{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-04-25", "title": "Alternation of wet and dry sides during partial rootzone drying irrigation enhances leaf ethylene evolution", "description": "Soil drying increases endogenous ABA and ACC concentrations in planta, but how these compounds interact to regulate stomatal responses to soil drying and re-watering is still unclear. To determine the temporal dynamics and physiological significance of root, xylem and leaf ABA and ACC concentrations in response to deficit irrigation (DI) or partial rootzone drying (PRD-F) and re-watering, these variables were measured in plants exposed to similar whole pot soil water contents. Both DI and PRD-F plants received only a fraction of the irrigation supplied to well-watered (WW) plants, either to all (DI) or part (PRD-F) of the rootzone of plants grown in split-pots. Both DI and PRD-F induced partial stomatal closure, increased root ABA and ACC accumulation consistent with local soil water content, but did not affect xylem or leaf concentrations of these compounds compared to WW plants. Two hours after re-watering all (DI-RW) or part of the rootzone (PRD-A) to the same soil water content, stomatal conductance returned to WW values or further decreased respectively. Re-watering the whole rootzone had no effect on xylem and leaf ABA and ACC concentrations, while re-watering the dry side of the pot in PRD plants had no effect on xylem and leaf ABA concentrations but increased xylem and leaf ACC concentrations and leaf ethylene evolution. Leaf water potential was similar between all irrigation treatments, with stomatal conductance declining as xylem ABA concentrations and leaf ACC concentrations increased. Prior to re-watering PRD plants, accounting for the spatial differences in soil water uptake best explained variation in xylem ACC concentration suggesting root-to-shoot ACC signalling, but this model did not account for variation in xylem ACC concentration after re-watering the dry side of PRD plants. Thus local (foliar) and long-distance (root-to-shoot) variation in ACC status both seem important in regulating the temporal dynamics of foliar ethylene evolution in plants exposed to PRD.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Irrigation", "Stomatal conductance", "Root-to-shoot signalling", "Ethylene", "Physiological significance", "Deficit irrigation", "Plant Science", "Leaf water", "F06 Irrigation", "01 natural sciences", "ACC", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Xylem", "15. Life on land", "F60 Plant physiology and biochemistry", "6. Clean water", "Horticulture", "13. Climate action", "Soil water", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Soil moisture heterogeneity", "Partial rootzone drying"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/144510/1/Juan_EEB_Manuscript_final.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20and%20Experimental%20Botany", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104095"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.11.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-01-23", "title": "Inorganic And Organic N Pools In Soils Burned Or Heated: Immediate Alterations And Evolution After Forest Wildfires", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Nitrogen", "Forest fires", "Residual N", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrolysable N", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Recalcitrant and labile N", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.11.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.11.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.11.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.11.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-19", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization From A Chinese Cabbage Field Under Different Nitrogen Treatments In The Taihu Lake Basin, China", "description": "Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is a major pathway of nitrogen (N) loss from soil-crop systems. As vegetable cultivation is one of the most important agricultural land uses worldwide, a deeper understanding of NH3 volatilization is necessary in vegetable production systems. We therefore conducted a 3-year (2010-2012) field experiment to characterize NH3 volatilization and evaluate the effect of different N fertilizer treatments on this process during the growth period of Chinese cabbage. Ammonia volatilization rate, rainfall, soil water content, pH, and soil NH4(+) were measured during the growth period. The results showed that NH3 volatilization was significantly and positively correlated to topsoil pH and NH4(+) concentration. Climate factors and fertilization method also significantly affected NH3 volatilization. Specifically, organic fertilizer (OF) increased NH3 volatilization by 11.77%-18.46%, compared to conventional fertilizer (CF, urea), while organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (OIF) reduced NH3 volatilization by 8.82%-12.67% compared to CF. Furthermore, slow-release fertilizers had significantly positive effects on controlling NH3 volatilization, with a 60.73%-68.80% reduction for sulfur-coated urea (SCU), a 71.85%-78.97% reduction for biological Carbon Power\u00ae urea (BCU), and a 77.66%-83.12% reduction for bulk-blend controlled-release fertilizer (BBCRF) relative to CF. This study provides much needed baseline information, which will help in fertilizer choice and management practices to reduce NH3 volatilization and encourage the development of new strategies for vegetable planting.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Nitrogen", "Brassica", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "Ammonia", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Volatilization", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hongcai Wang, Linan Shan, Qian Huang, Jie Chen, Yun-feng He,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-11-03", "title": "Wildfire Effects On Soil Organic Matter Quantity And Quality In Two Fire-Prone Mediterranean Pine Forests", "description": "Open AccessFinancial support was supplied by the Institut National des Science d'Univers of the Centre National de Recherche Scienti\ufb01que (France), under the framework of the ECCO program 'QUANTICHAR'.", "keywords": ["570", "Soil organic matter (SOM)", "Mediterranean pine forests", "Wildfires", " Mediterranean pine forests", " Soil organic matter (SOM)", " Lignin", " Charcoal.", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Lignin", "630", "Wildfires", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "14. Life underwater", "Soil organic matter (SOM);", "[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-03-05", "title": "The Effect Of Clear Cutting On Podzolisation And Soil Carbon Dynamics In Boreal Forests (Middle Taiga Zone, Russia)", "description": "Abstract Boreal forests are one of the most important terrestrial carbon sink, and a large portion of C is allocated in soil for long-term storage. However forest harvesting may quickly affect soil carbon stocks and dynamics, especially where organic substances drive the soil-forming processes, such as in Podzols. To evaluate the effects of clear cutting on carbon dynamics and podzolisation process over a short time period, a pristine boreal forest (Komi Republic, Russian Federation) and a recently clear cut site (5\u00a0year-old) were selected. Soils are polygenic: podzolisation occurs within the clay-depleted eluvial horizon, formed by a previous lessivage process. Because podzolisation can start only after the eluvial horizon has reached a sort of threshold, bisequal soils allow to individuate comparable pedogenic conditions prior to anthropogenic disturbances. After harvesting, C storage tended to increase in the upper part of the soil profile (organic layer and podzolic sequum) from 2.2 to 5.0\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02. The abundance of woody materials on the forest floor together with an increase in soil water saturation, discernible by the vegetation survey and iron fractionation, prevented litter degradation and allowed organic matter accumulation at the soil surface. Fulvic acids (FA) in the organic layer of the pristine site showed a low incorporation of polysaccharide and proteinaceous moieties, confirming a higher degradation of the humified fraction than at the clear cut site. The lack of disturbances allowed a selection of FA with the more oxidised and mobile fractions accumulating in the deeper horizons, as currently observed in Podzols. Almost no differences were instead found in the chemical composition of FA along the profile from the clear cut site. A larger portion of FA showed the tendency to migrate through the profile after clear cutting even below the Bhs horizon (C-fulvic acid/C-humic acid >\u00a01) with a marked increase in the FA-carbon stocks with respect to the pristine forest soil (0.66 and 0.30\u00a0kg\u00a0m\u2212\u00a02 down to 30\u00a0cm, respectively). Clear cutting also affected Al and Fe dynamics. The reducing conditions acted upon soil mineral surfaces and enhanced Fe mobilisation probably both in the ionic form and complexed with organic matter. The Al dynamics was instead more related to short term transformations of the layer silicate phases. Traces of a poorly crystalline chlorite were detectable in the Bhs in the pristine forest, but at the clear site only hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite was present. The high amounts of organic acids that migrated through the Bhs after clear cutting may have partially complexed the Al from pedogenic chlorite, giving rise to hydroxy-interlayered behaviour, as normally occurs in Podzol eluvial horizons from where the organic Al-complexes migrate. Our findings suggested that if this trend proceeds further the whole podzolic sequum may migrate downwards. This may have important implication on C budget, as organic carbon will be transferred deeper in the soil profile limiting its losses at least over a short time period.", "keywords": ["BISEQUAL SOILS; CARBON STOCKS; CLAY MINERALOGY; FULVIC ACIDS; NORWAY SPRUCE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/100698/2/Falsone%20et%20al%202012%20Geoderma%20AperTO.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.036"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:08Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-06-19", "title": "Influence Of Organic And Mineral Amendments On Microbial Soil Properties And Processes", "description": "Abstract Microbial diversity in soils is considered important for maintaining sustainability of agricultural production systems. However, the links between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes are not well understood. This study was designed to gain better understanding of the effects of short-term management practices on the microbial community and how changes in the microbial community affect key soil processes. The effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) on soil biology and N dynamics was determined in two soils with organic and conventional management histories that varied in soil microbial properties but had the same fertility. The soils were amended with equal amounts of N (100\u00a0kg\u00a0ha\u22121) in organic (lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L.) and mineral form (urea), respectively. Over a 91-day period, microbial biomass C and N, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, community structure of pseudomondas (sensu stricto), actinomycetes and \u03b1 proteobacteria (by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) following PCR amplification of 16S rDNA fragments) and N mineralisation were measured. Lupin amendment resulted in a two- to five-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activity, while these parameters did not differ significantly between the urea and control treatments. The PCR\u2013DGGE analysis showed that the addition of mineral and organic compounds had an influence on the microbial community composition in the short term (up to 10 days) but the effects were not sustained over the 91-day incubation period. Microbial community structure was strongly influenced by the presence or lack of substrate, while the type of amendment (organic or mineral) had an effect on microbial biomass size and activity. These findings show that the addition of green manures improved soil biology by increasing microbial biomass and activity irrespective of management history, that no direct relationship existed among microbial structure, enzyme activity and N mineralisation, and that microbial community structure (by PCR\u2013DGGE) was more strongly influenced by inherent soil and environmental factors than by short-term management practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "ANZSRC::31 Biological sciences", "nitrogen mineralisation", "urea", "ANZSRC::30 Agricultural", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure", "Marsden::300102 Soil biology", "veterinary and food sciences", "microbial community structure", "13. Climate action", "ANZSRC::41 Environmental sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "DGGE", "organic and conventional farming practices"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Applied%20Soil%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.apsoil.2006.05.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/egusphere-egu23-4377", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:19:47Z", "type": "Report", "created": "2023-02-22", "title": "What is the place for soils in scenario-based ecosystem services approaches ? A systematic review", "description": "

