{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1111/ejss.13472", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-20", "title": "Cover crops affect pool specific soil organic carbon in cropland \u2013 A meta\u2010analysis", "description": "Abstract

Cover crops (CC) offer numerous benefits to agroecosystems, particularly in the realm of soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual and loss mitigation. However, uncertainties persist regarding the extent to which CCs, in co\uffe2\uff80\uff90occurrence with environmental factors, influence SOC responses and associated C pools. We therefore performed a weighted meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis on the effects of CCs on the mineral\uffe2\uff80\uff90associated organic carbon (MAOC), the particulate organic carbon (POC) and the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) pool compared to no CC cultivation in arable cropland. Our study summarized global research of comparable management, with a focus on climatic zones representative of Europe, such as arid, temperate and boreal climates. In this meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis, we included 71 independent studies from 61 articles published between 1990 and June 2023 in several scientific and grey literature databases. Sensitivity analysis was conducted and did not identify any significant publication bias. The results revealed that CCs had an overall statistically significant positive effect on SOC pools, increasing MAOC by 4.8% (95% CI: 0.6%\uffe2\uff80\uff939.4%, n \uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff8916), POC by 23.2% (95% CI: 13.9%\uffe2\uff80\uff9334.4%, n \uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff8939) and MBC by 20.2% (95% CI: 11.7%\uffe2\uff80\uff9330.7%, n \uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff8930) in the top soil, compared to no CC cultivation. Thereby, CCs feed into the stable as well as the more labile C pools. The effect of CCs on MAOC was dependent on soil clay content and initial SOC concentration, whereas POC was influenced by moderators such as CC peak biomass and experiment duration. For MBC, for example, clay content, crop rotation duration and tillage depth were identified as important drivers. Based on our results on the effects of CCs on SOC pools and significant moderators, we identified several research needs. A pressing need for additional experiments exploring the effects of CCs on SOC pools was found, with a particular focus on MAOC and POC. Further, we emphasize the necessity for conducting European studies spanning the north\uffe2\uff80\uff93south gradient. In conclusion, our results show that CC cultivation is a key strategy to promote C accrual in different SOC pools. Additionally, this meta\uffe2\uff80\uff90analysis provides new insights into the state of knowledge regarding SOC pool changes influenced by CCs, offering quantitative summary results and shedding light on the sources of heterogeneity affecting these findings. SUMMARY 1. The effects of increasing CO2 and nitrogen loading and of a change in water table and temperature on littoral CH4, N2O and CO2 fluxes were studied in a glasshouse experiment with intact sediment cores including vegetation (mainly sedges), taken from a boreal eutrophic lake in Finland. Sediments with the water table held at a level of 0 or at \uffe2\uff88\uff9215\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm were incubated in an atmosphere of 360 or 720\uffe2\uff80\uff83p.p.m. CO2 for 18\uffe2\uff80\uff83weeks. The experiment included fertilisation with NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff93 and NH4+ (to a total 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922).

2. Changes in the water table and temperature strongly regulated sediment CH4 and cCO2 fluxes (community CO2 release), but did not affect N2O emissions. Increase in the water table increased CH4 emissions but reduced cCO2 release, while increase in temperature increased emissions of both CO2 and CH4.

3. The raised CO2 increased carbon turnover in the sediments, such that cCO2 release was increased by 16\uffe2\uff80\uff9326%. However, CH4 fluxes were not significantly affected by raised CO2, although CH4 production potential (at 22\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C) of the sediments incubated at high CO2 was increased. In the boreal region, littoral CH4 production is more likely to be limited by temperature than by the availability of carbon. Raised CO2 did not affect N2O production by denitrification, indicating that this process was not carbon limited.

4. A low availability of NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff93 did severely limit N2O production. The NO3\uffe2\uff80\uff93 addition caused up to a 100\uffe2\uff80\uff90fold increase in the fluxes of N2O. The NH4+ addition did not increase N2O fluxes, indicating low nitrification capacity in the sediments.

", "keywords": ["ammonium", "hiilidioksidi", "typpioksiduuli", "13. Climate action", "nitraatit", "15. Life on land", "metaani", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01023.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Freshwater%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01023.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01023.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01023.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-02-13T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-173.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-02", "title": "Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co2 In Agro-Ecosystems On Soil Carbon Storage", "description": "

Increasing global atmospheric CO2 concentration has led to concerns regarding its potential effects on the terrestrial environment. Attempts to balance the atmospheric carbon (C) budget have met with a large shortfall in C accounting (\uffe2\uff89\uff881.4 \uffc3\uff97 1015 g C y\uffe2\uff80\uff931) and this has led to the hypothesis that C is being stored in the soil of terrestrial ecosystems. This study examined the effects of CO2 enrichment on soil C storage in C3 soybean (Glycine max L.) Merr. and C4 grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Moench. agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecosystems established on a Blanton loamy sand (loamy siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic Paleudults). The study was a split\uffe2\uff80\uff90plot design replicated three times with two crop species (soybean and grain sorghum) as the main plots and two CO2 concentration (ambient and twice ambient) as subplots using open top field chambers. Carbon isotopic techniques using \uffce\uffb413C were used to track the input of new C into the soil system. At the end of two years, shifts in \uffce\uffb413C content of soil organic matter carbon were observed to a depth of 30 cm. Calculated new C in soil organic matter with grain sorghum was greater for elevated CO2 vs. ambient CO2 (162 and 29 g m\uffe2\uff80\uff932, respectively), but with soybean the new C in soil organic matter was less for elevated CO2 vs. ambient CO2 (120 and 291 g m\uffe2\uff80\uff932, respectively). A significant increase in mineral associated organic C was observed in 1993 which may result in increased soil C storage over the long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term, however, little change in total soil organic C was observed under either plant species. These data indicate that elevated atmospheric CO2 resulted in changes in soil C dynamics in agro\uffe2\uff80\uff90ecosystems that are crop species dependent.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-173.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-173.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-173.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.d01-173.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Raised Atmospheric Co2 Levels And Increased N Deposition Cause Shifts In Plant Species Composition And Production In Sphagnum Bogs", "description": "Abstract

Part of the missing sink in the global CO2 budget has been attributed to the positive effects of CO2 fertilization and N deposition on carbon sequestration in Northern Hemisphere terrestrial ecosystems. The genus Sphagnum is one of the most important groups of plant species sequestrating carbon in temperate and northern bog ecosystems, because of the low decomposability of the dead material it produces. The effects of raised CO2 and increased atmospheric N deposition on growth of Sphagnum and other plants were studied in bogs at four sites across Western Europe. Contrary to expectations, elevated CO2 did not significantly affect Sphagnum biomass growth. Increased N deposition reduced Sphagnum mass growth, because it increased the cover of vascular plants and the tall moss Polytrichum strictum. Such changes in plant species composition may decrease carbon sequestration in Sphagnum\uffe2\uff80\uff90dominated bog ecosystems.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "bog plants", "nitrates", "13. Climate action", "emission", "carbon dioxide", "greenhouse effect", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00433.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00198.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "A Field Study Of The Effects Of Elevated Co2and Plant Species Diversity On Ecosystem-Level Gas Exchange In A Planted Calcareous Grassland", "description": "Abstract

The relationship between plant species diversity and ecosystem CO2 and water vapour fluxes was investigated for planted calcareous grassland communities composed of 5, 12, or 32 species assembled from the native plant species pool. These diversity manipulations were done in factorial combination with a CO2 enrichment experiment in order to investigate the degree to which ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 are altered by a loss of plant diversity. Ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes were measured over several 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h periods during the 1994 and 1995 growing seasons. Ecosystem CO2 assimilation on a ground area basis decreased with decreasing plant diversity in the first year and this was related to a decline in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground plant biomass. In the second year, however, CO2 assimilation was not affected by diversity, and this corresponded to the disappearance of a diversity effect on above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass. Irrespective of diversity treatment, CO2 assimilation on a ground area basis was linearly related to peak above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass in both years. Elevated CO2 significantly increased ecosystem CO2 assimilation in both years with no interaction between diversity and CO2 treatment, and no corresponding increase in above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass. There were no significant effects of diversity on water vapour flux, which was measured only in the second year. There were indications of a small CO2 effect on water vapour flux (3\uffe2\uff80\uff939% lower at elevated CO2 depending on the light level). Our findings suggest that decreasing plant species diversity may substantially decrease ecosystem CO2 assimilation during the establishment of such planted calcareous grassland communities, but also suggest that this effect may not persist. In addition, we find no evidence that plant species diversity alters the response of ecosystem CO2 assimilation to elevated CO2.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00198.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00198.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00198.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00198.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-07-30", "title": "Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Grass Swards During The Eighth Year Of Elevated Atmospheric Pco(2) (Swiss Face)", "description": "Abstract

Emissions of N2O were measured during the growth season over a year from grass swards under ambient (360\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and elevated (600\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 partial pressures at the Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Eschikon, Switzerland. Measurements were made following high (56\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) and low (14\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921) rates of fertilizer application, split over 5 re\uffe2\uff80\uff90growth periods, to Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens and mixed Lolium/Trifolium swards. Elevated pCO2 increased annual emissions of N2O from the high fertilized Lolium and mixed Lolium/Trifolium swards resulting in increases in GWP (N2O emissions) of 179 and 111\uffe2\uff80\uff83g CO2 equivalents m\uffe2\uff88\uff922, respectively, compared with the GWP of ambient pCO2 swards, but had no significant effect on annual emissions from Trifolium monoculture swards. The greater emissions from the high fertilized elevated pCO2Lolium swards were attributed to greater below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground C allocation under elevated pCO2 providing the energy for denitrification in the presence of excess mineral N. An annual emission of 959\uffe2\uff80\uff83mg N2O\uffe2\uff80\uff90N\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921 (1.7% of fertilizer N applied) was measured from the high fertilized Lolium sward under elevated pCO2. The magnitude of emissions varied throughout the year with 84% of the total emission from the elevated pCO2Lolium swards measured during the first two re\uffe2\uff80\uff90growths (April\uffe2\uff80\uff93June 2001). This was associated with higher rainfall and soil water contents at this time of year. Trends in emissions varied between the first two re\uffe2\uff80\uff90growths (April\uffe2\uff80\uff93June 2001) and the third, fourth and fifth re\uffe2\uff80\uff90growths (late June\uffe2\uff80\uff93October 2000), with available soil NO3\uffe2\uff88\uff92 and rainfall explaining 70%, and soil water content explaining 72% of the variability in N2O in these periods, respectively. Caution is therefore required when extrapolating from short\uffe2\uff80\uff90term measurements to predict long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term responses to global climate change. Our findings are of global significance as increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO2 may, depending on sward composition and fertilizer management, increase greenhouse gas emissions of N2O, thereby exacerbating the forcing effect of elevated CO2 on global climate. Our results suggest that when applying high rates of N fertilizer to grassland systems, Trifolium repens swards, or a greater component of Trifolium in mixed swards, may minimize the negative effect of continued increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations on global warming.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ueli A. Hartwig, Georg Cadisch, Elizabeth M. Baggs, M. Richter,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00654.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-07-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Increased Growth In Elevated [Co2]: An Early, Short-Term Response?", "description": "Summary

