Conversion of arable land (maize) to pasture will affect the soil organic matter (SOM) content. Changes in the SOM content were studied using a size- and density-fractionation method and C-13 analysis. Twenty-six years of maize cropping had resulted in a depletion of carbon stored in the macro-organic fractions (>150 mu m) and an increase in the 250 mu m), light (b.d. 150 mu m) and light (b.d. 150 mu m; b.d. >1.13 g cm(-3)) in the 0- to 20-cm layer was still 40-50% lower than in the continuous pasture plots. Average half-life times calculated from C-13 analyses ranged from 7 years in the light fractions to 56 years in heavy fractions. Fractionation results and C-13 data indicated that mechanical disturbance (plowing) during maize cropping had resulted in vertical displacement of dispersed soil carbon from the 0- to 20-cm layer down to 60-80 cm. Conversion of arable land to pasture, therefore, not only causes a regeneration of the soil carbon content, it also reduces the risk of contaminant transport by dispersed soil carbon.
", "keywords": ["land use change", "DECOMPOSITION", "2. Zero hunger", "C-13 analyses", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "maize", "Maize", "C-13 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE", "CULTIVATION", "pasture", "13C analyses", "VERTISOLS", "SIZE", "SYSTEMS", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Organic matter", "Fractionation", "fractionation", "Land use change", "CARBON TURNOVER", "FRACTIONS", "organic matter", "STORAGE"], "contacts": [{"organization": "R\u00f6mkens, P.F.A.M., van der Plicht, J., Hassink, J.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050494"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biology%20and%20Fertility%20of%20Soils", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s003740050494", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s003740050494", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s003740050494"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10021-015-9855-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-03-09", "title": "Defoliation And Soil Compaction Jointly Drive Large-Herbivore Grazing Effects On Plants And Soil Arthropods On Clay Soil", "description": "In addition to the well-studied impacts of defecation and defoliation, large herbivores also affect plant and arthropod communities through trampling, and the associated soil compaction. Soil compaction can be expected to be particularly important on wet, fine-textured soils. Therefore, we established a full factorial experiment of defoliation (monthly mowing) and soil compaction (using a rammer, annually) on a clay-rich salt marsh at the Dutch coast, aiming to disentangle the importance of these two factors. Additionally, we compared the effects on soil physical properties, plants, and arthropods to those at a nearby cattle-grazed marsh under dry and under waterlogged conditions. Soil physical conditions of the compacted plots were similar to the conditions at cattle-grazed plots, showing decreased soil aeration and increased waterlogging. Soil salinity was doubled by defoliation and quadrupled by combined defoliation and compaction. Cover of the dominant tall grass Elytrigia atherica was decreased by 80% in the defoliated plots, but cover of halophytes only increased under combined defoliation and compaction. Effects on soil micro-arthropods were most severe under waterlogging, showing a fourfold decrease in abundance and a smaller mean body size under compaction. Although the combined treatment of defoliation and trampling indeed proved most similar to the grazed marsh, large discrepancies remained for both plant and soil fauna communities, presumably because of colonization time lags. We conclude that soil compaction and defoliation differently affect plant and arthropod communities in grazed ecosystems, and that the magnitude of their effects depends on herbivore density, productivity, and soil physical properties.", "keywords": ["COLLEMBOLA", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "wadden sea", "GRASSLAND", "growth", "cow", "DIVERSITY", "01 natural sciences", "630", "diversity", "Aranaea", "simulated grazing", "SALT-MARSH", "MOUNTAIN PASTURES", "MANAGEMENT", "Environmental Chemistry", "Acari", "NITROGEN MINERALIZATION", "nitrogen mineralization", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "2. Zero hunger", "macro-detritivores", "mountain pastures", "Ecology", "COW", "national", "collembola", "WADDEN SEA", "15. Life on land", "Coleoptera", "salt-marsh", "Collembola", "GROWTH", "grassland", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/72900/1/Published_Version.PDF"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9855-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10021-015-9855-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10021-015-9855-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10021-015-9855-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-10T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-004-0368-7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-05-09", "title": "Regional Variation In Soil Carbon And \u039413c In Forests And Pastures Of Northeastern Costa Rica", "description": "Recent studies suggest that the direction and magnitude of changes in soil organic carbon (soil C) pools following forest-to-pasture conversion in the tropics are dependent upon initial soil conditions and local factors (e.g. pre-conversion soil C content, soil texture, vegetation productivity, and management practices). The goal of this study was to understand how landscape-scale variation in soil-forming factors influenced the response of soil C pools to forest clearing and pasture establishment in northeastern Costa Rica. We measured soil C and its stable isotopic composition in 24 paired pasture and reference forest sites distributed over large gradients of edaphic characteristics and slope throughout a 1400 km2 region. We used the large difference in stable C isotopic signatures of C3 vegetation (rain forest) versus C4 vegetation (pasture grasses) as a tracer of soil C dynamics. Soil C pools to 30 cm depth ranged from 26% lower to 23% higher in pastures compared to paired forests. The presence of non-crystalline clays and percent slope explained between 27 and 37% of the variation in the direction and magnitude of the changes in soil C storage following pasture establishment. Stable carbon isotopes (\u03b413C) in the top soil (0\u201310 cm) showed a rapid incorporation of pasture-derived C following pasture establishment, but the vegetation in these pastures never became pure C4 communities. The amount of forest-derived soil C in pasture topsoils (0\u201310 cm) was negatively correlated to both pasture age and the concentrations of non-crystalline iron oxides. Together these results imply that site factors such as soil mineralogy are an important control over soil C storage and turnover in this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Costa Rica; Land-use change; Pasture; Soil carbon; Stable carbon isotopes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-0368-7"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-004-0368-7", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-004-0368-7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-004-0368-7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s10533-008-9182-y", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:14:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-02-13", "title": "Stabilization Of Recent Soil Carbon In The Humid Tropics Following Land Use Changes: Evidence From Aggregate Fractionation And Stable Isotope Analyses", "description": "Quantitative knowledge of stabilization- and decomposition processes is necessary to under- stand, assess and predict effects of land use changes on storage and stability of soil organic carbon (soil C) in the tropics. Although it is well documented that different soil types have different soil C stocks, it is presently unknown how different soil types affect the stability of recently formed soil C. Here, we analyze the main controls of soil C storage in the top 0.1 m of soils developed on Tertiary sediments and soils developed on volcanic ashes. Using a combination of fractionation techniques with 13 C isotopes analyses we had the opportunity to trace origin and stability of soil carbon in different aggregate fractions under pasture and secondary forest. Soil C contents were higher in volcanic ash soils (47-130 g kg -1 ) than in sedimentary soils (19-50 g kg -1 ). Mean residence time (MRT) of forest-derived carbon in pastures increased from 37 to 57 years with increasing silt + clay content in sedimentary soils, but was indepen- dent from soil properties in volcanic ash soils. MRTs of pasture-derived carbon in secondary forests were considerably shorter, especially in volcanic ash soils, where no pasture-derived carbon could be detected in any of the four studied secondary forests. The implications of these results are that the MRT of recently incorporated organic carbon depends on clay mineralogy and is longer in soils dominated by smectite than non-crystalline minerals. Our results show that the presence of soil C stabilization processes, does not necessarily mean that recent incorporated soil C will also be effectively stabilized.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Carbon sequestration; Ecuador; Mean residence time; Pasture; Secondary forest; Soil type; Texture; Water-stable aggregates", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Earth-Surface Processes", "Water Science and Technology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9182-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biogeochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s10533-008-9182-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s10533-008-9182-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s10533-008-9182-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-02-14T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-22", "title": "Consequences Of Field N2o Emissions For The Environmental Sustainability Of Plant-Based Biofuels Produced Within An Organic Farming System", "description": "AbstractOne way of reducing the emissions of fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived carbon dioxide (CO2) is to replace fossil fuels with biofuels produced from agricultural biomasses or residuals. However, cultivation of soils results in emission of other greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially nitrous oxide (N2O). Previous studies on biofuel production systems showed that emissions of N2O may counterbalance a substantial part of the global warming reduction, which is achieved by fossil fuel displacement. In this study, we related measured field emissions of N2O to the reduction in fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2, which was obtained when agricultural biomasses were used for biofuel production. The analysis included five organically managed feedstocks (viz. dried straw of sole cropped rye, sole cropped vetch and intercropped rye\uffe2\uff80\uff93vetch, as well as fresh grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93clover and whole crop maize) and three scenarios for conversion of biomass into biofuel. The scenarios were (i) bioethanol, (ii) biogas and (iii) coproduction of bioethanol and biogas. In the last scenario, the biomass was first used for bioethanol fermentation and subsequently the effluent from this process was utilized for biogas production. The net GHG reduction was calculated as the avoided fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2, where the N2O emission was subtracted. This value did not account for fossil fuel\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived CO2 emissions from farm machinery and during conversion processes that turn biomass into biofuel. The greatest net GHG reduction, corresponding to 700\uffe2\uff80\uff93800\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0CO2\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, was obtained by biogas production or coproduction of bioethanol and biogas on either fresh grass\uffe2\uff80\uff93clover or whole crop maize. In contrast, biofuel production based on lignocellulosic crop residues (i.e. rye and vetch straw) provided considerably lower net GHG reductions (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4215\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0CO2\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), and even negative numbers sometimes. No GHG benefit was achieved by fertilizing the maize crop because the extra crop yield, and thereby increased biofuel production, was offset by enhanced N2O emissions.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Pasture and forage crops", "Nutrient turnover", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Cereals", " pulses and oilseeds", "Air and water emissions", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/GCB%20Bioenergy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01132.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-03-08", "title": "Effect Of Biochar Amendment On The Soil-Atmosphere Exchange Of Greenhouse Gases From An Intensive Subtropical Pasture In Northern New South Wales, Australia", "description": "We assessed the effect of biochar incorporation into the soil on the soil-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases (GHG) from an intensive subtropical pasture. For this, we measured N2O, CH4 and CO2 emissions with high temporal resolution from April to June 2009 in an existing factorial experiment where cattle feedlot biochar had been applied at 10\u00a0t\u00a0ha\u22121 in November 2006. Over the whole measurement period, significant emissions of N2O and CO2 were observed, whereas a net uptake of CH4 was measured. N2O emissions were found to be highly episodic with one major emission pulse (up to 502\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N m\u22122 h\u22121) following heavy rainfall. There was no significant difference in the net flux of GHGs from the biochar amended vs. the control plots. Our results demonstrate that intensively managed subtropical pastures on ferrosols in northern New South Wales of Australia can be a significant source of GHG. Our hypothesis that the application of biochar would lead to a reduction in emissions of GHG from soils was not supported in this field assessment. Additional studies with longer observation periods are needed to clarify the long term effect of biochar amendment on soil microbial processes and the emission of GHGs under field conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "Nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Improved pasture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "Carbon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.qut.edu.au/42094/1/42094A.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-07-05", "title": "Biochar Adsorbed Ammonia Is Bioavailable", "description": "Biochar is produced as a by-product of the low temperature pyrolysis of biomass during bioenergy extraction and its incorporation into soil is of global interest as a potential carbon sequestration tool. Biochar influences soil nitrogen transformations and its capacity to take up ammonia is well recognized. Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia need to be mitigated due to negative environmental impacts and economic losses. Here we use an isotope of nitrogen to show that ammonia-N adsorbed by biochar is stable in ambient air, but readily bioavailable when placed in the soil. When biochars, containing adsorbed 15N labelled ammonia, were incorporated into soil the 15N recovery by roots averaged 6.8% but ranged from 26.1% to 10.9% in leaf tissue due to differing biochar properties with plant 15N recovery greater when acidic biochars were used to capture ammonia. Recovery of 15N as total soil nitrogen (organic+inorganic) ranged from 45% to 29% of 15N applied. We provide a proof of concept for a synergistic mitigation option where anthropogenic ammonia emissions could be captured using biochar, and made bioavailable in soils, thus leading to nitrogen capture by crops, while simultaneously sequestering carbon in soils.", "keywords": ["ryegrass", "550", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "ANZSRC::0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "ANZSRC::050301 Carbon Sequestration Science", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "540", "ammonia", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "nitrogen", "veterinary and food sciences", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::0503 Soil Sciences", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "ANZSRC::070304 Crop and Pasture Biomass and Bioproducts", "N stable isotope", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-0870-3"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-07-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-011-1035-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-04", "title": "Influence Of Tree Species On Carbon Sequestration In Afforested Pastures In A Humid Temperate Region", "description": "This study examines the influence of tree species in relation to biomass and soil C dynamics in plantations established on former pasture land. Data on the C sink capacity of such plantations will provide valuable information for designing improved management strategies for afforestation programmes aimed at mitigating CO2 emissions. The study was carried in the temperate forest of southern Europe, one of the most productive timber production systems in Europe. The study, designed to control most of the variability at regional level, involved a network of 120 paired plots (former pasture land-new plantations of different ages) established to construct three well-replicated chronosequences of the most common tree species in humid temperate systems. The mean rates of C sequestration (biomass and soil) estimated throughout the rotation ranged between 8.7 and 14.6\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u2009ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121 (Eucalyptus nitens>Eucalyptus globulus>Pinus radiata), and the contribution of the soil (forest floor plus mineral soil) ranged from 8 to 18% (Eucalyptus nitens>Pinus radiata>Eucalyptus globulus). The humid temperate climate and the sandy loam texture of the soils favoured large losses of SOC from the uppermost mineral soils during the 10\u00a0year after afforestation. The higher loss of SOC in the Pinus radiata soil (26% of initial SOC) than in the Eucalyptus soil (19.45% of initial SOC) was attributed to the lower transfer of organic C to the mineral soil, as a result of the lower litter decomposition rate and the lower belowground litter input from associated vegetation. The rapid development of tree biomass favoured the subsequent C sequestration in biomass and soils. The C sink capacity of forest plantations can be maximized by elongating the rotation length and adopting suitable management strategies for each species. This is especially important in intensive forest plantations in which the high intensity of harvesting may prevent accumulation of SOC in the long term.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Eucalyptus", "Pinus radiata", "Tree biomass", "Soil organic matter", "Afforestation", "13. Climate action", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest floor", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "P\u00e9rez Cruzado, C\u00e9sar, Mansilla Salinero, Pablo, Rodr\u00edguez Soalleiro, Roque, Merino Garc\u00eda, Agust\u00edn,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-1035-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-011-1035-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-011-1035-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-011-1035-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-05T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-05", "title": "Crop Yields, Soil Fertility And Phosphorus Fractions In Response To Long-Term Fertilization Under The Rice Monoculture System On A Calcareous Soil", "description": "Abstract A 14-year field trial was conducted on a calcareous soil to evaluate the effects of continuous rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping and fertilization on crop yield, soil fertility and phosphorus fractions. The application of N and P enhanced rice yields, while K had no yield-increasing effect because of large available soil K resource. The soil organic carbon remained at a stable level except for a decrease in the unfertilized treatment after 1988. Total N did not show clear changes with time or between treatments despite some fluctuation. The available soil K trend after 1985 as well as the comparison between treatments indicated clearly decreasing available soil K, particularly in the NP treatment. Available soil P significantly decreased in the P-omitted treatments, but remained at a stable level in the P-applied treatments with time. Of the total inorganic P (Pi), Ca phosphates (Ca-P) were the dominant Pi forms, accounting for 69\u201371%, followed by Fe phosphates (Fe-P), P occluded within Fe oxides (O-P) and then Al phosphates (Al-P). Of the Ca-P fractions, Ca2-P [CaHPO4\u00b7nH2O], Ca8-P [Ca8H2(PO4)6\u00b7nH2O] and Ca10-P [Ca10(PO4)6\u00b7(OH)2] accounted for 3.1\u20136.2, 5.8\u20136.4 and 87\u201391%, respectively. The NK treatment had significant Ca2-P depletion with time compared with the NPK treatment, and the similar trend was observed for Ca8-P despite decreasing Ca8-P with time for the two treatments. In the NK treatment, Ca2-P and Ca8-P had a good correlation with Olsen-P. The significant changes with time were not observed for Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P. The P application caused a weak accumulation of Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P, but had no significant effect on total Pi over time. The results suggest that (i) P application is indispensable to maintain high yields of rice under N application and (ii) there was a substantial P release from Ca2-P and Ca8-P linked to P uptake by crops. Hence, soil indigenous P supply, P transformation and the yield responses to fertilizer P application must be synthetically considered to optimize fertilization strategies for irrigated rice production on the calcareous soil at the experimental site.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "070300 Crop and Pasture Production", "0703 (four-digit-FOR)", "Flooding", "etc.)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "300105 Applied Hydrology (Drainage", "Irrigation", "Quality", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-015-2556-8", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-15", "title": "Land Use Change Decreases Soil Carbon Stocks In Tibetan Grasslands", "description": "\u00a9 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Backgrounds and aims: Land use is an important factor affecting soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and can produce positive C climate feedback, but its effects remain unknown for Tibetan ecosystems. Methods: Recent land use changes have converted the traditional winter Kobresia pastures of nomads in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau to Elymus pastures or even to cropland. Detailed SOC measurements up to 30-cm depth were combined with analysis of \u03b413C, \u03b415N, bulk density, microbial C, and N contents in three land use types. Results: Bulk density was decreased by conversion from Kobresia pasture to cropland but increased by conversion to Elymus pasture. The loss of 1\u00a0% of SOC caused by land use change leads to \u03b413C increase of 0.8 \u2030. Conversion to cropland significantly decreased SOC stocks (10\u00a0%) and microbial biomass C, but the C loss (1.6\u00a0%) was insignificant in Elymus pasture. Land use changes strongly increased soil \u03b415N in the top 5\u00a0cm. Conclusions: Conversion to Elymus pasture did not change the C stocks, but conversion to cropland decreased C stocks by 10\u00a0% within 10\u00a0years. Soil \u03b413C and \u03b415N data indicate acceleration of C and N cycling due to the replacement of Kobresia pasture by Elymus pasture and cropland.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "\u03b413C", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cropland", "Alpine meadow", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Total nitrogen", "15. Life on land", "\u03b415N"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2556-8"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-015-2556-8", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-015-2556-8", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-015-2556-8"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-06-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-05", "title": "Effects Of Forest Conversion To Pasture On Soil Carbon Content And Dynamics In Brazilian Amazonia", "description": "Abstract Soils play an important role in the carbon cycle, and deforestation in the tropics affects both soil carbon storage and CO2 release into the atmosphere. The consequences of deforestation and conversion to pasture for soil carbon content and dynamics were examined in two soil types differing mainly by their texture. Two chronosequences were selected, each consisting of an intact forest and three pastures of different ages (4, 8, 15 years and 3, 9, 15 years, respectively). One chronosequence is located in the central part of the Brazilian Amazon basin, where the soils are clayey ferralsols, and the second in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon Basin, where the soils are sandy clayey acrisols. In the upper layer the C content of clayey soils was three times higher than in the sandy soils, but despite the differences in soil texture, the C distribution in the particle-size fractions was quite similar. In the two chronosequences, the conversion to pasture induced a slight increase in C content. Bulk density increases were greater on soils with lower clay contents. The 13 C measurements, which allowed to calculate the distribution of C derived from forest and from pasture, showed that all the particle-size fractions incorporated C derived from pasture and that a significant proportion of the young organic matter is rapidly trapped in the finest fractions. Although the proportions of pasture-derived C were higher in the sandy soils than in the clayey soils, the amounts of pasture-derived C in the particle-size fractions were 2\u20133 times larger in the clayey soils than in the sandy soils.", "keywords": ["rain-forest", "550", "ZONE TROPICALE", "c-13 natural abundance", "TEXTURE", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630", "Carbon Cycle", "C-13 isotope", "Amazonia", "EVOLUTION DES SOLS SOUS CULTURE", "STRUCTURE DU SOL", "soil carbon storage", "particle-size fractions", "Pasture", "cultivated oxisols", "ANALYSE ISOTOPIQUE", "SABLE", "eastern amazonia", "Deforestation", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Acrisol", "2. Zero hunger", "tropical soils Organic-matter dynamics", "Brasil", "size-fractions", "PATURAGE", "turnover", "Soil Carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "CARBONE ORGANIQUE", "STOCK ORGANIQUE", "ARGILE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DEFORESTATION", "texture"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Desjardins, T., Barros, E., Sarrazin, M., Girardin, C., Mariotti, A.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2003.12.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-20", "title": "Utilization Of Nitrogen (N) And Phosphorus (P) In An Organic Dairy Farming System In Norway", "description": "Inputs of N and P, flows through the soil\u2013plant\u2013animal pathway and removals by products were recorded for 3 years at the organically managed prototype dairy farm \u2018Frydenhaug\u2019 in Norway to assess the transfer efficiencies of N and P within and at the farm level. Nutrient balances and efficiency (N or P in products divided by N or P in inputs) were compared to data from other studies of dairy farm systems in Europe. Plant production on the farm covered nearly all the needs by the herd. However, about 10% of the plant production was sold as cash crop and about the same amount was bought as feed. At the farm level, \u2018Frydenhaug\u2019 realized annually and on average lower surpluses and higher N or P efficiencies than found in most studies concerned. On average, N and P surpluses were 41 and 0.6 kg ha\u22121 per year, the efficiencies were 0.30 and 0.85, and the surplus per animal produce was 2.4 and 0.2 kg kg\u22121, respectively. Despite relative high nutrient efficiencies at the farm level, there were considerable losses within the farm system. Nutrients were lost during harvesting, storage and feeding of home-grown crops. Thus, the intake of N and P by the herd was on average 62 and 59% of the harvestable N and P in field crops. The average apparent efficiency in the soil/plant component was 0.89 for N and 1.66 for P, and in the animal component 0.19 for N and 0.18 for P. The negative soil surface P balance (on average, 6.3 kg ha\u22121 per year) was not regarded as a problem on short-term, but it may limit the productivity of the system on the long-term. Improved forage quality through more frequent cuttings and a moderate concentrate level increased milk production and improved the N efficiency at the farm level without a negative effect on the N utilization in the animal component. This study illustrates the importance of including the internal nutrient flow in order to assess and improve the nutrient utilization in organic dairy farming.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Pasture and forage crops", "Nutrient turnover", "Dairy cattle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "Farming Systems"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.022"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-09", "title": "Comparative Analysis Of The Microbial Communities In Agricultural Soil Amended With Enhanced Biochars Or Traditional Fertilisers", "description": "(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) No abstract provided.", "keywords": ["570", "anzsrc-for: 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences", "bats", "Veterinary and Food Sciences", "anzsrc-for: 16 Studies in Human Society", "Carbon Sequestration Science", "bat", "30 Agricultural", "630", "anzsrc-for: 3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "anzsrc-for: 30 Agricultural", "Chiroptera", "Animalia", "2 Zero Hunger", "Chordata", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil Chemistry (excl. Carbon Sequestration Science)", "anzsrc-for: 44 Human society", "anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "3004 Crop and Pasture Production", "6. Clean water", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental sciences", "Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science)", "Mammalia", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-06-21", "title": "The Effect Of Pasture Utilization Rate On Stocks Of Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen In A Semi-Arid Tropical Grassland", "description": "The influence of grazing management on total soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (TN) in tropical grasslands is an issue of considerable ecological and economic interest. Here we have used linear mixed models to investigate the effect of grazing management on stocks of SOC and TN in the top 0.5 m of the soil profile. The study site was a long-term pasture utilization experiment, 26 years after the experiment was established for sheep grazing on native Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) pasture in northern Australia. The pasture utilization rates were between 0% (exclosure) and 80%, assessed visually. We found that a significant amount of TN had been lost from the top 0.1 m of the soil profile as a result of grazing, with 80% pasture utilization resulting in a loss of 84 kg ha\u22121 over the 26-year period. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on TN when greater soil depths were considered. There was no significant effect of pasture utilization rate on stocks of SOC and soil particulate organic carbon (POC), or the C:N ratio at any depth; however, visual trends in the data suggested some agreement with the literature, whereby increased grazing pressure appeared to: (i) decrease SOC and POC stocks; and, (ii) increase the C:N ratio. Overall, the statistical power of the study was limited, and future research would benefit from a more comprehensive sampling scheme. Previous studies at the site have found that a pasture utilization rate of 30% is sustainable for grazing production on Mitchell grass; however, given our results, we conclude that N inputs (possibly through management of native N2-fixing pasture legumes) should be made for long-term maintenance of soil health, and pasture productivity, within this ecosystem.