{"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.001", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-03-18", "title": "Impacts of plastic film mulching on crop yields, soil water, nitrate, and organic carbon in Northwestern China: A meta-analysis", "description": "In order to increase crop yield in semi-arid and arid areas, plastic film mulching (PFM) is widely used in Northwestern China. To date, many studies have addressed the effects of PFM on soil physical and biochemical properties in rain-fed agriculture in Northwestern China, but the findings of different studies are often contradictory. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the impacts of PFM on soil water content, soil nutrients and food production is needed. We compiled the results of 1278 observations to evaluate the overall effects of PFM on soil water content, the distribution of nitrate and soil organic carbon, and crop yield in rain-fed agriculture in Northwestern China. Our results showed that PFM increased soil moisture and nitrate concentration in topsoils (0-20\u202fcm) by 12.9% and 28.2%, respectively, but slightly decreased (1.8%) soil organic carbon (SOC) content in the 0-10\u202fcm soil layer. PFM significantly increased grain yields by 43.1%, with greatest effect in spring maize (79.4%). When related to cumulative precipitation during the crop growing season, yield increase from PFM was greatest (72.8%) at 200-300\u202fmm, which was attributed to the large increase for spring maize and potato, implying that crop zoning would be beneficial for PFM in this region. When related to N application rate, crop yields benefited most from PFM (80.2%) at 200-300\u202fkg/ha. A cost-benefit analysis indicated that PFM increased economic return by an average of 29.5%, with the best improvement for spring maize (71.1%) and no increase for spring wheat. In conclusion, PFM can significantly increase crop yield and economic return (especially for spring maize) in rain-fed agriculture areas of Northwestern China. Crop zoning is recommended for PFM to achieve the largest economic benefit. However, full account needs to be taken of the environmental impacts relating to N loss, SOC depletion and film pollution to evaluate the sustainability of PFM systems and further research is required to quantify and mitigate these impacts.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "13. Climate action", "Plastic film mulching; Economic benefit; Grain yield; Soil water content; Nitrate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.001"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.001", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.001", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.001"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105979", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-18", "title": "Determining threshold values for root-soil water weighted plant water deficit index based smart irrigation", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). Plant water deficit index (PWDI) represents the extent of water stress by relating soil moisture to the ability of a plant to take up water including consideration of the relative distribution of soil water to roots. However, for a smart irrigation decision support system, we are challenged in determining reliable thresholds of PWDI to initiate irrigation events to achieve predetermined yield and/or water use efficiency (WUE) targets. Taking drip irrigated maize and sprinkler irrigated alfalfa as examples, field experiments were conducted to investigate the choice and effects of PWDI thresholds. The results indicated that, with increasing PWDI thresholds, irrigation times and quantity of water, as well as crop transpiration, growth, and yield, were all significantly limited while WUE was enhanced except under extremely stressed conditions. To disconnect the unpredictable effects of other factors, yield and WUE were normalized to their corresponding potential values. Within the experimentally determined range of PWDI, relative yield and WUE were described with linear functions for maize, and linear and quadratic functions for alfalfa, allowing identification of the most efficient threshold value according to the objective parameter of choice. The method described can be adopted in smart irrigation decision support systems with consideration of spatial variability and after further verification and improvement under more complicated situations with various crop types and varieties, environmental conditions, cultivation modes, and wider or dynamic PWDI thresholds allowing regulated deficit irrigation. This research was supported partly by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0118100, 2016YFD0200303), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1706211, 51790532), Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201411009), and the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Project SHui, grant agreement No 773903. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Yield", "PWDI", "Water stress", "Alfalfa", "Water use efficiency", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Maize", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105979"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105979", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105979", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105979"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107941", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:07Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-27", "title": "Decreased greenhouse gas intensity of winter wheat production under plastic film mulching in semi-arid areas", "description": "

Greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), the evaluation of GHG emissions per unit yield rather than per unit land area, has recently received much attention. Plastic film mulching (PFM) is one of the major agricultural practices in semi-arid areas, but few studies have synthetically studied the effects of PFM on GHGI, grain yield, soil characteristics, and their potential relationships at different winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing stages. Here in the semi-arid Chinese Loess Plateau, we simultaneously investigated two cropping systems from 2018 to 2020: PFM with 100 % cover and no film mulching (control). Averaged across two growing seasons, the PFM treatment significantly increased soil temperature, water-filled pore spaces and soil water storage, while sustaining high aboveground biomass (31.9 %) and grain yield (45.5 %). The PFM treatment significantly increased cumulative N2O emissions by 56.2 %, CO2 emissions by 39.7 %, and CH4 uptake by 151.4 % compared to the control treatment. GHGI are on average 14.2 % lower in the PFM treatment than in the control treatment. Moreover, the PFM treatment significantly improved soil enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, catalase, invertase, and urease) and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen from grain filling to maturity stage. Altogether, the reductions in GHGI suggest that PFM-induced increases in grain yield could outweigh the adverse impacts on GHG emissions, underscoring the potential to apply PFM for sustainable intensification of crop production in semi-arid areas.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Loess Plateau", "13. Climate action", "Global warming potential", "Greenhouse gas emissions", "Grain yield", "15. Life on land", "Greenhouse gas intensity", "6. Clean water", "12. Responsible consumption"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107941"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agricultural%20Water%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107941", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107941", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107941"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121922", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2020-05-04", "title": "The influence of nutrient management on soil organic carbon storage, crop production, and yield stability varies under different climates", "description": "Abstract Our understanding on how soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, crop yield, and yield stability are influenced by climate is limited. To critically examine this, the impact of long-term (\u226510 years) application of nutrient management practices on SOC storage, crop productivity, and yield stability were evaluated under different climatic conditions in China using a meta-analysis approach. The cropping area of China was divided into four distinct groups based on local climatic conditions (warm dry, DW; warm moist, WM; cool dry, CD; cool moist, CM). Results indicated that the impact of nutrient management practices on SOC storage, crop yield, and yield stability varies under different climatic zone in China. The use of unbalanced mineral fertilizer (UMF), and balanced mineral fertilizer (BMF) led to a loss in SOC storage by 6%, and 11% under CM climatic zone and gains in DW, WM, and CD climates. Organic fertilizers (OF), combined unbalanced mineral and organic fertilizers (UMOF), and combined balanced mineral and organic fertilizers (BMOF) were able to sustain and enhance SOC storage under all climatic conditions. However, the largest increase in SOC storage across all climates was seen for BMOF. Further, corresponding values of crop productivity and yield stability were also highest for BMOF among all the nutrient management treatments. A linear-plateau model indicated that maximal yield responsive SOC stock (Copt) levels ranged from 33.43 to 45.51\u00a0Mg\u00a0C ha\u22121 for rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) production. To enhance and sustain SOC storage, and crop productivity of croplands under different climates, BMOF appears to be the most appropriate nutrient management strategy. Our findings demonstrate that it is essential to optimize nutrient management strategies according to the local climate to protect soil from SOC losses, and for achieving sustainable crop production.", "keywords": ["Yield stability", "AGRICULTURE", "550", "INCREASES", "Supplementary Data", "QH301 Biology", "Strategy and Management", "SEQUESTRATION", "CHINA", "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "QH301", "Critical level", "SDG 13 - Climate Action", "Climate change", "SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy", "Renewable Energy", "SDG 2 - Zero Hunger", "General Environmental Science", "2. Zero hunger", "Sustainability and the Environment", "Crop yields", "Soil organic carbon", "PADDY FIELDS", "Nutrient management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "NITROGEN", "13. Climate action", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "STRAW", "LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION", "MATTER"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121922"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cleaner%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121922", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121922", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121922"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2020-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.catena.2022.106181", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:17Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-03-04", "title": "Sediment yields variation and response to the controlling factors in the Wei River Basin, China", "description": "Project Co-ordinators: Dr. Jose Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero (Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CISC), Dr. Weifeng Xu (Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, FAFU). -- Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). Assessing regional sediment yield variation and their responses to the potential controlling factors are critical to develop specific strategies of soil conservation measures to adapt to future climate change. This study attempted to investigate the spatial\u2013temporal variation of sediment load in the Wei River basin in the midstream of the Yellow River during 1961\u20132015 at 15 hydrological stations. The results indicated that annual sediment load in the past six decades decreased significantly (P < 0.01) with the changing trends of \u22126.43 \u00d7 104, \u22123.86 \u00d7 104, \u22124.6 \u00d7 104 t/a at Xianyang, Zhangjiashan, and Zhuangtou stations, respectively. Annual sediment load exhibited abrupt changes in the mid-1990s, which were largely attributed to the strong effects of soil conservation measures in the study area. The spatial pattern of soil erosion were characterized by high sediment yield in the north with sparse vegetation cover and well-developed gullies, and low sediment yield in the south with flat plain and good vegetation cover in the Wei River basin. The results of the partial least squares-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) showed that vegetation changes and rainfall variability explained 62.3%, 47.3%, and 40.1% of the variation in runoff at Xianyang, Zhuangtou, and Zhangjiashan stations, respectively, whereas 59.4%, 17.6% and 48% of the variation in sediment load were explained by the combining effects of rainfall variability, changes of vegetation and runoff. This study provides a deep insight for understanding the effects of driving forces on sediment yield changes, and can be useful to regional soil conservation planning in the region. The study was funded by the National Science and Technology Basic Resource Investigation Program (2017FY100904), the Chinese National Natural Sciences Foundation (42177323; 42077076), the Horizon 2020 Project Shui which is co-funded by the Chinese MOST (2017YFE0118100) and the European Union Project (773903). Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["Controlling factors", "13. Climate action", "0208 environmental biotechnology", "Sediment yield", "0207 environmental engineering", "Correlation analysis", "Spatial and temporal variation", "02 engineering and technology", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Wei River Basin"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106181"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/CATENA", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.catena.2022.106181", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.catena.2022.106181", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106181"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:18Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2015-05-07", "title": "Biochar Helps Enhance Maize Productivity And Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under Balanced Fertilization In A Rainfed Low Fertility Inceptisol", "description": "Maize production plays an important role in global food security, especially in arid and poor-soil regions. Its production is also increasing in China in terms of both planting area and yield. However, maize productivity in rainfed croplands is constrained by low soil fertility and moisture insufficiency. To increase the maize yield, local farmers use NPK fertilizer. However, the fertilization regime (CF) they practice is unbalanced with too much nitrogen in proportion to both phosphorus and potassium, which has led to low fertilizer use efficiency and excessive greenhouse gases emissions. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess whether a high yielding but low greenhouse gases emission system could be developed by the combination of balanced fertilization (BF) and biochar amendment in a rainfed farmland located in the Northern region of China. Biochar was applied at rates of 0, 20, and 40 t/ha. Results show that BF and biochar increased maize yield and partial nutrient productivity and decreased nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. Under BF the maize yield was 23.7% greater than under CF. N2O emissions under BF were less than half that under CF due to a reduced N fertilizer application rate. Biochar amendment decreased N2O by more than 31% under CF, while it had no effect on N2O emissions under BF. Thus BF was effective at maintaining a high maize yield and reducing greenhouse gases emissions. If combined with biochar amendment, BF would be a good way of sustaining low carbon agriculture in rainfed areas.", "keywords": ["Greenhouse Effect", "330", "Rain", "Balanced fertilization", "Zea mays", "01 natural sciences", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "Soil", "11. Sustainability", "Crop yield", "Fertilizers", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Agriculture", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "Biochar", "Greenhouse gases", "Fertility", "13. Climate action", "Charcoal", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Gases", "Rainfed agriculture"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Chemosphere", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.088"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2007.01.010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:23Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-03-31", "title": "Effects Of Undersown Crops On Soil Mineral N And Grain Yield Of Spring Barley", "description": "Undersowing a cereal crop can reduce nitrogen (N) leaching and increase available N for the successive crop. An undersown crop can also compete with the main crop. Seventeen plant species were undersown in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to study their suitability regarding establishment, biomass production, competition with the main crop and effects on soil mineral N. Three different seeding rates were evaluated. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) decreased nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) content in late autumn and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in the succeeding spring. A mixture was optimal to reduce N leaching. Italian ryegrass is a very competitive species that should be undersown at moderate seeding rates to avoid large yield reduction in the main crop. Black medic (Medicago lupulina L.) slightly increased N leaching risk, but red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) did not increase soil NO3-N content. As clovers did not compete strongly with the main crop, fairly high seeding rates can be used to maximise N fixation to benefit the successive crop. \u00a9 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "keywords": ["legumes", "yields", "cover crop", "nitrogen", "soil", "soil nitrate nitrogen", "typpi", "sato", "ohra", "sekaviljely", "viljanviljely", "typpiyhdisteet", "Hordeum vulgare", "cereals", "2. Zero hunger", "maaper\u00e4", "soil ammonium nitrogen", "legume", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "viljakasvit", "grasses", "palkokasvit", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Ka", "nurmihein\u00e4t", "intercropping"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2007.01.010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2007.01.010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2007.01.010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2007.01.010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:24Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-07-08", "title": "Mixing process-based and data-driven approaches in yield prediction", "description": "Yield prediction models can be divided between data-driven and process-based models (crop growth models). The first category contains many different types of models with parameters learned from the data themselves and where domain knowledge is only used to select the predictors and engineer features. In the second category, models are based upon biophysical principles, whose structure and parameters are derived primarily from domain knowledge. Here we investigate if the integration of the two approaches can be beneficial as it allows to overcome the limitations of the two approaches taken individually - lack of sufficiently large, reliable and orthogonal datasets for data-driven approaches and the need of many inputs for process-based models. The applications of the two categories of models have been reviewed, paying special attention to the cases where the two approaches have been mixed. By analysing the literature we identified three major cases of integration between the two approaches: (1) using crop growth models to engineer features and expand the predictors space, (2) use data-driven approaches to estimate missing inputs for process-based models (3) using data-driven approaches to produce meta-models to reduce computation burden. Finally we propose a methodology based on metamodels and transfer learning to integrate data-driven and process-based approaches.", "keywords": ["Process-based", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Artificial intelligence", "Crop growth models", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Data-driven", "01 natural sciences", "Yield prediction", "Dynamic crop growth models", "Surrogate models", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop models", "Metamodels", "Neural networks"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/European%20Journal%20of%20Agronomy", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126569"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:17:02Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-11-18", "title": "Maintaining Yields And Reducing Nitrogen Loss In Rice-Wheat Rotation System In Taihu Lake Region With Proper Fertilizer Management", "description": "In the Tailake region of China, heavy nitrogen (N) loss of rice\u2013wheat rotation systems, due to high fertilizer-N input with low N use efficiency (NUE), was widely reported. To alleviate the detrimental impacts caused by N loss, it is necessary to improve the fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a 3 yr field experiments with different N managements including organic combined chemical N treatment (OCN, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , 20% organic fertilizer), control\u2013released urea treatment (CRU, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , 70% resin-coated urea), reduced chemical N treatment (RCN, 390 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer), and site-specific N management (SSNM, 333 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer) were conducted in the Taihu Lake region with the \u2018farmer\u2019s N\u2019 treatment (FN, 510 kg N ha ^\u22121 yr ^\u22121 , all common chemical fertilizer) as a control. Grain yield, plant N uptake (PNU), NUE, and N losses via runoff, leaching, and ammonia volatilization were assessed. In the rice season, the FN treatment had the highest N loss and lowest NUE, which can be attributed to an excessive rate of N application. Treatments of OCN and RCN with a 22% reduced N rate from FN had no significant effect on PNU nor the yield of rice in the 3 yr; however, the NUE was improved and N loss was reduced 20\u201332%. OCN treatment achieved the highest yield, while SSNM has the lowest N loss and highest NUE due to the lowest N rate. In wheat season, N loss decreased about 28\u201348% with the continuous reduction of N input, but the yield also declined, with the exception of OCN treatment. N loss through runoff, leaching and ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the N input rate. When compared with the pure chemical fertilizer treatment of RCN under the same N input, OCN treatment has better NUE, better yield, and lower N loss. 70% of the urea replaced with resin-coated urea had no significant effect on yield and NUE improvement, but decreased the ammonia volatilization loss. Soil total N and organic matter content showed a decrease after three continuous cropping years with inorganic fertilizer application alone, but there was an increase with the OCN treatment. N balance analysis showed a N surplus for FN treatment and a balanced N budget for OCN treatment. To reduce the environmental impact and maintain a high crop production, proper N reduction together with organic amendments could be sustainable in the rice\u2013wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region for a long run.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "soil fertility", "grain yield", "Science", "Physics", "QC1-999", "Q", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "rice\u2013wheat rotation", "15. Life on land", "Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering", "01 natural sciences", "nitrogen use efficiency", "6. Clean water", "Environmental sciences", "organic amendments", "13. Climate action", "8. Economic growth", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "N loss", "GE1-350", "TD1-1066"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Linzhang Yang, Yingliang Yu, Lihong Xue,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Environmental%20Research%20Letters", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "name": "item", "description": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115010"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-01-06", "title": "Unravelling The Causes Of Variability In Crop Yields And Treatment Responses For Better Tailoring Of Options For Sustainable Intensification In Southern Mali", "description": "Options that contribute to sustainable intensification offer an avenue to improve crop yields and farmers\u2019 livelihoods. However, insufficient knowledge on the performance of various options in the context of smallholder farm systems impedes local adaptation and adoption. Therefore, together with farmers in southern Mali we tested a range of options for sustainable intensification including intensification of cereal (maize and sorghum) and legume (groundnut, soyabean and cowpea) sole crops and cereal-legume intercropping during three years on on-farm trials. There was huge variability among fields in crop yields of unamended control plots: maize yielded from 0.20 to 5.24 t ha\u22121, sorghum from 0 to 3.53 t ha\u22121, groundnut from 0.10 to 1.16 t ha\u22121, soyabean from 0 to 2.48 t ha\u22121 and cowpea from 0 to 1.02 t ha\u22121. This variability was partly explained by (i) soil type and water holding capacity, (ii) previous crop, its management and the nutrient carry-over and (iii) inter-annual weather variability. Farmers recognized three soil types: gravelly soils, sandy soils and black soils. Yields were very poor on gravelly soils and two to three times greater (depending on the crop) on black soils. Yields were also poor at the end of the typical crop rotation, i.e., after sorghum and millet, and 1.3\u20131.7 times greater (depending on the crop) after the fertilized crops maize and cotton. We diagnosed a number of cases of technology failure where no improvement in yield was observed with hybrid varieties of maize and sorghum and rhizobial inoculation of soyabean. Regardless of soil type and previous crop, mineral fertilizer improved yields by 34\u2013126% depending on the crop. Targeting options to a given soil type and/or place in the rotation enhanced their agronomic performance: (i) the biomass production of the cowpea fodder variety was doubled on black soils compared with gravelly soils, (ii) the additive maize/cowpea intercropping option after cotton or maize resulted in an average overall LER of 1.47, no maize grain penalty, and 1.38 t ha\u22121 more cowpea fodder production compared with sole maize. Soil type and position in the rotation, two indicators easy to assess by farmers and extension workers, allowed the identification of specific niches for enhanced agronomic performance of legume sole cropping and/or intercropping.", "keywords": ["F07 - Fa\u00e7ons culturales", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Rotation", "Cereals", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Soil type", "15. Life on land", "Legumes", "01 natural sciences", "630", "12. Responsible consumption", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4540", "Intercropping", "F01 - Culture des plantes", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop Yield"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.12.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.04.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:31Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-05-05", "title": "Is Maize-Cowpea Intercropping A Viable Option For Smallholder Farms In The Risky Environments Of Semi-Arid Southern Africa?", "description": "Intercropping cereals with legumes can potentially enhance productivity and soil fertility. There is limited experimental evidence on the mechanisms underlying benefits or risks in intercropping systems and below-ground interactions in intercrops remain largely unstudied. Such understanding can inform strategies towards maximising returns to investments, particularly in poor fertility soils on smallholder farms in semi-arid areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Additive intercropping experiments were established covering several seasons (2010/11\u20132014/15) and different conditions (on-station and on-farm) to determine effects on soil chemical variables, root dynamics and yield of intercrops. Maize was planted with the first effective rains and received either no fertiliser or 40 kg N ha\u22121. Cowpea was planted on the same date as maize or three weeks after planting maize in intercrops or sole stands and received no fertiliser. End-of-season available N was highest (P 1. Intercropping, however, resulted in compromised cowpea yields especially under the relay intercrop compared with the sole cowpea stands whilst maize yield was either not affected or improved. We attributed this to the lack of below-ground niche differentiation in root distribution between maize and cowpea. Maize\u2013cowpea intercropping with low doses of N fertiliser resulted in over-yielding compared with monocropping. Intercropping proved to be a robust option across seasons and soil types, confirming that it is a promising option for resource-poor smallholders.", "keywords": ["Zimbabwe", "Interspecific facilitation", "Root length density", "2. Zero hunger", "570", "Cereals", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "630", "Land-use efficiency", "Maize", "Soil", "Niche differentiation", "Intercropping", "Drylands Agriculture", "African Agriculture", "Legume Crops", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Crop Yield", "Root distribution", "Southern Africa", "Below-ground complementarity"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.04.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.04.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2017.04.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.04.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:30Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-08-09", "title": "Maize\u2013Grain Legume Intercropping Is An Attractive Option For Ecological Intensification That Reduces Climatic Risk For Smallholder Farmers In Central Mozambique", "description": "Abstract Many farmers in central Mozambique intercrop maize with grain legumes as a means to improve food security and income. The objective of this study was to understand the farming system, and to evaluate the suitability of maize\u2013legume intercropping to alleviate the biophysical and socio-economic constraints faced by smallholder farmers in Ruaca and Vunduzi villages, central Mozambique. To achieve this we characterised the farming systems and measured grain yields, rainfall infiltration, economic returns and acceptability of maize\u2013legume intercrops under different N and P application rates. Two intercropping strategies were tested: (a) an additive design of within-row intercropping in which legume was intercropped with alternating hills of maize within the same row; maize plant population was the same as sole crop maize, and (b) a substitutive design with distinct alternating rows of maize and legume (local practice). Fertiliser treatments imposed on all treatments were: (i) no fertiliser, (ii) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 , (iii) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0+\u00a030\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 , and (iv) 20\u00a0kg\u00a0P\u00a0ha \u22121 \u00a0+\u00a060\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 . Intercrops were relatively more productive than the corresponding sole crops; land equivalent ratios (LER) for within-row intercropping ranged between 1.1 and 2.4, and between 1.0 and 1.9 for distinct-row intercropping. Average maize yield penalty for intercropping maize and pigeonpea in the within-row was small (8%) compared with 50% in the distinct-row design; average (season\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0fertiliser) sole maize yield was 3.2\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Intercropping maize and cowpea in within-row led to maize yield loss of only 6%, whereas distinct-row intercropping reduced maize yield by 25% from 2.1\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 of sole maize (season\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0fertiliser). Cowpea yield was less affected by intercropping: sole cowpea had an average yield of 0.9\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , distinct-row intercropping (0.8\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 ) and the within-row intercropping yielded 0.9\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Legumes were comparatively less affected by the long dry spells which were prevalent during the study period. Response to N and P fertiliser was weak due to poor rainfall distribution. In the third season, maize in rotation with pigeonpea and without N fertiliser application yielded 5.6\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 , eight times more than continuous maize which was severely infested by striga ( Striga asiatica ) and yielded only 0.7\u00a0t\u00a0ha \u22121 . Rainfall infiltration increased from 6\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u22121 to 22\u00a0mm\u00a0h \u22121 with long-term maize\u2013legume intercropping due to a combination of good quality biomass production which provided mulch combined with no tillage. Intercropping maize and pigeonpea was profitable with a rate of return of at least 343% over sole maize cropping. Farmers preferred the within-row maize\u2013legume intercropping with an acceptability score of 84% because of good yields for both maize and legume. Intercropping increased the labour required for weeding by 36% compared with the sole crops. Farmers in Ruaca faced labour constraints due to extensification thus maize\u2013pigeonpea intercropping may improve productivity and help reduce the area cultivated. In Vunduzi, land limitation was a major problem and intensification through legumes is amongst the few feasible options to increase both production and productivity. The late maturity of pigeonpea means that free-grazing of cattle has to be delayed, which allows farmers to retain crop residues in the fields as mulch if they choose to; this allows the use of no-tillage practises. We conclude that maize\u2013legume intercropping has potential to: (a) reduce the risk of crop failure, (b) improve productivity and income, and (c) increase food security in vulnerable production systems, and is a feasible entry point to ecological intensification.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "F08 - Syst\u00e8mes et modes de culture", "rendement des cultures", "agro\u00e9cologie", "petite exploitation agricole", "extensification", "nitrogen-fixation", "01 natural sciences", "7. Clean energy", "630", "analyse \u00e9conomique", "l\u00e9gume sec", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6214", "striga", "syst\u00e8me de culture", "intensification", "2. Zero hunger", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10967", "soil fertility", "1. No poverty", "facteur climatique", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Sorghum bicolor", "resource capture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_92381", "rentabilit\u00e9", "conservation agriculture", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504", "s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13199", "E16 - \u00c9conomie de la production", "Vigna unguiculata", "crop-rotation", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29554", "Cenchrus americanus", "Zea mays", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7247", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176", "Life Science", "decomposition", "15. Life on land", "yield", "Maize", "cowpea", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3351", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33484", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33485", "systems", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2469", "culture intercalaire", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4964", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8247", "http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7113"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Field%20Crops%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-06-22", "title": "Integrated organic and inorganic fertilization and reduced irrigation altered prokaryotic microbial community and diversity in different compartments of wheat root zone contributing to improved nitrogen uptake and wheat yield", "description": "Open AccessThe effect of long-term water and integrated fertilization on prokaryotic microorganisms and their regulation for crop nutrient uptake remains unknown. Therefore, the impact of soil water and integrated fertilization after eight years on prokaryotic microbial communities in different compartments of root zone and their association with wheat nitrogen (N) absorption and yield were investigated. The results showed that compared with fertilization treatments (F), water regimes (W) more drastically modulated the prokaryotic microbial community structure and diversity in bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere. The increase of irrigation improved the prokaryotic diversity in the rhizosphere and endosphere while decreased the diversity in the bulk soil. Application of organic fertilizers significantly improved soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient contents, increased rhizosphere and endophytic prokaryotic microbial diversity, and elevated the relative abundance of aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification-related functional microorganisms in rhizosphere and endosphere. Increasing irrigation elevated the relative abundance of functional microorganisms related to aerobic ammonia oxidation and nitrification in the rhizosphere and endosphere. Soil water content (SWC) and NH4+-N as well as NO3\u2212-N were key predictors of prokaryotic microbial community composition under W and F treatments, respectively. Appropriate application of irrigation and organic fertilizers increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria such as Flavobacterium. Water and fertilization treatments regulated the prokaryotic microbial communities of bulk soil, rhizosphere and endosphere by altering SWC and SOM, and provided evidence for the modulation of prokaryotic microorganisms to promote nitrogen uptake and wheat yield under long-term irrigation and fertilization. Conclusively, the addition of organic manure (50 %) with inorganic fertilizers (50 %) and reduced amount of irrigation (pre-sowing and jointing-period irrigation) decreased the application amount of chemical fertilizers and water, while increased SOM and nutrient content, improved prokaryotic diversity, and changed prokaryotic microbial community structure in the wheat root zone, resulting in enhanced nutrient uptake and wheat yield.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Microorganism", "Microbial population biology", "Nitrogen", "Soil Science", "Organic chemistry", "Plant Science", "01 natural sciences", "Environmental science", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Soil", "Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes", "Soil water", "Genetics", "Fertilizers", "Biology", "Irrigation", "Soil Microbiology", "Triticum", "2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Soil Fertility", "Physicochemical factors", "Ecology", "Bacteria", "Microbiota", "Marine Microbial Diversity and Biogeography", "Water", "Life Sciences", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Nitrification", "Agronomy", "6. Clean water", "Chemistry", "Human fertilization", "13. Climate action", "Fertilization", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Physical Sciences", "Rhizosphere", "Bulk soil", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Prokaryotic microorganisms", "Endosphere", "Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems", "Nutrient"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156952"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:37Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-09-28", "title": "Modelling Above Ground Biomass Accumulation Of Mangrove Plantations In Vietnam", "description": "Abstract In many tropical nations, mangrove forests are essential ecosystems for climate change mitigation and adaptation in coastal regions as they provide important forest resources as well as a suite of other benefits to communities including carbon sequestration. Empirical growth and yield modelling methods derived from terrestrial forestry, which are often robust with respect to forestry forecasting and management, have not often been assessed in mangrove forests yet they are important for underpinning sustainable forest management. We surveyed 89 Rhizophora apiculata mangrove plantations with age ranges from 4 to 26\u202fyear old in Vietnam, destructively harvesting 25 trees for biomass measurements and 70 for stem analyses, to assess increments in biomass and standing timber. Systems of equations were developed to model site index, mean diameter, dominant height, stocking, biomass and timber volume. We found that conventional forest growth modelling methods fitted the observed data well. Similar to terrestrial forests, stand height is a good indicator of site productivity. Mean errors for stand volume and biomass estimated from yield tables were both less than 5.3%. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the biomass model was 12 and RMSE of the volume model was 10.8, suggesting that these methods are applicable to evenly aged monoculture mangrove plantations in Vietnam. Our research also indicated high variation in mean annual increment of biomass (MAI) in the surveyed plantations due to a wide range of age and site conditions. Some R. apiculata plantations in Vietnam can reach a peak aboveground biomass MAI of 22.7\u202fMg\u202fha\u22121 year\u22121, which is among the highest of published values from plantations of the same species worldwide. Further studies addressing the application of terrestrial forest growth methods to mangrove systems are suggested in order to develop reliable and useful tools for sustainable management of this important ecosystem.", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "Monitoring", "Policy and Law", "Rhizophora apiculata plantation", "1107 Forestry", "Growth and yield modelling", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "333", "2309 Nature and Landscape Conservation", "12. Responsible consumption", "13. Climate action", "2308 Management", "Biomass", "Mangrove", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Forest%20Ecology%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:41Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2014-05-10", "title": "Biochar Impact On Midwestern Mollisols And Maize Nutrient Availability", "description": "Abstract Biochar applications have been shown to increase crop yields on acidic and low activity soils in the tropics but fewer positive yield responses have been reported for temperate soils. We hypothesized that even without a yield response, applying biochar to a Midwestern Mollisol could improve soil quality and plant nutrient availability because of the carbon it supplies and its conditioning effect. Eighteen small field plots (23.7\u00a0m 2 ) on a glacial-till derived soil were established by incorporating 0 to 96\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u2212\u00a01 of hardwood biochar to a depth of 30\u00a0cm. Several soil quality indicators, plant nutrient availability, uptake, and yield of two consecutive maize ( Zea mays L.) crops were monitored. Biochar application significantly increased soil pH, readily available water (RAW) content (defined as volumetric water available between \u2212\u00a010\u00a0kPa and \u2212\u00a0100\u00a0kPa) and soil organic C (SOC). It decreased bulk density (BD), but had no consistent effect on soil infiltration rates, CEC, or nutrient uptake. Biochar application did increase grain yield during the first year by 11 to 55% following very high stover application rates (3.5\u00a0\u00d7 the typical amount), presumably because biochar mitigated adverse effects of allelochemicals released from the decomposing maize residue. There was no detectable biochar effect on maize yield during the second year when the crop was limited by severe drought.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Biochar", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Maize yield", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Soil quality", "630", "6. Clean water", "Allelopathy", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geoderma", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:44Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-01-25", "title": "In-depth analysis of soil management and farmers\u2019 perceptions of related risks in two olive grove areas in southern Spain", "description": "Trabajo desarrollado bajo la financiaci\u00f3n del proyecto \u201cSoil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping Systems\u201d (773903), coordinado por Jos\u00e9 Alfonso G\u00f3mez Calero, investigador del Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS). This manuscript presents a questionnaire-based study aimed to provide a detailed analysis on the different soil management carried out by olive farmers in two representative olive-growing areas in southern Spain (Cordoba and Estepa), their perceptions on cover crop use and the possible influence of the different types of farms and farmers\u2019 typologies on these perceptions. Our results show a relatively large variability of soil management, with fourteen options, as a result of a combination of different alternatives for bare soil and cover crops with the use or not of pruning residues, but with a great similarity between both areas. The results indicate a high adoption of soil conservation measures in the two study areas, with 63% of farmers using cover crops and 80% a mulch of pruning residues, higher than that reported in previous studies in Southern Spain, and a trend of lower use of these techniques by less experienced and younger farmers. This high penetration of soil conservation measures resulted in a significant reduction of soil erosion risk, as indicated by the relatively low values for the cover and management factor (C) of RUSLE, also calculated and presented in this study, but also the possibility of focusing further efforts on farmers with less experience. Our results indicate the persistence of a minor, but relevant, percentage of farmers using bare soil management (37%) and no mulching (20%), with a moderate concern on the impact of soil erosion on soil degradation and provision of ecosystem services. This suggests the need to concentrate efforts also on this cluster of farmers to enhance the success of what seems to be a remarkable expansion of the use of soil conservation measures in recent decades in Southern Spain, but also in similar areas in the Mediterranean basin. This work was supported by P12-AGR-0931 (Andalusian Government), AGL2015-65036-C3-1-R and PID2019-105793RB-I00 (Spanish Government), SHui (European Commission Grant Agreement number: 773903) and EU-FEDER funds, as well as by the cooperative agreement between the DOP Estepa and the University of Cordoba. All this support is gratefully acknowledged. Peer reviewed", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Cover crops", "Questionnaire", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)", "6. Clean water", "Tillage", "Olive yield", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "TA1-2040", "Irrigation", "Erosion risk"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/International%20Soil%20and%20Water%20Conservation%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.01.003"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140878", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-01-30", "title": "A fuzzy logic evaluation of synergies and trade-offs between agricultural production and climate change mitigation", "description": "Open AccessPeer reviewed", "keywords": ["N2O emissions", "Agro-environmental trade-offs analysis", "Fuzzy-based composite index", "NO3\u2013N leaching", "Experts' elicitation", "Crop yield", "SOC"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140878"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Journal%20of%20Cleaner%20Production", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140878", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140878", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140878"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2024-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.3390/agriculture12010031", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:19:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2021-12-28", "title": "Effects of the Rapid Construction of a High-Quality Plough Layer Based on Woody Peat in a Newly Reclaimed Cultivated Land Area", "description": "