Saplings of four clones of Sitka spruce and cherry were grown for three and two growing seasons, respectively, in open top chambers at two CO2 concentrations (\uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83350 and \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83700\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcmol\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff80\uff931) to determine whether the increase in total biomass brought about by enhanced [CO2] is a result of a transient or persistent effect in nonlimiting conditions. Classical growth analysis was applied to both species and mean current relative growth rate of total dry mass (RT) and leaf dry mass (RL), and period relative growth rate of total dry mass ( ) and leaf dry mass ( ) were calculated. Sitka spruce saplings and cherry seedlings showed a positive growth response to elevated [CO2], and at the end of the experiments both species were \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff8340% larger in elevated [CO2] than in ambient [CO2]. As a result, the period mean and were significantly higher in elevated [CO2]. The differences in plant dry mass at the end of the experiments were a consequence of the more rapid growth in the early phase of exposure to elevated [CO2]. After this initial phase mean RT and RL were similar or even lower in elevated [CO2] than in ambient [CO2]. NAR of both species was much higher in elevated [CO2], whereas both LAR, SLA, and LMR showed the opposite trend. The higher LAR and SLA of plants in ambient [CO2] contributed to a compensation by which they maintained RT similar to that of elevated [CO2] saplings despite lower NAR and photosynthetic rate. However, when the same size the trees were similar amongst the [CO2] treatments, indicating that one of the main effect of elevated [CO2] on tree growth is to speed\uffe2\uff80\uff90up early development in all aspects.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Relative growth rate", "Tree growth", "Ontogeny", "Cherry", "Sitka spruce", "Dry mass allocation", "Growth analysis", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[object Object"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Centritto M, Lee HSJ, Jarvis PG,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00263.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Litter Quality And Decomposition In Danthonia Richardsonii Swards In Response To Co2 And Nitrogen Supply Over Four Years Of Growth", "description": "Summary

Litter quality parameters of Danthonia richardsonii grown under CO2 concentrations of \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83359 & \uffe2\uff89\uff88\uffe2\uff80\uff83719\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL L\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1 at three mineral N supply rates (2.2, 6.7 & 19.8\uffe2\uff80\uff83g\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a2\uffe2\uff80\uff83y\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1) were determined. C:N ratio was increased in senesced leaf (enhancement ratios, Re/c, of 1.25\uffe2\uff80\uff931.67), surface litter (1.34\uffe2\uff80\uff931.64) and root (1.13\uffe2\uff80\uff931.30) by CO2 enrichment. After 3\uffe2\uff80\uff83years of growth, nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations were reduced in senesced leaf lamina (avg. Re/c=\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff830.84) but not in root in response to CO2 enrichment. Cellulose concentrations increased slightly in senesced leaf (avg. Re/c=\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff831.07) but not in root in response to CO2 enrichment. Lignin and polyphenolic concentrations in senesced leaf and root were not changed by CO2 enrichment. Decomposition, measured as cumulative respiration in standard conditions in vitro, was reduced in leaf litter grown under CO2 enrichment. Root decomposition in vitro was lower in the material produced under CO2 enrichment at the two higher rates of mineral N supply. Significant correlations between decomposition of leaf litter and initial %N, C:N ratio and lignin:N ratio were found. Decomposition in vivo, measured as carbon disappearance from the surface litter was not affected by CO2 concentration. Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection was not changed by CO2 enrichment. Microbial carbon was higher under CO2 enrichment at the two higher rates of mineral N supply. Possible reasons for the lack of effect of changes in litter quality on in\uffe2\uff80\uff90sward decomposition rates are discussed.

", "keywords": ["decomposition", "grass", "Arbuscular mycorrhizae", "Microbial biomass", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "nitrogen", "microcosm", "C3 plant", "litter", "Danthonia", "biochemical composition", "Long-term experiment", "Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhiza", "Climate change", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "nutrient availability", "Danthonia richardsonii C:N"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Jason L. Lutze, Jason L. Lutze, Roger M. Gifford, Helen N. Adams,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00277.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00287.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:52Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Carbon-13 Input And Turn-Over In A Pasture Soil Exposed To Long-Term Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Summary

The impact of elevated CO2 and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fertilization on soil C\uffe2\uff80\uff90cycling in Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens pastures were investigated under Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) conditions. For six years, swards were exposed to ambient or elevated CO2 (35 and 60\uffe2\uff80\uff83Pa pCO2) and received a low and high rate of N fertilizer. The CO2 added in the FACE plots was depleted in 13C compared to ambient (\uffce\uff94\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff8340\uffe2\uff80\uffb0) thus the C inputs could be quantified.

On average, 57% of the C associated with the sand fraction of the soil was \uffe2\uff80\uff98new\uffe2\uff80\uff99 C. Smaller proportions of the C associated with the silt (18%) and clay fractions (14%) were derived from FACE. Only a small fraction of the total C pool below 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth was sequestered during the FACE experiment.

The annual net input of C in the FACE soil (0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm) was estimated at 4.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff832.2 and 6.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff833.6 (95% confidence interval) Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1 for T. repens and L. perenne, respectively. The maximum amount of labile C in the T. repens sward was estimated at 8.3\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff831.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1 and 7.1\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb1\uffe2\uff80\uff831.0\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff92\uffe2\uff80\uff8a1 in the L. perenne sward. Mean residence time (MRT) for newly sequestered soil C was estimated at 1.8\uffe2\uff80\uff83years in the T. repens plots and 1.1\uffe2\uff80\uff83years for L. perenne. An average of 18% of total soil C in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff9310\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth in the T. repens sward and 24% in the L. perenne sward was derived from FACE after 6\uffe2\uff80\uff83years exposure. The majority of the change in soil \uffce\uffb413C occurred in the first three years of the experiment. No treatment effects on total soil C were detected.

The fraction of FACE\uffe2\uff80\uff90derived C in the L. perenne sward was larger than in the T. repens sward. This suggests a priming effect in the L. perenne sward which led to increased losses of the old C. Although the rate of C cycling was affected by species and elevated CO2, the soil in this intensively managed grassland ecosystem did not become a sink for additional new C.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Ueli A. Hartwig, David J. Harris, F.L. Walley, Andreas L\u00fcscher, Jennifer Nitschelm, Chris van Kessel, William R. Horwath,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00287.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00287.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00287.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00287.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "20864344", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-09-08", "title": "Discovery and optimization of adamantyl carbamate inhibitors of 11\u03b2-HSD1", "description": "Synthesis of 2-adamantyl carbamate derivatives of piperidines and pyrrolidines led to the discovery of 9a with an IC(50) of 15.2 nM against human 11\u03b2-HSD1 in adipocytes. Optimization for increased adipocyte potency, metabolic stability and selectivity afforded 11k and 11l, both of which were >25% orally bioavailable in rat.", "keywords": ["Models", " Molecular", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1", "Drug Discovery", "Animals", "Adamantane", "Enzyme Inhibitors", "Rats", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/20864344"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Bioorganic%20%26amp%3B%20Medicinal%20Chemistry%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "20864344", "name": "item", "description": "20864344", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/20864344"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00499.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "The Influence Of Plants Grown Under Elevated Co2 And N Fertilization On Soil Nitrogen Dynamics", "description": "Abstract

We investigated the effects of spring barley growth on nitrogen (N) transformations and rhizosphere microbial processes in a controlled system under elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) at two levels of N fertilization (applied with15N labelling). After 25\uffe2\uff80\uff83d, elevated CO2(twice ambient) increased plant growth (dry weight, DW) by 141% at low\uffe2\uff80\uff90N fertilization and by 60% at high\uffe2\uff80\uff90N fertilization, but its positive effect on the root\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90shoot ratio was only significant at low\uffe2\uff80\uff90N input. As a result of this plant response, elevated CO2caused a greater soil CO2efflux, rhizosphere soil DW, and soil microbial biomass under N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limiting conditions than under high N availability. Elevated CO2also caused a significant (P\uffe2\uff80\uff83<\uffe2\uff80\uff830.001) increase in the N recovered by the plant from both the labelled (Nf) and unlabelled (Ns\uffe2\uff80\uff83+\uffe2\uff80\uff83Nuf) N pools. The dynamics of N in the system as affected by elevated CO2were driven principally by mineralization\uffe2\uff80\uff93immobilization turnover, with little loss by denitrification. Under N\uffe2\uff80\uff90limiting conditions, there is evidence to suggest enhanced nutrient release from soil organic matter (SOM) pools\uffe2\uff80\uff94a process which could be defined as priming. The results of our experiment did not indicate a direct plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated effect of elevated CO2on nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes or denitrification activity.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00499.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00499.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00499.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00499.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-06-07T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00547.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Site And Temporal Variation Of Soil Respiration In European Beech, Norway Spruce, And Scots Pine Forests", "description": "Abstract

Global warming and changes in rainfall amount and distribution may affect soil respiration as a major carbon flux between the biosphere and the atmosphere. The objectives of this study were to investigate the site to site and interannual variation in soil respiration of six temperate forest sites. Soil respiration was measured using closed chambers over 2\uffe2\uff80\uff83years under mature beech, spruce and pine stands at both Solling and Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f, Germany, which have distinct climates and soils. Cumulative annual CO2fluxes varied from 4.9 to 5.4\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921at Solling with silty soils and from 4.0 to 5.9\uffe2\uff80\uff83Mg\uffe2\uff80\uff83C\uffe2\uff80\uff83ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f with sandy soils. With one exception soil respiration rates were not significantly different among the six forest sites (site to site variation) and between the years within the same forest site (interannual variation). Only the respiration rate in the spruce stand at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f was significant lower than the beech stand at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f in both years. Soil respiration rates of the sandy sites at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f were limited by soil moisture during the rather dry and warm summer 1999 while soil respiration at the silty Solling site tended to increase. We found a threshold of \uffe2\uff88\uff9280\uffe2\uff80\uff83kPa at 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth below which soil respiration decreased with increasing drought. Subsequent wetting of sandy soils revealed high CO2effluxes in the stands at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f. However, dry periods were infrequent, and our results suggest that temporal variation in soil moisture generally had little effect on annual soil respiration rates. Soil temperature at 5\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth explained 83% of the temporal variation in soil respiration using the Arrhenius function. The correlations were weaker using temperature at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm (r2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.63) and 2.5\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth (r2\uffe2\uff80\uff83=\uffe2\uff80\uff830.81). MeanQ10values for the range from 5 to 15\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C increased asymptotically with soil depth from 1.87 at 0\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm to 3.46 at 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83cm depth, indicating a large uncertainty in the prediction of the temperature dependency of soil respiration. Comparing the fitted Arrhenius curves for same tree species from Solling and Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f revealed higher soil respiration rates for the stands at Solling than in the respective stands at Unterl\uffc3\uffbc\uffc3\uff9f at the same temperature. A\uffc2\uffa0significant positive correlation across all sites between predicted soil respiration rates at 10\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb0C and total phosphorus content and C\uffe2\uff80\uff90to\uffe2\uff80\uff90N ratio of the upper mineral soil indicate a possible effect of nutrients on soil respiration.

