{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-05-30T16:14:35Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-08-18", "title": "Agroforestry systems: Meta-analysis of soil carbon stocks, sequestration processes, and future potentials", "description": "Abstract<p>Agroforestry (AF) has the potential to restore degraded lands, provide a broader range of ecosystem goods and services such as carbon (C) sequestration and high biodiversity, and increase soil fertility and ecosystem stability through additional C input from trees, erosion prevention, and microclimate improvement. Advantages and processes for global C sequestration in AF are unknown. We used a meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis of 427 soil C stock data pairs grouped into four main AF systems\uffe2\uff80\uff94alley cropping, windbreaks, silvopastures, and homegardens\uffe2\uff80\uff94and evaluated changes in AF and adjacent control cropland or pasture. Mean soil C stocks in AF (1\uffe2\uff80\uff90m depth) were 126\uffc2\uffa0Mg\uffc2\uffa0C\uffc2\uffb7ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921, which is 19% more than that in cropland or pasture. The highest C stocks in soil were in subtropical homegardens, AF with younger trees, and topsoil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffc2\uffa0cm). Increased soil C stocks in AF were lower than aboveground C stocks in most AF systems, except alley cropping. Homegardens stored the highest C in both aboveground and belowground, especially in the subsoil (20\uffe2\uff80\uff93100\uffc2\uffa0cm). Advantages of AF ecosystem services focusing on mechanisms of belowground C sequestration were analyzed. AF could store 5.3\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0109\uffc2\uffa0Mg additional C in soil on 944\uffc2\uffa0Mha globally, with most in the tropics and subtropics. AF systems could greatly contribute to global soil C sequestration if used in larger areas. Future investigations of AF should include (a) mechanistic\uffe2\uff80\uff90 and process\uffe2\uff80\uff90based studies (instead of common monitoring and inventories), (b) models linking forest and crop growth with soil water and C and nutrient cycling, and (c) accurate assessments of the AF area worldwide based on the remote sensing approaches.</p>", "keywords": ["meta-analysis", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "550", "13. Climate action", "sustainable land use", "homegardens", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "agroforestry management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "ecosystem services", "carbon sequestration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Land%20Degradation%20%26amp%3B%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "name": "item", "description": "10.1002/ldr.3136", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1002/ldr.3136"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-09-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "545539c8-6498-43d5-9713-85d3722c58ee", "type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[5.81, 47.26], [5.81, 54.76], [15.77, 54.76], [15.77, 47.26], [5.81, 47.26]]]}, "properties": {"themes": [{"concepts": [{"id": "farming"}], "scheme": "https://standards.iso.org/iso/19139/resources/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "agroforestry systems"}, {"id": "agropastoral systems"}, {"id": "intercropping"}, {"id": "mixed cropping"}, {"id": "sustainable agriculture"}, {"id": "sustainable land management"}, {"id": "sustainable land use"}, {"id": "geographical information systems"}, {"id": "land-use mapping"}, {"id": "land suitability"}, {"id": "biodiversity"}, {"id": "climate change"}, {"id": "land degradation"}, {"id": "land restoration"}, {"id": "land-use planning"}, {"id": "land-use change"}, {"id": "farmers"}, {"id": "land policies"}, {"id": "land governance"}, {"id": "farmland"}, {"id": "livestock"}], "scheme": "AGROVOC Multilingual agricultural thesaurus"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "opendata"}, {"id": "agroforestry"}, {"id": "agricultural management"}, {"id": "decision-support system"}, {"id": "agricultural policy"}, {"id": "agricultural ecology"}, {"id": "land use planning"}, {"id": "agricultural economics"}, {"id": "environmental impact of agriculture"}, {"id": "agricultural landscape"}, {"id": "mixed farming"}], "scheme": "Individual"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "Bodenbedeckung"}, {"id": "Bodennutzung"}], "scheme": "GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0"}, {"concepts": [{"id": "non-geographic"}], "scheme": "individual"}], "license": "CC BY", "rights": "Restrictions applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restrictions or limitations or warnings on using the resource or metadata. Reports, articles, papers, scientific and non - scientific works of any form, including tables, maps, or any other kind of output, in printed or electronic form, based in whole or in part on the data supplied, must contain an acknowledgement of the form: \"Data reused from the BonaRes Data Centre www.bonares.de. This data were created as part of the ZALF Datenerfassung's research activities.\" Although every care has been taken in preparing and testing the data, the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre cannot guarantee that the data are correct; neither does the ZALF Datenerfassung and the BonaRes Data Centre accept any liability whatsoever for any error, missing data or omission in the data, or for any loss or damage arising from its use. The ZALF Datenerfassung and BonaRes Data Centre will not be responsible for any direct or indirect use which might be made of the data.", "updated": "2025-10-28", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2025-09-29", "language": "eng", "title": "Systematic map of models and decision support tools used in agroforestry", "description": "The dataset summarizes information on models and decision support tools used in agroforestry based on systematic mapping of academic publications complemented by screening the web-sites of international agroforestry organizations. Publications were retrieved on 19.04.2024 from Scopus and Web of Science, and 859 records from 658 sources were included into the dataset. Records include model name and description, specification of source data and modelled diversification (spatial, temporal and system components), and the list of modelled agroecosystem functions and design attributes. The description of systematic literature mapping protocol is given in Ardanov et al. 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