To implement the balance system of cultivated land in occupation and supplement and to adhere to the principle of \u201csupplement the occupied cultivated land of high quality with the one bearing same quality\u201d, in the thesis, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of woody peat on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties of the plough layer and its crop yield. Furthermore, the correlation between soil indexes and crop yield under the best fertilization mode through the addition of the natural material of woody peat instead of lengthy cultivation of the plough layer to rapidly construct a high-quality plough layer and solve the practical problem that the natural endowment of newly reclaimed cultivated land is far less than the occupied high-quality cultivated land was explored. The land remediation project of Fuping County, Hebei Province, was taken as the experimental area, and the five most representative and effective datasets were selected and studied. The results demonstrated that the addition of woody peat and rotten straw could reduce soil particle size and bulk density and alleviate soil viscosity and acidification. An increase in soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium and a decrease in the heavy metal content were also observed. The results indicated that the application of woody peat achieved the expected effect of the rapid construction of a high-quality plough layer. The best mode of fertilization was A2, which provided a good reference for the rapid construction of a high-quality plough layer in the future. The analysis of the correlation between soil indexes and crop yield illustrated that the organic matter content, soil available nutrients, and crop yield had a significant positive correlation; the organic matter content and soil available nutrients showed the same tendency, which suggests that soil organic matter content and soil fertility level are closely related and that soil fertility plays a decisive role in crop yield under the same external conditions. Woody peat exerted an eminent influence on the organic matter content and soil available nutrients to determine the change in crop yield, which provides a reliable basis for future research on land improvement projects to increase crop yield.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop yield; high-quality plough layer; soil organic matter; soil fertility", "high-quality plough layer", "Agriculture (General)", "soil organic matter", "soil fertility", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "S1-972"]}, "links": [{"href": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/31/pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12010031"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.3390/agriculture12010031", "name": "item", "description": "10.3390/agriculture12010031", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.3390/agriculture12010031"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2021-12-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104589", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-09-30", "title": "Enhancing weed multifunctionality at a landscape scale: a simulation study", "description": "There is a pressing need for research guiding the design and management of multifunctional landscapes that combine the delivery of production services and that of other ecosystem services. Arable weeds are an interesting model as they can impact negatively crop production but also contribute to maintain pollination and pest control services. Here, we assessed weed multifunctionality using weed data recorded within a small landscape, in the field edge and field core of 97 fields over six consecutive years. We detected a general positive correlation between harmfulness and services provision, at the field-scale and at the landscape scale. At the field scale, the flora of field edges strongly contributed to the delivery of (dis)services; some fields delivered interesting trade-offs, and this was only weakly explained by the crop management strategy. At the landscape scale, we explored through scenarii the impact of changes in the composition (proportional cover of the different crop management strategies) and structure (field size, i.e. length of field edges) of the land-use mosaics on weed multifunctionality. Land\u2013use mosaics offering interesting trade-offs were for the most part characterised by an even representation of the different crop management strategies. Small-grained landscapes did not offer better trade\u2013offs than the current landscape structure, but slightly improved the inter-annual stability of services. Our results support the idea that promoting the co-existence of various cropping strategies within landscape is a good option to reconcile the positive and negative impacts of weeds.", "keywords": ["[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]", "0106 biological sciences", "pollination", "multifunctionality", "[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]", "biological control", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield loss", "simulation", "01 natural sciences", "630", "pareto frontier"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104589"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Landscape%20and%20Urban%20Planning", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104589", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104589", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104589"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:53Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-01-09", "title": "Effects Of Tillage Managements On Soil Rapidly Available Nutrient Content And The Yield Of Winter Wheat In West Henan Province, China", "description": "AbstractIn order to study the effects of different tillage management on soil rapidly available nutrient content and the yield of winter wheat, four treatments of once deep plowing tillage (DT), no tillage (NT), subsoiling tillage (ST) and conventional tillage (CT) were conducted in field. The results showed that conservation tillage can improve soil nutrient content. Soil alkali-hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium content were outstandingly advanced under ST and NT compared with CT, and the effect of ST was better than that of NT. In contrast to CT, available potassium content was evidently increased under DT treatment. Compared with CT, the grain yield of NT and ST was increased by 10.22% and 9.26% respectively.", "keywords": ["Winter wheat", "2. Zero hunger", "Tillage management", "Yield", "Dryland area", "Soil nutrient", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Youjunkdlyj@sina.com, Li, Ming, Huang,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Procedia%20Environmental%20Sciences", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.proenv.2011.12.129"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113621", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:54Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2023-05-13", "title": "Optimisation of AquaCrop backscatter simulations using Sentinel-1 observations", "description": "In preparation for active microwave-based data assimilation into a crop modeling system, the mapping of daily 1-km AquaCrop model (v6.1) biomass and surface soil moisture to backscatter was optimised, using two forward operators, i.e. the Water Cloud Model (WCM) and the Support Vector Regression (SVR). Both forward operators were calibrated (2014\u20132018) with 1-km Sentinel-1 backscatter ( ) observations in VV and VH polarisation, for three different study domains in Europe. For the validation period (2019\u20132021), the simulations showed reasonable performances around Czech Republic and the Iberian Peninsula, to good performances over Belgium, but with strong variations within each domain. The domain-averaged root mean square difference between the model and Sentinel-1 remained below 2 dB for both forward operators and all three study domains, and the mean bias for VV remained close to 0 dB, and close 0.5 dB for the VH polarisation. The WCM and SVR performed better in VV than VH and overall the SVR performed slightly better in mapping the AquaCrop soil moisture and vegetation to backscatter than the WCM. Additionally, the assumed linear relationship in the WCM between soil moisture and soil holds better for VV than for VH. The remaining differences between WCM or SVR simulations and Sentinel-1 observations are mainly caused by AquaCrop model errors.", "keywords": ["Agriculture and Food Sciences", "Crop biomass", "YIELD RESPONSE", "ASSIMILATION", "Backscatter modeling", "LEAF-AREA INDEX", "RADAR BACKSCATTER", "BIOMASS", "SAR BACKSCATTER", "AquaCrop optimisation", "13. Climate action", "SURFACE SOIL-MOISTURE", "Earth and Environmental Sciences", "SUPPORT", "Sentinel-1", "WATER", "Soil moisture", "FAO CROP MODEL"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113621"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Remote%20Sensing%20of%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113621", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.rse.2023.113621", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113621"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2023-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.012", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:12Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-07", "title": "Controlled Traffic Farming With No Tillage For Improved Fallow Water Storage And Crop Yield On The Chinese Loess Plateau", "description": "On the semi-arid Loess Plateau of northern China, water is typically the biggest constraint to rainfed wheat production. Controlled traffic, combined with zero tillage and residue cover has been proposed to improve soil water, crop yield and water use efficiency. From 1998 to 2005, we conducted a field experiment comparing the water storage and wheat productivity of controlled traffic farming and conventional tillage farming. Three treatments were studied: controlled traffic with no tillage and full residue cover (NTCN), controlled traffic with shallow tillage and full residue cover (STCN) and random traffic with traditional tillage and partial residue cover (CT). Compared to CT, the controlled traffic treatments significantly reduced soil bulk density in 10-20 cm soil layer, significantly increased soil water content in the 0-150 cm soil profile at sowing, 9.3% for NTCN, 9.6% for STCN. These effects were greater in dry seasons, thus reducing the yearly variation in water conservation. Consequently, mean wheat yield of NTCN, STCN and CT were 3.25, 3.27 and 3.05 t ha-1, respectively, in which controlled traffic treatments increased by 6.9% with less yearly variation, compared to traditional tillage. Furthermore, controlled traffic had greater economic benefits than conventional tillage. Within controlled traffic treatments, NTCN showed better overall performance. In conclusion, controlled traffic farming has a better performance with respect to conserving water, improves yields and increases economic benefits. No tillage controlled traffic farming appears to be a solution to the water problem facing farmers on the Loess Plateau of China.", "keywords": ["macropore density", "0106 biological sciences", "2. Zero hunger", "Yields", "bulk density", "571", "available water capacity", "Fallow water storage", "1904 Earth-Surface Processes", "permanent beds", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "6. Clean water", "Zero tillage", "Vertosol", "Controlled traffic", "controlled traffic", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "compaction", "1102 Agronomy and Crop Science", "amelioration", "zero tillage", "1111 Soil Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.012"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.012", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.10.012", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.012"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.277", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:56Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-04", "title": "Spatial relationships among cereal yields and selected soil physical andchemical properties", "description": "Sandy soils occupy large area in Poland (about 50%) and in the world. This study aimed at determining spatial relationships of cereal yields and the selected soil physical and chemical properties in three study years (2001-2003) on low productive sandy Podzol soil (Podlasie, Poland). The yields and soil properties in plough and subsoil layers were determined at 72-150 points. The test crops were: wheat, wheat and barley mixture and oats. To explore the spatial relationship between cereal yields and each soil property spatial statistics was used. The best fitting models were adjusted to empirical semivariance and cross-semivariance, which were used to draw maps using kriging. Majority of the soil properties and crop yields exhibited low and medium variability (coefficient of variation 5-70%). The effective ranges of the spatial dependence (the distance at which data are autocorrelated) for yields and all soil properties were 24.3-58.5m and 10.5-373m, respectively. Nugget to sill ratios showed that crop yields and soil properties were strongly spatially dependent except bulk density. Majority of the pairs in cross-semivariograms exhibited strong spatial interdependence. The ranges of the spatial dependence varied in plough layer between 54.6m for yield\u00d7pH up to 2433m for yield\u00d7silt content. Corresponding ranges in subsoil were 24.8m for crop yield\u00d7clay content in 2003 and 1404m for yield\u00d7bulk density. Kriging maps allowed separating sub-field area with the lowest yield and soil cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content and pH. This area had lighter color on the aerial photograph due to high content of the sand and low content of soil organic carbon. The results will help farmers at identifying sub-field areas for applying localized management practices to improve these soil properties and further spatial studies in larger scale.", "keywords": ["Crops", " Agricultural", "2. Zero hunger", "soil variability", "crop yields", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "low productive area", "Soil", "cross-semivariograms", "kriging maps", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Poland", "Edible Grain", "Environmental Monitoring"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.277"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.277", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.277", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.277"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-08-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:15:58Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2022-01-06", "title": "Exploring the potential role of environmental and multi-source satellite data in crop yield prediction across Northeast China", "description": "Open AccessLe d\u00e9veloppement d'un syst\u00e8me pr\u00e9cis de pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle est d'une importance primordiale pour la gestion des ressources agricoles et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire mondiale. L'observation de la Terre fournit une source unique d'informations pour surveiller les cultures \u00e0 partir d'une diversit\u00e9 de gammes spectrales. Cependant, l'utilisation int\u00e9gr\u00e9e de ces donn\u00e9es et de leurs valeurs dans la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures est encore peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9e. Ici, nous avons propos\u00e9 la combinaison de donn\u00e9es environnementales (climat, sol, g\u00e9ographie et topographie) avec de multiples donn\u00e9es satellitaires (indices de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation optiques, fluorescence induite par le soleil (SIF), temp\u00e9rature de surface du sol (LST) et profondeur optique de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation micro-ondes (VOD)) dans le cadre pour estimer le rendement des cultures de ma\u00efs, de riz et de soja dans le nord-est de la Chine, et leur valeur unique et leur influence relative sur la pr\u00e9diction du rendement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9es. Deux m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9gression lin\u00e9aire, trois m\u00e9thodes d'apprentissage automatique (ML) et un mod\u00e8le d'ensemble ML ont \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9s pour construire des mod\u00e8les de pr\u00e9diction de rendement. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que les m\u00e9thodes individuelles de ML surpassaient les m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9gression lin\u00e9aire, le mod\u00e8le d'ensemble de ML a encore am\u00e9lior\u00e9 les mod\u00e8les de ML uniques. De plus, les mod\u00e8les avec plus d'intrants ont obtenu de meilleures performances, la combinaison de donn\u00e9es satellitaires avec des donn\u00e9es environnementales, qui expliquaient respectivement 72\u00a0%, 69\u00a0% et 57\u00a0% de la variabilit\u00e9 du rendement du ma\u00efs, du riz et du soja, a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 des performances de pr\u00e9diction du rendement sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 celles des intrants individuels. Alors que les donn\u00e9es satellitaires ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures principalement au d\u00e9but de la pointe de la saison de croissance, les donn\u00e9es climatiques ont fourni des informations suppl\u00e9mentaires principalement \u00e0 la pointe de la fin de la saison. Nous avons \u00e9galement constat\u00e9 que l'utilisation combin\u00e9e de l'IVE, du LST et du SIF a am\u00e9lior\u00e9 la pr\u00e9cision du mod\u00e8le par rapport au mod\u00e8le d'IVE de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. Cependant, les indices de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation bas\u00e9s sur l'optique partageaient des informations similaires et ne fournissaient pas beaucoup d'informations suppl\u00e9mentaires au-del\u00e0 de l'IVE. Les pr\u00e9visions de rendement en cours de saison ont montr\u00e9 que les rendements des cultures peuvent \u00eatre pr\u00e9vus de mani\u00e8re satisfaisante deux \u00e0 trois mois avant la r\u00e9colte. La g\u00e9ographie, la topographie, la VOD, l'IVE, les param\u00e8tres hydrauliques du sol et les param\u00e8tres nutritifs sont plus importants pour la pr\u00e9diction du rendement des cultures.", "keywords": ["Atmospheric sciences", "Climate", "Multi-source satellite data", "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index", "Engineering", "Pathology", "Climate change", "Urban Heat Islands and Mitigation Strategies", "Linear regression", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Vegetation Monitoring", "Ecology", "Geography", "Statistics", "Agriculture", "Geology", "Remote Sensing in Vegetation Monitoring and Phenology", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Remote sensing", "Aerospace engineering", "Archaeology", "Physical Sciences", "Metallurgy", "Medicine", "Seasons", "Global Vegetation Models", "Biomass Estimation", "Regression analysis", "Vegetation (pathology)", "Crops", " Agricultural", "Environmental Engineering", "Environmental data", "Yield (engineering)", "Zea mays", "Environmental science", "Machine learning", "FOS: Mathematics", "Crop yield", "Biology", "Global Forest Drought Response and Climate Change", "FOS: Environmental engineering", "Predictive modelling", "Food security", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Materials science", "Yield prediction", "Satellite", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "Growing season", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mathematics"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Zhenwang Li, Lei Ding, Donghui Xu,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Science%20of%20The%20Total%20Environment", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152880"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2022-04-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2008.05.016", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-09-10", "title": "Effect Of Organic And Inorganic Nutrient Sources On Soil Mineral Nitrogen And Maize Yields In Central Highlands Of Kenya", "description": "Abstract High population pressure in the central highlands of Kenya has led to continuous cultivation of land with minimal additional inputs leading to soil nutrient depletion. Research work has reported positive results from use of manure and biomass from Tithonia , Calliandra , Leucaena , Mucuna and Crotolaria for soil fertility replenishment. An experimental field was set up in Chuka Division to test different soil nutrient replenishment treatments. The experimental design was randomised complete block with 14 treatments replicated three times. At the beginning and end of the experiment, soil was sampled at 0\u201315\u00a0cm depth and analysed for pH, Ca, Mg, K, C, N and P. End of the 2000/2001 short rains (SR) season and 2001 long rains (LR) season, soil samples were taken at 0\u201330, 30\u2013100 and 100\u2013150\u00a0cm for nitrate and ammonium analysis. All the treatments received an equivalent of 60\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 , except herbaceous legume treatments, where N was determined by the amount of the biomass harvested and incorporated in soil and control treatment received no inputs. Results indicate soil fertility increased slightly in all treatments (except control) over the 2-year study period. Average maize grain yield across the treatments was 1.1, 5.4, 3.5 and 4.0\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 during the 2000 LR, 2000/2001 SR, 2001 LR and 2001/2002 SR, respectively. The reduced yield in 2000 LR and 2001 LR are attributed to poor rainfall distribution during the two seasons. On average, Tithonia with half recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer recorded the highest (4.8\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ) maize yield followed by sole Tithonia (4.7\u00a0Mg\u00a0ha \u22121 ). Highest average concentration (144.8 and 115.5\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ) of mineral N was recorded at the 30\u2013100\u00a0cm soil depth at the end of both 2000/2001 SR and LR, respectively. The lowest average concentration (67.1\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ) was recorded in the 100\u2013150\u00a0cm soil depth in both seasons, while during the 2001 LR, the 0\u201330\u00a0cm soil depth recorded the lowest concentration (52.3\u00a0kg\u00a0N\u00a0ha \u22121 ). The residual mineral N in the 100\u2013150\u00a0cm soil depth doubled at the end of the LR 2001 compared to what was present and the end of the SR 2000/2001 season in all treatments. This shows that there is substantial amount of mineral N that is being leached below the rooting zone of maize in this region.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Long rains", "Central highlands of Kenya", "Herbaceous legumes", "Short rains", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Maize yield", "15. Life on land", "Biomass transfer", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.05.016"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2008.05.016", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2008.05.016", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2008.05.016"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2009-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.03.008", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:06Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-03-26", "title": "Soil microbial carbon use efficiency and biomass turnover in a long-term fertilization experiment in a temperate grassland", "description": "

Soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE), defined as the ratio of organic C allocated to growth over organic C taken up, strongly affects soil carbon (C) cycling. Despite the importance of the microbial CUE for the terrestrial C cycle, very little is known about how it is affected by nutrient availability. Therefore, we studied microbial CUE and microbial biomass turnover time in soils of a long-term fertilization experiment in a temperate grassland comprising five treatments (control, PK, NK, NP, NPK). Microbial CUE and the turnover of microbial biomass were determined using a novel substrate-independent method based on incorporation of 18O from labeled water into microbial DNA. Microbial respiration was 28-37% smaller in all three N treatments (NK, NP, and NPK) compared to the control, whereas the PK treatment did not affect microbial respiration. N-fertilization decreased microbial C uptake, while the microbial growth rate was not affected. Microbial CUE ranged between 0.31 and 0.45, and was 1.3- to 1.4-fold higher in the N-fertilized soils than in the control. The turnover time ranged between 80 and 113 days and was not significantly affected by fertilization. Net primary production (NPP) and the abundance of legumes differed strongly across the treatments, and the fungal:bacterial ratio was very low in all treatments. Structural equation modeling revealed that microbial CUE was exclusively controlled by N fertilization and that neither the abundance of legumes (as a proxy for the quality of the organic matter inputs) nor NPP (as a proxy for C inputs) had an effect on microbial CUE. Our results show that N fertilization did not only decrease microbial respiration, but also microbial C uptake, indicating that less C was intracellularly processed in the N fertilized soils. The reason for reduced C uptake and increased CUE in the N-fertilization treatments is likely an inhibition of oxidative enzymes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds by N in combination with a reduced energy requirement for microbial N acquisition in the fertilized soils. In conclusion, the study shows that N availability can control soil C cycling by affecting microbial CUE, while plant community-mediated changes in organic matter inputs and P and K availability played no important role for C partitioning of the microbial community in this temperate grassland.