", "keywords": ["0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00547.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00547.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00547.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00547.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-10-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/ejss.13524", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-07-25", "title": "Improving the sustainability of arable cropping systems by modifying root traits: A modelling study for winter wheat", "description": "Abstract

Modifying root systems by crop breeding has been attracting increasing attention as a potentially effective strategy to enhance the sustainability of agriculture by increasing soil organic matter (SOM) stocks and soil quality, whilst maintaining or even improving yields. We used the new soil\uffe2\uff80\uff90crop model USSF (Uppsala model of Soil Structure and Function) to investigate the potential of this management strategy using winter wheat as a model crop. USSF combines a simple (generic) crop growth model with physics\uffe2\uff80\uff90based descriptions of soil water flow, water uptake and transpiration by plants. It also includes a model of the interactions between soil structure dynamics and organic matter turnover that considers the effects of physical protection and microbial priming on the decomposition of SOM. The model was first calibrated against field data on soil water contents and both above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground and root biomass of winter wheat measured during one growing season in a clay soil in Uppsala, Sweden using the GLUE method to identify five \uffe2\uff80\uff98acceptable\uffe2\uff80\uff99 parameter sets. We created four model crops (ideotypes) by modifying root\uffe2\uff80\uff90related parameters to mimic winter wheat phenotypes with improved root traits. Long\uffe2\uff80\uff90term (30\uffe2\uff80\uff90year) simulations of a conventionally tilled monoculture of winter wheat were then performed to evaluate the potential effects of cultivating these ideotypes on the soil water balance, soil organic matter stocks and grain yields. Our results showed that ideotypes with deeper root systems or root systems that are more effective for water uptake increased grain yields by 3% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 0.4%\uffe2\uff80\uff930.5% in a 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90year perspective (as an average of the five parameter sets). An ideotype in which below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground allocation of dry matter was increased at the expense of stem growth gave even larger increases in SOM stocks (ca. 1.4%). An ideotype combining all three modifications (deeper and more effective root systems and greater root production) showed even more promising results: compared with the baseline scenario, surface runoff decreased while yields were predicted to increase by ca. 7% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 2%, which is roughly equivalent to ca. 20% of the 4\uffe2\uff80\uff90per\uffe2\uff80\uff90mille target ( https://4p1000.org/ ). The free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition experiments on four ombrotrophic bogs in Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands and Switzerland, revealed that after three years of treatment: (1) elevated atmospheric CO2concentration had no significant effect on the biomass growth ofSphagnumand vascular species; and (2) increased N\uffc2\uffa0deposition reduced Sphagnum growth, because it increased the cover of vascular plants and the tall mossPolytrichum strictum, while vascular plant biomass growth was not affected. This paper focuses on water chemistry, plant nutrient content, and litter decomposition rates. Potassium limitation, or low supply of K\uffc2\uffa0and P, may have prevented a significant increase ofSphagnumgrowth under elevated CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition. Vascular plant growth under elevated CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition was also limited by K, or by K\uffc2\uffa0in combination with P\uffc2\uffa0or N\uffc2\uffa0(N in CO2experiment). Elevated CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition had no effect on decomposition rates ofSphagnumand vascular plant litter. Aside from a possible effect of N\uffc2\uffa0deposition on light competition between species, we expect that elevated atmospheric CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition concentrations will not affectSphagnumand vascular plant growth in bogs of north\uffe2\uff80\uff90west Europe due to K\uffe2\uff80\uff90, or K\uffc2\uffa0in combination with N\uffe2\uff80\uff90 or P\uffe2\uff80\uff90, limited growth. For the same reason we expect no effect of elevated CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition on litter decomposition. Net primary production of raised ombrotrophic bogs that are at or close to steady state, is regulated by input of nutrients through atmospheric deposition. Therefore, we hypothesize that the expected increase of plant growth under elevated CO2and N\uffc2\uffa0deposition is diminished by current levels of K\uffc2\uffa0(and to some extent P\uffc2\uffa0and N) in atmospheric deposition.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Sphagnum", "Carbon dioxide", "13. Climate action", "Bog", "Litter decomposition", "Nutrient limited growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrogen deposition", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00535.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00535.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00535.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00535.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-09-30T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00624.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-12-24", "title": "Changes In Carbon Storage And Fluxes In A Chronosequence Of Ponderosa Pine", "description": "Abstract

Forest development following stand\uffe2\uff80\uff90replacing disturbance influences a variety of ecosystem processes including carbon exchange with the atmosphere. On a series of ponderosa pine (Pinius ponderosa var. Laws.) stands ranging from 9 to>\uffe2\uff80\uff83300\uffe2\uff80\uff83years in central Oregon, USA, we used biological measurements to estimate carbon storage in vegetation and soil pools, net primary productivity (NPP) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) to examine variation with stand age. Measurements were made on plots representing four age classes with three replications: initiation (I, 9\uffe2\uff80\uff9323\uffe2\uff80\uff83years), young (Y, 56\uffe2\uff80\uff9389\uffe2\uff80\uff83years), mature (M, 95\uffe2\uff80\uff93106\uffe2\uff80\uff83years), and old (O, 190\uffe2\uff80\uff93316\uffe2\uff80\uff83years) stands typical of the forest type in the region. Net ecosystem productivity was lowest in the I stands (\uffe2\uff88\uff92124\uffe2\uff80\uff83g C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), moderate in Y stands (118\uffe2\uff80\uff83g C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), highest in M stands (170\uffe2\uff80\uff83g C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921), and low in the O stands (35\uffe2\uff80\uff83g C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83yr\uffe2\uff88\uff921). Net primary productivity followed similar trends, but did not decline as much in the O stands. The ratio of fine root to foliage carbon was highest in the I stands, which is likely necessary for establishment in the semiarid environment, where forests are subject to drought during the growing season (300\uffe2\uff80\uff93800\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm precipitation per year). Carbon storage in live mass was the highest in the O stands (mean 17.6\uffe2\uff80\uff83kg C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922). Total ecosystem carbon storage and the fraction of ecosystem carbon in aboveground wood mass increased rapidly until 150\uffe2\uff80\uff93200\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, and did not decline in older stands. Forest inventory data on 950 ponderosa pine plots in Oregon show that the greatest proportion of plots exist in stands \uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff83100\uffe2\uff80\uff83years old, indicating that a majority of stands are approaching maximum carbon storage and net carbon uptake. Our data suggests that NEP averages \uffe2\uff88\uffbc\uffe2\uff80\uff8370\uffe2\uff80\uff83g C\uffe2\uff80\uff83m\uffe2\uff88\uff922\uffe2\uff80\uff83year\uffe2\uff88\uff921 for ponderosa pine forests in Oregon. About 85% of the total carbon storage in biomass on the survey plots exists in stands greater than 100\uffe2\uff80\uff83years, which has implications for managing forests for carbon sequestration. To investigate variation in carbon storage and fluxes with disturbance, simulation with process models requires a dynamic parameterization for biomass allocation that depends on stand age, and should include a representation of competition between multiple plant functional types for space, water, and nutrients.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00624.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00624.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00624.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00624.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00665.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-10-16", "title": "Effects Of Free-Air Co2 Enrichment (Face) On Ch4 Emission From A Rice Paddy Field", "description": "Abstract

Methane (CH4) is a particularly potent greenhouse gas with a radiative forcing 23 times that of CO2on a per mass basis. Flooded rice paddies are a major source of CH4emissions to the Earth's atmosphere. A free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2enrichment (FACE) experiment was conducted to evaluate changes in crop productivity and the crop ecosystem under enriched CO2conditions during three rice growth seasons from 1998 to 2000 in a rice paddy at Shizukuishi, Iwate, Japan. To understand the influence of elevated atmospheric CO2concentrations on CH4emission, we measured methane flux from FACE rice fields and rice fields with ambient levels of CO2during the 1999 and 2000 growing seasons. Methane production and oxidation potentials of soil samples collected when the rice was at the tillering and flowering stages in 2000 were measured in the laboratory by the anaerobic incubation and alternative propylene substrates methods, respectively. The average tiller number and root dry biomass were clearly larger in the plots with elevated CO2during all rice growth stages. No difference in methane oxidation potential between FACE and ambient treatments was found, but the methane production potential of soils during the flowering stage was significantly greater under FACE than under ambient conditions. When free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2was enriched to 550\uffe2\uff80\uff83ppmv, the CH4emissions from the rice paddy field increased significantly, by 38% in 1999 and 51% in 2000. The increased CH4emissions were attributed to accelerated CH4production potential as a result of more root exudates and root autolysis products and to increased plant\uffe2\uff80\uff90mediated CH4emissions because of the larger rice tiller numbers under FACE conditions.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00665.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00665.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00665.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00665.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-05-21", "title": "Effects Of Raised Co2 On Potential Ch4 Production And Oxidation In, And Ch4 Emission From, A Boreal Mire", "description": "

1\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff8aIn a glasshouse experiment we studied the effect of raised CO2 concentration (720\uffe2\uff80\uff8ap.p.m.) on CH4 emission at natural boreal peat temperatures using intact cores of boreal peat with living vascular plants and Sphagnum mosses. After the end of the growing season half of the cores were kept unnaturally warm (17\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffc2\uffb0C). The potential for CH4 production and oxidation was measured at the end of the emission experiment.

2\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff8aThe vascular cores (\uffe2\uff80\uff98Sedge\uffe2\uff80\uff99) consisted of a moss layer with sedges, and the moss cores (\uffe2\uff80\uff98Sphagnum\uffe2\uff80\uff99) of Sphagnum mosses (some sedge seedlings were removed by cutting). Methane efflux was 6\uffe2\uff80\uff9312 times higher from the Sedge cores than from the Sphagnum cores. The release of CH4 from Sedge cores increased with increasing temperature of the peat and decreased with decreasing temperature. Methane efflux from Sphagnum cores was quite stable independent of the peat temperatures.