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil nitrogen", "Pasture utilization", "Tropical grassland", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "630", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "Grazing management", "1103 Animal Science and Zoology", "Rangelands. Range management. Grazing", "2303 Ecology"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2014.05.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:15:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-09-28", "title": "A Simulation-Based Analysis Of Productivity And Soil Carbon In Response To Time-Controlled Rotational Grazing In The West African Sahel Region", "description": "In the Sahel region of West Africa, the traditional organization of the population and the grazing land avoided overexploitation of pastures. Since independence in the 1960s, grazing lands have been opened to all without specific guidance, and the vulnerability of the pastures to degradation has increased. Rotational grazing is postulated as a possible solution to provide higher pasture productivity, higher animal loads per unit land, and perhaps improved soil carbon storage. The objective of this study was to conduct a simulation-based assessment of the impact of rotational grazing management on pasture biomass production, grazing efficiency, animal grazing requirement satisfaction, and soil carbon storage in the Madiama Commune, Mali. The results showed that grazing intensity is the primary factor influencing the productivity of annual pastures and their capacity to provide for animal grazing requirements. Rotating the animals in paddocks is a positive practice for pasture protection that showed advantage as the grazing pressure increased. Increasing the size of the reserve biomass not available for grazing, which triggers the decision of taking the animals off the field, provided better pasture protection but reduced animal grazing requirements satisfaction. In terms of soil carbon storage, all management scenarios led to reduction of soil carbon at the end of the 50-year simulation periods, ranging between 4% and 5% of the initial storage. The differences in reduction as a function of grazing intensity were of no practical significance in these soils with very low organic matter content, mostly resistant to decomposition.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Livestock management", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Grazing systems", "Rotation", "Rotational grazing", "Pastures", "Soil carbon storage", "Controlled grazing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pasture management", "Soil carbon", "Simulation modeling", "Semiarid zones", "Paddocks", "Sahel", "Range management", "West Africa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Cattle", "Field Scale", "Productivity"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Washington State University Bryan Hall, P.O. Box 645121, Pullman, WA 99164-5121, USA ( host institution ), Badini, Oumarou, St\u00f6ckle, Claudio O., Jones, Jim W., Nelson, Roger, Kodio, Amadou, Keita, Moussa,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-24", "title": "Soil Carbon Turnover And Sequestration In Native Subtropical Tree Plantations", "description": "Approximately 30% of global soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in subtropical and tropical ecosystems but it is being rapidly lost due to continuous deforestation. Tree plantations are advocated as a C sink, however, little is known about rates of C turnover and sequestration into soil organic matter under subtropical and tropical tree plantations. We studied changes in SOC in a chronosequence of hoop pine (Araucaria cwunninghamii) plantations established on former rainforest sites in seasonally dry subtropical Australia. SOC, delta C-13, and light fraction organic C (LF C < 1.6 g cm(-3)) Were determined in plantations, secondary rainforest and pasture. We calculated loss of rainforest SOC after clearing for pasture using an isotope mixing model, and used the decay rate of rainforest-derived C to predict input of hoop pine-derived C into the soil. Total SOC stocks to 100 cm depth were significantly (P < 0.01) higher under rainforest (241 t ha(-1)) and pasture (254 t ha(-1)) compared to hoop pine (176-211 t ha(-1)). We calculated that SOC derived from hoop pine inputs ranged from 32% (25 year plantation) to 61% (63 year plantation) of total SOC in the 0-30 cm soil layer, but below 30 cm all C originated from rainforest. These results were compared to simulations made by the Century soil organic matter model. The Century model Simulations showed that lower C stocks under hoop pine plantations were due to reduced C inputs to the slow turnover C pool, such that this pool only recovers to within 45% of the original rainforest C pool after 63 years. This may indicate differences in soil C stabilization mechanisms under hoop pine plantations compared with rainforest and pasture. These results demonstrate that subtropical hoop pine plantations do not rapidly sequester SOC into long-term storage pools, and that alternative plantation systems may need to be investigated to achieve greater soil C sequestration. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["Araucaria", "C-13", "Soil Science", "Land-use Change", "Storage", "Puerto-rico", "Century model", "01 natural sciences", "C1", "light fraction carbon", "Pasture", "300103 Soil Chemistry", "Southern Queensland", "Rain-forest", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "tree plantations", "Organic-matter Dynamics", "770702 Land and water management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Long-term Trends", "carbon sequestration", "soil organic carbon", "Forest Conversion", "Continuous Cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-18", "title": "Soil Acidification And Carbon Storage In Fertilized Pastures Of Northeast Thailand", "description": "Abstract Light textured soils are often characterized as acid to depth that results in low productivity levels. In an effort to address this constraint a four year study was undertaken that evaluated the productivity of Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) and Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes guianensis) (Stylo) to grow on these soils. In addition, Gamba grass treatments received either no nitrogen fertilizer (Gamba) or a total 287\u00a0kg N ha\u2212\u00a01 as either KNO3 (Gamba NO3) or (NH4)2SO4 (Gamba NH4). Average annual dry matter production levels for the Gamba, Gamba NO3 and Gamba NH4 were 11.9, 22.5, and 26.6\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01 whilst that of the Stylo treatment was 6.9\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01. However, the net annual acid addition rates associated with the export of biomass ranged from 5.1\u201313.3\u00a0kmol H+ ha\u2212\u00a01 yr\u2212\u00a01. Rapid acidification of the soil profile was observed to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm in all treatments regardless of the tempering influence of nitrate based fertilizers. Soil organic carbon levels over the study period showed a 6 fold increase at >\u00a030\u00a0cm from the initial values, suggesting significant carbon sequestration. Whilst the study demonstrates the positive impact of a grass or legume ley in producing forage for livestock in a cut and carry system under rainfed conditions in Northeast Thailand, along with positive contributions to soil organic carbon sequestration, a precautionary approach should be adopted. Significant accelerated soil acidification has occurred to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm that brings into question the sustainability of these systems on these soil types.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "carbon", "soil texture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "pastures", "6. Clean water", "acidification", "nitrogen fertilizers", "soil properties", "feeds", "stylosanthes guianensis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sandy soils", "andropogon gayanus"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Noble, A.D., Suzuki, S., Soda, Wannipa, Ruaysoongnern, Sawaeng, Berthelsen, S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-30", "title": "Soil Carbon Changes After Establishing Woodland And Agroforestry Trees In A Grazed Pasture", "description": "Abstract This study determined the effect of two tree planting methods (woodland and a silvopastoral agroforestry system) on the soil bulk density and organic carbon content of a grassland site in lowland England. Soil organic carbon was measured in pasture, silvopastoral tree, and woodland treatments at six depths representative of 0\u2013150\u00a0cm. Fourteen years after tree planting, the organic carbon content in the surface soil layer (0\u201310\u00a0cm) was greatest in the pasture (6.0\u00a0g 100\u00a0g\u2212\u00a01) and least in the woodland (4.6\u00a0g 100\u00a0g\u2212\u00a01); the value (5.3\u00a0g 100\u00a0g\u2212\u00a01) below the silvopastoral trees was intermediate. In the 10\u201320\u00a0cm layer, the organic carbon content in the woodland was 13% lower than the pasture. No treatment effects on soil carbon were detected below 20\u00a0cm. Possible reasons for the decline in surface soil carbon include a decline in grass cover and reduced soil water content. Measurements of above ground carbon storage by the trees indicated that tree planting increased overall carbon storage, with the silvopastoral system predicted to achieve a higher level of carbon storage than equivalent areas of separate woodland and pasture. A power analysis indicates that a prohibitively large number of replicates is needed to ensure a lower than 20% risk of falsely concluding no treatment differences at individual depth increments below 10\u00a0cm and cumulative depths extending below 40\u00a0cm.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Carbon time", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Silvopasture", "Grassland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-13", "title": "Priorities for research in soil ecology", "description": "The ecological interactions that occur in and with soil are of consequence in many ecosystems on the planet. These interactions provide numerous essential ecosystem services, and the sustainable management of soils has attracted increasing scientific and public attention. Although soil ecology emerged as an independent field of research many decades ago, and we have gained important insights into the functioning of soils, there still are fundamental aspects that need to be better understood to ensure that the ecosystem services that soils provide are not lost and that soils can be used in a sustainable way. In this perspectives paper, we highlight some of the major knowledge gaps that should be prioritized in soil ecological research. These research priorities were compiled based on an online survey of 32 editors of Pedobiologia - Journal of Soil Ecology. These editors work at universities and research centers in Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia.The questions were categorized into four themes: (1) soil biodiversity and biogeography, (2) interactions and the functioning of ecosystems, (3) global change and soil management, and (4) new directions. The respondents identified priorities that may be achievable in the near future, as well as several that are currently achievable but remain open. While some of the identified barriers to progress were technological in nature, many respondents cited a need for substantial leadership and goodwill among members of the soil ecology research community, including the need for multi-institutional partnerships, and had substantial concerns regarding the loss of taxonomic expertise.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "aboveground-belowground interactions", "Biologia", "Aboveground-belowground interactions", "910", "soil processes", "soil microbial ecology", "Microbial ecology", "Novel environments", "Soil food web", "11. Sustainability", "Climate change", "0503 Soil Sciences", "Global change", "biodiversity", "ecosystem management", "2. Zero hunger", "biodiversity\u2013ecosystem functioning", "0303 health sciences", "Plant-microbe interaction", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "Soil processes", "climate change", "ekosysteemipalvelut", "Biogeography", "international", "570", "Soil management", "Ecosystem service", "Biodiversity\u2013ecosystem functioning", "0607 Plant Biology", "plant-microbe interactions", "soil biodiversity", "Chemical ecology", "Aboveground-belowground interactions; Biodiversity\u2013ecosystem functioning; Biogeography; Chemical ecology; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Global change; Microbial ecology; Novel environments; Plant-microbe interactions; Soil biodiversity; Soil food web; Soil management; Soil processes", "climatic changes", "eli\u00f6maantiede", "12. Responsible consumption", "Aboveground-belowground interaction", "03 medical and health sciences", "soil food web", "Novel environment", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "Ecosystem services", "Biology", "global change", "maaper\u00e4nsuojelu", "chemical ecology", "500", "15. Life on land", "Soil biodiversity", "biodiversiteetti", "ekosysteemit (ekologia)", "mikrobiekologia", "13. Climate action", "ilmastonmuutos", "novel environments", "ta1181", "soil management", "Plant-microbe interactions", "0703 Crop And Pasture Production"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://usiena-air.unisi.it/bitstream/11365/1134372/2/Eisenhauer_et_al_research_priorities_20170503.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Pedobiologia", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-03-07", "title": "Impact Of Urease Inhibitor On Ammonia And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Temperate Pasture Soil Cores Receiving Urea Fertilizer And Cattle Urine", "description": "New Zealand's intensively grazed pastures receive the majority of nitrogen (N) input in the form of urea, which is the major constituent of animal urine and the most common form of mineral N in inorganic N fertilizers. In soil, urea is rapidly hydrolyzed to ammonium (NH4(+)) ions, a part of which may be lost as ammonia (NH3) and subsequently as nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a greenhouse gas. Two glasshouse experiments were conducted to study the effect of a urease inhibitor (UI), N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), commercially named Agrotain, applied with urine and urea on urea hydrolysis and NH3 and N2O emissions. Treatments included the commercially available products Sustain Yellow (urea+Agrotain+4% sulfur coating), Sustain Green (urea+Agrotain) and urea, and cattle urine (476 kg N ha(-1)) with and without Agrotain applied to intact soil cores of a fine sandy loam soil. The addition of Agrotain to urine and urea (i.e. Sustain Green) reduced NH3 emission by 22% to 47%, respectively. Agrotain was also effective in reducing N2O emissions from urine and Sustain Green by 62% and 48%, respectively. The reduction in N2O emissions varied with the type and amount of N applied and plant N uptake. Plant N uptake was significantly higher in the soil cores receiving Agrotain with urea than urea alone, but the slight increase in dry matter yield was non-significant. Hence, urease inhibitor reduced N losses through NH3 and N2O emissions, thereby increasing plant uptake of N.", "keywords": ["pasture", "2. Zero hunger", "nitrous oxide", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "urea", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ammonia", "nitrogen", "6. Clean water", "cattle urine", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-20", "title": "Do Earthworms Increase N2o Emissions In Ploughed Grassland?", "description": "Abstract Earthworm activity has been reported to lead to increased production of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). This is due to emissions from worms themselves, their casts and drilosphere, as well as to general changes in soil structure. However, it remains to be determined how important this effect is on N2O fluxes from agricultural systems under realistic conditions in terms of earthworm density, soil moisture, tillage activity and residue loads. We quantified the effect of earthworm presence on N2O emissions from a pasture after simulated ploughing of the sod (\u2018grassland renovation\u2019) for different soil moisture contents during a 62-day mesocosm study. Sod (with associated soil) and topsoil were separately collected from a loamy Typic Fluvaquent. Treatments included low (L), medium (M) and high (H) moisture content, in combination with: only soil (S); soil+incorporated sod (SG); soil+incorporated sod+the anecic earthworm Aporrectodea longa (SGE). Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured for 62\u00a0d. At the end of the incubation period, we determined N2O production under water-saturated conditions, potential denitrification and potential mineralization of the soil after removing the earthworms. Cumulative N2O and CO2 fluxes over 62\u00a0d from incorporated sod were highest for treatment HSGE (973\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N and 302\u00a0mg CO2-C\u00a0kg\u22121 soil) and lowest for LSG (64\u00a0\u03bcg N2O-N and 188\u00a0mg CO2-C\u00a0kg\u22121 soil). Both cumulative fluxes were significantly different for soil moisture (p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "denitrification", "casts", "carbon", "permanent pastures", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "fluxes", "6. Clean water", "nitrous-oxide emissions", "13. Climate action", "soil organic-matter", "community", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "denitrifying bacteria", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.09.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:15Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-09", "title": "Observed And Modelled Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Changes After Planting A Pinus Radiata Stand Onto Former Pasture", "description": "Abstract After reforesting pasture land, it is often observed that soil carbon stocks decrease. The present work reports findings from a site near Canberra, Australia, where a pine forest (Pinus radiata) was planted onto a former unimproved pasture site. We report a number of detailed observations seeking to understand the basis of the decline in soil C stocks. This is supported by simulations using the whole-ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling model CenW 3.1. The model indicated that over the first 18 years after forest establishment, the site lost about 5.5\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 588\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 from the soil. The C:N ratio of soil organic matter did not change in a systematic manner over the observational period. Carbon and nitrogen stocks contained in the biomass of the 18-year old pine stand exceeded that of the pasture by 88\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 393\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121. An additional 6.1\u00a0t\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u22121 and 110\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 accumulated in above-ground litter. These changes, together with the vertical distribution of carbon and nitrogen in the soil, agreed well with the observation at the site. It was assumed that over 18 years, there was also a loss of 86\u00a0kgN\u00a0ha\u22121 from the ecosystem because of normal gaseous losses during nitrogen turn-over and a small amount of nitrogen leaching. Those losses could not be replenished in the pine system without symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation, and there were no fertiliser additions. A simple mass balance approach indicated that the amount of nitrogen accumulating in plant biomass and the litter layer plus the assumed nitrogen loss from the site matched the amount of nitrogen lost from the soil organic nitrogen pool. This reduction in soil nitrogen, together with an unchanged C:N ratio, provided a simple and internally consistent explanation for the observed reduction of soil carbon after reforestation. It supports the general notion that trends in soil carbon upon land-use change can often be controlled by the possible fates of available soil nitrogen.", "keywords": ["550", "Nitrogen", "CenW", "Reforesting pasture lands", "910", "Carbon inorganic compounds", "01 natural sciences", "Ecosystems", "Nitrogen compounds", "C:N ratio", "Nitrogen fixation", "Pasture", "Biomass", "Reforestation", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Keywords: Biological materials", "Pinus radiata", "Nitrogen cycling models", "modeling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon sequestration", "Soil carbon", "Pine", "coniferous tree", "Pine forest", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Model"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Roger M. Gifford, LanBin Guo, Miko U. F. Kirschbaum, Miko U. F. Kirschbaum,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/61078/5/Kirschbaum_Observed_and_modelled_soil_carbon.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/61078/7/01_Kirschbaum_Observed_and_modelled_soil_2008.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-10", "title": "Evidence For Denitrification As Main Source Of N2o Emission From Residue-Amended Soil", "description": "Catch crops, especially leguminous catch crops, may increase crop nitrogen (N) supply and decrease environmental impacts in cropping systems, but they may also stimulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following spring incorporation. In this 28-day laboratory incubation study, we examined the carbon (C) and N dynamics and N2O evolution after simulated incorporation of residues from three catch crop species into a loamy sand soil, with variable soil moisture (40, 50 or 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS)). The catch crops include two leguminous (red clover and winter vetch) and one non-leguminous species (ryegrass). Plant material was placed in a discrete layer surrounded by soil in which the nitrate (NO3\u2212) pool was enriched with 15N to distinguish N2O derived from denitrification and nitrification. Net N mineralisation from leguminous catch crops was significant (30\u201348\u00a0mg\u00a0N\u00a0kg\u22121 soil, accounting for 41\u201356% of the added residue-N), whereas ryegrass incorporation resulted in net N immobilisation. The evolution of N2O was probably enhanced by N release from the residues, especially during the second week, which can explain the lower N2O evolution after application of ryegrass. Emission of N2O occurred at all moisture levels, but was higher at 50 and 60% WFPS than at 40% in soil with leguminous residues. The 15N enrichment of N2O indicated that denitrification was the dominant source independent of moisture level and residue type. We conclude that catch crop residues will stimulate N2O emissions via denitrification over a wide range of soil moisture conditions, but that emission levels may depend significantly on residue quality and soil moisture.", "keywords": ["Leguminous cover crop", "2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "15N labelling", "Nutrient turnover", "Mineralisation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "incubation", "15. Life on land", "Air and water emissions", "Pasture and forage crops", "Crop combinations and interactions", "13. Climate action", "Farm nutrient management", "Denitrification", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Incubation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-15", "title": "Impact Of Pasture, Agriculture And Crop-Livestock Systems On Soil C Stocks In Brazil", "description": "Abstract Changes in land use can result in either sources or sinks of atmospheric carbon (C), depending on management practices. In Brazil, significant changes in land use result from the conversion of native vegetation to pasture and agriculture, conversion of pasture to agriculture and, more recently, the conversion of pasture and agriculture to integrated crop-livestock systems (ICL). The ICL system proposes a diversity of activities that include the strategic incorporation of pastures to agriculture so as to benefit both. In agricultural areas, for example, the implementation of ICL requires the production of quality forage for animals between crops as well as the production of straw to facilitate the sustainability of the no-tillage (NT) management system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the modifications in soil C stocks resulting from the main processes involved in the changes of land use in Amazonia and Cerrado biomes. For comparison purposes, areas under native vegetation, pastures, crop succession and ICL under different edapho-climatic conditions in Amazonia and Cerrado biomes were evaluated. This study demonstrated that the conversion of native vegetation to pasture can cause the soil to function either as a source or a sink of atmospheric CO2, depending on the land management applied. Non-degraded pasture under fertile soil showed a mean accumulation rate of 0.46\u00a0g\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. Carbon losses from pastures implemented in naturally low fertile soil ranged from 0.15 to 1.53\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121, respectively, for non-degraded and degraded pasture. The conversion of native vegetation to agriculture in areas under the ICL system, even when cultivated under NT, resulted in C losses of 1.31 in six years and of 0.69\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121 in 21 years. The conversion of a non-degraded pasture to cropland (soybean/sorghum) released, in average, 1.44 Mg of C ha\u22121year\u22121to the atmosphere. The ICL system in agricultural areas has shown evidences that it always functions as a sink of C with accumulation rates ranging from 0.82 to 2.58\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121\u00a0year\u22121. The ICL produces soil C accumulation and, as a consequence, reduces atmospheric CO2 in areas formerly cultivated under crop succession. However, the magnitude of C accumulation in soil depends on factors such as the types of crops, the edapho-climatic conditions and the amount of time the area is under ICL.", "keywords": ["[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "550", "limiting water range", "01 natural sciences", "630", "atlantic forest", "Amazonia", "Crop-livestock systems", "Land use change", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "region", "Crop-livestock", "native cerrado", "organic-carbon sequestration", "grassland management", "nitrogen stocks", "Cerrado", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "greenhouse-gas emissions", "matter", "6. Clean water", "brachiaria pastures", "Soil carbon stock", "13. Climate action", "tillage", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.07.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.07.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.07.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:17:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-31", "title": "Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks In A Brazilian Clayey Oxisol: 13-Year Effects Of Integrated Crop-Livestock Management Systems", "description": "Abstract Integrated crop\u2013livestock management systems (ICLS) have been increasingly recommended in Brazilian agroecosystems. However, knowledge of their effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and stocks is still limited. The study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ICLS under two tillage and fertilization regimes on SOC and TN concentrations and stocks in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil layer, in comparison with continuous crops or pasture. The following soil management systems were studied: continuous pasture; continuous crop; 4 years\u2019 crop followed by 4 years\u2019 pasture and vice-versa. The adjacent native Cerrado area was used as a control. Under the rotation and continuous crop systems there were two levels of soil tillage (conventional and no-tillage) and fertility (maintenance and corrective fertility). The stock calculations were done using the equivalent soil mass approach. The land use systems had a significant effect on the concentrations of SOC and TN in the soil, but no effect was observed for the soil tillage and fertilizer regimes. For these two latter, some significant discrepancies appeared in the distribution of SOC and TN concentrations in the 0\u201330\u00a0cm layer. Carbon storage was 60.87\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under Cerrado, and ranged from 52.21\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 under the ICLS rotation to 59.89\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 with continuous cropping. The decrease in SOC stocks was approximately 8.5 and 7.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 , or 14 and 12%, for continuous pasture and ICLS respectively. No-tillage for 10 years after the conversion of conventional tillage to no-tillage under the continuous crop system, and 13 years of conventional tillage in continuous cropping did not result in significant changes in SOC stocks. The SOC and TN stocks in surface layers, using the equivalent soil mass approach rather than the equivalent depth, stress the differences induced by the calculation method. As soil compaction is the principal feature of variability of stocks determinations, the thickness should be avoid in these types of studies.", "keywords": ["Carbon and nitrogen sequestration", "Crop-pasture rotation", "2. Zero hunger", "Brazilian Cerrado", "No-tillage", "NIR spectroscopy", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Marchao, R. L., /Becquer, Thierry, /Brunet, Didier, Balbino, L. C., Vilela, L., /Brossard, Michel,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.11.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/95gb02148", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-02-04", "title": "Belowground Cycling Of Carbon In Forests And Pastures Of Eastern Amazonia", "description": "Forests in seasonally dry areas of eastern Amazonia near Paragominas, Par\uffc3\uffa1, Brazil, maintain an evergreen forest canopy through an extended dry season by taking up soil water through deep (>1 m) roots. Belowground allocation of C in these deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests is very large (1900 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) relative to litterfall (460 g C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). The presence of live roots drives an active carbon cycle deeper than l m in the soil. Although bulk C concentrations and 14C contents of soil organic matter at >l\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths are low, estimates of turnover from fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90root inputs, CO2 production, and the 14C content of CO2 produced at depth show that up to 15% of the carbon inventory in the deep soil has turnover times of decades or less. Thus the amount of fast\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling soil carbon between 1 and 8\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depths (2\uffe2\uff80\uff933 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, out of 17\uffe2\uff80\uff9318 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922) is significant compared to the amount present in the upper meter of soil (3\uffe2\uff80\uff934 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 out of 10\uffe2\uff80\uff9311 kg C m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). A model of belowground carbon cycling derived from measurements of carbon stocks and fluxes, and constrained using carbon isotopes, is used to predict C fluxes associated with conversion of deep\uffe2\uff80\uff90rooting forests to pasture and subsequent pasture management. The relative proportions and turnover times of active (including detrital plant material; 1\uffe2\uff80\uff933 year turnover), slow (decadal and shorter turnover), and passive (centennial to millennial turnover) soil organic matter pools are determined by depth for the forest soil, using constraints from measurements of C stocks, fluxes, and isotopic content. Reduced carbon inputs to the soil in degraded pastures, which are less productive than the forests they replace, lead to a reduction in soil carbon inventory and \uffce\uff9414C, in accord with observations. Managed pastures, which have been fertilized with phosphorous and planted with more productive grasses, show increases in C and 14C over forest values. Carbon inventory increases in the upper meter of managed pasture soils are partially offset by predicted carbon losses due to death and decomposition of fine forest roots at depths >1 m in the soil. The major adjustments in soil carbon inventory in response to land management changes occur within the first decade after conversion. Carbon isotopes are shown to be more sensitive indicators of recent accumulation or loss of soil organic matter than direct measurement of soil C inventories.
