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2020jd034163", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2020jd034163"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2019wr025310", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-11", "title": "A Precipitation Recycling Network to Assess Freshwater Vulnerability: Challenging the Watershed Convention", "description": "AbstractWater resources and water scarcity are usually regarded as local aspects for which a watershed\uffe2\uff80\uff90based management appears adequate. However, precipitation, as a main source of freshwater, may depend on moisture supplied through land evaporation from outside the watershed. This notion of evaporation as a local \uffe2\uff80\uff9cgreen water\uffe2\uff80\uff9d supply to precipitation is typically not considered in hydrological water assessments. Here we propose the concept of a watershed precipitation recycling network, which establishes atmospheric pathways and links land surface evaporation as a moisture supply to precipitation, hence contributing to local but also remote freshwater resources. Our results show that up to 74% of summer precipitation over European watersheds depends on moisture supplied from other watersheds, which contradicts the conventional consideration of autarkic watersheds. The proposed network approach illustrates atmospheric pathways and enables the objective assessment of freshwater vulnerability and water scarcity risks under global change. The illustrated watershed interdependence emphasizes the need for global water governance to secure freshwater availability.
", "keywords": ["CLIMATE-CHANGE", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "MOISTURE", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "TIME", "12. Responsible consumption", "EVAPORATION", "VARIABILITY", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "USE IMPACTS", "IRRIGATION", "11. Sustainability", "SCARCITY", "MULTIMODEL", "SATELLITE", "Research Articles", "Water Science and Technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2019WR025310"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr025310"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Water%20Resources%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/2019wr025310", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/2019wr025310", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/2019wr025310"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-03", "title": "Assessing spatial soil moisture patterns at a small agricultural catchment", "description": "2021 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). Trento-Bolzano (Italy), 3-5 Nov. 2021. A good understanding of soil moisture spatial patterns is useful for assessing the hydrological connectivity and runoff generation processes in a catchment. Thus, we have applied numerical modelling approaches to investigate the spatial patterns of soil moisture at the Nu\u010dice experimental catchment (0.531 km 2 ) in the Czech Republic. The catchment was established in 2011 to observe the rainfall-runoff processes, soil erosion and water balance in an agricultural landscape. The catchment consists of three fields covering over 95 % of the area. Eight field surveys were conducted to capture the soil moisture patterns at different scales. Even though the soil management and soil properties in the fields of Nu\u010dice seem to be nearly homogeneous, we have observed spatial variability in topsoil moisture. In numerical simulations, a 3D spatially-distributed model MIKE-SHE was used to simulate the water movement within the catchments. The MIKE-SHE simulation has been mainly calibrated with rainfall-runoff observations and point-scale soil moisture data. In the simulation, we have obtained the spatial patterns of soil moisture at each time step. The soil moisture spatial patterns from the simulation have been compared with the density of the vegetation cover (NDVI), and topsoil moisture patterns from field surveys. We found that the density of vegetation cover has a good correlation with the soil moisture spatial distribution. However, this correlation was not captured in the MIKE-SHE simulation. Future research will include Cosmic-ray neutron sensing and stable isotope analysis to improve the current understanding of the catchment. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["Vegetation mapping", "13. Climate action", "Solid modeling", "0207 environmental engineering", "Three-dimensional displays", "Soil moisture", "Soil properties", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Moisture", "6. Clean water", "Correlation"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9628139/9628392/09628588.pdf?arnumber=9628588"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2021%20IEEE%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Metrology%20for%20Agriculture%20and%20Forestry%20%28MetroAgriFor%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-133.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-02", "title": "Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Affects Decomposition Of Festuca Vivipara (L) Sm Litter And Roots In Experiments Simulating Environmental Change In Two Contrasting Arctic Ecosystems", "description": "Mass loss, together with nitrogen and carbon loss, from above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground material and roots of Festuca vivipara were followed for 13 months in a high Arctic polar semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90desert and a low Arctic tree\uffe2\uff80\uff90line dwarf shrub heath. Festuca vivipara for the study was obtained from plants cultivated at two different CO2 concentrations (350 and 500 \uffce\uffbcL L\uffe2\uff80\uff931) in controlled environment chambers in the UK. Each of the four resource types (shoots or roots from plants grown in elevated or ambient CO2 concentrations) was subsequently placed in an experiment simulating aspects of environmental change in each Arctic ecosystem. Air, litter and soil temperatures were increased using open\uffe2\uff80\uff90topped polythene tents at both sites, and a 58% increase in summer precipitation was simulated at the high Arctic site.