Prospective studies and scenario-based approaches are pivotal to support land planning, agricultural and environmental management. The integration of soils within such approaches have recently developed significantly, alongside the increasing attention given to soil-related ecosystem services (ES). Such interest is explained by the urgent need to assess how soil ecosystem services and their related threats (ST) (e.g. soil erosion, soil biodiversity loss, soil contamination, soil sealing) may evolve in response to potential changes in climate, production systems or land management. This generally involves describing the dynamics of soil changes over time as a function of different driving forces (e.g., climate change, public policies), but also assessing variations in space considering soil characteristics.A group of researchers participating in the SERENA project of the EJP Soil program conducted a meta-analysis to study the methods used in existing prospective studies focusing on six soil ES (e.g. biomass production, habitat for biodiversity, hydrological control, environmental pollution control, greenhouse gas and climate regulation, pest and disease control) and ten ST (e.g. soil erosion, soil organic carbon loss, nutrient imbalance, soil acidification, soil contamination, waterlogging, soil compaction, soil sealing, salinization, loss of diversity). Approximately 150 scientific articles referenced in Scopus and the Web of Science were selected in order to analyze how soil properties are considered in scenario-based approaches for ES and ST mapping and assessment.The objective of this study is to show the results of this  review which involved multiple researchers at the European level in order to highlight how soils are accounted for in ES and ST assessment and mapping exercises through scenario-based approaches. More particularly, the aims of the review are to: i) understand what main drivers are used in scenarization approaches (e.g. land use changes, climate change) and how the scenarios are developed; ii) what are the main soil properties and the associated metrics used to assess and map soil ES and ST, and; iii) what methodological approaches are currently chosen to assess ES and ST changes across time and space.The outcomes of such an analysis would help highlighting the state of the art of soil ES and ST research at the European level and, therefore, establish milestones to guide future trajectories in the field.This might support and encourage the harmonization of practices at the European level in ES-related studies and in scenarization practices, in order to create operational and homogeneous tools and frameworks to support the development of pertinent strategies and land-planning policies, with a specific focus on agricultural lands.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "scenarization practices", "13. Climate action", "SERENA project", "11. Sustainability", "soil ES", "soil ST", "EJP Soil program", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "3. Good health", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-4377"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/egusphere-egu23-4377", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/egusphere-egu23-4377", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-4377"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-05-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-07", "title": "Critical review of the impacts of grazing intensity on soil organic carbon storage and other soil quality indicators in extensively managed grasslands", "description": "Livestock grazing intensity (GI) is thought to have a major impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and soil quality indicators in grassland agroecosystems. To critically investigate this, we conducted a global review and meta-analysis of 83 studies of extensive grazing, covering 164 sites across different countries and climatic zones. Unlike previous published reviews we normalized the SOC and total nitrogen (TN) data to a 30\u00a0cm depth to be compatible with IPCC guidelines. We also calculated a normalized GI and divided the data into four main groups depending on the regional climate (dry warm, DW; dry cool, DC; moist warm, MW; moist cool, MC). Our results show that taken across all climatic zones and GIs, grazing (below the carrying capacity of the systems) results in a decrease in SOC storage, although its impact on SOC is climate-dependent. When assessed for different regional climates, all GI levels increased SOC stocks under the MW climate (+7.6%) whilst there were reductions under the MC climate (-19%). Under the DW and DC climates, only the low (+5.8%) and low to medium (+16.1%) grazing intensities, respectively, were associated with increased SOC stocks. High GI significantly increased SOC for C4-dominated grassland compared to C3-dominated grassland and C3-C4 mixed grasslands. It was also associated with significant increases in TN and bulk density but had no effect on soil pH. To protect grassland soils from degradation, we recommend that GI and management practices should be optimized according to climate region and grassland type (C3, C4 or C3-C4 mixed).", "keywords": ["330", "QH301 Biology", "630", "Article", "QH301", "NE/M021327/1", "Grazing intensity", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "grazing", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "NE/P019455/1", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Grassland", "soil organic carbon", "Grazing", "grazing intensity", "total nitrogen", "13. Climate action", "NE/M016900/1", "NE/M019713/1", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "BB/N013484/1", "grassland", "BB/N013468/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-27", "title": "Irrigation Regime Affected Soc Content Rather Than Plow Layer Thickness Of Rice Paddies: A County Level Survey From A River Basin In Lower Yangtze Valley, China", "description": "Abstract While the impacts of farm management practices such as fertilization, tillage and straw return on soil organic carbon dynamics in croplands have been widely studied, the effects of irrigation management in irrigated rice paddies have not yet been widely assessed. Changes in plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content of rice paddies were analyzed using data obtained in a county-level survey of soil fertility conducted in 2005 and 2006 in Guichi County, Anhui Province, China. Both soil thickness and organic carbon content of plow layer showed skewed normal distributions, with their averages of 14.58\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.92\u00a0cm, and 16.45\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.02\u00a0g/kg, respectively. The irrigation method was found to have significant influences on both plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content, as the plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content had an inverse response to the irrigation intensity derived from different irrigation methods. The land-level performance of irrigation/drainage infrastructure and the irrigation water sources were detected to have significant effect on plow layer thickness, but little influence on soil organic carbon content. While the capacity of irrigation/drainage infrastructure had a remarkable effect on soil organic carbon content but little impact on plow layer thickness. However, the irrigation condition for surveyed fields was detected to have little effect on both plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon content. These results indicated that irrigation management should keep the balance between surface erosion on plow layer thickness and soil organic carbon accumulation. Hence, developing new technique for good irrigation infrastructure and water management in future will help soil organic carbon accumulation as well as improve the soil for enhanced crop growth in rice agriculture.", "keywords": ["330", "QH301 Biology", "01 natural sciences", "QH301", "water management", "land-use", "sequential reduction processes", "P losses", "fields", "SDG 15 - Life on Land", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic carbon", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Irrigation water source", "15. Life on land", "topsoil organic-carbon", "6. Clean water", "lowland rice", "Irrigation management", "13. Climate action", "soil colloidal suspensions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Rice paddy", "lake region", "stability behavior", "Soil thickness"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107669", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-04-29", "title": "Plant water deficit index-based irrigation under conditions of salinity", "description": "Project Co-ordinators: Dr. Jose Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero (Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CISC), Dr. Weifeng Xu (Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, FAFU).-- Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). In arid and semi-arid regions, water scarcity and soil salinization are major factors impacting sustainable agricultural production. In this study, a macroscopic root-water-uptake model was used to adapt a plant water deficit index (PWDI) for irrigation scheduling under conditions of coexisting soil water and salinity stress-causing factors. The traditional approach, estimating PWDI with average root zone soil water and salt amounts, was improved by weighting the effects of soil water and salinity according to the normalized root length density profile. An experiment growing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in soil columns and an experiment growing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in a salinized field were implemented to explore and quantify the effects of soil water and salinity conditions on plant water status, and thus to validate the improvement and evaluate its application, by monitoring soil water and salinity dynamics and plant growth indexes (e.g., leaf area, dry weight, leaf water potential, transpiration and yield). The results indicate that, even under conditions with equal root zone averages of soil matric and osmotic potentials, plant water status might be significantly different. In general, plants were less stressed when more water and less salinity were allocated in the upper root zone with more roots while less water and more salinity occurred in the lower root zone with less roots. By referring to some information in the soil column experiment, a numerical experiment was conducted to further demonstrate the improvement. The root-weighted approach resulted in improved PWDI estimation and thus was more reliable for irrigation scheduling, leading to higher irrigation frequency and quantity, leaf area index, biomass, yield, and transpiration, without significant decrease in water productivity. However, further improvement could be possible by considering the effects of historical soil water and salinity stresses as well as meteorological conditions on plant water status. This research was supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1706211, 51790532), Major Scientific and Technological Program of Xinjiang in China (2020A01002\u20133), and the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Project SHui (773903). Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil salinity", "Soil water", "Plant water deficiency", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Root distribution", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Irrigation scheduling", "Data driven irrigation management", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Liu, Lining, Wang, Tianshu, Wang, Lichun, Wu, Xun, Zuo, Qiang, Shi, Jianchu, Sheng, Jiandong, Jiang, Pingan, Chen, Quanjia, Ben-Gal, Alon,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107669"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107669", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107669", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107669"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1073/pnas.1116364109", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-10", "title": "High-Yield Maize With Large Net Energy Yield And Small Global Warming Intensity", "description": "

Addressing concerns about future food supply and climate change requires management practices that maximize productivity per unit of arable land while reducing negative environmental impact. On-farm data were evaluated to assess energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of irrigated maize in Nebraska that received large nitrogen (N) fertilizer (183 kg of N\uffe2\uff8b\uff85ha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 ) and irrigation water inputs (272 mm or 2,720 m 3 ha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 ). Although energy inputs (30 GJ\uffe2\uff8b\uff85ha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 ) were larger than those reported for US maize systems in previous studies, irrigated maize in central Nebraska achieved higher grain and net energy yields (13.2 Mg\uffe2\uff8b\uff85ha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 and 159 GJ\uffe2\uff8b\uff85ha \uffe2\uff88\uff921 , respectively) and lower GHG-emission intensity (231 kg of CO 2 e\uffe2\uff8b\uff85Mg \uffe2\uff88\uff921 of grain). Greater input-use efficiencies, especially for N fertilizer, were responsible for better performance of these irrigated systems, compared with much lower-yielding, mostly rainfed maize systems in previous studies. Large variation in energy inputs and GHG emissions across irrigated fields in the present study resulted from differences in applied irrigation water amount and imbalances between applied N inputs and crop N demand, indicating potential to further improve environmental performance through better management of these inputs. Observed variation in N-use efficiency, at any level of applied N inputs, suggests that an N-balance approach may be more appropriate for estimating soil N 2 O emissions than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change approach based on a fixed proportion of applied N. Negative correlation between GHG-emission intensity and net energy yield supports the proposition that achieving high yields, large positive energy balance, and low GHG emissions in intensive cropping systems are not conflicting goals.