", "keywords": ["cycling", "decomposition", "model", "rooting", "carbon", "belowground carbon cycling", "carbon cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "South America", "15. Life on land", "Poaceae", "soil", "pasture", "forest", "Amazonia", "soil organic matter", "death", "tropical soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "phosphorus", "Brazil", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt1zb7d8kx/qt1zb7d8kx.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1029/95gb02148", "name": "item", "description": "10.1029/95gb02148", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1029/95gb02148"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1995-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-26", "title": "Afforestation Or Intense Pasturing Improve The Ecological And Economic Value Of Abandoned Tropical Farmlands", "description": "AbstractIncreasing demands for livelihood resources in tropical rural areas have led to progressive clearing of biodiverse natural forests. Restoration of abandoned farmlands could counter this process. However, as aims and modes of restoration differ in their ecological and socio-economic value, the assessment of achievable ecosystem functions and benefits requires holistic investigation. Here we combine the results from multidisciplinary research for a unique assessment based on a normalization of 23 ecological, economic and social indicators for four restoration options in the tropical Andes of Ecuador. A comparison of the outcomes among afforestation with native alder or exotic pine, pasture restoration with either low-input or intense management and the abandoned status quo shows that both variants of afforestation and intense pasture use improve the ecological value, but low-input pasture does not. Economic indicators favour either afforestation or intense pasturing. Both Mestizo and indigenous Saraguro settlers are more inclined to opt for afforestation.
", "keywords": ["Conservation of Natural Resources", "Restoration ecology", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Environmental science", "Trees", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Livelihood", "Afforestation", "Agroforestry Systems and Biodiversity Enhancement", "ddc:630", "Ecosystem services", "Pasture", "Agroforestry", "Tropical Deforestation", "Biology", "Ecosystem", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Global Analysis of Ecosystem Services and Land Use", "Geography", "Ecology", "1. No poverty", "Life Sciences", "Forestry", "Agriculture", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Pinus", "ddc:", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecuador", "Drivers and Impacts of Tropical Deforestation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6612"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nature%20Communications", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/ncomms6612", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/ncomms6612"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00656.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-07-30", "title": "Substantial Labile Carbon Stocks And Microbial Activity In Deeply Weathered Soils Below A Tropical Wet Forest", "description": "AbstractContrary to large areas in Amazonia of tropical moist forests with a pronounced dry season, tropical wet forests in Costa Rica do not depend on deep roots to maintain an evergreen forest canopy through the year. At our Costa Rican tropical wet forest sites, we found a large carbon stock in the subsoil of deeply weathered Oxisols, even though only 0.04\uffe2\uff80\uff930.2% of the measured root biomass (>2\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm diameter) to 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83m depth was below 2\uffe2\uff80\uff83m. In addition, we demonstrate that 20% or more of this deep soil carbon (depending on soil type) can be mobilized after forest clearing for pasture establishment. Microbial activity between 0.3 and 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83m depth contributed about 50% to the microbial activity in these soils, confirming the importance of the subsoil in C cycling. Depending on soil type, forest clearing for pasture establishment led from no change to a slight addition of carbon in the topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83m depth). However, this effect was countered by a substantial loss of C stocks in the subsoil (1\uffe2\uff80\uff933\uffe2\uff80\uff83m depth). Our results show that large stocks of relatively labile carbon are not limited to areas with a prolonged dry season, but can also be found in deeply weathered soils below tropical wet forests. Forest clearing in such areas may produce unexpectedly high C losses from the subsoil.
", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Costa Rica; deforestation; land-use change; microbial activity; pasture; soil organic carbon; tropical rain forest", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00656.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00656.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00656.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00656.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/ar02116", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-08-20", "title": "Screening Wheat Genotypes For Tolerance Of Soil Acidity", "description": "A soil-based screening method was used to test tolerance of wheat genotypes to acidity. Plants were grown for 6 days in an acid soil with the pH adjusted to 3.9\uffe2\uff80\uff935.8. The number and length of roots were measured. To validate the method, 12 wheat cultivars of known acidity tolerance and one acid-sensitive barley cultivar were grown on an acid soil in the field with or without amelioration of subsoil acidity. The relative yields of these wheat genotypes on the soil with subsoil acidity ranged from 50 to 89% of yields on soil without subsoil acidity, and were correlated with root growth parameters obtained in the glasshouse. The best correlation was obtained between relative yields in the field (y) and root length per plant (x) at pH 3.9 in the glasshouse (y = \uffe2\uff80\uff9343 + 52*log x, r = 0.95) or root length per plant at pH 3.9 as a percentage of root length at pH 4.8 (y = 1.2 + 46*log x, r = 0.94). Following validation of the glasshouse screening method in the field, 115 wheat genotypes, including cultivars and breeding lines, were screened in the glasshouse. A substantial genotypic variation in acidity tolerance was found, with root length per plant at pH 3.9 ranging from 66 to > 350 mm. Many Western Australian breeding lines displayed better tolerance than existing tolerant wheat cultivars. The screening system can be instrumental in breeding wheat for increased tolerance to acid soils.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "070306 Crop and Pasture Nutrition", "0703 (four-digit-FOR)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "300103 Soil Chemistry", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rengel, Z., Nuruzzaman, M., Tang, Caixian.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/ar02116"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Australian%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/ar02116", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/ar02116", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/ar02116"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/cp10115", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-19", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen Under Leucaena Leucocephala Pastures In Queensland", "description": "Soil organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) accumulation in the top 0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.15\uffe2\uff80\uff89m of leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pastures were compared with native pastures and with continuously cropped land. OC and TN levels were highest under long-term leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pasture (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89<\uffe2\uff80\uff890.05). For leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pastures that had been established for 20, 31, and 38 years, OC accumulated at rates that exceeded those of the adjacent native grass pasture by 267, 140, and 79\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg/ha.year, respectively, while TN accumulated at rates that exceeded those of the native grass pastures by 16.7, 10.8, and 14.0\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg/ha.year, respectively. At a site where 14-year-old leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pasture was adjacent to continuously cropped land, there were benefits in OC accumulation of 762\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg/ha.year and in TN accumulation of 61.9\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg/ha.year associated with the establishment of leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pastures. Similar C\uffe2\uff80\uff89:\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ratios (range 12.7\uffe2\uff80\uff9314.5) of soil OC in leucaena and grass-only pastures indicated that plant-available N limited soil OC accumulation in pure grass swards. Higher OC accumulation occurred near leucaena hedgerows than in the middle of the inter-row in most leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pastures. Rates of C sequestration were compared with simple models of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the grazed pastures. The amount of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) accumulated in additional topsoil OC of leucaena\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass pastures \uffe2\uff89\uffa420 years old offset estimates of the amount of CO2-e emitted in methane and nitrous oxide from beef cattle grazing these pastures, thus giving positive GHG balances. Less productive, aging leucaena pastures >20 years old had negative GHG balances; lower additional topsoil OC accumulation rates compared with native grass pastures failed to offset animal emissions.
", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil total nitrogen", "Greenhouse gas balance", "Soil organic carbon", "13. Climate action", "1102 Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1110 Nursing", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Carbon balance", "15. Life on land", "Permanent pastures"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Alejandro Radrizzani, Alejandro Radrizzani, Gunnar Kirchhof, H. Max Shelton, Scott A. Dalzell,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/cp10115"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Crop%20and%20Pasture%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/cp10115", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/cp10115", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/cp10115"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/ea01175", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-12-23", "title": "Using Zero Tillage, Fertilisers And Legume Rotations To Maintain Productivity And Soil Fertility In Opportunity Cropping Systems On A Shallow Vertosol", "description": "The effect of 2 tillage practices (zero v. conventional), fertiliser application (nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc), and pulse\uffe2\uff80\uff93cereal rotation on changes in soil mineral nitrogen, plant-available water in the soil, grain yield and protein, and key soil fertility parameters (total nitrogen, organic carbon) in the Central Highlands of Queensland were examined between 1991 and 1998. Four pasture treatments (perennial legume, perennial grass, annual legume and legume\uffe2\uff80\uff93grass mixes) were included in January 1995, following previously unsuccessful attempts to grow lucerne and annual medics. The experiment was conducted as an opportunity cropping system on an open downs soil at Gindie that is representative of a large proportion (70%) of soils in the Central Highlands. Tillage practice did not affect the amount of mineral nitrate or the plant-available water content of the soil at planting, except in 1991 and 1998 when plant-available water content was higher under conventional tillage than zero tillage. However, zero tillage improved grain yield in 2 of 4 years (wheat in 1992; sorghum in 1996), increased uptake of nitrogen in every crop and produced greater grain protein levels in both wheat crops grown than conventional tillage. There were grain responses to nitrogen + phosphorus fertilisers (wheat in 1991 and sorghum in 1997). Grain protein was increased with applications of nitrogen regardless of whether phosphorus was added in 3 of the 4 crops planted. Sowing a pulse did not significantly increase grain yields in the following crop although it did increase soil mineral nitrogen at planting. Soil nitrate remained low in control (P0N0) plots (<39 kg N/ha) when crops were planted each year but increased significantly (average 84 kg N/ha) following a long fallow of 3.5 years resulting from drought. Plant-available water content of the soil at sowing was lower where chickpeas had been grown the previous season than with wheat. Neither tillage practice nor fertiliser application affected soil organic carbon or soil total nitrogen concentrations in the topsoil. However, all pasture treatments improved soil total nitrogen compared with continuous cropping, and with the exception of annual pasture legumes, also improved soil organic carbon after only 2 seasons. Largest improvements in soil fertility (total nitrogen and organic carbon) occurred with perennial species. It was concluded that zero tillage practices can have beneficial impacts on grain yields as well as minimising environmental degradation such as soil erosion in this region. However, if soil fertility levels are to be maintained, or improved, perennial pasture rotations will need to be used as current levels of fertiliser application or rotations with pulses had no significant beneficial effect.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "070300 Crop and Pasture Production", "Soil and crops. Soil-plant relationships. Soil productivity", "Sustainable agriculture", "Methods and systems of culture. Cropping systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Fertilisers", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Standley, J., Millar, G., Reid, D. J., Halpin, N. V., Armstrong, Roger.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/ea01175"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Australian%20Journal%20of%20Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/ea01175", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/ea01175", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/ea01175"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/fp14125", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-12-03", "title": "Intraspecific Variation In Leaf Growth Of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Under Australian Grain Free Air Co2 Enrichment (Agface): Is It Regulated Through Carbon And/Or Nitrogen Supply?", "description": "Underlying physiological mechanisms of intraspecific variation in growth response to elevated CO2 concentration [CO2] were investigated using two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars: Yitpi and H45. Leaf blade elongation rate (LER), leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N) in the expanding leaf blade (ELB, sink) and photosynthesis (A) and C and N status in the last fully expanded leaf blade (LFELB, source) were measured. Plants were grown at ambient [CO2] (~384\uffc2\uffb5molmol\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and elevated [CO2] (~550\uffc2\uffb5molmol\uffe2\uff80\uff931) in the Australian Grains Free Air CO2 Enrichment facility. Elevated [CO2] increased leaf area and total dry mass production, respectively, by 42 and 53% for Yitpi compared with 2 and 13% for H45. Elevated [CO2] also stimulated the LER by 36% for Yitpi compared with 5% for H45. Yitpi showed a 99% increase in A at elevated [CO2] but no A stimulation was found for H45. There was a strong correlation (r2=0.807) between LER of the ELB and soluble carbohydrate concentration in LFELB. In ELB, the highest spatial N concentration was observed in the cell division zone, where N concentrations were 67.3 and 60.6mg g\uffe2\uff80\uff931 for Yitpi compared with 51.1 and 39.2mg g\uffe2\uff80\uff931 for H45 at ambient and elevated [CO2]. In contrast, C concentration increased only in the cell division and cell expansion zone of the ELB of Yitpi. These findings suggest that C supply from the source (LFELB) is cultivar dependent and well correlated with LER, leaf area expansion and whole-plant growth response to elevated [CO2].