3\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff8aIn both Sedge and Sphagnum samples, CO2 treatment doubled the potential CH4 production but had no effect on the potential CH4 oxidation. A raised concentration of CO2 increased CH4 efflux weakly and only at the highest peat temperatures (17\uffe2\uff80\uff9320\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffc2\uffb0C).

4\uffe2\uff80\uff8a\uffe2\uff80\uff8aThe results suggest that in cool regions, such as boreal wetlands, temperature would restrict decomposition of the extra substrates probably derived from enhanced primary production of mire vegetation under raised CO2 concentrations, and would thus retard any consequent increase in CH4 emission.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1998-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Do Species And Functional Groups Differ In Acquisition And Use Of C, N And Water Under Varying Atmospheric Co2 And N Availability Regimes? A Field Test With 16 Grassland Species", "description": "Summary

\uffe2\uff80\uff82To evaluate whether functional groups have a similar response to global change, the responses to CO2 concentration and N availability of grassland species from several functional groups are reported here.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Sixteen perennial grassland species from four trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90based functional groups (C3 grasses, C4 grasses, non\uffe2\uff80\uff90leguminous forbs, legumes) were grown in field monocultures under ambient or elevated (560\uffc2\uffa0\uffc2\uffb5mol mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 using free\uffe2\uff80\uff90air CO2 enrichment (FACE), in low N (unamended field soil) or high N (field soil +4\uffc2\uffa0g\uffc2\uffa0N\uffc2\uffa0m\uffe2\uff88\uff922 years\uffe2\uff88\uff921) treatments.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82There were no CO2\uffc2\uffa0\uffc3\uff97\uffc2\uffa0N interactions. Functional groups responded differently to CO2 and N in terms of biomass, tissue N concentration and soil solution N. Under elevated CO2, forbs, legumes and C3 grasses increased total biomass by 31%, 18%, and 9%, respectively, whereas biomass was reduced in C4\uffe2\uff80\uff90grass monocultures. Two of the four legume species increased biomass and total plant N pools under elevated CO2, probably due to stimulated N\uffe2\uff80\uff90fixation. Only one species markedly shifted the proportional distribution of below\uffe2\uff80\uff90 vs aboveground biomass in response to CO2 or N.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Although functional groups varied in responses to CO2 and N, there was also substantial variation in responses among species within groups. These results suggest that current trait\uffe2\uff80\uff90based functional classifications might be useful, but not sufficient, for understanding plant and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 and N availability.

", "keywords": ["580", "N availability", "2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "biomass", "legumes", "070601 - Horticultural Crop Growth and Development", "elevated carbon dioxide", "carbon dioxide", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen", "forbs", "grasses", "Natural Resources and Conservation", "Functional groups", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00831.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "N-2 Fixation By Acacia Species Increases Under Elevated Atmospheric Co2", "description": "Abstract

In the present study the effect of elevated CO2 on growth and nitrogen fixation of seven Australian Acacia species was investigated. Two species from semi\uffe2\uff80\uff90arid environments in central Australia (Acacia aneura and A. tetragonophylla) and five species from temperate south\uffe2\uff80\uff90eastern Australia (Acacia irrorata, A. mearnsii, A. dealbata, A. implexa and A. melanoxylon) were grown for up to 148\uffe2\uff80\uff83d in controlled greenhouse conditions at either ambient (350\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) or elevated (700\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffc2\uffb5mol\uffe2\uff80\uff83mol\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 concentrations. After establishment of nodules, the plants were completely dependent on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Six out of seven species had greater relative growth rates and lower whole plant nitrogen concentrations under elevated versus normal CO2. Enhanced growth resulted in an increase in the amount of nitrogen fixed symbiotically for five of the species. In general, this was the consequence of lower whole\uffe2\uff80\uff90plant nitrogen concentrations, which equate to a larger plant and greater nodule mass for a given amount of nitrogen. Since the average amount of nitrogen fixed per unit nodule mass was unaltered by atmospheric CO2, more nitrogen could be fixed for a given amount of plant nitrogen. For three of the species, elevated CO2 increased the rate of nitrogen fixation per unit nodule mass and time, but this was completely offset by a reduction in nodule mass per unit plant mass.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "Acacia mearnsii", "Elevated atmospheric CO2", "Aneura Acacia", "Acacia", "growth response", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Acacia dealbata", "Relative growth rate", "03 medical and health sciences", "nitrogen fixation", "Acacia aneura", "Nitrogenase", "Keywords: carbon dioxide enrichment", "Acacia melanoxylon"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00831.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%2C%20Cell%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00831.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00831.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00831.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-03-21T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.t01-1-00256.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-11", "title": "Representation Of Vegetation Dynamics In The Modelling Of Terrestrial Ecosystems: Comparing Two Contrasting Approaches Within European Climate Space", "description": "Abstract

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Advances in dynamic ecosystem modelling have made a number of different approaches to vegetation dynamics possible. Here we compare two models representing contrasting degrees of abstraction of the processes governing dynamics in real vegetation.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Model (a) (GUESS) simulates explicitly growth and competition among individual plants. Differences in crown structure (height, depth, area and LAI) influence relative light uptake by neighbours. Assimilated carbon is allocated individually by each plant to its leaf, fine root and sapwood tissues. Carbon allocation and turnover of sapwood to heartwood in turn govern height and diameter growth.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Model (b) (LPJ) incorporates a \uffe2\uff80\uff98dynamic global vegetation model\uffe2\uff80\uff99 (DGVM) architecture, simulating growth of populations of plant functional types (PFTs) over a grid cell, integrating individual\uffe2\uff80\uff90level processes over the proportional area (foliar projective cover, FPC) occupied by each PFT. Individual plants are not simulated, but are replaced by explicit parameterizations of their growth and interactions.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82The models are identical in their representation of core physiological and biogeochemical processes. Both also use the same set of PFTs, corresponding to the major woody plant groups in Europe, plus a grass type.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82When applied at a range of locations, broadly spanning climatic variation within Europe, both models successfully predicted PFT composition and succession within modern natural vegetation. However, the individual\uffe2\uff80\uff90based model performed better in areas where deciduous and evergreen types coincide, and in areas subject to pronounced seasonal water deficits, which would tend to favour grasses over drought\uffe2\uff80\uff90intolerant trees.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Differences in model performance could be traced to their treatment of individual\uffe2\uff80\uff90level processes, in particular light competition and stress\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced mortality.

\uffe2\uff80\uff82Our results suggest that an explicit individual\uffe2\uff80\uff90based approach to vegetation dynamics may be an advantage in modelling of ecosystem structure and function at the resolution required for regional\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to continental\uffe2\uff80\uff90scale studies.

", "keywords": ["580", "0106 biological sciences", "570", "plants", "0207 environmental engineering", "500", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "mortality", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "13. Climate action", "XXXXXX - Unknown", "ecosystems", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.t01-1-00256.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Ecology%20and%20Biogeography", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.t01-1-00256.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.t01-1-00256.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.t01-1-00256.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Root Growth And Function Of Three Mojave Desert Grasses In Response To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Concentration", "description": "

Root growth and physiological responses to elevated CO2 were investigated for three important Mojave Desert grasses: the C3 perennial Achnatherum hymenoides, the C4 perennial Pleuraphis rigida and the C3 annual Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens. Seeds of each species were grown at ambient (360 \uffce\uffbcl l\uffe2\uff88\uff921) or elevated (1000 \uffce\uffbcl l\uffe2\uff88\uff921) CO2 in a glasshouse and harvested at three phenological stages: vegetative, anthesis and seed fill. Because P. rigida did not flower during the course of this study, harvests for this species represent three vegetative stages. Primary productivity was increased in both C3 grasses in response to elevated CO2 (40 and 19% for A. hymenoides and B. rubens, respectively), but root biomass increased only in the C3 perennial grass. Neither above\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground nor below\uffe2\uff80\uff90ground biomass of the C4 perennial grass was significantly affected by the CO2 treatment. Elevated CO2 did not significantly affect root surface area for any species. Total plant nitrogen was also not statistically different between CO2 treatments for any species, indicating no enhanced uptake of N under elevated CO2. Physiological uptake capacities for NO3 and NH4 were not affected by the CO2 treatment during the second harvest; measurements were not made for the first harvest. However, at the third harvest uptake capacity was significantly decreased in response to elevated CO2 for at least one N form in each species. NO3 uptake rates were lower in A. hymenoides and P. rigida, and NH4 uptake rates were lower in B. rubens at elevated CO2. Nitrogen uptake on a whole root\uffe2\uff80\uff90system basis (NO3+NH4 uptake capacity \uffc3\uff97 root biomass) was influenced positively by elevated CO2 only for A. hymenoides after anthesis. These results suggest that elevated CO2 may result in a competitive advantage for A. hymenoides relative to species that do not increase root\uffe2\uff80\uff90system N uptake capacity. Root respiration measurements normalized to 20 \uffc2\uffb0C were not significantly affected by the CO2 treatment. However, specific root respiration was significantly correlated with either root C\uffe2\uff88\uffb6N ratio or root water content when all data per species were included within a simple regression model. The results of this study provide little evidence for up\uffe2\uff80\uff90regulation of root physiology in response to elevated CO2 and indicate that root biomass responses to CO2 are species\uffe2\uff80\uff90specific.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "ABSORPTION D'AZOTE", "CO2", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy", "[SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00576.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00665.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Growth Responses Of Quercus Petraea, Fraxinus Excelsior And Pinus Sylvestris To Elevated Carbon Dioxide, Ozone And Water Supply", "description": "

