The evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. Debittering of lupin seeds has a long history; however, the control of the level of alkaloids after processing the seeds is typically only evaluated by changes in the bitter taste. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile and residual levels of quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) in (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) after aqueous debittering process. Samples from 10 ecotypes from different areas of Peru were analyzed before and after the process. Based on results obtained by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, from eight alkaloids identified before the debittering process, only small amounts of lupanine (avg. 0.0012\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) and sparteine (avg. 0.0014\uffc2\uffa0g/100\uffc2\uffa0g DM) remained in the seeds after the debittering process, and no other alkaloids were identified. The aqueous debittering process reduced the content of alkaloids to levels far below the maximal level allowed by international regulations (\uffe2\uff89\uffa4 0.2\uffc2\uffa0g/kg DM).
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "Lupin Seeds", "Sparteine", "Organic chemistry", "Propiedades fisicoqu\u00edmicas", "Plant Science", "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry", "Evolution and Nutritional Properties of Lupin Seeds", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Food science", "Per\u00fa", "03 medical and health sciences", "Deshidrataci\u00f3n acuosa", "Alkaloids", "Secado", "Tarwi", "https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.01", "Granos", "Composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica", "ta116", "Biology", "Ecotipos", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "Ecotype", "2. Zero hunger", "Original Paper", "0303 health sciences", "Rendimiento", "Procesamiento", "Evaluaci\u00f3n", "ta1183", "An\u00e1lisis organol\u00e9ptico", "ta1182", "Botany", "Life Sciences", "Diversity and Applications of Cyperus Species", "Lupinus", "Chocho", "Chemistry", "Contenido proteico", "Evolution and Ecology of Endophyte-Grass Symbiosis", "Taste", "Seeds", "Lupinus mutabilis"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20Foods%20for%20Human%20Nutrition", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "name": "item", "description": "10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-02-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-21", "title": "Species-dependent responses of crop plants to polystyrene microplastics", "description": "Only recently there has been a strong focus on the impacts of microplastics on terrestrial crop plants. This study aims to examine and compare the effects of microplastics on two monocotyledonous (barley, Hordeum vulgare and wheat, Triticum aestivum), and two dicotyledonous (carrot, Daucus carota and lettuce, Lactuca sativa) plant species through two complimentary experiments. First, we investigated the effects of low, medium, and high (103, 105, 107 particles per mL) concentrations of 500\u00a0nm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on seed germination and early development. We found species-dependent effects on the early development, with microplastics only significantly affecting lettuce and carrot. When acutely exposed during germination, PS-MPs significantly delayed the germination of lettuce by 24%, as well as promoted the shoot growth of carrot by 71% and decreased its biomass by 26%. No effect was recorded on monocot species. Secondly, we performed a chronic (21\u00a0d) hydroponic experiment on lettuce and wheat. We observed that PS-MPs significantly reduced the shoot growth of lettuce by up to 35% and increased its biomass by up to 64%, while no record was reported on wheat. In addition, stress level indicators and defence mechanisms were significantly up-regulated in both lettuce and wheat seedlings. Overall, this study shows that PS-MPs affect plant development: impacts were recorded on both germination and growth for dicots, and responses identified by biochemical markers of stress were increased in both lettuce and wheat. This highlights species-dependent effects as the four crops were grown under identical conditions to allow direct comparison. For future research, our study emphasizes the need to focus on crop specific effects, while also working towards knowledge of plastic-induced impacts at environmentally relevant conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "microplastics", "Microplastics", "Microplastic", "ta1183", "seed germination", "Biochemical indicators of stress", "Agriculture", "Germination", "plant growth", "15. Life on land", "Seed germination", "Seedlings", "Polystyrenes", "microplastic", "Plastics", "Triticum", "agriculture", "Plant growth", "Lactuca"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122243"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.07.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:16:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-25", "title": "Fast and reliable method to estimate global DNA methylation in plants and fungi with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet detection and even more sensitive one with HPLC-mass spectrometry", "description": "DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation is one of the epigenetic modifications of DNA, acting as a bridge between genotype and phenotype. Thus, disruption of DNA methylation pattern has tremendous consequences for organism development. Current methods to determine DNA methylation suffer from methodological drawbacks like high requirement of DNA and poor reproducibility of chromatograms. Here we provide a fast and reliable method using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet (UV) detector and even more sensitive one with HPLC- mass spectrometry (MS) and we test this method with various plant and fungal DNA isolates. We optimized the preparation of the DNA degradation step to decrease background noise, we improved separation conditions to provide reliable and reproducible chromatograms and conditions to measure nucleotides in HPLC-MS. We showed that global DNA methylation level can be accurately and reproducibly measured with as little as 0.2\u00a0\u00b5M for HPLC-UV and 0.02\u00a0\u00b5M for HPLC-MS of methylated cytosine.", "keywords": ["Chromatography", "Plant DNA", "DNA methylation", "ta1183", "ta1182", "Fungi", "610", "Reproducibility of Results", "DNA Methylation", "Mass Spectrometry", "Fungal DNA", "chromatography", "DNA", " Fungal", "ta116", "Chromatography", " High Pressure Liquid"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.07.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.07.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.07.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.07.