", "keywords": ["land use change", "Greenhouse Effect", "2. Zero hunger", "Agricultural Irrigation", "330", "Databases", " Factual", "Plant Sciences", "Nitrous Oxide", "Agriculture", "Nebraska", "food security", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop intensification", "15. Life on land", "Zea mays", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "Air Pollution", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agro-ecosystem", "Fertilizers", "environmental footprint"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Grassini, Patricio, Cassman, Kenneth,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1116364109"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1073/pnas.1116364109", "name": "item", "description": "10.1073/pnas.1116364109", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1073/pnas.1116364109"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/ldr.2784", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:14:10Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-24", "title": "Alleviating Nitrogen Limitation in Mediterranean Maquis Vegetation Leads to Ecological Degradation", "description": "Abstract

Soils are being degraded at an alarming rate and thereby also crucial ecosystem goods and services. Nitrogen (N) enrichment is a major driver of this degradation. While the negative impacts of N enrichment on vegetation are well known globally, those on various ecological interactions, and on ecosystem functioning, remain largely unknown. Because Mediterranean ecosystems are N limited, they are good model systems for evaluating how N enrichment impacts not only vegetation but also ecological partnerships and ecosystem functioning. Using a 7\uffe2\uff80\uff90year N\uffe2\uff80\uff90manipulation (dose and form) field experiment running in a Mediterranean Basin maquis located in a region with naturally low ambient N deposition (<4\uffc2\uffa0kg\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921), we assessed the impacts of the N additions on (i) the dominant plant species (photosynthetic N\uffe2\uff80\uff90use efficiency); (ii) plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil ecological partnerships with ectomycorrhiza and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixing bacteria; and (iii) ecosystem degradation (plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, biological mineral weathering and soil N fixation). N additions significantly disrupted plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil cover, plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil biotic interactions, and ecosystem functioning compared with ambient N deposition conditions. However, the higher the ammonium dose (alone or with nitrate), the more drastic these disruptions were. We report a critical threshold at 20\uffe2\uff80\uff9340\uffc2\uffa0kg ammonium ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffc2\uffa0y\uffe2\uff88\uff921 whereby severe ecosystem degradation can be expected. These observations are critical to help explain the mechanisms behind ecosystem degradation, to describe the collective loss of organisms and multifunction in the landscape, and to predict potential fragmentation of Mediterranean maquis under conditions of unrelieved N enrichment. Copyright \uffc2\uffa9 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Soils deliver the regulating ecosystem services of water infiltration and distribution, which can be controlled by macropores. Parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties is challenging due to the lack of direct measurement methods. With tension-disc infiltrometry hydraulic properties near saturation can be measured. Differentiating between hydrologically active and non-active pores, at a given water potential, indirectly assesses macropore continuity. Water flow through macropores is controlled by macropore size distribution, tortuosity, and connectivity, which can be directly derived by X-ray computed tomography (CT). Our objective was to parameterize macropore hydraulic properties based on the imaged macropore network of three horizons of an Andosol and a Gleysol. Hydraulic conductivity K unsat was derived from infiltration measurements. Soil cores from the infiltration areas were scanned with X-ray CT. K unsat was significantly higher in the Andosol than in the Gleysol at all water potentials, and decreased significantly with depth in both soils. The in situ measurements guided the definition of new macroporosity parameters from the X-ray CT reconstructions. For the Andosol, K unsat was best predicted using the imaged-limited macroporosity. A low total macroporosity, coupled with a high macropore density, indicated the abundance of smaller macropores, leading to homogeneous matrix flux. Imaged macropores were not well connected. In contrast, the Gleysol had a bi-modal macropore system with few very large, but well-connected macropores. K unsat was best predicted using the imaged macroporosity consisting only of macropores with diameters between 0.75 and 3 mm. Our research demonstrates that linking traditional soil physical measurements with soil-visualization techniques has a huge potential to improve parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties. The relevance of the relationships found in this study for larger scales and other soil types still needs to be tested, for example by a multi-scale investigation including a much wider range of different soils.

", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Hydraulic parameters", "0207 environmental engineering", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Image analysis", "Tension disc in\ufb01ltrometr", "Tension disc infiltrometry", "Pore network", "13. Climate action", "Soil structure", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-28", "title": "High-resolution and three-dimensional mapping of soil texture of China", "description": "The lack of detailed three-dimensional soil texture information largely restricts many applications in agriculture, hydrology, climate, ecology and environment. This study predicted 90 m resolution spatial variations of sand, silt and clay contents at a national extent across China and at multiple depths 0\u20135, 5\u201315, 15\u201330, 30\u201360, 60\u2013100 and 100\u2013200 cm. We used 4579 soil profiles collected from a national soil series inventory conducted recently and currently available environmental covariates. The covariates characterized environmental factors including climate, parent materials, terrain, vegetation and soil conditions. We constructed random forest models and employed a parallel computing strategy for the predictions of soil texture fractions based on its relationship with the environmental factors. Quantile regression forest was used to estimate the uncertainty of the predictions. Results showed that the predicted maps were much more accurate and detailed than the conventional linkage maps and the SoilGrids250m product, and could well represent spatial variation of soil texture across China. The relative accuracy improvement was around 245\u2013370% relative to the linkage maps and 83\u2013112% relative to the SoilGrids250m product with regard to the R2, and it was around 24\u201326% and 14\u201319% respectively with regard to the RMSE. The wide range between 5% lower and 95% upper prediction limits may suggest that there was a substantial room to improve current predictions. Besides, we found that climate and terrain factors are major controllers for spatial patterns of soil texture in China. The heat and water-driven physical and chemical weathering and wind-driven erosion processes primarily shape the pattern of clay content. The terrain, wind and water-driven deposition, erosion and transportation sorting processes of soil particles primarily shape the pattern of silt. The findings provide clues for modeling future soil evolution and for national soil security management under the background of global and regional environmental changes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Digital soil mapping", "13. Climate action", "Large extent", "Machine learning", "Environmental factors", "Uncertainty", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114061"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-02-27", "title": "One-time freeze-thawing or carbon input events have long-term legacies in soil microbial communities", "description": "Soil microbial communities are regularly exposed to sudden changes in environmental conditions, such as root exudation pulses or freeze-thaw events. As microbial communities have a high potential to adapt to changing conditions, they are expected to be resilient towards this kind of short-term perturbations and return to their pre-perturbed state quickly. Here, we conducted a lab incubation experiment to evaluate the resilience of soil microbial communities to single-pulse perturbations.

We incubated temperate forest soil at constant temperature (20 \u00b0C) and water content, and exposed it to strong single-pulse perturbations, which nonetheless mimic common pulse-events in temperate soils (glucose addition at 4 mg g\u22121 soil, or freeze-thawing overnight at \u221220 \u00b0C). We subsequently measured microbial community composition and microbial storage compounds via phospho- and neutral lipid fatty acid (PLFA and NLFA) profiling, as well as C/N stoichiometry of microbial biomass and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in the soil solution shortly after (0.4, 1, 4, and 6 days) and after longer time periods (84 and 160 days) following the perturbations.

Transferring the soils from their natural environment to the laboratory and incubating them under controlled conditions led to a continuous change of microbial community structure over time, along with an increase in microbial biomass and dissolved N in both perturbed and control soils over the time of the experiment. Against the background of this \u2018press-disturbance\u2019, caused by the permanently changed conditions, we see immediate and long-lasting effects of the single pulse events on microbial community composition, C storage and C/N stoichiometry. Both perturbations significantly influenced the microbial community structure (based on PLFA profiles), microbial biomass N and dissolved N up to 160 days, as well as fungal and bacterial biomass and storage (based on absolute PLFA and NLFA concentrations) up to 84 days. Both perturbations increased microbial N (+59.6 \u00b5g g\u22121 dw) and decreased dissolved N (\u221240.3 \u00b5g g\u22121 dw) after 160 days, and significantly altered C/N ratios in microbial and dissolved pools (particularly in the first 6 days of the experiment).

