{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:18:40Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-17", "title": "Assessment Of Tillage Erosion Rates On Steep Slopes In Northern Laos", "description": "Abstract   In the hills of south-east Asia shifting cultivation is developing towards more permanent cropping systems. In association with short fallow periods, fields suffer from weed pressure and this, in turn, leads to more frequent and deeper manual tillage. Due to steep slopes these operations induce tillage erosion. Measurements of such soil losses under on-farm conditions are still scarce. In this study tillage erosion was assessed and a predictive model of tillage erosion was established based on slope angle and contact cover, i.e. basal crop area and weed cover. The experiments were conducted in the Houay Pano, Northern Laos. The farmers cultivate annual crops in rotation with 1\u20133 year fallow periods without external inputs and using only hand tools. Tillage erosion was assessed using the tracer method across nine slope classes (0.30\u20131.10\u00a0m\u00a0m \u22121 ) for two crops, upland rice and Job's tears ( Coix lacryma-jobi  L.). Soil movement due to land preparation and weeding were assessed separately because different tools are used, a medium size hoe and a small curved hoe. A multivariate regression showed a highly significant relation ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.83) between soil losses due to land preparation, slope gradient and contact cover. Predicting models of soil losses due to weeding were also highly significant ( R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.79 for upland rice,  R  2 \u00a0=\u00a00.88 for Job's tears), confirming the importance of tillage erosion on steep slopes (4, 6 and 11\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0year \u22121  on slopes with gradients of 0.30, 0.60 and 0.90\u00a0m\u00a0m \u22121 , respectively). Tillage erosion has increased exponentially over the last 40 years because of weed invasion associated with short fallow periods; the initially no-till system has changed into a system heavily dependent on tillage to control weeds and this greatly contributes to soil degradation.", "keywords": ["subsistence farming", "2. Zero hunger", "weed control", "Upland rice", "sloping land", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "shifting cultivation", "Weed pressure", "01 natural sciences", "630", "Tillage erosion", "Steep slopes", "upland rice", "Job's tears", "tillage", "Shifting cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.06.004", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:16:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-07-14", "title": "Runoff And Sediment Losses From 27 Upland Catchments In Southeast Asia: Impact Of Rapid Land Use Changes And Conservation Practices", "description": "Rapid changes in upland farming systems in Southeast Asia generated predominantly by increased population pressure and 'market forces' have resulted in widespread land degradation that has been well documented at the plot scale. Yet, the links between agricultural activities in the uplands and downstream off-site effects remain largely unknown because of the difficulties in transferring results from plots to a larger scale. Many authors have thus pointed out the need for long-term catchment studies. The objective of this paper is to summarize the results obtained by the Management of Soil Erosion Consortium (MSEC) over the last 5 years from 27 catchments in five countries (Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam). The purpose of the study was to assess the impacts of cultivation practices on annual runoff and erosion rates. Initial surveys in each catchment included topography, soils and land use. Monitoring included climatic, hydrologic and erosion (total sediment yield including bed load and suspended sediment load) data, land use and crop yields, and farmers' income. In addition, new land management options were introduced through consultations with farmers and evaluated in terms of runoff and erosion. These included tree plantations, fruit trees, improved fallow with legumes, maize intercropped with legumes, planted fodder, native grass strips and agro-ecological practices (direct sowing and mulch-based conservation agriculture). Regressions analyses showed that runoff during the rainy season, and normalized runoff flow coefficient based on erosive rainfall during the rainy season (rainfall with intensity exceeding 25 mm h(-1)) increase with the percentage of the catchment covered by maize. Both variables decrease with increasing soil depth, standard deviation of catchment slope (that reflects terrain roughness), and the percentages of the catchment covered by fallow (regular and improved), tree plantations and planted fodder. The best predictors of sediment yield were the surface percentages of maize, Job's tears, cassava and footpaths. The main conclusions generated from this study were: (i) soil erosion is predominantly influenced by land use rather than environmental characteristics not only at the plot scale but also at the catchment scale; (ii) slash-and-burn shifting cultivation with sufficiently long rotations (I year of cultivation, 8 years of fallow) is too often unjustly blamed for degradation; (iii) in its place, continuous cropping of maize and cassava promotes high rates of soil erosion at the catchment scale; (iv) conservation technologies are efficient in reducing runoff and total sediment yield at the catchment scale; (v) the adoption of improved soil management technologies by upland farmers is not a function of the degree of intensification of their farming system and/or of their incomes. The results suggest that if expansion of maize and cassava into already degraded upland systems were to occur due to increased demand for biofuels, there is a risk