Mass loss was greatest at the low Arctic site, and from the shoot material, rather than the roots. Shoots grown under an elevated CO2 concentration decomposed more slowly at the high Arctic site, and more quickly at the low Arctic one, than shoots grown at ambient CO2. After 13 months, greater amounts of C and N remained in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground litter from plants grown under elevated, rather than ambient, CO2 at the polar semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90desert site, although lower amounts of C remained in elevated CO2 litter at the low Arctic ecosystem. In the high Arctic, roots grown in the 500 \uffce\uffbcL L\uffe2\uff80\uff931 CO2 concentration decomposed significantly more slowly than below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground material derived from the ambient CO2 chambers. Elevated CO2 concentrations significantly increased the inital C:N ratio, % soluble carbohydrates and \uffce\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff90cellulose content, and significantly decreased the inital N content, of the above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground material compared to that derived from the ambient treatment. Initially, the C:N ratio and percentage N were similar in both sets of roots derived from the two different CO2 treatments, but soluble carbohydrate and \uffce\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff90cellulose concentrations were higher, and percentage lignin lower, in the elevated CO2 treatments.The tent treatments significantly retarded shoot decomposition in both ecosystems, probably because of lower litter bag moisture contents, although the additional precipitation treatment had no effect on mass loss from the above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground material. The results suggest that neither additional summer precipitation (up to 58%), nor soil temperature increase of 1 \uffc2\uffb0C, which may occur by the end of the next century as an effect of a predicted 4 \uffc2\uffb0C rise in air temperature, had an appreciable effect on root decomposition in the short term in a high Arctic soil. However, at the low Arctic site, greater root decomposition, and a lower pool of root N remaining, were observed where soil temperature was increased by 2 \uffc2\uffb0C in response to a 4 \uffc2\uffb0C rise in air temperature. These results suggest that decomposition below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground in this ecosystem would increase as an effect of predicted climate change. These data also show that there is a difference in the initial results of decomposition processes between the two Arctic ecosystems in response to simulated environmental change.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Decomposition", "Litter quality", "Nitrogen", "Grass", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Arctic", "13. Climate action", "Soil temperature", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Elevated CO2", "Soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-133.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-133.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-133.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-133.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Soil Water Availability On Root Biomass, Root Length, And N, P And K Uptake By Wheat", "description": "summaryWe investigated interactions between the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) and soil water availability on root biomass, root length and nutrient uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivumcv. Tonic). We grew plants at 350 and 700 \uffce\uffbcmol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921CO2and with frequent and infrequent watering (\uffe2\uff80\uff98wet\uffe2\uff80\uff99 and \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatments, respectively). Water use per plant was 1.25 times greater at 350 than at 700 \uffce\uffbcmol CO2mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921, and 1.4 times greater in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98wet\uffe2\uff80\uff99 than in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatment. Root biomass increased with [CO2] and with watering frequency. Elevated [CO2] changed the vertical distribution of the roots, with a greater stimulation of root growth in the top layers of the soil. These data were confirmed by the video data of root lengths in the \uffe2\uff80\uff98dry\uffe2\uff80\uff99 treatment, which showed a delayed root development at depth under elevated [CO2]. The apparent amount of N mineralized appeared to be equal for all treatments. Nutrient uptake was affected by [CO2] and by watering frequency, and there were interactions between these treatments. These interactions were different for N, K and P, which appeared to be related to differences in nutrient availability and mobility in the soil. Moreover, these interactions changed with time as the root system became larger with [CO2] and with watering frequency, and as fluctuations in soil moisture contents increased. Elevated [CO2] affected nutrient uptake in contrasting ways. Potassium uptake appeared to be reduced by the smaller mass flow of water reaching the root surface. However, this might be countered with time by the greater root biomass at elevated [CO2], by the greater soil moisture contents at elevated [CO2], enabling faster diffusion, or both. Phosphorus uptake appeared to be increased by the greater root biomass at elevated [COJ. We conclude that plant nutrient uptake at elevated [CO2] is affected by interactions with water availability, though differences between nutrients preclude generalizations of the response.