{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.650155", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-04-06", "title": "Effects of Microplastic Fibers on Soil Aggregation and Enzyme Activities Are Organic Matter Dependent", "description": "<p>Microplastic as an anthropogenic pollutant accumulates in terrestrial ecosystems over time, threatening soil quality and health, for example by decreasing aggregate stability. Organic matter addition is an efficient approach to promote aggregate stability, yet little is known about whether microplastic can reduce the beneficial effect of organic matter on aggregate stability. We investigated the impacts of microplastic fibers in the presence or absence of different organic materials by carrying out a soil incubation experiment. This experiment was set up as a fully factorial design containing all combinations of microplastic fibers (no microplastic fiber addition, two different types of polyester fibers, and polyacrylic) and organic matter (no organic matter addition, Medicago lupulina leaves, Plantago lanceolata leaves, wheat straw, and hemp stems). We evaluated the percentage of water-stable aggregates (WSA) and activities of four soil enzymes (\uffce\uffb2-glucosidase, \uffce\uffb2-D-celluliosidase, N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, phosphatase). Organic matter addition increased WSA and enzyme activities, as expected. In particular, Plantago or wheat straw addition increased WSA and enzyme activities by 224.77 or 281.65% and 298.51 or 55.45%, respectively. Microplastic fibers had no effect on WSA and enzyme activities in the soil without organic matter addition, but decreased WSA and enzyme activities by 26.20 or 37.57% and 23.85 or 26.11%, respectively, in the presence of Plantago or wheat straw. Our study shows that the effects of microplastic fibers on soil aggregation and enzyme activities are organic matter dependent. A possible reason is that Plantago and wheat straw addition stimulated soil aggregation to a greater degree, resulting in more newly formed aggregates containing microplastic, the incorporated microplastic fibers led to less stable aggregates, and decrease in enzyme activities This highlights an important aspect of the context dependency of microplastic effects in soil and on soil health. Our results also suggest risks for soil stability associated with organic matter additions, such as is common in agroecosystems, when microplastics are present.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "soil health", "soil aggregate stability", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "enzyme activity", "Environmental sciences", "plastic pollution", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "GE1-350", "soil structure", "microplastic", "organic matter", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.650155"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Environmental%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.650155", "name": "item", "description": "10.3389/fenvs.2021.650155", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3389/fenvs.2021.650155"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-04-06T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1002/fee.2099", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:14:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-08-28", "title": "Side\u2010swiped: ecological cascades emanating from earthworm invasions", "description": "<p>Non\uffe2\uff80\uff90native, invasive earthworms are altering soils throughout the world. Ecological cascades emanating from these invasions stem from rapid consumption of leaf litter by earthworms. This occurs at a midpoint in the trophic pyramid, unlike the more familiar bottom\uffe2\uff80\uff90up or top\uffe2\uff80\uff90down cascades. These cascades cause fundamental changes (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cmicrocascade effects\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) in soil morphology, bulk density, and nutrient leaching, and a shift to warmer, drier soil surfaces with a loss of leaf litter. In North American temperate and boreal forests, microcascade effects can affect carbon sequestration, disturbance regimes, soil and water quality, forest productivity, plant communities, and wildlife habitat, and can facilitate other invasive species. These broader\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale changes (\uffe2\uff80\uff9cmacrocascade effects\uffe2\uff80\uff9d) are of greater concern to society. Interactions among these fundamental changes and broader\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale effects create \uffe2\uff80\uff9ccascade complexes\uffe2\uff80\uff9d that interact with climate change and other environmental processes. The diversity of cascade effects, combined with the vast area invaded by earthworms, leads to regionally important changes in ecological functioning.</p>", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "earthworms", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "introduced organisms", "soil structure", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "ecosystem health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fee.2099"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2099"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Ecology%20and%20the%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/fee.2099", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/fee.2099", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/fee.2099"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-08-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.019", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-27", "title": "Application of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and pore morphologic model to predict saturated water conductivity from X-ray CT imaging in a silty loam Cambisol", "description": "20 This study aims to estimate saturated hydraulic conductivity in a silty loam soil and compare modelled data with 21 experimental ones. The flow characteristics of twelve undisturbed soil cores (5 cm in diameter \u00d7 6 cm high) were 22 measured in the laboratory after performing X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) analysis. MicroCT 3D 23 imaging was integrated with an existing pore morphologic model and a numerical simulation based on mesh-24 free smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to calculate the water flow through the macropore network 25 (pores N 40 \u03bcm). Results showed that the proposed SPH method was able to predict hydraulic conductivity of 26 large-sized samples as falling in the range of the experimental ones. By contrast the morphologic model generally 27 underestimated the water flow and was slightly affected by the pore shape. Increasing microCT imaging resolu-28 tion and expanding the variability with other soil types will improve the understanding of the role of micropore 29 size and morphology on water conductivity. 30", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "[ SDV.SA.SDS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0207 environmental engineering", "600", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Pore size distribution", "[ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Saturated hydraulic conductivity", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "X-ray computed microtomography"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.019"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.019", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.019", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.04.019"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Harnessing belowground processes for sustainable intensification of agricultural systems", "description": "Abstract <p>Increasing food demand coupled with climate change pose a great challenge to agricultural systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION", "PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA", "Plant-plant interaction", "Rhizobiome", "MEDIATED PH CHANGES", "Review Article", "Plant health", "MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Soil health", "Soil structure", "C sequestration", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SDG 2 \u2013 Kein Hunger", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Plant nutrition", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Water availability", "Root exudation", "JASMONIC ACID", "15. Life on land", "Microbes", "Intercropping", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "PLANT-GROWTH", "13. Climate action", "ROOT BORDER CELLS", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "C cycling", "INNATE IMMUNITY", "NITROGEN-FIXATION", "ORGANIC-ACIDS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:15:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-11", "title": "Impact of root hairs on microscale soil physical properties in the field", "description": "Abstract                  Aims                 <p>Recent laboratory studies revealed that root hairs may alter soil physical behaviour, influencing soil porosity and water retention on the small scale. However, the results are not consistent, and it is not known if structural changes at the small-scale have impacts at larger scales. Therefore, we evaluated the potential effects of root hairs on soil hydro-mechanical properties in the field using rhizosphere-scale physical measurements.</p>                                Methods                 <p>Changes in soil water retention properties as well as mechanical and hydraulic characteristics were monitored in both silt loam and sandy loam soils. Measurements were taken from plant establishment to harvesting in field trials, comparing three barley genotypes representing distinct phenotypic categories in relation to root hair length. Soil hardness and elasticity were measured using a 3-mm-diameter spherical indenter, while water sorptivity and repellency were measured using a miniaturized infiltrometer with a 0.4-mm tip radius.</p>                                Results                 <p>Over the growing season, plants induced changes in the soil water retention properties, with the plant available water increasing by 21%. Both soil hardness (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.031) and elasticity (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.048) decreased significantly in the presence of root hairs in silt loam soil, by 50% and 36%, respectively. Root hairs also led to significantly smaller water repellency (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.007) in sandy loam soil vegetated with the hairy genotype (-49%) compared to the hairless mutant.</p>                                Conclusions                 <p>Breeding of cash crops for improved soil conditions could be achieved by selecting root phenotypes that ameliorate soil physical properties and therefore contribute to increased soil health.</p>", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "0106 biological sciences", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "Soil Science", "Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services (RESAS)", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "630", "QH301", "BBSRC BB/L025825/1", "Barley", "Soil health", "Soil structure", "Root hairs", "Soil hydromechanical properties", "BB/L025620/1", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "name=Soil Science", "ERCDMR-646809", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil water retention", "BBSRC BB/J00868/1", "6. Clean water", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Other", "name=Plant Science", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/484590/2/s11104_022_05530_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-09-23", "title": "A centrifuge-based experimental verification of Soil-Structure Interaction effects", "description": "Open AccessSoil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 103", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil structure interaction; Centrifuge modeling; Experimental verification; Impulse response; SDOF systems; Modal identification; Energy dissipation", "Soil structure interaction", "Impulse response", "Energy dissipation", "Centrifuge modeling", "SDOF systems", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Experimental verification", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Modal identification", "0201 civil engineering"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Dynamics%20and%20Earthquake%20Engineering", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:15:47Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-11-22", "title": "The Impact Of Manure, Straw And Biochar Amendments On Aggregation And Erosion In A Hillslope Ultisol", "description": "Soil erosion is a serious problem in subtropical China where hillslope red soils (Ultisols in US soil taxonomy) are intensively cultivated. Manure and amendments have been reported to improve crop growth and soil structural stability in long-term experiments so the objective of this study was to determine the effect of different organic amendments on soil aggregate stability, agronomic performance, runoff, and erosion. Four treatments consisted of inorganic NPK fertilizer (NPK), NPK fertilizer plus rice straw mulch (NPK + Str), NPK fertilizer plus rice straw-derived biochar (NPK + BC), and NPK fertilizer plus swine manure (NPK + OM) located on land with a 9\u201314% slope planted with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). During the peanut season, soil erosion ranged from around 2600 ton km\u2212 2 with just inorganic NPK fertilizer down to 627 ton km\u2212 2 with fertilizer plus swine manure, while addition of swine manure also increased the above-ground biomass and SOC (P   0.05) except the SOC, because biochar was susceptible to erosion (2115 ton km\u2212 2). The least erosion was observed in the straw mulch treatment (225 ton km\u2212 2), while it improved the above-ground biomass (P < 0.05) but not the C stock. The results indicated that the application of organic manure was a more appropriate practice for hillslope Ultisols management than using biochar.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil erosion", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "biochar", "soil structure", "organic amendment", "aggregate stability"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Peng, Xinhua, Zhu, Q. H., Xie, Zubin, Darboux, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric, Holden, Nick M.