{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/sum.12198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-31", "title": "Long-Term Effects Of Tillage, Nutrient Application And Crop Rotation On Soil Organic Matter Quality Assessed By Nmr Spectroscopy", "description": "Abstract<p>Crop and land management practices affect both the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) and hence are driving forces for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term effects of tillage, fertilizer application and crop rotation onSOCin an agricultural area of southern Norway, where a soil fertility and crop rotation experiment was initiated in 1953 and a second experiment on tillage practices was initiated in 1983. The first experiment comprised 6\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr crop rotations with cereals only and 2\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr cereal and 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90yr grass rotations with recommended (base) and more than the recommended (above base) fertilizer application rates; the second experiment dealt with autumn\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed (conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till) plots and direct\uffe2\uff80\uff90drilled plots (no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till). Soil samples at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depths were collected in autumn 2009 and analysed for their C and N contents. The quality ofSOMin the top layer was determined by13C solid\uffe2\uff80\uff90stateNMRspectroscopy. TheSOCstock did not differ significantly because of rotation or fertilizer application types, even after 56\uffc2\uffa0yr. However, the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed a significantly higherSOCstock than the conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system at the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffc2\uffa0cm depth after the 26\uffc2\uffa0yr of experiment, but it was not significantly different at the 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffc2\uffa0cm depth. In terms of quality,SOMwas found to differ by tillage type, rate of fertilizer application and crop rotation. The no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system showed an abundance of O\uffe2\uff80\uff90alkyl C, while conventional\uffe2\uff80\uff90till system indicated an apparently indirect enrichment in alkyl C, suggesting a more advanced stage ofSOMdecomposition. The long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term quantitative and qualitative effects onSOMsuggest that adopting a no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage system and including grass in crop rotation and farmyard manure in fertilizer application may contribute to preserve soil fertility and mitigate climate change.</p>", "keywords": ["Fertilizer application", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", " fertilizer application", " soil organic carbon (SOC)", " soil organic matter (SOM)", " tillage", " NMR spectroscopy.", "NMR spectroscopy", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon (SOC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/sum.12198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/sum.12198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/sum.12198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/molecules29204908", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:21:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-10-17", "title": "Computational Multiscale Study of the Interaction Between the PDMS Polymer and Sunscreen-Related Pollutant Molecules", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Sunscreen molecules play a critical role in protecting skin from ultraviolet radiation, yet their efficient detection and separation pose challenges in environmental and analytical contexts. In this work, we employ a multilevel modeling approach to investigate the molecular interactions between representative sunscreen molecules and the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer, a material widely recognized for its sorbent properties. Our goal is to explore how these interactions can be fine-tuned to facilitate the effective separation of sunscreen molecules in portable membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) systems, potentially leading to the development of new membrane materials. Using a combination of advanced computational techniques\u2014force field molecular dynamics simulations, semiempirical GFN2-xTB, and density functional theory calculations\u2014we assess the interaction strength and noncovalent interactions of sunscreen molecules, namely oxybenzone, naphthalene, benzo[a]anthracene, avobenzone, and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, with PDMS. Additionally, the effect of temperature on the interaction dynamics is evaluated, with the aim of extending the sorbent capacities of PDMS beyond light polar molecules to larger, polar sunscreen compounds. This study provides critical insights into the molecular-level interactions that may guide the design of novel membrane materials for efficient molecular separation.</p></article>", "keywords": ["QD241-441", "membranes", "PDMS", "MD", "Organic chemistry", "GFN2-xTB", "MIMS", "DFT", "Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29204908"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Molecules", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/molecules29204908", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/molecules29204908", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/molecules29204908"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-10-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:23:28Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Maps of topsoil (0-30 cm) properties of Tuscany (Italy)", "description": "Open AccessThe internal EJP SOIL project SERENA contributed to the evaluation of soil multifunctionality aiming at providing assessment tools for land planning and soil policies at different scales. By co-working with relevant stakeholders, the project provided co-developed indicators and associated cookbooks to assess and map them, to report both on soil degradation, soil-based ecosystem services and their bundles, under actual conditions and for climate and land-use changes, at the regional, national, and European scales.  The topsoil (0-30 cm) properties maps are prepared to evaluate soil ecosystem services in SERENA/EJP-Soil and for applying SOC loss Cookbook and SOIL Loss Cookbook. In particular Soil Organic Carbon content map was directly considered as an application of SOC loss Cookbook (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13951265\u00a0Version 3).  They are based on Tuscany Region soil database available at Geoscopio (https://www502.regione.toscana.it/geoscopio/pedologia.html) and on point soil data not freely available (Lamma Consortium). More information and requests to:\u00a0info@lamma.toscana.it.  In accordance with the methodology reported in the Soil Organic Carbon Mapping Cookbook (Yigini et al., 2018), the following soil properties were mapped for all Tuscany Region:    soil organic carbon content (dag/kg),  soil organic carbon stock (t/ha),  textural fractions (sand, silt and clay, USDA limits, dag/kg),  rock fragments (vol/vol),  pH in water,  bulk density (g/cm3).   They were obtained through Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) approach, based on correlations with numerous environmental factors and using Random Forest algorithm.  All the maps have a 100 m spatial resolution.", "keywords": ["silt", "bulk density", "pH", "soil organic carbon content", "sand", "clay", "Grant n. 862695", "Digital Soil Mapping", "textural fractions", "Italy", "topsoil properties", "Tuscany", "soil organic carbon stock", "EJP-SOIL", "SERENA Project"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039385"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14039385", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14039385"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14185189", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:23:32Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Dataset: experiments on volatile organic compounds uptake by the active layer soils of Greenlandic permafrost areas", "description": "This dataset is associated with a publication currently under peer review (DOI and link to the publication will be updated upon its publication).  Permafrost serves as a significant carbon reservoir, storing up to 1700 petagrams of carbon accumulated over millennia. As global warming accelerates permafrost thaw, this carbon can be mobilized, with a fraction being transformed into volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs can influence atmospheric oxidizing capacity and contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols.  In this study, active layer soils\u2014the seasonally unfrozen layer above the permafrost\u2014were collected from two contrasting Greenlandic permafrost locations (Disko Island, and Kangerlussuaq) and incubated to investigate their role in soil-atmosphere VOC exchange. Laboratory incubations were conducted under controlled conditions, where a VOC mixture gas was continuously purged through jars containing the soil samples. Gas concentrations were monitored at the inlet and outlet using a PTR-ToF-MS, allowing for the estimation of VOC uptake rates based on the differences in VOC concentrations.  The results demonstrated that these soils actively function as VOC sinks, despite variations in their physicochemical properties. Soils from upper active layers showed relatively higher uptake capacities, with soil moisture, organic matter, and microbial carbon content identified as key factors influencing uptake rates. Additionally, uptake coefficients for several major VOC species were calculated, providing valuable data for future model development. Correlation analysis and varying uptake coefficients suggest that the sink is likely biotic, with selective preferences for different VOCs.\u00a0The findings indicate that the development of a deeper active layer under climate change could enhance the soil\u2019s sink capacity and mitigate net VOC emissions from permafrost thaw.  Detailed methods and interpretations of the results can be found in the associated publication.", "keywords": ["volatile organic compounds", "Disko Island", "active layer", "sink", "Kangerlussuaq", "permafrost"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jiao, Yi, Kramsh\u00f8j, Magnus, Davie-Martin, Cleo, Elberling, Bo, Rinnan, Riikka,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14185189"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14185189", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14185189", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14185189"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:23:47Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) Zenodo Repository", "description": "Overview  Precision Liming Soil Datasets (LimeSoDa) is a collection of 31 datasets from a field- and farm-scale soil mapping context. These datasets are 'ready-to-use' for modeling purposes, as they include target soil properties and features in a tidy tabular format. Three target soil properties are present in every dataset: (1) soil organic matter (SOM) or soil organic carbon (SOC), (2) pH, and (3) clay content, while the features for modeling are dataset-specific. The primary goal of `LimeSoDa` is to enable more reliable benchmarking of machine learning methods in digital soil mapping and pedometrics. All the associated materials and data from LimeSoDa can be downloaded in this data repository. However, for a more in-depth analysis, we refer to the published paper 'LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping' by Schmidinger et al. (2025). You may also use our R\u00a0and Python package likewise called LimeSoDa.  \u00a0  Citation  Upon usage of datasets from LimeSoDa, please cite our associated paper:  Schmidinger, J., Vogel, S., Barkov, V., Pham, A.-D., Gebbers, R., Tavakoli, H., Correa, J., Tavares, T.R., Filippi, P., Jones, E. J., Lukas, V., Boenecke, E., Ruehlmann, J., Schroeter, I., Kramer, E., Paetzold, S., Kodaira, M., Wadoux, A.M.J.-C., Bragazza, L., Metzger, K., Huang, J., Valente, D.S.M., Safanelli, J.L., Bottega, E.L., Dalmolin, R.S.D., Farkas, C., Steiger, A., Horst, T. Z., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Scholten, T., Stumpf, F., Rosso, P., Costa, M.M., Zandonadi, R.S., Wetterlind, J. & Atzmueller, M. (2025). LimeSoDa: A Dataset Collection for Benchmarking of Machine Learning Regressors in Digital Soil Mapping.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Soil Organic Carbon", "Pedometrics", "pH", "Soil Organic Matter", "Clay", "Remote sensing", "Digital Soil Mapping"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.14936177", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.14936177"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:23:51Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "HWSD2_Climate_and_Socioeconomic_agriculturalsoil_dataset_mainland_portugal", "description": "The study uses the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD v2.0) developed by FAO and IIASA for biophysical models and agroecological queries. This database consolidates information from various sources, including the European Soil Database, the 1:1 million soil map of China, and national soil maps from Afghanistan, Ghana, and T\u00fcrkiye. It has a spatial resolution of around 1 km and is revised in 2013 and 2023. HWSD v2.0 includes detailed information on soil mapping units, general soil unit information, and specific physical and chemical soil unit characteristics across seven depth layers.  The database fields cover a wide range of attributes, such as soil texture, bulk density, organic carbon content, pH, and cation exchange capacity. The harmonization process ensures that data from different sources is standardized and integrated, providing a consistent and reliable dataset for various applications. However, the HWSD v2.0 has some limitations, such as combining soil inventories gathered at different times, scales, and precision, which may affect its reliability for national studies. It is recommended to use national-level harmonized soil databases for more accurate results in specific regions.  For Portugal's mainland, the data presented in the HWSD v2.0 dataset is sourced from the European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC), which contains various metrics of chemical and physical soil properties. Out of the 2882 Portuguese parishes, only 22 are left out, representing 0.76% percent of the total number of parishes.  The study uses several datasets to analyze land use and occupation in Portugal. The Land Use and Occupation Map (COS2007v3.0) is a detailed thematic map of land use and occupation for mainland Portugal, developed by the Directorate-General for Territory (DGT). The data is organized hierarchically and includes 83 classes of land use and occupation. The CHELSA database, maintained by the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), provides bioclimatic indexes for precipitation and average temperature over various temporal intervals and variables.  The National Institute of Statistics (INE) provides data on agricultural machinery distribution across different geographical locations. The dataset covers the total number of agricultural machines, as well as specific categories such as wheeled and tracked tractors, motor cultivators, power hoes, motor mowers, and combine harvesters. The dataset also examines the distribution of farms with access to irrigation based on geographical location.  The burned land data from 1975 to 2023 provides a comprehensive overview of fire occurrences and their impact over time. This data is crucial for understanding long-term patterns, assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention measures, and informing future land management and policy decisions.  Lastly, the population density dataset from the 2021 Census and the 2011 Census provides a decennial comparison of total population density across different geographical regions. These data are essential for understanding the evolution of land use and occupation in Portugal and their implications for environmental and agricultural consequences.", "keywords": ["Soil", "Total organic carbon", "Land use", "Soil use", "Atmospheric precipitation", "Soil type", "Organic carbon", "Land surface temperature"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Almeida Santos, R. G. F.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.15096788", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.15096788"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:25:41Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2019-06-24", "title": "Physical topsoil  properties in Murugusi, Western Kenya", "description": "Open Access&lt;b&gt;General:&lt;/b&gt; Lab determined topsoil bulk density, contents of sand, clay and organic carbon in Murugusi, W. Kenya, together with spatial coordinates of where the soil samples were taken (rounded to the closest center point of a 250 m \u00d7 250 m raster). All lab analyses were carried out at the ILRI/CIAT lab in Nairob, Kenya.  &lt;br&gt;  &lt;b&gt;Soil sampling:&lt;/b&gt; At each sample location, one composite topsoil sample was taken; three cores of 7 cm in diameter taken within an area of one square meter. The soil was taken from 0-0.2 m depth below any organic (O) horizon.   &lt;br&gt;  &lt;b&gt;Determination of soil properties:&lt;/b&gt; The bulk density of the soil was determined by taking two undisturbed soil samples (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depth) of known volume (100 cm2) and weighting them after air drying. Soil fractions of clay (&lt;0.002 mm) and sand (0.05-2 mm) were determined by the hydrometer method (Estefan et al., 2014), using 10% sodium hexametaphosphate as the dispersing agent. Soil pH was determined potentiometrically on a soil suspension of 1:2 (soil: water). Total carbon was measured after dry combustion using an elemental analyser (Elementar Vario max cube; ISO 10694, first edition 1995-03-01)  &lt;br&gt;  &lt;b&gt;Reference: &lt;/b&gt;Estefan G., Sommer R., Ryan J. (2014) Analytical Methods for Soil-Plant and Water in Dry Areas. A Manual of Relevance to the West Asia and North Africa Region. 3rd Edition, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, 255 pp. Available online at: http://repo.mel.cgiar.org:8080/handle/20.500.11766/7512?show=full. Verified: October 9, 2018.  &lt;br&gt;  &lt;b&gt;Acknowledgements: &lt;/b&gt; We are deeply thankful for the good services provided by John Mukulama (soil sampling), John Yumbya Mutua (soil sampling) and Francis Mungthu Njenga (lab analyses) The project was carried out within the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).", "keywords": ["Soil organic matter", "Agricultural Sciences", "Soil organic carbon", "sand", "Kenya", "Carbon", "Latin America and the Caribbean", "soil", "Soil", "Soil bulk density", "Sand", "soil organic matter", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Soil texture", "Murugusi", "Africa", "Clay", "Texture", "Western Kenya", "Agroecosystems and Sustainable Landscapes - ASL"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Piikki, Kristin, S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m, Mats, Sommer, Rolf, Da Silva, Mayesse,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/GVNJAB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-04-06", "title": "Evidence for preservation of organic carbon interacting with iron in material displaced from retrogressive thaw slumps: Case study in Peel Plateau, western Canadian Arctic", "description": "Open AccessISSN:0016-7061", "keywords": ["Mineral-organic carbon interactions; Retrogressive thaw slumps; Mass wasting; Peel Plateau; Iron", "Retrogressive thaw slumps", "13. Climate action", "Mass wasting", "Iron", "Peel Plateau", "Mineral-organic carbon interactions", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-015-2625-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-08-08", "title": "Long-Term Impacts Of Season Of Grazing On Soil Carbon Sequestration And Selected Soil Properties In The Arid Eastern Cape, South Africa", "description": "The Karoo biomes of South Africa are major feed resources for livestock farming, yet soil nutrient depletion and degradation is a major problem. The objective of this study was to assess impacts of long-term (>75\u00a0years) grazing during spring (SPG), summer (SUG), winter (WG) and exclosure (non-grazed control) treatments on soil nutrients, penetration resistance and infiltration tests. A soil sampling campaign was carried out to collect soil to a depth of 60\u00a0cm to analyse bulk density, soil physical and chemical parameters as well as soil compaction and infiltration. Generally, grazing treatments reduced soil organic C (SOC) stocks and C:N ratios, and modified soil properties. There was higher SOC stock (0.128\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) in the exclosure than in the SPG (0.096\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121), SUG (0.099\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121) and WG (0.105\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0yr\u22121). The C:N ratios exhibited similar pattern to that of C. From the grazing treatments, the WG demonstrated 7 to 10\u00a0% additional SOC stock over the SPG and SUG, respectively. Short period animal exclusion could be an option to be considered to improve plant nutrients in sandy soils of South Africa. However, this may require a policy environment which supports stock exclusion from such areas vulnerable to land degradation, nutrient and C losses by grazing-induced vegetation and landscape changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Exclosure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Total nitrogen", "15. Life on land", "630", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Grazing season", "\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me aride", "13. Climate action", "Arid ecosystem", "mati\u00e8re organique", "saison de p\u00e2turage", "carbone organique du sol", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic matter", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "azote total"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2625-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-015-2625-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-015-2625-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-015-2625-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-08-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-02", "title": "Long-term effectiveness of sustainable land management practices to control runoff, soil erosion, and nutrient loss and the role of rainfall intensity in Mediterranean rainfed agroecosystems", "description": "Mediterranean environments are especially susceptible to soil erosion and to inappropriate soil management, leading to accelerated soil loss. Sustainable Land Management (SLM) practices (such as reduced tillage, no-tillage, cover crops, etc.,) have the potential to reduce soil, organic carbon (OC), and nutrient losses by erosion. However, the effectivity of these practices is site-dependent and varies under different rainfall conditions. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effects of SLM practices   in two rainfed systems (a wheat field and an almond orchard) representative of a large area of the driest Mediterranean regions - on runoff, soil erosion, particle size distribution, and OC and nutrient (N and P) contents in sediments. The influence of the rainfall characteristics on the effectiveness of the SLM practices was also evaluated. The SLM implemented were: reduced tillage (RT) in the wheat field and almond orchard and reduced tillage combined with green manure (RTG) in the almond orchard; these were compared to conventional tillage, the usual practice in the area. Open erosion plots were set up to monitor the effects of SLM on soil carbon and nutrients and on soil erosion after each rainfall event over six years (2010 2016). The results show that the SLM practices evaluated resulted in increased organic carbon (OC) and nutrients (N and P) contents in the soil, and reduced runoff, erosion, and mobilization of organic carbon and nutrients in sediments. Reductions in runoff of 30% and 65% and decreases in erosion of 65 and 85% were found in the wheat field and almond orchards, respectively. In addition, the total OC, N, and P losses in the wheat field were reduced by 56%, 45%, and 64%, respectively, while in the almond field the OC, N, and P losses were reduced by 90% under RT and by 85% under RTG. The beneficial effect of the SLM practices on soil erosion was observed within 18 months of their implementation and continued throughout the six years of the study. Furthermore, the effectiveness of tillage reduction with respect to erosion control and carbon and nutrients mobilization was highest during the most intense rainfall events, which are responsible for the highest erosion rates in Mediterranean areas. Our results support the key role of SLM practices under semiarid conditions as useful tools for climate change mitigation and adaptation, given the expected increase in high-intensity rainfall events in semiarid areas. \u00a9 2019 The Authors This study site has been funded by several national (CYCIT AGL201125069//CICYT AGL2010-20941//CGL2013-42009-R//CGL2014-55-405-R), Regional (S\u00e9neca Foundation: 08757/PI/08//19350/PI/14), and European Commission H2020 (F6 DG RTD 037046 and Grant 728003, DIVERFARMING projects). Joris de Vente acknowledges support from a Ram\u00f3n y Cajal research grant (RYC-2012-10375) and Mar\u00eda Almagro was supported by the Juan de la Cierva Program (IJCI-2015-23500).", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Rainfed agroecosystems", "Green manure", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "6. Clean water", "ddc:", "Tillage", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Green manure | Organic carbon | Rainfed agroecosystems | Soil fertility | Tillage", "Organic carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Critical review of the impacts of grazing intensity on soil organic carbon storage and other soil quality indicators in extensively managed grasslands", "description": "Livestock grazing intensity (GI) is thought to have a major impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and soil quality indicators in grassland agroecosystems. To critically investigate this, we conducted a global review and meta-analysis of 83 studies of extensive grazing, covering 164 sites across different countries and climatic zones. Unlike previous published reviews we normalized the SOC and total nitrogen (TN) data to a 30\u00a0cm depth to be compatible with IPCC guidelines. We also calculated a normalized GI and divided the data into four main groups depending on the regional climate (dry warm, DW; dry cool, DC; moist warm, MW; moist cool, MC). Our results show that taken across all climatic zones and GIs, grazing (below the carrying capacity of the systems) results in a decrease in SOC storage, although its impact on SOC is climate-dependent. When assessed for different regional climates, all GI levels increased SOC stocks under the MW climate (+7.6%) whilst there were reductions under the MC climate (-19%). Under the DW and DC climates, only the low (+5.8%) and low to medium (+16.1%) grazing intensities, respectively, were associated with increased SOC stocks. High GI significantly increased SOC for C4-dominated grassland compared to C3-dominated grassland and C3-C4 mixed grasslands. It was also associated with significant increases in TN and bulk density but had no effect on soil pH. To protect grassland soils from degradation, we recommend that GI and management practices should be optimized according to climate region and grassland type (C3, C4 or C3-C4 mixed).", "keywords": ["330", "QH301 Biology", "630", "Article", "QH301", "NE/M021327/1", "Grazing intensity", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "grazing", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "NE/P019455/1", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "soil organic carbon", "Grazing", "grazing intensity", "total nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "NE/M016900/1", "NE/M019713/1", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BB/N013484/1", "grassland", "BB/N013468/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-12", "title": "Land conversion from annual to perennial crops: A win-win strategy for biomass yield and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen sequestration", "description": "<p>How much can we increase biomass yield by promoting land conversion from annual to perennial crops? Will increased biomass extraction for biorefineries reduce soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stock? Which cropping system is more stable for biomass production over time? To our knowledge, no study has concurrently investigated the effects of land conversion from annual to perennial crops on biomass yield, yield stability, and changes in SOC and TN stock, which limits the understanding and application of sustainable agroecosystems producing biomass for biorefineries. Based on five-year continuous observations in central Jutland Denmark, our results showed that perennial crops significantly increased biomass yield by 19% and yield stability by 88% compared to annual crops. Perennial crops significantly increased SOC content by 4% and SOC stock by 11% at 0\u2013100 cm depth across the five years. The opposite responses of SOC content and stock under annual and perennial crops led to even more significant differences between the crop types. Perennial crops had no effect on soil TN content and increased soil TN stock to one meter depth by 22%, whereas continuous annual crops had no effect on it. Neither annual nor perennial crops had effects on SOC and TN stock when estimated based on equivalent soil mass because the soil density increased under perennial crops. Our results showed that changes in SOC and TN stock between annual and perennial crops varied with the specific calculating methods (fixed depth/equivalent mass), thus the selected methods should be clearly defined in the future research. Increases in SOC content at one meter depth were positively correlated with biomass yield and yield stability, suggesting a win-win strategy for climate mitigation and food security. Altogether, our results highlight the potential to redesign the current cropping system for sustainable intensification by selecting proper perennial crops for green biorefineries.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Yield stability", "Sustainable agroecosystem", "13. Climate action", "Annual crop", "Biomass yield", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Perennial crop", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stock"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envc.2023.100816", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-12-12", "title": "Regional topsoil organic carbon content in the agricultural soils of Slovakia and its drivers, as revealed by the most recent national soil monitoring data", "description": "Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a primary constituent of soil organic matter and plays an important role in the regulation of many soil processes, including greenhouse gas emissions. Recently, SOC also became an indicator for monitoring climate change mitigation policies in the agricultural sector. The availability of up-to-date SOC inventories is thus crucial in terms of supporting SOC\u2013related actions at country or sub-country scales. Currently, the National Monitoring System of the Agricultural Soils of Slovakia (CMS-P), whose network of 318 monitoring sites was last surveyed in 2018, is the only available source of up-to-date topsoil SOC data for agricultural land in Slovakia. Although very useful at the national scale, the number of CMS-P observations it contains is too limited for much needed sub-national SOC inventories. We hypothesized that with the aid of well-chosen macro-scale drivers of topsoil SOC accumulation in agricultural land in Slovakia, and by mapping those drivers geographically, we could upscale the CMS-P observations and produce a regional estimate of topsoil SOC. Altitude, land cover, topsoil texture, and soil type were assumed to be the key factors controlling topsoil SOC accumulation in Slovakia, and based on these, the country was classified into 14 macro-scale geographical regions. Typical ranges and mid-class values of 0\u201330cm topsoil SOC concentrations (%) and stocks (t ha\u22121) were calculated for each macro-scale region from CMS-P data. The average topsoil SOC content in agricultural land was estimated to be 2.13% (72.9 t ha\u22121). The highest topsoil SOC stock (> 90 t ha\u22121) was estimated for the lowlands of Slovakia, and the lowest (< 50 t ha\u22121) for the shallow and stony soils of mountain regions. When aggregated to 78 administrative regions at LAU1 level, the area-weighted averages ranged between 39.20 t ha\u22121 and 80.0 t ha\u22121, with the highest values (> 65 t ha\u22121) being in LAU1 regions in the south-west, south-east, and north of Slovakia where arable land is most prevalent. Total SOC storage in 0\u201330cm topsoil of agricultural land in Slovakia was estimated at 118.39 Mt, with two-thirds of this amount stored in arable soils in 33 south-west, south-east, and south LAU1 administrative regions. As there is no alternative and up-to-date dataset on topsoil SOC content in Slovakia, the upscaling algorithm presented in this study is an important step toward utilizing CMS-P data for sub-national SOC inventories. It may also offer a new way of providing inputs to help predict future or alternative regional topsoil SOC accumulation trajectories in Slovakian agricultural land using process-based or statistical models.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Multiple soil classes", "Geographical regionalization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "Upscaling of point measurements", "Soil organic carbon inventory", "11. Sustainability", "Soil indicators", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "Soil organic carbon modelling", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/19278/1/1-s2.0-S2667010023001397-main.