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Elevated CO2", "Soil moisture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Triticum aestivum cv. Tonic (spring wheat)"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00682.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-19", "title": "Response Of Soil Denitrifying Communities To Long-Term Prescribed Burning In Two Australian Sclerophyll Forests", "description": "Low-intensity prescribed burning is a common forest management tool and plays a major role in modifying biogeochemical cycling through the alteration of substrate availability and microbial communities. In this study, we assessed the response of microbial community to repeated prescribed burning in two sclerophyll forests (the Bauple site, dry, annual rainfall 1000\u00a0mm; and the Peachester site, wet, 1711\u00a0mm) in southeast Queensland, Australia. At the dry sclerophyll forest (the Bauple site), annual and triennial burning did not significantly alter the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, while at the wet scleophyll forest (the Peachester site), two yearly burnings resulted in significantly lower soil total C and N contents compared to the long unburnt treatment. In spite of these different responses, prescribed burning regimes did not significantly influence the abundance of 16S rRNA or denitrifying gene (narG, nirK, nirS, nosZ) at both sites. These results indicated that, long-term prescribed burning has little effect on the denitrifying communities, while it has varying effects on soil chemical properties at the two sites, which are likely to be explained by differences in vegetation type and soil moisture regime.", "keywords": ["580", "550", "FoR 0403 (Geology)", "denitrifying community", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "long-term repeated burning", "Microbiology", "3. Good health", "FoR 0605 (Microbiology)", "qPCR", "Soil biology", "13. Climate action", "sclerophyll forest", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2014.908981"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geomicrobiology%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/01490451.2014.908981", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/01490451.2014.908981"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-03", "title": "Mathematical techniques to remove moisture effects from visible\u2013near-infrared\u2013shortwave-infrared soil spectra\u2014review", "description": "This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Applied Spectroscopy Reviews on 03 October 2022, available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365", "keywords": ["EJP Soil", "Proximal Sensing", "ProbeField", "Soil Moisture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "algorithms", "01 natural sciences", "diffuse reflectance spectroscopy", "field-moist conditions", "EJPSOIL", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "indices", "Soil moisture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Spectroscopy%20Reviews", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/05704928.2022.2128365"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/aa7145", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-05", "title": "Vegetation anomalies caused by antecedent precipitation in most of the world", "description": "Quantifying environmental controls on vegetation is critical to predict the net effect of climate change on global ecosystems and the subsequent feedback on climate. Following a non-linear Granger causality framework based on a random forest predictive model, we exploit the current wealth of multi-decadal satellite data records to uncover the main drivers of monthly vegetation variability at the global scale. Results indicate that water availability is the most dominant factor driving vegetation globally: about 61% of the vegetated surface was primarily water-limited during 1981\u20132010. This included semiarid climates but also transitional ecoregions. Intra-annually, temperature controls Northern Hemisphere deciduous forests during the growing season, while antecedent precipitation largely dominates vegetation dynamics during the senescence period. The uncovered dependency of global vegetation on water availability is substantially larger than previously reported. This is owed to the ability of the framework to (1) disentangle the co-linearities between radiation/temperature and precipitation, and (2) quantify non-linear impacts of climate on vegetation. Our results reveal a prolonged effect of precipitation anomalies in dry regions: due to the long memory of soil moisture and the cumulative, non-linear, response of vegetation, water-limited regions show sensitivity to the values of precipitation occurring three months earlier. Meanwhile, the impacts of temperature and radiation anomalies are more immediate and dissipate shortly, pointing to a higher resilience of vegetation to these anomalies. Despite being infrequent by definition, hydro-climatic extremes are responsible for up to 10% of the vegetation variability during the 1981\u20132010 period in certain areas, particularly in water-limited ecosystems. Our approach is a first step towards a quantitative comparison of the resistance and resilience signature of different ecosystems, and can be used to benchmark Earth system models in their representations of past vegetation sensitivity to changes in climate.", "keywords": ["Science", "QC1-999", "water", "TROPICAL FORESTS", "0207 environmental engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "SOIL-MOISTURE", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "stress", "water