", "keywords": ["Diurnal regulation of LER", "580", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "070303 Crop and Pasture Biochemistry and Physiology", "leaf blade elongation rate", "diurnal regulation of LER", "gas exchange", "Growth analysis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Leaf blade elongation rate", "03 medical and health sciences", "Elevated (CO2)", "elevated [CO2]", "Gas exchange", "growth analysis"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/fp14125"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Functional%20Plant%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/fp14125", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/fp14125", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/fp14125"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr08151", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-05-09", "title": "Nitrous Oxide And Methane Emissions From Soil Are Reduced Following Afforestation Of Pasture Lands In Three Contrasting Climatic Zones", "description": "Land use change from agriculture to forestry offers potential opportunities for carbon (C) sequestration and thus partial mitigation of increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The effects of land use change of grazed pastures on in situ fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from soil were examined across 3 forest types in Australian temperate, Mediterranean, and subtropical regions, using a network of paired pasture\uffe2\uff88\uff92forest sites, representing 3 key stages of forest stand development: establishment, canopy-closure, and mid to late rotation. During the 12-month study, soil temperature ranged from \uffe2\uff80\uff936\uffc2\uffb0 to 40\uffc2\uffb0C and total rainfall from 487 to 676\uffe2\uff80\uff89mm. Rates of N2O flux ranged between 1 and 100\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in pasture soils and from \uffe2\uff80\uff935 to 50\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in forest soils; magnitudes were generally similar across the 3 climate zones. Rates of CH4 flux varied from \uffe2\uff80\uff931 to \uffe2\uff80\uff9350\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in forest soil and from +10 to \uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff89\uffce\uffbcg/m2.h in pasture soils; CH4 flux was highest at the subtropics sites and lowest at the Mediterranean sites. In general, N2O emissions were lower, and CH4 consumption was higher, under forest than pasture soils, suggesting that land use change from pasture to forest can have a positive effect on mitigation of non-CO2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil as stands become established. The information derived from this study can be used to improve the capacity of models for GHG accounting (e.g. FullCAM, which underpins Australia\uffe2\uff80\uff99s National Carbon Accounting System) to estimate N2O and CH4 fluxes resulting from land use change from pasture to forest in Australia. There is still, however, a need to test model outputs against continuous N2O and CH4 measurements over extended periods of time and across a range of sites with similar land use, to increase confidence in spatial and temporal estimates at regional levels.
", "keywords": ["Temperate", "Tropics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Mediterranean", "15. Life on land", "GHG balance", "Grassland", "Paired sites", "Afforestation", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Forest", "1111 Soil Science", "Plantation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr08151"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr08151", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr08151", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr08151"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:22:33Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Plant composition of northern temperate pastures and their disturbance history in Alberta, Canada", "description": "unspecifiedMethods copied from our accepted manuscript:\u00a0Pyle, Lysandra A., Hall, Linda, and Bork, Edward W. (In Press). Northern temperate pastures exhibit divergent plant community responses to management and disturbance legacies identified through a producer survey. Applied Vegetation Science. 1.\u00a0 Study location We surveyed 102 pastures during 2012 (n=44) and 2013 (n=58) between May 24 and July 6, distributed across agricultural lands within 80 km of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.\u00a0 About half the pastures were in the Central Parkland (n=50), with the remainder in the Dry Mixedwood (n=50) and Central Mixedwood (n=2) subregions.\u00a0A large and well-distributed sample size ensured wide variation in soil textures, seeded and non-seeded vegetation, and management actions. Pastures were selected using a stratified random approach, separated by at least 800 m. Pastures were identified through consultation with municipal county staff, then driving roadsides to confirm suitable fields visually. Pastures had to accommodate a 260 m long transect (minimum of 4 ha) with buffer zones from wetlands (30 m), forests and fence lines (10 m), with larger pastures given preference.\u00a0Acquisition of sites was constrained by landowners\u2019 willingness to grant permission to their land, although refusals were uncommon (n < 10). A privacy agreement with landowners prohibits us from releasing the locations of pastures. 2. Producer management and disturbance history \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pasture management and disturbance history were acquired for all 102 pastures through a retrospective, in-person interview.\u00a0Interviews were approved by the University of Alberta\u2019s Research Ethics Board (ID: Pro0030842). Interviews identified historical and current land-use practices and natural disturbances potentially influencing soil and vegetation. Managers were initially asked about ownership and whether the pasture had been previously cultivated. If cultivated, managers estimated when it was planted (grassland age) and how (seeding history was described in Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018); cultivation status could also be classified as unknown (attributed to land-turnover or rented pasture). Recent management actions were summarized, including grazing history (grazing system, timing of grazing, number of animals, type of livestock, supplemental feeding with hay), mechanical treatments (aerated, harrowed, or swathed/mowed), nutrient addition (fertilizer or manure), or herbicide application. Livestock stocking rates [in animal-unit-months per ha (AUM ha-1)] were calculated for pastures (n=80) where adequate information on grazing activities was obtained (see Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018), where one AUM is the forage required to support a mature cow (with or without a calf) for one month. Other natural disturbances capable of influencing vegetation, such as a known history of recent fire, were recorded. All management actions and disturbance factors are described in Appendix S1 (Applied Vegetation Science manuscript). 3. Plant cover, ground cover, and soil properties \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Following the interview, a grassland assessment was conducted. To begin sampling, a random point was located from which a 260 m long \u2018W-transect\u2019 was laid out (Thomas, 1985). Plant composition and ground cover were assessed at nine equidistant locations using a 0.25 m2 quadrat. Foliar cover was estimated for each plant species, with trace species recorded as 0.1%. Plants were identified (Moss & Packer, 1983) and nomenclature updated using VASCAN (Brouillet et al., 2018). Plant species were later grouped into major cover components by origin (total native, total introduced) and growth form [forbs, graminoids (grasses, sedges, rushes)], as well as functional groups such as introduced grasses (seeded or widely naturalized), introduced legumes (seeded or widely naturalized), introduced ruderal forbs (agronomic weeds), noxious weeds [defined by the Weed Control Act (Province of Alberta, 2010)], native perennial graminoids, native perennial forbs, native ruderal forbs, and native woody plants. These functional groups are related to rangeland health, which evaluates key forages, along with unpalatable and disturbance-induced plants. For each pasture, plant community richness, diversity (effective number of species), and Pielou\u2019s evenness were summarized for inclusion in multivariate analyses. At all locations where cover was observed, the area of litter and exposed mineral soil on the ground surface were estimated, and litter depth was measured at five random locations within the 0.25 m2 frame. Mineral soil was sampled to a depth of 15 cm at ten random locations. During preparation of soil cores (Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2019), charcoal layers in the top 15 cm of mineral soil were often found, indicating fire occurrence in the pasture\u2019s history and not reported by managers. For each grassland, soil properties including % total carbon (C), % total nitrogen (N), carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N), organic matter (OM), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and texture (% clay, % sand, % silt) were measured. Procedures and specific responses are summarized elsewhere (Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2019). 4. Rangeland health \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Rangeland health was assessed using the Tame Pasture Assessment Form developed by Alberta Environment and Parks (Adams et al., 2010; resources available at https://www.alberta.ca/range-health.aspx). In brief, this process evaluated grasslands based on six criteria, including: (1) vegetation composition and forage cover (tame or modified-tame), (2) the status of vegetation as either desirable (i.e., tall, productive forages) or non-desirable (non-palatable) species in tame pasture, (3) hydrologic function and nutrient cycling (abundance of litter), (4) site stability (exposed mineral soil and evidence of erosion), (5) noxious weeds, and (6) encroachment by woody plants (scoring is summarized in Pyle, Hall, & Bork, 2018). In total, 60% of the health score arises from vegetation attributes, 25% from hydrologic function, and 15% from site stability (Adams et al., 2010). 5. Literature Cited Adams, B. W., Ehlert, G., Stone, C., Lawrence, D., Alexander, M., Willoughby, M., Hincz, C., Moisey, D., Burkinshaw, A., Carlson, J., & France, K. (2010). Rangeland health assessment for grassland, forest and tame pasture. Public Lands and Forests Division, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Alberta, Canada. \u00a0 Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, B\u00e9lisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, & Contributors. (2018). Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Online at http://data.canadensys.net/vascan. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.3100\u00a0 [accessed in August 2018] \u00a0 Moss, E. H., & Packer, J. G. (1983). Flora of Alberta: a manual of flowering plants, conifers, ferns, and fern allies found growing without cultivation in the Province of Alberta, Canada (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press, London, Ontario, Canada. Province of Alberta. 2010. Weed Control Act. Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Pyle, L. A, Hall, L. M. & Bork, E. W. (2018). Linking management practices with range health in northern temperate pastures. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 98(3), 657-671. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2017-0223 Pyle, L. A, Hall, L. M., & Bork, E. W. (2019). Soil properties in northern temperate pastures do not vary with management practices and are independent of rangeland health. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 99(4), 495-507. https://doi.org/10.1139/CJSS-2019-0076 Thomas, A. G. (1985). Weed survey system used in Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Science, 33(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500083892", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pasture management", "plant composition", "vegetation composition", "disturbance legacy", "15. Life on land", "rangeland health", "12. Responsible consumption", "fire history", "cultivation", "soil properties", "pasture inputs", "FOS: Other agricultural sciences", "producer survey"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "name": "item", "description": "10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5061/dryad.c2fqz6175"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr9960273", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-06", "title": "Comparison Of Legume-Based Cropping Systems At Warra, Queensland .1. Soil Nitrogen And Organic Carbon Accretion And Potentially Mineralisable Nitrogen", "description": "Effects on soil nitrogen accretion and potentially mineralisable nitrogen were studied as part of a long-term field experiment established in 1986 to test alternative legume-based systems for restoring fertility in a Vertisol. Organic C accretion was also measured to ascertain the changes in organic matter content. The systems, which were studied only during 1989 and 1990, were a grass+legume ley (purple pigeon grass, Rhodes grass, lucerne, annual medics) of 4 years duration followed by wheat; a 2-year rotation of wheat (lucerne undersown) and lucerne; a 2-year rotation of wheat (medic undersown) and medic; a 2-year rotation of chickpea and wheat; and continuous wheat as control. Soil total N and organic C significantly increased in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm soil layer only under the grass+legume ley. There was no significant change in the soil C/N ratio. Plant residues contained from 52 to 104 kg N/ha in 1990 at the end of the legume phase, with high values for root N in the grass+legume ley. A comparison of N accretion versus fixation at the end of the legume-based systems in 1990 showed that net accumulation of N exceeded fixation in soil under lucerne and grass+legume leys; in the latter, net accumulation of 779 kg N/ha over 3.75 years was measured compared with 384 kg N/ha for N2 fixation. Part of the accumulation of N may have been due to uptake of NH4-N from the deep subsoil. Although values for soil mineral N (0\uffe2\uff80\uff93120 cm) were low at the end of all the legume-based systems, a deep subsoil (120\uffe2\uff80\uff93300 cm) accumulation of NH4-N was found in all treatments. The nitrogen mineralisation potentials (No) for 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm depth samples taken at the end of the legume phase in 1989 were higher in all the legume-based systems (105\uffe2\uff80\uff93182 mg N/kg) than the wheat control (57 mg N/kg). The rapid biological tests of N availability, both waterlogged and aerobic incubation, were more sensitive to treatment differences than No, in the surface and subsoil (range 12\uffe2\uff80\uff9378 mg N/kg for 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310 cm soil for the waterlogged procedure). The rapid chemical tests, hot KCl extraction and the autoclave index, showed small treatment effects and did not appear to be useful availability indices. The pasture management (graced v. mown and removed) had no significant effect on total N, organic C and N availability indices in this alkaline Vertisol during the study period.