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2023.100816"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Challenges", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envc.2023.100816", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envc.2023.100816", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envc.2023.100816"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.5511764", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:24:29Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Application of organic fertilizers alter the physical and biogeochemical properties of agricultural topsoil and subsoil", "description": "Open AccessvEGU21: Gather Online | 19\u201330 April 2021", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Organic amendments", " Organic carbon stocks", " subsoil ", " Vis-NIR"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Neumeier, Anke, Guigue, Julien, Ostovari, Yaser, Muskolus, Andreas, Holmer, Anna, Martens, Henk, Me\u0161inovi\u0107, Emina, K\u00f6gel-Knabner, Ingrid, Creamer, Rachel, Van Groenigen, Jan Willem, Vidal, Alix,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5511764"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.5511764", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.5511764", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.5511764"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-02", "title": "Effect Of Nutrients Availability And Long-Term Tillage On Priming Effect And Soil C Mineralization", "description": "Abstract   Agricultural management practices including soil tillage exert strong control on soil organic matter (SOM) turnover and its interactions with global C cycle through different mechanisms. One control mechanism is the priming effect (PE) which consists in stimulating SOM mineralization with the addition of fresh, energetic plant material. In this study, we quantified C mineralization and PE in soils sampled in two contrasted long-term (40 years) tillage treatments which deeply modified soil properties (e.g. organic C concentration, microbial biomass, pH). We hypothesized that soil tillage might affect these processes through changes in C addition rates, nutrient availability, and long-term variations in SOM content and microbial communities. We investigated the relationship between PE intensity, tillage and nutrients availability in soil samples taken in no till (NT) and full inversion tillage (FIT) in two layers (0\u20135 and 15\u201320\u00a0cm). Soils were incubated with or without addition of  13 C labeled cellulose and mineral nutrients. Potential C mineralization and primed C were measured during 262 days. Unlabeled soil microbial biomass C was determined at the end of the experiment to separate apparent and real priming effect.  Basal cumulative C mineralization in the control soil ranged from 363 to 1490\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  soil at day 262. It was strongly correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration. Specific mineralization rates were 44.8 and 68.8\u00a0g\u00a0kg \u22121  SOC in the 0\u20135\u00a0cm layer for the FIT and NT treatments, respectively and were strongly linked with the particulate organic matter content ( r \u00a0=\u00a00.99***). These results suggest that SOC was more active in the upper layer of the NT treatment due to the high concentration of readily-decomposable, particulate organic matter. The cellulose was entirely metabolized after 60 days and its kinetics of mineralization was affected neither by tillage, depth nor nutrients. The percentage of cellulose C released as CO 2  represented 55\u201361% of the added cellulose-C at day 262. A positive PE was found in all treatments and its kinetics was parallel to that of cellulose mineralization. The cumulative PE significantly varied with nutrients level but not tillage, ranging from 73 to 78\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  under high nutrients level and from 116 to 136\u00a0mg\u00a0kg \u22121  in low nutrients level. No significant differences were found in unlabeled microbial biomass C between control and amended soil, suggesting no apparent priming effect. We conclude that the priming was mainly controlled by nutrient availability but not tillage, in spite of strong tillage-induced changes in SOC concentration and microbial biomass. Since PE is known to depend on C addition rate, tillage is expected to affect  in situ  PE through variations in the ratio of fresh carbon to nutrient concentration along the soil profile.", "keywords": ["priming effect", "2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass", "no till", "nutrient mining", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil organic carbon mineralization", "630", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "full inversion tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dimassi, Bassem, Mary, Bruno, Fontaine, S\u00e9bastien, Perveen, Nazia, Revaillot, Sandrine, Cohan, Jean-Pierre,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.07.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-013-1928-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-10-22", "title": "Effect Of The Replacement Of Tropical Forests With Tree Plantations On Soil Organic Carbon Levels In The Jomoro District, Ghana", "description": "Background and aims  In the Jomoro district in Ghana, tree plantations were the first cause of deforestation in the past, drastically reducing the area occupied by primary forests. The aim of this study was to quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) losses due to a change in land use from primary forest to tree plantations (cocoa, coconut, rubber, oil palm) on the different substrates of the district. Secondary forests and mixed plantations were also included in the study.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Primary forests", "Soil organic carbon", "Tree plantations", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Deforestation", "15. Life on land", "Land use change", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1928-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-013-1928-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-013-1928-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-013-1928-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-10-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/21088", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:36:33Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Organic carbon in agricultural and agroforestry soils: Effect of different management practices", "description": "Open AccessSoil is a global resource that has the capacity to contain large amounts of organic carbon. In fact, soils contain more carbon than plants and the atmosphere combined. However, in recent decades human activities such as land-use change, deforestation, biomass burning, and environmental pollution have accelerated the release of terrestrial carbon into the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect. The study of soil organic carbon cycle was recognized in the last decades as a necessary step for controlling future increases in atmospheric CO2, as well as necessary to simultaneously ensure the sustainability agricultural activities. A better comprehension of the he dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) in different agricultural systems will allow an improvement of soil quality and soil organic carbon storage under different climate and soil conditions. However, despite of decade\u2019s long research on this subject, there is still the need for a better appraisal of soil carbon dynamics in specific agricultural systems based on robust in field empirical studies. So, relevant contributions to a better understanding of the impact of land use on the global carbon cycle is of great importance. The present research, framed in the context of a PhD specialization on soil carbon in agricultural areas, is aimed to generate new information on the effect of different factors (climate, land use, management, altitude, and soil type) that influence the sequestration and accumulation of organic carbon along the profile in the soil in different agricultural and forest systems across contrasting edaphoclimatic conditions. This research includes not only new quantitative information on soil organic carbon, but also innovative studies on its distribution among different soil carbon compartments and on the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) on soil organic carbon determination. The first study (Chapter 2) is an analysis of the effect of different agricultural uses in a subtropical climate, in the area of the Carrizal River valley in the province of Manab\u00ed Ecuador, based on the analysis of 64 soil profiles. In each profile simples were taken in the soil profile horizons to obtain the concentration of organic carbon up to a maximum depth of 150 cm in different agricultural management (permanent, intensive rotation and abandoned crops), In this study twenty-one different agricultural uses were identified. As expected, the highest concentrations of soil organic carbon happened in the A horizon, which has an average thickness of 40 cm. A trend towards a higher carbon sequestration potential was observed in the grass, intercropping like cocoa with banana and corn area management with an average value of 1.7% C, much higher than the area under mechanized agriculture, which presented lower carbon concentration, with an average value of 0.26% C. Regarding the total soil organic carbon stock, the first horizon accumulated more carbon compared to the other (B and C) soil profiles, with an average value of 41.32\u00b120.97 t C ha\u22121 and 15.06\u00b115.61 t C ha\u22121, respectively. The second study (Chapter 3) evaluated the effect of forest management in a temperate climate. For this study, soil samples were taken in a managed environment of forest species (Alnus incana, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Mixed: stands containing beech and spruce) in an elevation range from <900 m a.s.l. to >1100 m a.s.l. from the Babia G\u00f3ra National Park in southern Poland. Sampling points were taken up to a maximum depth of 100 cm. The results in this study revealed that the SOC reserves in the mountain soils of the Babi G\u00f3ra National Park are characterized by their great variability (from 50.10 t ha\u22121 to 905.20 t ha\u22121). In the conditions of this study, the type of soil is the dominant factor determining soil organic carbon stock, which coupled with topographic factors influence soil and vegetation conditions. This explains such diversity in the accumulation of soil organic carbon in different mountain soils in the areas. The largest carbon stock was recorded in histosols (>550 t C ha\u22121), which are located in the lower part of the national park. The third block of the research focused on two field studies in one of the most important agroforestry systems across the Mediterranean, dehesa. The first study (Chapter 4) is located in a dehesa in Hinojosa del Duque in C\u00f3rdoba, Spain: Dehesa is an agro-silvo-pastoral system which combines open land and low density trees (holm oaks). In this first study we investigated two adjacent dehesas on the same soil type but different characteristics. One was a pastureland with young holm oaks (planted in 1995 with a density of 70 trees ha\u22121 at 12 m x 12 m spacing. The area had been grazed by Merino sheep since 2000, at a grazing rate of 3 sheep per hectare. The second, adjacent area is a cultivated pasture with mature oaks with a minimum age of 90-100 years widely spaced (1.2 trees ha\u22121). Every three years, a mixture of peas and oats is grown for hay. Tillage is used for the preparation of this seeding except in the immediate vicinity (about 0.3-0.4 m) of the tree trunk. The first dehesa at higher tree density was part of this second dehesa, and so both had the same characteristics until year 1995. Both dehesas were sampled simultaneously in 2017. Sampling points were taken under and outside the canopy projection up to a maximum depth of 100 cm divided into 8 sections (0-2 cm, 2-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm, and 80- 100 cm). The results showed that a change in dehesa type from an old low density dehesa combining pasture with seeding every 3 years to a one only pastured with increased tree growth (70 trees ha), showed no significant differences in carbon concentration after 22 years\u2019 sicen implanting the more dense dehesa. A clear stratification of carbon was observed in the soil profile, particularly in the top 10 cm of the soil, as well as an effect of the adult tree which resulted in a higher concentration under the tree canopy in the middle soil depth section (20-40 cm) in the mature dehesa. Significant difference in carbon stock was only observed in the top 0-2 cm (5.86\u00b10.56 t ha1 vs 3.24\u00b10.37 t ha1, been higher in the newly planted dehesa. To our knowledge this is the first study evaluating in dehesa the distribution of soil organic carbon into this four (unprotected and physically, chemically and biochemically protected) fractions. Our results showed how most of the carbon in the two dehesas was stored in the unprotected fraction, been its relative contribution higher in the top 0-2 cm o the pastured dehesa and in the below canopy area of the mature trees in the cropped dehesa. This indicates that much of the fraction contained in these soils is particularly vulnerable to hypothetical changes to less sustainable managements. The second study in dehesa (Chapter 5) was located in the municipality of Pozoblanco in the north of the province of Cordoba. In this area three areas of continuous extensive grazing for more than 50 years with cattle, sheep, and pigs were identified, and three areas with different intensity were studied. These areas were: I) Intensive grazing management. II) moderate grazing management and III) no grazing (area excluded for more than 20 years). Sampling points were taken at each of the three areas up to a maximum depth of 30 cm divided into 5 sections (0-2 cm, 2-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm). Concentrations at different grazing intensities showed, as expected, higher carbon concentrations at the surface soil layer (0-2 cm) average of 1.59\u00b10.44%, decreasing to 0.48\u00b10.15% in the deeper section of the soil profile at 20-30 cm. Contradicting our initial hypothesis, no differences in soil organic carbon concentration were detected among the three areas with different grazing intensities, The total carbon stock was analyzed in the whole soil profile (0-30 cm), indicating non significant differences among the two grazed areas, average value of 27 t ha\u22121, or the area without grazing 26 t ha\u22121. As in the previous dehesa, the dominant fraction was the unprotected carbon. However, in this case the relative differences in the soil organic carbon concentration between the unprotected fraction and the physically and the chemically protected fractions was larger than in the first dehesa, particularly because the protected fractions tended to show a higher concentration than in the dehesa studied in Chapter 4. Using the empirical results from the study of the second dehesa, we developed a spectral library and predictive equations of concentration of soil organic carbon using Vis-NIR (Chapter 6) from this dataset. The accuracy of the SOC predictive models was very good, with R2 higher than 0.95 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) higher than 4.54, respectively. Refinement of VIS-NIR techniques, such as the one discussed in Chapter 6, could increase our ability to provide more affordable and robust technologies to measure large numbers of samples with the required accuracy, although it is less clear how to address other important sources of variability, such as soil depth, soil type, bulk density, and rock content. To reduce this uncertainty will be of great relevance to continue performing detailed experiments to better quantify on the effect of land use and cropping systems on soil organic carbon content, such as those described in chapters 3, 5 and 5. To date, these experiments are irreplaceable to test specific hypothesis relevant at local level (like the time to increase soil organic carbon stock after planting at higher density, Chapter 4), but also to create a corpus of available data which could improve, or lead to new ones, conceptual or numerical simulation models that can systematize our understanding of the soil organic carbon cycle and eventually reduce the need for large-scale sampling to verify the evolution of soil organic carbon in agricultural systems.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Soil organic carbon", "11. Sustainability", "Agricultural systems", "15. Life on land", "Agroforestry", "Land-use", "Organic carbon", "Forest systems", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Reyna-Bowen, Lizardo", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/21088"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/21088", "name": "item", "description": "oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/21088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/21088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "PMC10346452", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:30:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-29", "title": "Organic Carbon, Nitrogen Accumulation and Nitrogen Leaching as Affected by Legume Crop Residues on Sandy Loam in the Eastern Baltic Region", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>Legumes have a wide range of positive effects on soil properties, including nitrogen and carbon storage, soil structure and the phytosanitary condition of crops. From an agronomic point of view, legumes are most valued for their ability to take up atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of legume residues (peas, fodder beans, narrow-leaved lupins) on the N (Ntotal) and organic carbon (Corg) accumulation in soil and N leaching under temperate climate conditions. The experiment was carried out in lysimetric equipment in 2016\u20132023. The effect of legumes on Corg and Ntotal accumulation in soil and N leaching were studied in a Fabaceae\u2013Cereals sequence. Three species of legumes\u2014peas, fodder beans and narrow-leaved lupines\u2014were tested; spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was grown as a control treatment. The lysimeter surface area was 1.75 m2 and the experimental soil layer was 0.60 m (sand loam Haplic Luvisol). It was found that after harvesting, more residues were incorporated into the soil with lupines (p &lt; 0.05), which, compared to pea and bean residues, increased Ntotal and Corg concentrations in the soil. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.95) between the Ntotal concentration in the soil and the N amount incorporated with residues. Mineral N released during residue decomposition was leached from the humic horizon under conditions of excess moisture in the autumn\u2013winter period and increased the nitrate concentration in the lysimeter water. The increase in concentration was recorded within 5 to 6 months after the application of the residues. As a result, the N leaching losses increased on average by 24.7\u201333.2% (p &lt; 0.05) during the year of legume cultivation. In the following year, after legume residue incorporation, the effect of residues on nitrate concentration and N leaching decreased and did not differ significantly from that of barley residues.</p></article>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "leaching", "below-ground biomass", "organic carbon", "QK1-989", "Botany", "nitrogen; organic carbon; leaching; above-ground biomass; below-ground biomass", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "Article", "above-ground biomass"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tripolskaja, Liudmila, Kazlauskaite-Jadzevice, Asta, Razukas, Almantas,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/13/2478/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/13/2478/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC10346452"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plants", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC10346452", "name": "item", "description": "PMC10346452", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC10346452"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/eap.1648", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Crop rotations for increased soil carbon: perenniality as a guiding principle", "description": "Abstract<p>More diverse crop rotations have been promoted for their potential to remediate the range of ecosystem services compromised by biologically simplified grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90based agroecosystems, including increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). We hypothesized that functional diversity offers a more predictive means of characterizing the impact of crop rotations on SOC concentrations than species diversity per se. Furthermore, we hypothesized that functional diversity can either increase or decrease SOC depending on its associated carbon (C) input to soil. We compiled a database of 27 cropping system sites and 169 cropping systems, recorded the species and functional diversity of crop rotations, SOC concentrations (g C kg/soil), nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications (kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and estimated C input to soil (Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). We categorized crop rotations into three broad categories: grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, grain rotations with cover crops, and grain rotations with perennial crops. We divided the grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations into two sub\uffe2\uff80\uff90categories: cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations and those that included both cereals and a legume grain. We compared changes in SOC and C input using mean effect sizes and 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. Cover cropped and perennial cropped rotations, relative to grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, increased C input by 42% and 23% and SOC concentrations by 6.3% and 12.5%, respectively. Within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations, cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations decreased total C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9216%), root C input (\uffe2\uff88\uff9212%), and SOC (\uffe2\uff88\uff925.3%) relative to cereal\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. We found no effect of species diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only rotations. N fertilizer rates mediated the effect of functional diversity on SOC within grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90only crop rotations: at low N fertilizer rates (\uffe2\uff89\uffa475\uffc2\uffa0kg N\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffb7yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), the decrease in SOC with cereal\uffc2\uffa0+\uffc2\uffa0legume grain rotations was less than at high N fertilizer rates. Our results show that increasing the functional diversity of crop rotations is more likely to increase SOC concentrations if it is accompanied by an increase in C input. Functionally diverse perennial and cover cropped rotations increased both C input and SOC concentrations, potentially by exploiting niches in time that would otherwise be unproductive, that is, increasing the \uffe2\uff80\uff9cperenniality\uffe2\uff80\uff9d of crop rotations.</p>", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Science", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Agriculture", "Fabaceae", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "functional diversity", "Poaceae", "sustainable agriculture", "Soil", "meta\u2010analysis", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cover crops", "soil carbon", "Organic Chemicals", "perennials", "Fertilizers", "nitrogen fertilizer", "biodiversity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecological%20Applications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/eap.1648", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/eap.1648", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/eap.1648"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "02F23B5B-5FB8-48BA-ADDA-7ECA7481C4DE", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "National"}], "scheme": "https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/SpatialScope"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "MensMeu"}], "scheme": "Source"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Germany"}], "scheme": "http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/country"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "organic carbon"}], "scheme": "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_330883"}], "updated": "2007-01-01", "type": "Dataset", "created": "01-01-2007", "language": "ger", "title": "Organic matter content in topsoils of Germany", "description": "Organic Matter Content of Top-Soils in Germany 1:1,000,000", "formats": [{"name": "ogc:wms"}, {"name": "application/shp"}, {"name": "canonical"}], "keywords": ["soil type", "basic soil properties", "National", "MensMeu", "Germany", "organic carbon"], "contacts": [{"name": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)", "organization": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)", "position": "Technischer Ansprechpartner", "roles": ["distributor"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "geodatenmanagement@bgr.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Stilleweg 2"], "city": "Hannover", "administrativeArea": "DE-NI", "postalCode": "30655", "country": "DE"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://www.bgr.bund.de/humus1000ob", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Palo di Florian", "organization": "Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "Florian.Stange@bgr.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": null, "name_url": "", "description": null, "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/humus1000ob/?", "name": "0", "description": "Die Karte der Gehalte an organischer Substanz in Oberb\u00f6den Deutschlands 1:1.000.000 visualisiert die Ergebnisse der deutschlandweiten Zusammenstellung von typischen Gehalten an organischer Substanz der Oberb\u00f6den differenziert nach 15 Bodenausgangsgesteinsgruppen, der Landnutzung und vier Klimaregionen. Die Auswertung basiert auf mehr als 9000 Bodenprofilen, zu denen qualit\u00e4tsgesicherte Daten zur organischen Substanz aus einem zwanzigj\u00e4hrigen Zeitraum vorlagen. Das methodische Vorgehen ist in dem Bericht 'Gehalte an organischer Substanz in Oberb\u00f6den Deutschlands', BGR Archiv, Nr. 0127036 dokumentiert. Die in der Karte dargestellten Klassen entsprechen der Klasseneinteilung in der Bodenkundlichen Kartieranleitung (KA5), wobei die Klassen h2\u2013h5 der KA5 jeweils in der Klassenmitte geteilt wurden. Damit gibt die Karte insbesondere in den Klassen geringer Gehalte ein differenzierteres Bild wider. Die Version 2.0 basiert auf den topographischen Grundlagen der Digitalen Topographischen Karte 1:1.000.000 (DTK1000-V) des Bundesamtes f\u00fcr Kartographie und Geod\u00e4sie, welche von der BGR in Teilen modifiziert wurde.", "protocol": "ogc:wms", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://download.bgr.de/bgr/Boden/HUMUS1000OB/shp/humus1000_ob_v20.zip", "name": "SHP", "protocol": "application/shp", "rel": null}, {"href": "https://github.com/ejpsoil/ejpsoildatahub/tree/main/datasets/mensmeu/Germany/02F23B5B-5FB8-48BA-ADDA-7ECA7481.yml", "name": "Source of the record", "protocol": "canonical", "rel": "canonical"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "02F23B5B-5FB8-48BA-ADDA-7ECA7481C4DE", "name": "item", "description": "02F23B5B-5FB8-48BA-ADDA-7ECA7481C4DE", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/02F23B5B-5FB8-48BA-ADDA-7ECA7481C4DE"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "076db4e8-11a9-4262-b6aa-cfa703a3c0af", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-180.0, -56.0], [-180.0, 84.0], [180.0, 84.0], [180.0, -56.0], [-180.0, -56.0]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2021-07-14T11:52:35", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "SoilGrids250m 2017-03 - Soil organic carbon content (fine earth fraction)", "description": "Soil organic carbon content (fine earth fraction) in g per kg at 7 standard depths predicted using the global compilation of soil ground observations. Accuracy assessement of the maps is availble in Hengl et at. (2017) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169748. Data provided as GeoTIFFs with internal compression (co='COMPRESS=DEFLATE'). Measurement units: g / kg.", "formats": [{"name": "GTiff"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["organic carbon", "digital soil mapping", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Bas Kempen", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Soil mapping specialist", "roles": ["Principal investigator"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "bas.kempen@wur.nl"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Tom Hengl", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Former staff", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "None"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}], "distancevalue": "250", "distanceuom": "m"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl1_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 0 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl2_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 5 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl3_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 15 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl4_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 30 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl5_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 60 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl6_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 100 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/former/2017-03-10/data/ORCDRC_M_sl7_250m_ll.tif", "name": "Download GeoTIFF at depth 200 cm", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169748", "name": "Scientific paper", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/explore/soilgrids/faq-soilgrids-2017", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/sg250m/48.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "076db4e8-11a9-4262-b6aa-cfa703a3c0af", "name": "item", "description": "076db4e8-11a9-4262-b6aa-cfa703a3c0af", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/076db4e8-11a9-4262-b6aa-cfa703a3c0af"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1950-01-01T00:00:00Z", "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, 90.0], [180.0, 90.0], [180.0, -90.0], [-180.0, -90.0]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "geoscientificInformation"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil science"}], "scheme": "Stratum"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Global"}], "scheme": "Region"}], "updated": "2025-02-05T10:34:26", "type": "Dataset", "language": "eng", "title": "A homogenized soil data file for global environmental research: A subset of FAO, ISRIC and NRCS profiles", "description": "A homogenized, global set of 1,125 soil profiles is presented. These profiles have been extracted from the database developed at ISRIC for a project on \"World Inventory of Soil Emission Potentials\" (WISE), as a contribution to the activities of the Global Soils Data Task Group of IGBP-DIS. The subset consists of a selection of 665 profiles originating from digital data files released by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS, Lincoln), 250 profiles obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, Rome), and 210 profiles from the reference collection of the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC, Wageningen). All profiles are georeferenced and classified in the FAO-Unesco Legend whereby they can be linked to the edited and digital version of the FAO-Unesco Soil Map of the World. This data set is being released in the public domain for use by global modellers and other interested scientists. It is envisaged that the data set will be expanded by ISRIC when new, uniform soil profile data become available.\n\nNote: \na) A more recent version (some 10,000 profiles) of WISE profiles is available at: http://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/a351682c-330a-4995-a5a1-57ad160e621c (2009)\nb) For a larger compilation see the WoSIS database: http://isric.org/explore/wosis (2017)", "formats": [{"name": "zip"}, {"name": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download"}, {"name": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related"}], "keywords": ["calcium", "carbon", "cation exchange capacity", "electrical conductivity", "nitrogen", "organic carbon", "bulk density", "soil classification", "soil depth", "soil profiles", "pH", "salinity", "texture", "water holding capacity", "soil profiles", "nutrients", "Soil science", "Global"], "contacts": [{"name": "Niels Batjes", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information", "position": "Senior Soil Scientist", "roles": ["Author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "niels.batjes@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["PO Box 353"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6700AJ", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Eloi Ribeiro", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": "Geoinformatic", "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["P.O. Box 47"], "city": "Wageningen", "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": "6708 PB", "country": "Netherlands"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data info desk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": null, "roles": ["custodian"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Data info desk", "organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "position": null, "roles": ["pointOfContact"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "data@isric.org"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "distancevalue": "30", "distanceuom": "arc-second"}, "links": [{"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/wise/ISRIC_report_1995_10b.zip", "name": "Download", "protocol": "WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-ftp--download", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://www.isric.org/documents/document-type/isric-report-199510b-homogenized-soil-data-file-global-environmental", "name": "Project webpage", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://files.isric.org/public/thumbnails/wise/ISRIC-WISE_Internat_Soil_Prof_Data_Set_c.