{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-12-12", "title": "Simulating Trends In Soil Organic Carbon Of An Acrisol Under No-Tillage And Disc-Plow Systems Using The Century Model", "description": "Soil organic matter (SOM) and its different pools have key importance in nutrient availability, soil structure, in the flux of trace gases between land surface and the atmosphere, and thus improving soil health. This is particularly critical for tropical soils. The rates of accumulation and decomposition of carbon in SOM are influenced by several factors that are best embodied by simulation models. However, little is known about the performance of SOM simulation model in an acid tropical soil under different tillage systems including no-tillage (NT). Our objective was to simulate soil organic matter dynamics on an Acrisol under no-tillage and different plowed systems using Century model. Tillage systems consisted of no-tillage, disc plow, heavy disc harrow followed by disc plow, and heavy disc harrow. Soil C stocks simulated by Century model showed tendency to recovery only under no-tillage. Also, simulated amounts of C stocks of slow and active pools were more sensitive to management impacts than total organic C. The values estimated by Century of soil C stocks and organic carbon in the slow and passive pools fitted satisfactorily with the measured data. Thus fitted, except for the active pool, Century showed acceptable performance in the prediction of SOM dynamics in an acid tropical soil.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-21", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration To Mitigate Climate Change", "description": "The increase in atmospheric concentration of CO2 by 31% since 1750 from fossil fuel combustion and land use change necessitates identification of strategies for mitigating the threat of the attendant global warming. Since the industrial revolution, global emissions of carbon (C) are estimated at 270F30 Pg (Pg=petagram=10 15 g=1 billion ton) due to fossil fuel combustion and 136F55 Pg due to land use change and soil cultivation. Emissions due to land use change include those by deforestation, biomass burning, conversion of natural to agricultural ecosystems, drainage of wetlands and soil cultivation. Depletion of soil organic C (SOC) pool have contributed 78F12 Pg of C to the atmosphere. Some cultivated soils have lost one-half to two-thirds of the original SOC pool with a cumulative loss of 30\u201340 Mg C/ha (Mg=megagram=10 6 g=1 ton). The depletion of soil C is accentuated by soil degradation and exacerbated by land misuse and soil mismanagement. Thus, adoption of a restorative land use and recommended management practices (RMPs) on agricultural soils can reduce the rate of enrichment of atmospheric CO2 while having positive impacts on food security, agro-industries, water quality and the environment. A considerable part of the depleted SOC pool can be restored through conversion of marginal lands into restorative land uses, adoption of conservation tillage with cover crops and crop residue mulch, nutrient cycling including the use of compost and manure, and other systems of sustainable management of soil and water resources. Measured rates of soil C sequestration through adoption of RMPs range from 50 to 1000 kg/ha/year. The global potential of SOC sequestration through these practices is 0.9F0.3 Pg C/year, which may offset one-fourth to one-third of the annual increase in atmospheric CO2 estimated at 3.3 Pg C/year. The cumulative potential of soil C sequestration over 25\u201350 years is 30\u201360 Pg. The soil C sequestration is a truly win\u2013win strategy. It restores degraded soils, enhances biomass production, purifies surface and ground waters, and reduces the rate of enrichment of atmospheric CO2 by offsetting emissions due to fossil fuel. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "12. Responsible consumption"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-04-10", "title": "Conversion Of Grassy Cerrado Into Riparian Forest And Its Impact On Soil Organic Matter Dynamics In An Oxisol From Southeast Brazil", "description": "Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible changes in soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics after establishing riparian forests on soils previously under Brazilian savannah (\u201ccerrado\u201d). We selected a site with a homogeneous Typic Acric Red\u2013Yellow Latosol (Anionic Acrustox). Part of this site was maintained under native vegetation (grassy cerrado C 4 -dominated), and part was planted with riparian species (C 3 ) in 1992. Litter and soil samples were collected and analysed (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, \u03b4 13 C isotopic analysis, and SOM density fractionation). Due to the predominance of grasses, carbon input was mainly below ground in cerrado. In such a soil, the decomposition process was more efficient, and much C and N were transferred to the heavy fraction. When forest was planted, there was a change from belowground to aboveground litter input (largely superficial), leading to higher C and N stocks in the light and lower stocks in the heavy fraction (resulting in lower stocks for bulk soil). The introduction of the C 3 vegetation decreased the soil \u03b4 13 C signature. It has occurred particularly in the topsoil (0\u20135 cm) due to the deposition of C 3 litter on the soil surface. At the same time, the presence of cerrado-remaining C below 5 cm maintained higher \u03b4 13 C values in this layer. During the 8 years after forest plantation, the input mode influenced both the \u03b4 13 C distribution with depth, and the C replacement: between 0 and 2.5 cm, nearly 50% of cerrado-derived C was replaced by forest-derived C, while below 5 cm, replacement was around 20%. The relatively rapid C dynamics in this Oxisol (27% replacement in the top 20 cm after 8 years of forest plantation) shows that, under tropical conditions, significant changes may occur in a short period of time.", "keywords": ["delta-c-13", "decomposition", "c-13 natural-abundance", "particle-size fractions", "turnover", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "vegetation changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "stable carbon isotope", "density fractions", "ratios", "nitrogen"], "contacts": [{"organization": "de Alcantara, F.A., Buurman, P., Furtini Neto, A.E., Curi, N., Roscoe, R.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.02.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-06-25", "title": "Organic Carbon And Its Fractions In Paddy Soil As Affected By Different Nutrient And Water Regimes", "description": "As an essential indicator of soil quality, soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions play an important role in many soil chemical, physical, and biological properties. A 4-year field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different nutrient and water regimes on paddy soil organic carbon quality by measuring the major SOC fractions. Four nutrient regimes were compared: (i) control; (ii) chemical fertilizers only (CF), (iii) combined application of chemical fertilizers with farmyard manure (FYM) (CM), and (iv) combined application of chemical fertilizers and wheat straw (CS). Two soil water regimes included continuous waterlogging (CWL) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD). The total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in paddy soil were 40-60% and 37-67% higher in the combined organic sources and chemical fertilizers treatment against the sole chemical fertilizers treatment (CF), especially under continuous waterlogging (CWL). By fractionalizing SOC, it was observed that, under the water regimes of CWL, easily oxidizable carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and mineralizable organic carbon (MNC) in the organically treated paddy soil were significantly (P 250 mum (WSA) decreased by 42-45% and clay dispersion ratio (R(CD)) increased by 12-38%, as compared to the water regimes of AWD, when FYM or wheat straw was incorporated into paddy soil. Correlation analysis showed that, under the water regimes of AWD, WSA was significantly and positively related to EOC, LFOC and POC with the coefficients (r) of 0.822, 0.889, 0.912 (P<0.01), respectively. R(CD) was negatively correlated to EOC, LFOC and POC with the r=-0.796, -0.854, and -0.897 (P<0.01), respectively, under AWD. Under the water regimes of CWL, there were no significant (P<0.05) correlations between WSA as well as R(CD) and any organic carbon fraction except POC. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Changming Yang, Zhu Ouyang, Linzhang Yang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-01-09", "title": "Status Of Humus In Soil Under Various Long-Term Tillage Systems", "description": "Abstract The content and fractional composition of humus in soil exposed to conventional, shallow and minimum tillage for 40 years was investigated on Cambisols. Humus status depended on tillage methods and depth. In cultivated soil, conventional annual tillage can be replaced by shallow or minimum tillage, since this significantly increased soil humus content in the 0\u201310 and 10\u201320 cm soil layers. In both experiments with lower (Experiment 1) and higher (Experiment 2) application rates of mineral fertilizer, in the whole 0\u201330 cm layer in the minimum soil tillage systems (MT1 and MT2), the content of humus significantly increased, and in the shallow tillage system (ShT), it did not differ significantly, compared with conventional tillage (CT). In both experiments, the content of humus in the 0\u201310 and 10\u201320 cm layers of the shallow tillage treatment was significantly higher than that in the 20\u201330 cm layer. Having replaced the conventional soil tillage by shallow or both minimum tillage systems, humus quality (characterized by the parameters of humus fractional composition) remained similar. The data of humus fractional composition showed that abandonment of conventional tillage results in a significant increase in stable soil humus forms. Application of shallow and minimum soil tillage systems significantly increased the content of humic acids strongly bound with the soil clay minerals in the 0\u201330 cm layer in both experiments, except ShT in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, with lower application rates of mineral fertilizer, minimum soil tillage systems (MT1 and MT2) significantly increased the E4:E6 ratio of humic acids, which indicated suitable conditions for humification and the existence of high molecular humic acids in the soil.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J. Slepetys, A. Slepetiene,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2005-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-01-06", "title": "Storage Of Organic Carbon In Aggregate And Density Fractions Of Silty Soils Under Different Types Of Land Use", "description": "The type of land use and soil cultivation are important factors controlling organic carbon storage in soils and they may also change the relative importance of different mechanisms of soil organic matter stabilization. Our objectives were: i) to quantify the soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) storage in silty soils under wheat, maize, grassland and spruce, ii) to determine the SOC and N storage in water-stable aggregates of different size ( 2000 \u03bcm) and in density fractions (Mineral-associated soil organic matter >2 g cm -3 (Mineral-SOM), free particulate organic matter 1000 \u03bcm were most abundant in the grassland and forest soil. The SOC concentration and the C/N ratio were greater for macroaggregates (>250 \u03bcm) than microaggregates ( 1000 \u03bcm. The major part (86-91%) of the SOC was associated with the heavy mineral fraction at the grassland, maize and wheat site. In the A horizon of the spruce stand, the particulate organic matter accounted for 52% of the total SOC content. The C/N ratios of density fractions decreased in the order free POM occluded POM>Mineral-SOM for all soils and depths. The mean age of organic carbon in the water-stable aggregates in the Ap horizon of the maize site increased with decreasing aggregate size from 35 yr (>1000 \u03bcm) to 86 yr (<53 \u03bcm). For the density fractions the order was free POM (22 yr) 75% grass), a bare land without any vegetation (BL), and a cropland used for growing wheat (CL). Analysis of the soils revealed that (1) the sand content of the top 15 cm of soil increased from 50.14 to 85.61 g/kg, (2) the soil carbon decreased from 9.94 to 3.11 g organic carbon per kg soil, (3) the soil nitrogen content decreased from 0.223 to 0.844 g nitrogen per kg soil, and (4) the fractal dimension of PSD decreased from 2.92 to 2.45, following the order IGB > WCG > BL > CL. Thus, land use had considerable influences on the fractal dimension of PSD and various other soil properties. Further, this study shows that the fractal dimensions of PSD can be a useful parameter to monitor soil degradation induced by land use patterns and changes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-03-16", "title": "The Effects Of Erosional And Management History On Soil Organic Carbon Stores In Ephemeral Wetlands Of Hummocky Agricultural Landscapes", "description": "Carbon sequestration by agricultural soils has been widely promoted as a means of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. In many regions agricultural fields are just one component of a complex landscape matrix and understanding the interactions between agricultural fields and other landscape components such as wetlands is crucial for comprehensive, whole-landscape accounting of soil organic carbon (SOC) change. Our objective was to assess the effects of management and erosional history on SOC storage in wetlands of a typical hummocky agricultural landscape in southern Saskatchewan. Wetlands were classed into three land management groups: native wetlands (i.e., within a native landscape), and uncultivated and cultivated wetlands within an agricultural landscape. Detailed topographic surveys were used to develop a digital elevation model of the sites and landform segmentation algorithms were used to delineate the topographic data into landform elements. SOC density to 45 cm was assessed at seven uncultivated wetlands, seven cultivated wetlands, and twelve native wetlands. Mean SOC density decreased from 175.1 mg ha? 1 to 30 cm (equivalent mass depth) for the native wetlands to 168.6 mg ha? 1 for the uncultivated wetlands and 87.2 mg ha? 1 for the cultivated wetlands in the agricultural field. The SOC density of sediment depositional fans in the uncultivated wetlands is high but the total SOC stored in the fans is low due to their small area. The uncultivated wetlands occupy only 11% of the site but account for approximately 23% of SOC stores. Re-establishing permanent vegetation in the cultivated wetlands could provide maximum C sequestration with minimum energy inputs and a minimum loss of productive acreage but the overall consequences for the gas emissions would have to be carefully assessed.