Seedlings of Quercus petraea (oak), Fraxinus excelsior (ash) and Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) were grown at two CO2 concentrations with two O3 and two water supply treatments for 3 yr in a factorial experiment. Oak was the most responsive species to all three treatments; elevated CO2 and irrigation increased biomass by an average of 79% and 41%, respectively, whereas the ozone treatment resulted in a 30% reduction in growth. Significant treatment interactions in this species demonstrated that CO2 ameliorated and irrigation exacerbated the effects of ozone. For Scots pine and ash, irrigation and elevated CO2 increased growth by approx. 60% and 20%, respectively, whereas ozone had no detectable effect on ash and resulted in a 15% reduction in growth of Scots pine. Carbon partitioning to the shoot was enhanced by both the CO2 and H2O treatments in oak, while branching was also increased in this species in response to elevated O3, resulting in changes to the allometric relationships. CO2 enhanced leaf production in oak and Scots pine, and together with the promotion of shoot allocation, this indicates an increased susceptibility to windthrow. Biomass accumulation expressed as relative growth rate, suggested three different time\uffe2\uff80\uff90dependent growth responses to elevated CO2; the CO2 fertilization effect was maintained through the third year of growth in oak, had disappeared in Scots pine and a negative effect was evident in ash. Foliar nitrogen and chlorophyll concentrations indicated a CO2\uffe2\uff80\uff90induced nitrogen deficiency in oak and ash, but not in Scots pine. Chlorophyll degradation in response to ozone was observed in oak, an effect that was enhanced by irrigation and reduced by CO2, presumably through stomatal mediated changes in effective ozone dose. These results therefore suggest that elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations will enhance growth of some UK forest tree species, although this might only be apparent during the juvenile phase. However, nitrogen deficiencies might limit this enhancement on some sites while changes in allocation and leaf area might promote susceptibility to windthrow. Elevated CO2 also provides some protection against ozone pollution, especially in combination with limited soil moisture availability. These interactions between CO2, ozone and water supply should be taken into account when predicting the effects of environmental change on tree growth and forest productivity.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "S. B. Jackson, M. S. J. Broadmeadow,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00665.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00665.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00665.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00665.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01020.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Closed Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Fifteen Years Of Vegetation And Soil Development After Brackish-Water Marsh Creation", "description": "Abstract

Aboveground biomass, macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90organic matter (MOM), and wetland soil characteristics were measured periodically between 1983 and 1998 in a created brackish\uffe2\uff80\uff90water marsh and a nearby natural marsh along the Pamlico River estuary, North Carolina to evaluate the development of wetland vegetation and soil dependent functions after marsh creation. Development of aboveground biomass and MOM was dependent on elevation and frequency of tidal inundation. Aboveground biomass ofSpartina alterniflora, which occupied low elevations along tidal creeks and was inundated frequently, developed to levels similar to the natural marsh (750 to 1,300 g/m2) within three years after creation.Spartina cynosuroides, which dominated interior areas of the marsh and was flooded less frequently, required 9 years to consistently achieve aboveground biomass equivalent to the natural marsh (600 to 1,560 g/m2). Aboveground biomass ofSpartina patens, which was planted at the highest elevations along the terrestrial margin and seldom flooded, never consistently developed aboveground biomass comparable with the natural marsh during the 15 years after marsh creation. MOM (0 to 10 cm) generally developed at the same rate as aboveground biomass. Between 1988 and 1998, soil bulk density decreased and porosity and organic C and N pools increased in the created marsh. Like vegetation, wetland soil development proceeded faster in response to increased inundation, especially in the streamside zone dominated byS. alterniflora.We estimated that in the streamside and interior zones, an additional 30 years (nitrogen) to 90 years (organic C, porosity) are needed for the upper 30 cm of created marsh soil to become equivalent to the natural marsh. Wetland soil characteristics of theS. patenscommunity along upland fringe will take longer to develop, more than 200 years. Development of the benthic invertebrate\uffe2\uff80\uff90based food web, which depends on organic matter enrichment of the upper 5 to 10 cm of soil, is expected to take less time. Wetland soil characteristics and functions of created irregularly flooded brackish marshes require longer to develop compared with regularly flooded salt marshes because reduced tidal inundation slows wetland vegetation and soil development. The hydrologic regime (regularly vs. irregularly flooded) of the \uffe2\uff80\uff9ctarget\uffe2\uff80\uff9d wetland should be considered when setting realistic expectations for success criteria of created and restored wetlands.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Christopher B. Craft, Carlton Campbell, Stephen W. Broome,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01020.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Restoration%20Ecology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01020.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01020.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.01020.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00015.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Elevated Co2 Increases Biomass And Tuber Yield In Potato Even At High Ozone Concentrations", "description": "\u2022\u2002 Changes in the growth and yield of field-grown potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Bintje) induced by season-long elevated CO2 and/or ozone concentrations are reported. \u2022\u2002 Open-top chambers and unchambered field plots were used to examine crop responses to three CO2 (ambient, 550 and 680\u00a0\u00b5mol mol-1 ) and two ozone (ambient and 65\u00a0nmol\u00a0mol-1 , 8\u00a0h\u00a0d-1 seasonal mean) treatments applied throughout the 105 d growing season. \u2022\u2002 Elevated CO2 increased both above- and below-ground biomass at intermediate and final harvests. Tuber yield at final harvest was increased by c.\u00a040% due to an increase in mean tuber weight rather than tuber number; tuber yield did not differ significantly between the 550 and 680\u00a0\u00b5mol mol-1 CO2 treatments. Elevated ozone had no significant effect on growth or yield except for the largest size category of tubers, despite extensive visible foliar injury. Significant CO2 \u00a0\u00d7\u00a0ozone interactions were detected only for senescent leaf number and green leaf ratio. \u2022\u2002 Elevated CO2 increases biomass and tuber yield in S. tuberosum cv. Bintje even at high ozone concentrations; these findings are discussed in relation to predicted future atmospheric changes.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "2. Zero hunger", "03 medical and health sciences", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00015.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00015.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00015.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00015.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00667.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "N Deposition Affects N Availability In Interstitial Water, Growth Of Sphagnum And Invasion Of Vascular Plants In Bog Vegetation", "description": "\u2022 We studied the effects of N deposition on shrub-moss competition and the establishment and growth of invasive Betula pubescens and Molinia caerulea in intact bog vegetation removed from a site subject to 40 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . \u2022 Mesocosms with and without introduced Betula seedlings and Molinia sprouts were kept under a roof and received an equivalent of 0, 40 and 80 kg N ha -1 yr -1 for two growing seasons. \u2022 N concentration in both interstitial water and Sphagnum decreased when N input ceased and increased when N input was doubled. Molinia biomass was positively related to the inorganic N concentration in the interstitial water. Adding N increased production of Molinia and prolonged survival of Betula seedlings in the first year. Sphagnum height increment showed a hump-shaped relationship with light interception by vascular plants. \u2022 N deposition encouraged vascular plants to grow by enhancing N availability in the rhizosphere. Water table level and the availability of P were found to be important in explaining species-specific responses to N deposition. The underlying mechanisms and the reversibility of N effects are discussed.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "fate", "fertilization", "atmospheric nitrogen", "litter decomposition", "heathland", "15. Life on land", "accumulation", "ecosystems", "mire", "01 natural sciences", "peatlands", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00667.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00667.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00667.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00667.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-01-24T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00656.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:55Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-03-12", "title": "Elevated Pco(2) Affects N-Metabolism Of Young Poplar Plants (Populus Tremula X P-Alba) Differently At Deficient And Sufficient N-Supply", "description": "\u2022\u2002 The effects of N-availability and elevated atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure ( pCO2 ) on growth, allometry and N-metabolism of poplar plants are reported here. \u2022\u2002 Poplar plants were grown hydroponically at deficient and sufficient N-supply under ambient and elevated pCO2 . The N-fluxes within the plants were estimated by comparing the fate of newly acquired 15 N-NO3 - in plants either severely N-limited or with sufficient N-supply. \u2022\u2002 At deficient N-supply, plants accumulated less biomass and exhibited an increased root\u00a0:\u00a0shoot ratio compared with sufficient N-supply; a larger fraction of newly acquired 15 N was allocated to the youngest leaves immediately after exchange of the nutrient solution. Increasing the external N-supply from deficient to sufficient shifted the site of nitrate reduction from roots to leaves. \u2022\u2002 Elevated pCO2 increased total biomass and the root\u00a0:\u00a0shoot ratio at deficient N-supply, but had no effect at sufficient N-supply. Elevated pCO2 decreased rates of N-uptake in both treatments. Increased root\u00a0:\u00a0shoot ratio at deficient N-supply coincided with enhanced nitrate reduction in the root and elevated pCO2 also enhanced the allocation of newly acquired 15 N to the youngest leaves. Root nitrate reduction as a possible factor controlling the root\u00a0:\u00a0shoot ratio and N-allocation is discussed.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00656.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00656.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00656.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00656.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2002-12-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2003-11-17", "title": "Fine-Root Respiration In A Loblolly Pine And Sweetgum Forest Growing In Elevated Co2", "description": "\u2022\u2002 The loss of carbon below-ground through respiration of fine roots may be modified by global change. Here we tested the hypothesis that a reduction in N concentration of tree fine-roots grown in an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration would reduce maintenance respiration and that more energy would be used for root growth and N uptake. We partitioned total fine-root respiration (RT ) between maintenance (RM ), growth (RG ), and N uptake respiration (RN ) for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) forests exposed to elevated CO2 . \u2022\u2002 A substantial increase in fine-root production contributed to a 151% increase in RG for loblolly pine in elevated CO2 . Root specific RM for pine was 24% lower under elevated CO2 but when extrapolated to the entire forest, no treatment effect could be detected. \u2022\u2002 R G (<\u00a010%) and RN (<\u00a03%) were small components of RM in both forests. Maintenance respiration was the vast majority of RT , and contributed 92% and 86% of these totals at the pine and sweetgum forests, respectively. \u2022\u2002 The hypothesis was rejected because the majority of fine-root respiration was used for maintenance and was not reduced by changes in root N concentration in elevated CO2 . Because of its large contribution to RT and total soil CO2 efflux, changes in RM caused by warming may greatly alter carbon losses from forests to the atmosphere.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Temperate forest", "Sweetgum (Liquidambar styeaciflua)", "Growth respiration", "Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)", "Maintenance respiration", "Nitrogen uptake respiration", "15. Life on land", "Free-air CO enrichment (FACE) 2", "01 natural sciences", "Annual fine-root respiration"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/New%20Phytologist", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-11-17T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/jphotov.2020.3043104", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:45Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-05", "title": "Improved PV Soiling Extraction Through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points", "description": "

<b>Accepted Manuscript (Postprint): </b>L. Micheli et al., \uffe2\uff80\uff9cImproved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points,\uffe2\uff80\uff9d IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, March 2021.