", "keywords": ["FUNGAL", "2. Zero hunger", "106022 Mikrobiologie", "Nitrogen addition", "BACTERIAL", "NITROGEN DEPOSITION", "GROWTH EFFICIENCY", "FOREST FLOOR", "Nutrients", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "Stoichiometry", "ORGANIC-MATTER", "RESPIRATION", "106026 \u00d6kosystemforschung", "13. Climate action", "Nutrient limitation", "Microbial growth yield", "106022 Microbiology", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Mean residence time", "STOICHIOMETRIC CONTROLS", "ENZYME-ACTIVITY", "106026 Ecosystem research", "COMMUNITY STRUCTURE"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.03.008"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Biology%20and%20Biochemistry", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.03.008", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.03.008", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.03.008"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:09Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2005-04-04", "title": "Soil Water Retention As Affected By Tillage And Residue Management In Semiarid Spain", "description": "Abstract Conservation tillage preserves soil water and this has been the main reason for its rapid dissemination in rainfed agriculture in semiarid climates. We determined the effects of conservation versus conventional tillage on available soil water capacity (AWC) and related properties at the end of 5 years of management on a clay loam calcic soil ( Calcic Haploxerept ) in semiarid northern Spain. No-tillage with (NTSB) and without stubble burning (NT), reduced chisel-plough tillage (RT) and conventional tillage with mouldboard plough (MT) were compared in rainfed barley monoculture. Bulk density ( \u03c1 b ), organic matter content (OM), soil water retention (SWR) at matric potentials of 0 to \u22121500\u00a0kPa, and soil water content (SWC) were determined in the driest year of the 5-year study period. Soil OM in the upper 0.15\u00a0m was significantly higher (13%) under NTSB, NT and RT than under MT. Soil \u03c1 b in the upper 0.15\u00a0m under NT and NTSB was greater than under RT and MT, but at a depth of 0.15\u20130.30\u00a0m was greater under RT than under the other treatments. Reorganisation of pore sizes due to tillage treatments affected AWC. Under RT and MT the largest percentage of the total soil porosity was occupied by pores >9\u00a0\u03bcm (equivalent pore diameter), in accordance with lower \u03c1 b . Available water capacity was greater with NT than with RT and MT. Higher SWC under conservation tillage systems (NT, NTSB and RT) than under MT was attributed mainly to greater AWC and to the mulching effect of crop residues. Crop yield in the driest year of the 5-year period was lowest under MT whereas no differences among treatments were found over the 5-year period. Stubble burning did not affect AWC nor barley yield. Tillage had a greater impact on soil properties and on crop yield than crop residue management.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "pore-size distribution", "no-tillage", "crop management", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "6. Clean water", "storage", "conservation tillage", "systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "root-growth", "physical-properties", "grain-yield", "organic-matter"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2005.02.028"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2006-05-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2006.10.005", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:11Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2006-12-01", "title": "The Adoption Of Annual Subsoiling As Conservation Tillage In Dryland Maize And Wheat Cultivation In Northern China", "description": "Soil compaction caused by random traffic or repetitive tillage has been shown to reduce water use efficiency, and thus crop yield due to reduced porosity, decreased water infiltration and availability of nutrients. Conservation tillage coupled with subsoiling in northern China is widely believed to reduce soil compaction, which was created after many years of no-till. However, limited research has been conducted on the most effective time interval for subsoiling, under conservation tillage. Data from conservation tillage demonstration sites operating for 10 years in northern China were used to conduct a comparative study of subsoiling interval under conservation tillage. Three modes of traditional tillage, subsoiling with soil cover and no-till with soil cover were compared using 10 years of soil bulk density, water content, yield and water use efficiency data. Cost benefit analysis was conducted on subsoiling time interval under conservation tillage. Yield and power consumption were assessed by based on the use of a single pass combine subsoiler and planter. Annual subsoiling was effective in reducing bulk density by only 4.9% compared with no-till treatments on the silty loam soils of the Loess plateau, but provided no extra benefit in terms of soil water loss, yield increase or water utilization. With the exception of bulk density, no-till and subsoiling with cover were vastly superior in increasing water use (+10.5%) efficiency and yield (+12.9%) compared to traditional tillage methods. Four years of no-till followed by one subsoiling reduced mechanical inputs by 62%, providing an economic benefit of 49% for maize and 209% for wheat production compared to traditional tillage. Annual subsoiling reduced inputs by 25% with an increased economic benefit of 23% for maize and 135% for wheat production. Yield and power consumption was improved by 5% and 20%, respectively, by combining subsoiling with the planting operation in one pass compared with multipass operations of subsoiling and planting. A key conclusion from this is that annual subsoiling in dryland areas of northern China is uneconomical and unwarranted. Four years of no-till operations followed by 1 year subsoiling provided some relief from accumulated soil compaction. However, minimum soil disturbance and maximum soil cover are key elements of no-till for saving water and improving yields. Improved yields and reduced farm power consumption could provide a significant base on which to promote combined planter and subsoiling operations throughout northern China. Further research is required to develop a better understanding of the linkages between conservation tillage, soil quality and yield, aimed at designing most appropriate conservation tillage schemes.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "no-till", "Yield", "Compaction", "Soil Science", "subsoiling", "Soil Properties", "economics", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Crop", "15. Life on land", "maize", "loess", "7. Clean energy", "333", "630", "6. Clean water", "C1", "wheat", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.10.005"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2006.10.005", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2006.10.005", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2006.10.005"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2007-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:14Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-04", "title": "Long-Term Rotation And Tillage Effects On Soil Structure And Crop Yield", "description": "Tillage and rotation are fundamental factors influencing soil quality and thus the sustainability of cropping systems. Many studies have focused on the effects of either tillage or rotation, but few have quantified the long term integrated effects of both. We studied the issue using a 30-year old long-term rotation and tillage treatment experiment on a Canadian silt loam soil. Topsoil measurements were carried out for three different rotations: R1, (C\u2013C\u2013C\u2013C) continuous corn (Zea mays L.), R6, (C\u2013C\u2013O(RC), B(RC)) corn, corn, oats (Avena fatua L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and R8, (C\u2013C\u2013S\u2013S) corn, corn, soybean (Glycine max L.), soybean. A red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) cover crop was under seeded in oats and spring barley in R6. In 2010, first year corn was grown in R6 and R8. The tillage treatments included no tillage, NT and mouldboard ploughing, MP. Topsoil structural quality was visually evaluated in early June and mid October. Minimal disturbed soil cores collected in early June were used for X-ray CT scanning and to quantify water content and porosity. Soil friability was determined on the soil samples using a drop shatter test. Crop yield was determined and correlated to the soil quality estimates. We found significant effect of both rotation and tillage on visual soil structure at both times of assessment. Poor soil structure was found for NT except when combined with a diverse crop rotation (R6). The soil core pore characteristics data also displayed a significant effect of tillage but only a weak insignificant effect of rotation. The drop shatter results were in accordance with the visual assessment data. Crop yield correlated significantly with the visual soil structure scores. We conclude that a diverse crop rotation was needed for an optimal performance of NT for the studied soil.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "X-ray CT", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "soil quality", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "yield", "rotation", "visual soil structure evaluation"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2012.02.007"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1016/j.still.2017.07.015", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:16Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2017-08-23", "title": "Spatial variability of soil properties and cereal yield in a cultivated field on sandy soil", "description": "Abstract Sandy soils are used in agriculture in different regions of the world. In Poland soils derived from sands occupy about 50% of agricultural area. Productivity of the soils depend on the soil properties that vary in the scale of field. This study aimed at determining and mapping the within-field variation of soil physical and chemical properties and grain yield of oats, rye, oats and triticale in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2015, respectively. The experiment was set up in a field (200\u00a0\u00d7\u00a050\u00a0m) on sandy soil in Trzebieszow (region Podlasie, Poland). The soil measurements included sand, silt, clay, and organic carbon (SOC) contents, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH in the topsoil (0\u201310\u00a0cm) and subsoil (30\u201340\u00a0cm) layers in 2001, and water content and bulk density in the topsoil layer in spring and summer 2002\u20132003. The yields of oats were assessed in 2001 and 2003 and those of rye and triticale in 2002 and 2015, respectively. The soil properties and cereal yields were determined at 33\u201355 points in a grid evenly covering the whole field area. The results were analyzed using classic statistics and geostatistics by constructing semivariograms and 2D mapping by Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW). The cereal grain yields were significantly positively correlated with the topsoil water content (SWC) (r\u00a0=\u00a00.295\u20130.711), clay content (r\u00a0=\u00a00.081\u20130.174), and SOC in the subsoil (r\u00a0=\u00a00.208\u20130.271) and CEC in both layers (r\u00a0=\u00a00.123\u20130.298) and negatively correlated with bulk density (BD) (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u20130.065 to \u22120.279). The spatial dependence determined by the \u201cnugget-to-sill\u201d ratio was moderate or weak for the silt and clay content, CEC, and pH (29\u201379%) and strong for SOC, BD, SWC, and crop yield (0.2\u201313.2%). The effective range of the spatial dependence for all studied quantities varied from 9.9 to 120\u00a0m. The cereal yields were positively and significantly correlated between all study years (r\u00a0=\u00a00.141\u20130.734), which indicates inter-annual similarity in their spatial distribution. The 2D maps based on the IDW allowed assessing how gradual or sharp the changes in the studied quantities from one place to another are. Similar spatial patterns of the SWC, SOC and CEC, and crop yields were observed. This is of importance in precise and sustainable field management aimed at increasing and aligning spatial crop productivity of the studied low-productivity sandy soils that will have to be used in crop production due to the current shortage of land resources and food supplies on a global scale.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "2D maps", "soil properties", "sandy soil", "spatial variation", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "cereal yield", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "semivariograms", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.07.015"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20and%20Tillage%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1016/j.still.2017.07.015", "name": "item", "description": "10.1016/j.still.2017.07.015", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1016/j.still.2017.07.015"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2017-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-22", "description": "Researchers worked with farmers in eastern Uganda to develop alternatives for soil management using crotalaria (Crotalaria ochroleuca), mucuna (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis), lablab (Dolichos lablab), and canavalia (Canavalia ensiformis) as green manures in short-term fallows. The participatory research was part of a community-based approach for systems improvement. Grain yields of maize (Zea mays) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) following one season of crotalaria fallow were 41% and 43%, respectively, more than following a two-season weedy fallow. Grain yields of maize following a one-season fallow with mucuna and lablab were 60% and 50% higher, respectively, as compared with maize following maize. Maize and bean yield were more, although effects were small, during the second and third subsequent seasons, indicating probable residual effects of the green manures. Mucuna and lablab were successfully produced by intersowing into maize at three weeks after sowing maize, although the yields of the associated maize crop were reduced by 24% to 28%. Farmers estimated the labor requirements for mucuna and lablab to be less than for crotalaria. Farmers independently experimented on how these species can be integrated into banana (Musa spp.), coffee (Coffea robusta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and cassava (Manihot esculenta) production systems. Farmers reported that the beneficial effects of the green manures included higher food-crop yields; weed suppression; improved soil fertility, soil moisture, and soil tilth; and erosion control. Mucuna and lablab were preferred because of reduced labor requirements and increased net benefits compared with continuous cropping. Farmer participation in the green manure research resulted in efficient generation and adaptation of green manure technology now being promoted in eastern and central Uganda.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "manihot esculenta", "lablad purpureus", "yields", "phaseolus vulgaris", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "feed crops", "mucuna pruriens", "zea mays", "canavalia ensiformis", "manejo del suelo", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "green manures", "abonos verdes", "soil management", "rendimiento"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Fischler, MA, Wortmann, Charles S.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006234523163"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1006234523163", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1006234523163"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-12-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1006288301044", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:26Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2002-12-22", "title": "Alley Cropping Of Maize With Calliandra And Leucaena In The Subhumid Highlands Of Kenya: Part 1. Soil-Fertility Changes And Maize Yield", "description": "Although N-rich leaf biomass of multipurpose trees is known to be a good source of N to crops, integrating such trees into crop production systems is a major challenge in the development of viable agroforestry systems. An approach to integrating calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissner) and leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit), two promising agroforestry tree species, into maize (Zea mays L.) production system was investigated in the subhumid highlands of central Kenya during four maize-growing seasons from 1994 to 1996. The experiment consisted of maize plots to which tree prunings obtained from hedgerows grown either in situ (alley cropping) or ex situ (biomass transfer from outside) were applied. When alley-cropped with leucaena, maize produced significantly higher yields compared to maize monoculture (both non-fertilized and fertilized) treatments, but when alley-cropped with calliandra, the yield of maize was less than that of the monocropped unfertilized control. Application of ex situ grown calliandra and leucaena prunings with or without fertilizer resulted in higher maize grain yield than in the nonfertilized and fertilized treatments. Yields of calliandra alley- cropped maize were 11% to 51% lower than those of nonalley-cropped treatments receiving calliandra prunings from ex situ grown trees; the decrease was 2% to 17% with leucaena, indicating that calliandra hedges were more competitive than leucaena hedges. The alley-cropped prunings-removed treatments produced the lowest maize yields. The study showed that, in the subhumid tropical highlands of Kenya, inclusion of calliandra hedges on cropland adversely affected maize yields. On the other hand, alley cropping with leucaena was advantageous.", "keywords": ["580", "2. Zero hunger", "571", "prunings", "biomass transfer", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "15. Life on land", "competition"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006288301044"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agroforestry%20Systems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1006288301044", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1006288301044", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1006288301044"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479708006443", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-06-20", "title": "The Role Of Cattle Manure In Enhancing On-Farm Productivity, Macro- And Micro-Nutrient Uptake, And Profitability Of Maize In The Guinea Savanna", "description": "SUMMARY