stress", "global vegetation", "AMAZON", "FORESTS", "CLIMATE EXTREMES", "hydro-climatic extremes", "ecosystem resilience", "DRY-SEASON", "GE1-350", "TEMPERATURE", "SATELLITE", "TD1-1066", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Physics", "Q", "Biology and Life Sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "NDVI DATA", "13. Climate action", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "GROWING-SEASON", "Granger causality", "CARBON-CYCLE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7145"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/aa7145", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/aa7145", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7145"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/rs14010167", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "Disaggregation of SMAP Soil Moisture at 20 m Resolution: Validation and Sub-Field Scale Analysis", "description": "This paper introduces a modified version of the DisPATCh (Disaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale Change) algorithm to disaggregate an SMAP surface soil moisture (SSM) product at a 20 m spatial resolution, through the use of sharpened Sentinel-3 land surface temperature (LST) data. Using sharpened LST as a high resolution proxy of SSM is a novel approach that needs to be validated and can be employed in a variety of applications that currently lack in a product with a similar high spatio-temporal resolution. The proposed high resolution SSM product was validated against available in situ data for two different fields, and it was also compared with two coarser DisPATCh products produced, disaggregating SMAP through the use of an LST at 1 km from Sentinel-3 and MODIS. From the correlation between in situ data and disaggregated SSM products, a general improvement was found in terms of Pearson\uffe2\uff80\uff99s correlation coefficient (R) for the proposed high resolution product with respect to the two products at 1 km. For the first field analyzed, R was equal to 0.47 when considering the 20 m product, an improvement compared to the 0.28 and 0.39 for the 1 km products. The improvement was especially noticeable during the summer season, in which it was only possible to successfully capture field-specific irrigation practices at the 20 m resolution. For the second field, R was 0.31 for the 20 m product, also an improvement compared to the 0.21 and 0.23 for the 1 km product. Additionally, the new product was able to depict SSM spatial variability at a sub-field scale and a validation analysis is also proposed at this scale. The main advantage of the proposed product is its very high spatio-temporal resolution, which opens up new opportunities to apply remotely sensed SSM data in disciplines that require fine spatial scales, such as agriculture and water management.
", "keywords": ["validation", "550", "[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Science", "Q", "SMAP", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "surface soil moisture", "333", "6. Clean water", "631", "surface soil moisture; disaggregation; DISPATCH; SMAP; validation", "DISPATCH", "disaggregation", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/167/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/167/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010167"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/rs14010167", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/rs14010167", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/rs14010167"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-08", "title": "Changes in surface hydrology, soil moisture and gross primary production in the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Ni\u00f1o", "description": "The 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o event caused severe changes in precipitation across the tropics. This impacted surface hydrology, such as river run-off and soil moisture availability, thereby triggering reductions in gross primary production (GPP). Many biosphere models lack the detailed hydrological component required to accurately quantify anomalies in surface hydrology and GPP during droughts in tropical regions. Here, we take the novel approach of coupling the biosphere model SiBCASA with the advanced hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB to attempt such a quantification across the Amazon basin during the drought in 2015/2016. We calculate 30\uffe2\uff80\uff9340% reduced river discharge in the Amazon starting in October 2015, lagging behind the precipitation anomaly by approximately one month and in good agreement with river gauge observations. Soil moisture shows distinctly asymmetrical spatial anomalies with large reductions across the north-eastern part of the basin, which persisted into the following dry season. This added to drought stress in vegetation, already present owing to vapour pressure deficits at the leaf, resulting in a loss of GPP of 0.95 (0.69 to 1.20) PgC between October 2015 and March 2016 compared with the 2007\uffe2\uff80\uff932014 average. Only 11% (10\uffe2\uff80\uff9312%) of the reduction in GPP was found in the (wetter) north-western part of the basin, whereas the north-eastern and southern regions were affected more strongly, with 56% (54\uffe2\uff80\uff9356%) and 33% (31\uffe2\uff80\uff9333%) of the total, respectively. Uncertainty on this anomaly mostly reflects the unknown rooting depths of vegetation.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue \uffe2\uff80\uff98The impact of the 2015/2016 El Ni\uffc3\uffb1o on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications\uffe2\uff80\uff99.