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cropping systems", "Availability", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "630", "Accumulation", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "Methods and systems of culture. Cropping systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "Pasture leys", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr9960273"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr9960273", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr9960273", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr9960273"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr9960289", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-06", "title": "Comparison Of Legume-Based Cropping Systems At Warra, Queensland .2. Mineral Nitrogen Accumulation And Availability To The Subsequent Wheat Crop", "description": "Mineral nitrogen release following legume-based cropping systems for restoring the fertility of a Vertisol and the yield response and N uptake of subsequent wheat crops was studied. Legume phases of pastures, including a 4 year grass+legume ley, and lucerne and medic leys (~1 year) were terminated in October 1988 or 1989 and rotated with wheat. Chickpea-wheat rotations matched those of lucerne and medic leys. Mineral N accumulations during a subsequent fallow period were determined by core sampling to 1.5 m in October, February and May. Grain yield and N uptake of wheat enabled comparisons of the fertility restorative effects of the various systems relative to continuous wheat cropping. Averaged for two fallow periods, increases in mineral N down to 1.2 m depth were 93, 91, 68, and 37 kg/ha following grass+legume, lucerne and medic leys, and chickpea, respectively, compared with the continuous wheat treatment. Wheat yields were generally lower in 1989 (1.85\uffe2\uff80\uff932.88 t/ha) than in 1990 (2.08\uffe2\uff80\uff933.59 t/ha) following all leys and crops due to seasonal conditions. There was a grain yield increase of 0.11 and 0.52 t/ha in 1989 and 1.23 and 1.26 t/ha in 1990 following lucerne and medic leys, respectively and 0.85 t/ha in 1990 following a 4 year grass+legume ley. Following chickpea there was a yield increase of 0.81 and 1.36 t/ha in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Nitrogen uptake by wheat was increased by 40 and 49 kg/ha in 1989 and 48 and 58 kg/ha in 1990 following lucerne and medic leys respectively and 63 kg/ha in 1990 following a 4 year grass+legume ley. Following chickpea N uptake by wheat was increased by 27 and 32 kg/ha in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Grain protein concentration of wheat was substantially higher following all pasture leys (11.7\uffe2\uff80\uff9315.8%) than following wheat (8.0\uffe2\uff80\uff939.4%) or chickpea (9.4\uffe2\uff80\uff9310.1%). Therefore, there was substantial evidence of the effectiveness of pasture leys in soil fertility restoration, as reflected in mineral N, yield response and N uptake by subsequent wheat crops.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "571", "Field crops", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "0402 animal and dairy science", "Methods and systems of culture. Cropping systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soils. Soil science", "Pasture leys", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr9960289"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr9960289", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr9960289", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr9960289"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1996-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0199127", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-06-20", "title": "Fungal communities associated with almond throughout crop development: Implications for aflatoxin biocontrol management in California", "description": "Interactions between pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungal species in the tree canopy are complex and can determine if disease will manifest in the plant and in other organisms such as honey bees. Seasonal dynamics of fungi were studied in an almond orchard in California where experimental release of the atoxigenic biopesticide Aspergillus flavus AF36 to displace toxigenic Aspergillus strains has been conducted for five years. The presence of the vegetative compatibility group (VCG) YV36, to which AF36 belongs, in the blossoms, and the honey bees that attend these blossoms, was assessed. In blossoms, A. flavus frequencies ranged from 0 to 4.5%, depending on the year of study. Frequencies of honey bees carrying A. flavus ranged from 6.5 to 10%. Only one A. flavus isolate recovered from a blossom in 2016 belonged to YV36, while members of the VCG were not detected contaminating honey bees. Exposure of pollinator honey bees to AF36 was detected to be very low. The density of several Aspergillus species was found to increase during almond hull split and throughout the final stages of maturation; this also occurred in pistachio orchards during the maturation period. Additionally, we found that AF36 effectively limited almond aflatoxin contamination in laboratory assays. This study provides knowledge and understanding of the seasonal dynamics of Aspergillus fungi and will help design aflatoxin management strategies for almond. The evidence of the low levels of VCG YV36 encountered on almond blossoms and bees during pollination and AF36's effectiveness in limiting aflatoxin contamination in almond provided additional support for the registration of AF36 with USEPA to use in almond in California.", "keywords": ["honey bees", "Crop and Pasture Production", "Crops", " Agricultural", "0301 basic medicine", "aflatoxins", "570", "General Science & Technology", "Science", "Veterinary and Food Sciences", "Crops", "Food Contamination", "Flowers", "Microbiology", "630", "California", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "aspergillus flavus", "Aflatoxins", "Species Specificity", "Animals", "Nuts", "california", "Pest Control", " Biological", "Pollination", "2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural", "Q", "R", "almonds", "Feeding Behavior", "Biological Sciences", "Bees", "Biological", "Prunus dulcis", "Emerging Infectious Diseases", "Infectious Diseases", "Pistacia", "Food Microbiology", "Medicine", "Pest Control", "Research Article", "Aspergillus flavus", "Mycobiome"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt84b3j5md/qt84b3j5md.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199127"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PLOS%20ONE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1371/journal.pone.0199127", "name": "item", "description": "10.1371/journal.pone.0199127", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1371/journal.pone.0199127"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-06-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/01140671.2016.1229345", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:18:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-09-16", "title": "A Long-Term Vegetable Crop Rotation Study To Determine Effects On Soil Microbial Communities And Soilborne Diseases Of Potato And Onion", "description": "ABSTRACTA rotation trial spanning nine consecutive growing seasons was established in 2004 to study cumulative effects of specific onion- and potato-focused crop rotations on soil nutrient levels, soil biological communities, plant productivity and soilborne diseases. Soil microbial activity, as determined by fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, was greatest in the \u2018sustainable\u2019 potato rotation in five of the 6 years that the test was carried out. Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 3 DNA was first detected in potato monoculture soils in the fifth year, with numbers increasing from then on, but was not detected in the onion monoculture throughout the trial period. Potato yields were greater when a crop other than potato was grown in the previous year compared with when potatoes were the preceding crop. After 2005, mean annual onion yields from the onion monoculture were less than yields from the other rotations. Black scurf on potato tubers was the primary soilborne disease observed during the study, and th...", "keywords": ["soil microflora", "ANZSRC::3004 Crop and pasture production", "2. Zero hunger", "crop rotations", "onion production", "potato production", "ANZSRC::3008 Horticultural production", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soilborne pathogens", "15. Life on land", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2016.1229345"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Zealand%20Journal%20of%20Crop%20and%20Horticultural%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/01140671.2016.1229345", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/01140671.2016.1229345", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/01140671.2016.1229345"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-09-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.12327", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-20", "title": "Changes in organic carbon and nitrogen in soil with metal pollution by Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn: a meta-analysis", "description": "SummaryOrganic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) storage in soil plays an important role in global climate change and in maintaining food security. Pollution of soil with heavy metals has occurred in many parts of the world, but their effects on soil OC and N have not been well addressed. Relevant data were extracted from peer\uffe2\uff80\uff90reviewed journal papers and analysed by a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis to determine how long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term heavy metal pollution affected soil OC and N status. Plant biomass decreased significantly because heavy metals in soil decreased soil OC and N concentrations by 5.0 and 17.9%, respectively, but increased the C/N ratio by 5.1%. The largest reductions in soil OC and N concentrations were in soil more strongly polluted by metals. The changes in soil OC and N with metal pollution varied with climatic conditions. More substantial decreases in OC and N concentrations were likely to occur in polluted soil with large background contents of OC and low pH. Overall, heavy metals were linked to greater reductions in soil OC and N concentrations in natural ecosystems than in agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecosystems. These results provided a quantitative evaluation of the effects of heavy metal pollution on the decrease in soil C and N concentrations and, therefore, on global climate change. Further consideration should be given to changes in the cycling of C and N in soil polluted with metals in natural and agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecosystems.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "anzsrc-for: 0503 Soil Sciences", "550", "anzsrc-for: 4105 Pollution and Contamination", "anzsrc-for: 0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "anzsrc-for: 4106 Soil sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "41 Environmental Sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "anzsrc-for: 41 Environmental Sciences", "anzsrc-for: 0607 Plant Biology", "4105 Pollution and Contamination", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12327"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.12327", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.12327", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.12327"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-22", "title": "Inconsistent effects of agricultural practices on soil fungal communities across twelve European long\u2010term experiments", "description": "AbstractCropping practices have a great potential to improve soil quality through changes in soil biota. Yet the effects of these soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90improving cropping systems on soil fungal communities are not well known. Here, we analysed soil fungal communities using standardized measurements in 12 long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments across Europe. We were interested in whether the same practices (i.e., tillage, fertilization, organic amendments and cover crops) applied across different sites have predictable and repeatable effects on soil fungal communities and guilds. The fungal communities were very variable across sites located in different soil types and climatic regions. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were the fungal guild with most unique species in individual sites, whereas plant pathogenic fungi were most shared between the sites. The fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently in different sites and only fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi, whereas the responses to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site, soil and crop\uffe2\uff80\uff90species specific. We further show that the crop yield is negatively affected by cropping practices aimed at improving soil health. Yet, we show that these practices have the potential to change the fungal communities and that change in plant pathogenic fungi and in AMF is linked to the yield. We further link the soil fungal community and guilds to soil abiotic characteristics and reveal that especially Mn, K, Mg and pH affect the composition of fungi across sites. In summary, we show that fungal communities vary considerably between sites and that there are no clear directional responses in fungi or fungal guilds across sites to soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90improving cropping systems, but that the responses vary based on soil abiotic conditions, crop type and climatic conditions.
Highlights
Soil fungi were analysed using standardized measurements in 12 long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments
Fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently at different sites
Only reduced fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi, whereas the responses to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site specific.
Fungal community structure varied significantly between sites, crops and climate conditions; therefore, more cross\uffe2\uff80\uff90site studies are needed in order to manage beneficial soil fungi in agricultural systems.
", "keywords": ["soil‐", "DIVERSITY", "0607 Plant Biology", "0703 Crop and Pasture Production", "Soil Science", "ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI", "FERTILIZATION", "improving cropping systems", "soil fungi", "0503 Soil Sciences", "S Agriculture (General)", "CROPS", "METAANALYSIS", "TILLAGE", "2. Zero hunger", "Science & Technology", "long‐", "LAND-USE", "soil-improving cropping systems", "Agriculture", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "PERFORMANCE", "15. Life on land", "4106 Soil sciences", "long-term experiments", "organic amendments", "tillage", "term experiments", "POPULATIONS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BIODIVERSITY", "Life Sciences & Biomedicine"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"href": "https://rau.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/16456/1/ejss.13090.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.13090", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.13090"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-18T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00665.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-06-01", "title": "Effects Of Increasing Fire Frequency On Black Carbon And Organic Matter In Podzols Of Siberian Scots Pine Forests", "description": "SummaryFires in boreal forests frequently convert organic matter in the organic layer to black carbon, but we know little of how changing fire frequency alters the amount, composition and distribution of black carbon and organic matter within soils, or affects podzolization. We compared black carbon and organic matter (organic carbon and nitrogen) in soils of three Siberian Scots pine forests with frequent, moderately frequent and infrequent fires.
Black carbon did not significantly contribute to the storage of organic matter, most likely because it is consumed by intense fires. We found 99% of black carbon in the organic layer; maximum stocks were 72\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922. Less intense fires consumed only parts of the organic layer and converted some organic matter to black carbon (>\uffe2\uff80\uff835\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922), whereas more intense fires consumed almost the entire organic layer. In the upper 0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83m of the mineral soil, black carbon stocks were 0.1\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 in the infrequent fire regime.
After fire, organic carbon and nitrogen in the organic layer accumulated with an estimated rate of 14.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 or 0.241\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921. Maximum stocks 140\uffe2\uff80\uff83years after fire were 2190\uffe2\uff80\uff83g organic C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 and 40\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, with no differences among fire regimes. With increasing fire frequency, stocks of organic carbon increased from 600 to 1100\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 (0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83m). Stocks of nitrogen in the mineral soil were similar among the regimes (0.04\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). We found that greater intensities of fire reduce amounts of organic matter in the organic layer but that the greater frequencies may slightly increase amounts in the mineral soil.