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "canada", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "deposition", "6. Clean water", "redistribution", "storage", "cultivation", "vegetation", "13. Climate action", "landform segmentation procedures", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "saskatchewan", "morainal landscape"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.11.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-01-27", "title": "Stable Isotopes For Characterisation Of Trends In Soil Carbon Following Deforestation And Land Use Change In The Highlands Of Madagascar", "description": "Abstract The impacts of human land use in the highlands of Madagascar are often equated with land degradation and decreasing soil fertility. The practice most often focused on is deforestation through slash-and-burn cultivation (tavy), and shifting cultivators are often portrayed as being ignorant, poverty-stricken peasants felling trees for fields and food. However, there is uncertainty whether soil degradation is related to recent tavy or earlier forest clearance, and whether some highland areas were ever forested. In this paper we use stable isotopes (\u03b413C) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to study the impacts of deforestation and various other land use changes on ecosystem properties, soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and soil quality (fertility) in the highlands of Madagascar. Land cover transitions (between C3 and C4 systems) are defined and quantified in the study area. Historical land use had greater effect on soil organic carbon concentrations than current land use, with cultivated areas previously under C3 and C4 systems having 37.3 and 14.8 g SOC kg\u2212\u00a01, respectively. Grasslands previously under C3 had approximately 124% more SOC than grasslands previously under C4, while SOC concentrations were 65.3 and 54.9 g C kg\u2212\u00a01 under natural forest and in mixed fallow systems, respectively. A soil fertility index developed for the study area based on diagnostic soil spectra was compared with findings related to SOC dynamics and land use change.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.11.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.11.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.11.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-05-12", "title": "Impact Of A Conversion From Cropland To Grassland On C And N Storage And Related Soil Properties: Analysis Of A 60-Year Chronosequence", "description": "Abstract Land use change can lead to changes in a range of soil properties, including soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, bulk density and pH. Previous investigations on the effects of land use change have been biased towards the impact of forest clearing and afforestation in tropical environments. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the impact of a conversion from cropland to grassland on soil properties in two districts of the Lahn-Dill Highlands, Germany. We determined a land use history for the period 1945\u20132004 from aerial photographs and field surveys. This land use history was used to build a chronosequence of grassland sites with a different age since the conversion from cropland for both districts. Each chronosequence was sampled to determine bulk density, pH, coarse material fraction, C/N ratio and soil C and N content as a function of grassland age. Results showed that there was no clear dependency of soil properties on grassland age for both districts. It was concluded that observed differences within each district are much more related to differences in soil parent material or slope position, instead of land use. Interestingly, the reduction of the chronosequence analysis to a paired site survey led to an opposite conclusion for the Erda district because all investigated soil properties were significantly different for continuous grassland and cropland. This indicates that care is required when interpreting results from paired site surveys, especially when the equality of initial soil conditions is not (or cannot be) tested.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-07", "title": "Changes In Physical Properties Of A Loess Soil In China Following Two Long-Term Fertilization Regimes", "description": "Abstract A 13-year long-term experiment on the Loess Plateau of China was used to evaluate the effect of two different fertilizer regimes on the soil's physical/hydraulic properties. The fertilizer regimes included (i) control without any fertilizer (C), (ii) applications of chemical fertilizer (NPK), and (iii) applications of chemical fertilizer plus dairy manure (MNPK). Undisturbed soil cores were collected from the field to determine soil water retention curves and hydraulic conductivity (saturated and unsaturated). In addition, gravimetric water content, soil bulk density, porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity were measured several times during the crop growing season to check seasonal variations. Annual application of manure increased soil water retention at the two soil depths tested (0\u20135 and 10\u201315\u00a0cm) relative to the control treatment ( P \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.1), by 13 to 32% at tension ranges from 0 to 300\u00a0kPa for the 0\u20135\u00a0cm layer, and by 5 to 19% from 0 to 2\u00a0kPa for the 10\u201315\u00a0cm layer. The field soil water content was also significantly increased at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth ( P \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05). Saturated hydraulic conductivity did not show any significant differences among treatments on the sampling dates due to large variations in the data. In contrast, the MNPK and NPK treatments decreased unsaturated hydraulic conductivity compared with C at 0\u20135\u00a0cm depth. No significant differences between treatments in this variable were observed at 10\u201315\u00a0cm depth. Generally, NPK showed similar effects to C. Soil physical properties (bulk density and porosity) showed significant seasonal variations.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Xueyun Yang, Shulan Zhang, Lars L\u00f6vdahl, Harald Grip, Martin Wiss,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.06.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-08-01", "title": "Soil Carbon Sequestration Under Different Exotic Tree Species In The Southwestern Highlands Of Ethiopia", "description": "Abstract At Belete forest in southwestern Ethiopia (7\u00b033\u2032N, 36\u00b035\u2032E), tree plantations were established on abandoned farmland, which was previously mainly used for maize cultivation. Total carbon and 13 C analyses were used to evaluate the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) pools associated with land use changes using a comparative approach. Forest clearing followed by continuous cultivation of crops caused a loss of 43% (75.4\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 ) total SOC and 73% (128.4\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 ) forest derived SOC after nearly 75\u00a0years. The net loss of SOC was lower because of addition of 53.0\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 of SOC of C 4 crop origin (mainly maize) to the farmland. On the other hand, afforestation of farmland led to a net accretion of SOC of 69.6 and 29.3\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 after 20\u00a0years under Cupressus lusitanica and Pinus patula stands, respectively . The SOC accretion of plantation origin amounted to 63.3\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 under C. lusitanica and 24.2\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 under P. patula. Contrary to the results obtained in some other studies, the SOC of C 4 origin did not decline in these stands. This could be attributed to pasture grasses of C 4 origin that took over after land abandonment and continued to grow under the tree canopies. The grasses could thus have compensated for the SOC loss. SOC might also have been close to a steady state under the pre-plantation period. Based on the SOC amount found in a reference stand of native forest, afforestation with Eucalyptus grandis during 20\u00a0years, preceded by 20\u00a0years of cultivation and 35\u00a0years of pasture, returned the total SOC to nearly pre-deforestation levels. SOC accumulation rates of 1\u20133.2\u00a0Mg ha \u2212\u00a01 y \u2212\u00a01 are apparently possible 20\u00a0years after afforestation of an abandoned farmland but the accumulation rate is species dependent.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Mats Olsson, Dan Berggren Kleja, Bekele Lemma, Ingvar Nilsson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.06.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.06.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.06.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.06.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-22", "title": "Cultivation Effects On The Distribution Of Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen And Phosphorus In Soils Of The Semiarid Region Of Argentinian Pampas", "description": "Abstract Cultivation of native land can reduce the quality of soil by decreasing topsoil contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and phosphorus in the semiarid Pampas of Argentina. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes produced by cultivation on organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and phosphate (inorganic and organic fractions) in two aggregate sizes of three different semiarid soils of Argentina as a function of soil depth. The study was carried out on three soils (loamy Hapludoll, loamy Haplustoll and sandy loam Haplustoll), with two uses compared at each site. Generally, the Caldenal savanna-like ecosystem (native soil) and a cultivated counterpart with annual crops for more than 60\u00a0years (cultivated soil) were compared. Results showed that all soils had similar distribution patterns with depth of OC, TN, total inorganic phosphorus (Pi), organic phosphorus (Po) and available phosphorus (Pa) in the 100\u20132000\u00a0\u03bcm and", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Semiarid Soils", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Organic Carbon", "Total Nitrogen", "Soil Depth", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "Particle Size", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-07", "title": "Structure And Function Of Microbial Communities During The Early Stages Of Revegetation Of Barren Soils In The Vicinity Of A Pb/Zn Smelter", "description": "Abstract Microbial community structure (expressed as phospholipid fatty acids) and function (expressed as enzyme activities) were studied in an industrial barren resulting from smelting activities, and three revegetated sites dominated by native plant Paulownia fortunei under the subtropical conditions of Southern China in order to determine whether microbial community structure and function can be used as indicators of changes in abiotic environment during the revegetation process. An adjacent area under natural vegetative cover was used as a control. The revegetation did not lead to consistent shifts of individual phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and enzyme profiles with time. However, the levels of some signature PLFAs, such as Gram negative bacteria (16:1\u03c99c), arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (16:1\u03c95c), fungi (18:2\u03c96c), actinomycetes (10Me16:0\u00a0+\u00a010Me17:0\u00a0+\u00a010Me18:0), saturated fatty acid (18:0), monounsaturated fatty acids (16:19c\u00a0+\u00a016:1\u03c97c\u00a0+\u00a016:1\u03c95c\u00a0+\u00a017:1\u03c98c\u00a0+\u00a018:1\u03c97c\u00a0+\u00a018:1\u03c99c), algae (20:5\u03c93c), protozoa (20:2\u03c96c\u00a0+\u00a020:3\u03c96c), PLFA ratios including fung/bact and monounsat/sat fatty acids, and enzyme activities including protease, CM-cellulase and \u03b2-glucosidase consistently increased with time after revegetation, corresponding to the increase in total N, pH and porosity in the revegetated soils. Moreover, cyclopropyl fatty acids/monoenoic precursors (cy17:0/16:1\u03c97c and cy19:0/18:1\u03c97c) significantly decreased during time after revegetation and was inversely correlated with the above soil physico-chemical parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the three revegetated sites were separated from the control sites with time after revegetation based on either the PLFA or enzyme activity data. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) confirmed that the microbial community structure was closely linked to its function during the revegetation. Our data showed that the revegetative cover dominated by P. fortunei had considerably improved the structure and function of the soil microbial community, and was thus effective for remediation of industrial barrens contaminated with heavy metals. Of the biotic and abiotic factors determined in the present study, soil physico-chemical parameters (except for available P and WHC) may be more important factors in determining the structure and function of soil microbial community than heavy metal contents during the revegetation.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Linan Huang, Jing Jin, Chongbang Zhang, Chongbang Zhang, Tiangang Luan, Chongyu Lan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-11", "title": "Dynamics Of Crop Yields And Soil Organic Carbon In A Long-Term Fertilization Experiment In The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain Of China", "description": "Abstract We analyzed the dynamics of crop yields and soil organic carbon content (SOC) in a long-term fertilization experiment carried out in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The experiment with crop rotation of winter wheat and summer maize started in 1990 and had seven treatments receiving N, P, and K at the same rates if it was applied. The treatments were inorganic fertilization (NPK, NP, PK, NK), organic fertilization (ON), half amount of N from inorganic fertilizer and another half from compost (1/2ON), and no fertilization as control (CK). On average, over 14\u00a0years (1990\u20132003), both wheat and maize yields were the highest and most stable in the NPK treatment. Average wheat and maize yields were 23.7% and 18.0% lower in ON, respectively, and slightly but significantly lower (1.9% and 1.5%, respectively) in 1/2ON than those in NPK. Unbalanced inorganic fertilization without K (NP) was not sustainable for achieving high yields. There was a significant logarithmic relationship between roots and compost input and SOC content in 0\u201320\u00a0cm in 2003. Over the time of the study SOC storage in 0\u201320\u00a0cm increased by 12.2\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 in ON, 7.8\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 in 1/2ON, and 3.7\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 in NPK, and decreased by 1.6\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 in NK and 1.4\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 in CK. Measured dynamics of SOC and model simulation predictions showed that the SOC in NPK, ON and 1/2ON almost reached equilibrium in 2003. These results indicate that although the balanced application of chemical fertilizers of N, P, and K maintains the crop production in the region, it is not an ideal practice from the point view of carbon sequestration in soil. Application of compost alone has a reverse effect on crop yields and carbon sequestration in soil. Therefore, mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is a compromise between food security and soil carbon sequestration in the region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Shuping Qin, Zucong Cai,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.05.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-28", "title": "Land-Use History, Forest Conversion, And Soil Organic Carbon In Pine Plantations And Native Forests Of South Eastern Australia", "description": "Abstract Land-use history \u2013 the number, type, and duration of previous land uses \u2013 is relevant to many questions regarding land-use effects on soil carbon, but is infrequently reported. We examine the importance of land-use history variables, as well as topographic and edaphic variables, on soil C in a range of forest types \u2013 native forest, pine plantations, secondary forest and rehabilitated forest \u2013 at three contrasting locations in south eastern Australia. Our comparisons include a novel forest conversion of exotic pine plantations to native, broadleaf forest. Using nested ANOVAs, we detected few differences in soil C concentration indices (total C, microbial biomass C, K 2 SO 4 \u2013C) and C content among eucalypt-dominated vegetation and pine plantations within each location (0\u201310\u00a0cm depth). However, planned contrasts indicated a 30% decrease in soil C content with conversion of native forest to pine plantation of age 37\u00a0years. The reverse land-use change \u2013 pine plantation to native, broadleaf forest \u2013 was associated with a decrease in soil C concentration and content at one location (40%; age 12\u201313\u00a0years) and no detectable changes at another (to age 7\u00a0years). Variable effect between locations of this novel land-use change on soil C could be due to differences in potential productivity, conifer species, and plantation age. We used correlation coefficients and general linear models to identify widely applicable variables for predicting soil C concentration and content at local scales (\u2264\u00a020\u00a0km 2 ). Within-location relationships with topographic variables were weak and infrequent relative to those with edaphic and land-use history variables. Soil texture was strongly correlated with soil C at each location, although the relative significance of different particle size fractions differed among locations. Electrical conductivity appeared more widely applicable since it was included in C models at two locations. Combining land-use history and edaphic variables produced strong predictive models for soil C concentrations and content at two locations (total r 2 0.83 to 0.95). Positive relationships were indicated between soil C and \u2018age of current vegetation\u2019 at one location, and negative relationships were indicated with \u2018number of land uses\u2019 at another. These data highlight a potential predictive role for land-use history variables in local-scale assessments of soil C in forested landscapes.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-29", "title": "Factors Affecting Soil P Dynamics In Temperate Volcanic Soils Of Southern Argentina", "description": "Abstract During volcanic soil development, factors controlling plant-available P shift from hydrolysis of P bound to primary Ca compounds to mineralization of organic P, and an increasing role of amorphous materials in P retention. Monospecific forests of the Andean\u2013Patagonian region are distributed in a narrow strip characterized by young volcanic soils and decreasing west\u2013east precipitation. We analyzed sequential P fractionation, P retention, active Al and Fe, and acid phosphatase activity in the superficial soil (0\u201315\u00a0cm) of ten dominant woody species, and related these data to previous results on soil chemical and biological fertility, and green leaf P concentration. Higher plant-labile P (water\u2013Pi\u00a0+\u00a0NaHCO 3 \u2013Pi) corresponded to soils with higher total P, and this was directly related to the increase of organic P (NaHCO 3 \u2013Po\u00a0+\u00a0NaOH\u2013Po). Phosphatase activity was mainly explained by the increase of organic C and the decrease of primary minerals (P\u2013HCl). The strongest determinant of P retention was the formation of active Al, which increased with acidification and losses of cations and primary minerals. In the drier extreme of the precipitation gradient, we found the lowest values of active Al and P retention coupled with high exchangeable cations and neutral pH. The effect of plant species increased in wetter areas, and was reflected in differential patterns of SOM accumulation, base cation cycling and active Al formation. When comparing plant functional groups, potential net N mineralization and nitrification, phosphatase activity, organic C, organic P (NaHCO 3 \u2013Po) and green leaf P were significantly higher in broad-leaf deciduous species than in conifers.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Paula Crego, Luc\u00eda Roselli, Mar\u00eda Julia Mazzarino, Mar\u00eda Julia Mazzarino, Patricia Satti,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-05", "title": "The Effect Of Clear Cutting On Podzolisation And Soil Carbon Dynamics In Boreal Forests (Middle Taiga Zone, Russia)", "description": "Abstract Boreal forests are one of the most important terrestrial carbon sink, and a large portion of C is allocated in soil for long-term storage. However forest harvesting may quickly affect soil carbon stocks and dynamics, especially where organic substances drive the soil-forming processes, such as in Podzols. To evaluate the effects of clear cutting on carbon dynamics and podzolisation process over a short time period, a pristine boreal forest (Komi Republic, Russian Federation) and a recently clear cut site (5\u00a0year-old) were selected. Soils are polygenic: podzolisation occurs within the clay-depleted eluvial horizon, formed by a previous lessivage process. Because podzolisation can start only after the eluvial horizon has reached a sort of threshold, bisequal soils allow to individuate comparable pedogenic conditions prior to anthropogenic disturbances. After harvesting, C storage tended to increase in the upper part of the soil profile (organic layer and podzolic sequum) from 2.2 to 5.0\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02. The abundance of woody materials on the forest floor together with an increase in soil water saturation, discernible by the vegetation survey and iron fractionation, prevented litter degradation and allowed organic matter accumulation at the soil surface. Fulvic acids (FA) in the organic layer of the pristine site showed a low incorporation of polysaccharide and proteinaceous moieties, confirming a higher degradation of the humified fraction than at the clear cut site. The lack of disturbances allowed a selection of FA with the more oxidised and mobile fractions accumulating in the deeper horizons, as currently observed in Podzols. Almost no differences were instead found in the chemical composition of FA along the profile from the clear cut site. A larger portion of FA showed the tendency to migrate through the profile after clear cutting even below the Bhs horizon (C-fulvic acid/C-humic acid >\u00a01) with a marked increase in the FA-carbon stocks with respect to the pristine forest soil (0.66 and 0.30\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 down to 30\u00a0cm, respectively). Clear cutting also affected Al and Fe dynamics. The reducing conditions acted upon soil mineral surfaces and enhanced Fe mobilisation probably both in the ionic form and complexed with organic matter. The Al dynamics was instead more related to short term transformations of the layer silicate phases. Traces of a poorly crystalline chlorite were detectable in the Bhs in the pristine forest, but at the clear site only hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite was present. The high amounts of organic acids that migrated through the Bhs after clear cutting may have partially complexed the Al from pedogenic chlorite, giving rise to hydroxy-interlayered behaviour, as normally occurs in Podzol eluvial horizons from where the organic Al-complexes migrate. Our findings suggested that if this trend proceeds further the whole podzolic sequum may migrate downwards. This may have important implication on C budget, as organic carbon will be transferred deeper in the soil profile limiting its losses at least over a short time period.", "keywords": ["BISEQUAL SOILS; CARBON STOCKS; CLAY MINERALOGY; FULVIC ACIDS; NORWAY SPRUCE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/100698/2/Falsone%20et%20al%202012%20Geoderma%20AperTO.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-08", "title": "Soil Physical Properties And Their Relations To Organic Carbon Pools As Affected By Land Use In An Alpine Pastureland", "description": "Abstract Land disturbances (such as cultivation and overgrazing) and global warming have been decreasing soil organic C stocks in alpine regions of China. This study characterized changes in soil aggregation, bulk density, particle density, porosity and water holding capacity in relation to changes in total organic C and carbohydrate-C fractions under a long-term (28\u00a0years) annually-cultivated pasture (oats), and a short-term (8\u00a0years) introduced perennial pasture (cultivated once at establishment), compared with those in an adjacent native pasture. In annually-cultivated pasture, total soil organic C decreased by 29\u201341% and various fractions of carbohydrate-C decreased by 33\u201349% (concentrated acid extract), 14\u201345% (diluted acid extract) and 15\u201340% (hot water extract) in 0\u201330\u00a0cm depths. To a similar extent, introduced perennial pasture significantly decreased total soil organic C and various carbohydrate-C fractions only at 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth. Upon cultivation of native pasture for hay, soil aggregate stability (expressed as mean weight diameter, MWD) significantly decreased by 27\u201354% at 0\u201330\u00a0cm depth, with macro-aggregates (>\u00a00.5\u20135\u00a0mm) tending to form micro-aggregates (", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2013-07-31", "title": "Land Use And Management Effects On Soil Organic Matter Fractions In Rhodic Ferralsols And Haplic Arenosols In Bindura And Shamva Districts Of Zimbabwe", "description": "Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major attribute of soil quality that responds to land management activities which is also important in the regulation of global carbon (C) cycling. This study evaluated bulk soil C and nitrogen (N) contents and C and N dynamics in three soil organic matter (SOM) fractions separated by density. The study was based on three tillage systems on farmer managed experiments (conventional tillage (CT), ripping (RP), direct seeding (DS)) and adjacent natural forest (NF) in Haplic Arenosols (sandy) and Rhodic Ferralsols (clayey) of Zimbabwe. Carbon stocks were significantly larger in forests than tillage systems, being significantly lower in sandy soils (15 and 14\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) than clayey soils (23 and 21\u00a0Mg\u00a0C\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01) at 0\u201310 and 10\u201330\u00a0cm respectively. Nitrogen content followed the same trend. At the 0\u201310\u00a0cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0.10, 0.24, 0.36\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 and 0.76, 0.54, 0.10\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01\u00a0yr\u2212\u00a01 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0.55, 0.40, 0.56\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 and 0.63, 0.65, 0.55\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u2212\u00a01 respectively. SOM fractions were dominated by mineral associated heavy fraction (MaHF) which accounted for 86\u201393% and 94\u201398% on sandy and clayey soils respectively. Tillage systems on sandy soils had the smallest average free light fraction (fLF) and occluded light fraction (oLF) C stocks (25.