", "keywords": ["13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "0202 electrical engineering", " electronic engineering", " information engineering", "02 engineering and technology", "Electrical and Electronic Engineering", "monitoring; photovoltaic (PV) systems; regression analysis; soiling; time-series analysis", "Condensed Matter Physics", "6. Clean water", "Electronic", " Optical and Magnetic Materials"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1625157/3/Micheli_Improved%20PV_post-print_2021.pdf"}, {"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/5503869/9358028/09312967.pdf?arnumber=9312967"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/jphotov.2020.3043104"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/IEEE%20Journal%20of%20Photovoltaics", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/jphotov.2020.3043104", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/jphotov.2020.3043104", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/jphotov.2020.3043104"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "1983/38cb9066-8784-4005-9693-98996b291220", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:27:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-03-12", "title": "Editorial: Novel Isotope Systems and Biogeochemical Cycling During Cryospheric Weathering in Polar Environments", "description": "Cryospheric weathering processes in permafrost and glaciated environments play an essential role in carbon cycling within the Earth system. Chemical weathering of silicate, carbonate and sulfidebearing rocks releases cations and anions that can consume (or release) atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as biologically important nutrients such as phosphorous, iron and silicon, which can impact downstream ecosystems (Figure 1). How these cryospheric weathering processes will respond to future climate-driven changes in permafrost thaw and glacial melt is difficult to predict due to the role of complex forcing mechanisms and feedbacks. Isotope geochemistry utilizes changes in the relative abundance of different isotopes due to physical, chemical and biological reactions, allowing some of the complexities of cryospheric weathering processes to be unpicked. In recent years, there has been an explosion in the range of stable and radiogenic isotope systems used for the study of high-latitude environments, including isotopes of major elements such as carbon, oxygen, and silicon (e.g., Opfergelt et al., 2013; Kutscher et al., 2017), and trace metal isotopes such as strontium (Hindshaw et al., 2014), lithium (Murphy et al., 2019), iron (Zhang et al., 2015), uranium-series (e.g., Arendt et al., 2018) and rare earth elements (e.g., Clinger et al., 2016). This research topic explores some of the developments in high-latitude field and experimental studies that utilize such geochemical tools to trace the degree and nature of weathering reactions that play a critical role in carbon cycling. The nine contributions to the research topic involve the analysis of traditional (C, N, S, O) and non-traditional (Mg, Li, Si, Ge) isotopes from different samples types such as river waters, lake waters, rocks, sediments, or mineral separates from locations both in the Northern (Greenland, Iceland, Canada, Svalbard) and Southern Hemisphere (Patagonia, Antarctica). Two papers use isotope geochemistry to explore organic and inorganic carbon cycling within permafrost and active layer soils. Jones et al. show that biogeochemical processes and decomposition pathways of organic carbon in ice-wedge polygons in Svalbard are dependent upon water and organic carbon content. Sulfur (\u03b434S) and oxygen (\u03b418O) isotopes show that iron and sulfate reduction processes dominate in water saturated, high organic carbon environments, whereas sulfide oxidation dominates in drier areas with less organic carbon. Zolkos and Tank use an experimental approach in combination with stable carbon isotopes (\u03b413CO2) to show that carbonate weathering coupled with sulfide oxidation in recently or previously unthawed Canadian permafrost sediments is a net source of inorganic CO2 to the atmosphere, albeit partly counterbalanced by carbonate buffering.", "keywords": ["glacier", "550", "Science", "Q", "551", "cryosphere", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "13. Climate action", "14. Life underwater", "isotope", "permafrost", "geochemistry", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/1983/38cb9066-8784-4005-9693-98996b291220"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Frontiers%20in%20Earth%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "1983/38cb9066-8784-4005-9693-98996b291220", "name": "item", "description": "1983/38cb9066-8784-4005-9693-98996b291220", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/1983/38cb9066-8784-4005-9693-98996b291220"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-03-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro/2009046", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2010-02-18", "title": "Soil And Vegetable Crop Response To Addition Of Different Levels Of Municipal Waste Compost Under Mediterranean Greenhouse Conditions", "description": "In the soil thematic strategy of the European Union Commission, a soil organic carbon content of 2% is indicated as a threshold below which a reduction in soil chemical, biological and physical fertility, and increase in erosion can be observed. Composting of organic matter 'exogenous' to soil (such as from municipalities, industries and agriculture sources) is recommended as an effective way to ensure the return of biomass to soil and the return of the soil organic matter losses. The composting of municipal solid wastes is seen as a strategy to divert organic waste materials from landfills. A municipal source-separated solid waste compost was used in a study carried out during 2003-2006 in Southern Italy. An annual tomato-snap bean-lettuce rotation was planted on a sandy loam soil with 26 g kg\u22121 organic carbon under greenhouse conditions. Different rates of compost (15-30-45 t ha\u22121 on a dry weight basis) and combinations of compost at a rate of 15 t ha\u22121 with reduced doses of mineral N fertilizer (1/2 or 1/4 of optimal supply) were compared with an untreated control and a N, P, K fertilized control. We found that: (1) increasing compost rates produced increasing positive soil organic carbon balances. The C conversion efficiency was 23 and 36% with 15 and 30 t ha\u22121, respectively, but declined to 28% with the highest rate of compost. Indeed, the higher the compost amounts applied, the higher the soil organic carbon losses. (2) Under tunnel-greenhouse conditions, all the fertilization strategies, except compost at a rate of 15 t ha\u22121, increased soil nitrate concentrations by up 100 to 400 mg kg\u22121 dry weight of soil, particularly in the spring-summer seasons. In the same period, nitrate contents in the untreated control reached 100 mg kg\u22121. (3) The average yield of marketable tomato for the four-year period was 114 t ha\u22121 and did not vary significantly among treatments. No differences in snap bean yields were detected among the fertilization treatments. In lettuce cultivation, however, 30 and 45 t ha\u22121 of compost yielded more than other treatments. In the tunnel-greenhouse environment, a high initial content of soil organic matter resulted in high vegetable yields over all four years, even without mineral or organic fertilizer supply. However, among the various fertilization strategies, the best solution able to restore annual soil carbon mineralization was the supply of 15 t ha\u22121 of compost. In addition, this rate reduced the hazards linked to the high release of nitrates in soil caused by 30 and 45 t ha\u22121 rates of compost or mineral fertilization.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Compost amendment - Soil C balance - Soil nitrates - Vegetable crops - Greenhouse - Soil enzyme activity", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "soil C balance", "compost amendment", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "soil enzyme activity", "13. Climate action", "greenhouse", "11. Sustainability", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "vegetable crops", "soil nitrates", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro/2009046"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomy%20for%20Sustainable%20Development", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro/2009046", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro/2009046", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro/2009046"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2010-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-09", "title": "Drainage Runoff And Migration Of Mineral Elements In Organic And Conventional Cropping Systems", "description": "Open AccessIn the present investigation, organic and intensive cropping systems were compared on small autonomous drainage plots in limed Luvisoils and Cambisoils as well as non-acid Cambisoils during the period 1995-1998. In the intensive cropping system with balanced nutrient application, the yield of all crops was 38-77% higher than in the organic cropping system. Cropping intensity had no influence on mineral concentration in drainage water, which depended on geochemical soil media. The concentrations of Cl$^-$ and NO$_3^-$ in drainage water were, respectively, 8-22 and 24-80% higher than in the organic system. But at low N application, improvement of fertilisation efficiency increased crop yield and decreased nitrate leaching at the same time. The leached amount of solutes depended mainly upon drainage runoff, which was 6-57% lower in the intensive cropping system than in the organic one, and much less upon its concentration. From this study, organic agriculture has no essential advantage compared with intensive agriculture, considering the amount of leached elements and compounds, and secondarily, crop productivity.", "keywords": ["lessivage", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "yield
---
agriculture intensive", "organic agriculture", "rendement", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "fertilisation", "intensive agriculture", "leaching", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "agriculture biologique", "nitrate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Antanas Sigitas Sileika, Saulius Guzys,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2003428"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomie", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro:2003428"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-18", "title": "The WMO SDS-WAS Regional Center for Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe", "description": "

Sand and dust storms (SDS) are an important threat to life, health, property, environment and economy in many countries, and play a significant role in different aspects of weather, climate and atmospheric chemistry. There is an increasing need for SDS accurate information and predictions to support early warning systems, and preparedness and mitigation plans. The present contribution introduces the current activities of the Regional Center for Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe of the WMO Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System (SDS-WAS). The Center has the mission is to enhance the ability of countries in the region to deliver timely and quality SDS forecasts, observations, information and knowledge to users through an international partnership of research and operational communities.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Dust forecasts", "13. Climate action", "Sand and dust storm", "11. Sustainability", "GE1-350", "Desert dust", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199904008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "The effect of clay water content in the Jet Erosion Test", "description": "

The understanding of the onset of breaching induced by surface erosion is fundamental to enable definition of the level of protection afforded by embankments and provision of standards for the design of new structures and the upgrading of existing ones. Compacted embankment materials are generally partially saturated due to seasonal variation in the water content. At the onset of the overflow process embankments undergo to a wetting process due to the changes at the outer surface boundary conditions (i.e. overflow). Erosion behaviour is known to be a counterbalance between gravity forces and shear erosion forces. However, as the particle size decreases (i.e. clayey soils), gravitational forces become negligible and electrochemical interaction between particles play a dominant role. Clay microstructure (e.g. particle configuration and inter-particle forces) changes with the hydro-mechanical stresses history. Thus, it is necessary to consider the microstructural changes in particle configuration to understand the influence of microstructure on the macroscopic behaviour of clay during erosion. Upon wetting, clay have a swelling/collapse behaviour. This research presents experimental results on erosion of clay samples compacted at the same initial dry density but with different compaction water content. The influence of different wetting times on erosion is also investigated. We show that for a given as-compacted water content, the longer the wetting stage, and hence the higher the sample water content, the more erodible the samples. Additionally, for samples compacted at the same dry density, the ones compacted on the dry side of optimum are more erodible than samples compacted at the optimum water content, despite the lower water content at formation. We hypothesise that this may be due to the formation of a different initial microstructure in sample on the dry side of optimum (i.e. bi-modal pore size distribution). Our results contribute to the fundamental understanding of time-dependent mechanisms that influence erosion of clay embankments during overflow and, hence, to embankment failure. In addition, these tests show how basic concepts of unsaturated soil mechanics can serve as a guide to \uffe2\uff80\uff98design\uffe2\uff80\uff99 the compaction conditions of embankment material.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "791", "TA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/68941/1/Beber_etal_E3S_The_effect_of_clay_water_content_in_the_Jet_Erosion_Test.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199202016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "An experimental investigation on the water retention behaviour of a silty soil for the computation of the lateral earth thrust on a retaining wall", "description": "

Retaining structures often interact with soils in unsaturated conditions and their performance is influenced by environmental actions. Currently, geotechnical analysis and design approaches mainly consider the soils either totally dry or totally saturated. Environmental actions, like infiltration due to rainfall, can significantly affect the lateral earth pressure of soils, influencing the performance of both temporary or permanent retaining structures. This paper deals with the investigation of the water retention behaviour of a silty soil for the computation of the soil thrust on a retaining wall during rainfall events. In this regard, the retention property of the involved geomaterial is investigated in laboratory through the combined use of high capacity tensiometers (HCT) and a dew-point hygrometer (WP4C). Considering drying and wetting paths, the experimental results are employed to calibrate the water retention behaviour for the computation of the failure shear strength of the geomaterial. The importance to monitor volume change during the characterization of the water retention behaviour of fine soils is highlighted. A series of analytical uncoupled hydro-mechanical analyses is performed to estimate the changing in the thrust of an unsaturated soil on a retaining wall under several infiltration rates. An appropriate modelling of the soil water retention behaviour is resulted to be crucial for the computation of lateral earth thrust.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199207011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "Critical State Lines of Portuguese liquefiable sands", "description": "