", "keywords": ["El Nino-Southern Oscillation", "0207 environmental engineering", "Articles", "02 engineering and technology", "Forests", "15. Life on land", "tropical terrestrial carbon cycle", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Carbon Cycle", "Droughts", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "El Ni\u00f1o", "Seasons", "soil moisture", "Hydrology", "gross primary productivity", "Amazon", "river discharge", "Brazil", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Philosophical%20Transactions%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B%3A%20Biological%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "name": "item", "description": "10.1098/rstb.2018.0084", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1098/rstb.2018.0084"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Sentinel-1 & Sentinel-2 for SOIL Moisture Retrieval at Field Scale", "description": "Soil moisture content is an essential climate variable that is operationally delivered at low resolution (e.g. 36-9 km) by earth observation missions, such as ESA/SMOS, NASA/SMAP and EUMETSAT/ASCAT. However numerous land applications would benefit from the availability of soil moisture maps at higher resolution. For this reason, there is a large research effort to develop soil moisture products at higher resolution using, for instance, data acquired by the new ESA's Sentinel missions. The objective of this study is twofold. First, it presents the validation status of a pre-operational soil moisture product derived from Sentinel-1 at 1 km resolution. Second, it assesses the possibility of integrating Sentinel-2 data and additional ancillary information, such as parcel borders and high resolution soil texture maps, in order to obtain soil moisture maps at 'field scale' resolution, i.e. similar to 0.1 km Case studies concerning agricultural sites located in Europe are presented.", "keywords": ["ASCAT", "high resolution", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Sentinel-1", "SMAP", "02 engineering and technology", "Soil moisture content", "Sentinel-2", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "SMOS", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8496405/8517275/08518170.pdf?arnumber=8518170"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGARSS%202018%20-%202018%20IEEE%20International%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518170"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/igarss.2019.8899164", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-25", "title": "Sensitivity of Sentinel-1 Interferometric Coherence to Crop Structure and Soil Moisture", "description": "This paper investigates the sensitivity of Sentinel-1 (S-1) interferometric coherence to crop structure and near surface soil moisture (SSM) content. The study analyzes a data set collected in 2017 over the Apulian Tavoliere agricultural site (Southern Italy). The data set includes: i) in situ data over more than 600 agricultural fields monitored during the 2017 winter and spring growing seasons; ii) time-series of S-1 IW VV & VH backscatter & interferometric coherence; iii) time series of S-1 SSM maps. The temporal behavior of S-1 coherence and VH backscatter has been assessed over the monitored agricultural fields. Initial results indicate a stronger sensitivity of S-1 coherence than VH backscatter to crop geometric structure. In addition, an analysis at site scale, conducted before and after an important rain event, indicates a change of SSM from 0.18 to 0.30 m3/m3 along with a change of S-1 coherence from 0.61 to 0.53.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop segmentation", "crop segmentation; interferometric coherence; Sentinel-1; soil moisture", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "Sentinel-1", "interferometric coherence", "02 engineering and technology", "soil moisture", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8891871/8897702/08899164.pdf?arnumber=8899164"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899164"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGARSS%202019%20-%202019%20IEEE%20International%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/igarss.2019.8899164", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/igarss.2019.8899164", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/igarss.2019.8899164"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883957", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-28", "title": "Potential of C-Band Sentinel-1 Data for Estimating Soil Moisture and Surface Roughness in a Watershed in Western France", "description": "Radar remote sensing has shown a high potential for soil surface parameters estimation in different pedo-climatic context. In the present study, we investigated Sentinel-l radar signal in order to analyze its behavior as function of soil moisture and soil roughness. In addition, we evaluated the approach combining the modified Integral Equation Model (IEM-B) and the Water Cloud Model (WCM) for estimating soil moisture in western France. Soil surface parameters were acquired over 4 campaigns during which composite soil samples were collected simultaneously to Sentinel-l acquisition dates. The dates of those campaigns were defined according to the evolution of the soil surface condition, during the agricultural season. The sensitivity of radar signal \u03c30 to soil moisture was studied over the 22 reference fields and over the Thiessen polygons created around the measurement points. Linear relationships are observed between the radar signal and volumetric soil moisture less than 35 vol. % with higher sensitivity for VH polarization (0.41 dB/vol.