{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10261/352248", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-23", "title": "Long-term restoration with organic amendments is clearer evidenced by soil organic matter composition than by changes in microbial taxonomy and functionality", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic residues", "Circular economy", "SOM molecular composition", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Soil recovery", "Climate change", "Microbiome", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/352248"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/352248", "name": "item", "description": "10261/352248", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/352248"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10317/18590", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-06-27", "title": "Intensive vegetable production under plastic mulch: A field study on soil plastic and pesticide residues and their effects on the soil microbiome", "description": "Intensive agriculture relies on external inputs to reach high productivity and profitability. Plastic mulch, mainly in the form of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), is widely used in agriculture to decrease evaporation, increase soil temperature and prevent weeds. The incomplete removal of LDPE mulch after use causes plastic contamination in agricultural soils. In conventional agriculture, the use of pesticides also leaves residues accumulating in soils. Thus, the objective of this study was to measure plastic and pesticide residues in agricultural soils and their effects on the soil microbiome. For this, we sampled soil (0-10\u00a0cm and 10-30\u00a0cm) from 18 parcels from 6 vegetable farms in SE Spain. The farms were under either organic or conventional management, where plastic mulch had been used for >25\u00a0years. We measured the macro- and micro-light density plastic debris contents, the pesticide residue levels, and a range of physiochemical properties. We also carried out DNA sequencing on the soil fungal and bacterial communities. Plastic debris (>100\u00a0\u03bcm) was found in all samples with an average number of 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0103\u00a0particles\u00a0kg-1 and area of 60\u00a0cm2\u00a0kg-1. We found 4-10 different pesticide residues in all conventional soils, for an average of 140\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0kg-1. Overall, pesticide content was \u223c100 times lower in organic farms. The soil microbiomes were farm-specific and related to different soil physicochemical parameters and contaminants. Regarding contaminants, bacterial communities responded to the total pesticide residues, the fungicide Azoxystrobin and the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole as well as the plastic area. The fungicide Boscalid was the only contaminant to influence the fungal community. The wide spread of plastic and pesticide residues in agricultural soil and their effects on soil microbial communities may impact crop production and other environmental services. More studies are required to evaluate the total costs of intensive agriculture.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Plastic mulch", "Soil microbiome", "Microbiota", "Microplastic", "Pesticide Residues", "Pesticides residues", "Agriculture", "12. Garantizar modalidades de consumo y producci\u00f3n sostenibles", "15. Life on land", "Fungicides", " Industrial", "Edafolog\u00eda y Qu\u00edmica Agr\u00edcola", "Soil", "Intensive vegetable production", "13. Climate action", "Agriculture contamination", "Polyethylene", "Vegetables", "31 Ciencias Agrarias::3101 Agroqu\u00edmica", "Pesticides"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10317/18590"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10317/18590", "name": "item", "description": "10317/18590", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10317/18590"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11370/a5fba259-dd61-43ac-8b8a-86b2d5fd6cef", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-23T16:25:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-08-20", "title": "Regenerating productivity after soil fertility depletion in a 20-year cotton\u2013maize rotation in Benin", "description": "Abstract

Soil degradation is a major challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa, where integrated soil fertility management has been promoted to restore productivity. A long-term experiment (1972\uffe2\uff80\uff931992) run in Benin consisted of two phases: a depletion phase (1972\uffe2\uff80\uff931980) with varying levels of mineral and organic fertilisation, and a regeneration phase (1981\uffe2\uff80\uff931992) where all plots received full fertilisation and organic matter additions. Soils were sampled at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm depth in 1973, 1974, 1982, and 1989 to assess fertility changes. Mineral fertilisation (N, P, K) and plant biomass management (crop residue retention and biomass additions) significantly influenced seed cotton and maize grain yields during the depletion phase. Soil organic carbon declined consistently in all treatments during depletion but remained stable during regeneration. The long-term effect was evident only in seed cotton yield during depletion. In contrast, due to high variability, maize grain yield showed no consistent trend. The combined use of organic resources and mineral fertilisers helped maintain crop productivity but led to declining soil chemical properties in this Ferralsol. The analysis of this outdated yet unpublished dataset shed light on how long-term soil depletion effects persist over time, even when soil fertility management is restored, indicating a sort of \uffe2\uff80\uff98soil memory\uffe2\uff80\uff99. The persistence of these effect suggests that regenerative interventions must begin before critical thresholds of degradation are crossed. Future research should focus on alternative measures to restore/maintain soil fertility not evaluated in this experiment, such as conservation tillage or legume integration, to provide long-term benefits for smallholder farmers facing soil fertility challenges.The benefits of soil organic input on crop yields have long been discussed, yet details of their relationship remain controversial. This study considers the effects of different residue management on crop performance as assessed by yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Three residue management (residue removal, residue incorporation, and residue incorporation\uffe2\uff80\uff89+\uffe2\uff80\uff89added poultry manure), combined with five levels of N application, were studied in a long-term experiment starting in 1966. Crop residue incorporation improved maize yield by 12% (nutritional effect) and sugar beet yield by 16% (non-nutritional), and the combination of crop residue incorporation with added poultry manure increased both winter wheat and sugar beet yields by 8% (nutritional effect). The NUE values of mineral fertiliser were almost three-fold those of residues and the combination of residue with poultry manure, except in sugar beet and maize, where NUE of mineral fertilizer approached those observed for residues (0.44 vs 0.45, on average). In wheat, NUE for residue incorporation with added poultry manure was nearly double the NUE for residues alone. Residue management effects depended on crop type; spring-sown crops showing stronger effects than those sown in autumn. Residues primarily produced a nutritional effect, suggesting that they decomposed within 1\uffc2\uffa0year. While residue use offers little potential for soil improvement, it does reduce the need for fertilisers.