Our results demonstrate that single-pulse perturbations can have long-term legacies in soil microbial ecosystems. In our experiment they led to alternative system states which differed from the unperturbed control in multiple parameters even after 160 days. This indicates that soil microbial communities exhibit a low resistance and resilience towards single-pulse perturbations, and may easily be pushed on alternative trajectories by short but strong environmental pulses.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "0303 health sciences", "Resilience", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Perturbations", "6. Clean water", "Transient state", "Pulse event", "03 medical and health sciences", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "Soil microbial community", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "106026 Ecosystem research"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-27", "title": "Past, present and future trends in the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil - Remediation techniques applied in real soil-contamination events", "description": "Most worldwide policy frameworks, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, highlight soil as a key non-renewable natural resource which should be rigorously preserved to achieve long-term global sustainability. Although some soil is naturally enriched with heavy metals (HMs), a series of anthropogenic activities are known to contribute to their redistribution, which may entail potentially harmful environmental and/or human health effects if certain concentrations are exceeded. If this occurs, the implementation of rehabilitation strategies is highly recommended. Although there are many publications dealing with the elimination of HMs using different methodologies, most of those works have been done in laboratories and there are not many comprehensive reviews about the results obtained under field conditions. Throughout this review, we examine the different methodologies that have been used in real scenarios and, based on representative case studies, we present the evolution and outcomes of the remediation strategies applied in real soil-contamination events where legacies of past metal mining activities or mine spills have posed a serious threat for soil conservation. So far, the best efficiencies at field-scale have been reported when using combined strategies such as physical containment and assisted-phytoremediation. We have also introduced the emerging problem of the heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils and the different strategies implemented to tackle this problem. Although remediation techniques used in real scenarios have not changed much in the last decades, there are also encouraging facts for the advances in this field. Thus, a growing number of mining companies publicise in their webpages their soil remediation strategies and efforts; moreover, the number of scientific publications about innovative highly-efficient and environmental-friendly methods is also increasing. In any case, better cooperation between scientists and other soil-related stakeholders is still required to improve remediation performance.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "H1-99", "(Bio)mining", "Science (General)", "Spills", "Remediation", "Review Article", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "(bio)mining", "12. Responsible consumption", "3. Good health", "Social sciences (General)", "Q1-390", "Soil", "Sustainability", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "Heavy-metal"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Heliyon", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:19:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-11-12", "title": "Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest", "description": "Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and / or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to the soil. Soil water content (SWC) below the roofs decreased rapidly and stayed at continuously low values until roof removal, which as a consequence roughly doubled the duration of the dry season. After roof removal, SWC slowly increased but remained lower than in the control soils even after 2.5 months of wet-season precipitation. We showed that drought-imposed reduction in SWC decreased the CO2 emissions (i.e CO2 efflux), but strongly increased the CH4 emissions. N, P and N \u00d7 P (i.e. NP) additions all significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effect on CH4 fluxes. In treatments where both fertilization and drought were applied, the positive effect of N, P and NP fertilization on CO2 efflux was reduced. After roof removal, soil CO2 efflux was more resilient in the control plots than in the fertilized plots while there was only a modest effect of roof removal on soil CH4 fluxes. Our results suggest that a combined increase in drought and nutrient availability in soil can locally increase the emissions of both CO2 and CH4 from tropical soils, for a long term.", "keywords": ["tropical forest", "[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "550", "Nitrogen", "soil GHG fluxes", "drought", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "Tropical forest", "GE1-350", "phosphorus", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Drought", "methane", "carbon dioxide", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "Chemistry", "Carbon dioxide", "fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "[SDE]Environmental Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Soil GHG fluxes", "Methane"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00180"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-11-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture11080700", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:19:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-27", "title": "Organic Amendment vs. Mineral Fertilization under Minimum Tillage: Changes in Soil Nutrients, Soil Organic Matter, Biological Properties and Yield after 10 Years", "description": "

Conservation tillage is recognized as a sustainable management practice, however its combination with organic residues application still constitutes a challenge in some areas. A field trial was established in a semiarid agro-ecosystem to study the effects of different crop nutrient sources under minimum tillage (MT). Application of organic amendments at the beginning of a five-year crop rotation (ORG treatment) was evaluated and compared to the control plot where wheat was continuously grown with traditional mineral fertilization (MIN treatment). In addition to wheat yield and biomass, several soil properties were measured (pH, soil nutrients (i.e., Olsen P, exchangeable K, and mineral N), soil organic matter (i.e., C, N, C/N ratio), potentially mineralizable nitrogen, total microbial activity and heavy metals) throughout the 10-year study. The wheat yield was significantly higher under the ORG treatment than under the MIN, although climatic conditions (e.g., rainfall) exerted a great influence too. The organic amendments increased soil nutrients content mainly right after their application but the levels were adequate for the whole crop rotation. Plots under organic amendment application did not accumulate significantly more soil organic matter than those mineral-fertilized, probably due to the low protective capacity of coarse-textured soils. The application of organic amendments under MT resulted in a promising management agro-ecosystem compared to the mineral fertilized because crop nutrients came from organic wastes, no herbicides were applied while the yields were higher.

", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "2. Zero hunger", "Semiarid conditions", "sustainable agro-ecosystems", "soil fertility", "Agriculture (General)", "soil conservation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil fertility", "carbon sequestration", "6. Clean water", "S1-972", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil conservation", "semiarid conditions", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil conservation; soil fertility; carbon sequestration; sustainable agro-ecosystems; semiarid conditions", "Sustainable agro-ecosystems"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/8/700/pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/8/700/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080700"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture11080700", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture11080700", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture11080700"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-07-26T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-20", "title": "Impacts Of Lucc On Soil Properties In The Riparian Zones Of Desert Oasis With Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study Of The Middle Heihe River Basin, China", "description": "Large-scale changes in land use and land cover over long timescales can induce significant variations in soil physicochemical properties, particularly in the riparian zones of arid regions. Frequent reclamation of wetlands and grasslands and intensive agricultural activity have induced significant changes in both land use/cover and soil physicochemical properties in the riparian zones of the middle Heihe River basin of China. The present study aims to explore whether land use/land cover change (LUCC) can well explain the variations in soil properties in the riparian zones of the middle Heihe River basin. To achieve this, we mapped LUCC and quantified the type of land use change using remote sensing images, topographic maps, and GIS analysis techniques. Forty-two sites were selected for soil and vegetation sampling. Then, physical and chemical experiments were employed to determine soil moisture, soil bulk density, soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorous, available nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorous. The Independent-Samples Kruskal-Wallis Test, principal component analysis, and a scatter matrix were used to analyze the effects of LUCC on soil properties. The results indicate that the majority of the parameters investigated were affected significantly by LUCC. In particular, soil moisture and soil organic carbon can be explained well by land cover change and land use change, respectively. Furthermore, changes in soil moisture could be attributed primarily to land cover changes. Changes in soil organic carbon were correlated closely with the following land use change types: wetlands-arable, forest-grasslands, and grasslands-desert. Other parameters, including pH and total K, were also found to exhibit significant correlations with LUCC. However, changes in soil nutrients were shown to be induced most probably by human agricultural activity (i.e. fertilize, irrigation, tillage, etc.), rather than by simple conversions from one land use/cover types to the others.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "China", "Conservation of Natural Resources", "Nitrogen", "Urbanization", "Agriculture", "Phosphorus", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Environment", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "Soil", "Rivers", "13. Climate action", "Remote Sensing Technology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Desert Climate", "Ecosystem", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.226", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-04-22", "title": "Biosolids Applied To Agricultural Land: Influence On Structural And Functional Endpoints Of Soil Fauna On A Short- And Long-Term Scale", "description": "Biosolids have well-documented crop and soil benefits similar to other sources of organic amendment, but there is environmental concern due to biosolids-associated pollutants. The present study investigated two field sites that had received biosolids at commercial-scale rates in parallel to associated field sections which were managed similarly but without receiving biosolids (controls). The investigated endpoints were abundance and diversity of soil organisms (nematodes, enchytraeids and earthworms) and soil fauna feeding activity as measured by the bait lamina assay. Repeated sampling of one of the field sites following the only biosolids application demonstrated an enrichment effect typical for organic amendments, which was mostly exhausted after 44months. After an initial suppression, the proportion of free-living plant-parasitic nematodes tended to increase in the biosolids-amended soil over time. Yet, none of the endpoints at this site indicated significant negative effects resulting from the biosolids until 44months post application. In contrast to the repeatedly tilled first field site, the second one was left fallow after three biosolids applications, and was sampled 96months post last application. It was only at this field site that potential evidence for a long-term impact of biosolids was detected with regard to two endpoints: earthworm abundance and structure of the nematode assemblage. Agricultural management and correlation with abiotic soil parameters explained the observed difference in earthworm abundance. Yet, the development of a highly structured and mature nematode assemblage at the control but not at the biosolids-amended section of this fallow field could not be explained by such correlations nor by soil metal concentrations. Overall, the present study found only weak evidence for negative long-term impacts of biosolids applied at commercial rates on soil fauna. High-level community parameters such as the nematode structure index (SI) appeared more suitable to detect deleterious effects on soil fauna than simple abundance measurements.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Waste Disposal", " Fluid", "01 natural sciences", "13. Climate action", "Animals", "Soil Pollutants", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Oligochaeta", "Fertilizers", "Environmental Monitoring", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.226"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.226", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.226", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.226"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-01", "title": "Low density-microplastics detected in sheep faeces and soil: A case study from the intensive vegetable farming in Southeast Spain", "description": "