% in VH against 0.26 dB/vol.% in VV). The best correlation coefficients (R) were observed for the VH polarization with the Zs roughness parameter (R= 0.53 and 0.29 for reference fields and Thiessen polygons, respectively). Following that, a comparison of in situ soil moisture with that predicted based on approach proposed by [1], using Neural network algorithm with a training using the two models IEM-B and Water Cloud Model (WCM) allowed an accuracy with an RMSE ranging between 6.1 and 6.5 vol. % for reference fields and Thiessen polygons respectively. These results confirm that the proposed algorithm is accurate to estimate soil moisture.", "keywords": ["Naizin watershed", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil", "Sentinel 1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "France", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "C-band", "Roughness", "Moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9883023/9883024/09883957.pdf?arnumber=9883957"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883957"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IGARSS%202022%20-%202022%20IEEE%20International%20Geoscience%20and%20Remote%20Sensing%20Symposium", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883957", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883957", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9883957"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/2041-210X.14483", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-12-25", "title": "The Wayqecha Amazon Cloud Curtain Ecosystem Experiment: A new experimental method to manipulate fog water inputs in\u00a0terrestrial systems", "description": "Abstract
Fog makes a significant contribution to the hydrology of a wide range of important terrestrial ecosystems. The amount and frequency of fog immersion are affected by rapid ongoing anthropogenic changes but the impacts of these changes remain relatively poorly understood compared with changes in rainfall.
Here, we present the design and performance of a novel experiment to actively manipulate low lying fog abundance in an old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF) in Peru\uffe2\uff80\uff94the Wayqecha Amazon Cloud Curtain Ecosystem Experiment (WACCEE). The treatment consists of a 30\uffe2\uff80\uff89m high, 40\uffe2\uff80\uff89m wide mesh curtain suspended between two towers and extending down to the ground, and two supplementary curtains orientated diagonally inwards from the top of each tower and secured to the ground upslope. The curtains divert and intercept airborne water droplets in fog moving upslope, thereby depriving a ~420\uffe2\uff80\uff89m2 patch of forest immediately behind the curtains of this water source. We monitored inside the treatment and a nearby unmodified control plot various metrics of water availability (air humidity, vapour pressure deficit, leaf wetness and soil moisture) and other potentially confounding variables (radiation, air and soil temperature) above and below the forest canopy.
The treatment caused a strong reduction in both air humidity and leaf wetness, and an increase in vapour pressure deficit, above the canopy compared to the control plot. This effect was most pronounced during the nighttime (20:00\uffe2\uff80\uff9305:00). Below\uffe2\uff80\uff90canopy shifts within the treatment were more subtle: relative humidity at 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height above the ground was significantly suppressed during the daytime, while soil moisture was apparently elevated. The treatment caused a small but significant increase in air temperature above the canopy but a decrease in temperature in and near the soil, while mixed effects were observed at 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height above the ground. Above\uffe2\uff80\uff90canopy radiation was slightly elevated on the treatment relative to the control, particularly during the dry season.
Further application of the method in other systems where fog plays a major role in ecosystem processes could improve our understanding of the ecological impacts of this important but understudied climate driver.
Fog makes a significant contribution to the hydrology of a wide range of important terrestrial ecosystems. The amount and frequency of fog immersion are affected by rapid ongoing anthropogenic changes but the impacts of these changes remain relatively poorly understood compared with changes in rainfall.