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "name": "item", "description": "0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/0f85c381-e496-47d9-89d8-f1fe2ee1a517"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"interval": ["1950-01-01T00:00:00Z", "1995-07-01T00:00:00Z"]}}, {"id": "10.1002/9781118635797.ch8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:17Z", "title": "Biofuel Crops And Soil Quality And Erosion", "description": "Biofuel or energy crop production aims at maximizing the carbon (C) harvest for conversion into fuel. Since soils are involved in the processing chain the question, however, is if this conversion can be done without compromising soil quality. In this chapter we discuss the soil quality aspect of biofuel production. The production of biofuel crops might simultaneously affect a combination of soil properties and stipulating severe human-driven soil quality threats, out of which the decline of soil organic matter (SOM), the increase of erosion risks, and on and off-site pollution and nutrient losses are the most pronounced. We consider the differences between annual and perennial crops out of the effects of management and land-use change (LUC), including an issue of soil organic carbon (SOC) budget and sustainable removal of crop residues for energy production. Consequently, we discuss soil quality under biofuel crop production as affected by these threats to provide essential soil services. The challenges of the soil quality aspect of sustainable biofuel crop production, which include by-product management, soil remediation potential, and utilization of idle and degraded soils for biofuels, are also covered by this chapter", "keywords": ["soil erosion", "soil organic carbon (SOC)", "biofuel crops", "biofuel production", "soil quality", "land-use change (LUC)", "sustainability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118635797.ch8"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/9781118635797.ch8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/9781118635797.ch8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/9781118635797.ch8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ppp.2230", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:28Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-06-18", "title": "A Third of Organic Carbon Is Mineral Bound in Permafrost Sediments Exposed by the World's Largest Thaw Slump, Batagay, Siberia", "description": "ABSTRACT<p>Organic carbon (OC) in permafrost interacts with the mineral fraction of soil and sediments, representing &lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff891% to ~80% of the total OC pool. Quantifying the nature and controls of mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93OC interactions is therefore crucial for realistic assessments of permafrost\uffe2\uff80\uff90carbon\uffe2\uff80\uff90climate feedbacks, especially in ice\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich regions facing rapid thaw and the development of thermo\uffe2\uff80\uff90erosion landforms. Here, we analyzed sediment samples from the Batagay megaslump in East Siberia, and we present total element concentrations, mineralogy, and mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93OC interactions in its different stratigraphic units. Our findings indicate that up to 34\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff898% of the OC pool interacts with mineral surfaces or elements. Interglacial deposits exhibit enhanced OC\uffe2\uff80\uff93mineral interactions, where OC has undergone greater microbial transformation and has likely low degradability. We provide a first\uffe2\uff80\uff90order estimate of ~12,000 tons of OC mobilized annually downslope of the headwall (i.e., the approximate mass of 30 large aircrafts), with a maximum of 38% interacting with OC via complexation with metals or associations to poorly crystalline iron oxides. These data imply that over one\uffe2\uff80\uff90third of the OC exposed by the slump is not readily available for mineralization, potentially leading to prolonged OC residence time in soil and sediments under stable physicochemical conditions.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "mineral-organic carbon interactions", "03 medical and health sciences", "iron", "retrogressive thaw slumps", "13. Climate action", "thermo-erosion", "Batagay", "15. Life on land", "headwall", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2230"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Permafrost%20and%20Periglacial%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ppp.2230", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ppp.2230", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ppp.2230"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.917", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-31", "title": "Effects Of Soil-Protecting Agricultural Practices On Soil Organic Carbon And Productivity In Fruit Tree Orchards", "description": "Abstract<p>This 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90year on\uffe2\uff80\uff90farm study reports the effects of different agricultural practices on yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) in kiwifruit and apricot orchards grown in a Mediterranean area. Groups of plants under local orchard management (LOM,\uffc2\uffa7<p>Correction made here after initial publication.</p> ) practices (i.e. soil tillage, removing of pruning residues and mineral fertilisers) were compared with plots under soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90protecting orchard management (SPOM) actions (i.e. cover crop, no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage, compost application and mulching of pruning residues). In the SPOM blocks fertilisation rate was based on plant demand and irrigation volumes calculated on the evapotranspiration values, while they were empirically calculated in the LOM plots. Results show that yield was 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9350 per cent enhanced by SPOM practices while SOC remained close to the initial values. In comparison with LOM plots, changed practices increased up to 28\uffe2\uff80\uff9390 per cent the amount of P and K, and 13 per cent that of N annually incorporated into soil increasing their reservoir in the soil. The study demonstrates that appropriate land management can increase the mean annual carbon soil inputs from about 1\uffc2\uffb75 to 9\uffc2\uffb70\uffe2\uff80\uff89t\uffe2\uff80\uff89ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 per year. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil organic carbon", "Crop residues; land use; organic matter; soil carbon input; SOC; Mediterranean soil; soil organic carbon", "Crop residue", "land use", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil carbon input", "SOC", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mediterranean soil", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.917"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.917", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.917", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.917"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/lno.11606", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-09-25", "title": "The relevance of environment vs. composition on dissolved organic matter degradation in freshwaters", "description": "Abstract<p>Dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition exerts a direct control on its degradation and subsequent persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Yet, under certain conditions, the degradation patterns of DOM cannot be solely explained by its composition, highlighting the relevance of environmental conditions for DOM degradation. Here, we experimentally assessed the relative influence of composition vs. environment on DOM degradation by performing degradation bioassays using three contrasting DOM sources inoculated with a standardized bacterial inoculum under five distinct environments. The DOM degradation kinetics modeled using reactivity continuum models showed that composition was more important than environment in determining the bulk DOM decay patterns. Changes in DOM composition resulted from the interaction between DOM source and environment. The role of environment was stronger on shaping the bacterial community composition, but the intrinsic nature of the DOM source exerted stronger control on the DOM degradation function.</p", "keywords": ["LAKES", "0301 basic medicine", "550", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Oceanografi", " hydrologi och vattenresurser", "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION", "CARBON", "River sediments", "Oceanography", " Hydrology and Water Resources", "03 medical and health sciences", "Compostos org\u00e0nics", "[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[CHIM] Chemical Sciences", "Organic compounds", "RIVER", "[CHIM]Chemical Sciences", "14. Life underwater", "DOM", "Ecologia fluvial", "0303 health sciences", "MOLECULAR SIGNATURES", "PERSISTENCE", "Sediments fluvials", "SHIFTS", "6. Clean water", "Stream ecology", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY", "13. Climate action", "PATTERNS", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Limnology%20and%20Oceanography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/lno.11606", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/lno.11606", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/lno.11606"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/lom3.10364", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-06-05", "title": "An international laboratory comparison of dissolved organic matter composition by high resolution mass spectrometry: Are we getting the same answer?", "description": "Abstract<p>High\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become a vital tool for dissolved organic matter (DOM) characterization. The upward trend in HRMS analysis of DOM presents challenges in data comparison and interpretation among laboratories operating instruments with differing performance and user operating conditions. It is therefore essential that the community establishes metric ranges and compositional trends for data comparison with reference samples so that data can be robustly compared among research groups. To this end, four identically prepared DOM samples were each measured by 16 laboratories, using 17 commercially purchased instruments, using positive\uffe2\uff80\uff90ion and negative\uffe2\uff80\uff90ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) HRMS analyses. The instruments identified ~1000 common ions in both negative\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and positive\uffe2\uff80\uff90ion modes over a wide range of m/z values and chemical space, as determined by van Krevelen diagrams. Calculated metrics of abundance\uffe2\uff80\uff90weighted average indices (H/C, O/C, aromaticity, and m/z) of the commonly detected ions showed that hydrogen saturation and aromaticity were consistent for each reference sample across the instruments, while average mass and oxygenation were more affected by differences in instrument type and settings. In this paper we present 32 metric values for future benchmarking. The metric values were obtained for the four different parameters from four samples in two ionization modes and can be used in future work to evaluate the performance of HRMS instruments.</p", "keywords": ["STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION", "ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION", "PONY LAKE", "550", "FTICR-MS", "Characterization", "Pony lake", "Marine Biology", "Oceanografi", " hydrologi och vattenresurser", "01 natural sciences", "Electrospray ionization", "River sediments", "Oceanography", " Hydrology and Water Resources", "Compostos org\u00e0nics", "[CHIM] Chemical Sciences", "Organic compounds", "RIVER", "Atmospheric pressure photoionization", "[CHIM]Chemical Sciences", "MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "River", "Marine", "Fulvic acids", "Sediments fluvials", "Molecular", "ESI-MS", "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology", "Structural characterization", "620", "0104 chemical sciences", "FULVIC-ACIDS", "13. Climate action", "ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PHOTOIONIZATION", "MARINE", "Fresh Water Studies"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lom3.10364"}, {"href": "https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/chemistry_fac_pubs/article/1185/viewcontent/Hatcher_2020_AnInternationalLaboratoryComparisonofDissolvedOCR.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10364"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Limnology%20and%20Oceanography%3A%20Methods", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/lom3.10364", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/lom3.10364", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/lom3.10364"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ppp.2162", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-25", "title": "Thermokarst processes increase the supply of stabilizing surfaces and elements (Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca) for mineral\u2013organic carbon interactions", "description": "Abstract<p>The stabilizing properties of mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93organic carbon (OC) interactions have been studied in many soil environments (temperate soils, podzol lateritic soils, and paddy soils). Recently, interest in their role in permafrost regions is increasing as permafrost was identified as a hotspot of change. In thawing ice\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich permafrost regions, such as the Yedoma domain, 327\uffe2\uff80\uff93466 Gt of frozen OC is buried in deep sediments. Interactions between minerals and OC are important because OC is located very near the mineral matrix. Mineral surfaces and elements could mitigate recent and future greenhouse gas emissions through physical and/or physicochemical protection of OC. The dynamic changes in redox and pH conditions associated with thermokarst lake formation and drainage trigger metal\uffe2\uff80\uff90oxide dissolution and precipitation, likely influencing OC stabilization and microbial mineralization. However, the influence of thermokarst processes on mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93OC interactions remains poorly constrained. In this study, we aim to characterize Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca minerals and their potential protective role for OC. Total and selective extractions were used to assess the crystalline and amorphous oxides or complexed metal pools as well as the organic acids found within these pools. We analyzed four sediment cores from an ice\uffe2\uff80\uff90rich permafrost area in Central Yakutia, which were drilled (i) in undisturbed Yedoma uplands, (ii) beneath a recent lake formed within Yedoma deposits, (iii) in a drained thermokarst lake basin, and (iv) beneath a mature thermokarst lake from the early Holocene period. We find a decrease in the amount of reactive Fe, Mn, Al, and Ca in the deposits on lake formation (promoting reduction reactions), and this was largely balanced by an increase in the amount of reactive metals in the deposits on lake drainage (promoting oxidation reactions). We demonstrate an increase in the metal to C molar ratio on thermokarst process, which may indicate an increase in metal\uffe2\uff80\uff93C bindings and could provide a higher protective role against microbial mineralization of organic matter. Finally, we find that an increase in mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93OC interactions corresponded to a decrease in CO2 and CH4 gas emissions on thermokarst process. Mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff93OC interactions could mitigate greenhouse gas production from permafrost thaw as soon as lake drainage occurs.</p", "keywords": ["Yedoma", "ddc:550", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "redox processes", "Arctic", "organic carbon stabilization", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Institut f\u00fcr Geowissenschaften", "thaw", "permafrost", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ppp.2162"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2162"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Permafrost%20and%20Periglacial%20Processes", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ppp.2162", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ppp.2162", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ppp.2162"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/bf00337211", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-10-29", "title": "Changes In Soil Organic-Matter And Net Nitrogen Mineralization In Heathland Soils, After Removal, Addition Or Replacement Of Litter From Erica-Tetralix Or Molinia-Caerulea", "description": "The effects of different litter input rates and of different types of litter on soil organic matter accumulation and net N mineralization were investigated in plant communities dominated by Erica tetralix L. or Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench. Plots in which the litter on the soil had repeatedly been removed were compared with plots in the same plant community in which litter had been added to the soil. In another treatment, litter was removed and replaced by litter from the other plant community. Net N mineralization was measured in situ after 5 years. Less soil organic matter and soil N was found in plots in which litter had been removed, compared with control plots, or plots to which litter had been added, but these differences were significant for the Erica sp. soils only. Plots in which litter had been replaced and control plots did not differ significantly in the amount of soil organic matter. However, in both plant communities, the differences agreed with the faster decomposition rate of Molinia sp. litter compared with Erica sp. litter. The gravimetric soil moisture content was correlated positively with the amount of soil organic matter, both in the Erica sp. soils and the Molinia sp. soils. Net N mineralization rates (g N m-2) differed significantly between treatments for Erica sp. soils but no for Molinia sp. soils. For Erica sp. soils, net N mineralization rates increased with increasing amounts of soil organic matter and soil N. Replacing the litter with Molinia sp. litter (which differs in chemical composition) had no clear additional effect on the net N mineralization rate.", "keywords": ["heathland soils", "soil chemistry", "soil water", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineralization", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "organic compounds", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00337211"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/bf00337211", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/bf00337211", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/bf00337211"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1993-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.05.