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3 g m\u2212\u00a02 and 7.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) at 0\u201330\u00a0cm when compared with corresponding NF (58.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04 g\u00a0m2 and 18.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0g\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Clayey soils, had the opposite, having all fLF C and N in tillage systems being higher (80.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0g\u00a0C m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02) than NF (57.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0\u00a0g\u00a0C\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 and 2.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0g\u00a0N\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02). Results suggest that oLF and MaHF C and N are better protected under DS and RP where they are less vulnerable to mineralisation while fLF contributes more in CT. Thus, DS and RP can be important in maintaining and improving soil quality although their practicability can be hampered by unsupportive institutional frameworks. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. The exploitation of the benefits of RP or DS and the corresponding sustainability of systems need support for surface cover retention which should also be extended to conventional tillage.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pools", "microbial biomass", "assessment", "no-tillage", "dynamics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "term changes", "carbon sequestration", "stabilization", "soil organic carbon", "conservation agriculture", "soil organic matter", "tillage", "impact", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "climate", "density fractions", "agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.025"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-05-31", "title": "Dynamics Of Size-Density Fractions Of Soil Organic Matter Following The Addition Of Tree Litter To Organic Coffee Farms", "description": "The addition of organic matter to soil is frequently viewed as a vital intervention to maintain soil quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal response of the soil macroorganic fraction to different organic coffee farming practices (e.g., plant residue, earthworm and microbial inocula addition). Three density fractions of macroorganic matter (N150 \u03bcm) were studied during 1 year after adding shade tree (Erythrina poeppigiana) pruning residues to the soil (5 t ha \ufffd1 twice at 6 monthly intervals). Soil macroorganic matter represented only a small proportion of total soil organic matter (SOM) (3\u20136% of total). Even though the total amount of SOM did not change over time, significant temporal changes in the size of the macroorganic fraction were observed that appeared to be largely independent of the management regime. The light density fraction seemed to be the most responsive fraction and this study suggests that it may provide a qualitative indicator of the \u2018active\u2019 fraction of SOM; the size of the macroorganic fraction did not provide a reliable indicator of the rate of litter decomposition or nutrient release. The addition of microbial inoculants and earthworms had only a small and inconsistent effect on macroorganic matter dynamics and these practices appeared to offer little agronomic benefit. This study highlights the need for continued organic matter inputs to maintain soil C reserves and preserve soil organic quality in tropical organic farming systems. \u00a9 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "John Beer, Fidel Pay\u00e1n, Davey L. Jones,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-11", "title": "Spatial And Vertical Variation Of Soil Carbon At Two Grassland Sites - Implications For Measuring Soil Carbon Stocks", "description": "Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are a function of the SOC concentration and the bulk density of the fine soil. Both variables are prone to changes and are influenced by abiotic and biotic processes. To determine the effect of variations of both variables on SOC stocks at two grassland sites, one with Stagnic Vertisols and one with Orthoeutric Arenosols, 440 soil cores were sampled down to 60cm depth. Bulk density and C and N concentrations were measured in 5cm intervals (0\u201310cm depth) and 10cm intervals (10\u201360cm depth). SOC stocks at the clay rich site with Vertisols were almost twice as high (86t C ha \u2212\u00a01 in 0\u201360cm depth) as at the sandy site with Arenosols (48t C ha \u2212\u00a01 ). Variations in the SOC stocks were determined by the thickness of the loess layer at the clay rich site. Underlying clay horizons hampered the C translocation into the subsoil which resulted in lower SOC stocks of the whole profile. Semivariograms showed spatial autocorrelations of SOC concentrations within a range of 47 and 131m, respectively. The range of autocorrelation between samples of bulk density was much shorter (39 and 51m). Relative variances in bulk density were 1\u20132 magnitudes lower than the variability of SOC concentration and decreased rapidly as soil depth increased. The difference in the variation of SOC concentration and bulk density was used to revise the sampling design for SOC stocks. An unequal number of samples, i.e. more SOC concentration samples than bulk density samples, would not necessarily decrease the power of the sampling design to detect SOC stock changes. In contrast, the optimum sampling design for these sites would consist of 33\u201344% bulk density samples and 56\u201367% SOC concentration samples.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-12-01", "title": "Grazing Effects On Soil Chemical And Physical Properties In A Semiarid Steppe Of Inner Mongolia (P.R. China)", "description": "Abstract It is not clear from the literature whether heavy grazing leads to a deterioration of physical and chemical parameters of topsoils in steppe ecosystems. We sampled five sites in northern China with different grazing intensities, ranging from ungrazed since 1979 to heavily grazed, at 540 sampling points to a depth of 0\u20134\u00a0cm. Each sample was analysed for bulk density, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), total sulphur (S) and pH. The dataset was analysed using general statistics and explorative analysis (ANOVA, Kruskal\u2013Wallis). As a result of the large number of samples, we were able to detect a change in the mean value of all parameters of less than 10%, with a statistical power of 90% and a level of significance of 0.01. Bulk density increased significantly with increasing grazing intensity. Organic carbon, total N and total S concentrations decreased significantly with increasing grazing intensity. No effect on the pH or C/N ratio was detected. Significant differences in C/S and N/S ratios between differently grazed plots were found. These differences point towards a relative accumulation of sulphur in grazed compared to ungrazed areas following an increased organic matter decline or lower inputs of diluting litter. Elemental stocks of the upper 4\u00a0cm were calculated for OC, total N and total S using the measured bulk densities. The data revealed significantly lower amounts for all three elements on the heavily grazed site, but no significant differences for the other areas. In addition, elemental stocks were calculated using an equivalent mass instead of bulk density to take into account changes in bulk density following grazing. This revealed a highly significant decrease for OC, total N and total S with increasing grazing intensity. OC, total N and total S concentrations respond similarly to different grazing intensities, showing highly significant positive correlations. OC concentrations and bulk densities were significantly negatively correlated. We found effects of grazing cessation only in the long-term, as no ameliorating effects of reduced or excluded grazing could be detected five years after grazing cessation. After 25\u00a0years of exclusion, significantly different values were found for all parameters. Thus, physical and chemical parameters of steppe topsoils deteriorated significantly following heavy grazing, remained stable if grazing was reduced or excluded for five years, and recovered significantly after 25\u00a0years of grazing exclusion.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-01-18", "title": "Soil Acidification And Carbon Storage In Fertilized Pastures Of Northeast Thailand", "description": "Abstract Light textured soils are often characterized as acid to depth that results in low productivity levels. In an effort to address this constraint a four year study was undertaken that evaluated the productivity of Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) and Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes guianensis) (Stylo) to grow on these soils. In addition, Gamba grass treatments received either no nitrogen fertilizer (Gamba) or a total 287\u00a0kg N ha\u2212\u00a01 as either KNO3 (Gamba NO3) or (NH4)2SO4 (Gamba NH4). Average annual dry matter production levels for the Gamba, Gamba NO3 and Gamba NH4 were 11.9, 22.5, and 26.6\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01 whilst that of the Stylo treatment was 6.9\u00a0t ha\u2212\u00a01. However, the net annual acid addition rates associated with the export of biomass ranged from 5.1\u201313.3\u00a0kmol H+ ha\u2212\u00a01 yr\u2212\u00a01. Rapid acidification of the soil profile was observed to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm in all treatments regardless of the tempering influence of nitrate based fertilizers. Soil organic carbon levels over the study period showed a 6 fold increase at >\u00a030\u00a0cm from the initial values, suggesting significant carbon sequestration. Whilst the study demonstrates the positive impact of a grass or legume ley in producing forage for livestock in a cut and carry system under rainfed conditions in Northeast Thailand, along with positive contributions to soil organic carbon sequestration, a precautionary approach should be adopted. Significant accelerated soil acidification has occurred to depths\u00a0>\u00a0110\u00a0cm that brings into question the sustainability of these systems on these soil types.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "carbon", "soil texture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "pastures", "6. Clean water", "acidification", "nitrogen fertilizers", "soil properties", "feeds", "stylosanthes guianensis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sandy soils", "andropogon gayanus"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Noble, A.D., Suzuki, S., Soda, Wannipa, Ruaysoongnern, Sawaeng, Berthelsen, S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-04-18", "title": "Phosphorus Bioavailability Affected By Tillage And Crop Rotation On A Chilean Volcanic Derived Ultisol", "description": "Abstract The effect of management systems and crop rotation on soil phosphorus (P) fractions and selected soil properties were studied from 2002 to 2005 on an experiment established in 2001 in a volcanic derived Ultisol from southern Chile. Two tillage systems, no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), and two crop rotations, oat\u2013wheat and white lupine\u2013wheat were evaluated in order to determine the effects of such management in the lability of P in this soil. Seasonal additions of phosphate fertilizer at a rate of 80\u00a0kg P ha \u2212\u00a01 , to oat and lupine, and 200\u00a0kg P ha \u2212\u00a01 to wheat were applied to the high P fixing soil used. Soil analyses were performed each year after growing season. Total P increased from 1643 to 2053\u00a0mg kg \u2212\u00a01 after 4\u00a0years of cultivation but most of this added P (72%) became unavailable. The application of the Hedley P fractionation procedure indicated that P was mainly distributed as relatively labile P, extractable with NaOH (43.5% of the total P), and that only 9.6% was labile P, extractable with resin and NaHCO 3 . In NT soils the largest soil surface P accumulation was produced, mainly as inorganic P. In the oat\u2013wheat rotation, the largest accumulation of moderate labile organic P was observed, preventing it from becoming unavailable; the lupine\u2013wheat rotation left the greatest phosphatase activity in soil (738\u00a0\u03bcg PNFF g \u2212\u00a01 ). Tillage and crop rotation exerted the same level of effects on labile\u00a0+\u00a0relatively labile P fractions ( F -probabilities of 0.045 and 0.040, respectively), but cropping systems affected the soil properties much more. Over fertilization caused high levels of soluble P (66\u00a0mg kg \u2212\u00a01 of resin extractable P in the last year), but also promoted the P accumulation under unavailable fractions, especially in CT systems. Wheat cropping resulted in a greater accumulation of soil total P and no labile P; whereas oat and particularly lupine cropping showed a reduction of no labile P and an increase of relatively labile P.