Here, we present the design and performance of a novel experiment to actively manipulate low lying fog abundance in an old\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF) in Peru\uffe2\uff80\uff94the Wayqecha Amazon Cloud Curtain Ecosystem Experiment (WACCEE). The treatment consists of a 30\uffe2\uff80\uff89m high, 40\uffe2\uff80\uff89m wide mesh curtain suspended between two towers and extending down to the ground, and two supplementary curtains orientated diagonally inwards from the top of each tower and secured to the ground upslope. The curtains divert and intercept airborne water droplets in fog moving upslope, thereby depriving a ~420\uffe2\uff80\uff89m 2 patch of forest immediately behind the curtains of this water source. We monitored inside the treatment and a nearby unmodified control plot various metrics of water availability (air humidity, vapour pressure deficit, leaf wetness and soil moisture) and other potentially confounding variables (radiation, air and soil temperature) above and below the forest canopy.
The treatment caused a strong reduction in both air humidity and leaf wetness, and an increase in vapour pressure deficit, above the canopy compared to the control plot. This effect was most pronounced during the nighttime (20:00\uffe2\uff80\uff9305:00). Below\uffe2\uff80\uff90canopy shifts within the treatment were more subtle: relative humidity at 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height above the ground was significantly suppressed during the daytime, while soil moisture was apparently elevated. The treatment caused a small but significant increase in air temperature above the canopy but a decrease in temperature in and near the soil, while mixed effects were observed at 2\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height above the ground. Above\uffe2\uff80\uff90canopy radiation was slightly elevated on the treatment relative to the control, particularly during the dry season.
Further application of the method in other systems where fog plays a major role in ecosystem processes could improve our understanding of the ecological impacts of this important but understudied climate driver.
It is unclear how elevated CO2 (eCO2) and the corresponding shifts in temperature and precipitation will interact to impact ecosystems over time. During a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90year experiment in a semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid grassland, the response of plant biomass to eCO2 and warming was largely regulated by interannual precipitation, while the response of plant community composition was more sensitive to experiment duration. The combined effects of eCO2 and warming on aboveground plant biomass were less positive in \uffe2\uff80\uff98wet\uffe2\uff80\uff99 growing seasons, but total plant biomass was consistently stimulated by ~\uffc2\uffa025% due to unique, supra\uffe2\uff80\uff90additive responses of roots. Independent of precipitation, the combined effects of eCO2 and warming on C3 graminoids became increasingly positive and supra\uffe2\uff80\uff90additive over time, reversing an initial shift toward C4 grasses. Soil resources also responded dynamically and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90additively to eCO2 and warming, shaping the plant responses. Our results suggest grasslands are poised for drastic changes in function and highlight the need for long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, factorial experiments.", "keywords": ["forb", "0106 biological sciences", "Time Factors", "Climate Change", "Rain", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Bouteloua gracilis", "climatic changes", "C3 grass", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "plant productivity", "soils", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Artemisia frigida", "grasslands", "500", "carbon dioxide", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "C4 grass", "root biomass", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "soil moisture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12634"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ele.12634", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ele.12634", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ele.12634"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.70054", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:17:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-05", "title": "Influence of Soil Texture on the Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon From Sentinel\u20102 Temporal Mosaics at\u00a034\u00a0European Sites", "description": "ABSTRACTMultispectral imaging satellites such as Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff902 are considered a possible tool to assist in the mapping of soil organic carbon (SOC) using images of bare soil. However, the reported results are variable. The measured reflectance of the soil surface is not only related to SOC but also to several other environmental and edaphic factors. Soil texture is one such factor that strongly affects soil reflectance. Depending on the spatial correlation with SOC, the influence of soil texture may improve or hinder the estimation of SOC from spectral data. This study aimed to investigate these influences using local models at 34 sites in different pedo\uffe2\uff80\uff90climatic zones across 10 European countries. The study sites were individual agricultural fields or a few fields in close proximity. For each site, local models to predict SOC and the clay particle size fraction were developed using the Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff902 temporal mosaics of bare soil images. Overall, predicting SOC and clay was difficult, and prediction performances with a ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) >\uffe2\uff80\uff891.5 were observed at 8 and 12 of the 34 sites for SOC and clay, respectively. A general relationship between SOC prediction performance and the correlation of SOC and clay in soil was evident but explained only a small part of the large variability we observed in SOC prediction performance across the sites. Adding information on soil texture as additional predictors improved SOC prediction on average, but the additional benefit varied strongly between the sites. The average relative importance of the different Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff902 bands in the SOC and clay models indicated that spectral information in the red and far\uffe2\uff80\uff90red regions of the visible spectrum was more important for SOC prediction than for clay prediction. The opposite was true for the region around 2200\uffe2\uff80\uff89nm, which was more important in the clay models. 1.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The Amazon region may experience increasing moisture limitation over this century. Leaf dark respiration (R) is a key component of the Amazon rain forest carbon (C) cycle, but relatively little is known about its sensitivity to drought.