An on-farm trial was conducted in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria, over a period of five years, with the objectives of quantifying the effects on maize of applying cattle manure in combination with synthetic fertilizer with regard to soil characteristics, yield, plant nutrition and profitability. Maize grain yield was significantly increased by the annual application of cattle manure, compared to maize receiving an equal amount of N through synthetic fertilizer, but only from the third year of the experiment. The application of manure resulted in higher soil Kjel N, Bray-I P and exchangeable K values, and an increased N utilization efficiency by maize, suggesting that yield-limiting factors other than N deficiencies were of lesser importance than in the treatment receiving sole inorganic fertilizer. Nutrients other than N applied via the manure, particularly P, K and/or B, may have contributed to the higher grain yields in treatments receiving manure. A partial budgeting analysis revealed that, over a 5-year period, investments in the application of manure, in combination with synthetic fertilizer, resulted in higher margins than the application of fertilizer alone. However, analyses of marginal rates of return of changes from low urea N to high urea N or additional manure applications suggested that it was more profitable to invest in additional urea than in organic manure in the first two years of the experiment. The results suggested that manure applications, even when applied at relatively high rates, did not serve as a quick fix to on-farm soil fertility problems, but over a longer period, manure applied in combination with synthetic fertilizers did provide a significant and profitable contribution to enhanced cereal production.

", "keywords": ["fertility", "northern nigeria", "2. Zero hunger", "livestock systems", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "west-africa", "continuous cultivation", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "yield", "organic-matter", "management", "nitrogen", "soil"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479708006443"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479708006443", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479708006443", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479708006443"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-07-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0014479711000895", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-10-11", "title": "Effect Of Reduced Tillage And Mineral Fertilizer Application On Maize And Soybean Productivity", "description": "SUMMARY

Reduced tillage is said to be one of the potential ways to reverse land degradation and ultimately increase the productivity of degrading soils of Africa. We hypothesised that crop yield following a modest application of 2 t ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921 of crop residue in a reduced tillage system is similar to the yield obtained from a conventional tillage system, and that incorporation of legumes in a cropping system leads to greater economic benefits as opposed to a cropping system involving continuous maize. Three cropping systems (continuous maize monocropping, legume/maize intercropping and rotation) under different tillage and residue management systems were tested in sub-humid western Kenya over 10 seasons. While soybean performed equally well in both tillage systems throughout, maize yield was lower in reduced than conventional tillage during the first five seasons but no significant differences were observed after season 6. Likewise, with crop residue application, yields in conventional and reduced tillage systems are comparable after season 6. Nitrogen and phosphorus increased yield by up to 100% compared with control. Gross margins were not significantly different among the cropping systems being only 6 to 39% more in the legume\uffe2\uff80\uff93cereal systems relative to similar treatments in continuous cereal monocropping system. After 10 seasons of reduced tillage production, the economic benefits for our cropping systems are still not attractive for a switch from the conventional to reduced tillage.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "yields", "cropping systems", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "sistemas de cultivo", "tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "mineral nutrients", "labranza", "nutrientes minerales", "intercropping", "cultivo intercalado", "rendimiento"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0014479711000895"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Experimental%20Agriculture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0014479711000895", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0014479711000895", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0014479711000895"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-10-11T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/s0021859611000050", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"license": "Open Access", "updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:20Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2011-01-28", "title": "Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics And Crop Yield For Different Crop Rotations In A Degraded Ferruginous Tropical Soil In A Semi-Arid Region: A Simulation Approach", "description": "SUMMARY

In recent years, simulation models have been used as a complementary tool for research and for quantifying soil carbon sequestration under widely varying conditions. This has improved the understanding and prediction of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and crop yield responses to soil and climate conditions and crop management scenarios. The goal of the present study was to estimate the changes in SOC for different cropping systems in West Africa using a simulation model. A crop rotation experiment conducted in Farak\uffc3\uffb4-Ba, Burkina Faso was used to evaluate the performance of the cropping system model (CSM) of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for simulating yield of different crops. Eight crop rotations that included cotton, sorghum, peanut, maize and fallow, and three different management scenarios, one without N (control), one with chemical fertilizer (N) and one with manure applications, were studied. The CSM was able to simulate the yield trends of various crops, with inconsistencies for a few years. The simulated SOC increased slightly across the years for the sorghum\uffe2\uff80\uff93fallow rotation with manure application. However, SOC decreased for all other rotations except for the continuous fallow (native grassland), in which the SOC remained stable. The model simulated SOC for the continuous fallow system with a high degree of accuracy normalized root mean square error (RMSE)=0\uffc2\uffb7001, while for the other crop rotations the simulated SOC values were generally within the standard deviation (s.d.) range of the observed data. The crop rotations that included a supplemental N-fertilizer or manure application showed an increase in the average simulated aboveground biomass for all crops. The incorporation of this biomass into the soil after harvest reduced the loss of SOC. In the present study, the observed SOC data were used for characterization of production systems with different SOC dynamics. Following careful evaluation of the CSM with observed soil organic matter (SOM) data similar to the study presented here, there are many opportunities for the application of the CSM for carbon sequestration and resource management in Sub-Saharan Africa.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "crop rotation", "yields", "Crops and Soils", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000050"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/The%20Journal%20of%20Agricultural%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/s0021859611000050", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/s0021859611000050", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/s0021859611000050"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2011-01-28T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:25Z", "type": "Journal Article", "description": "Open AccessUsing a three year trial in Nigeria, this article examines the effectiveness of leguminous cover crops on maize yield in West Africa. Testing multiple types of cover crops, the study universally demonstrates the cover crops conserve nitrogen and result in improvements for maize yield in both drier and wetter years. While the cover crop was more effective in improving nitrogen in wetter conditions, yields still improved during the drier year with the cover crop.", "keywords": ["Soil nutrients", "Soil management", "fertilizers", "Conservation agriculture", "Nitrogen concentration", "legumes", "trials", "Green manure crops", "crops", "Soil fertility", "Soil quality", "Biomass production", "Legume cover crops", "Soil conservation", "Nitrogen fertilizer replacement index", "West Africa", "Maize yield", "Field Scale"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Tian, G., Kolawole, G.O., Kang, B.T., Kirchhof, G.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1004873206350"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1004873206350", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1004873206350"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2000-09-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1017/wsc.2018.4", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:21Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2018-04-04", "title": "Assessment Of Management Options On Striga Infestation And Maize Grain Yield In Kenya", "description": "Abstract

The parasitic purple witchweed [Striga hermonthica(Del.) Benth.] is a serious constraint to maize production in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in poor soils. VariousStrigaspp. control measures have been developed, but these have not been assessed in an integrated system. This study was conducted to evaluate a set of promising technologies forS. hermonthicamanagement in western Kenya. We evaluated three maize genotypes either intercropped with peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.), soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], or silverleaf desmodium [Desmodium uncinatum(Jacq.) DC] or as a sole crop at two locations under artificialS. hermonthicainfestation and at three locations under naturalS. hermonthicainfestation between 2011 and 2013. Combined ANOVA showed significant (P<0.05) cropping system and cropping system by environment interactions for most traits measured. Grain yield was highest for maize grown in soybean rotation (3,672 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) under artificial infestation and inD. uncinatumand peanut cropping systems (3,203 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921and 3,193 kg ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921) under natural infestation. Grain yield was highest for theStrigaspp.-resistant hybrid under both methods of infestation. A lower number of emergedS. hermonthicaplants per square meter were recorded at 10 and 12 wk after planting on maize grown underD. uncinatumin the artificialS. hermonthicainfestation. A combination of herbicide-resistant maize varieties intercropped with legumes was a more effective method forS. hermonthicacontrol than individual-component technologies. Herbicide-resistant andStrigaspp.-resistant maize integrated with legumes would help reduce theStrigaspp. seedbank in the soil. Farmers should be encouraged to adopt an integrated approach to controlStrigaspp. for better maize yields.