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2021.105718", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:15:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-11", "title": "Correlation of banana productivity levels and soil morphological properties using regularized optimal scaling regression", "description": "Soil morphological properties described in the field, such as texture, consistence or structure, provide a valuable tool for the evaluation of soil productivity potential. In this study, we developed a regression model between the soil morphological variables of banana plantations and a crop Productivity Index (PI) previously developed for the same areas in Venezuela. For this, we implemented categorical regression, an optimal scaling procedure in which the morphological variables are transformed into a numerical scale, and can thus be entered in a multiple regression analysis. The model was developed from data from six plantations growing \u201cGran Nain\u201d bananas, each with two productivity levels (high and low), in two 4-ha experimental plots, one for each productivity level. Sixty-three A horizons in thirty-six soils were described using 15 field morphological variables on a nominal scale for structure type, texture and hue, and an ordinal scale for the rest (structure grade, structure size, wet and dry consistence, stickiness, plasticity, moist value, chroma, root abundance, root size, biological activity and reaction to HCl). The optimum model selected included biological activity, texture, dry consistence, reaction to HCl and structure type variables. These variables explained the PI with an R2 of 0.599, an expected prediction error (EPE) of 0.645 and a standard error (SE) of 0.135 using bootstrapping, and EPE of 0.662 with a SE of 0.236 using 10-fold cross validation. Our study showed how soil quality is clearly related to productivity on commercial banana plantations, and developed a way to correlate soil quality indicators to yield by using indicators based on easily measured soil morphological parameters. The methodology used in this study might be further expanded to other banana-producing areas to help identify the soils most suitable for its cultivation, thereby enhancing its environmental sustainability and profitability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines", "63 Agricultura.", "Biological activity", "Biological activities", "63 Agricultura", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines.", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Dry consistence", "Sustainability", "Qualitative soil indicators", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Texture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2021.105718"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2021.105718", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2021.105718", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2021.105718"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-06", "title": "Characterising and linking X-ray CT derived macroporosity parameters to infiltration in soils with contrasting structures", "description": "<p>Soils deliver the regulating ecosystem services of water infiltration and distribution, which can be controlled by macropores. Parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties is challenging due to the lack of direct measurement methods. With tension-disc infiltrometry hydraulic properties near saturation can be measured. Differentiating between hydrologically active and non-active pores, at a given water potential, indirectly assesses macropore continuity. Water flow through macropores is controlled by macropore size distribution, tortuosity, and connectivity, which can be directly derived by X-ray computed tomography (CT). Our objective was to parameterize macropore hydraulic properties based on the imaged macropore network of three horizons of an Andosol and a Gleysol. Hydraulic conductivity K <sub>unsat</sub> was derived from infiltration measurements. Soil cores from the infiltration areas were scanned with X-ray CT. K <sub>unsat</sub> was significantly higher in the Andosol than in the Gleysol at all water potentials, and decreased significantly with depth in both soils. The in situ measurements guided the definition of new macroporosity parameters from the X-ray CT reconstructions. For the Andosol, K <sub>unsat</sub> was best predicted using the imaged-limited macroporosity. A low total macroporosity, coupled with a high macropore density, indicated the abundance of smaller macropores, leading to homogeneous matrix flux. Imaged macropores were not well connected. In contrast, the Gleysol had a bi-modal macropore system with few very large, but well-connected macropores. K <sub>unsat</sub> was best predicted using the imaged macroporosity consisting only of macropores with diameters between 0.75 and 3 mm. Our research demonstrates that linking traditional soil physical measurements with soil-visualization techniques has a huge potential to improve parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties. The relevance of the relationships found in this study for larger scales and other soil types still needs to be tested, for example by a multi-scale investigation including a much wider range of different soils. </p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Hydraulic parameters", "0207 environmental engineering", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Image analysis", "Tension disc in\ufb01ltrometr", "Tension disc infiltrometry", "Pore network", "13. Climate action", "Soil structure", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.020"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-03-07", "title": "Possibilities to improve soil aggregate stability using biochars derived from various biomasses through slow pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, or torrefaction", "description": "Various thermochemical conversion technologies can be applied in producing biochar from a wide range of raw materials. We studied the chemical quality of 10 different biochars produced via torrefaction (TOR), slow pyrolysis (SP), or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), in order to assess their potential in improving clay soil aggregate stability and thus contribute to mitigation of erosion from agricultural soils. X-ray tomography was used to visualize soil aggregates in some selected biochar treatments. Feedstock type had a major influence on the properties of the biochar, but in general biochars derived through SP were alkaline and exhibited higher electrical conductivity and ash content and lower surface activity than acidic HTC and TOR biochars. Alkyl peak areas determined from FTIR spectra were higher in biochars produced by TOR and HTC than in SP biochars, which indicates a higher degree of hydrophobicity in the former. Significantly higher aggregate stability and reduced colloid detachment were achieved with HTC biochars, most likely due to hydrophobicity reducing wetting rate and aggregate slaking. When mixed with initially aggregated soil, the biochar particles settled in inter-aggregate voids. According to image analysis, the internal porosity of soil aggregates was not affected by biochar addition, i.e., biochar did not enter the aggregates during the short incubation period. Addition of hydrophobic HTC biochar decreased the soil water content at field capacity, whereas more inert SP chars tended to increase it. The overall effect of biochar hydrophobicity on soil functions needs to be explored prior to wider use of biochar as a soil amendment.", "keywords": ["ta1172", "ta1171", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "333", "6. Clean water", "soil aggregates", "clay soils", "ta1181", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "agricultural soils", "soil structure", "ta414", "ta415"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:19Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-11", "title": "Soil structural indicators as predictors of biological activity under various soil management practices", "description": "Soil structure is a key feature in controlling the turnover of organic matter in soils. The spatial arrangement of solids and pores in agricultural topsoil can be actively influenced by management practices, such as tillage and cropping systems, which in turn can affect the resident microbial communities and their activities. However, carbon mineralisation and microbial activity are usually measured in sieved samples, which provides information on gross potentials under optimal conditions. Under these conditions, the spatial heterogeneities that are specific to different management practices are reduced or totally removed. In this study, we combined X-ray computer tomography (X-ray CT) and isothermal calorimetry to investigate the effect of soil structure on heat dissipation, as an indicator of biological activity. Samples were collected from the topsoil of a long-term field experiment (12\u00a0years) that included four different land uses: conventional vs. reduced tillage, each with either maize or winter wheat as the main crop in the rotation. We compared the response of undisturbed soil cores (3\u00a0cm in height, 2.7\u00a0cm in diameter) to the addition of water and glucose in specific pore sizes, ranging in radii of 15 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m or 3 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m. The pore structure and indicators of particulate organic material were quantified using X-ray CT with a voxel resolution of 15\u00a0\u00b5m. This allowed us to distinguish between the effects of crop rotation and tillage regime on biological activity, soil structure and the feedback between the two. Heat dissipation correlated significantly with X-ray CT derived porosity, pore surface density and soil matrix grey value, all of which were affected by both tillage regime and crop rotation. Heat dissipation in maize plots after glucose addition to the pore size range with radii of 3 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m was greater than in the winter wheat systems, but not when added to the pore size range with radii of 15 to 75\u00a0\u00b5m. The study showed that structural indicators can explain up to 81\u00a0% and 95\u00a0% of the variance in total heat dissipation after glucose and water addition, respectively, but only 60\u00a0% of the heat dynamics, here defined as the time taken for 50\u00a0% of total heat to be dissipated. The results emphasise the importance of soil structure in regulating microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and warrants further investigations.", "keywords": ["X-ray CT", "Crop rotation", "Biological activity", "Science", "Soil structure", "Q", "[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences", "Soil Science", "Tillage regime", "Micro-habitat", "Calorimetry"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/37077/1/leuther-f-et-al-20250508.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-18", "title": "Benchmarking soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration provides more robust soil health assessment than the SOC/clay ratio at European scale", "description": "Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) confers benefits to soil health, biodiversity, underpins carbon sequestration and ameliorates land degradation. One recommendation is to increase SOC such that the SOC to clay ratio (SOC/clay) exceeds 1/13, yet normalising SOC levels based on clay alone gives misleading indications of soil structure and the potential to store additional carbon. Building on work by Poeplau & Don (2023) to benchmark observed against predicted SOC, we advance an alternative indicator: the ratio between observed and 'typical' SOC (O/T SOC) for pan-European application. Here, 'typical' SOC is the average concentration in different pedo-climate zones, PCZs (which, unlike existing SOC indicators, incorporate land cover and climate, alongside soil texture) across Europe, determined from mineral (<20\u00a0% organic matter) topsoils (0-20\u00a0cm) sampled during 2009-2018 in LUCAS, Europe's largest soil monitoring scheme (n\u00a0=\u00a019,855). Regression tree modelling derived 12 PCZs, with typical SOC values ranging 5.99-39.65\u00a0g\u00a0kg-1. New index classes for comparison with SOC/clay grades were established from the quartiles of each PCZ's O/T SOC distribution; these were termed: 'Low' (below the 25th percentile), 'Intermediate' (between the 25th and 50th percentiles), 'High' (between the 50th and 75th percentiles), and 'Very high' (above the 75th percentile). Compared with SOC/clay, O/T SOC was less sensitive to clay content, land cover, and climate, less geographically skewed, and better reflected differences in soil porosity and SOC stock, supporting 2 EU Soil Health Mission objectives (consolidating SOC stocks; improving soil structure for crops and biota). These patterns held for 2 independent datasets, and O/T SOC grades were sensitive enough to reflect land management differences across several long-term field experiments. O/T SOC used in conjunction with several other physical, chemical and biological soil health indicators can help support the EU Soil Monitoring Law and achieve several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.", "keywords": ["soil monitoring", "pedo-climate zones", "clay", "soil carbon", "soil structure", "sustainable development goals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175642"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-09-09", "title": "Soil Aggregation And Bacterial Community Structure As Affected By Tillage And Cover Cropping In The Brazilian Cerrados", "description": "<p>Microbial-based indicators of soil quality are believed to be more dynamic than those based on physical and chemical properties. Recent developments in molecular biology based techniques have led to rapid and reliable tools to characterize microbial community structures. We determined the effects of conventional and no-tillage in cropping systems with and without cover crops on bacterial community structure, total organic carbon (TOC) and soil aggregation. Tillage and rotation did not affect TOC from bulk soil. However, TOC was greater in the largest aggregate size class (7.98-19 mm), and had greater mean-weight diameter under no-tillage than under conventional tillage in the 0-5 cm soil layer. Soil bacterial community structure, based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction amplified DNA (PCR/DGGE) using two different genes as biomarkers, 16S rRNA and rpoB genes, indicated different populations in response to cultivation, tillage and depth, but not due to cover cropping. Soil bacterial community structure and meanweight diameter of soil aggregates indicated alterations in soil conditions due to tillage system. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "GENES", "Cerrados", "16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA", "no-tillage", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "DGGE profiling", "SUSTAINABILITY", "PCR", "16S rDNA", "GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS", "MANAGEMENT", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "NO-TILLAGE", "HETEROGENEITY", "DGGE", "soil structure", "rpoB", "MICROBIAL DIVERSITY"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.08.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.09.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-11-13", "title": "Effect Of Soil Structure Disturbance On Erosion And Phosphorus Losses From Finnish Clay Soil", "description": "Abstract   No-till (NT) has proved to be an effective method to reduce erosion and losses of particulate phosphorus (PP) from fields to watercourses. However, the accumulation of P in the uppermost soil layer and the increased leaching risk of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in surface runoff reduce the environmental benefits of NT. The objective of this study was to determine whether the concentration of DRP in percolates could be decreased by mixing surface soil (0\u20135\u00a0cm) and deeper soil layers (5\u201320\u00a0cm) and how this affects erosion. We also tested the impact of high ionic strength on erosion from undisturbed and disturbed soil columns.  Soil samples were collected from conventionally tilled (CT) and non-tilled (for 5 years) plots from a clay field (Vertic Cambisol) at 0\u20132.5, 2.5\u201310 and 10\u201320\u00a0cm depths. Moreover, undisturbed and disturbed soil columns representing the same plots were saturated with water in the laboratory and allowed to drain. The physico-chemical properties of the percolates were analysed to unravel the impact of cultivation methods and disruption of the aggregate structure. To see the effect of high ionic strength on detachment of soil particles, the soil columns were leached with ammonium acetate solution.  The low pH of NT surface soil had enhanced the sorption of P and easily-soluble P had accumulated in the uppermost soil layer. Surprisingly, this enrichment did not increase the DRP concentration in the percolates when water percolated through the 0\u20135 or 0\u201320\u00a0cm soil layers. Disruption of the aggregate structure increased the turbidity and concentrations of suspended solids and PP in the percolates. In the NT samples, this action increased the concentration of DRP relatively more than in the CT samples. When the disturbed soil columns were leached with a solution of high ionic strength, the turbidity of the eluates was almost as low as before the breakage.  To prevent erosion and the leaching of PP and DRP, we have to ensure an even water infiltration by improving the soil structure and by avoiding the disruption of stabilized aggregates. Ploughing the surface layer of NT soil can be recommended only if erosion from the field can be kept under control.", "keywords": ["suorakylv\u00f6", "eroosio", "erosion potential", "no-tillage", "undisturbed soil colums", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "erosion", "6. Clean water", "ploughing", "kynt\u00f6", "maan rakenne", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "phosphorus", "soil structure", "fosfori"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.09.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.09.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.09.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.09.