The Critical State framework has been used to describe the behaviour of sands and study the liquefaction susceptibility of these soils when sheared in static and cyclic conditions. The ocean coast and some fluvial basins of Portugal are characterised by the presence of sandy deposits that, combined with a moderate to high seismic activity, creates the conditions for moderate to high liquefaction susceptibility. The aim of this work is to study and compare five Portuguese liquefiable alluvial sands, collected in the centre-south of the continental territory. The experimental programme included a complete physical identification of the five materials and a series of triaxial tests in drained conditions. The specimens were prepared at a high initial void ratio (loose), using the moist-tamping technique with an appropriate initial water content, reaching void ratios close or slightly higher than emax. The specimens were fully saturated, isotropically consolidated and statically sheared at constant strain rate until reaching the critical state. Shear wave velocities after consolidation were measured using bender elements. The critical state and small-strain stiffness parameters are discussed and compared, evidencing the differences between these soils. Relationships between some of these parameters and physical characteristics are obtained.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "14. Life underwater"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199206003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "The effect of confinement in liquefaction tests carried out in a cyclic simple shear apparatus", "description": "

The cyclic simple shear tests can be used to reproduce in laboratory the complex behaviour of the soil during an earthquake, simulating the continuous rotation of the principal stress axes. In this research a comparison of results between cyclic simple shear tests carried out with confining pressure or confining rings is reported. A cyclic simple shear apparatus is used to carry out tests with confining rings (the conventional way to carry out cyclic simple shear tests) and with a confining pressure applied to the specimen through pressurized water, where the K0 condition during consolidation is guaranteed by a sophisticated control system. The apparatus, in both the configurations, is described in detail. All tests were carried out on reconstituted specimens of an Italian sand with similar initial conditions, such as low relative density and confining pressure. All experimental results are reported in the plane cyclic stress ratio (CSR) and number of cycles where liquefaction occurs (Nliq) in order to evaluate the effect of confinement on the liquefaction resistance of the studied sand.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Shear test", " Simple shear", "Shear test", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "Simple shear"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199208002"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "Timber sheet pile-vegetation model for stream bank retaining structure", "description": "

Timber sheet piles are widely used to protect canal and stream banks. Quite often, riparian vegetation also grows along these retaining structures. Roots of riparian vegetation mechanically reinforce the soil with their root systems. A timber sheetpile- vegetation model is developed taking into account the mechanical reinforcement of the vegetation roots. The model uses easy to obtain physical parameters, which makes it suitable to have a preliminary estimate of how the forces on the bio engineered structure would evolve.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "Timber", " vegetation", " stream bank", "GE1-350", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Abhijith Kamath, W.F. Gard, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen, Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212013"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "Thermal design and full-scale thermal response test on Energy Walls", "description": "

Energy geostructures (EG) are an innovative technology in the sustainable energy agenda that can be used to satisfy the heating and cooling needs of the built environment. EGs include several types of geostructures such as piles, walls, tunnels, shafts, sewers. The application of this technology to infrastructure projects is particularly interesting because of the important thermal potential offered by the large surfaces that can be thermally-activated. This study deals with thermo-active walls (Energy walls, EW), which are retaining structures used to sustain the sides of excavations. Aspects related to the hydro-thermal interactions and to the thermal design are here presented. Finally, the testing setup for the execution of a thermal response test on a recently-built EW in western Switzerland is discussed.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "9. Industry and infrastructure", "13. Climate action", "11. Sustainability", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199218011"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-25", "title": "Multi-scale effects on the hydraulic behaviour of a root-permeated and compacted soil", "description": "

While roots have been generally proved to be beneficial to soil mechanical behaviour, different and counterposed results have been found when investigating their effects on soil hydraulic response. Roots affect the hydro-mechanical and chemical properties of soils at different scales. In this regard, the paper focuses on studying the macroscopic hydraulic properties of root-permeated and compacted soils considering microstructural features coming from mercury intrusion porosimetry and X-ray micro-tomography. The results are interpreted bearing in mind the influence of the different soil hydraulic states on roots structure and physiology. The analysis of the results shows that roots growing in a compacted soil at low stresses are opening fissures while decreasing micropore volume inside aggregates due to chemical effects. This response has important effects on the hydraulic behaviour of the soil.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", "550", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "Soil hydraulic", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "[SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "[SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics", " Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Ecosystems", "GE1-350", "Soil compaction", "\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geot\u00e8cnia::Mec\u00e0nica de s\u00f2ls", "621", "Phylogenetics and taxonomy", "[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics", "Roots", "6. Clean water", "[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "Environmental sciences", "S\u00f2ls -- Compactaci\u00f3", "[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology", "environment/Ecosystems", ":Enginyeria civil::Geot\u00e8cnia::Mec\u00e0nica de s\u00f2ls [\u00c0rees tem\u00e0tiques de la UPC]", "Macroscopic hydraulic properties"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-06-07", "title": "Dissolved fluoride removal by OCP, a precursor of apatite", "description": "

The consumption of water with fluoride concentration higher than 1.5 mg/L (WHO recommended limit) is recognized to cause serious diseases. Fluoride removal from natural contaminated waters is a worldwide priority for more than 200 million people. The octacalcium phosphate (OCP), a mineralogical precursor of bio-apatite, is here tested as a fluoride remover. A new two-step method for the synthesis of OCP is proposed; it consists of 1) synthesis of brushite from calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid and, 2) subsequent hydrolysis of brushite. Fluoride removal experiments were performed in batch-mode using 200 mg of OCP in 50 ml solutions with different initial concentrations of fluoride (from 40 to 140 mg/L). Most of fluoride is removed within the first two hours, whereas the WHO limit of 1.5 mg/L is reached within a minimum of 3 hours for a starting Fconcentration of 40 mg/L, and in about 12 hours for a starting F-concentration of 80 mg/L. One gram of OCP can remove up to 26 mg of fluoride. The pH of the solution after the treatment is within the range of drinking water. XRD characterization of the solid phases, before and after the experiments, indicates that OCP transforms into fluorapatite via Fremoval from solution.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "GE1-350", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "3. Good health"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://iris.unica.it/bitstream/11584/272219/1/e3sconf_wri-162018_09012.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/20199809012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-16", "title": "Benefits and drawbacks of applied direct currents for soil improvement via carbonate mineralization", "description": "

The study presented herein adopts a new vision of the processes involved in carbonate mineralization induced by MICP from an electrochemical and crystal growth perspective. More precisely a specific line of focus refers to the species involved in the bio-chemical reactions and especially their net particle charge. By altering electro-chemical conditions via the application of direct electric currents, we observe distinctive trends related to: (i) overall reaction efficiency; (ii) carbonate mineralization/dissolution and (iii) spatial distribution of precipitates. The study introduces the concept of EA-MICP which stands for Electrically Assisted MICP as a means of improving the efficiency of soil bio-consolidation and overcoming various challenges which were previously reported in conventional MICP-based works. Results reveal both the detrimental and highly beneficial role that electric currents can hold in the complex, reactive and transport processes involved. An interesting finding is the \u201cdoped\u201d morphology of calcite crystals, precipitated under electric fields, validated by microstructural observations.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/202019505007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:23:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-02-24", "title": "The Large-eddy Observatory Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) with high-resolution, spatially-distributed observations of air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction from fiber-optic distributed sensing, towers, and ground-based remote sensing", "description": "

Abstract. The weak-wind stable boundary layer (wwSBL) is poorly described by theory and breaks basic assumptions necessary for observations of turbulence. Understanding the wwSBL requires distributed observations capable of separating between sub-mesoscales and turbulent scales. To this end, we present the Large eddy Observatory, Voitsumra Experiment 2019 (LOVE19) which featured 2105\uffe2\uff80\uff89m of fiber-optic distributed sensing (FODS) of air temperature and wind speed, as well as an experimental wind direction method, at scales as fine as 1\uffe2\uff80\uff89s and 0.127\uffe2\uff80\uff89m in addition to a suite of point observations of turbulence and ground-based remote sensing profiling. Additionally, flights with a fiber-optic cable attached to a tethered balloon (termed FlyFOX, Flying Fiber Optics eXperiment) provide an unprecedentedly detailed view of the boundary layer structure with a resolution of 0.254\uffe2\uff80\uff89m and 10\uffe2\uff80\uff89s between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height. Two examples are provided, demonstrating the unique capabilities of the LOVE19 data for examining boundary layer processes: (1) FODS observations between 1 and 200\uffe2\uff80\uff89m height during a period of gravity waves propagating across the entire boundary layer and (2) tracking a near-surface, transient, sub-mesoscale structure that causes an intermittent burst of turbulence. All data can be accessed at Zenodo through the DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4312976 (Lapo et\uffc2\uffa0al.,\uffc2\uffa02020a).