&lt;p&gt;One of the main sources of plastic pollution in agricultural fields is the plastic mulch used by farmers to improve crop production. The plastic mulch is often not removed completely from the fields after harvest. Over time, the plastic mulch that is left of the fields is broken down into smaller particles which are dispersed by the wind or runoff. In the Region of Murcia in Spain, plastic mulch is heavily used for intensive vegetable farming. After harvest, sheep are released into the fields to graze on the vegetable residues. The objective of the study was to assess the plastic contamination in agricultural soil in Spain and the ingestion of plastic by sheep. Therefore, three research questions were established: i) What is the plastic content in agricultural soils where plastic mulch is commonly used? ii) Do livestock ingest the microplastics found in the soil? iii) How much plastic could be transported by the livestock? To answer these questions, we sampled top soils (0&amp;#8211;10&amp;#160;cm) from 6 vegetable fields and collected sheep faeces from 5 different herds. The microplastic content was measured using density separation and visual identification. We found ~2&amp;#160;&amp;#215;&amp;#160;10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; particles&amp;#8729;kg&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt; in the soil and ~10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; particles&amp;#8729;kg&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt; in the faeces. The data show that plastic particles were present in the soil and that livestock ingested them. After ingesting plastic from one field, the sheep can become a source of microplastic contamination as they graze on other farms or grasslands. The potential transport of microplastics due to a herd of 1000 sheep was estimated to be ~10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; particles&amp;#8729;ha&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;#8729;y&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#8722;1&lt;/sup&gt;. Further studies should focus on: assessing how much of the plastic found in faeces comes directly from plastic mulching, estimating the plastic degradation in the guts of sheep and understanding the potential effects of these plastic residues on the health of livestock.&lt;/p&gt;

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Livestock", "Farms", "Sheep", "Plastic residues", "Microplastics", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Agriculture", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Terrestrial food chain transfer", "01 natural sciences", "Feces", "Soil", "Spain", "Vegetables", "Animals", "Plastics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2134/jeq2006.0501", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:18:38Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-10-17", "title": "Methane Oxidation In An Intensively Cropped Tropical Rice Field Soil Under Long-Term Application Of Organic And Mineral Fertilizers", "description": "Abstract

Methane (CH4) oxidation is the only known biological sink process for mitigating atmospheric and terrestrial emissions of CH4, a major greenhouse gas. Methane oxidation in an alluvial soil planted to rice (Oryza sativaL.) under long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term application of organic (compost with a C/N ratio of 21.71), and mineral fertilizers was measured in a field\uffe2\uff80\uff90cum\uffe2\uff80\uff90laboratory incubation study. Oxidation rates were quantified in terms of decrease in the concentration of CH4in the headspace of incubation vessels and expressed as half\uffe2\uff80\uff90life (t\uffc2\uffbd) values. Methane oxidation rates significantly differed among the treatments and growth stages of the rice crop. Methane oxidation rates were high at the maximum tillering and maturity stages, whereas they were low at grain\uffe2\uff80\uff90filling stage. Methane oxidation was low (t\uffc2\uffbd= 15.76 d) when provided with low concentration of CH4On the contrary, high concentration of CH4resulted in faster oxidation (t\uffc2\uffbd= 6.67 d), suggesting the predominance of \uffe2\uff80\uff9clow affinity oxidation\uffe2\uff80\uff9d in rice fields. Methane oxidation was stimulated following the application of mineral fertilizers or compost implicating nutrient limitation as one of the factors affecting the process. Combined application of compost and mineral fertilizer, however, inhibited CH4oxidation probably due to N immobilization by the added compost. The positive effect of mineral fertilizer on CH4oxidation rate was evident only at high CH4concentration (t\uffc2\uffbd= 4.80 d), while at low CH4concentration their was considerable suppression (t\uffc2\uffbd= 17.60 d). Further research may reveal that long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term application of fertilizers, organic or inorganic, may not inhibit CH4oxidation.

", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "Minerals", "Tropical Climate", "Time Factors", "Chemical Phenomena", "Chemistry", " Physical", "Oryza", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Soil", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Food", " Organic", "Fertilizers", "Oxidoreductases", "Methane", "Oxidation-Reduction", "Soil Microbiology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0501"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Environmental%20Quality", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2134/jeq2006.0501", "name": "item", "description": "10.2134/jeq2006.0501", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2134/jeq2006.0501"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-11-24", "title": "A systematic comparison of commercially produced struvite: Quantities, qualities and soil-maize phosphorus availability", "description": "Production of struvite (MgNH4PO4\u00b76H2O) from waste streams is increasingly implemented to recover phosphorus (P), which is listed as a critical raw material in the European Union (EU). To facilitate EU-wide trade of P-containing secondary raw materials such as struvite, the EU issued a revised fertilizer regulation in 2019. A comprehensive overview of the supply of struvite and its quality is presently missing. This study aimed: i) to determine the current EU struvite production volumes, ii) to evaluate all legislated physicochemical characteristics and pathogen content of European struvite against newly set regulatory limits, and iii) to compare not-regulated struvite characteristics. It is estimated that in 2020, between 990 and 1250 ton P are recovered as struvite in the EU. Struvite from 24 European production plants, accounting for 30% of the 80 struvite installations worldwide was sampled. Three samples failed the physicochemical legal limits; one had a P content of <7% and three exceeded the organic carbon content of 3% dry weight (DW). Mineralogical analysis revealed that six samples had a struvite content of 80-90% DW, and 13 samples a content of >90% DW. All samples showed a heavy metal content below the legal limits. Microbiological analyses indicated that struvite may exceed certain legal limits. Differences in morphology and particle size distribution were observed for struvite sourced from digestate (rod shaped; transparent; 82 mass%\u202f<\u202f1\u202fmm), dewatering liquor (spherical; opaque; 65 mass% 1-2\u202fmm) and effluent from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor processing potato wastewater (spherical; opaque; 51 mass%\u202f<\u202f1\u202fmm and 34 mass%\u202f>\u202f2\u202fmm). A uniform soil-plant P-availability pattern of 3.5-6.5\u202fmg P/L soil/d over a 28\u202fdays sampling period was observed. No differences for plant biomass yield were observed. In conclusion, the results highlight the suitability of most struvite to enter the EU fertilizer market.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Struvite", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Magnesium Compounds", "Phosphorus", "02 engineering and technology", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Phosphates", "12. Responsible consumption", "Chemistry", "Soil", "Bio-based fertilizers; Circular economy; Magnesium ammonium phosphate; Nutrient recovery; Phosphorus recovery; Struvite characterization; Magnesium Compounds; Phosphates; Soil; Struvite; Phosphorus; Zea mays", "Biology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://arpi.unipi.it/bitstream/11568/1138036/1/STOTEN_struvite.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-05-03", "title": "Ammonia Volatilization Losses From Surface-Applied Urea With Urease And Nitrification Inhibitors", "description": "Abstract Urease inhibitor (UI) and nitrification inhibitor (NI) have the potential to improve N-use efficiency of applied urea and minimize N losses via gaseous emissions of ammonia (NH3) to the atmosphere and nitrate ( NO 3 \u2212 ) leaching into surface and ground water bodies. There is a growing interest in the formulations of coating chemical fertilizers with both UI and NI. However, limited information is available on the combined use of UI and NI applied with urea fertilizer. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of treating urea with both UI and NI to minimize NH3 volatilization. Two experiments were set up in volatilization chambers under controlled conditions to examine this process. In the first experiment, UR was treated with the urease inhibitor NBPT [N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric acid triamide] at a rate of 1060\u00a0mg\u00a0kg\u22121 urea and/or with the nitrification inhibitor DCD (dicyandiamide) at rates equivalent to 5 or 10% of the urea N. A randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replicates was used: 1) UR, 2) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT, 3) UR\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%, 4) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 5%, and 5) UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT\u00a0+\u00a0DCD 10%. The fertilizer treatments were applied to the surface of an acidic Red Latosol soil moistened to 60% of the maximum water retention and placed inside volatilization chambers. Controls chambers were added to allow for NH3 volatilized from unfertilized soil or contained in the air that swept over the soil surface. The second experiment had an additional treatment with surface-applied DCD. The chambers were glass vessels (1.5\u00a0L) fit with air inlet and outlet tubings to allow air to pass over the soil. Ammonia volatilized was swept and carried to a flask containing a boric acid solution to trap the gas and then measured daily by titration with a standardized H2SO4 solution. Continuous measurements were recorded for 19 and 23 days for the first and second experiment, respectively. The soil samples were then analyzed for UR\u2013, NH 4 + \u2013 , and NO 3 \u2212 \u2013 N . Losses of NH3 by volatilization with unamended UR ranged from 28 to 37% of the applied N, with peak of losses observed the third day after fertilization. NBPT delayed the peak of NH3 losses due to urease inhibition and reduced NH3 volatilization between 54 and 78% when compared with untreated UR. Up to 10 days after the fertilizer application, NH3 losses had not been affected by DCD in the UR or the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments; thereafter, NH3 volatilization tended to decrease, but not when DCD was present. As a consequence, the addition of DCD caused a 5\u201316% increase in NH3 volatilization losses of the fertilizer N applied as UR from both the UR and the UR\u00a0+\u00a0NBPT treatments. Because the effectiveness of NBPT to inhibit soil urease activity was strong only in the first week, it could be concluded that DCD did not affect the action of NBPT but rather, enhanced volatilization losses by maintaining higher soil NH 4 + concentration and pH for a longer time. Depending on the combination of factors influencing NH3 volatilization, DCD could even offset the beneficial effect of NBPT in reducing NH3 volatilization losses.", "keywords": ["soil chemistry", "Urease inhibitors", "Surface treatment", "nutrient use efficiency", "Ammonia volatilization", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Ammonia", "Oxidation", "DCD", "Urea", "Urea fertilizers", "Fertilizers", "volatilization", "Groundwater", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "soil surface", "coating", "fertilizer application", "Urease inhibitor", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrification inhibitor", "Nitrification", "Inorganic acids", "6. Clean water", "enzyme activity", "inhibitor", "pH effects", "Metabolism", "NBPT", "Denitrification", "Leaching", "Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Experiments", "Stabilized fertilizer"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.018", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-12-08", "title": "Cattle Grazing Drives Nitrogen And Carbon Cycling In A Temperate Salt Marsh", "description": "Abstract We examined the impact of long-term cattle grazing on soil processes and microbial activity in a temperate salt marsh. Soil conditions, microbial biomass and respiration, mineralization and denitrification rates were measured in upper salt marsh that had been ungrazed or cattle grazed for several decades. Increased microbial biomass and soil respiration were observed in grazed marsh, most likely stimulated by enhanced rates of root turnover and root exudation. We found a significant positive effect of grazing on potential N mineralization rates measured in the laboratory, but this difference did not translate to in situ net mineralization measured monthly from May to September. Rates of denitrification were lowest in the grazed marsh and appeared to be limited by nitrate availability, possibly due to more anoxic conditions and lower rates of nitrification. The major effect of grazing on N cycling therefore appeared to be in limiting losses of N through denitrification, which may lead to enhanced nutrient availability to saltmarsh plants, but a reduced ability of the marsh to act as a buffer for land-derived nutrients to adjacent coastal areas. Additionally, we investigated if grazing influences the rates of turnover of labile and refractory C in saltmarsh soils by adding 14 C-labelled leaf litter or root exudates to soil samples and monitoring the evolution of 14 CO 2 . Grazing had little effect on the rates of mineralization of 14 C used as a respiratory substrate, but a larger proportion of 14 C was partitioned into microbial biomass and immobilized in long- and medium-term storage pools in the grazed treatment. Grazing slowed down the turnover of the microbial biomass, which resulted in longer turnover times for both leaf litter and root exudates. Grazing may therefore affect the longevity of C in the soil and alter C storage and utilization pathways in the microbial community.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "herbivory", "carbon cycling", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "salinity", "saltmarsh vegetation", "soil compaction", "13. Climate action", "nitrogen cycle", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nitrogen mineralization"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.018"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.018", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.018", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.018"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "a0b4c95f-9a55-4362-bd73-1c3ab2a5f32e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2025-09-02T09:56:51", "type": "Dataset", "language": "de", "title": "INSPIRE Soil / Hazard Levels Water Erosion (RxKxS) BB", "description": "Der interoperable INSPIRE-Datensatz beinhaltet Daten vom LBGR \u00fcber die Gef\u00e4hrdungsstufen Wassererosion (RxKxS) Brandenburg, transformiert in das INSPIRE-Zielschema Boden. Der Datensatz wird \u00fcber je einen interoperablen Darstellungs- und Downloaddienst bereitgestellt. Im Datensatz Gef\u00e4hrdungsstufen wird die r\u00e4umliche Verteilung der potenziellen Bodenerosionsgef\u00e4hrdung durch Wasser auf den landwirtschaftlichen Fl\u00e4chen Brandenburgs dargestellt. Die Bestimmung erfolgte in Anlehnung an DIN19708 (https://dx.doi.org/10.31030/2676773), deren zu Grunde liegende Methode als Allgemeine Bodenabtragsgleichung (ABAG) bezeichnet wird. Die Erosionsgef\u00e4hrdung wird in einer r\u00e4umlichen Aufl\u00f6sung von 5x5 Meter dargestellt. Die potenzielle Erosionsgef\u00e4hrdung durch Wasser, die auch als nat\u00fcrlicher Erosionsgef\u00e4hrdung bezeichnet wird, ergibt sich aus der Klassifizierung des potenziellen Bodenabtrags nach DIN19708 in Gef\u00e4hrdungsstufen. Der potenzielle Bodenabtrag durch Wasser ergibt sich aus der Kombination des Regenerosivit\u00e4tsfaktors R, des Bodenerodierbarkeitsfaktors K und des Hangneigungsfaktors S. Die Gef\u00e4hrdung wird in sieben Stufen von 0 (keine Gef\u00e4hrdung) bis 6 (extrem hohe Gef\u00e4hrdung) angegeben. --- The compliant INSPIRE data set contains data about the risk levels for water erosion (RxKxS) Brandenburg from the LBGR, transformed into the INSPIRE annex schema Soil. The data set is provided via compliant view and download services. It shows the spatial distribution of the potential soil erosion risk caused by water on agricultural land in Brandenburg. The determination was based on DIN19708 (https://dx.doi.org/10.31030/2676773), for which the underlying method is referred to as the Allgemeine Bodenabtragsgleichung (ABAG). The soil erosion risk is presented in a spatial resolution of 5x5 meters. The potential soil erosion risk caused by water, which is also known as natural soil erosion risk, results from the classification of the potential soil loss according to DIN19708 into risk levels. The potential soil loss caused by water results from the combination of the rainfall-runoff erosivity factor R, the soil erodibility factor K and the slope steepness factor S. The erosion risk is indicated in seven levels from 0 (no risk) to 6 (extremely high risk).", "formats": [{"name": "WCS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["High value dataset", "boden", "bodenerosion", "bodenerosionsgefa\u0308hrdung", "bodenerosionsgefa\u0308hrdung-durch-wasser-in-brandenburg", "bodenkunde", "brandenburg", "de", "erdbeobachtung-und-umwelt", "erosion", "erosionsgefa\u0308hrdung", "gefa\u0308hrdungsstufen", "geologie", "inspireidentifiziert", "interoperabel", "interoperability", "interoperable-daten", "opendata", "process", "regional", "soil", "soillayer", "wassererosion", "water-erosion", "watererosionrisktopsoil"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Landesamt f\u00fcr Bergbau, Geologie und Rohstoffe Brandenburg (LBGR)", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/boerosion_wms?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WMS"}, {"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/so_boerosion_wcs?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WCS"}, {"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/so_boerosion_wms?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WMS"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/a0b4c95f-9a55-4362-bd73-1c3ab2a5f32e~~2"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "a0b4c95f-9a55-4362-bd73-1c3ab2a5f32e", "name": "item", "description": "a0b4c95f-9a55-4362-bd73-1c3ab2a5f32e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/a0b4c95f-9a55-4362-bd73-1c3ab2a5f32e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:24:40Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (WMS)", "description": "The map of the \"Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (Version 2.0)\" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250,000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon. It is highly recommended to apply and interpret the map using the map comments and descriptions as provided in the explanatory notes (German: Hartwich et al. 2005; English: revision of the Manual of Procedures, initial version: Finke et al. 2001).", "formats": [{"name": "WMS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["bodeneigenschaften", "bodenlandschaften", "bodenregionen", "bodenverbreitung", "climate-areas", "egdi", "entstehungsart", "europa", "europe", "infomapaccessservice", "io", "landscape-stratification", "soil", "soil-landscapes", "soil-parent-material-associations", "soil-regions", "soil-scapes"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Eberhardt, Einar, Dr.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://services.bgr.de/wms/boden/eusr5000/?"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/f5624c2a-d5be-4810-8d66-c0139d471118~~1"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "name": "item", "description": "AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/AFC47F2E-43ED-42AA-8EBB-85FCD47FA1D7"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "c4a3ee01-8ab6-490b-8d8e-71dcb16571fd", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2025-09-03T08:42:08", "type": "Dataset", "language": "de", "title": "INSPIRE Soil / Fl\u00e4chentyp Pedogenese", "description": "Der interoperable INSPIRE-Datensatz beinhaltet Daten vom LBGR zum Fl\u00e4chentyp Pedogenese der Konzeptbodenkarten (KBK) Brandenburgs, zugeordnet in das INSPIRE-Zielschema Boden. Der Datensatz beinhaltet Angaben zur bodensystematischen Einheit auf Typenebene (Bodentyp) nach Bodenkundlicher Kartieranleitung. Der Bodensystematik liegt ein morphogenetisches Prinzip zugrunde, wobei der Profilaufbau eines Bodens und seine von der Bodenentwicklung bestimmte Horizontausbildung und Horizontabfolge im Mittelpunkt stehen. Der Datensatz wird \u00fcber je einen interoperablen Darstellungs- und Downloaddienst bereitgestellt. --- The compliant INSPIRE data set contains data about the type of pedogenesis of the concept pedological map (KBK) in the State of Brandenburg from the LBGR, assigned to the INSPIRE target schema Soil. The data set contains information on the soil systematic unit at type level (soil type) in accordance with the Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung. The soil classification is based on a morphogenetic principle, focusing on the profile structure of a soil and its horizon formation and horizon sequence determined by soil development. The data set is provided via compliant view and download services.", "formats": [{"name": "WCS_SRVC"}], "keywords": ["boden", "bodenart", "bodendaten", "bodenform", "bodengeologie", "bodengesellschaft", "bodenkarte", "bodenkunde", "bodenscha\u0308tzung", "bodensystematische-einheit", "bodentyp", "brandenburg", "de", "geologie", "inspireidentifiziert", "interoperabel", "interoperability", "interoperable-daten", "konzeptbodenkarte", "konzeptkarte", "opendata", "organisch", "process", "regional", "soil", "soillayer", "soiltexturegroup", "substratsystematische-einheit", "terrestrisch"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Landesamt f\u00fcr Bergbau, Geologie und Rohstoffe Brandenburg (LBGR)", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/so_kbk_wcs?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WCS"}, {"href": "https://inspire.brandenburg.de/services/so_kbk_wms?