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-04-01", "title": "Earthworm Populations Under Different Tillage Systems In Organic Farming", "description": "To understand how earthworms could improve soil porosity in no-tillage organic farming systems, the aim of our study was to compare the effect of different tillage systems on earthworm populations, from conventional (traditional mouldboard ploughing, MP and shallow mouldboard ploughing, SMP) to conservation tillage (reduced tillage, RT, direct drilling or very superficial tillage, NT) in three organic arable systems in France (sites A\u2013C). In a second stage, the effect of earthworm activity on soil porosity under the four tillage systems was assessed at sites A and B. Earthworm abundance, biomass and diversity were measured over a 2\u20133-year period at the 3 sites. During the same period, soil structure (soil profile description and soil bulk density) and open worm burrows in the soil were assessed at sites A and B. After 3 years of experiments, it was found that at 2 sites earthworm abundance and biomass were higher in NT than with ploughing or reduced tillage. The increase of earthworms in NT is mainly due to anecic species increase. Earthworm abundance and biomass tend to decrease regardless of the tillage techniques employed at sites with a ley, and conversely, tend to increase in NT and RT at sites initially ploughed. In the short term, the increase of anecic species in NT has no effect on soil porosity evolution: NT soils were more compacted than those which were ploughed. A long-term experiment is required to assess the effect of biological activity on the physical components of soil in organic farming.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Organic farming", "[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Soil tillage", "[SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", " environment", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "Soil biology", "Abundance", "Soil structure", "Earthworms", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Biomass", "[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces", "environment", "Conservation tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2009.02.011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-04", "title": "Long-Term Rotation And Tillage Effects On Soil Structure And Crop Yield", "description": "Tillage and rotation are fundamental factors influencing soil quality and thus the sustainability of cropping systems. Many studies have focused on the effects of either tillage or rotation, but few have quantified the long term integrated effects of both. We studied the issue using a 30-year old long-term rotation and tillage treatment experiment on a Canadian silt loam soil. Topsoil measurements were carried out for three different rotations: R1, (C\u2013C\u2013C\u2013C) continuous corn (Zea mays L.), R6, (C\u2013C\u2013O(RC), B(RC)) corn, corn, oats (Avena fatua L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and R8, (C\u2013C\u2013S\u2013S) corn, corn, soybean (Glycine max L.), soybean. A red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) cover crop was under seeded in oats and spring barley in R6. In 2010, first year corn was grown in R6 and R8. The tillage treatments included no tillage, NT and mouldboard ploughing, MP. Topsoil structural quality was visually evaluated in early June and mid October. Minimal disturbed soil cores collected in early June were used for X-ray CT scanning and to quantify water content and porosity. Soil friability was determined on the soil samples using a drop shatter test. Crop yield was determined and correlated to the soil quality estimates. We found significant effect of both rotation and tillage on visual soil structure at both times of assessment. Poor soil structure was found for NT except when combined with a diverse crop rotation (R6). The soil core pore characteristics data also displayed a significant effect of tillage but only a weak insignificant effect of rotation. The drop shatter results were in accordance with the visual assessment data. Crop yield correlated significantly with the visual soil structure scores. We conclude that a diverse crop rotation was needed for an optimal performance of NT for the studied soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "X-ray CT", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil quality", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "yield", "rotation", "visual soil structure evaluation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000400003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-10-29", "title": "Aggregate Stability As Affected By Short And Long-Term Tillage Systems And Nutrient Sources Of A Hapludox In Southern Brazil", "description": "<p>The ability of a soil to keep its structure under the erosive action of water is usually high in natural conditions and decreases under frequent and intensive cultivation. The effect of five tillage systems (NT = no-till; CP = chisel plowing and one secondary disking; CT = primary and two secondary distings; CTb = CT with crop residue burning; and CTr = CT with removal of crop residues from the field), combined with five nutrient sources (C = control, no nutrient application; MF = mineral fertilizers according to technical recommendations for each crop; PL = 5 Mg ha-1 y-1 fresh matter of poultry litter; CM = 60 m\uffc2\uffb3 ha-1 y-1 slurry cattle manure; and SM = 40 m\uffc2\uffb3 ha-1 y-1 slurry swine manure) on wet-aggregate stability was determined after nine years (four sampled soil layers) and on five sampling dates in the 10th year (two sampled soil layers) of the experiment. The size distribution of the air-dried aggregates was strongly affected by soil bulk density, and greater values of geometric mean diameter (GMD AD) found in some soil tillage or layer may be partly due to the higher compaction degree. After nine years, the GMD AD on the surface was greater in NT and CP compared to conventional tillage systems (CT, CTb and CTr), due to the higher organic matter content, as well as less soil mobilization. Aggregate stability in water, on the other hand, was affected by the low variation in previous gravimetric moisture of aggregates, which contributed to a high coefficient of variation of this attribute. The geometric mean diameter of water-stable aggregates (GMD WS) was highest in the 0.00-0.05 m layer in the NT system, in the layers 0.05-0.10 and 0.12-0.17 m in the CT, and values were intermediate in CP. The stability index (SI) in the surface layers was greater in treatments where crop residues were kept in the field (NT, CP and CT), which is associated with soil organic matter content. No differences were found in the layer 0.27-0.32 m. The effect of nutrient sources on GMD AD and GMD WS was small and did not affect SI.</p>", "keywords": ["preparo do solo", "agrega\u00e7\u00e3o", "sampling time", "soil tillage", "manure", "estercos", "aggregation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "soil structure", "tempo de coleta", "estrutura do solo"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000400003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20do%20Solo", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000400003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1590/s0100-06832009000400003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1590/s0100-06832009000400003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-20", "title": "Soil Structural Shifts Caused by Land Management Practices", "description": "Long-term agricultural practices have been shown to affect soil hydro-physical properties in multiple ways. They affect the stability and distribution of soil aggregates leading to changes in water retention, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity. Aggregate stability is an indicator of the resilience of aggregates to external forces. Unstable aggregates can change rapidly under different land management practices and meteorological conditions. \u039cacro-aggregates (>250 \u03bcm) are formed more rapidly and are often more sensitive to management changes. Here, four different long-term experiments, run by the SoilCare Horizon 2020 Project partners, were sampled and analyzed, in order to evaluate the impact of different agricultural management practices in the water stability of soil aggregates and the fractions distribution. Different experiments selected, include control-conventional treatment and different treatments, which are considered soil improving. The treatments are about soil cultivation (conventional ploughing-control, zero tillage, minimum tillage, strip tillage, shallow tillage) and organic input (mineral fertilization-control, residue incorporation, farmyard manure) and are selected in areas with different climatic and soil conditions. Initial results indicate that treatments with less soil disturbance present more water stable aggregates (WSA) >250 \u03bcm and higher mean weight diameters (MWD), as well as the same trend following the treatments with increased organic input. According to Tukey\u2019s Honest Significance test (<i>p</i> < 0.05), management practices are shown to have a significant impact on the WSA and MWD in most cases, but not all similar treatments in the different areas present the same results. The large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) seem to be greatly sensitive to soil cultivation, whereas the results for the small macro-aggregates (250 \u03bcm\u20132 mm) are controversial among the different tillage experiments. The different organic inputs seems to affect more the small macro-aggregates than the larger. The initial results indicate that the shifts in the soil structure cannot only be justified by the different management practices. The interrelationships and potential links with other soil properties like texture, bulk density, particulate organic matter and climate will be taken into account in further steps in order to understand the mechanisms behind the aggregation shifts.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil cultivation", "A", "aggregates", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "SoilCare", "General Works", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ioanna Panagea, Jan Diels, Guido Wyseure,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030057"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/TERRAenVISION%202019", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/proceedings2019030057", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/proceedings2019030057"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr18210", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:17:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-16", "title": "Effect of long-term irrigation and tillage practices on X-ray CT and gas transport derived pore-network characteristics", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p> The gas transport parameters, diffusivity and air-filled porosity are crucial for soil aeration, microbial activity and greenhouse gas emission, and directly depend on soil structure. In this study, we analysed the effect of long-term tillage and irrigation practices on the surface structure of an arable soil in New Zealand. Our hypothesis was that topsoil structure would change under intensification of arable production, affecting gas exchange. Intact soil cores were collected from plots under intensive tillage (IT) and direct drill (DD), irrigated or rainfed. In total, 32 cores were scanned by X-ray computed tomography (CT) to derive the pore network &amp;gt;30\u00b5m. The cores were then used to measure soil-gas diffusivity, air-permeability and air-filled porosity of pores close to the resolution of the X-ray CT scans, namely \u226530\u00b5m. The gas measurements allow the calculation of pore-network connectivity and tortuosity parameters, which were compared with the CT-derived structural characteristics. Long-term irrigation had little effect on any of the parameters analysed. Total porosity tended to be lower under IT than DD, whereas the CT-derived porosity was comparable. Both the CT-derived mean pore diameter (MPD) and other morphological parameters, as well as gas measurement-derived parameters, highlighted a less developed structure under IT. The differences in the functional pore-network structure were attributed to SOC depletion and the mechanical disturbance through IT. Significant correlations between CT-derived parameters and functional gas transport parameters such as tortuosity and MPD were found, which suggest that X-ray CT could be useful in the prediction of gas transport. </p></article>", "keywords": ["AGRICULTURE", "soil structure.", "P-parameter", "Soil structure", "carbon depletion", "MANAGEMENT", "COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY", "PERMEABILITY", "CONSERVATION TILLAGE", "Dexter index", "Intensive tillage", "SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON", "carbon depletion; Dexter index; intensive tillage; P -parameter; soil organic carbon; soil structure.; Environmental Science (miscellaneous); Soil Science; Earth-Surface Processes", "P -parameter", "LOAM SOIL", "Soil organic carbon", "POROSITY", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil organic carbon", "NO-TILL", "NITROGEN", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon depletion", "soil structure", "intensive tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.publish.csiro.au/SR/pdf/SR18210"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr18210"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr18210", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr18210", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr18210"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "44546066-980b-451c-84b0-d01be3da4064", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "biota"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil density"}, {"id": "density"}, {"id": "soil chemicophysical properties"}, {"id": "earthworms"}, {"id": "soil organisms"}, {"id": "soil compaction"}, {"id": "soil porosity"}, {"id": "soil properties"}, {"id": "soil structure"}, {"id": "soil fauna"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the BonaRes Centre's research activities.\"\n\nAlthough every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the BonaRes Centre and  the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the BonaRes Centre and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The BonaRes Centre and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2020-12-08", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2020-09-29", "language": "eng", "title": "Effects of earthworms on bulk density: A meta\u2010analysis", "description": "Using meta-analysis, we quantified earthworm effects on bulk density and investigated the influence of driving factors (Lang, B. & Russell, D.J. Eur J Soil Sci. (2020) 71: 80\u2013 83. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12846). We compiled data from 22 articles, yielding 111 data points. In the supplementary data file, we give information on geographical location, climate, soils (soil type, soil texture, organic carbon, pH), experimental details (laboratory or field experiment, natural soil structure or repacked soil, mesocosm and sampling depth, experimental duration, land use, treatment, replication, initial bulk density), organisms (species or higher taxon, earthworm ecological group, mean individual mass, biomass, abundance),  and results (bulk density and standard deviation for fauna and control treatments).\n\nResearch domain: Other\n\nResearch question: We estimated taxon-specific impacts on bulk density, whether general earthworm effects depended on ecological groups, earthworm body mass, abundance, soil texture, land use or experimental duration. Furthermore, we assessed whether earthworms are able to counteract soil compaction.", "keywords": ["Soil", "soil density", "density", "soil chemicophysical properties", "earthworms", "soil organisms", "soil compaction", "soil porosity", "soil properties", "soil structure", "soil fauna", "opendata", "Boden"], "contacts": [{"name": "Birgit Lang", "organization": "Senckenberg Museum of Natural History G\u00f6rlitz", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "birgit.lang@senckenberg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "David J. Russell", "organization": "Senckenberg Museum of Natural History G\u00f6rlitz", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "david.russell@senckenberg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Centre", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - WG Geodata", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 171"}], "emails": [{"value": "bonares-datenzentrum@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "David J. Russell", "organization": "Senckenberg Museum of Natural History G\u00f6rlitz", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "david.russell@senckenberg.