", "keywords": ["0106 biological sciences", "striga infestation", "legumes", "Infestation", "Plant Science", "Striga", "maize", "01 natural sciences", "Article", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes", "peanuts", "Biology", "Sowing", "Sorghum", "Taxonomy", "2. Zero hunger", "Crop Diversity", "Life Sciences", "cropping systems", "Biodiversity", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "Strigolactone Signaling in Plant Interactions", "15. Life on land", "yield", "Agronomy", "soybeans", "Striga hermonthica", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Intercropping in Agricultural Systems", "varieities", "intercropping", "Agronomy and Crop Science"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.4"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Weed%20Science", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1017/wsc.2018.4", "name": "item", "description": "10.1017/wsc.2018.4", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1017/wsc.2018.4"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2018-04-04T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:27Z", "type": "Journal Article", "title": "Roots, Soil Water And Crop Yield: Tree Crop Interactions In A Semi-Arid Agroforestry System In Kenya", "description": "Variations in soil water, crop yield and fine roots of 3\u20134 year-old Grevillea robusta Cunn. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. growing in association with maize (Zea mays L.) were examined in semiarid Kenya during the long rains of 1996 and 1997. Even although tree roots penetrated more deeply than maize roots, maximum root length densities for both tree species and maize occurred in the top 200 mm of the soil profile where soil moisture was frequently recharged by rains. Populations of roots in plots containing trees were dominated by tree roots at the beginning of the growing season but because tree roots died and maize root length increased during the cropping season, amounts of tree and maize roots were similar at the end of the season. Thus, there was evidence of temporal separation of root activity between species, but there was no spatial separation of the rooting zones of the trees and crops within that part of the soil profile occupied by crop roots. Tree root length density declined with increasing distances from rows of trees and with depth in the soil profile. Although Grevillea trees were largest, plots containing G. sepium trees always contained more tree roots than plots containing G. robusta trees and Gliricidia was more competitive with maize than Grevillea. Overall, Gliricidia reduced crop yield by about 50% and Grevillea by about 40% relative to crop yield in control plots lacking trees and reductions of crop yield were greatest close to trees. There was less soil moisture in plots containing trees than in control plots. Such difference between control plots and plots containing trees were maximal at the end of the dry season and there was always less soil moisture close to trees than elsewhere in the plots. Plots containing Gliricidia trees contained less soil water than plots containing Grevillea trees.", "keywords": ["Grevillea robusta", "fine root dynamics", "crop yield", "soil moisture", "Gliricidia sepium", "Zea mays"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Odhiambo, H.O., Ong, C.K., Deans, J.D., Wilson, J., Khan, A.A.H., Sprent, J.I.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011959805622"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Plant%20and%20Soil", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/a:1011959805622", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/a:1011959805622"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:29Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2004-03-10", "title": "Nitrogen Fertilizer Equivalencies Of Organics Of Differing Quality And Optimum Combination With Inorganic Nitrogen Source In Central Kenya", "description": "Decline in crop yields is a major problem facing smallholder farmers in Kenya and the entire Sub-Saharan region. This is attributed mainly to the mining of major nutrients due to continuous cropping without addition of adequate external nutrients. In most cases inorganic fertilizers are expensive, hence unaffordable to most smallholder farmers. Although organic nutrient sources are available, information about their potential use is scanty. A field experiment was set up in the sub-humid highlands of Kenya to establish the chemical fertilizer equivalency values of different organic materials based on their quality. The experiment consisted of maize plots to which freshly collected leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia), Senna spectabilis (senna) and Calliandra calothyrsus (calliandra) (all with %N>3) obtained from hedgerows grown ex situ (biomass transfer) and urea (inorganic nitrogen source) were applied. Results obtained for the cumulative above ground biomass yield for three seasons indicated that a combination of both organic and inorganic nutrient source gave higher maize biomass yield than when each was applied separately. Above ground biomass yield production in maize (t ha\u22121) from organic and inorganic fertilization was in the order of senna+urea (31.2), tithonia+urea (29.4), calliandra+urea (29.3), tithonia (28.6), senna (27.9), urea (27.4), calliandra (25.9), and control (22.5) for three cumulative seasons. On average, the three organic materials (calliandra, senna and tithonia) gave fertilizer equivalency values for the nitrogen contained in them of 50, 87 and 118%, respectively. It is therefore recommended that tithonia biomass be used in place of mineral fertilizer as a source of nitrogen. The high equivalency values can be attributed to the synergetic effects of nutrient supply, and improved moisture and soil physical conditions of the mulch. However, for sustainable agricultural production, combination with mineral fertilizer would be the best option.", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Organic", "biomass", "N fertilizer equivalency", "yields", "abonos nitrogenados", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "910", "15. Life on land", "maize", "N-sources", "6. Clean water", "ma\u00edz", "12. Responsible consumption", "Inorganic", "zea mays", "nitrogen fertilizers", "biomasa", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "organic fertilizers", "inorganic fertilizers", "abonos org\u00e1nicos", "abonos inorg\u00e1nicos", "rendimiento"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Nutrient%20Cycling%20in%20Agroecosystems", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "name": "item", "description": "10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1023/b:fres.0000019043.33580.a6"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2004-02-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1029/2023gb007989", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:32Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2024-03-07", "title": "Decreasing Photoreactivity and Concurrent Change in Dissolved Organic Matter Composition With Increasing Inland Water Residence Time", "description": "Abstract

Photochemical degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been the subject of numerous studies; however, its regulation along the inland water continuum is still unclear. We aimed to unravel the DOM photoreactivity and concurrent DOM compositional changes across 30 boreal aquatic ecosystems including peat waters, streams, rivers, and lakes distributed along a water residence time (WRT) gradient. Samples were subjected to a standardized exposure of simulated sunlight. We measured the apparent quantum yield (AQY), which corresponds to DOM photomineralization per photon absorbed, and the compositional change in DOM at bulk and individual compound levels in the original samples and after irradiation. AQY increased with the abundance of terrestrially derived DOM and decreased at higher WRT. Additionally, the photochemical changes in both DOM optical properties and molecular composition resembled changes along the natural boreal WRT gradient at low WRT (<3\uffc2\uffa0years). Accordingly, mass spectrometry revealed that the abundance of photolabile and photoproduced molecules decreased with WRT along the boreal aquatic continuum. Our study highlights the tight link between DOM composition and DOM photodegradation. We suggest that photodegradation is an important driver of DOM composition change in waters with low WRT, where DOM is highly photoreactive.This study assesses the potential of regional microwave backscatter data assimilation (DA) in AquaCrop for the first time, using NASA's Land Information System. The objective is to assess whether the assimilation setup can improve surface soil moisture (SSM) and crop biomass estimates. SSM and crop biomass simulations from AquaCrop were updated using Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff901 synthetic aperture radar observations, over three regions in Europe in two separate DA experiments. The first experiment concerned updating SSM using VV\uffe2\uff80\uff90polarized backscatter and the corrections were propagated via the model to the biomass. In the second experiment, the DA setup was extended by also updating the biomass with VH\uffe2\uff80\uff90polarized backscatter. SSM was evaluated with local in situ data and with downscaled Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) retrievals for all cropland grid cells, whereas crop biomass was compared to SMAP vegetation optical depth and the Copernicus dry matter productivity. The assimilation showed mixed results for root mean square error and Pearson's correlation, with slight overall improvements in the (anomaly) correlations of updated SSM relative to independent in situ and satellite data. By contrast, the biomass estimates obtained with backscatter DA did not agree better with reference data sets. Overall, the SSM evaluation showed that there is potential in using Sentinel\uffe2\uff80\uff901 backscatter for assimilation in AquaCrop, but the present setup was not able to improve crop biomass estimates. Our study reveals how the complex interaction between SSM, crop biomass and backscatter affect the impact and performance of DA, offering insight into ways to optimize DA for crop growth estimation.The present work aims to quantify the impact of climate change (CC) on the grain yields of irrigated cereals and their water requirements in the Tensift region of Morocco. The Med-CORDEX (MEDiterranean COordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment) ensemble runs under scenarios RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway) and RCP8.5 are first evaluated and disaggregated using the quantile-quantile approach. The impact of CC on the duration of the main wheat phenological stages based on the degree-day approach is then analyzed. The results show that the rise in air temperature causes a shortening of the development cycle of up to 50 days. The impacts of rising temperature and changes in precipitation on wheat yields are next evaluated, based on the AquaCrop model, both with and without taking into account the fertilizing effect of CO2. As expected, optimal wheat yields will decrease on the order of 7 to 30% if CO2 concentration rise is not considered. The fertilizing effect of CO2 can counterbalance yield losses, since optimal yields could increase by 7% and 13% respectively at mid-century for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Finally, water requirements are expected to decrease by 13 to 42%, mainly in response to the shortening of the cycle. This decrease is associated with a change in temporal patterns, with the requirement peak coming two months earlier than under current conditions.

", "keywords": ["Water resources", "Atmospheric sciences", "Agricultural Irrigation", "environment/Bioclimatology", "550", "Representative Concentration Pathways", "Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture", "Arid", "Rain", "[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Climate Change and Variability Research", "Plant Science", "Precipitation", "02 engineering and technology", "01 natural sciences", "Agricultural and Biological Sciences", "Downscaling", "Climate change", "Quantile", "Triticum", "Climatology", "2. Zero hunger", "Global and Planetary Change", "Ecology", "Geography", "Temperature", "Life Sciences", "Geology", "Morocco", "Phenology", "[SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", "Seeds", "Physical Sciences", "Metallurgy", "Desert Climate", "Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology", "Climate Change", "0207 environmental engineering", "Yield (engineering)", "Climate model", "Article", "Environmental science", "FOS: Economics and business", "Meteorology", "FOS: Mathematics", "Econometrics", "[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Biology", "Ecology", " Evolution", " Behavior and Systematics", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences", "[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy", "Water", "FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences", "Carbon Dioxide", "15. Life on land", "Agronomy", "Materials science", "[SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment/Bioclimatology", "13. Climate action", "FOS: Biological sciences", "Environmental Science", "[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology", "Crop Yield", "Mediterranean climate", "Mathematics", "Climate Modeling"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55251-2.pdf"}, {"href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Scientific%20Reports", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "name": "item", "description": "10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1038/s41598-019-55251-2"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2019-12-16T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1038/s41598-019-56266-5", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:39Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2019-12-27", "title": "Determining the effect of exogenous organic materials on spatial distribution of maize yield", "description": "Abstract

Knowledge on spatial distribution of crop yield in relation to fixed soil fertilisation with exogenous organic materials is essential for improving precise crop and soil management practices within a field. This study assessed the effect of various application rates and types of exogenous (recycled) organic materials (EOMs) containing different organic matter and nitrogen contents vs. mineral nitrogen on the yield of maize by means of linear regressions (trends), spatial kriging-interpolated maps, and Bland-Altman statistics. The experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on two soils, i.e. loam silt in Braszowice (Poland) and clay silt loam in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice (Czech Republic) under a cross-border cooperation project. The organic materials included compost from manure, slurry, and straw (Ag), industrial organic compost from sewage sludge (Ra), animal meal from animal by-products (Mb), and digestate from a biogas fries factory (Dg). The following 3 application rates of each EOM were adjusted according to the reference 100%\uffe2\uff80\uff89=\uffe2\uff80\uff89200\uffe2\uff80\uff89kg\uffe2\uff80\uff89N ha\uffe2\uff88\uff921: 50 (50% N from EOM and 50% mineral N), 75 (75% N from EOM and 25% mineral N), and 100 (100% N from EOM). 100% mineral N was applied on control plots. All treatments were carried out in 4 replicates. The linear regressions between the EOM application rates and the maize yield were in general ascending in the Braszowice soil and descending in the more productive Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice soil. The spatial kriging-interpolated maps allowed separating zones of lower and higher yields with EOMs compared to the control. They were attributed in part to the different EOM application rates and soil water contents. The Bland-Altaman statistics showed that addition of 50% of N from EOMs in 2013 caused a decrease and an increase in the maize grain yield in Braszowice and Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, respectively, whereas the inverse was true with the 75 and 100% EOM additions. In 2014, the yield of maize for silage increased with the increasing EOM application rate in Braszowice and decreased in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice, but it was smaller on all EOM-amended plots than in the control. As shown by the limits of agreement lines, the maize yields were more even in Pust\uffc3\uffa9 Jakartice than Braszowice. These results provide helpful information for selection of the most yield-producing EOM rates depending on the site soil conditions and prevalent weather conditions.Winter wheat was grown at ambient and elevated (ambient plus 350\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff80\uff931) CO2 concentrations in open top chambers and in field\uffe2\uff80\uff90tracking sun\uffe2\uff80\uff90lit climatized enclosures (elevated is 718\uffe2\uff80\uff83\uffce\uffbcL\uffe2\uff80\uff83L\uffe2\uff80\uff931). There was no significant effect of CO2 concentration on sheath, leaf and root biomass and leaf area in the early spring (January to April). 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h canopy CO2 exchange rate (CCER) was not significantly affected either. However, elevated CO2 concentration increased CCER at midday, decreased evapotranspiration rate and increased instantaneous water\uffe2\uff80\uff90use\uffe2\uff80\uff90efficiency during early spring. Leaf, sheath and root nitrogen concentration per unit dry weight decreased and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration increased under elevated CO2, and N\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake per unit ground area decreased significantly (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8322%) towards the end of this period.