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-19", "title": "Tensile Strength And Organic Carbon Of Soil Aggregates Under Long-Term No Tillage In Semiarid Aragon (Ne Spain)", "description": "Open AccessThis research was supported by the Comisi\u00f3n Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda of Spain (grants AGL2010-22050-CO3-02/AGR and AGL2007-66320-C02-02/AGR) and the European Union (FEDER funds). N. Blanco-Moure was awarded with a FPI fellowship by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Aggregate strength", "Soil organic carbon", "Rupture energy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Dryland cereal farming", "15. Life on land", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.05.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.05.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.05.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.05.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-22", "title": "Response Of Organic And Inorganic Carbon And Nitrogen To Long-Term Grazing Of The Shortgrass Steppe", "description": "We investigated the influence of long-term (56 years) grazing on organic and inorganic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of the plant-soil system (to 90 cm depth) in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Grazing treatments included continuous season-long (May-October) grazing by yearling heifers at heavy (60-75% utilization) and light (20-35% utilization) stocking rates, and nongrazed exclosures. The heavy stocking rate resulted in a plant community that was dominated (75% of biomass production) by the C4 grass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), whereas excluding livestock grazing increased the production of C3 grasses and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha). Soil organic C (SOC) and organic N were not significantly different between the light grazing and nongrazed treatments, whereas the heavy grazing treatment was 7.5 Mg ha(-1) higher in SOC than the nongrazed treatment. Lower ratios of net mineralized N to total organic N in both grazed compared to nongrazed treatments suggest that long-term grazing decreased the readily mineralizable fraction of soil organic matter. Heavy grazing affected soil inorganic C (SIC) more than the SOC. The heavy grazing treatment was 23.8 Mg ha(-1) higher in total soil C (0-90 cm) than the nongrazed treatment, with 68% (16.3 Mg ha(-1)) attributable to higher SIC, and 32% (7.5 Mg ha(-1)) to higher SOC. These results emphasize the importance in semiarid and arid ecosystems of including inorganic C in assessments of the mass and distribution of plant-soil C and in evaluations of the impacts of grazing management on C sequestration.", "keywords": ["Cactaceae", "2. Zero hunger", "Colorado", "Nitrogen", "Feeding Behavior", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "01 natural sciences", "Carbon", "Soil", "Animals", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Biomass", "Desert Climate", "Organic Chemicals", "Plants", " Edible", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jack A. Morgan, Daniel R. LeCain, Gerald E. Schuman, Jean D. Reeder,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00267-003-9106-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-23T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-02-13", "title": "Impact Of A Change In Tillage And Crop Residue Management Practice On Soil Chemical And Microbiological Properties In A Cereal-Producing Red Duplex Soil In Nsw, Australia", "description": "The effect of a change of tillage and crop residue management practice on the chemical and microbiological properties of a cereal-producing red duplex soil was investigated by superimposing each of three management practices (CC: conventional cultivation, stubble burnt, crop conventionally sown; DD: direct-drilling, stubble retained, no cultivation, crop direct-drilled; SI: stubble incorporated with a single cultivation, crop conventionally sown), for a 3-year period on plots previously managed with each of the same three practices for 14 years. A change from DD to CC or SI practice resulted in a significant decline, in the top 0\u20135 cm of soil, in organic C, total N, electrical conductivity, NH4-N, NO3-N, soil moisture holding capacity, microbial biomass and CO2 respiration as well as a decline in the microbial quotient (the ratio of microbial biomass C to organic C; P  0.05). However, there was a significant increase in microbial biomass and the microbial quotient in the top 0\u20135 cm of soil following the change from CC to DD or SI practice and with the change from SI to DD practice (P <0.05). Analysis of ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters (EL-FAMEs) extracted from the 0- to 5-cm and 5- to 10-cm layers of the soils of the various treatments detected changes in the FAME profiles following a change in tillage practice. A change from DD practice to SI or CC practice was associated with a significant decline in the ratio of fungal to bacterial fatty acids in the 0- to 5-cm soil (P <0.05). The results show that a change in tillage practice, particularly the cultivation of a previously minimum-tilled (direct-drilled) soil, will result in significant changes in soil chemical and microbiological properties within a 3-year period. They also show that soil microbiological properties are sensitive indicators of a change in tillage practice.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "biomass", "cellular organisms", "microbiology", "Australia", "Microbial biomass", "duplex", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Fatty acid methyl esters", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Stubble retention", "Tillage", "crop residue", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic C", "Bacteria (microorganisms)", "management practice"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-002-0459-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s00374-014-0952-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-08-29", "title": "Nitrous Oxide And Methane Emissions From A Vetch Cropping Season Are Changed By Long-Term Tillage Practices In A Mediterranean Agroecosystem", "description": "Lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from legume-based cropping systems have encouraged their use to deliver mitigation in agricultural systems. Considerable uncertainties remain about the interaction of legumes with long-term tillage systems on GHG emissions under rainfed agroecosystems. In this context, a field experiment was undertaken under a rainfed vetch crop to evaluate the effect of three long-term tillage systems (i.e. no tillage (NT), minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT)) on nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions for 1 year. Different N2O flux patterns were observed among tillage systems during the growth period of vetch, which depended on the soil conditions favouring nitrification and denitrification. The NT system maintained a higher sink for N2O than MT and CT from January to mid-April, which significantly reduced N2O emissions at this stage. In this period, denitrification capacity and nirK gene numbers were higher for MT than NT and CT. Additionally, an increase in soil NO\u2212 3 content and more favourable denitrification conditions in MT and NT than in CT for the last crop period increased N2O emissions in conservation tillage systems. Total annual N2O losses were significantly higher in MT (124.2 g N2O\u2013N ha\u22121) than NT (51.1 g N2O\u2013N ha\u22121) and CT (54 g N2O\u2013N ha\u22121) in a vetch crop. Low net uptake of CH4 was observed for all tillage systems. These results suggested that long-term NT may be a better option thanMT to mitigate GHG emissions in rainfed legume-cereal rotation. \u00a9 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "Soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NirK", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Long-term tillage", "Methane", "Vetch crop"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-014-0952-5"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s00374-014-0952-5", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s00374-014-0952-5", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s00374-014-0952-5"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-08-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-02-18", "title": "The influence of tree and soil management on soil organic carbon stock and pools in dehesa systems", "description": "Open AccessThis work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), RTA2014-00063-C04-03 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU\u2014FEDER funds, whose support is gratefully acknowledged.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Fractions agroforestry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Grazing", "Shift from cultivation to grazing", "Crop rotation", "Tree plantation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic carbon fractions", "Agroforestry", "Organic carbon", "Holm oak"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lizardo Reyna-Bowen, Lizardo Reyna-Bowen, Jes\u00fas Fern\u00e1ndez-Habas, Pilar Fern\u00e1ndez-Rebollo, Jos\u00e9 A. G\u00f3mez,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104511"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.10.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-09", "title": "Tillage And Crop Rotation Effects On Barley Yield And Soil Nutrients On A Calciortidic Haploxeralf", "description": "Reduced tillage with appropriate crop rotation could increase the viability of dry land agriculture in semiarid zones. The effects of tillage and crop rotation on soil physico-chemical properties, soil organic carbon (SOC) and N have been studied widely in long and short-term experiments. However, their effects on nutrient levels and fertility losses have not been extensively studied in Mediterranean soils. We determined SOC, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn distribution in the soil profile and in plant uptake, on a Calciortidic Haploxeralf in Spain. Three tillage systems [CT, conventional tillage (mouldboard plow); MT, minimum tillage and NT, no tillage] and three crop rotations [BB, continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare v. Tipper), FB, fallow-barley and VB, vetch (Vicia sativa v. Muza)-barley] were compared. SOC and N were higher for CT than for MT and NT in the first year, but higher for NT and MT than CT in the next years. In the 0-15 cm depth, SOC and N in NT also became higher than in MT for the fourth crop season. In the 15-30 depths, NT and MT had also higher SOC than CT since the second year. However, NT had only higher N than MT after three crop seasons. The increase in SOC was 75% for NT and MT while CT had a decrease of 17% in the 0-15 cm layer. The increase in N was 154% for NT, 108% for MT and 30% for CT in the upper 15 cm. NT had higher P, K and Cu than MT and higher P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn than CT in the upper layers due to the higher SOC level and to the fact that these systems maintain surface-applied K and P fertilizer. On the other hand, neither SOC nor N were affected by crop rotation. Tillage and rotation interactions were not significant for SOC, N and, in general, nutrient levels in the different soil depths. In general, the main factor that affected SOC, N and nutrients was tillage, which had reduced influence with depth. Highest yield was for CT-FB and CT-VB, but not different from NT-FB and NT-VB, meanwhile highest nutrient levels were obtained for interactions that included NT. These results suggest that NT, and to a lesser extend MT, preserved SOC and nutrient levels in the upper layers and, with NT-VB and NT-FB interaction, could also obtain high yields and keep soil fertility in the upper depths during the first 4 years. \u00a9 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Crop rotation", "Soil organic carbon", "Nitrogen", "Potassium", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Phosphorus", "Micronutrients", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.10.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.10.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.10.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.10.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-20", "title": "Changes In Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Following Tillage Conversion In A Long-Term Experiment In Northern France", "description": "Although continuous no-till (NT) is recommended for erosion control and carbon sequestration, it often has a limited duration since farmers alternate between NT and full inversion tillage (FIT) to control weed infestation and avoid soil compaction. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of continuous tillage and tillage conversion of NT to FIT and vice versa on SOC and SON stocks, in a long-term experiment at Boigneville in Northern France. Continuous NT (CNT) and FIT (CFIT) treatments were established in 1991 and maintained until 2011 while half of the plots were converted in 2005: from CNT to new FIT (NFIT) and CFIT to new NT (NNT). Bulk densities and organic C and N contents were determined in 2001 and 2011 down to the old ploughing depth (opd) which was also measured. SOC and SON stocks were calculated at equivalent soil mass by correcting either bulk densities or the opd. Both methods produced very close results and similar conclusions. A typical gradient of SOC and SON concentrations vs depth was observed in CNT as opposed to a rather uniform distribution in CFIT. CNT resulted in SOC concentration in the top soil (0-5 cm) higher by 38% in 2001 and 53% in 2011 compared to CFIT. Conversely, it led to a SOC reduction in the deeper layer (ca. 10-28 cm) by 14% in 2001 and 18% in 2011. The global effect was no significant change in SOC and SON stocks between treatments over the old ploughed layer (4060 t soil ha(-1)) in both years: 43.2 and 45.0 t C ha(-1) in 2001 and 44.7 and 45.8 t C ha(-1) in 2011, in CNT and CFIT, respectively. In 2011, six years after tillage conversion, the stratification of SOC and SON had disappeared in NFIT whereas a new one had appeared in NNT with a smaller gradient than in CNT. SOC or SON stocks over the old ploughed layer did not differ significantly between treatments after 6 years of conversion: SOC stocks were 45.8, 43.2, 44.7 and 43.1 t C ha(-1) in the CFIT, NFIT, CNT and NNT treatments, respectively. Furthermore, SOC stocks below the old ploughed layer (ca. 28-40 cm) were slightly greater in FIT than in NT treatment (10.9 vs 8.7 t C ha(-1)). In this experiment, continuous or conversion tillage did not result in any C sequestration benefit. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["IMPACTS", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Soil nitrogen", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "SEQUESTRATION", "630", "Tillage", "MOIST", "Long-term", "ORGANIC-CARBON", "[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "Full inversion tillage", "[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology", "SOC", "CONSERVATION TILLAGE", "2. Zero hunger", "GREAT-PLAINS", "Soil organic carbon", "TEMPERATE", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "No till", "NO-TILL", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "MATTER", "SYSTEM"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dimassi, Bassem, Cohan, Jean-Pierrre, Labreuche, Jerome, Mary, Bruno, B.