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"organization": "Senckenberg Museum of Natural History G\u00f6rlitz", "roles": ["contributor"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12846", "rel": "download"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=44546066-980b-451c-84b0-d01be3da4064", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://metadata.bonares.de:443/smartEditor/preview/Lang_Graphic_overview.png", "name": "preview", "description": "Web image thumbnail (URL)", "protocol": "WWW:LINK-1.0-http--image-thumbnail", "rel": "preview"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "44546066-980b-451c-84b0-d01be3da4064", "name": "item", "description": "44546066-980b-451c-84b0-d01be3da4064", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/44546066-980b-451c-84b0-d01be3da4064"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-12-08T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13152", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-27", "title": "A holistic perspective on soil architecture is needed as a key to soil functions", "description": "Abstract                                                             <p>Soil functions, including climate regulation and the cycling of water and nutrients, are of central importance for a number of environmental issues of great societal concern. To understand and manage these functions, it is crucial to be able to quantify the structure of soils, now increasingly referred to as their \uffe2\uff80\uff9carchitecture,\uffe2\uff80\uff9d as it constraints the physical, chemical and biological processes in soils. This quantification was traditionally approached from two different angles, one focused on aggregates of the solid phase, and the other on the pore space. The recent development of sophisticated, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90disturbing imaging techniques has led to significant progress in the description of soil architecture, in terms of both the pore space and the spatial configuration of mineral and organic materials. We now have direct access to virtually all aspects of soil architecture. In the present article, we review how this affects the perception of soil architecture specifically when trying to describe the functions of soils. A key conclusion of our analysis is that soil architecture, in that context, imperatively needs to be explored in its natural state, with as little disturbance as possible. The same requirement applies to the key processes taking place in the hierarchical soil pore network, including those contributing to the emergence of a heterogeneous organo\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineral soil matrix by various mixing processes, such as bioturbation, diffusion, microbial metabolism and organo\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineral interactions. Artificially isolated aggregates are fundamentally inappropriate for deriving conclusions about the functioning of an intact soil. To fully account for soil functions, we argue that a holistic approach that centres on the pore space is mandatory while the dismantlement of soils into chunks may still be carried out to study the binding of soil solid components. In the future, significant progress is expected along this holistic direction, as new, advanced technologies become available.</p>                                                           Highlights                     <p>                                                                           <p>We highlight the crucial importance of the temporal dynamics of soil architecture for biological activity and carbon turnover.</p>                                                                             <p>We reconcile controversial concepts relative to how soil architecture is formed and reshaped with time.</p>                                                                             <p>Soil is demonstrated to be a heterogeneous porous matrix and not an assembly of aggregates.</p>                                                                             <p>Biological and physical mixing processes are key for the formation and dynamics of soil architecture.</p>                                                                     </p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "aggregation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "910", "soil functions", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "bioturbation", "soil mechanics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil structure", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ejss.13152"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13152"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/ejss.13152", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/ejss.13152", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/ejss.13152"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-08-05", "title": "Effects Of Organic Versus Conventional Arable Farming On Soil Structure And Organic Matter Dynamics In A Marine Loam In The Netherlands", "description": "<p>Abstract.  We compared the effects of conventional and organic arable farming on soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil structure, aggregate stability and C and N mineralization, which are considered important factors in defining sustainable land management. Within one soil series, three different farming systems were selected, including a conventional and an organic arable system and permanent pasture without tillage. The old pasture represents optimal conditions in terms of soil structure and organic matter inputs and is characterized by high earthworm activity. More than 70 years of different management has caused significant differences in soil properties. SOM content, mineralization, earthworm activity and water\uffe2\uff80\uff90stable aggregation decreased as a result of tillage and arable cropping when compared with pasture, but were significantly greater under organic farming than under conventional farming. Total SOM contents between 0 and 20 cm depth amounted to 15, 24 and 46 g kg\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for the conventional arable, organic arable and permanent pasture fields, respectively. Although less sensitive to slaking than the conventionally managed field, the soil under organic farming was susceptible to compaction when high pressures were exerted on the soil under wet conditions. The beneficial effects of organic farming are generally associated with soil biochemical properties, but soil physical aspects should also be considered. Depending on soil type and climate, organic farmers need to be careful not to destroy the soil structure, so that they can enjoy maximum advantage from their organic farming systems.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "aggregation", "netherlands", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "arable farming", "fertilizer", "loam soils", "populations", "6. Clean water", "land", "cultivation", "13. Climate action", "organic farming", "manure", "soil organic matter", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compaction", "soil structure", "earthworm activity", "silt loam", "management"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00297.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2009-02-25", "title": "Effects Of Four Tillage Systems On Soil Structure And Soil Microbial Biomass In Organic Farming", "description": "Abstract<p>Tillage modifies soil structure and crop residue distribution and in turn affects the ability of soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms to degrade soil organic matter and release nutrients for crop growth. In organic farming, soil microbiological activity is of primary importance as nutrient supply is mainly dependent on the degradation of soil organic matter by soil micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organisms. The aim of this work was therefore to study, in organic farming, the effects of four tillage systems [mouldboard ploughing (MP), shallow mouldboard ploughing (SMP), reduced tillage (RT) and shallow soil tillage (ST)] on soil structure, soil microbial biomass (SMB) and its potential activity (Cmin) during the first year following the treatments. To study simultaneously the effects of soil structure modifications and crop residue distribution on SMB and Cmin, we adopted a sampling scheme based on a morphological description of soil profiles. We distinguished and sampled compacted and non\uffe2\uff80\uff90compacted clods (\uffce\uff94 and \uffce\uff93 clods) at three depths (0\uffe2\uff80\uff935, 5\uffe2\uff80\uff9315 and 15\uffe2\uff80\uff9330\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm). This method enabled us to have a precise estimation of the effects of tillage treatments on SMB and Cmin. MP reduced compacted zones and limited unfavourable conditions for microbial growth and enabled a homogenous distribution of SMB in the soil profile. At the opposite, the ST increased compacted zones in the soil profile and limited SMB development below the top few centimetres. The SMP and the RT systems appeared as intermediate techniques. RT seemed to be a conservation tillage technique which could be used in organic farming.</p>", "keywords": ["TILLAGE SYSTEMS", "2. Zero hunger", "SOIL STRUCTURE", "SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "ORGANIC FARMING", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "630"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2008.00176.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-02-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.15516", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-06", "title": "Imaging microstructure of the barley rhizosphere: particle packing and root hair influences", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Soil adjacent to roots has distinct structural and physical properties from bulk soil, affecting water and solute acquisition by plants. Detailed knowledge on how root activity and traits such as root hairs affect the three\uffe2\uff80\uff90dimensional pore structure at a fine scale is scarce and often contradictory.</p>  <p>Roots of hairless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Optic) mutant (NRH) and its wildtype (WT) parent were grown in tubes of sieved (&lt;250\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) sandy loam soil under two different water regimes. The tubes were scanned by synchrotron\uffe2\uff80\uff90based X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray computed tomography to visualise pore structure at the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93root interface. Pore volume fraction and pore size distribution were analysed vs distance within 1\uffc2\uffa0mm of the root surface.</p>  <p>Less dense packing of particles at the root surface was hypothesised to cause the observed increased pore volume fraction immediately next to the epidermis. The pore size distribution was narrower due to a decreased fraction of larger pores. There were no statistically significant differences in pore structure between genotypes or moisture conditions.</p>  <p>A model is proposed that describes the variation in porosity near roots taking into account soil compaction and the surface effect at the root surface.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["name=Physiology", "STABILIZATION", "Physiology", "EP/M020355/1", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Plant Science", "Supplementary data available", "Plant Roots", "630", "noninvasive imaging", "Soil", "646809DIMR", "STRENGTH", "BB/J00868/1", "Hordeum vulgare", "2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Rhizosphere", "COMPRESSION", "soil structure", "Porosity", "European Research Council", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1314", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "root hairs", "COMPACTION", "QH301", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "synchrotron", "particle packing", "SOIL-STRUCTURE", "BB/L025620/1", "WATER-STRESS", "NE/L00237/1", "580", "ELONGATION", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "POROSITY", "Water", "Hordeum", "15. Life on land", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Mutation", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "PENETRATION", "name=Plant Science", "rhizosphere", "Tomography", " X-Ray Computed", "MAIZE", "BB/P004180/1", "Synchrotrons", "BB/L025825/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/5489/1/AS6808504337817661539338801587_content_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15516"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15516"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.15516", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.15516", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.15516"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.14705", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:18:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-31", "title": "High\u2010resolution synchrotron imaging shows that root hairs influence rhizosphere soil structure formation", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>In this paper, we provide direct evidence of the importance of root hairs on pore structure development at the root\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interface during the early stage of crop establishment.</p>  <p>This was achieved by use of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution (c. 5\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) to visualise both the structure of root hairs and the soil pore structure in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil microcosms. Two contrasting genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare), with and without root hairs, were grown for 8\uffc2\uffa0d in microcosms packed with sandy loam soil at 1.2\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff923 dry bulk density. Root hairs were visualised within air\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled pore spaces, but not in the fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured soil regions.</p>  <p>We found that the genotype with root hairs significantly altered the porosity and connectivity of the detectable pore space (&gt;\uffc2\uffa05\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) in the rhizosphere, as compared with the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90hair mutants. Both genotypes showed decreasing pore space between 0.8 and 0.1\uffc2\uffa0mm from the root surface. Interestingly the root\uffe2\uff80\uff90hair\uffe2\uff80\uff90bearing genotype had a significantly greater soil pore volume\uffe2\uff80\uff90fraction at the root\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interface.</p>  <p>Effects of pore structure on diffusion and permeability were estimated to be functionally insignificant under saturated conditions when simulated using image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modelling.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["construction", "EP/M020355/1", "QH301 Biology", "non-invasive imaging", "Plant Roots", "630", "root hairs", "noninvasive imaging", "QH301", "Soil", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "646809DIMR", "synchrotron", "Computer Simulation", "BB/L025620/1", "BB/J00868/1", "NE/L00237/1", "Hordeum vulgare", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "Research", "Hordeum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "image-based modelling", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Rhizosphere", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "rhizosphere", "soil structure", "synchroton", "Porosity", "BB/P004180/1", "Synchrotrons", "BB/L025825/1", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/4981/1/Koebernick_et_al-2017-New_Phytologist.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/412143/1/s1_ln2680534218582232741703867393Hwf_1771574461IdV_16951475526805342FIRST_LOOK_PDF0001.