2.\uffe2\uff80\uff82Here, we present measurements of R standardized to 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C and leaf morphology from different canopy heights over 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years at a rain forest subject to a large\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale through\uffe2\uff80\uff90fall reduction (TFR) experiment, and nearby, unmodified Control forest, at the Caxiuan\uffc3\uffa3 reserve in the eastern Amazon.
3.\uffe2\uff80\uff82In all five post\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment measurement campaigns, mean R at 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C was elevated in the TFR forest compared to the Control forest experiencing normal rainfall. After 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of the TFR treatment, R per unit leaf area and mass had increased by 65% and 42%, respectively, relative to pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment means. In contrast, leaf area index (L) in the TFR forest was consistently lower than the Control, falling by 23% compared to the pre\uffe2\uff80\uff90treatment mean, largely because of a decline in specific leaf area (S).
4.\uffe2\uff80\uff82The consistent and significant effects of the TFR treatment on R, L and S suggest that severe drought events in the Amazon, of the kind that may occur more frequently in future, could cause a substantial increase in canopy carbon dioxide emissions from this ecosystem to the atmosphere.
", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "0301 basic medicine", "Through-fall exclusion experiment", "moisture transfer", "03 medical and health sciences", "Specific leaf area", "Amazonia", "Tropical forest", "Keywords: carbon cycle", "Climate change", "Para [Brazil] Climate change", "Caxiuana National Forest", "0303 health sciences", "leaf area index", "Night-time foliar carbon emissions", "exclusion experiment", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Leaf dark respiration", "forest canopy", "Moisture deficit", "climate change", "13. Climate action", "Leaf area index", "carbon emission", "throughfall", "rainforest", "Brazil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/5/f5625xPUB7833.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/79379/7/01_Metcalfe_Impacts_of_experimentally_2010.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01683.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-04-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-10-06T16:18:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-24", "title": "Simulated Chronic No3\u2212Deposition Reduces Soil Respiration In Northern Hardwood Forests", "description": "AbstractChronic N additions to forest ecosystems can enhance soil N availability, potentially leading to reduced C allocation to root systems. This in turn could decrease soil CO2 efflux. We measured soil respiration during the first, fifth, sixth and eighth years of simulated atmospheric NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 deposition (3\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) to four sugar maple\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated northern hardwood forests in Michigan to assess these possibilities. During the first year, soil respiration rates were slightly, but not significantly, higher in the NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots. In all subsequent measurement years, soil respiration rates from NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended soils were significantly depressed. Soil temperature and soil matric potential were measured concurrently with soil respiration and used to develop regression relationships for predicting soil respiration rates. Estimates of growing season and annual soil CO2 efflux made using these relationships indicate that these C fluxes were depressed by 15% in the eighth year of chronic NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 additions. The decrease in soil respiration was not due to reduced C allocation to roots, as root respiration rates, root biomass, and root turnover were not significantly affected by N additions. Aboveground litter also was unchanged by the 8 years of treatment. Of the remaining potential causes for the decline in soil CO2 efflux, reduced microbial respiration appears to be the most likely possibility. Documented reductions in microbial biomass and the activities of extracellular enzymes used for litter degradation on the NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff90amended plots are consistent with this explanation.
", "keywords": ["Nitrogen Fertilization", "Soil CO 2 Efflux", "Geology and Earth Sciences", "Science", "Atmospheric Nitrate Deposition", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Root Respiration", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Temperature and Moisture Effects", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Root Biomass"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00737.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-05-07T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=moisture&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=moisture&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=moisture&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=moisture&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 538, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-10-24T02:47:58.838275Z"}