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s003740050613", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-08-25", "title": "Changes In Soil Microbial Biomass, Metabolic Quotient, And Organic Matter Turnover Under Hieracium (H-Pilosella L.)", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Hieracium invasion", "Organic C and N turnover", "Microbial biomass", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "High country", "Tussock grassland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050613"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050613", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050613", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050613"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-12-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s004420100656", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-02-13", "title": "Fine-Root Biomass And Fluxes Of Soil Carbon In Young Stands Of Paper Birch And Trembling Aspen As Affected By Elevated Atmospheric Co2 And Tropospheric O3", "description": "Rising atmospheric CO2 may stimulate future forest productivity, possibly increasing carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, but how tropospheric ozone will modify this response is unknown. Because of the importance of fine roots to the belowground C cycle, we monitored fine-root biomass and associated C fluxes in regenerating stands of trembling aspen, and mixed stands of trembling aspen and paper birch at FACTS-II, the Aspen FACE project in Rhinelander, Wisconsin. Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) was used to elevate concentrations of CO2 (average enrichment concentration 535\u00a0\u00b5l l-1) and O3 (53\u00a0nl l-1) in developing forest stands in 1998 and 1999. Soil respiration, soil pCO2, and dissolved organic carbon in soil solution (DOC) were monitored biweekly. Soil respiration was measured with a portable infrared gas analyzer. Soil pCO2 and DOC samples were collected from soil gas wells and tension lysimeters, respectively, at depths of 15, 30, and 125\u00a0cm. Fine-root biomass averaged 263\u00a0g m-2 in control plots and increased 96% under elevated CO2. The increased root biomass was accompanied by a 39% increase in soil respiration and a 27% increase in soil pCO2. Both soil respiration and pCO2 exhibited a strong seasonal signal, which was positively correlated with soil temperature. DOC concentrations in soil solution averaged ~12\u00a0mg l-1 in surface horizons, declined with depth, and were little affected by the treatments. A simplified belowground C budget for the site indicated that native soil organic matter still dominated the system, and that soil respiration was by far the largest flux. Ozone decreased the above responses to elevated CO2, but effects were rarely statistically significant. We conclude that regenerating stands of northern hardwoods have the potential for substantially greater C input to soil due to greater fine-root production under elevated CO2. Greater fine-root biomass will be accompanied by greater soil C efflux as soil respiration, but leaching losses of C will probably be unaffected.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology", "Aspen-FACE-project", "root-", "USA-", "pollutants-", "Environmental-Sciences)", "tropospheric-ozone", "forest-productivity", "01 natural sciences", "biomass-", "northern-forests", "124-38-9: CARBON DIOXIDE", "soil-carbon-flux", "terrestrial-ecosystems", "populus-tremuloides", "Cellular and Developmental Biology", "soil-carbon", "7440-44-0: CARBON", "carbon-", "fine-root", "Bioenergetics- (Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biophysics)", "Natural Resources and Environment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "GLOBAL-ECOLOGY", "North-America", "Nearctic-region)", "Rhinelander- (Wisconsin-", "carbon-sequestration", "atmosphere-", "biomass-production", "dissolved-organic-carbon [DOC-]", "Science", "respiration-", "carbon-dioxide-enrichment", "forest-plantations", "carbon-dioxide", "carbon-storage", "fine-root-biomass", "belowground-biomass", "United-States-Wisconsin-Rhinelander", "carbon-cycle", "Health Sciences", "ozone-", "soil-respiration", "air-pollution", "global-change", "atmospheric-carbon-dioxide", "biomass", "Molecular", "15. Life on land", "ozone", "13. Climate action", "roots-", "Legacy", "Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-", "free-air-carbon-dioxide-enrichment [FREE-]: experimental-method", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Northern Forests Global Change Carbon Sequestration Soil Respiration Dissolved Organic Carbon Soil PCO2"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420100656"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Oecologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s004420100656", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s004420100656", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s004420100656"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-007-9071-9", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-08", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon Storage In Mountain Grasslands Of The Pyrenees: Effects Of Climate And Topography", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Topography", "13. Climate action", "Climate", "Pyrenees", "Soil organic carbon storage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mountain grasslands"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-007-9071-9"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-007-9071-9", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-007-9071-9", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-007-9071-9"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-26", "title": "How much carbon can be added to soil by sorption?", "description": "Abstract<p>Quantifying the upper limit of stable soil carbon storage is essential for guiding policies to increase soil carbon storage. One pool of carbon considered particularly stable across climate zones and soil types is formed when dissolved organic carbon sorbs to minerals. We quantified, for the first time, the potential of mineral soils to sorb additional dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for six soil orders. We compiled 402 laboratory sorption experiments to estimate the additional DOC sorption potential, that is the potential of excess DOC sorption in addition to the existing background level already sorbed in each soil sample. We estimated this potential using gridded climate and soil geochemical variables within a machine learning model. We find that mid- and low-latitude soils and subsoils have a greater capacity to store DOC by sorption compared to high-latitude soils and topsoils. The global additional DOC sorption potential for six soil orders is estimated to be 107 $$ pm$$                   \uffc2\uffb1                  13 Pg C to 1\uffc2\uffa0m depth. If this potential was realized, it would represent a 7% increase in the existing total carbon stock.</p", "keywords": ["550", "Mineral association", "Organic chemistry", "Carbon Dynamics in Peatland Ecosystems", "Markvetenskap", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil water", "11. Sustainability", "Carbon fibers", "Water Science and Technology", "2. Zero hunger", "Latitude", "Ecology", "Total organic carbon", "Life Sciences", "Composite number", "Geology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Saturation", "Milj\u00f6vetenskap", "Soil carbon", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "Algorithm", "Chemistry", "Physical Sciences", "Environmental chemistry", "Sorption", "Additional sorption potential", "environment", "Geodesy", "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems", "Soil Science", "Environmental science", "FOS: Mathematics", "Environmental Chemistry", "14. Life underwater", "Soil Carbon Sequestration", "Earth-Surface Processes", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Soil science", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "Atmosphere", "Soil organic carbon", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Adsorption", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Dissolved organic carbon", "Environmental Sciences", "Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-021-00759-x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-022-00779-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-27", "title": "Biocrusts Modulate Climate Change Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Pools: Insights From a 9-Year Experiment", "description": "Abstract<p>Accumulating evidence suggests that warming associated with climate change is decreasing the total amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) in drylands, although scientific research has not given enough emphasis to particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) pools. Biocrusts are a major biotic feature of drylands and have large impacts on the C cycle, yet it is largely unknown whether they modulate the responses of POC and MAOC to climate change. Here, we assessed the effects of simulated climate change (control, reduced rainfall (RE), warming (WA), and RE\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89WA) and initial biocrust cover (low (&lt;\uffe2\uff80\uff8920%) versus high (&gt;\uffe2\uff80\uff8950%)) on the mineral protection of soil C and soil organic matter quality in a dryland ecosystem in central Spain for 9\uffc2\uffa0years. At low initial biocrust cover levels, both WA and RE\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89WA increased SOC, especially POC but also MAOC, and promoted a higher contribution of carbohydrates, relative to aromatic compounds, to the POC fraction. These results suggest that the accumulation of soil C under warming treatments may be transitory in soils with low initial biocrust cover. In soils with high initial biocrust cover, climate change treatments did not affect SOC, neither POC nor MAOC fraction. Overall, our results indicate that biocrust communities modulate the negative effect of climate change on SOC, because no losses of soil C were observed with the climate manipulations under biocrusts. Future work should focus on determining the long-term persistence of the observed buffering effect by biocrust-forming lichens, as they are known to be negatively affected by warming.</p", "keywords": ["Carbon cycling", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Particulate-associated organic carbon", "particulate-associated organic carbon", "carbon cycling", "Qu\u00edmica", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "nuclear magnetic resonance", "climate change", "mineral-associated organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "soil organic matter", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mineral-associated organic carbon", "Biocrusts", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00779-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-022-00779-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-022-00779-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-022-00779-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-27T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-12-12", "title": "Pulse, Shunt and Storage: Hydrological Contraction Shapes Processing and Export of Particulate Organic Matter in River Networks", "description": "Abstract<p>Streams and rivers act as landscape-scale bioreactors processing large quantities of terrestrial particulate organic matter (POM). This function is linked to their flow regime, which governs residence times, shapes organic matter reactivity and controls the amount of carbon (C) exported to the atmosphere and coastal oceans. Climate change impacts flow regimes by increasing both flash floods and droughts. Here, we used a modelling approach to explore the consequences of lateral hydrological contraction, that is, the reduction of the wet portion of the streambed, for POM decomposition and transport at the river network scale. Our model integrates seasonal leaf litter input as generator of POM, transient storage of POM on wet and dry streambed portions with associated decomposition and ensuing changes in reactivity, and transport dynamics through a dendritic river network. Simulations showed that the amount of POM exported from the river network and its average reactivity increased with lateral hydrological contraction, due to the combination of (1) low processing of POM while stored on dry streambeds, and (2) large shunting during flashy events. The sensitivity analysis further supported that high lateral hydrological contraction leads to higher export of higher reactivity POM, regardless of transport coefficient values, average reactivity of fresh leaf litter and differences between POM reactivity under wet and dry conditions. Our study incorporates storage in dry streambed areas into the pulse-shunt concept (Raymond and others in Ecology 97(1):5\uffe2\uff80\uff9316, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1684.1), providing a mechanistic framework and testable predictions about leaf litter storage, transport and decomposition in fluvial networks.</p", "keywords": ["DECOMPOSITION", "DYNAMICS", "0106 biological sciences", "330", "FLOW", "WOOD", "01 natural sciences", "Modelling", "Article", "LEAF", "preconditioning", "leaf litter; stream; catchment; organic carbon; organic matter degradation; carbon cycling; preconditioning; flow intermittence; modelling", "HETEROGENEITY", "Organic carbon", "organic matter degradation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", "CARBON FLUXES", "Atmosphere", "[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean", " Atmosphere", "Leaf litter", "Carbon cycle", "15. Life on land", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "flow intermittence", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "STREAM", "Stream", "Catchments", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unive.it/bitstream/10278/5031900/2/Catalan_et_al_Ecosystems_2023.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-12T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10457-007-9072-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:14:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-06-06", "description": "Carbon sequestration in the woody biomass of shelterbelts has been investigated but there have been no measurements of the C stocks in soil and tree litter under this agroforestry practice. The objective of this study was to quantify C stored in surface soil layers and tree litter within and adjacent to a 35-year-old shelterbelt in eastern Nebraska, USA. The 2-row shelterbelt was composed of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) and scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris). A sampling grid was estab- lished across a section of the shelterbelt on Tomek silt loam (fine, smectitic, mesic Pachic Argiudolls). Four soil cores were collected at each grid point, divided into 0-7.5 and 7.5-15 cm depth increments, and composited by depth. Soil samples were analyzed for total, organic, and inorganic C, total N, texture, pH, and nutrient content. Under the shelterbelt, all surface litter in a 0.5 \u00b7 0.5 m 2 area at each grid point", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Scotch pine", "Soil organic carbon", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "Shelterbelt", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Red cedar", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Tree litter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sauer, Thomas J., Cambardella, Cynthia A., Brandle, James R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-007-9072-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10457-007-9072-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10457-007-9072-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10457-007-9072-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/1462-2920.13842", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-06-27", "title": "Identification and characterisation of isoprene-degrading bacteria in an estuarine environment", "description": "Summary<p>Approximately one\uffe2\uff80\uff90third of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted to the atmosphere consists of isoprene, originating from the terrestrial and marine biosphere, with a profound effect on atmospheric chemistry. However, isoprene provides an abundant and largely unexplored source of carbon and energy for microbes. The potential for isoprene degradation in marine and estuarine samples from the Colne Estuary, UK, was investigated using DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90Stable Isotope Probing (DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP). Analysis at two timepoints showed the development of communities dominated by Actinobacteria including members of the genera Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium and Gordonia. Representative isolates, capable of growth on isoprene as sole carbon and energy source, were obtained from marine and estuarine locations, and isoprene\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading strains of Gordonia and Mycobacterium were characterised physiologically and their genomes were sequenced. Genes predicted to be required for isoprene metabolism, including four\uffe2\uff80\uff90component isoprene monooxygenases (IsoMO), were identified and compared with previously characterised examples. Transcriptional and activity assays of strains growing on isoprene or alternative carbon sources showed that growth on isoprene is an inducible trait requiring a specific IsoMO. This study is the first to identify active isoprene degraders in estuarine and marine environments using DNA\uffe2\uff80\uff90SIP and to characterise marine isoprene\uffe2\uff80\uff90degrading bacteria at the physiological and molecular level.