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.14705"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14705"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.14705", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.14705", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.14705"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-29", "title": "Microplastic fibers affect dynamics and intensity of CO2 and N2O fluxes from soil differently", "description": "Abstract<p>Microplastics may affect soil ecosystem functioning in critical ways, with previously documented effects including changes in soil structure and water dynamics; this suggests that microbial populations and the processes they mediate could also be affected. Given the importance for global carbon and nitrogen cycle and greenhouse warming potential, we here experimentally examined potential effects of plastic microfiber additions on CO2 and N2O greenhouse gas fluxes. We carried out a fully factorial laboratory experiment with the factors presence of microplastic fibers (0.4% w/w) and addition of urea fertilizer (100\uffe2\uff80\uff89mg\uffe2\uff80\uff89N\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff891) using one target soil. The conditions in an intensively N-fertilized arable soil were simulated by adding biogas digestate at the beginning of the incubation to all samples. We continuously monitored CO2 and N2O emissions from soil before and after urea application using a custom-built flow-through steady-state system, and we assessed soil properties, including soil structure. Microplastics affected soil properties, notably increasing soil aggregate water-stability and pneumatic conductivity, and caused changes in the dynamics and overall level of emission of both gases, but in opposite directions: overall fluxes of CO2 were increased by microplastic presence, whereas N2O emission were decreased, a pattern that was intensified following urea addition. This divergent response is explained by effects of microplastic on soil structure, with the increased air permeability likely improving O2 supply: this will have stimulated CO2 production, since mineralization benefits from better aeration. Increased O2 would at the same time have inhibited denitrification, a process contributing to N2O emissions, thus likely explaining the decrease in the latter. Our results clearly suggest that microplastic consequences for greenhouse gas emissions should become an integral part of future impact assessments, and that to understand such responses, soil structure should be assessed.</p>", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Nitrous oxide", "500", "500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::500 Naturwissenschaften::500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik", "15. Life on land", "Greenhouse gas", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "Microplastic fibers", "13. Climate action", "Carbon dioxide", " soil structure", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Microplastics%20and%20Nanoplastics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0", "name": "item", "description": "10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1186/s43591-021-00004-0"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.17221/702/2012-pse", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:19:33Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-02-10", "title": "Effects Of Various Organic Materials On Soil Aggregate Stability And Soil Microbiological Properties On The Loess Plateau Of China", "description": "A field experiment was conducted to examine the influence of various organic materials on soil aggregate stability and soil microbiological properties on the Loess Plateau of China. The study involved seven treatments: no fertilizer (CK); inorganic N, P, K fertilizer (NPK); low amount of maize stalks plus NPK (LSNPK); medium amount of maize stalks plus NPK (MSNPK); high amount of maize stalks plus NPK (HSNPK); maize stalk compost plus NPK (CNPK); cattle manure plus NPK (MNPK). The organic fertilizer treatments improved soil aggregate stability and soil microbiological properties compared with CK and NPK treatments. Compared with the NPK treatment, soil treated with LSNPK had a significant increase of 27.1% in 5-3 mm dry aggregates. The &gt; 5 mm water stable aggregates treated with CNPK increased by 6.5% compared to the NPK. Soil microbial biomass C and N and urease activity were significantly increased in CNPK by 42.0, 54.6 and 19.8%, respectively. The study indicated that the variation trend in the amount of soil aggregate (0.5-5 mm) for organic fertilizer treatments was similar to the content of soil microbial carbon and nitrogen and soil enzyme activity. Considering the great availability of organic material, especially stalk compost in this region, application of organic materials is recommended to improve soil structure and fertility.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microbial biomass n", "maize stalk compost", "Plant culture", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "microbial biomass c", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "availability of organic material", "soil structure and fertility", "6. Clean water", "SB1-1110"], "contacts": [{"organization": "J. S. Zhang, J. N. Coffie, P. C. Gao, Yan\u2019an Tong, F. Wang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.17221/702/2012-pse"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Soil%20and%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.17221/702/2012-pse", "name": "item", "description": "10.17221/702/2012-pse", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.17221/702/2012-pse"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-04-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-10", "title": "From Real Soils to 3D-Printed Soils: Reproduction of Complex Pore Network at the Real Size in a Silty-Loam Soil", "description": "Pore complexity and micro-heterogeneity are pivotal in characterizing biogeochemical processes in soils. Recent advances in X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) allow the 3D soil morphology characterization of undisturbed samples, although its geometrical reproduction at very small spatial scales is still challenging. Here, by combining X-ray microCT with 3D multijet printing technology, we aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of 3D-printing soil structures at the original scale with a resolution of 80 \u03bcm and compare the hydraulic properties of original soil samples with those obtained from the soil-like prototypes. Results showed that soil-like prototypes were similar to the original samples in terms of total porosity and pore shape. By contrast the pore connectivity was reduced by incomplete wax removal from pore cavities after the 3D printing procedure. Encouraging results were also obtained in terms of hydraulic conductivity since measurements were successfully conducted on five out of six samples, showing positive correlation with experimental data. We are confident that future developments of 3D-printing technologies and of their combination with microCT will help to further the understanding of soil micro-heterogeneity and its effects on soil-water dynamics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Soil structure", " 3D Print; X-ray microtomography", " water permeability"], "contacts": [{"organization": "DAL FERRO, NICOLA, MORARI, FRANCESCO,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3188605/4/Dal%20Ferro_From%20real%20soils%20to%203D%20printed%20soils_2015.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097", "name": "item", "description": "10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/land14020376", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:20:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-02-11", "title": "Optimizing Tillage and Straw Management for Improved Soil Physical Properties and Yield", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>This study investigated the impact of conventional ploughing (CT), minimum multitiller tillage (MT), and reduced loosening tillage (RT), with and without straw mulch on Fluvisol properties and crop yields in Croatia over three years (2019\u20132021). While conservation tillage practices are well studied in arid regions, our study addresses the unique challenges and benefits of these practices in humid conditions. Plots treated with straw mulch (2.75 t/ha) showed significant improvements in soil physical properties compared to bare plots. Penetration resistance (PR) decreased under 3-year mulch application in all tillage systems, with a reduction of up to 28% compared to bare plots. Water-holding capacity (WHC) was significantly higher in mulched MT (52.4%) than in bare CT (41.6%). Aggregate stability increased by 15\u201320% under mulch, with the highest stability in MT plots. Soil organic matter (SOM) peaked in mulched MT in 2021, reaching 4.5%, compared to 3.6% in bare CT. Yield results varied by crop: soybean yield was unaffected by tillage treatment but increased by 21% under mulch in MT; maize yield was highest in RT without mulch (13.95 t/ha); and spring wheat yield significantly improved in mulched MT (3.83 t/ha), compared to bare plots (1.75 t/ha). These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of non-inversion tillage and straw mulch in enhancing soil quality and crop yields, offering a sustainable management strategy for Central European agroecosystems.</p></article>", "keywords": ["soil compaction", "conservation agriculture", "S", "grain yield", "conservation tillage", "Agriculture", "soil structure"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Luka Brezinscak, Igor Bogunovic,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/land14020376"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/land14020376", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/land14020376", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/land14020376"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-02-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:22:50Z", "type": "Dataset", "title": "Soil physicochemical properties for Diverfarming LT1 case study (diversified vegetable crops in spain)", "description": "Physicochemical soil properties of the long-term case study LT1 of Diverfarming H2020 project for diversified vegetables in southeast Spain. Includes data of the research article 'Changes in Bacterial and Fungal Soil Communities in Long-Term Organic Cropping Systems' ( https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050445)", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "vegetables", "Soil", "Soil organic carbon", "Crop diversification", "soil fertility", "horticulture", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "soil pesticides"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S\u00e1nchez-Navarro, Virginia, \u00d6zbolat, Onurcan, Mart\u00ednez-Mena, Mar\u00eda, Boix-Fayos, Carolina, D\u00edaz-Pereira, Elvira, Cuartero, Jessica, Pascual, Jose Antonio, Ros, Margarita, Egea-Cortines, Marcos, Belmonte, Ra\u00fal Zornoza,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4765528"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "name": "item", "description": "10.5281/zenodo.4765528", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5281/zenodo.4765528"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10261/395214", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:03Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-03-11", "title": "Long\u2010Term Application of No\u2010Tillage\u2010Induced Greater Risk of Poor Topsoil Aeration Along a European Pedoclimatic Gradient", "description": "ABSTRACT                   <p>                     This paper assesses the effect of long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term contrasting tillage practices on topsoil structural characteristics critical for nitrous oxide (N                     2                     O) emissions and carbon sequestration across a pedoclimatic gradient. The hypotheses tested are that: (i) aeration is greater in the topsoil of ploughed (to 0.20\uffe2\uff80\uff930.30\uffe2\uff80\uff89m depth) than in no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till soils and (ii) the effect of tillage practice on soil functionality depends on the context, and thus varies between sites with different pedoclimatic conditions. We evaluated the topsoil characteristics of seven long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term tillage experiments, spread along a 2600\uffe2\uff80\uff90km transect in Europe. A total of 576 soil cores (100\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm                     3                     ) were sampled from 0 to 0.10 and 0.10 to 0.20\uffe2\uff80\uff89m depths in mouldboard\uffe2\uff80\uff90ploughed and no\uffe2\uff80\uff90tillage treatments after harvest. The soil water content at \uffe2\uff88\uff9230, \uffe2\uff88\uff9260, and \uffe2\uff88\uff92100\uffe2\uff80\uff89hPa matric potential was measured as well as air permeability (                     k                                            a                                          ) and relative gas diffusivity (                     D                                            s                                          /D                     o                     ) at \uffe2\uff88\uff92100\uffe2\uff80\uff89hPa, from which soil bulk and gas transport characteristics were derived. Despite large variations in the characteristics among sites, tillage did significantly affect the characteristics across sites. The degree of compactness was less\uffc2\uffa0and total pore volume was greater\uffc2\uffa0in the ploughed than in the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till treatments. Still, thresholds indicating suitable conditions for root growth were largely met under both practices. The ploughed soils showed vertical stratification, with a better aeration of the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.10\uffe2\uff80\uff89m soil layer compared to the 0.10\uffe2\uff80\uff930.20\uffe2\uff80\uff89m layer. No differences were observed between the ploughed 0.10\uffe2\uff80\uff930.20\uffe2\uff80\uff89m and no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till layers, which were attributed to soil settlement after ploughing. While the                     D                     s                     /D                     o                     at 0.10\uffe2\uff80\uff930.20\uffe2\uff80\uff89m depth was favourable for promoting N                     2                     O emissions, the water\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled pore space was below suggested thresholds. Impacts of tillage on soil structural and functional characteristics were both significant and generalisable but also deviated locally. For example,                     D                                            s                                          /D                                            o                                          and                     k                                            a                                          generally increased with the air\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled pore volume (                     \uffce\uffb5                                            a                                          ), yet sites with greater                     \uffce\uffb5                                            a                                          did not necessarily have higher                     D                     s                     /D                     o                     and                     k                     a                     . Existing models explaining                     D                     s                     /D                     o                     and                     k                                            a                                          with                     \uffce\uffb5                                            a                                          were fitted to the measured data and performed best when both depths and tillage practices were assessed altogether. Despite the limited differences at \uffe2\uff88\uff92100\uffe2\uff80\uff89hPa, anoxic conditions may in reality prevail for a longer period under no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till than ploughing.                   </p", "keywords": ["long-term agricultural field experiments", "Gas diffusivity", "gas diffusivity", "Long-term agricultural field experiments", "Soil structure", "soil gas transport", "tillage", "Soil gas transport", "soil structure", "Tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10261/395214"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10261/395214", "name": "item", "description": "10261/395214", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10261/395214"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7717/peerj.10707", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:23:48Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-15", "title": "KEYLINK: towards a more integrative soil representation for inclusion in ecosystem scale models\u2014II: model description, implementation and testing", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>New knowledge on soil structure highlights its importance for hydrology and soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization, which however remains neglected in many wide used models. We present here a new model, KEYLINK, in which soil structure is integrated with the existing concepts on SOM pools, and elements from food web models, that is, those from direct trophic interactions among soil organisms. KEYLINK is, therefore, an attempt to integrate soil functional diversity and food webs in predictions of soil carbon (C) and soil water balances. We present a selection of equations that can be used for most models as well as basic parameter intervals, for example, key pools, functional groups\u2019 biomasses and growth rates. Parameter distributions can be determined with Bayesian calibration, and here an example is presented for food web growth rate parameters for a pine forest in Belgium. We show how these added equations can improve the functioning of the model in describing known phenomena. For this, five test cases are given as simulation examples: changing the input litter quality (recalcitrance and carbon to nitrogen ratio), excluding predators, increasing pH and changing initial soil porosity. These results overall show how KEYLINK is able to simulate the known effects of these parameters and can simulate the linked effects of biopore formation, hydrology and aggregation on soil functioning. Furthermore, the results show an important trophic cascade effect of predation on the complete C cycle with repercussions on the soil structure as ecosystem engineers are predated, and on SOM turnover when predation on fungivore and bacterivore populations are reduced. In summary, KEYLINK shows how soil functional diversity and trophic organization and their role in C and water cycling in soils should be considered in order to improve our predictions on C sequestration and C emissions from soils.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Soil matrix", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Root Water Uptake", "Trophic cascades", "Ecosystem models", "Computational Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil food web", "13. Climate action", "Growth rates", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem engineering", "Predator exclusion", "Hydrology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peerj.com/articles/10707.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10707"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7717/peerj.10707", "name": "item", "description": "10.7717/peerj.10707", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7717/peerj.10707"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10067/1760850151162165141", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:23:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-15", "title": "KEYLINK: towards a more integrative soil representation for inclusion in ecosystem scale models\u2014II: model description, implementation and testing", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>New knowledge on soil structure highlights its importance for hydrology and soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization, which however remains neglected in many wide used models. We present here a new model, KEYLINK, in which soil structure is integrated with the existing concepts on SOM pools, and elements from food web models, that is, those from direct trophic interactions among soil organisms. KEYLINK is, therefore, an attempt to integrate soil functional diversity and food webs in predictions of soil carbon (C) and soil water balances. We present a selection of equations that can be used for most models as well as basic parameter intervals, for example, key pools, functional groups\u2019 biomasses and growth rates. Parameter distributions can be determined with Bayesian calibration, and here an example is presented for food web growth rate parameters for a pine forest in Belgium. We show how these added equations can improve the functioning of the model in describing known phenomena. For this, five test cases are given as simulation examples: changing the input litter quality (recalcitrance and carbon to nitrogen ratio), excluding predators, increasing pH and changing initial soil porosity. These results overall show how KEYLINK is able to simulate the known effects of these parameters and can simulate the linked effects of biopore formation, hydrology and aggregation on soil functioning. Furthermore, the results show an important trophic cascade effect of predation on the complete C cycle with repercussions on the soil structure as ecosystem engineers are predated, and on SOM turnover when predation on fungivore and bacterivore populations are reduced. In summary, KEYLINK shows how soil functional diversity and trophic organization and their role in C and water cycling in soils should be considered in order to improve our predictions on C sequestration and C emissions from soils.</p></article>", "keywords": ["Soil matrix", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Root Water Uptake", "Trophic cascades", "Ecosystem models", "Computational Biology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil food web", "13. Climate action", "Growth rates", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ecosystem engineering", "Predator exclusion", "Hydrology", "Engineering sciences. Technology", "info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://peerj.com/articles/10707.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10067/1760850151162165141"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PeerJ", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10067/1760850151162165141", "name": "item", "description": "10067/1760850151162165141", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10067/1760850151162165141"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-01-15T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10953/4143", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-09-11", "title": "Correlation of banana productivity levels and soil morphological properties using regularized optimal scaling regression", "description": "Soil morphological properties described in the field, such as texture, consistence or structure, provide a valuable tool for the evaluation of soil productivity potential. In this study, we developed a regression model between the soil morphological variables of banana plantations and a crop Productivity Index (PI) previously developed for the same areas in Venezuela. For this, we implemented categorical regression, an optimal scaling procedure in which the morphological variables are transformed into a numerical scale, and can thus be entered in a multiple regression analysis. The model was developed from data from six plantations growing \u201cGran Nain\u201d bananas, each with two productivity levels (high and low), in two 4-ha experimental plots, one for each productivity level. Sixty-three A horizons in thirty-six soils were described using 15 field morphological variables on a nominal scale for structure type, texture and hue, and an ordinal scale for the rest (structure grade, structure size, wet and dry consistence, stickiness, plasticity, moist value, chroma, root abundance, root size, biological activity and reaction to HCl). The optimum model selected included biological activity, texture, dry consistence, reaction to HCl and structure type variables. These variables explained the PI with an R2 of 0.599, an expected prediction error (EPE) of 0.645 and a standard error (SE) of 0.135 using bootstrapping, and EPE of 0.662 with a SE of 0.236 using 10-fold cross validation. Our study showed how soil quality is clearly related to productivity on commercial banana plantations, and developed a way to correlate soil quality indicators to yield by using indicators based on easily measured soil morphological parameters. The methodology used in this study might be further expanded to other banana-producing areas to help identify the soils most suitable for its cultivation, thereby enhancing its environmental sustainability and profitability.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines", "63 Agricultura.", "Biological activity", "Biological activities", "63 Agricultura", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "55 Geolog\u00eda y ciencias afines.", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Dry consistence", "Sustainability", "Qualitative soil indicators", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Texture", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10953/4143"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10953/4143", "name": "item", "description": "10953/4143", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10953/4143"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11577/3188605", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-07-10", "title": "From Real Soils to 3D-Printed Soils: Reproduction of Complex Pore Network at the Real Size in a Silty-Loam Soil", "description": "Pore complexity and micro-heterogeneity are pivotal in characterizing biogeochemical processes in soils. Recent advances in X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) allow the 3D soil morphology characterization of undisturbed samples, although its geometrical reproduction at very small spatial scales is still challenging. Here, by combining X-ray microCT with 3D multijet printing technology, we aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of 3D-printing soil structures at the original scale with a resolution of 80 \u03bcm and compare the hydraulic properties of original soil samples with those obtained from the soil-like prototypes. Results showed that soil-like prototypes were similar to the original samples in terms of total porosity and pore shape. By contrast the pore connectivity was reduced by incomplete wax removal from pore cavities after the 3D printing procedure. Encouraging results were also obtained in terms of hydraulic conductivity since measurements were successfully conducted on five out of six samples, showing positive correlation with experimental data. We are confident that future developments of 3D-printing technologies and of their combination with microCT will help to further the understanding of soil micro-heterogeneity and its effects on soil-water dynamics.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "Soil structure", " 3D Print; X-ray microtomography", " water permeability"], "contacts": [{"organization": "DAL FERRO, NICOLA, MORARI, FRANCESCO,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3188605/4/Dal%20Ferro_From%20real%20soils%20to%203D%20printed%20soils_2015.pdf"}, {"href": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.2136/sssaj2015.03.0097/fullpdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11577/3188605"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Science%20Society%20of%20America%20Journal", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11577/3188605", "name": "item", "description": "11577/3188605", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11577/3188605"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "11577/3291713", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-11-15", "title": "Effect of long-term irrigation and tillage practices on X-ray CT and gas transport derived pore-network characteristics", "description": "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><article><p>The gas transport parameters, diffusivity and air-filled porosity are crucial for soil aeration, microbial activity and greenhouse gas emission, and directly depend on soil structure. In this study, we analysed the effect of long-term tillage and irrigation practices on the surface structure of an arable soil in New Zealand. Our hypothesis was that topsoil structure would change under intensification of arable production, affecting gas exchange. Intact soil cores were collected from plots under intensive tillage (IT) and direct drill (DD), irrigated or rainfed. In total, 32 cores were scanned by X-ray computed tomography (CT) to derive the pore network &amp;gt;30 \u00b5m. The cores were then used to measure soil-gas diffusivity, air-permeability and air-filled porosity of pores close to the resolution of the X-ray CT scans, namely =30 \u00b5m. The gas measurements allow the calculation of pore-network connectivity and tortuosity parameters, which were compared with the CT-derived structural characteristics. Long-term irrigation had little effect on any of the parameters analysed. Total porosity tended to be lower under IT than DD, whereas the CT-derived porosity was comparable. Both the CT-derived mean pore diameter (MPD) and other morphological parameters, as well as gas measurement-derived parameters, highlighted a less developed structure under IT. The differences in the functional pore-network structure were attributed to SOC depletion and the mechanical disturbance through IT. Significant correlations between CT-derived parameters and functional gas transport parameters such as tortuosity and MPD were found, which suggest that X-ray CT could be useful in the prediction of gas transport.</p></article>", "keywords": ["AGRICULTURE", "soil structure.", "P-parameter", "Soil structure", "carbon depletion", "MANAGEMENT", "COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY", "PERMEABILITY", "CONSERVATION TILLAGE", "Dexter index", "Intensive tillage", "SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON", "carbon depletion; Dexter index; intensive tillage; P -parameter; soil organic carbon; soil structure.; Environmental Science (miscellaneous); Soil Science; Earth-Surface Processes", "P -parameter", "LOAM SOIL", "Soil organic carbon", "POROSITY", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil organic carbon", "NO-TILL", "NITROGEN", "[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Carbon depletion", "soil structure", "intensive tillage"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.publish.csiro.au/SR/pdf/SR18210"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/11577/3291713"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "11577/3291713", "name": "item", "description": "11577/3291713", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/11577/3291713"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2034733356", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-04-27", "title": "Application of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and pore morphologic model to predict saturated water conductivity from X-ray CT imaging in a silty loam Cambisol", "description": "20 This study aims to estimate saturated hydraulic conductivity in a silty loam soil and compare modelled data with 21 experimental ones. The flow characteristics of twelve undisturbed soil cores (5 cm in diameter \u00d7 6 cm high) were 22 measured in the laboratory after performing X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) analysis. MicroCT 3D 23 imaging was integrated with an existing pore morphologic model and a numerical simulation based on mesh-24 free smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to calculate the water flow through the macropore network 25 (pores N 40 \u03bcm). Results showed that the proposed SPH method was able to predict hydraulic conductivity of 26 large-sized samples as falling in the range of the experimental ones. By contrast the morphologic model generally 27 underestimated the water flow and was slightly affected by the pore shape. Increasing microCT imaging resolu-28 tion and expanding the variability with other soil types will improve the understanding of the role of micropore 29 size and morphology on water conductivity. 30", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "550", "[ SDV.SA.SDS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0207 environmental engineering", "600", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "Pore size distribution", "[ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering", "Saturated hydraulic conductivity", "Soil structure", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "[ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "X-ray computed microtomography"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2034733356"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2034733356", "name": "item", "description": "2034733356", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2034733356"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/11950", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-10-06", "title": "Imaging microstructure of the barley rhizosphere: particle packing and root hair influences", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>Soil adjacent to roots has distinct structural and physical properties from bulk soil, affecting water and solute acquisition by plants. Detailed knowledge on how root activity and traits such as root hairs affect the three\uffe2\uff80\uff90dimensional pore structure at a fine scale is scarce and often contradictory.</p>  <p>Roots of hairless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Optic) mutant (NRH) and its wildtype (WT) parent were grown in tubes of sieved (&lt;250\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) sandy loam soil under two different water regimes. The tubes were scanned by synchrotron\uffe2\uff80\uff90based X\uffe2\uff80\uff90ray computed tomography to visualise pore structure at the soil\uffe2\uff80\uff93root interface. Pore volume fraction and pore size distribution were analysed vs distance within 1\uffc2\uffa0mm of the root surface.</p>  <p>Less dense packing of particles at the root surface was hypothesised to cause the observed increased pore volume fraction immediately next to the epidermis. The pore size distribution was narrower due to a decreased fraction of larger pores. There were no statistically significant differences in pore structure between genotypes or moisture conditions.</p>  <p>A model is proposed that describes the variation in porosity near roots taking into account soil compaction and the surface effect at the root surface.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["name=Physiology", "STABILIZATION", "Physiology", "EP/M020355/1", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Plant Science", "Supplementary data available", "Plant Roots", "630", "noninvasive imaging", "Soil", "646809DIMR", "STRENGTH", "BB/J00868/1", "Hordeum vulgare", "2. Zero hunger", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Rhizosphere", "COMPRESSION", "soil structure", "Porosity", "European Research Council", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1314", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "root hairs", "COMPACTION", "QH301", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "synchrotron", "particle packing", "SOIL-STRUCTURE", "BB/L025620/1", "WATER-STRESS", "NE/L00237/1", "580", "ELONGATION", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "POROSITY", "Water", "Hordeum", "15. Life on land", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Mutation", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "PENETRATION", "name=Plant Science", "rhizosphere", "Tomography", " X-Ray Computed", "MAIZE", "BB/P004180/1", "Synchrotrons", "BB/L025825/1"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/5489/1/AS6808504337817661539338801587_content_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.15516"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/11950"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/11950", "name": "item", "description": "2164/11950", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/11950"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-11-20T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/19751", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-11", "title": "Impact of root hairs on microscale soil physical properties in the field", "description": "Abstract                  Aims                 <p>Recent laboratory studies revealed that root hairs may alter soil physical behaviour, influencing soil porosity and water retention on the small scale. However, the results are not consistent, and it is not known if structural changes at the small-scale have impacts at larger scales. Therefore, we evaluated the potential effects of root hairs on soil hydro-mechanical properties in the field using rhizosphere-scale physical measurements.</p>                                Methods                 <p>Changes in soil water retention properties as well as mechanical and hydraulic characteristics were monitored in both silt loam and sandy loam soils. Measurements were taken from plant establishment to harvesting in field trials, comparing three barley genotypes representing distinct phenotypic categories in relation to root hair length. Soil hardness and elasticity were measured using a 3-mm-diameter spherical indenter, while water sorptivity and repellency were measured using a miniaturized infiltrometer with a 0.4-mm tip radius.</p>                                Results                 <p>Over the growing season, plants induced changes in the soil water retention properties, with the plant available water increasing by 21%. Both soil hardness (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.031) and elasticity (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.048) decreased significantly in the presence of root hairs in silt loam soil, by 50% and 36%, respectively. Root hairs also led to significantly smaller water repellency (P\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff890.007) in sandy loam soil vegetated with the hairy genotype (-49%) compared to the hairless mutant.</p>                                Conclusions                 <p>Breeding of cash crops for improved soil conditions could be achieved by selecting root phenotypes that ameliorate soil physical properties and therefore contribute to increased soil health.</p>", "keywords": ["/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1111", "0106 biological sciences", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110", "Soil Science", "Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services (RESAS)", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "630", "QH301", "BBSRC BB/L025825/1", "Barley", "Soil health", "Soil structure", "Root hairs", "Soil hydromechanical properties", "BB/L025620/1", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "name=Soil Science", "ERCDMR-646809", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Soil water retention", "BBSRC BB/J00868/1", "6. Clean water", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Other", "name=Plant Science", "Research Article"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/484590/2/s11104_022_05530_1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05530-1.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/19751"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/19751", "name": "item", "description": "2164/19751", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/19751"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2164/9249", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:24:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-07-31", "title": "High\u2010resolution synchrotron imaging shows that root hairs influence rhizosphere soil structure formation", "description": "Summary<p>   <p>In this paper, we provide direct evidence of the importance of root hairs on pore structure development at the root\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interface during the early stage of crop establishment.</p>  <p>This was achieved by use of high\uffe2\uff80\uff90resolution (c. 5\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) to visualise both the structure of root hairs and the soil pore structure in plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil microcosms. Two contrasting genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare), with and without root hairs, were grown for 8\uffc2\uffa0d in microcosms packed with sandy loam soil at 1.2\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0cm\uffe2\uff88\uff923 dry bulk density. Root hairs were visualised within air\uffe2\uff80\uff90filled pore spaces, but not in the fine\uffe2\uff80\uff90textured soil regions.</p>  <p>We found that the genotype with root hairs significantly altered the porosity and connectivity of the detectable pore space (&gt;\uffc2\uffa05\uffc2\uffa0\uffce\uffbcm) in the rhizosphere, as compared with the no\uffe2\uff80\uff90hair mutants. Both genotypes showed decreasing pore space between 0.8 and 0.1\uffc2\uffa0mm from the root surface. Interestingly the root\uffe2\uff80\uff90hair\uffe2\uff80\uff90bearing genotype had a significantly greater soil pore volume\uffe2\uff80\uff90fraction at the root\uffe2\uff80\uff93soil interface.</p>  <p>Effects of pore structure on diffusion and permeability were estimated to be functionally insignificant under saturated conditions when simulated using image\uffe2\uff80\uff90based modelling.</p>  </p", "keywords": ["construction", "EP/M020355/1", "QH301 Biology", "non-invasive imaging", "Plant Roots", "630", "root hairs", "noninvasive imaging", "QH301", "Soil", "Imaging", " Three-Dimensional", "646809DIMR", "synchrotron", "Computer Simulation", "BB/L025620/1", "BB/J00868/1", "NE/L00237/1", "Hordeum vulgare", "580", "2. Zero hunger", "Civil_env_eng", "Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)", "Research", "Hordeum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "image-based modelling", "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)", "Rhizosphere", "Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "rhizosphere", "soil structure", "synchroton", "Porosity", "BB/P004180/1", "Synchrotrons", "BB/L025825/1", "European Research Council"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/4981/1/Koebernick_et_al-2017-New_Phytologist.pdf"}, {"href": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/412143/1/s1_ln2680534218582232741703867393Hwf_1771574461IdV_16951475526805342FIRST_LOOK_PDF0001.pdf"}, {"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.14705"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/2164/9249"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2164/9249", "name": "item", "description": "2164/9249", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2164/9249"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-07-31T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "2766336887", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:25:01Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-11-06", "title": "Characterising and linking X-ray CT derived macroporosity parameters to infiltration in soils with contrasting structures", "description": "<p>Soils deliver the regulating ecosystem services of water infiltration and distribution, which can be controlled by macropores. Parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties is challenging due to the lack of direct measurement methods. With tension-disc infiltrometry hydraulic properties near saturation can be measured. Differentiating between hydrologically active and non-active pores, at a given water potential, indirectly assesses macropore continuity. Water flow through macropores is controlled by macropore size distribution, tortuosity, and connectivity, which can be directly derived by X-ray computed tomography (CT). Our objective was to parameterize macropore hydraulic properties based on the imaged macropore network of three horizons of an Andosol and a Gleysol. Hydraulic conductivity K <sub>unsat</sub> was derived from infiltration measurements. Soil cores from the infiltration areas were scanned with X-ray CT. K <sub>unsat</sub> was significantly higher in the Andosol than in the Gleysol at all water potentials, and decreased significantly with depth in both soils. The in situ measurements guided the definition of new macroporosity parameters from the X-ray CT reconstructions. For the Andosol, K <sub>unsat</sub> was best predicted using the imaged-limited macroporosity. A low total macroporosity, coupled with a high macropore density, indicated the abundance of smaller macropores, leading to homogeneous matrix flux. Imaged macropores were not well connected. In contrast, the Gleysol had a bi-modal macropore system with few very large, but well-connected macropores. K <sub>unsat</sub> was best predicted using the imaged macroporosity consisting only of macropores with diameters between 0.75 and 3 mm. Our research demonstrates that linking traditional soil physical measurements with soil-visualization techniques has a huge potential to improve parameterizing macropore hydraulic properties. The relevance of the relationships found in this study for larger scales and other soil types still needs to be tested, for example by a multi-scale investigation including a much wider range of different soils. </p>", "keywords": ["[SDE] Environmental Sciences", "Hydraulic parameters", "0207 environmental engineering", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Image analysis", "Tension disc in\ufb01ltrometr", "Tension disc infiltrometry", "Pore network", "13. Climate action", "Soil structure", "[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/2766336887"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "2766336887", "name": "item", "description": "2766336887", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2766336887"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3185781792", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:25:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-07-27", "title": "A holistic perspective on soil architecture is needed as a key to soil functions", "description": "Abstract<p>Soil functions, including climate regulation and the cycling of water and nutrients, are of central importance for a number of environmental issues of great societal concern. To understand and manage these functions, it is crucial to be able to quantify the structure of soils, now increasingly referred to as their \uffe2\uff80\uff9carchitecture,\uffe2\uff80\uff9d as it constraints the physical, chemical and biological processes in soils. This quantification was traditionally approached from two different angles, one focused on aggregates of the solid phase, and the other on the pore space. The recent development of sophisticated, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90disturbing imaging techniques has led to significant progress in the description of soil architecture, in terms of both the pore space and the spatial configuration of mineral and organic materials. We now have direct access to virtually all aspects of soil architecture. In the present article, we review how this affects the perception of soil architecture specifically when trying to describe the functions of soils. A key conclusion of our analysis is that soil architecture, in that context, imperatively needs to be explored in its natural state, with as little disturbance as possible. The same requirement applies to the key processes taking place in the hierarchical soil pore network, including those contributing to the emergence of a heterogeneous organo\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineral soil matrix by various mixing processes, such as bioturbation, diffusion, microbial metabolism and organo\uffe2\uff80\uff90mineral interactions. Artificially isolated aggregates are fundamentally inappropriate for deriving conclusions about the functioning of an intact soil. To fully account for soil functions, we argue that a holistic approach that centres on the pore space is mandatory while the dismantlement of soils into chunks may still be carried out to study the binding of soil solid components. In the future, significant progress is expected along this holistic direction, as new, advanced technologies become available.</p>Highlights<p><p>We highlight the crucial importance of the temporal dynamics of soil architecture for biological activity and carbon turnover.