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Yonathan Redel, Rosa Rubio, Fernando Borie, J. L. Rouanet,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-07-24", "title": "Soil And Crop Response To Harvesting Corn Residues For Biofuel Production", "description": "Corn (Zea mays L.) stover is considered one of the prime lignocellulosic feedstocks for biofuel production. While producing renewable energy from biomass is necessary, impacts of harvesting corn stover on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, agricultural productivity, and environmental quality must be also carefully and objectively assessed. We conducted a 2 1/2 year study of stover management in long-term (N8 yr) no-tillage (NT) continuous corn systems under three contrasting soils in Ohio to determine changes in SOC sequestration, CO2 emissions, soil physical properties, and agronomic productivity. These measurements were made on a Rayne silt loam (RSL) (fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludult) with 6% slope, Celina silt loam (CSL) (fine, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs) with 2% slope, and Hoytville clay loam (HCL) (fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Epiaqualfs) with b1% slope. Stover treatments consisted of removing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of corn stover following each harvest. At the start of the experiment in May 2004, these percentages of removal corresponded to 5, 3.75, 2.5, 1.25, and 0M g ha \u22121 yr \u22121 of stover left on the soil surface, respectively. Annual stover removal rate of N25% reduced SOC and soil productivity, but the magnitude of impacts depended on soil type and topographic conditions. Stover removal rate of 50% reduced grain yield by about 1.94 Mg ha \u22121 , stover yield by 0.97 Mg ha \u22121 , and SOC by 1.63 Mg ha \u22121 in an unglaciated, sloping, and erosion-prone soil (Pb0.05). The initial water infiltration rates were significantly reduced by N25% of stover removal on a RSL and CSL. Plant available water reserves and earthworm population were significantly reduced by 50% of stover removal at all soils. Increases in soil compaction due to stover removal were moderate. Stover removal impacts on SOC, crop yield, and water infiltration for HCL were not significant. Results from this study following 2 1/2 yr of stover management suggest that only a small fraction (\u226425%) of the total corn stover produced can be removed for biofuel feedstocks from sloping and erosion-prone soils.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Humberto Blanco-Canqui,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-11-03", "title": "Soil Organic Matter Under Different Forest Types In Southern China", "description": "Conversion of native broadleaved forests to pure coniferous plantation is a common management practice driven by an increasing demand for timber production. A study was conducted to evaluate the impact of land-use change from native broadleaved forest to pure coniferous plantation on soil organic matter quantity and quality in San Menjiang Forest, in southern China. Additionally, the potential of hot-water extractable organic matter as an indicator of changes in SOM was also assessed. Significant differences in labile SOM fractions (hot-water extractable organic C and total N, cold-water extractable organic C and total N, and microbial biomass C and N) between pure Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook plantation and native broadleaved forest were tested using ANOVA. The contents of soil organic C, total N, and labile organic matter such as hot-water extractable organic C and total N, cold-water extractable organic C and total N, and microbial biomass was significantly lower in pure C. lanceolata plantation than in native broadleaved forest. The percentage ratios of hot-water extractable organic C and N, cold-water extractable organic C, and microbial biomass C and N to soil organic C or total N were also significantly reduced in C. lanceolata plantation. Hot-water extractable organic C and total N were significantly correlated with cold-water extractable organic C and total N and microbial biomass C and N in both native broadleaved forest and pure coniferous plantation (r > 0.608, P 0.694, P 0.525, P < 0.05). Therefore, land-use change from native broadleaved forest to coniferous plantation reduced soil organic matter quantity and quality, and hot-water extractable organic matter can be used as an indicator of changes in SOM quality in forest soils. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Silong Wang, Qingkui Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.09.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-06", "title": "Temporal Changes In Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Storage In A Hybrid Poplar Chronosequence In Northern Alberta", "description": "Sequestering C in biomass and soils in hybrid poplar plantations can help mitigate global climate change caused by the rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, the impact of the establishment of hybrid poplar plantations on C and N storage and dynamics is poorly understood. We studied the distribution and temporal changes of C and N in soil organic matter (SOM) density fractions in 2-, 5-, 11-, and 13-year-old (age as in 2006) hybrid poplar stands that form a chronosequence by sampling the plantations in both 2004 and 2006. Sodium polytungstate (SPT, density=1.6 g mL -1 ) was used to fractionate the soil into light (LF, densityb1.6 g mL -1 ), occluded light (LFo, densityb1.6 g mL -1 ) and heavy fractions (HF densityN1.6 g mL -1 ). The results showed that C and N concentrations (g kg -1 of fraction) in the SOM density fractions decreased in the order of LFoNLFNHF, while the C/N ratio was in the order of LFNLFoNHF. The amount of C and N stored in the LF, LFo and HF fractions and bulk soil in the top 10 cm of soil was: 149-504, 70-336, 1380-2876 and 1617-3776 g m -2 , respectively, for C, and 6-26, 3-20, 149-271 and 152-299 g m -2 , respectively, for N. From 2004 to 2006, C and N storage decreased in the LF and LFo fractions but increased in the HF fraction in the youngest stand. However, stand-age effects were likely muted by high inherent soil variability among the stands. Carbon storage in the light fraction was responsive in the short term to hybrid poplar plantation establishment. \u00a9 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.10.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-22", "title": "Carbon, Nitrogen And Phosphorus Mineralization Potential Of Semiarid Sahelian Soils Amended With Native Shrub Residues", "description": "Abstract Two native shrubs ( Piliostigma reticulatum and Guiera senegalensis) commonly coexist with crops in fields throughout the Sahel but aboveground residue is annually coppiced and burned. An alternative, with potential to improve soil quality, would be non-thermal return of residues to soils but information is needed on the potential of residues\u2019 to provide nutrients before such systems can be adopted. The objective of this research was to characterize carbon (C), net nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mineralization of shrub residues during decomposition in soil beneath or outside shrub canopies. Two lab incubation (30\u00a0\u00b0C for 118\u00a0days) studies (1 for each shrub species/soil type system) had a 2 by 4 factorial design with two soil sources (beneath or outside the shrub canopy) and four residue soil amendments (leaf, leaf\u00a0+\u00a0stem, beef manure, or control of soil only). Soils amended with P. reticulatum or G. senegalensis leaf residues immobilized N during the first 62 and 76\u00a0days, respectively, but later had net release of inorganic N. The addition of stems to leaf amendments for both shrub species resulted in net N immobilization throughout the incubation. Manure had positive but shrub residues negative release of inorganic P. However, if the leached P released at time zero is included in the summation, all amendments released more P than the control. Cumulative net release of C, N or P over the incubation was higher in soil originating from beneath than outside the shrub canopy except for release of P from soil associated with G. senegalensis . Residue chemistry was related to nutrient release, particularly high lignin content of stems, which corresponded to N immobilization. Our results suggest that none of the shrub residues when added to soil would potentially provide short-term plant available N and that additional fertilizer would be required for optimal crop yield.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fred Kizito, S. A. N. Samba, Ibrahima Diedhiou, Richard P. Dick, M. Khouma, E. Dossa, M. Sene, Aminata N. Badiane,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.10.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.10.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.10.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.10.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-03-11", "title": "Soil Chemical Properties And Microbial Biomass After 16\u00a0Years Of No-Tillage Farming On The Loess Plateau, China", "description": "Data from a 16-year field experiment conducted in Shanxi, on the Chinese Loess Plateau, were used to compare the long-term effects of notillage with straw cover (NTSC) and traditional tillage with straw removal (TTSR) in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) monoculture. Longterm no-tillage with straw cover increased SOM by 21.7% and TN by 51.0% at 0\u201310 cm depth and available P by 97.3% at 0\u20135 cm depth compared to traditional tillage. Soil microbial biomass C and N increased by 135.3% and 104.4% with NTSC compared to TTSR for 0\u201310 cm depth, respectively. Under NTSC, the metabolic quotient (CO2 evolved per unit of MBC) decreased by 45.1% on average in the top 10 cm soil layer, which suggests that TTSR produced a microbial pool that was more metabolically active than under NTSC. Consequently, winter wheat yield was about 15.5% higher under NTSC than under TTSR. The data collected from our 16-year experiment show that NTSC is a more sustainable farming system which can improve soil chemical properties, microbial biomass and activity, and thus increase crop yield in the rainfed dryland farming areas of northern China. The soil processes responsible for the improved yields and soil quality, in particular soil organic matter, require further research. \u00a9 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-05-30", "title": "Tillage And Cropping Intensification Effects On Soil Aggregation: Temporal Dynamics And Controlling Factors Under Semiarid Conditions", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Water aggregate stability", "Semiarid agroecosystems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Mean weight diameter", "6. Clean water", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.04.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-10", "title": "Application Of Stable Isotope Analysis To Quantify The Retention Of Eroded Carbon In Grass Filters At The North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds", "description": "Abstract The entrapment of eroded soil organic carbon (SOC) in grass filters could affect watershed C export, but the magnitude of the process is rarely quantified. In order to assess the retention of eroded C in these settings, SOC stock was measured in grass buffers receiving runoff from cropped watersheds under long-term (>\u00a020\u00a0y): chisel-till (CT) corn ( Zea mays , L.)-soybean [ Glycine max , (L.) Merr.] rotation, moldboard plowing (MP) continuous corn (CC), and no-till (NT) CC. Adjacent reference grasslands not affected by erosion were also sampled. In the CC watersheds, the \u03b4 13 C of bulk soil and soil separates was determined to identify the source of SOC in the grass filters. After accounting for differences in the number of corn crops, SOC stock in the MP watershed showed a corn-C deficit of 9.3\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 compared to NT. Corn-C accounted for 2 to 16% (mean: 5.2\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 ) of the total SOC pool in the grass filter and, assuming water erosion as the main determinant of C distribution, this corn-C gain translates into the retention of 55% of eroded C in the grass strip. Relative to the reference grasslands, SOC stock in the grass filters was up to 30\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 higher, an amount deemed too large to be attributed solely to retention of eroded C (export rate: 0.05-0.08\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 y \u2212\u00a01 ). Periodic delivery of nutrients may have enhanced biomass production and indirectly contributed to the observed SOC accrual in grass filters. Higher extractable P and higher C:N ratios at these locations support that hypothesis. These results demonstrate the applicability of 13 C isotope to trace SOC sources in buffers receiving runoff from areas supporting C 4 vegetation. They also underscore the need to incorporate in-situ biomass production and burial processes in assessing the temporal evolution of SOC stocks in terrestrial deposits and the contribution of these landscape segments to watershed C budget.