", "keywords": ["Crop and Pasture Production", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "Soil Sciences", "Plant Biology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Agronomy & Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Czimczik, CI, Schmidt, MWI, Schulze, E\u2010D,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt2m28h4tt/qt2m28h4tt.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00665.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00665.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00665.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00665.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-10-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-02", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co2, Cutting Frequency, And Differential Day/Night Atmospheric Warming On Root Growth And Turnover Of Phalaris Swards", "description": "AbstractWe investigated seasonal root production and root turnover of fertilized and well\uffe2\uff80\uff90watered monocultures of Phalaris for 2 years using minirhizotrons installed in six newly designed temperature gradient tunnels, combined with sequential soil coring. Elevated atmospheric CO2 treatments were combined with two cutting frequencies and three warming scenarios: no warming, +3.0/+3.0 and +2.2/+4.0\uffc2\uffb0C (day/night) atmospheric warming. The elevated CO2 treatment increased both new and net root length production primarily when combined with atmospheric warming, where the constant warming treatment had a greater positive effect than the increased night\uffe2\uff80\uff90time warming treatment. Responses to elevated CO2 were greater when the swards were cut more frequently and responsiveness varied with season. For Phalaris swards, 17% of total net primary productivity went belowground. On account of root turnover, only one\uffe2\uff80\uff90third of the new roots produced in the year following establishment could be expected, on average, to be recovered from soil cores. The interaction between the effects of CO2 and warming, combined with the differential effects of the two warming treatments, has important implications for modelling belowground responses to projected climate change.
", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "net primary production", "Minirhizotron", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "carbon dioxide enrichment", "fine root", "01 natural sciences", "Root turnover", "Keywords: belowground production", "climate change", "Defoliation", "13. Climate action", "Phalaris Biomass allocation", "Night-time warming", "Pasture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "CO2", "Fine roots", "biomass allocation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/54642/5/Volder_Gifford_Evans_-_Elevated_atmospheric_CO2_Phalaris.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/54642/7/01_Volder_Effects_of_elevated_2007.pdf.jpg"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01321.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-03-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:19:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-13", "title": "Does Greater Night-Time, Rather Than Constant, Warming Alter Growth Of Managed Pasture Under Ambient And Elevated Atmospheric Co2?", "description": "Summary \u2022 This study examined the effects of warming, elevated atmospheric CO 2 and cutting regimen on the growth of Phalaris aquatica cv. Holdfast swards. \u2022 Six temperature gradient tunnels (TGT) were used to manipulate both air temperature and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (ambient and 750 ppm). Within each tunnel, there were three temperature treatments: no warming, constant warming of +3.0 \u00b0 C and a daytime warming of 2.2 \u00b0 C combined with a night-time warming of 4.0 \u00b0 C and two defoliation frequencies. \u2022A veraged across 20 months of growth, there was a positive effect of elevated atmospheric CO 2 (+11%), no effect of either warming treatment and a negative effect of frequent cutting ( \u2212 19%) on total above ground biomass production. The responses to all treatments, however, were strongly seasonal. \u2022 Positive responses to CO 2 were statistically significant only in the spring, when plant growth was strongest. No evidence was found that high night-time warming had different effects on plant growth and plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO 2 , than constant warming.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "warming", "Phalaris aquatica Biomass production", "growth response", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "pasture", "03 medical and health sciences", "Phalaris aquatica", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Keywords: carbon dioxide enrichment", "Phalaris", "Elevated CO2", "mowing"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01025.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/1809-43921999291056", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-06-27", "title": "Mudan\u00e7as Na Biomassa Microbiana E Nas Tansforma\u00e7\u00f5es De Nitrog\u00eanio Do Solo Em Uma Sequ\u00eancia De Idades De Pastagens Ap\u00f3s Derruba E Queima Da Floresta Na Amaz\u00f4nia Central", "description": "Foram estudadas mudan\uffc3\uffa7as nos par\uffc3\uffa2metros bioqu\uffc3\uffadmicos do solo em resultado da derruba e queima da floresta tropical na Amaz\uffc3\uffb4nia brasileira para o estabelecimento de pastagens atrav\uffc3\uffa9s da biomassa microbiana, um sens\uffc3\uffadvel indicador de modifica\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es na fertilidade do solo. Na sequ\uffc3\uffaancia de idades das pastagens estudadas (de 2 a 13 anos), a biomassa microbiana e a respira\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o na camada superficial de 0-5 cm do solo aumentaram at\uffc3\uffa9 os cinco anos ap\uffc3\uffb3s o estabelecimento da pastagem, seguindo-se um decl\uffc3\uffadnio progressivo, que se acentua ap\uffc3\uffb3s o oitavo ano da pastagem. As baixas taxas de mineraliza\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do nitrog\uffc3\uffaanio no solo sugerem que o estoque de N org\uffc3\uffa2nico est\uffc3\uffa1 diminuindo, o que pode levar a defici\uffc3\uffaancias de nitrog\uffc3\uffaanio nos solos das pastagens mais velhas. A massa total de ra\uffc3\uffadzes nos primeiros 20 cm do solo diminuiu drasticamente com a idade da pastagem. A rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o C/N das ra\uffc3\uffadzes finas na pastagem foi mais elevada do que na floresta madura. Isto pode indicar a forma\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o, pela gram\uffc3\uffadnea da pastagem, de uma mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica com potencial mais baixo de libera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de nutrientes minerais do que a originalmente produzida pela floresta, o que pode estar contribuindo para a baixa produtividade das pastagens a m\uffc3\uffa9dio prazo e para sua posterior degrada\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o. O per\uffc3\uffadodo de 5 anos de pousio ap\uffc3\uffb3s o abandono ainda foi curto para recuperar um solo de pastagem usada moderadamente para pastejo por cerca de 4 anos.
", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Science (General)", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen Mineralization", "degrada\u00e7\u00e3o dos solos", "01 natural sciences", "Microbial Biomass", "Old Pastures", "biomassa microbiana", "Q1-390", "pastagens", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineraliza\u00e7\u00e3o do nitrog\u00eanio org\u00e2nico"], "contacts": [{"organization": "LUIZ\u00c3O, Regina C. C, COSTA, Enir Salazar, LUIZ\u00c3O, Fl\u00e1vio J,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43921999291056"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Acta%20Amazonica", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/1809-43921999291056", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/1809-43921999291056", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/1809-43921999291056"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832006000200006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-02", "title": "Biomassa Microbiana E Mat\u00e9ria Org\u00e2nica Leve Em Solos Sob Sistemas Agr\u00edcolas Org\u00e2nico E Convencional Na Chapada Da Ibiapaba - Ce", "description": "Em muitos casos, a substitui\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o da vegeta\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o nativa por sistemas agr\uffc3\uffadcolas resulta em decr\uffc3\uffa9scimo nos conte\uffc3\uffbados de C e N nos diferentes compartimentos da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica do solo. Para testar se as pr\uffc3\uffa1ticas de manejo que priorizam o aporte de res\uffc3\uffadduos org\uffc3\uffa2nicos promovem aumento dos compartimentos da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica mais sens\uffc3\uffadveis ao manejo, este estudo se prop\uffc3\uffb4s estudar \uffc3\uffa1reas de uma propriedade que utiliza um sistema de produ\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de acerola em larga escala, sob manejo org\uffc3\uffa2nico, e uma \uffc3\uffa1rea sob cultivo convencional de cenoura e beterraba em rota\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o com milho, pertencentes \uffc3\uffa0 Fazenda Amway Nutrilite do Brasil e \uffc3\uffa0 Associa\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o de Horticultores do Pivot Central, respectivamente, ambas localizadas na regi\uffc3\uffa3o da Chapada da Ibiapaba, Cear\uffc3\uffa1. Selecionou-se, tamb\uffc3\uffa9m, uma \uffc3\uffa1rea de pastagem localizada no interior da primeira propriedade amostrada, bem como \uffc3\uffa1reas sob mata nativa, pr\uffc3\uffb3ximas \uffc3\uffa0s \uffc3\uffa1reas de cultivo. Amostras de um Neossolo Quartzar\uffc3\uffaanico foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-5 e 5-15 cm e foram determinados os teores de C org\uffc3\uffa2nico total, de C e N microbiano (Cmic e Nmic) e da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica leve (Cmol e Nmol), al\uffc3\uffa9m do C mineraliz\uffc3\uffa1vel obtido por respirometria. O ac\uffc3\uffbamulo m\uffc3\uffa9dio nos estoques de Nmic nas \uffc3\uffa1reas sob manejo org\uffc3\uffa2nico em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata nativa foi de 11,7 kg ha-1, o que representou um incremento de 585 % de Nmic nas \uffc3\uffa1reas de cultivo. J\uffc3\uffa1 na pastagem, ocorreu ac\uffc3\uffbamulo de 211 kg ha-1 no estoque de Cmic em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata nativa em subsuperf\uffc3\uffadcie, representando um incremento de 514,6 %. Por outro lado, os estoques de Cmic no cultivo convencional sofreram redu\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es de 59 e 53 %, nas camadas de 0-5 e de 5-15 cm, respectivamente, em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata nativa. Os estoques de Cmol obtidos nas linhas de cultivo nos sistemas org\uffc3\uffa2nicos apresentaram incremento de 106 %, na camada de 0-5 cm, em rela\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o \uffc3\uffa0 mata; no sistema convencional, por\uffc3\uffa9m, constatou-se uma redu\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o em 31 % no estoque de Cmol na camada superficial. Os resultados indicaram que o manejo realizado nas \uffc3\uffa1reas sob cultivo org\uffc3\uffa2nico com acerola e pastagem contribuiu para a manuten\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o e recupera\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o dos conte\uffc3\uffbados de C e N da biomassa microbiana (BMS) e da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica leve (MOL) do solo. Os incrementos e, ou, redu\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffb5es de C e N nos compartimentos BMS e MOL, comparativamente \uffc3\uffa0 \uffc3\uffa1rea nativa de refer\uffc3\uffaancia, foram proporcionalmente maiores que os valores obtidos, quando considerados somente os estoques de C org\uffc3\uffa2nico e N totais, principalmente na \uffc3\uffa1rea sob sistema de cultivo convencional. Isto indica serem tais compartimentos sens\uffc3\uffadveis \uffc3\uffa0s mudan\uffc3\uffa7as no estado da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica de acordo com o manejo. Os sistemas de manejo org\uffc3\uffa2nico e pastagem constituem estrat\uffc3\uffa9gias de manejo importantes que devem ser consideradas para a conserva\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o e, ou, aumento da mat\uffc3\uffa9ria org\uffc3\uffa2nica e, conseq\uffc3\uffbcentemente, para a melhoria da qualidade do solo e implementa\uffc3\uffa7\uffc3\uffa3o do seq\uffc3\uffbcestro de C na regi\uffc3\uffa3o da Chapada da Ibiapaba, Cear\uffc3\uffa1.
", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "C mineraliz\u00e1vel", "green manure", "biodynamic agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sustainability", "aduba\u00e7\u00e3o verde", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "pasture", "agricultura biodin\u00e2mica", "pastagem", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "qualidade do solo", "soil quality", "sustentabilidade", "mineralizable C", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832006000200006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832006000200006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832006000200006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832006000200006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832010000300013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-13T16:20:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-04-15", "title": "Physical Quality Of A Yellow Latossol Under Integrated Crop-Livestock System", "description": "Soil physical quality is essential to global sustainability of agroecosystems, once it is related to processes that are essential to agricultural crop development. This study aimed to evaluate physical attributes of a Yellow Latossol under different management systems in the savanna area in the state of Piaui. This study was developed in Uru\uffc3\uffa7u\uffc3\uffad southwest of the state of Piau\uffc3\uffad. Three systems of soil management were studied: an area under conventional tillage (CT) with disk plowi and heavy harrow and soybean crop; an area under no-tillage with soybean-maize rotation and millet as cover crop (NT + M); two areas under Integrated Crop-Livestock System, with five-month pasture grazing and soybean cultivation and then continuous pasture grazing (ICL + S and ICL + P, respectively). Also, an area under Native Forest (NF) was studied. The soil depths studied were 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. Soil bulk density, as well as porosity and stability of soil aggregates were analyzed as physical attributes. Anthropic action has changed the soil physical attributes, in depth, in most systems studied, in comparison to NF. In the 0.00 to 0.05 m depth, ICL + P showed higher soil bulk density value. As to macroporosity, there was no difference between the management systems studied and NF. The management systems studied changed the soil structure, having, as a result, a small proportion of soil in great aggregate classes (MWD). Converting native forest into agricultural production systems changes the soil physical quality. The Integrated Crop-Livestock System did not promote the improvement in soil physical quality.
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