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.017", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-01-08", "title": "Logging Residue Harvest May Decrease Enzymatic Activity Of Boreal Forest Soils", "description": "Abstract Nowadays conventional stem-only harvest where logging residues are left on the site is often displaced by whole-tree harvest, in which logging residues are harvested for use as bioenergy. Logging residues consist of tree branches and tops of stems with needles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of logging residue harvest on soil enzyme activities involved in C, N and P cycling, namely \u03b2-glucosidase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, protease and acid phosphatase in relation to other soil characteristics (i.e. soil respiration, net N mineralization, microbial biomass C and N). Soil samples were taken from the humus layer of five study sites, differing in fertility, dominating tree species and time elapsed after treatment. The study sites were Norway spruce (Picea abies, (L.) Karst) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in different parts of Finland. Four of the study sites were single-tree experiments, where thinning was performed 4\u20135 years before this study and 3\u20134 different doses of logging residues (from 0 up to 37.5\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha\u22121) were distributed on a circle around a single tree in 3 replicates. The last field experiment had been thinned twice, 23 and 13 years ago; the treatments in 3 replicates were whole-tree harvest and stem-only harvest. In the whole-tree harvest vs. stem-only harvest experiment, activities of \u03b2-glucosidase, \u03b2-glucosaminidase, acid phosphatase were similar in both treatments. In general, in the single-tree experiment with pine, enzymes raised the activity in response to increasing amount of logging residue. The pattern was less clear for the spruce single-tree experiment, but acid phosphatase and protease activities increased with the increase in amount of logging residue. In general, other soil characteristics were less affected than enzyme activities by logging residue removal; however, in some sites logging residues seemed to increase net C and N mineralization with increasing logging residue amount. Our results suggest that retaining logging residues on the site can increase soil enzyme activities and C and N mineralization.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "hakkuut\u00e4hde", "typen mineralisaatio", "m\u00e4nty", "entsyymiaktiivisuus", "ta1183", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "ta4111", "15. Life on land", "ta4112", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "kuusi", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mets\u00e4maa"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.017"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.017", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.017", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.12.017"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2015-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:17:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-10-16", "title": "Recovery of methane turnover and the associated microbial communities in restored cutover peatlands is strongly linked with increasing Sphagnum abundance", "description": "Abstract Vegetation succession is known to affect carbon-cycling patterns of recovering cutover peatlands, displayed as shifts in emissions of the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4. However, the related plant-microbe interactions are still poorly understood. We aimed to link the recovery of the organisms responsible for CH4 turnover, the methanogens and the methanotrophs, to the re-vegetation related compositional changes of three functional plant types (Sphagna, sedges and shrubs). In peat layers, the Sphagnum coverage was the most influential factor for the activity, abundance and community structures of both these microbial groups, demonstrating a succession pattern towards a pristine stage. Analysis of mcrA and pmoA genes revealed Methanoregulaceae and Methylocystis as the most dominant methanogens and methanotrophs, respectively. The relatively fast recovery of both CH4 production and oxidation in the peat layers supports earlier flux based results from these same fen-type peatland sites. In contrast to peat, CH4 oxidation in living Sphagnum mosses appeared to be independent of vegetation succession as CH4 oxidation potential was similar throughout the succession stages. This indicated that Sphagnum may be a valuable CH4 biofilter especially in the early re-vegetation stages when the oxidation in the peat has not yet recovered. Therefore, we recommend Sphagnum transplantation as a tool for climate friendly peatland restoration with faster recovery of the carbon sink function and altered CH4 emissions.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "570", "0303 health sciences", "Aitoneva", "peat extraction", "ta1172", "ta1183", "Methanogenic archaea", "plant functional types", "15. Life on land", "Methanotrophic bacteria", "ecosystem restoration", "ekosysteemit", "Kihni\u00f6", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "616", "ta1181", "ennallistaminen", "turvemaat", "Finland"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.10.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/nph.17365", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-07-27T16:19:49Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-29", "title": "New insight to the role of microbes in the methane exchange in trees: evidence from metagenomic sequencing", "description": "SummaryMethane (CH4) exchange in tree stems and canopies and the processes involved are among the least understood components of the global CH4 cycle. Recent studies have focused on quantifying tree stems as sources of CH4 and understanding abiotic CH4 emissions in plant canopies, with the role of microbial in situ CH4 formation receiving less attention. Moreover, despite initial reports revealing CH4 consumption, studies have not adequately evaluated the potential of microbial CH4 oxidation within trees. In this paper, we discuss the current level of understanding on these processes. Further, we demonstrate the potential of novel metagenomic tools in revealing the involvement of microbes in the CH4 exchange of plants, and particularly in boreal trees. We detected CH4\uffe2\uff80\uff90producing methanogens and novel monooxygenases, potentially involved in CH4 consumption, in coniferous plants. In addition, our field flux measurements from Norway spruce (Picea abies) canopies demonstrate both net CH4 emissions and uptake, giving further evidence that both production and consumption are relevant to the net CH4 exchange. Our findings, together with the emerging diversity of novel CH4\uffe2\uff80\uff90producing microbial groups, strongly suggest microbial analyses should be integrated in the studies aiming to reveal the processes and drivers behind plant CH4 exchange.
", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "330", "ta1172", "metaani", "bakteerit", "Trees", "03 medical and health sciences", "boreal forests", "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede", "2. Zero hunger", "0303 health sciences", "Norway", "ta1183", "kasvifysiologia", "puut (kasvit)", "genomiikka", "15. Life on land", "ta4112", "methanogenic archaea", "mets\u00e4t", "plant microbiome", "tree", "methane exchange", "boreaalinen vy\u00f6hyke", "mikrobisto", "13. Climate action", "Environmental Science", "aineiden kierto", "Metagenomics", "methanotrophic bacteria", "arkeonit", "Methane", "captured metagenomics"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.17365"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17365"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/nph.17365", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/nph.17365", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/nph.17365"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-05-02T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10029/626877", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:25:43Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-21", "title": "Species-dependent responses of crop plants to polystyrene microplastics", "description": "Only recently there has been a strong focus on the impacts of microplastics on terrestrial crop plants. This study aims to examine and compare the effects of microplastics on two monocotyledonous (barley, Hordeum vulgare and wheat, Triticum aestivum), and two dicotyledonous (carrot, Daucus carota and lettuce, Lactuca sativa) plant species through two complimentary experiments. First, we investigated the effects of low, medium, and high (103, 105, 107 particles per mL) concentrations of 500\u00a0nm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on seed germination and early development. We found species-dependent effects on the early development, with microplastics only significantly affecting lettuce and carrot. When acutely exposed during germination, PS-MPs significantly delayed the germination of lettuce by 24%, as well as promoted the shoot growth of carrot by 71% and decreased its biomass by 26%. No effect was recorded on monocot species. Secondly, we performed a chronic (21\u00a0d) hydroponic experiment on lettuce and wheat. We observed that PS-MPs significantly reduced the shoot growth of lettuce by up to 35% and increased its biomass by up to 64%, while no record was reported on wheat. In addition, stress level indicators and defence mechanisms were significantly up-regulated in both lettuce and wheat seedlings. Overall, this study shows that PS-MPs affect plant development: impacts were recorded on both germination and growth for dicots, and responses identified by biochemical markers of stress were increased in both lettuce and wheat. This highlights species-dependent effects as the four crops were grown under identical conditions to allow direct comparison. For future research, our study emphasizes the need to focus on crop specific effects, while also working towards knowledge of plastic-induced impacts at environmentally relevant conditions.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Microplastics", "Microplastic", "ta1183", "Biochemical indicators of stress", "Agriculture", "Germination", "15. Life on land", "Seed germination", "Seedlings", "Polystyrenes", "microplastic", "Plastics", "Triticum", "agriculture", "Plant growth", "Lactuca"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10029/626877"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Pollution", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10029/626877", "name": "item", "description": "10029/626877", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10029/626877"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "37499875", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-07-27T16:27:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-07-25", "title": "Fast and reliable method to estimate global DNA methylation in plants and fungi with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet detection and even more sensitive one with HPLC-mass spectrometry", "description": "DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation is one of the epigenetic modifications of DNA, acting as a bridge between genotype and phenotype. Thus, disruption of DNA methylation pattern has tremendous consequences for organism development. Current methods to determine DNA methylation suffer from methodological drawbacks like high requirement of DNA and poor reproducibility of chromatograms. Here we provide a fast and reliable method using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet (UV) detector and even more sensitive one with HPLC- mass spectrometry (MS) and we test this method with various plant and fungal DNA isolates. We optimized the preparation of the DNA degradation step to decrease background noise, we improved separation conditions to provide reliable and reproducible chromatograms and conditions to measure nucleotides in HPLC-MS. We showed that global DNA methylation level can be accurately and reproducibly measured with as little as 0.2\u00a0\u00b5M for HPLC-UV and 0.02\u00a0\u00b5M for HPLC-MS of methylated cytosine.", "keywords": ["Plant DNA", "DNA methylation", "ta1183", "ta1182", "Fungi", "610", "Reproducibility of Results", "DNA Methylation", "Mass Spectrometry", "Fungal DNA", "chromatography", "DNA", " Fungal", "ta116", "Chromatography", " High Pressure Liquid"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/37499875"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Biotechnology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "37499875", "name": "item", "description": "37499875", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/37499875"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ta1183&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ta1183&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ta1183&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=ta1183&offset=9", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 9, "numberReturned": 9, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-07-27T17:00:29.720033Z"}