These results contrast with results from the final harvest, when grain yield and biomass were increased by 19% under elevated CO2. N concentration per dry weight was reduced by 5%, but N\uffe2\uff80\uff90uptake per unit ground area was significantly higher (+\uffe2\uff80\uff8311%) for the elevated CO2 treatment. 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h and midday\uffe2\uff80\uff90CCER increased significantly more in late spring (period of 21 April to 30 May) (respectively by +\uffe2\uff80\uff8340% and 53%) than in the early spring (respectively 5% and 19%) in response to elevated CO2. Midday evapotranspiration rate was reduced less by elevated CO2 in the late spring (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8313%) than in early spring (\uffe2\uff80\uff93\uffe2\uff80\uff8321%). The CO2 response of midday and 24\uffe2\uff80\uff90h CCER decreased again (+\uffe2\uff80\uff8327% and +\uffe2\uff80\uff8323% resp.) towards the end of the growing season.

We conclude that the low response to CO2 concentration during the early spring was associated with a growth\uffe2\uff80\uff90restriction, caused by low temperature and irradiance levels. The reduction of nitrogen concentration, the increase of nonstructural carbohydrate, and the lower evapotranspiration indicated that CO2 did have an effect towards the end of early spring, but not on biomass accumulation. Regression analysis showed that both irradiance and temperature affected the response to CO2.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "0106 biological sciences", "Yield", "Open-top chambers", "Co2-temperature interaction", "Triticum aestivum", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "01 natural sciences", "Seasonal influences", "Early spring growth", "Wheat", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "Co2-light interaction"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Dijkstra, P., Schapendonk, A.H.C.M., Groenwold, K., Jansen, M., van de Geijn, S.C.,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Global%20Change%20Biology", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00249.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "1999-06-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:46Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2007-02-09", "title": "Drainage Runoff And Migration Of Mineral Elements In Organic And Conventional Cropping Systems", "description": "Open AccessIn the present investigation, organic and intensive cropping systems were compared on small autonomous drainage plots in limed Luvisoils and Cambisoils as well as non-acid Cambisoils during the period 1995-1998. In the intensive cropping system with balanced nutrient application, the yield of all crops was 38-77% higher than in the organic cropping system. Cropping intensity had no influence on mineral concentration in drainage water, which depended on geochemical soil media. The concentrations of Cl$^-$ and NO$_3^-$ in drainage water were, respectively, 8-22 and 24-80% higher than in the organic system. But at low N application, improvement of fertilisation efficiency increased crop yield and decreased nitrate leaching at the same time. The leached amount of solutes depended mainly upon drainage runoff, which was 6-57% lower in the intensive cropping system than in the organic one, and much less upon its concentration. From this study, organic agriculture has no essential advantage compared with intensive agriculture, considering the amount of leached elements and compounds, and secondarily, crop productivity.", "keywords": ["lessivage", "[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences", "yield
---
agriculture intensive", "organic agriculture", "rendement", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "01 natural sciences", "fertilisation", "intensive agriculture", "leaching", "[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology", " environment", "agriculture biologique", "nitrate", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "0105 earth and related environmental sciences"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Antanas Sigitas Sileika, Saulius Guzys,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2003428"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Agronomie", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "name": "item", "description": "10.1051/agro:2003428", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1051/agro:2003428"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2003-11-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:17:34Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-10-09", "title": "Permanent Raised Beds Improved Soil Structure And Yield Of Spring Wheat In Arid North-Western China", "description": "Abstract

In arid north\uffe2\uff80\uff90western China, soil degradation, limited water and subsequent yield decline, largely as a result of excessive tillage and residue removal practices, are the main factors limiting further development of local agriculture. The effects of permanent raised beds (PRB), no\uffe2\uff80\uff90till (NT) and traditional tillage (TT) on soil structure and yield were investigated in a wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) \uffe2\uff80\uff93 maize (Zea maysL.) cropping system from 2004 to 2009 in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province, China. PRB and NT had more macro\uffe2\uff80\uff90aggregates (>0.25\uffe2\uff80\uff83mm, +2.7%), a better distribution of pore size classes and improved hydraulic conductivity, whereas TT soils were dominated by micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90aggregates and micro\uffe2\uff80\uff90porosity. In PRB, soil bulk density decreased significantly by 6.3 and 7.0% for the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 10\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm and 20\uffe2\uff80\uff90 to 30\uffe2\uff80\uff90cm depths relative to TT. The PRB mean crop yields increased by 4.2% and water use efficiency improved by 21.3% compared with TT because of greater soil moisture and improved soil physical and chemical status. These improvements in soil properties, yield and water use are of considerable importance for soil regeneration, food security and sustainable agriculture in arid regions, such as north\uffe2\uff80\uff90western China.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "soil fertility", "soil porosity", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "yield", "permanent raised beds", "630", "6. Clean water", "aggregate stability"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Use%20and%20Management", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "name": "item", "description": "10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00445.x"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2012-10-09T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr07106", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:50Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2008-12-02", "title": "Traffic And Tillage Effects On Wheat Production On The Loess Plateau Of China: 1. Crop Yield And Som", "description": "

Challenges for dryland farming on the Loess Plateau of China are continuous nutrient loss, low soil organic matter and crop yield, and soil degradation. Controlled traffic, combined with zero or minimum tillage and residue cover, has been proposed to improve soil structure and crop yield. From 1998 to 2006, we conducted a field experiment comparing soil organic matter and wheat productivity between controlled traffic and conventional tillage farming systems. The field experiment was conducted using 2 controlled traffic treatments (zero tillage with residue cover and no compaction, shallow tillage with residue cover and no compaction) and a conventional tillage treatment. Results showed that controlled traffic treatments significantly increased soil organic matter and microbial biomass in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.30\uffe2\uff80\uff89m soil profile. Controlled traffic with zero tillage significantly increased total N in the 0\uffe2\uff80\uff930.05\uffe2\uff80\uff89m soil profile. The mean yield over 8 years of controlled traffic treatments was >10% greater than that of conventional tillage. Controlled traffic farming appears to be a solution to the cropping problems faced on the Loess Plateau of China.

", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "Soil organic matter", "Controlled traffic", "Wheat yield", "13. Climate action", "2304 Environmental Chemistry", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "1111 Soil Science", "630", "6. Clean water"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr07106"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr07106", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr07106", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr07106"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1071/sr15074", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:51Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2016-07-03", "title": "Impact Of Reduced Tillage And Crop Residue Management On Soil Properties And Crop Yields In A Long-Term Trial In Western Kenya", "description": "

Sustainable farming practices are required to address the persistent problems of land degradation and declining crop productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Approaches such as reducing tillage and retaining crop residues as mulch are potential entry points for smallholder farmers to move towards sustainability. In this study, we assessed the impact of reduced tillage (RT) compared with conventional tillage (CT), each combined with crop residue reapplication, on soil quality indicators and crop yields under an 8-year trial in western Kenya. Our results indicate that RT combined with crop residue reapplication enhanced soil physical quality through increased macroaggregate (>2000\uffc2\uffb5m) proportions and mean weight diameter. Similarly, lower respiratory quotient values indicate that soil microbes under RT have better substrate-use efficiency than those under CT. Nevertheless, soil organic carbon (C), potentially mineralisable C, microbial biomass C and mineral nitrogen contents were all higher under CT with crop residue incorporated into the soil. Maize grain yield and aboveground biomass were also higher under CT. Thus, despite RT showing potential to improve soil physical properties, CT performed better. A stepwise approach is proposed towards the practice of conservation agriculture under resource-constrained smallholder farming conditions, starting with increased biomass production to provide crop residue for soil cover, followed by RT approaches.

", "keywords": ["labranza de conservaci\u00f3n", "2. Zero hunger", "soil chemicophysical properties", "soil fertility", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "crop yield", "fertilidad del suelo", "15. Life on land", "smallholders", "12. Responsible consumption", "sistemas de explotaci\u00f3n", "nutrient management", "13. Climate action", "propiedades f\u00edsico - qu\u00edmicas suelo", "conservation tillage", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "farming systems", "rendimiento de cultivos"]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Soil%20Research", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1071/sr15074", "name": "item", "description": "10.1071/sr15074", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1071/sr15074"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2016-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/01448765.2008.9755063", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:57Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2012-04-24", "title": "Groundnut/Cassava/Maize Intercrop Yields Over Three Cycles Of Planted Tree Fallow/Crop Rotations On Ultisol In Southern Cameroon", "description": "ABSTRACT Lack of crop yield response to planted tree fallow led to introducing a two-year fallow phase to determine if planted tree fallow can improve soil fertility and yields over a no-tree control. Three cycles of two years fallow followed by slash-and-burn land preparation and one year of groundnut/cassava/maize intercropping were conducted with Senna spectabilis, Flemingia macrophylla and Dactyladenia barteri as planted hedgerow fallows and a no-tree control on an Ultisol in southern Cameroon. The land had been continuously cropped to maize/cassava intercrop for 5 years previous to the first two-year fallow phase. Groundnut grain yields were unaffected by fallow system in 1998 and 2001 and the sum of the three cropping years. Maize grain yield was unaffected by fallow system in 1998. In 2001 and 2004 maize grain yield was highest in the S. spectabilis system. Total maize grain yield across the three cropping years was higher in the F. macrophylla and S. spectabilis systems than in the D. barteri syst...", "keywords": ["2. Zero hunger", "groundnuts", "biomass", "flemingia macrophylla", "senna spectabilis", "0401 agriculture", " forestry", " and fisheries", "04 agricultural and veterinary sciences", "15. Life on land", "cassava root yields", "maize grain yield", "dactyladenia barteri"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Hauser, S.", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2008.9755063"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Biological%20Agriculture%20%26amp%3B%20Horticulture", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/01448765.2008.9755063", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/01448765.2008.9755063", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/01448765.2008.9755063"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}, {"id": "10.1080/10106049.2025.2493741", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"updated": "2026-08-24T16:16:59Z", "type": "Journal Article", "created": "2025-04-28", "title": "The model for grain wheat yield prediction at high spatial resolution based on physical-geographical properties and satellite vegetation indices", "description": "Precision agriculture is promising approach for improving agricultural production, especially nowadays when the population is rapidly increasing. For that, crop yield estimation provides valuable information. The main research focus was to predict within-field grain yield and detect its drivers. The Random Forest regression model on data from diverse sources at the 10-meter spatial resolution was developed. The study was conducted in the Vojvodina region (Serbia) for eight wheat-planted fields, having precise grain yield data. Open-source data including 15 vegetation indices (VIs) was calculated from Sentinel-2 satellite bands, physical-geographical features obtained from the digital elevation model and soil properties. The model succeeded in predicting the wheat grain yield with the RMSE of 0.66 t/ha (average yield of 0.09 t/ha) and the best predictors were VIs considering chlorophyll and moisture content in plants, while physical-geographical properties managed to explain within-field variability. This methodology can be applied to other crops (maize, soybean).", "keywords": ["Topography", "remote sensing", "Physical geography", "machine learning", "remotesensing", "wheat yield", "GB3-5030"], "contacts": [{"organization": "Blagojevi\u0107, Dragana, Pajevi\u0107, Nina, Mimi\u0107, Gordan, \u0106ukovi\u0107, Stefanija, Markovi\u0107, Slobodan B., Maestrini, Bernardo, Brdar, Sanja,", "roles": ["creator"]}]}, "links": [{"href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2025.2493741"}, {"rel": "related", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/Geocarto%20International", "name": "related record", "description": "related record", "type": "application/json"}, {"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "10.1080/10106049.2025.2493741", "name": "item", "description": "10.1080/10106049.2025.2493741", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items/10.1080/10106049.2025.2493741"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection", "name": "collection", "description": "Collection", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main"}], "time": {"date": "2025-04-28T00:00:00Z"}}], "links": [{"rel": "self", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "This document as GeoJSON", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=yield&offset=50&f=json", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "alternate", "type": "text/html", "title": "This document as HTML", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=yield&offset=50&f=html", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "collection", "type": "application/json", "title": "Collection URL", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"type": "application/geo+json", "rel": "prev", "title": "items (prev)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=yield&offset=0", "hreflang": "en-US"}, {"rel": "next", "type": "application/geo+json", "title": "items (next)", "href": "https://repository.soilwise-he.eu/cat/collections/metadata:main/items?keywords=yield&offset=100", "hreflang": "en-US"}], "numberMatched": 416, "numberReturned": 50, "distributedFeatures": [], "timeStamp": "2026-08-25T06:34:06.270654Z"}