", "keywords": ["QE1-996.5", "550", "weak wind transport", "Atmospheric turbulence", "500", "Geology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental sciences", "complex terrain", "morning transition", "submeso-scale motions", "13. Climate action", "GE1-350", "stable boundary layers", "fiber optic distributed sensing", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/885/2022/essd-14-885-2022.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Earth%20System%20Science%20Data", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "name": "item", "description": "10.5194/essd-2020-392", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.5194/essd-2020-392"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-02-19T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-10-16", "title": "Fall cone test on biopolymer-treated clay", "description": "

Fall cone tests were conducted to evaluate the consistency variations of clay soils treated with six types of biopolymers, e.g. carrageenan kappa gum (KG), locust bean gum (BG), xanthan gum (XG), agar gum (AG), guar gum (GG) and sodium alginate (SA) at various concentrations (e.g. between 0.1% to 5% biopolymer to soil mass ratio). The dependences of shear viscosity on water content, and undrained shear strength on water content were established. The results indicated that KG and SA increased the liquid limit (LL) of treated soils after the biopolymer content exceeded a certain limit (e.g. 0.5%), BG and GG contributed to a peak point in LL at biopolymer concentration of 1% to 2%, while XG and AG almost did not change the LL at all. The plastic limit (PL) was about 25% to 50% of the LL, leading to a trend of plasticity index (PI) similar to liquid limit. In order to further simplify the testing procedure and get the Atterberg limits for biopolymer-treated soil, one-point method was adopted.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "TP", "TA", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhanbo, Cheng, Jing, Ni, Haotian, Ding, Xueyu, Geng,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/149214/7/WRAP-Fall-cone-test-biopolymer-treated-clay-2020.pdf"}, {"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503041"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "Versatile Bioelectrochemical system for heavy metals removal", "description": "

Industrial activity has resulted in heavy metals anthropogenic contamination of groundwater, especially in industrial or mining areas. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) can be used for metals removal and recovery from aqueous solutions. In the framework of GREENER project, double-chamber BES have been adopted to treat groundwater from industrial sites containing copper, nickel and zinc (Cu, Ni and Zn), among other contaminants. Two operation modes, (i) short-circuited microbial fuel cell (MFC), and (ii) power supply driven microbial electrolysis cell (MEC, poisoning the cathode at -0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl), were studied for metals removal at lab-scale. Two control reactors were run to evaluate metals adsorption on cathodes and membranes, and the effect of anolyte composition. Synthetic water containing different concentrations of Cu, Ni and Zn were treated, and metals removal pathways were studied. MEC and MFC performed similarly and the highest removal efficiencies were 97.1\u00b13.6%, 50.7\u00b16% and 74,5% for Cu, Ni and Zn respectively, from initial concentrations in the range of 1.1-1.5 mM.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0104 chemical sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408006"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/epjconf/202226612004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-10-13", "title": "Analysis of size and concentration of microplastics in water using static light scattering combined with PCA and LDA", "description": "

Quantitative analysis of size and concentration of microplastics is a crucial step for having a better understanding of plastic pollution in the environment. Such information is typically obtained in a single particle mode that significantly increases the analysis time and can be a cumbersome task. Therefore, we demonstrate here a measurement technique based on Static Light Scattering (SLS) combined with chemometric methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for resolving the size and concentration of multiple microplastic particles in water. Two sets of samples with uniform and non-uniform size distribution of microplastics, called \u201cmonodisperse\u201d and \u201cpolydisperse\u201d, respectively, are fully investigated. It is shown that a relationship exists between the scattering signals of mono- and polydisperse samples on the PCA space. Hence, a PCA-LDA model that is constructed on the PCA space of monodisperse samples is used to discriminate the size of the microplastics in polydisperse samples. By specifying the size of the particles, their concentration is determined using a simple linear fit.

", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "03 medical and health sciences", "13. Climate action", "Physics", "QC1-999", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Choobbari, Mehrdad Lotfi, Ciaccheri, Leonardo, Chalyan, Tatevik, Adinolfi, Barbara, Meulebroeck, Wendy, Ottevaere, Heidi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.epj-conferences.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226612004/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226612004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/EPJ%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/epjconf/202226612004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/epjconf/202226612004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/epjconf/202226612004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:19:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-03", "title": "Assessing spatial soil moisture patterns at a small agricultural catchment", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["Vegetation mapping", "13. Climate action", "Solid modeling", "0207 environmental engineering", "Three-dimensional displays", "Soil moisture", "Soil properties", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "Moisture", "6. Clean water", "Correlation"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9628139/9628392/09628588.pdf?arnumber=9628588"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/2021%20IEEE%20International%20Workshop%20on%20Metrology%20for%20Agriculture%20and%20Forestry%20%28MetroAgriFor%29", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "name": "item", "description": "10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1109/metroagrifor52389.2021.9628588"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-11-03T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "Minimalistic soil microbial fuel cells for bioremediation of recalcitrant pollutants", "description": "

Increased human, agricultural and industrial activities along with improper waste disposal leads to high levels of soil contamination and accumulation of recalcitrant contaminants in the environment. This global issue demands the use of green and sustainable technologies and soil microbial fuel cells (SMFC) can be a potential solution. We adopted minimalistic designs, based on low-cost carbon materials without any expensive catalyst and membrane, which makes the SMFCs suitable for in-field applications. We investigated the ability of the indigenous microbial population of the soil to use organic contaminants as the source of carbon and the enrichment of the electroactive consortium was monitored over time onto the electrode surface of the SMFCs. We tested performance in soil contaminated with pesticide and soil contaminated with hydrocarbons and compare the microbial enrichment process with respect to the case of non-contaminated soil.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "13. Climate action", "0211 other engineering and technologies", "GE1-350", "02 engineering and technology", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "3. Good health", "12. Responsible consumption", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-10", "title": "Towards cost-effective soil microbial fuel cell designs", "description": "

Soil microbial fuel cell (SMFC) is a carbon-neutral energy harvesting technology that exploits the use of electroactive bacteria naturally present in soil to directly generate electricity from organic compounds. Given the simplicity of the system design, SMFCs have great potential to be used for decentralised solutions, especially in areas where access to conventional energy sources is limited. Yet, the high cost to power ratio severely limits the translation of this technology into the market. With the aim of reducing the capital cost, in this study we explore the effect of decreasing the amounts of current collector (CC) on the performance. The results demonstrate that increasing the amount of current collector per surface area of the electrode is not a feasible way of enhancing power densities, as to increase the performance by 20% and 35%, the amount of current collector would have to be increased by 150% and 300%, respectively. This highlights the importance of economic evaluations when optimising the design of a SMFC.

", "keywords": ["Environmental sciences", "GE1-350", "7. Clean energy", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/E3S%20Web%20of%20Conferences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/e3sconf/202233408007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/e3sconf/202233408007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest:19990202", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-28", "title": "Responses Of Growth, Nitrogen And Carbon Partitioning To Elevated Atmospheric Co2 Concentration In Live Oak (Quercus Virginiana Mill.) Seedlings In Relation To Nutrient Supply", "description": "Des semis de Quercus virginiana Mill. ont ete exposes pendant six mois a deux concentrations en CO 2 atmospherique (370 \u03bcmol mol -1 ou 520 \u03bcmol mol -1 ) en combinaison avec deux traitements d'alimentation en azote (20 et 90 \u03bcmol mol -1 N total) du sol dans des chambres a ciel ouvert. Des semis ont ete recoltes a intervalle de 5-7 semaines. Le traitement CO 2 a eu un effet positif sur la croissance des semis. Les differences observees dans le poids de la biomasse entre les deux traitements CO 2 ont augmente au cours de la periode d'experimentation. La disponibilite du sol en azote n'a pas affecte la croissance de maniere significative. Neanmoins, la croissance en CO 2 elevee, en combinaison avec des niveaux eleves d'azote, amene une accumulation uniformement plus elevee de biomasse totale en fin d'experience (30-40 %). L'allocation de biomasse entre les differentes parties a ete semblable dans tous les traitements, mais etait sensiblement differente entre les recoltes. Les regimes azotes n'ont pas entraine de difference dans les taux de croissance relative (RGR) et les taux d'assimilation nette (NAR), alors que le traitement de CO 2 avait un effet significatif. A travers toutes les concentrations en CO 2 et les niveaux d'apport azote, il a ete mis en evidence une relation positive entre la masse des plantes et RGR, et cette relation n'a pas differe entre les traitements. La surface specifique de feuille (SLA) a diminue en concentration elevee de CO 2 . Le rapport de la masse de racine fine et de la masse de feuillage a ete augmente en forte concentration en CO 2 et a diminue avec les fortes concentrations en azote. Les semis traites avec une forte concentration en azote en CO 2 ont eu la plus grande croissance en hauteur et en diametre. Les rapports allometriques entre la biomasse de tige et de la racine et entre la croissance en hauteur et en diametre n'ont pas ete sensiblement affectes par une concentration elevee. Les concentrations du feuillage en azote ont ete reduites par les basses concentrations en azote du sol. La concentration en azote des semis diminue avec le temps. La concentration elevee en CO 2 a augmente le rapport C/N de tous les compartiments des semis, en raison de la diminution des concentrations en azote. Les semis soumis a une concentration elevee en CO 2 ont reduit les concentrations en azote comparativement au traitement CO 2 en concentration actuelle, si la comparaison se fait sur une base temporelle, mais sont semblables si l'on compare des semis de hauteurs identiques.", "keywords": ["0301 basic medicine", "0303 health sciences", "03 medical and health sciences", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "15. Life on land"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Roberto Tognetti, Roberto Tognetti, Jon D. Johnson,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19990202"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/ANNALS%20OF%20FOREST%20SCIENCE", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/forest:19990202", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/forest:19990202", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/forest:19990202"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/forest:19970204", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-04-03T16:18:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-08-29", "title": "Effects Of Liming And Gypsum Regimes On Chemical Characteristics Of An Acid Forest Soil And Its Leachates", "description": "Un sol brun acide (dystric cambisol, FAO) avec un humus mull compose des horizons Of, A 1 et (B) est utilise afin d'etudier les modifications chimiques du sol et de ses percolats. Le sol d'origine est reconstitue dans des colonnes associees a des lysimetres sans tensions. Les traitements sous forme CaCO 3 , CaCO 3 + MgO et CaSO 4 , 2H 2 O sont apportes aux doses equivalentes en CaO de 0, 0,56, 2,8 et 5,6 t ha -1 . Le pH du sol et les cations echangeables ont ete determines avant et apres application des traitements, et a la fin de la periode experimentale de 20 mois. La plus forte augmentation de la valeur du pH du sol est induite par les amendements. Elle est limitee a l'horizon A 1 pour la dose faible (0,56 t ha -1 ) mais elle est observee dans l'horizon (B) pour les doses 2,8 et 5,6 t ha -1 . La disponibilite en calcium echangeable est elevee sur une profondeur de 6 cm, mais diminue rapidement dans les couches profondes. La valeur du pH est augmentee significativement dans le traitement gypse mais uniquement dans les horizons Of et A 1 . L'augmentation en calcium est significative meme dans l'horizon (B). La saturation en aluminium a diminue essentiellement dans les couches enrichies en calcium et la ou les valeurs du pH sont elevees. Un effet comparable a celui du calcium est observe egalement pour le taux de saturation le long du profil de sol. Les percolats au travers du sol ont ete enrichis en cations basiques parallelement a une augmentation des valeurs du pH pour la dose la plus elevee d'amendements et avec les doses 2,8 et 5,6 t ha -1 pour le gypse. L'azote des percolats est sous forme de N-NO 3 pour les traitements amendements et le temoin, alors que la nitrification est inhibee avec le gypse ou l'azote est transfere principalement sous forme de N-NH 4 .", "keywords": ["CHAMPAGNE ARDENNES", "EAU DE DRAINAGE", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture", " forestry", "01 natural sciences", "CHENE", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Belkacem, S., Nys, Claude,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19970204"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Annales%20des%20Sciences%20Foresti%C3%A8res", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/forest:19970204", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/forest:19970204", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/forest:19970204"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=th&offset=3400&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=th&offset=3400&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=th&offset=3350", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=th&offset=3450", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 10326, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-04-04T14:44:00.191794Z"}