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WMS"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/c4a3ee01-8ab6-490b-8d8e-71dcb16571fd"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "c4a3ee01-8ab6-490b-8d8e-71dcb16571fd", "name": "item", "description": "c4a3ee01-8ab6-490b-8d8e-71dcb16571fd", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/c4a3ee01-8ab6-490b-8d8e-71dcb16571fd"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-0998-0998ecf8427e", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "1970-01-01", "type": "Dataset", "title": "INSPIRE Download Service (predefined ATOM) f\u00fcr Datensatz INSPIRE - BFD50: Ertragspotential", "description": "Beschreibung des INSPIRE Download Service (predefined Atom): Die Eignung eines Standortes f\u00fcr die Produktion von pflanzlicher Biomasse wird durch die Faktoren Boden, Klima und Relief bestimmt. Das standortspezifische Ertragspotenzial beschreibt die Eigenschaft des Bodens, welche - bei vertretbarem Aufwand in Hinblick auf Technik, \u00d6konomie und \u00d6kologie - die Produktivit\u00e4t nachhaltig gew\u00e4hrleistet. Eine Kenngr\u00f6\u00dfe, welche geeignet ist, die edaphischen Eigenschaften eines Standortes im Hinblick auf das Ertragspotenzial zu beschreiben und zu klassifizieren, unabh\u00e4ngig von der Form und Intensit\u00e4t der Bewirtschaftung, ist die 'nutzbare Feldkapazit\u00e4t im durchwurzelbaren Bodenraum (NFKDB)'. Der potenzielle Grundwassereinfluss eines Standortes, der die Produktivit\u00e4t beeinflussen kann, wird aus den digitalen Bodenfl\u00e4chendaten abgeleitet. Dabei werden grundnasse bis stark grundnasse sowie sehr stark bis \u00e4u\u00dferst grundnasse Standorte zu je einer Klasse zusammengefasst. Der Basenhaushalt hat f\u00fcr forstwirtschaftlich genutzte Kulturen eine besondere Bedeutung. Die Einstufung des Ertragspotenzials erfolgt nutzungsdifferenziert auf Basis der NFKDB sowie des potenziellen Grundwassereinflusses. - Der/die Link(s) f\u00fcr das Herunterladen der Datens\u00e4tze wird/werden dynamisch aus Download Link aus einem Metadatensatz generiert", "formats": [{"name": "ATOM"}], "keywords": ["1", "bk50", "bodenbewertungen", "bodenfla\u0308chendaten-1:50.000", "bodenfunktionen", "de", "geodaten", "infofeatureaccessservice", "inspireidentifiziert", "lgb", "mittelma\u00dfsta\u0308bige-bodenkarte-1:50.000", "rheinland-pfalz", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.geoportal.rlp.de/mapbender//php/mod_inspireDownloadFeed.php?id=eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-895e-a685e6aedf51&type=SERVICE&generateFrom=metadata"}, {"href": "http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-0998-0998ecf8427e"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-0998-0998ecf8427e", "name": "item", "description": "eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-0998-0998ecf8427e", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/eb329ce8-2fc9-41ab-0998-0998ecf8427e"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"null": "date"}}, {"id": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:27614", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:26:44Z", "type": "Report", "title": "Global maps of soil temperature", "description": "Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0\u20135 and 5\u201315 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10\u00b0C (mean = 3.0 \u00b1 2.1\u00b0C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 \u00b1 2.3\u00b0C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (\u22120.7 \u00b1 2.3\u00b0C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "Soil Science", "15. Life on land", "333"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Lembrechts, Jonas J., van den Hoogen, Johan, Grelle, Achim, J\u00e4rveoja, J\u00e4rvi, Nilsson, Mats, Peichl, Matthias, Stephan, J\u00f6rg, Nijs, Ivan, Lenoir, Jonathan,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/27614/1/lembrechts-jj-et-al-220426.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:27614"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:27614", "name": "item", "description": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:27614", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:27614"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:34892", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:26:44Z", "type": "Report", "title": "When and why microbial-explicit soil organic carbon models can be unstable", "description": "Microbial-explicit soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling models are increasingly being recognized for their advantages over linear models in describing SOC dynamics. These models are known to exhibit oscillations, but it is not clear when they yield stable vs. unstable equilibrium points (EPs) - i.e., EPs that exist analytically but are not stable in relation to small perturbations and cannot be reached by transient simulations. The occurrence of such unstable EPs can lead to unexpected model behavior in transient simulations or unrealistic predictions of steady-state soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Here, we ask when and why unstable EPs can occur in an archetypal microbial-explicit model (representing SOC, dissolved OC (DOC), microbial biomass, and extracellular enzymes) and some simplified versions of it. Further, if a model formulation allows for physically meaningful but unstable EPs, can we find constraints in the model parameters (i.e., environmental conditions and microbial traits) that ensure stability of the EPs? We use analytical, numerical, and descriptive tools to answer these questions. We found that instability can occur when the resupply of a growth substrate (DOC) is (via a positive feedback loop) dependent on its abundance. We identified a conservative, sufficient condition in terms of model parameters to ensure the stability of EPs. Principally, three distinct strategies can avoid instability: (1) neglecting explicit DOC dynamics, (2) biomass-independent uptake rate, or (3) correlation between parameter values to obey the stability criterion. While the first two approaches simplify some mechanistic processes, the third approach points to the interactive effects of environmental conditions and parameters describing microbial physiology, highlighting the relevance of basic ecological principles for the avoidance of unrealistic (i.e., unstable) simulation outcomes. These insights can help to improve the applicability of microbial-explicit models, aid our understanding of the dynamics of these models, and highlight the relation between mathematical requirements and (in silico) microbial ecology.", "keywords": ["550", "Soil Science"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ghersheen, Samia", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/34892/1/schwarz-e-et-al-20240828.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:34892"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:34892", "name": "item", "description": "ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:34892", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:34892"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2010.12.006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:13Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-18", "title": "Organic Carbon And Total Nitrogen Stocks In A Vertisol Following 40 Years Of No-Tillage, Crop Residue Retention And Nitrogen Fertilisation", "description": "Abstract Conservation agricultural practices such as no-till (NT) and crop residue retention (CRR), and nutrient application, increases soil organic C (SOC) and are considered effective measures of C sequestration in soil. However, long-term effects of individual components of conservation agriculture and their interactions on SOC are rarely evaluated; as a result, conflicting findings of these practices on SOC are reported in the literature. We measured SOC and soil total N in a balanced factorial experiment, conducted on a Vertisol, consisting of tillage practices (conventional mechanical tillage, CT; and no-tillage, NT), crop residue management (crop residue burned, CRB; and crop residue retained, CRR) and N fertiliser application (no N, 30\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ; and 90\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121 ). The site, in a semiarid subtropical region, was cropped with wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) except for 3 years of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), for 40 years using conservation practices. In general, tillage effects on SOC and soil total N were small. Crop residue and N fertiliser interactively increased SOC and total N stocks at 0\u20130.1\u00a0m depth and cumulative stocks at 0\u20130.2\u00a0m and 0\u20130.3\u00a0m depths; that is, CRR increased SOC and soil total N only when N fertiliser was applied, and fertilisation increased SOC and soil total N only under CRR treatment. Depletion of \u03b4 13 C values in CRR treatments and \u03b4 15 N values in N treatments strongly indicated the contribution of crop residue (and root biomass) and N fertiliser to soil organic matter in this Vertisol. From this study and previous findings from this site, it appears, however, the effects of crop residue retention and N fertiliser occurred in early years, and did not continually increase SOC and total soil N with increasing period of conservation practices.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Agricultural", "Nitrogen", "1904 Earth-Surface Processes", "No-till", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Carbon", "630", "Land capability and soil productivity", "Environmental sciences", "Biological sciences", "veterinary and food sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.12.006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2010.12.006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2010.12.006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2010.12.006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:14:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-23", "title": "Effect Of Soil Warming And Rainfall Patterns On Soil N Cycling In Northern Europe", "description": "Abstract With climate change northern Europe is expected to experience extreme increase in air temperatures, particularly during the winter months, influencing soil temperatures in these regions. Climate change is also projected to influence the rainfall amount, and its inter- and intra-annual variability. These changes may affect soil moisture regimes, soil water drainage, soil nitrogen (N) availability and N leaching to aquatic environment and N2O emissions to atmosphere. Thus it is important to study the effects of increased soil temperature and varying rainfall patterns on soil N cycling in arable land from temperate climates, which is a major source of N pollution. An open-field lysimeter study was carried out during 2008\u20132009 in Denmark on loamy sand soil (Typic Hapludult) with three factors: number of rainy days, rainfall amount and soil warming. Number of rainy days included the mean monthly rainy days for 1961\u20131990 as \u2018normal\u2019 and half the number of rainy days of former as \u2018reduced\u2019 treatments. Rainfall amount included mean monthly rainfall for 1961\u20131990 as \u2018present\u2019 and the projected change in mean monthly rainfall for 2071\u20132100 as \u2018future\u2019 treatments. Soil warming included increase in soil temperature by 5\u00a0\u00b0C at 0.1\u00a0m depth as \u2018heated\u2019 and non-heated as \u2018control\u2019 treatments. Automated mobile rain-out shelter and irrigation system, and insulated buried heating cables were used to impose the treatments. Soil warming, compared with unheated control, advanced winter wheat crop development, and increased the above-ground biomass and N uptake only during vegetative stage, but shortened the total crop growing period by 12 days without reducing the total above-ground biomass. Rainfall amount and rainy days treatments increased the drainage, 46% and 10%, respectively, but did not have additive effect on the drainage. In contrast, soil warming increased crop evapotranspiration (18%) and reduced drainage (41%). The projected future rainfall amount increased NO3-N leaching (289%) compared with present rainfall amount. The study showed significant interaction between soil warming and rainfall amount (P", "keywords": ["Nitrate leaching", "Winter wheat", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil nitrogen", "BRIC", "13. Climate action", "Climate change", "Drainage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Bric", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2010.08.002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-10-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-05-31", "title": "Effects of agricultural management practices on soil quality: A review of long-term experiments for Europe and China", "description": "Open AccessIn this paper we present effects of four paired agricultural management practices (organic matter (OM) addition versus no organic matter input, no-tillage (NT) versus conventional tillage, crop rotation versus monoculture, and organic agriculture versus conventional agriculture) on five key soil quality indicators, i.e., soil organic matter (SOM) content, pH, aggregate stability, earthworms (numbers) and crop yield. We have considered organic matter addition, no-tillage, crop rotation and organic agriculture as 'promising practices'; no organic matter input, conventional tillage, monoculture and conventional farming were taken as the respective references or 'standard practice' (baseline). Relative effects were analysed through indicator response ratio (RR) under each paired practice. For this we considered data of 30 long-term experiments collected from 13 case study sites in Europe and China as collated in the framework of the EU-China funded iSQAPER project. These were complemented with data from 42 long-term experiments across China and 402 observations of long-term trials published in the literature. Out of these, we only considered experiments covering at least five years. The results show that OM addition favourably affected all the indicators under consideration. The most favourable effect was reported on earthworm numbers, followed by yield, SOM content and soil aggregate stability. For pH, effects depended on soil type; OM input favourably affected the pH of acidic soils, whereas no clear trend was observed under NT. NT generally led to increased aggregate stability and greater SOM content in upper soil horizons. However, the magnitude of the relative effects varied, e.g. with soil texture. No-tillage practices enhanced earthworm populations, but not where herbicides or pesticides were applied to combat weeds and pests. Overall, in this review, yield slightly decreased under NT. Crop rotation had a positive effect on SOM content and yield; rotation with ley very positively influenced earthworms' numbers. Overall, crop rotation had little impact on soil pH and aggregate stability \u2212 depending on the type of intercrop; alternatively, rotation of arable crops only resulted in adverse effects. A clear positive trend was observed for earthworm abundance under organic agriculture. Further, organic agriculture generally resulted in increased aggregate stability and greater SOM content. Overall, no clear trend was found for pH; a decrease in yield was observed under organic agriculture in this review.", "keywords": ["China", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Crop", "01 natural sciences", "Long-term field experiments", "Crop Productivity", "Soil quality", "Environmental science", "Organic Matter Dynamics", "Tillage", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil quality indicators", "Crop rotation", "Management of Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity", "Soil water", "FOS: Mathematics", "Agricultural management practices", "Monoculture", "Crop Yield Stability", "Biology", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "Literature review", "Response ratio", "Soil science", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Conventional tillage", "Geography", "Life Sciences", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil Nutrient Management", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Europe", "Chemistry", "Archaeology", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop husbandry", "Organic matter", "Intercropping in Agricultural Systems", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Agronomy and Crop Science", "Mathematics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-10", "title": "Effects Of Irrigation Strategies And Soils On Field Grown Potatoes: Yield And Water Productivity", "description": "Abstract Yield and water productivity of potatoes grown in 4.32\u00a0m2 lysimeters were measured in coarse sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam and imposed to full (FI), deficit (DI), and partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation strategies. PRD and DI as water-saving irrigation treatments received 65% of FI after tuber bulking and lasted for 6 weeks until final harvest. Analysis across the soil textures showed that fresh yields were not significant between the irrigation treatments. However, the same analysis across the irrigation treatments revealed that the effect of soil texture was significant on the fresh yield and loamy sand produced significantly higher fresh yield than the other two soils, probably because of higher leaf area index, higher photosynthesis rates, and \u201cstay-green\u201d effect late in the growing season. More analysis showed that there was a significant interaction between the irrigation treatments and soil textures that the highest fresh yield was obtained under FI in loamy sand. Furthermore, analysis across the soil textures showed that water productivities, WP (kg\u00a0ha\u22121 fresh tuber yield\u00a0mm\u22121 ET) were not significantly different between the irrigation treatments. However, across the irrigation treatments, the soil textures were significantly different. This showed that the interaction between irrigation treatments and soil textures was significant that the highest significant WP was obtained under DI in sandy loam. While PRD and DI treatments increased WP by, respectively, 11 and 5% in coarse sand and 28 and 36% in sandy loam relative to FI, they decreased WP in loamy sand by 15 and 13%. The reduced WP in loamy sand was due to nearly 28% fresh tuber yield loss in PRD and DI relative to FI even though ET was reduced by 9 and 11% in these irrigation treatments. This study showed that different soils will affect water-saving irrigation strategies that are worth knowing for suitable agricultural water management. So, under non-limited water resources conditions, loamy sand produces the highest yield under full irrigation but water-saving irrigations (PRD and DI) are not recommended due to considerable loss (28%) in yield. However, under restricted water resources, it is recommended to apply water-saving irrigations in sandy loam and coarse sand to achieve the highest water productivity.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "BRIC", "Potato tuber yield", "Water productivity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/Bric", "Full irrigation", "6. Clean water", "Soild tectures", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Partial root-zone drying irrigation", "Deficit irrigation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:04Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-12", "title": "Land conversion from annual to perennial crops: A win-win strategy for biomass yield and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen sequestration", "description": "