</p><p>We reconcile controversial concepts relative to how soil architecture is formed and reshaped with time.</p><p>Soil is demonstrated to be a heterogeneous porous matrix and not an assembly of aggregates.</p><p>Biological and physical mixing processes are key for the formation and dynamics of soil architecture.</p></p", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "570", "aggregation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "910", "soil functions", "15. Life on land", "630", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "bioturbation", "soil mechanics", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil structure", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "organic matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ejss.13152"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/3185781792"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Soil%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3185781792", "name": "item", "description": "3185781792", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3185781792"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-08-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3025871252", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-29T16:25:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-20", "title": "Soil Structural Shifts Caused by Land Management Practices", "description": "Long-term agricultural practices have been shown to affect soil hydro-physical properties in multiple ways. They affect the stability and distribution of soil aggregates leading to changes in water retention, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity. Aggregate stability is an indicator of the resilience of aggregates to external forces. Unstable aggregates can change rapidly under different land management practices and meteorological conditions. \u039cacro-aggregates (>250 \u03bcm) are formed more rapidly and are often more sensitive to management changes. Here, four different long-term experiments, run by the SoilCare Horizon 2020 Project partners, were sampled and analyzed, in order to evaluate the impact of different agricultural management practices in the water stability of soil aggregates and the fractions distribution. Different experiments selected, include control-conventional treatment and different treatments, which are considered soil improving. The treatments are about soil cultivation (conventional ploughing-control, zero tillage, minimum tillage, strip tillage, shallow tillage) and organic input (mineral fertilization-control, residue incorporation, farmyard manure) and are selected in areas with different climatic and soil conditions. Initial results indicate that treatments with less soil disturbance present more water stable aggregates (WSA) >250 \u03bcm and higher mean weight diameters (MWD), as well as the same trend following the treatments with increased organic input. According to Tukey\u2019s Honest Significance test (<i>p</i> < 0.05), management practices are shown to have a significant impact on the WSA and MWD in most cases, but not all similar treatments in the different areas present the same results. The large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) seem to be greatly sensitive to soil cultivation, whereas the results for the small macro-aggregates (250 \u03bcm\u20132 mm) are controversial among the different tillage experiments. The different organic inputs seems to affect more the small macro-aggregates than the larger. The initial results indicate that the shifts in the soil structure cannot only be justified by the different management practices. The interrelationships and potential links with other soil properties like texture, bulk density, particulate organic matter and climate will be taken into account in further steps in order to understand the mechanisms behind the aggregation shifts.", "keywords": ["long-term experiments", "2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "soil cultivation", "A", "aggregates", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "soil structure", "SoilCare", "General Works", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jan Diels, Ioanna Panagea, Guido Wyseure,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/3025871252"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/TERRAenVISION%202019", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3025871252", "name": "item", "description": "3025871252", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3025871252"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-05-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "39163941", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-29T16:25:42Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-08-18", "title": "Benchmarking soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration provides more robust soil health assessment than the SOC/clay ratio at European scale", "description": "Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) confers benefits to soil health, biodiversity, underpins carbon sequestration and ameliorates land degradation. One recommendation is to increase SOC such that the SOC to clay ratio (SOC/clay) exceeds 1/13, yet normalising SOC levels based on clay alone gives misleading indications of soil structure and the potential to store additional carbon. Building on work by Poeplau & Don (2023) to benchmark observed against predicted SOC, we advance an alternative indicator: the ratio between observed and 'typical' SOC (O/T SOC) for pan-European application. Here, 'typical' SOC is the average concentration in different pedo-climate zones, PCZs (which, unlike existing SOC indicators, incorporate land cover and climate, alongside soil texture) across Europe, determined from mineral (<20\u00a0% organic matter) topsoils (0-20\u00a0cm) sampled during 2009-2018 in LUCAS, Europe's largest soil monitoring scheme (n\u00a0=\u00a019,855). Regression tree modelling derived 12 PCZs, with typical SOC values ranging 5.99-39.65\u00a0g\u00a0kg-1. New index classes for comparison with SOC/clay grades were established from the quartiles of each PCZ's O/T SOC distribution; these were termed: 'Low' (below the 25th percentile), 'Intermediate' (between the 25th and 50th percentiles), 'High' (between the 50th and 75th percentiles), and 'Very high' (above the 75th percentile). Compared with SOC/clay, O/T SOC was less sensitive to clay content, land cover, and climate, less geographically skewed, and better reflected differences in soil porosity and SOC stock, supporting 2 EU Soil Health Mission objectives (consolidating SOC stocks; improving soil structure for crops and biota). These patterns held for 2 independent datasets, and O/T SOC grades were sensitive enough to reflect land management differences across several long-term field experiments. O/T SOC used in conjunction with several other physical, chemical and biological soil health indicators can help support the EU Soil Monitoring Law and achieve several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.", "keywords": ["soil monitoring", "pedo-climate zones", "clay", "soil carbon", "soil structure", "sustainable development goals"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/39163941"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "39163941", "name": "item", "description": "39163941", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/39163941"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "3f4edc8b-18ae-4da1-9ac3-7d6a8b6ca9be", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-0.63, 42.55], [-0.63, 53.15], [18.14, 53.15], [18.14, 42.55], [-0.63, 42.55]]]}, "properties": {"license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-09-25", "type": "Service", "created": "2023-09-06", "language": "eng", "title": "WMS Service of the dataset 'A soil structure atlas. Computed tomography of arable soils to assess soil structure.  - How can the farmer optimise the soil structure to withstand extreme weather conditions ?'", "description": "This AGIS Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'AGIS Map Service of the dataset 'A soil structure atlas. Computed tomography of arable soils to assess soil structure.  - How can the farmer optimise the soil structure to withstand extreme weather conditions ?''", "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "Soil", "soil structure", "tillage", "sandy soils", "clay", "clay soils", "loess soils", "crop rotation", "Europe"], "contacts": [{"name": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "organization": "ZALF", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - Workgroup Research Data Management", "roles": ["publisher"], "phones": [{"value": "+49 33432 82 300"}], "emails": [{"value": "dataservice@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": ["Eberswalder Strasse 84"], "city": "M\u00fcncheberg", "administrativeArea": "Brandenburg", "postalCode": "15374", "country": "Germany"}], "links": [{"href": null}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mjoschko@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Monika Joschko", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "mjoschko@zalf.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": null, "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4160-1481", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research", "roles": ["contributor"]}], "themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "infoMapAccessService"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}, {"id": "soil structure"}, {"id": "tillage"}, {"id": "sandy soils"}, {"id": "clay"}, {"id": "clay soils"}, {"id": "loess soils"}, {"id": "crop rotation"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/mapapps/resources/apps/bonares/index.html?lang=en&mid=94e63417-46ad-4fa5-89f0-99452c165c57", "rel": "information"}, {"href": "https://maps.bonares.de/wss/service/ags-relay/ags/guest/arcgis/rest/services/Zalf/ID_4317_Gefuegeatlas/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "3f4edc8b-18ae-4da1-9ac3-7d6a8b6ca9be", "name": "item", "description": "3f4edc8b-18ae-4da1-9ac3-7d6a8b6ca9be", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/3f4edc8b-18ae-4da1-9ac3-7d6a8b6ca9be"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-25T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "70304e68-c369-4c1b-8d54-79f48bc182c4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.18, 50.88], [9.18, 52.41], [10.96, 52.41], [10.96, 50.88], [9.18, 50.88]]]}, "properties": {"rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-04-17", "type": "Service", "created": "2023-06-16", "language": "eng", "title": "Web Map Service of the dataset 'Influence of crop rotational position on soil structure under and rooting of winter wheat'", "description": "This WMS  Map Service includes spatial information used by datasets 'Web Map Service of the dataset 'Influence of crop rotational position on soil structure under and rooting of winter wheat''", "formats": [{"name": "CSV"}], "keywords": ["infoMapAccessService", "winter wheat", "roots", "root growth", "crop rotation", "soil structure", "yield", "biomass", "n uptake", "soil mineral N content", "Soil", "Soil"], "contacts": [{"name": "Jessica Arnhold", "organization": "Institut f\u00fcr Zuckerr\u00fcbenforschung, Pflanzenbau, An-Institut Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["author"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "arnhold@ifz-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://orcid.org", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-4338-0459", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "Dr. Heinz-Josef Koch", "organization": "Institut f\u00fcr Zuckerr\u00fcbenforschung, Pflanzenbau, An-Institut Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen", "position": null, "roles": ["projectLeader"], "phones": [{"value": null}], "emails": [{"value": "koch@ifz-goettingen.de"}], "addresses": [{"deliveryPoint": [null], "city": null, "administrativeArea": null, "postalCode": null, "country": null}], "links": [{"href": {"url": "https://orcid.org", "protocol": null, "protocol_url": "", "name": "0000-0002-8270-7434", "name_url": "", "description": "ORCID", "description_url": "", "applicationprofile": null, "applicationprofile_url": "", "function": null}}]}, {"name": "BonaRes Data Center", "organization": "Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)", "position": "Research Platform 'Data Analysis & Simulation' - 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In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant\uffe2\uff80\uff93microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades.</p", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION", "PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA", "Plant-plant interaction", "Rhizobiome", "MEDIATED PH CHANGES", "Review Article", "Plant health", "MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE", "12. Responsible consumption", "03 medical and health sciences", "Soil health", "Soil structure", "C sequestration", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "SDG 2 \u2013 Kein Hunger", "106026 Ecosystem research", "Plant nutrition", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Water availability", "Root exudation", "JASMONIC ACID", "15. Life on land", "Microbes", "Intercropping", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "PLANT-GROWTH", "13. Climate action", "ROOT BORDER CELLS", "SDG 13 \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen zum Klimaschutz", "C cycling", "INNATE IMMUNITY", "NITROGEN-FIXATION", "ORGANIC-ACIDS"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/PMC9579094"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "PMC9579094", "name": "item", "description": "PMC9579094", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/PMC9579094"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-22T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "fe5705b2-0944-4835-992e-779012a5e201", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[9.05, 50.46], [9.05, 52.61], [11.57, 52.61], [11.57, 50.46], [9.05, 50.46]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Soil"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "winter wheat"}, {"id": "roots"}, {"id": "root growth"}, {"id": "crop rotation"}, {"id": "soil structure"}, {"id": "yield"}, {"id": "biomass"}, {"id": "n uptake"}, {"id": "soil mineral N content"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Boden"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - RhizoWheat and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-09-27", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-06-16", "language": "eng", "title": "Influence of crop rotational position on soil structure under and rooting of winter wheat", "description": "This dataset contains data on wheat in different crop rotational positions (first and second wheat after oilseed rape, wheat monoculture). 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INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Europe"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2023-11-08", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-09-06", "language": "eng", "title": "A soil structure atlas. Computed tomography of arable soils to assess soil structure.  - How can the farmer optimise the soil structure to withstand extreme weather conditions?", "description": "In the atlas, results of the ZALF project \"Innovative Analysis of Soil Structure and Soil Biota - Development of a Diagnostic Tool for the Farmer to Increase Soil Fertility\" (DIWELA) are presented. 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Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The Rhizo4Bio - rhizotraits and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2024-03-14", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2023-11-07", "language": "eng", "title": "Root traits and biophysicochemical rhizosheath soil properties of 38 maize varieties under drought and well-watered conditions", "description": "38 temperate maize varieties (hybrids, open-pollinated varieties and landraces) were grown in pots in an automated phenotyping facility. After an initial growth period (37 days after sowing), half of the plants of each variety were subjected to drought stress by withholding irrigation, while the other half remained under well-watered conditions (av. -60 hPa). The experiment was sampled (64 DAS) when the last drought-stressed plant had reduced its transpiration rate by at least 50%. 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