of higher runoff and sediment generation. A failure to adopt appropriate land use management strategies will result in further rapid resource degradation with negative impacts to downstream communities.", "keywords": ["550", "runoff", "sloping land", "[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "910", "maize", "01 natural sciences", "cassava", "630", "upland rice", "catchment areas", "farming systems", "[SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Cassava", "land use", "Upland rice", "soil conservation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "erosion", "shifting cultivation", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "Steep slopes", "13. Climate action", "Soil erosion", "Shifting cultivation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "sedimentation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.06.004"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture%2C%20Ecosystems%20%26amp%3B%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.06.004", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agee.2008.06.004", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agee.2008.06.004"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:17:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-10", "title": "Biochar Amendment Techniques For Upland Rice Production In Northern Laos", "description": "Abstract   The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar application (CA) on soil physical properties and grain yields of upland rice ( Oryza sativa  L.) in northern Laos. During the 2007 wet season, three different experiments were conducted under upland conditions at 10 sites, combining variations in CA amounts (0\u201316\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ), fertilizer application rates (N and P) and rice cultivars (improved and traditional) in northern Laos.  CA improved the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the top soil and the xylem sap flow of the rice plant. CA resulted in higher grain yields at sites with low P availability and improved the response to N and NP chemical fertilizer treatments. However, CA reduced leaf SPAD values, possibly through a reduction of the availability of soil nitrogen, indicating that CA without additional N fertilizer application could reduce grain yields in soils with a low indigenous N supply. These results suggest that CA has the potential to improve soil productivity of upland rice production in Laos, but that the effect of CA application is highly dependent on soil fertility and fertilizer management.", "keywords": ["Biochar", "Available phosphorus", "Leaf SPAD", "Upland rice", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Nitrogen fertilizer", "01 natural sciences", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.7910/DVN/2XHKHB", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-06-26T16:27:59Z", "type": "Dataset", "created": "2009-01-01", "title": "Performance of diverse upland rice cultivars in low and high soil fertility conditions in West Africa", "description": "Traditional tropical japonica (Oryza sativa) and Oryzaglaberrimacultivars are typically grown in lowinput, subsistence production systems in the uplands of West Africa by resource-poor farmers. In these systems, low soil fertility (LF), which is generally associated with lower organic carbon content, and N and P availability, is one of the major constraints to rice productivity. Thus, cultivars adapted to LF are needed for the food security of farmers, who would otherwise be solely reliant on nutrient inputs to increase productivity. This study evaluated the performance of six diverse cultivars grown in LF and high soil fertility (HF) conditions with supplemental irrigation over two seasons. Average grain yield across all cultivars in LF was 54% of that in HF (156 vs. 340 g m_2). Three improved indicarice cultivars and CG 14 (O. glaberrima) out-yielded Morobe\u00b4 re\u00b4kan (traditional tropical japonica) and WAB450-IBP-38-HB (progeny from interspecific hybridization of tropical japonica and O. glaberrima) in LF (181 vs. 105 g m_2 on average). The high grain yield in LF was the result of large spikelet number m_2 due to superior tillering ability and high harvest index rather than biomass production. The high-yielding cultivars in LF consistently had lower leaf chlorophyll content and higher specific leaf area during the period from the early vegetative stage through the reproductive stage. Among them, two indicacultivars (B6144F-MR-6-0-0 and IR 55423-01) were also high yielding in HF. The use of improved indicacultivars adapted to LF, but also with input-responsiveness, appears to offer an attractive and economical approach to improving upland rice productivity and widening genetic diversity in this region.", "keywords": ["Specific leaf area", "West Africa", "Indica", "Upland rice", "Low soil fertility", "Chlorophyll content", "Oryzaglaberrima"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Saito, Kazuki, Futakuchi, Koichi,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/2XHKHB"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.7910/DVN/2XHKHB", "name": "item", "description": "10.7910/DVN/2XHKHB", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.7910/DVN/2XHKHB"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=upland+rice&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=upland+rice&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "first", "title": "items (first)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=upland+rice&", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "last", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (last)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=upland+rice&offset=4", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 4, "numberReturned": 4, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-06-26T19:20:45.942936Z"}