</p>", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "Volatile Organic Compounds", "0303 health sciences", "550", "Base Sequence", "610", "QR Microbiology", "Sequence Analysis", " DNA", "Environment", "6. Clean water", "Mixed Function Oxygenases", "Mycobacterium", "03 medical and health sciences", "Hemiterpenes", "13. Climate action", "Pentanes", "Butadienes", "Rhodococcus", "14. Life underwater", "Gordonia Bacterium", "Research Articles", "Genome", " Bacterial", "GE Environmental Sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/63998/4/Published_manuscript.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.13842/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13842"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Microbiology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/1462-2920.13842", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/1462-2920.13842", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/1462-2920.13842"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-012-1258-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-01", "title": "Soil Properties Following Reforestation Or Afforestation Of Marginal Cropland", "description": "Aims Reforestation or afforestation of marginal agri- cultural lands offers opportunities to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC), improve the quality of degrad- ed soils, and provide ecosystem services. The objec- tives of this study were to identify the extent and distribution of marginally productive cropland in the state of Iowa and to quantify the changes in SOC and relevant soil properties following tree planting. Methods A geographic information system (GIS) analysis was used to identify 1.05 million ha of mar- ginal cropland within the state. Soil samples were collected from four locations with (<51 yr-old) forest plantations and adjacent crop fields. Soil samples were analyzed for SOC, total nitrogen (TN), pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), ammonium acetate- extractable K, Ca, Mg, and Na, and particle size. Results The forested soils had 30.0\u00b15.1 % (mean \u00b1standard error) more SOC than the tilled cropland. The average annualchangeinSOC following treeplant- ing was estimated to be 0.56\u00b10.05 Mg C ha \ufffd1 yr \ufffd1 . Differences were observed in several soil properties but strong correlations with SOC content were only observed for bulk density and extractable Ca. Conclusions These results indicate that within 5 dec- ades of tree planting on former cropland or pasture there was consistently and significantly greater SOC in soil beneath the trees.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Climate change mitigation", "550", "Soil organic carbon", "Ecosystem services", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil quality", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Sauer, Thomas J., James, David E., Cambardella, Cynthia A., Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1258-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-012-1258-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-012-1258-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-012-1258-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-010-9496-4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-07-11", "title": "Effects Of Nitrogen Additions On Above- And Belowground Carbon Dynamics In Two Tropical Forests", "description": "Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is increasing rapidly in tropical regions, adding N to ecosystems that often have high background N availability. Tropical forests play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle, yet the effects of N deposition on C cycling in these ecosystems are poorly understood. We used a field N-fertilization experiment in lower and upper elevation tropical rain forests in Puerto Rico to explore the responses of above- and belowground C pools to N addition. As expected, tree stem growth and litterfall productivity did not respond to N fertilization in either of these N-rich forests, indicating a lack of N limitation to net primary productivity (NPP). In contrast, soil C concentrations increased significantly with N fertilization in both forests, leading to larger C stocks in fertilized plots. However, different soil C pools responded to N fertilization differently. Labile (low density) soil C fractions and live fine roots declined with fertilization, while mineral-associated soil C increased in both forests. Decreased soil CO2 fluxes in fertilized plots were correlated with smaller labile soil C pools in the lower elevation forest (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.65, p\u00a0<\u00a00.05), and with lower live fine root biomass in the upper elevation forest (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.90, p\u00a0<\u00a00.05). Our results indicate that soil C storage is sensitive to N deposition in tropical forests, even where plant productivity is not N-limited. The mineral-associated soil C pool has the potential to respond relatively quickly to N additions, and can drive increases in bulk soil C stocks in tropical forests.", "keywords": ["58 Geosciences Aboveground Biomass", "15. Life on land", "Roots", "Aboveground Biomass", "Environmental sciences", "Soil Respiration", "Dissolved Organic Carbon", "Soil Density Fractions", "Environmental Chemistry", "Nutrient Limitation", "54 Environmental Sciences", "Geosciences", "Earth-Surface Processes", "Water Science and Technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt7ww245cp/qt7ww245cp.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9496-4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-010-9496-4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-010-9496-4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-010-9496-4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-07-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-08-10", "title": "Alternative Arable Cropping Systems: A Key To Increase Soil Organic Carbon Storage? Results From A 16 Year Field Experiment", "description": "Alternative cropping systems such as conservation agriculture and organic farming are expected to decrease negative impacts of conventional systems through sequestration of organic carbon in soil and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. We studied soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in the long-term (16 years) field experiment \u201cLa Cage\u201d (France) which compares four arable cropping systems, free from manure application, under conventional (CON), low input (LI), conservation agriculture (CA) and organic (ORG) management. Bulk densities and SOC concentrations were measured at different dates between 1998 and 2014. SOC stocks were calculated at equivalent soil mass taking into account bulk density variations and SOC redistribution across the different soil layers. We analyzed the evolution of SOC stocks and compared it with outputs of the simulation model AMG. The rate of change in SOC stocks in the old ploughed layer (ca. 0\u201330 cm) during the 16 years was 0.08, 0.02, 0.63 and 0.28 t ha\u22121 yr\u22121 in the CON, LI, CA and ORG systems respectively and significantly differed from 0 in the CA and ORG treatments. The AMG model satisfactorily reproduced the observed evolution of SOC stocks in the old ploughed layer in all treatments. A Bayesian optimization procedure was used to assess the mean and the distribution of the most uncertain parameters: the SOC mineralization rate and the C inputs derived from belowground biomass of cover crops which were fescue (Festuca rubra) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The model thus parameterized was able to predict SOC evolution in each block and soil layer (0\u201310, 10\u201320 and 20\u201330 cm). There was no significant difference in SOC mineralization rates between all cropping systems including CA under no-till. In particular, the increased SOC storage in CA was explained by higher carbon inputs compared to the other cropping systems (+1.72 t C ha\u22121 yr\u22121 on average). The CA and ORG systems were less productive than the CON and LI systems but the smaller C inputs derived from cash crop residues were compensated by the extra inputs from additional crops (fescue and alfalfa) specifically grown in CA and ORG, resulting in a positive carbon storage in soil. We conclude that alternative arable systems have potential to sequester organic carbon in temperate climate conditions, through higher carbon input rather than by the effect of reduced soil tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "Organic farming", "Soil organic carbon", "Conservation agriculture", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "No-till", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "AMG model", "630", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "13. Climate action", "Cover crop", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil carbon sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-009-9333-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-12-10", "title": "Response Of Bulk Chemical Composition, Lignin And Carbohydrate Signature To Grassland Conversion In A Ley-Arable Cropping System", "description": "Grassland conversion is a common practice in ley-arable cropping systems. The effects of such a disturbance on soil organic matter status and its consequences for biogeochemical cycles in terms of soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics remain poorly understood. We investigated changes occurring in soil organic carbon and nitrogen content, bulk chemical composition and in lignin as well as carbohydrate signature during 2 years after grassland conversion into arable land. Our results showed a rapid SOM decrease in the first few months after the conversion. The bulk chemical composition as seen by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy was similar under grassland and arable land, whereas different landuse had an impact on the contribution of plant litter compounds to SOM. SOM of arable soil had higher lignin contents and lower contents of non-cellulosic neutral carbohydrates than grassland soil. After grassland conversion, the most prominent change was an increase of the SOM\u2019s content of non-cellulosic carbohydrate above the contents recorded for grassland or arable land. Principal component analysis indicated that SOM chemical characteristics of converted grassland even after 2 years are similar to those of initial grassland. We conclude that the chemical composition of SOM is less susceptible to rapid change and that re-installation of grassland within some years will safeguard the initial SOM status in ley-arable rotations.", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "GRASSLAND", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "SOIL ORGANIC MATTER", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "RETOURNEMENT DE PRAIRIE", "15. Life on land", "GRASSLAND CONVERSION", "01 natural sciences", "630", "NITROGEN", "[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "ORGANIC CARBON", "BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE", "CHEMISTRY", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rumpel, Corn\u00e9lia, Chabbi, Abad,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-009-9333-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-009-9333-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-009-9333-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-009-9333-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-12-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10705-014-9599-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-01-10", "title": "Changes In Soil Carbon Stock After Cropland Conversion To Grassland In Russian Temperate Zone: Measurements Versus Model Simulation", "description": "The collapse of Soviet Union in early 1990s led to abandonment of large area of arable land which is assumed to act as a carbon (C) sink. We studied the ability of two dynamic soil C models (Yasso07 and RothC) to predict changes in soil C content after cropland abandonment. The performance of the models was compared using the results of a long-term experiment in Pushchino, Moscow region (5450 0 N, 3735 0 E) in Russia. The experiment was divided in four combinations of fertilizer or mowing treatments on former cropland soil. The soil C content was determined in the year of establishment (1980) and thereafter in 1999 and 2004. The soil C stocks increased by about 1.5- to 1.8-fold during the study period. Both models predicted the overall change in soil C relatively well (modelling efficiency of Yasso07 and RothC were 0.60 and 0.73, respectively). Accord- ing to the models, the soil gained on average 140-150 g C m -2 year -1 during the first 5 years after conversion of cropland to grassland. The C seques- tration rate decreased to 40-50 g C m -2 year -1 after 20 years of land use change. The sequestration rates estimated in this study are comparable to the rates observed in other studies.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "hiili", "carbon", "land use", "Yasso07", "maank\u00e4ytt\u00f6", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "RothC", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "kasvinviljely", "maank\u00e4yt\u00f6n muutos", "soil organic carbon", "land-use change", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Kasvintuotanto", "maaper\u00e4n hiili", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-014-9599-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10705-014-9599-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10705-014-9599-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10705-014-9599-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-11-04", "title": "Soil carbon sequestration rates under Mediterranean woody crops using recommended management practices: A meta-analysis", "description": "Abstract   Mediterranean woody crops, such as olive and almond farming, and vineyards are usually cultivated in soils low in organic matter, with limited water availability and frequently on medium to steep slopes. Therefore, when conventionally cultivated, soils of these cropping systems are net sources of CO2 (throughout soil erosion and organic carbon mineralization). A promising option to sequester carbon (C) in these cropping systems is the implementation of recommended management practices (RMPs), which include plant cover in the inter-row area, minimum or no tillage and off- and on-farm organic matter amendments. However, the effects of RMPs on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in these cropping systems are widely overlooked, despite the critical importance of estimating their contribution on CO2 emissions for policy decisions in the agriculture sector in Mediterranean regions. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to derive a C response ratio, soil C sequestration rate and soil C sequestration efficiency under RMPs, compared to conventional management of olive and almond orchards, and vineyards (144 data sets from 51 references). RMPs included organic amendments (OA), plant cover (CC) and a combination of the two (CMP). The highest soil C sequestration rate (5.3\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 yr\u22121) was observed following the application OA in olive orchards (especially after olive mill pomace application), whereas CC management achieved the lowest C sequestration rates (1.1, 0.78 and 2.0\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 yr\u22121, for olive orchards, vineyards and almond orchards, respectively). Efficiency of soil C sequestration was greater than 100% after OA and CMP managements, indicating that: i) some of the organic C inputs were unaccounted for, and ii) a positive feedback effect of the application of these amendments on SOC retention (e.g. reduction of soil erosion) and on protective mechanisms of the SOC which reduce CO2 emissions. Soil C sequestration rate tended to be highest during the first years after the change of the management and progressively decreased. Studies performed in Mediterranean sub-climates of low annual precipitation had lower values of soil C sequestration rate, likely due to a lower biomass production of the crop and other plant cover. Soil C sequestration rates in olive farming were much higher than that of vineyards, mainly due to the application of higher annual doses of organic amendments. The relatively high sequestration rate combined with the relative large spatial extent of these cropping system areas suggests that the adoption of RMPs is a sustainable and efficient measure to mitigate climate change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "330", "QH301 Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "recommended management practices", "carbon sequestration", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "soil organic carbon", "QH301", "13. Climate action", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mediterranean woody crops", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=organic+C&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=organic+C&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=organic+C&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=organic+C&offset=50", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 853, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-28T08:08:14.702017Z"}