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Pierre-Andr\u00e9 Jacinthe, Lloyd B. Owens,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-31", "title": "Extent Of Soil Water Repellency Under Long-Term No-Till Soils", "description": "Water repellency (WR), the ability of a soil to slow the water entry (contact angle <\u00a090\u00b0), can be indispensable to stabilize soil aggregates and promote long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Data on WR for agricultural soils are, however, extremely limited to ascertain the extent of this property. Thus, we assessed the WR in long-term no-till (NT) fields adjacent to plow tillage (PT) and woodlot (WL) and its statistical relationships with SOC concentration, soil particle-size distribution, and aggregate stability across 11 soils distributed in Major Land Resources Areas (MLRAs: 121, 122, and 125 in Kentucky, 99, 124, and 139A in Ohio, and 139B, 139C, 140, 147, and 148 in Pennsylvania) in the eastern US. The WR tended to increase with increasing soil water potential, and management impacts on WR depended on soil water potential. Mean water drop penetration test (WDPT) ranged from 0.5 to 12\u00a0s while water repellency index (R index) ranged from 1.5 to 5 for air-dry aggregates in the surface 0- to 5-cm soil depth. At the same depth, WR in NT was significantly higher than in PT by 1.5 to 6.0 times in 8 out of 11 soils. These soils had weak and very weak water repellency. In MLRA 124, NT had WR 30% higher than PT soil in the 0- to 5-cm depth but had lower WR in lower depths. The SOC concentration explained 28% (P\u00a0<\u00a00.001) of the variations in LogWDPT, which, in turn, explained 45% (P\u00a0<\u00a00.001) of the variations in aggregate stability. The LogWDPT increased with an increase in sand concentration (r\u00a0=\u00a00.44; P\u00a0<\u00a00.001) and decrease in clay concentration (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212\u00a00.41; P\u00a0<\u00a00.001). The WDPT was moderately correlated (r\u00a0=\u00a00.39; P\u00a0<\u00a00.05) with R index. The WDPT was more strongly correlated with SOC concentration, aggregate stability, and soil texture than R index. Overall, NT farming induced a slight increase in water repellency in most soils, attributed to increases in SOC concentration.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Rattan Lal, Humberto Blanco-Canqui,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-08", "title": "Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Amendments On Soil Organic Matter Properties", "description": "article i nfo The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of long-term application of different organic fertilizers (sewage sludge, farmyard manure, compost) as compared to mineral fertilizer on the structure of the soil organic matter. Capillary electrophoresis was employed for the quantification of monosaccharides and phenolic compounds, whereas NMR and FT-IR were used for the overall characterization of the soils organic matter. Application of farmyard manure results in a higher content of organic matter derived from angiosperms, suggested by the higher levels of syringic and vanillic phenols. Spectroscopic studies show an increase of lignin and lignin-like products in the organic matter of the soil, which may be derived from the cereal straw supplied with farmyard manure. According to spectroscopic analysis, 13 C CPMAS-NMR and FT-IR spectra, higher contents of methylene groups (- CH2) from proteins and protein-like compounds, as well as higher levels of carbohydrates, were found in the soil supplied with compost. The monosaccharide (rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, fucose and galactose) content was not significantly influenced by the different organic fertilizers, suggesting that the type of amendment used does not affect any of these six studied monomers. Comparing the three organic amendments the most significant differences were observed after long-term application of farmyard manure, with an increase in lignin and lignin-like products in the soil organic matter, and compost, which appears to contribute to an increase of protein and protein-like, as well as carbohydrates content on soil organic matter. The knowledge of such changes can be essential to understand the sorption and bioavailability of pollutants, as well as establish/ unestablish ways to recycling organic residues as organic fertilizers.", "keywords": ["Organic matter characterization", "FT-IR", "2. Zero hunger", "CZE", "13C NMR", "Phenols", "13. Climate action", "Soil amendment", "Monosaccharide", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.038", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-11", "title": "Land Degradation Impact On Soil Carbon Losses Through Water Erosion And Co2 Emissions", "description": "Abstract Worldwide concerns with global change and its effects on our future environment require an improved understanding of the impact of land cover changes on the global C cycle. Overgrazing causes a reduction in plant cover with accepted consequences on soil infiltration and soil erosion, yet the impact on the loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its associated processes remain unaccounted for. In this study performed in South Africa, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of plant cover reduction on (i) SOC erosion by water in both particulate (POC) and dissolved (DOC) forms, and (ii) soil CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere. The study performed under sandy-loam Acrisols investigated three proportions of soil surface coverage by plants (Cov), from 100% (Cov100) for the \u201cnon-degraded\u201d treatment to 25\u201350% (Cov50) and 0\u20135% (Cov5). POC and DOC losses were evaluated using an artificial rainfall of 30\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u2212\u00a01 applied for a period of 30\u00a0min on bounded 1\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01\u00a0m\u00b2 microplots (n\u00a0=\u00a03 per treatment). CO 2 emissions from undisturbed soil samples (n\u00a0=\u00a09) were evaluated continuously at the laboratory over a 6-month period. At the \u201cnon-degraded\u201d treatment of Cov100, plant-C inputs to the soil profile were 1950\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0180\u00a0gC\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 \u00a0y \u2212\u00a01 and SOC stocks in the 0\u20130.02\u00a0m layer were 300.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.2\u00a0gC\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 . While soil-C inputs by plants significantly (P\u00a0 \u2212\u00a02 at Cov100 increased from 66% at Cov50 (i.e. 3.76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.8\u00a0gC\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 ) to a staggering 213% at Cov5 (i.e. 7.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9\u00a0gC\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 ). These losses were for the most part in particulate form (from 88.0% for Cov100 to 98.7% for Cov5). Plant cover reduction significantly decreased both the cumulative C\u2013CO 2 emissions (by 68% at Cov50 and 69% at Cov5) and the mineralization rate of the soil organic matter (from 0.039 gC\u2013CO 2 \u00a0gC \u2212\u00a01 at Cov100 to 0.031\u00a0gC\u2013CO 2 \u00a0gC \u2212\u00a01 at Cov5). These results are expected to increase our understanding of the impact of land degradation on the global C cycle. Further in-situ research studies, however, need to investigate whether or not grassland degradation induces net C-emissions to the atmosphere.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "South Africa", "13. Climate action", "Particulate and dissolved SOC forms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Global C Cycle", "Water erosion", "Land use change"], "contacts": [{"organization": "McHunu, C., /Chaplot, Vincent,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.038"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.038", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.038", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.038"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-17", "title": "Effect Of Grassland Management On Soil Carbon Sequestration In Rondonia And Mato Grosso States, Brazil", "description": "Abstract Grassland management affects soil organic carbon (SOC) content and a variety of management options have been proposed to sequester carbon. However, studies conducted in Brazilian pastures have shown divergent responses for the SOC depending on management practices. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of management on SOC stocks in grasslands of the Brazilian states of Rondonia and Mato Grosso, and to derive region-specific factors for soil C stock change associated with different management conditions. Compared to SOC stocks in native vegetation, degraded grassland management decreased SOC by a factor of 0.91\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.14, nominal grassland management reduced SOC stock for Oxisols by a relatively small factor of 0.99\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.08, whereas, SOC storage increased by a factor of 1.24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.07 with nominal management for other soil types. Improved grassland management on Oxisols increased SOC storage by 1.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.07, relative to native stocks, but there were insufficient data to evaluate the impact of improved grassland management for other soil types. Using these results, we also evaluated the potential for grassland management to sequester or emit C to the atmosphere, and found that degraded grassland management decreased stocks by about 0.27\u20130.28\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 yr \u2212\u00a01 ; nominal management on Oxisols decreased C at a rate of 0.03\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 yr \u2212\u00a01 , while nominal management on others soil types and improved management on Oxisols increased stocks by 0.72\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 yr \u2212\u00a01 and 0.61\u00a0Mg C ha \u2212\u00a01 yr \u2212\u00a01 , respectively. Therefore, when well managed or improved, grasslands in Rondonia and Mato Grosso states have the potential to sequester C.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.11.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.12.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-01-27", "title": "Long-Term Manure And Fertilizer Effects On Soil Organic Matter Fractions And Microbes Under A Wheat\u2013Maize Cropping System In Northern China", "description": "Abstract As an essential indicator of soil quality, soil organic carbon (SOC) and its different labile fractions have an important role in determining soil chemical, physical, and biological properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents in different soil organic matter (SOM) pools (light and heavy fractions), the role of light- and heavy-fraction C in SOC sequestration, and culturable microbial counts in the surface (0\u201320\u00a0cm) of a fluvo-aquic soil after 18\u00a0years of fertilization treatments under a wheat\u2013maize cropping system in the North China Plain. The experiment included seven treatments: (1) OM, organic manure; (2) 1/2OMN, half organic manure with mineral fertilizer NPK; (3) NPK, mineral fertilizer NPK; (4) NP, mineral fertilizer NP; (5) PK, mineral fertilizer PK; (6) NK, mineral fertilizer NK; and (7) CK, unfertilized control. Carbon and N contents of the light and heavy fractions were highest in the OM treatment, while the CK treatment showed the lowest value. Application of half organic manure with mineral fertilizer NPK (treatment 2) significantly increased C and N contents of the light and heavy fractions in soil in comparison with application of mineral fertilizer alone (treatments 3, 4, 5, and 6). For the mineral fertilizer treatments, a balanced application of NPK (treatment 3) showed higher C and N contents of the light and heavy fractions than an unbalanced use of fertilizers (treatments 4, 5, and 6). Heavy-fraction C dominated total SOC storage in all treatments. The total SOC increase under fertilization treatments is attributed to an increase in C content of both the light and the heavy fraction. However, the SOC increase for the manure treatments was mainly due to an increase in the C content of the heavy fraction, whereas that for mineral fertilizer treatments was mainly due to an increase in the C content of the light fraction. The total soil culturable microbial counts (including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) was observed to be highest for the OM treatment, while the control plot showed the lowest value. Application of half organic manure with mineral fertilizer NPK was found to produce a higher culturable microbial counts than application of mineral fertilizers alone, and the NPK treatment gave a higher culturable microbial counts than other mineral fertilizer treatments (NP, PK or NK). Light-fraction C is probably the better predictor of microbial abundance, as it correlated more strongly with culturable microbial counts than total SOC did.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Wei Gong, Wei Gong, Jingyan Wang, Xiaoyuan Yan, Ting-xing Hu, Yuanbo Gong,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.12.