How much can we increase biomass yield by promoting land conversion from annual to perennial crops? Will increased biomass extraction for biorefineries reduce soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stock? Which cropping system is more stable for biomass production over time? To our knowledge, no study has concurrently investigated the effects of land conversion from annual to perennial crops on biomass yield, yield stability, and changes in SOC and TN stock, which limits the understanding and application of sustainable agroecosystems producing biomass for biorefineries. Based on five-year continuous observations in central Jutland Denmark, our results showed that perennial crops significantly increased biomass yield by 19% and yield stability by 88% compared to annual crops. Perennial crops significantly increased SOC content by 4% and SOC stock by 11% at 0\u2013100 cm depth across the five years. The opposite responses of SOC content and stock under annual and perennial crops led to even more significant differences between the crop types. Perennial crops had no effect on soil TN content and increased soil TN stock to one meter depth by 22%, whereas continuous annual crops had no effect on it. Neither annual nor perennial crops had effects on SOC and TN stock when estimated based on equivalent soil mass because the soil density increased under perennial crops. Our results showed that changes in SOC and TN stock between annual and perennial crops varied with the specific calculating methods (fixed depth/equivalent mass), thus the selected methods should be clearly defined in the future research. Increases in SOC content at one meter depth were positively correlated with biomass yield and yield stability, suggesting a win-win strategy for climate mitigation and food security. Altogether, our results highlight the potential to redesign the current cropping system for sustainable intensification by selecting proper perennial crops for green biorefineries.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Yield stability", "Sustainable agroecosystem", "13. Climate action", "Annual crop", "Biomass yield", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Perennial crop", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stock"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2022.107907"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:05Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-10-20", "title": "Can Carbon Sequestration Markets Benefit Low-Income Producers In Semi-Arid Africa? Potentials And Challenges", "description": "Abstract The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change allows a country that emits C above agreed-upon limits to purchase C offsets from an entity that uses biological means to absorb or reduce greenhouse emissions. The CDM is currently offered for afforestation and reforestation projects, but may apply subsequently to sequestration in agricultural soils. Additionally, markets outside of the Protocol are developing for soil C sequestration. In theory, C markets present win-win opportunities for buyers and sellers of C stocks. In practice, however, C markets are very complex. They presuppose the existence and integration of technical capacity to enhance C storage in production systems, the capacity for resource users to adopt and maintain land resource practices that sequester C, the ability for dealers or brokers to monitor C stocks at a landscape level, the institutional capacity to aggregate C credits, the financial mechanisms for incentive payments to reach farmers, and transparent and accountable governance structures that can ensure equitable distribution of benefits. Hence, while C payments may contribute to increasing rural incomes and promoting productivity enhancement practices, they may also expose resource users to additional social tensions and institutional risks.", "keywords": ["Carbon sequestration", "Poverty reduction", "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)", "01 natural sciences", "12. Responsible consumption", "Payments for environmental services", "Agricultural ecosystems", "Afforestation", "West Africa", "11. Sustainability", "Reforestation", "Poverty", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Drylands", "1. No poverty", "Kyoto Protocol", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil carbon", "Semiarid zones", "Carbon credits", "PES", "Greenhouse gases", "Carbon offsets", "Emissions", "Economic incentives", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon markets"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Perez, C., Roncoli, \u202aCarla, Neely, Constance L., Steiner, J. L.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=soil&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=soil&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=soil&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=soil&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 10388, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-08-25T07:38:47.950175Z"}