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.12.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.12.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.12.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-03-11", "title": "Changes In Carbon And Nitrogen In Soil Particle-Size Fractions Along A Grassland Restoration Chronosequence In Northern China", "description": "Abstract Grazing exclusion (GE) can increase the carbon (C) storage of semiarid grasslands in China; however, little is known about the effect of long-term GE on the C storage of soil fractions. On the basis of a chronosequence of grassland restoration from free grazing (FG) to 28-year GE, we investigated the dynamics of total C and N in soil fractions in order to assess the impact of long-term GE on the soil fractions. The results revealed that long-term GE had a marked impact on soil particle-size fractions and their total C and N concentrations. The C associated with sand and clay in the 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil layer exhibited a significant logarithmic increase as period of GE increases. The increase in C storage with the introduction of GE was considerable, especially in the sand and clay fraction of 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil layer. The C:N ratios of the whole soil and of the sand and silt increased significantly with grassland restoration. Considering the accumulation of total C in the whole soil and soil fractions and their logarithmic increase during the GE chronosequence, we suggest that by implementing GE, the temperate grasslands of northern China could facilitate significant C storage on decade scales; however, when subjected to GE for 2 decades or more, these grassland soils would have a lower potential to further accumulate the C newly derived from litter and dead roots.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1097/ss.0b013e31802db198", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "unspecified", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-08", "title": "Long-Term Influence Of Conservation Tillage On Chemical Properties Of Surface Horizon And Legume Crops Yield In A Vertisol Of Southern Spain", "description": "There have been a limited number of studies about the long-term impact of direct drilling (DD) on soil properties and legume yields for vertisol of southern Spain. In this work, we assessed the influence of DD and conventional tillage (CT) systems in a long-term trial under dry farming with legume, such as chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.), broad bean (Vicia fafa L.), vetch (Vicia saliva L.) field pea (Pisum sativum L.), yields, and on soil chemical properties related to fertility (i.e., pH, soil organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the cation exchange capacity [CEC]) in a heavy clay soil. Direct drilling resulted in significantly (P \u2264 0.05) greater soil organic C (12 g kg -1 ) in the surface horizon (0-10 cm) of soil, 25% greater than CT (9.5 g kg -1 ). After 22 years of cropping, a significantly larger amount (P < 0.05) of available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium was found in the surface horizon (0-10 cm) under DD compared with CT, whereas the extractable calcium content was higher in CT (600 mg kg -1 ) than in DD (500 mg kg -1 ). Irrespective of the tillage, the CEC (0.52 mole kg -1 ) had high values, indicating the good fertility level of the soil used in the experiment. The high CEC of this soil related to the presence large amounts of smectitic clay. Even under these conditions, DD can improve fertility levels. In general, the changes in soil chemical properties did not result in significant differences (P < 0.05) in legume yields. However, the evolutions of the mean yields behaved better under DD than with CT, with a higher harvest ratio higher in DD (1.26 Mg ha -1 , 118%) compared with CT (1.07 Mg ha -1 , 100%) and producing approximately 15% more during the period. The DD/CT yield ratio increase as the annual rainfall did, indicating the more efficient water use of DD under dry farming in this soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Carlos Alberto Jara Bravo, Juan Vicente Gir\u00e1ldez, F. Perea Torres, R. Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez, Pedro Gonzalez,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ss.0b013e31802db198"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1097/ss.0b013e31802db198", "name": "item", "description": "10.1097/ss.0b013e31802db198", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1097/ss.0b013e31802db198"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-10", "title": "Impacts of elevated N inputs on north temperate forest soil C storage, C/N, and net N-mineralization", "description": "article Nitrogen (N) availability influences carbon (C) storage in forest soils through effects on plant growth, litter production, and soil C decomposition and stabilization. Soil C/N and net N-mineralization are commonly reported empirical measures of soil N availability, and changes in these variables due to N inputs may feed back to soil C storage through a variety of biotic and abiotic pathways. We conducted a meta-analysis of the responses of soil C storage, C/N, and net N-mineralization (Nmin) to N inputs in north temperate forests. The modes of N addition we considered were the establishment of N-fixing vegetation (Nfix), N-fertilization (Nfert), and simulated chronic N deposition (Ndep). Overall, N inputs increased soil C (+7.7%) and Nmin (+62%), while decreasing C/N (\u22124.9%). Soil C concentrations and C storage (pool sizes) responded similarly to N inputs, although increased soil C storage occurred only in the mineral soil (+12.2%). C/N shifts were restricted to the forest floor (\u22127.8%), whereas forest floor and mineral soil Nmin responses to N inputs were very similar (+61% and +64%, respectively). Significant between-study variation in the effects of N inputs on soil parameters was related to the mode of N addition, biogeographic factors, and time. Temporal relationships between N inputs and soil response parameters suggested that increases in forest floor and mineral soil Nmin were large but transient, and were followed by decadal-scale changes in forest floor C/N and mineral soil C storage. Temporal patterns present in the dataset could have been due to changes in soil organic matter decomposition and stabilization, or increased plant productivity and litter inputs. In either case, the results of this study quantitatively demonstrate that managing forest N supply affects N availability and soil C storage, and highlight the importance of long-term measurements for accurately assessing the", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lucas E. Nave, Lucas E. Nave, Christopher W. Swanston, Peter S. Curtis, Eric D. Vance,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1890/12-1243.1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:21:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-29", "title": "Microbial Abundance And Composition Influence Litter Decomposition Response To Environmental Change", "description": "

Rates of ecosystem processes such as decomposition are likely to change as a result of human impacts on the environment. In southern California, climate change and nitrogen (N) deposition in particular may alter biological communities and ecosystem processes. These drivers may affect decomposition directly, through changes in abiotic conditions, and indirectly through changes in plant and decomposer communities. To assess indirect effects on litter decomposition, we reciprocally transplanted microbial communities and plant litter among control and treatment plots (either drought or N addition) in a grassland ecosystem. We hypothesized that drought would reduce decomposition rates through moisture limitation of decomposers and reductions in plant litter quality before and during decomposition. In contrast, we predicted that N deposition would stimulate decomposition by relieving N limitation of decomposers and improving plant litter quality. We also hypothesized that adaptive mechanisms would allow microbes to decompose litter more effectively in their native plot and litter environments. Consistent with our first hypothesis, we found that drought treatment reduced litter mass loss from 20.9% to 15.3% after six months. There was a similar decline in mass loss of litter inoculated with microbes transplanted from the drought treatment, suggesting a legacy effect of drought driven by declines in microbial abundance and possible changes in microbial community composition. Bacterial cell densities were up to 86% lower in drought plots and at least 50% lower on litter derived from the drought treatment, whereas fungal hyphal lengths increased by 13\uffe2\uff80\uff9314% in the drought treatment. Nitrogen effects on decomposition rates and microbial abundances were weaker than drought effects, although N addition significantly altered initial plant litter chemistry and litter chemistry during decomposition. However, we did find support for microbial adaptation to N addition with N\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived microbes facilitating greater mass loss in N plots than in control plots. Our results show that environmental changes can affect rates of ecosystem processes directly through abiotic changes and indirectly through microbial abundances and communities. Therefore models of ecosystem response to global change may need to represent microbial biomass and community composition to make accurate predictions.

", "keywords": ["Time Factors", "Nitrogen", "Precipitation", "Nitrogen fertilization", "Environmental Microbiology", "Community composition", "Animals", "Home field advantage", "Global change", "Ecosystem", "2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "Bacteria", "Litter decomposition", "Fungi", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "Reciprocal transplant", "6. Clean water", "Droughts", "Plant Leaves", "Microbes", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt5bg595vm/qt5bg595vm.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1243.1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1890/12-1243.1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1890/12-1243.1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1890/12-1243.1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-06-10", "title": "Organic And Inorganic P Reserves In Rain-Fed And Irrigated Calcareous Soils Under Long-Term Organic And Conventional Agriculture", "description": "Abstract In low input farming systems the reserves of organic and inorganic P may be a significant source of P to crops. To clarify this we investigated organic and inorganic P reserves in an array of irrigated and rain-fed calcareous soils of grassy crops, with long term organic or conventional farming practices. Organic P (Po) reserves appeared to be more sensitive than inorganic P reserves to changes in soil fertilisation regime. Organic P reserves were sensitive to the quantity of P added, rather than to the quality of the input. In soils receiving manures, there was no correlation between organic P reserves and soil organic C and N or soil carbonate content. In contrast, inorganic P reserves in soils receiving manure were positively linked to soil total N and to organic C (in irrigated organic soils) and negatively to carbonate content. This suggests that the accumulation of inorganic P pools in calcareous soils receiving manure may be enhanced in soils with high organic matter content. As indicated by changes in the N/Po ratio, soil carbonates protected total organic P pools from mineralisation in soils receiving adequate amounts of P fertilisers. In contrast, in soils receiving low amounts of manures we observed low amounts of organic P even in soils with a high carbonate content. Therefore, in conditions of P starvation, organic P reserves protected by carbonates may be slowly mobilised. Despite this mobilisation, in soils receiving low amounts of P, no relationships were observed between labile Pi pools and organic P reserves. In contrast in soils in soils receiving sufficient amounts of P we observed a relationship between organic P reserves and labile Pi pools. In irrigated soils inorganic P reserves were positively correlated with labile P pools, even when fertilisation was moderately low. The application of manure to these latter soils favoured the links between organic P reserves and labile P forms.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.024", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-09-23", "title": "Soil Dynamics In Pinus Halepensis Reforestation: Effect Of Microenvironments And Previous Land Use", "description": "Abstract Reforestation with Pinus halepensis has been the most frequently used method for restoring supposedly degraded lands in Mediterranean semiarid areas, a key objective of which is to improve soil conditions to trigger succession. In this paper we study the effect of a 30\u00a0year-old reforestation on lands formerly dedicated to two different uses: shrubland and barley fields. The study area is located in SE Spain in a semiarid area with an annual rainfall of 298\u00a0mm. We hypothesize that the previous land use will influence present day soil characteristics. In addition, reforestations have led to the formation of microenvironments associated to: (i) tree development, which generates a radial gradient of influence; (ii) disturbance by mechanical works with resulting microenvironments such as escarpments, showing a worse initial state and, therefore, slower dynamics. Ten plots were set up on former shrubland and ten on a former barley field. Each plot represented a set of related microenvironments that followed a gradient of tree influence/mechanical disturbance. The microenvironments on former shrubland were: under escarpment (ES), plantation line adjacent to P. halepensis stem (PL), beneath P. halepensis crown (BC), the upper bank where part of the material of the terrace was dumped (UB) and original unaltered hillslope taken as pseudocontrol of the original soil (PC). In the former barley field, only PL, BC and PC microenvironments were present as no terracing was carried out. Pine growth created a strong gradient of litter input in the sequence PL\u00a0>\u00a0BC\u00a0>\u00a0PC which, however, had no significant effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) or other soil variables (except light changes in extractable K and pH). The incorporation of organic matter into the soil was probably delayed by the quality of recalcitrant pine litter and the unfavorable semiarid climate. In addition, disturbance created by reforestation works seems to have been buffered by redistribution of fine particles through short-range erosion and sedimentation. In the external part of the terrace, the values of SOC and extractable Na were higher, accompanied by increased electrical conductivity and decreased pH. The most striking differences found were related to former land use. SOC was three times higher in former shrubland than in former barley field. Likewise, available P was higher in the former barley field and extractable Na was higher in the former shrubland, both apparently related to the pre-reforestation state. The results indicate that soil dynamics thirty years after the reforestation has hardly erased the differences attributable to former land use. Soil dynamics induced by the input of organic matter from trees is slower that expected when the reforestation was planned. We conclude that any future application of reforestation should take into account the slow soil dynamics observed in this study in order to be more effective.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.024"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.024", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.024", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.024"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-01", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen As Affected By Vegetation Types In Northern Loess Plateau Of China", "description": "One of the most fragile areas in the China Loess Plateau, is the transitional belt that is subjected to wind and water erosion. The transitional belt accounts for about 30% of the Loess Plateau area. To reduce soil degradation in the Loess Plateau, the Chinese government initiated a state-funded vegetation restoration project in 1999. The effectiveness of this project on transitional belt soils is unknown. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of four dominant vegetation types on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) in a selected catchment within the transitional belt. Korshinsk Peashrub (KOP), purple alfalfa (ALF). and natural fallow (NAF) were selected as vegetation restoration types because they have been used widely to remedy soil degradation. The fourth vegetation type selected was millet (MIL) because it has been an important crop in the region. In 2004, four 61 x 5 m plots were established on 12 degrees slope land. The plots were parallel and separated by 80 cm. Based upon soil samples collected in August of 2007, there were large variations in the distributions and stocks of SOC and N across the four vegetation types. Compared with MIL, KOP significantly increased the concentration and stock of SOC and total nitrogen (TN) in 0-100 cm soil profiles, while ALF and NAF were not significantly different. The distributions of SOC and TIN concentrations and stocks of KOP, ALF and NAF were relatively uniform along a hillslope, while there was an increasing trend along the hillslope in MIL This result suggests that ALF and NAF would be beneficial in SOC and TN sequestration over a long-term because of their ability to reduce the loss of SOC and TN by soil erosion. We also found that both vegetation types and hillslope position had no significant effects on C:N ratio. Our Study demonstrated that improvements of SOC and TN stocks in the transitional belt could be made through well managed vegetation restoration measures. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Xiaorong Wei, Robert Horton, Xiaoli Fu, Mingan Shao,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-01-19", "title": "Responses Of Soil Respiration To N Fertilization In A Loamy Soil Under Maize Cultivation", "description": "Abstract To understand the effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil respiration in an intensively cultivated fluvo-aquic loamy soil, a field experiment was conducted in the Fengqiu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station, Henan province, China. The experiment consisted of five treatments: unplanted and N-unfertilized soil (CK0), unplanted soil treated with 150\u00a0kg N\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 (CKNL), maize ( Zea mays L.) planted and N-unfertilized soil (N0), and planted soils fertilized with 150\u00a0kg N\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 (NL) and 250\u00a0kg N\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 (NH). Soil CO 2 efflux during the maize growth season was significantly affected by soil temperature and also by soil moisture when the opposite effect of soil moisture below and above the optimum values was distinguished. There was a significant interdependence between soil temperature and soil moisture in the effect on soil CO 2 efflux in the presence of maize plants. A logarithm transformed regression equation including soil temperature ( T ) and soil moisture ( W ) was developed as y \u00a0=\u00a0 a \u00a0+\u00a0 bT log( W ). This equation accounted for 60\u201371% of the seasonal variation in soil CO 2 efflux, which better depicted soil CO 2 efflux than did a regression equation with soil temperature alone in the maize planted soils. Cumulative soil CO 2 emissions in the CK0 and CKNL treatments were estimated as 229\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012 and 245\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017\u00a0g C\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 , respectively during the experimental period and the application of N fertilizer slightly increased soil basal respiration by 6.5% through enhancing microbial biomass. In contrast, cumulative seasonal soil CO 2 emissions were 7.4% lower in the NL (461\u00a0\u00b1\u00a033\u00a0g C\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 ) and NH (462\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013\u00a0g C\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 ) treatments than in the N0 treatment (498\u00a0\u00b1\u00a032\u00a0g C\u00a0m \u2212\u00a02 ), indicating that N fertilization marginally significantly depressed soil respiration ( p \u00a0=\u00a00.06). N application rates, however, did not exhibit any effects. Our results suggest that the effects of N fertilization on soil respiration mainly depended on the concentration of easily decomposed organic carbon in soil and N fertilization possibly reduced soil respiration in the planted soils when N released from the decomposition of native soil organic carbon roughly met the demand for maize growth.", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Biological sciences", "Agricultural", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil sciences not elsewhere classified", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.021", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-03-12", "title": "Assessments Of The Impacts Of Chinese Fir Plantation And Natural Regenerated Forest On Soil Organic Matter Quality At Longmen Mountain, Sichuan, China", "description": "Abstract Three soil labile organic carbon indicators, i.e., particulate organic carbon (POC) by size fractionation, light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) by density fractionation and permanganate-oxidizable carbon (MnoxC) oxidized by 333\u00a0mM KMnO 4 , were employed to identify the soil organic carbon (SOM) pools of a Chinese fir plantation (CF) and a regenerated forest (RF) that were converted originally from the natural evergreen broad-leaved forest (NF) 18\u00a0years ago after clear cutting on an upland yellow soil in Longmen mountain, southwest China. Bulk soil organic carbon and nitrogen concentration at the soil depth of 0\u201320\u00a0cm were significantly lower in CF and RF than in NF, while no significant C/N ratio change was found. Top soil MnoxC concentration of CF showed a significant increase while RF demonstrated a slight decline compared to NF, whereas, non-MnoxC of CF and RF both presented a significant decline compare to NF. A different indication between chemical oxidization and physical fractionation method was found. POC, particulate organic nitrogen (PON), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) and mineral-associated organic nitrogen (MON) were significantly reduced in CF and RF compared to NF. CF, POC and PON showed significant reductions than that in RF. The losses of TOC and N in the particulate separates were more than that in the mineral-associated separates for both CF and RF. A significant decline of LFOC at 0\u201310\u00a0cm, 10\u201320\u00a0cm and 20\u201330\u00a0cm soil depths were found in CF and RF compared to NF, and a significant larger loss of LFOC in CF than in RF was also found. The heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC) at the 0\u201310\u00a0cm soil depth was also significantly reduced in CF and RF, while there was no significant difference between CF and RF. The absence of vegetation cover in CF and RF, especially at the early stage of restoration, was contributed to the reductions in both labile and non-labile carbon. Timely thinning after canopy closure or establishing CF mixing with native broad-leaved species should be encouraged to mitigate the labile carbon loss.", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.021"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.021", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.021", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.021"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:17:00Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-06-21", "title": "Porosity Characterization Of Argiudolls Under Different Management Systems In The Argentine Flat Pampa", "description": "Abstract Soil pore network characteristics are influenced by management and tillage practices. The objective of this work was to verify if the simultaneous use of the information obtained from tension infiltrometers and water release curves contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of different long-term management systems on the pore space of agricultural soils. The study was carried out on the Flat Pampa in Santa Fe, Argentina, in two types of typical Argiudolls with a silty-loam surface soil texture. The following treatments were evaluated: a) no-till with corn\u2013wheat/soybean rotation (NT-R), and b) conventional tillage with wheat/soybean sequence (CT-S) at Galvez; and a) no-till with corn\u2013soybean\u2013wheat/soybean rotation (NT-R), and b) no-till with wheat/soybean sequence (NT-S) at Videla. Tension values of 0, 1.5 and 3\u00a0cm were applied using tension infiltrometers with the aim of obtaining soil hydraulic conductivity measurements ( K 0 , K 1.5 , and K 3 ), and several hydraulic parameters (pore size, pore number, effective macroporosity, conducting macroporosity ( e ( a , b ) ), water flow and water flow decrease). Undisturbed soil cores were collected to determine water release curves (WRC) and soil bulk density (Db). The total macroporosity (Ma) and pore size frequency curve were determined from the fitted model of the WRC. Macropore connectivity was calculated using e ( a , b ) and Ma. In Galvez, the Db values, K at all tensions, the number of effective pores, the mean pore radius and the effective macroporosity were significantly higher for NT-R. The conducting and total macroporosity values were similar in NT-R and CT-S, but the pores had better continuity in NT-R. In Videla, only K 0 and K 1.5 showed statistical differences in favor of NT-R. This treatment also had a greater number of effective pores, and higher effective, conducting and total macroporosity values, apart from the overall better pore connectivity. There were no significant differences between the NT-R and CT-S for Db and K 3 . The evaluated indicators determined that the pore network characteristics are affected not only by tillage system, but also by the crops chosen for the rotation. When used jointly, tension infiltrometers and water release curves can be very useful tools for monitoring the evolution of the soils physical conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "SILTY-LOAM SOILS", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "WATER RELEASE CURVE", "https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "TENSION INFILTROMETER", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "PORE SYSTEM", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Imhoff, Silvia del Carmen, Ghiberto, Pablo Javier, Grioni, Agustin, Gaydou, Juan Pablo,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=rest&offset=2950&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=rest&offset=2950&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=rest&offset=2900", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=rest&offset=3000", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9297, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:10:44.941576Z"}